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Li Z, Kovshova T, Malinovskaya J, Valikhov M, Melnikov P, Osipova N, Maksimenko O, Dhakal N, Chernysheva A, Chekhonin V, Gelperina S, Wacker MG. Modeling the Drug delivery Lifecycle of PLG Nanoparticles Using Intravital Microscopy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306726. [PMID: 38152951 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Polylactide-co-glycolide (PLG) nanoparticles hold immense promise for cancer therapy due to their enhanced efficacy and biodegradable matrix structure. Understanding their interactions with blood cells and subsequent biodistribution kinetics is crucial for optimizing their therapeutic potential. In this study, three doxorubicin-loaded PLG nanoparticle systems are synthesized and characterized, analyzing their size, zeta potential, morphology, and in vitro release behavior. Employing intravital microscopy in 4T1-tumor-bearing mice, real-time blood and tumor distribution kinetics are investigated. A mechanistic pharmacokinetic model is used to analyze biodistribution kinetics. Additionally, flow cytometry is utilized to identify cells involved in nanoparticle hitchhiking. Following intravenous injection, PLG nanoparticles exhibit an initial burst release (<1 min) and rapidly adsorb to blood cells (<5 min), hindering extravasation. Agglomeration leads to the clearance of one carrier species within 3 min. In stable dispersions, drug release rather than extravasation remains the dominant pathway for drug elimination from circulation. This comprehensive investigation provides valuable insights into the interplay between competing kinetics that influence the lifecycle of PLG nanoparticles post-injection. The findings advance the understanding of nanoparticle behavior and lay the foundation for improved cancer therapy strategies using nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoxuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117544, Singapore
| | - Tatyana Kovshova
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya pl. 9, Moscow, 125047, Russia
| | - Julia Malinovskaya
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya pl. 9, Moscow, 125047, Russia
| | - Marat Valikhov
- Department of Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinskiy per. 23, Moscow, 119034, Russia
| | - Pavel Melnikov
- Department of Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinskiy per. 23, Moscow, 119034, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Osipova
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya pl. 9, Moscow, 125047, Russia
| | - Olga Maksimenko
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya pl. 9, Moscow, 125047, Russia
| | - Namrata Dhakal
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117544, Singapore
| | - Anastasia Chernysheva
- Department of Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinskiy per. 23, Moscow, 119034, Russia
| | - Vladimir Chekhonin
- Department of Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinskiy per. 23, Moscow, 119034, Russia
| | - Svetlana Gelperina
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya pl. 9, Moscow, 125047, Russia
| | - Matthias G Wacker
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117544, Singapore
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Roosen L, Maes D, Musetta L, Himmelreich U. Preclinical Models for Cryptococcosis of the CNS and Their Characterization Using In Vivo Imaging Techniques. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:146. [PMID: 38392818 PMCID: PMC10890286 DOI: 10.3390/jof10020146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii remain a challenge to our healthcare systems as they are still difficult to treat. In order to improve treatment success, in particular for infections that have disseminated to the central nervous system, a better understanding of the disease is needed, addressing questions like how it evolves from a pulmonary to a brain disease and how novel treatment approaches can be developed and validated. This requires not only clinical research and research on the microorganisms in a laboratory environment but also preclinical models in order to study cryptococci in the host. We provide an overview of available preclinical models, with particular emphasis on models of cryptococcosis in rodents. In order to further improve the characterization of rodent models, in particular the dynamic aspects of disease manifestation, development, and ultimate treatment, preclinical in vivo imaging methods are increasingly used, mainly in research for oncological, neurological, and cardiac diseases. In vivo imaging applications for fungal infections are rather sparse. A second aspect of this review is how research on models of cryptococcosis can benefit from in vivo imaging methods that not only provide information on morphology and tissue structure but also on function, metabolism, and cellular properties in a non-invasive way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Roosen
- Biomedical MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dries Maes
- Biomedical MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luigi Musetta
- Biomedical MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Li P, Du P, Peng J, Zhao Z, Li H, Yu W, Wang S, Liu L. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of perfluoropropane after intra-venous bolus injection of perflutren lipid microsphere injection (DEFINITY®) in healthy Chinese volunteers. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 25:6. [PMID: 38167238 PMCID: PMC10763448 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-023-00729-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Definity is an ultrasound contrast agent consisting of phospholipids-encapsulated perfluoropropane (PFP), also known as perflutren, microspheres, which is initially designed to enhance echocardiographic ultrasound images. With no pharmacologic action, Definity can increase the backscatter of ultrasound resulting enhanced ultrasound signals. The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics (PKs), Pharmacodynamics (PDs) and safety of Definity in healthy male and female Chinese volunteers. METHODS A simple GC-MS method was developed and applied to simultaneously quantify PFP both in human whole blood and in expired air using Perfluorobutane (PFB) as internal standard. Meanwhile, the blood microbubble Doppler intensities were continuously monitored as companion PDs by a Doppler ultrasonography system using a non-imaging method. RESULTS After intravenous infusion of 10 µL/kg of PFP within 30 seconds, the mean AUClast of the pharmacokinetic analysis set was 0.000653 (uL/mL)*min, the average AUC∞ was 0.001051 (uL/mL)*min. The main coefficient of variation of parameters were within 30%. In this trial, the blood drug concentration of female subjects was lower than that of males. Female Cmax, AUClast and AUC∞ were lower than males', Tmax and t1/2 was close to males', Vss and CL were slightly higher than males'. The concentration of PFP in the expired air of the subject reached the maximum value 1-2 min after administration and the PFP accumulation curve in the expired air began to become flat at 9.5-11 min after administration. The PFP in the expired air at the last sampling point of most subjects was still measurable. The results of the analysis showed that female subjects had slightly more and faster PFP excretion via the lungs than males. The change of blood drug concentration in this trial was related to the change process of Doppler signal intensity. The trend of the two was close, but the peak time of blood drug concentration was slightly delayed compared with the peak time of the Doppler signal intensity. The results showed that female tmax-pd, t10 was earlier than male, and women have lower AUCpd than men. CONCLUSION The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Definity in blood and expired air were systematically evaluated for the first time in this study. The PK/PD analysis results of this trial showed that the change of blood concentration was related to the change process of Doppler signal intensity, the trend of the two was close and expired air are the main excretion pathways of Definity. Definity was well tolerated by all subjects in the trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered on 08 December 2017 at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (CTR20171087).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing An Ding Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.5 Ankang Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China.
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.8 Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Ping Du
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.8 Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Guoke Excellence (Beijing) Medicine Technology Research Co., Ltd, No.18 Zhonghe street, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Zhixia Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Huiling Li
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.8 Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Weiyue Yu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.8 Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.8 Gongti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Lihong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Dion-Albert L, Dudek KA, Russo SJ, Campbell M, Menard C. Neurovascular adaptations modulating cognition, mood, and stress responses. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:276-292. [PMID: 36805768 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The neurovascular unit (NVU) is a dynamic center for substance exchange between the blood and the brain, making it an essential gatekeeper for central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis. Recent evidence supports a role for the NVU in modulating brain function and cognition. In addition, alterations in NVU processes are observed in response to stress, although the mechanisms via which they can affect mood and cognitive functions remain elusive. Here, we summarize recent studies of neurovascular regulation of emotional processes and cognitive function, including under stressful conditions. We also highlight relevant RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) databases aiming to profile the NVU along with innovative tools to study and manipulate NVU function that can be exploited in the context of cognition and stress research throughout development, aging, or brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Dion-Albert
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Katarzyna A Dudek
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Scott J Russo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and Center for Affective Neuroscience, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Campbell
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Lincoln Place Gate, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Caroline Menard
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
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Goyal D, Kumar H. In Vivo and 3D Imaging Technique(s) for Spatiotemporal Mapping of Pathological Events in Experimental Model(s) of Spinal Cord Injury. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:809-819. [PMID: 36787542 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial damage, astrogliosis, microgliosis, and neuronal degeneration are the most common events after spinal cord injury (SCI). Studies highlighted that studying the spatiotemporal profile of these events might provide a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of SCI. For imaging of these events, available conventional techniques such as 2-dimensional histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are well established and frequently used to visualize and detect the altered expression of the protein of interest involved in these events. However, the technique requires the physical sectioning of the tissue, and results are also open to misinterpretation. Currently, researchers are focusing more attention toward the advanced tools for imaging the spinal cord's various physiological and pathological parameters. The tools include two-photon imaging, light sheet fluorescence microscopy, in vivo imaging system with fluorescent probes, and in vivo chemical and fluorescent protein-expressing viral-tracers. These techniques outperform the limitations associated with conventional techniques in various aspects, such as optical sectioning of tissue, 3D reconstructed imaging, and imaging of particular planes of interest. In addition to this, these techniques are minimally invasive and less time-consuming. In this review, we will discuss the various advanced imaging methodologies that will evolve in the future to explore the fundamental mechanisms after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat India, 382355
| | - Hemant Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat India, 382355
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Costa AC, Alves PM, Monteiro FJ, Salgado C. Interactions between Dental MSCs and Biomimetic Composite Scaffold during Bone Remodeling Followed by In Vivo Real-Time Bioimaging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031827. [PMID: 36768151 PMCID: PMC9915259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral-maxillofacial tumor removal can generate critical bone defects and major problems for patients, causing dysfunctionalities and affecting oral competencies such as mastication, swallowing, and breathing. The association of novel biomaterials and cell therapies in tissue engineering strategies could offer new strategies to promote osteomucosa healing. This study focused on the development of a bioengineered construct loaded with human dental follicle cells (MSCs). To increase the bioconstruct integration to the surrounding tissue, a novel and comprehensive approach was designed combining an injectable biomimetic hydrogel and dental stem cells (hDFMSCs) expressing luminescence/fluorescence for semi-quantitative tissue imaging in live animals. This in vivo model with human MSCs was based on an intramembranous bone regeneration process (IMO). Biologically, the biocomposite based on collagen/nanohydroxyapatite filled with cell-loaded osteopontin-fibrin hydrogel (Coll/nanoHA OPN-Fb) exhibited a high cellular proliferation rate, increased bone extracellular matrix deposition (osteopontin) and high ALP activity, indicating an early osteogenic differentiation. Thus, the presence of human OPN enhanced hDFMSC adhesion, migration, and spatial distribution within the 3D matrix. The developed 3D bioconstruct provided the necessary pro-regenerative effect to modulate the biological response, precisely fitting the bone defect with fine-tuned adjustment to the surrounding original structure and promoting oral osteomucosa tissue regeneration. We were also able to track the cells in vivo and evaluate their behavior (migration, proliferation, and differentiation), providing a glimpse into bone regeneration and helping in the optimization of patient-specific therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Costa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Mafalda Alves
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Jorge Monteiro
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Christiane Salgado
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Pardo M, Khizroev S. Where do we stand now regarding treatment of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders? Considerations in using magnetoelectric nanoparticles as an innovative approach. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1781. [PMID: 35191206 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Almost 1000 million people have recently been diagnosed with a mental health or substance disorder (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). Psychiatric disorders, and their treatment, represent a big burden to the society worldwide, causing about 8 million deaths per year (Walker et al., 2015). Daily progress in science enables continuous advances in methods to treat patients; however, the brain remains to be the most unknown and complex organ of the body. There is a growing demand for innovative approaches to treat psychiatric as well as neurodegenerative disorders, disorders with unknown curability, and treatments mostly designed to slow disease progression. Based on that need and the peculiarity of the central nervous system, in the present review, we highlight the handicaps of the existing approaches as well as discuss the potential of the recently introduced magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENPs) to become a game-changing tool in future applications for the treatment of brain alterations. Unlike other stimulation approaches, MENPs have the potential to enable a wirelessly controlled stimulation at a single-neuron level without requiring genetic modification of the neural tissue and no toxicity has yet been reported. Their potential as a new tool for targeting the brain is discussed. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Cardiovascular Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Neurological Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pardo
- Miller School of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sakhrat Khizroev
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
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Okeyo PO, Rajendran ST, Zór K, Boisen A. Sensing technologies and experimental platforms for the characterization of advanced oral drug delivery systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113850. [PMID: 34182015 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Complex and miniaturized oral drug delivery systems are being developed rapidly for targeted, controlled drug release and improved bioavailability. Standard analytical techniques are widely used to characterize i) drug carrier and active pharmaceutical ingredients before loading into a delivery device (to ensure the solid form), and ii) the entire drug delivery system during the development process. However, in light of the complexity and the size of some of these systems, standard techniques as well as novel sensing technologies and experimental platforms need to be used in tandem. These technologies and platforms are discussed in this review, with a special focus on passive delivery systems in size range from a few 100 µm to a few mm. Challenges associated with characterizing these systems and evaluating their effect on oral drug delivery in the preclinical phase are also discussed.
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9
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Wu S, Helal-Neto E, Matos APDS, Jafari A, Kozempel J, Silva YJDA, Serrano-Larrea C, Alves Junior S, Ricci-Junior E, Alexis F, Santos-Oliveira R. Radioactive polymeric nanoparticles for biomedical application. Drug Deliv 2021; 27:1544-1561. [PMID: 33118416 PMCID: PMC7599028 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1837296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, emerging radiolabeled nanosystems are revolutionizing medicine in terms of diagnostics, treatment, and theranostics. These radionuclides include polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), liposomal carriers, dendrimers, magnetic iron oxide NPs, silica NPs, carbon nanotubes, and inorganic metal-based nanoformulations. Between these nano-platforms, polymeric NPs have gained attention in the biomedical field due to their excellent properties, such as their surface to mass ratio, quantum properties, biodegradability, low toxicity, and ability to absorb and carry other molecules. In addition, NPs are capable of carrying high payloads of radionuclides which can be used for diagnostic, treatment, and theranostics depending on the radioactive material linked. The radiolabeling process of nanoparticles can be performed by direct or indirect labeling process. In both cases, the most appropriate must be selected in order to keep the targeting properties as preserved as possible. In addition, radionuclide therapy has the advantage of delivering a highly concentrated absorbed dose to the targeted tissue while sparing the surrounding healthy tissues. Said another way, radioactive polymeric NPs represent a promising prospect in the treatment and diagnostics of cardiovascular diseases such as cardiac ischemia, infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, and other type of cancer cells or tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shentian Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy Center, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming City, China
| | - Edward Helal-Neto
- Nuclear Engineering Institute, Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Amir Jafari
- Nuclear Engineering Institute, Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology in the Faculty of Advanced Technology in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ján Kozempel
- Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering (FJFI), Czech Technical University in Prague (ČVUT), Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Severino Alves Junior
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ricci-Junior
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Frank Alexis
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí, Ecuador
| | - Ralph Santos-Oliveira
- Nuclear Engineering Institute, Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Radiopharmacy and Nanoradiopharmaceuticals, Zona Oeste State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Komesli Y, Yildirim Y, Karasulu E. Visualisation of real-time oral biodistribution of fluorescent labeled self-microemulsifying drug delivery system of olmesartan medoxomil using optical imaging method. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2020; 36:100365. [PMID: 33191089 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the biodistribution of self-microemulsifying drug delivery system of hydrophobic olmesartan medoxomil (OM-SMEDDS) was determined by labeling with a fluorescent dye VivoTag®680 XL and Xenolight® DiR. Labeled OM-SMEDDS and control dye solution administered orally to mice; real-time dynamic biodistributions over 7 h were determined by 2D-fluorescent imaging to verify their anatomic location. Fluorescent Emissions by Vivotag 680® XL and Xenolight® DiR labeled OM-SMEDDS emitted 2 to 24 times stronger emission than control dye administered group. To further confirm the results, organs were removed and examined using the same technique at the end of 7 h. VivoTag®680XL and Xenolight® DiR emitted 4 and 1.7 times stronger emission respectively than control dye administered mice in ex-vivo organ imaging studies. This study showed that OM-SMEDDS can be succesfully labeled with fluorescent dye and tracked with optical imaging method for the visualisation of biodistribution of drugs and is also useful for enhanced bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelda Komesli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yeliz Yildirim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ercument Karasulu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Hernandes C, Miguita L, de Sales RO, Silva EDP, de Mendonça POR, Lorencini da Silva B, Klingbeil MDFG, Mathor MB, Rangel EB, Marti LC, Coppede JDS, Nunes FD, Pereira AMS, Severino P. Anticancer Activities of the Quinone-Methide Triterpenes Maytenin and 22-β-hydroxymaytenin Obtained from Cultivated Maytenus ilicifolia Roots Associated with Down-Regulation of miRNA-27a and miR-20a/miR-17-5p. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030760. [PMID: 32050628 PMCID: PMC7038027 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural triterpenes exhibit a wide range of biological activities. Since this group of secondary metabolites is structurally diverse, effects may vary due to distinct biochemical interactions within biological systems. In this work, we investigated the anticancer-related activities of the quinone-methide triterpene maytenin and its derivative compound 22-β-hydroxymaytenin, obtained from Maytenus ilicifolia roots cultivated in vitro. Their antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activities were evaluated in monolayer and three-dimensional cultures of immortalized cell lines. Additionally, we investigated the toxicity of maytenin in SCID mice harboring tumors derived from a squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Both isolated molecules presented pronounced pro-apoptotic activities in four cell lines derived from head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, including a metastasis-derived cell line. The molecules also induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and down-regulated microRNA-27a and microRNA-20a/miR-17-5p, corroborating with the literature data for triterpenoids. Intraperitoneal administration of maytenin to tumor-bearing mice did not lead to pronounced histopathological changes in kidney tissue, suggesting low nephrotoxicity. The wide-ranging activity of maytenin and 22-β-hydroxymaytenin in head and neck cancer cells indicates that these molecules should be further explored in plant biochemistry and biotechnology for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Hernandes
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (C.H.); (R.O.d.S.); (E.d.P.S.); (P.O.R.d.M.); (B.L.d.S.); (E.B.R.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Lucyene Miguita
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (L.M.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Romario Oliveira de Sales
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (C.H.); (R.O.d.S.); (E.d.P.S.); (P.O.R.d.M.); (B.L.d.S.); (E.B.R.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Elisangela de Paula Silva
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (C.H.); (R.O.d.S.); (E.d.P.S.); (P.O.R.d.M.); (B.L.d.S.); (E.B.R.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Pedro Omori Ribeiro de Mendonça
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (C.H.); (R.O.d.S.); (E.d.P.S.); (P.O.R.d.M.); (B.L.d.S.); (E.B.R.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Bruna Lorencini da Silva
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (C.H.); (R.O.d.S.); (E.d.P.S.); (P.O.R.d.M.); (B.L.d.S.); (E.B.R.); (L.C.M.)
| | | | - Monica Beatriz Mathor
- Nuclear and Energy Research Institute IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (M.d.F.G.K.); (M.B.M.)
| | - Erika Bevilaqua Rangel
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (C.H.); (R.O.d.S.); (E.d.P.S.); (P.O.R.d.M.); (B.L.d.S.); (E.B.R.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Luciana Cavalheiro Marti
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (C.H.); (R.O.d.S.); (E.d.P.S.); (P.O.R.d.M.); (B.L.d.S.); (E.B.R.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Juliana da Silva Coppede
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto 14096-900, Brazil; (J.d.S.C.); (A.M.S.P.)
| | - Fabio Daumas Nunes
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (L.M.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Ana Maria Soares Pereira
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto 14096-900, Brazil; (J.d.S.C.); (A.M.S.P.)
| | - Patricia Severino
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (C.H.); (R.O.d.S.); (E.d.P.S.); (P.O.R.d.M.); (B.L.d.S.); (E.B.R.); (L.C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-21510507
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12
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Fath-Bayati L, Vasei M, Sharif-Paghaleh E. Optical fluorescence imaging with shortwave infrared light emitter nanomaterials for in vivo cell tracking in regenerative medicine. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7905-7918. [PMID: 31559692 PMCID: PMC6850965 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In vivo tracking and monitoring of adoptive cell transfer has a distinct importance in cell‐based therapy. There are many imaging modalities for in vivo monitoring of biodistribution, viability and effectiveness of transferred cells. Some of these procedures are not applicable in the human body because of low sensitivity and high possibility of tissue damages. Shortwave infrared region (SWIR) imaging is a relatively new technique by which deep biological tissues can be potentially visualized with high resolution at cellular level. Indeed, scanning of the electromagnetic spectrum (beyond 1000 nm) of SWIR has a great potential to increase sensitivity and resolution of in vivo imaging for various human tissues. In this review, molecular imaging modalities used for monitoring of biodistribution and fate of administered cells with focusing on the application of non‐invasive optical imaging at shortwave infrared region are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Fath-Bayati
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohammad Vasei
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Cell-based Therapies Research Institute, Digestive Disease Research Institute (DDRI), Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Sharif-Paghaleh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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13
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Roovers S, Segers T, Lajoinie G, Deprez J, Versluis M, De Smedt SC, Lentacker I. The Role of Ultrasound-Driven Microbubble Dynamics in Drug Delivery: From Microbubble Fundamentals to Clinical Translation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:10173-10191. [PMID: 30653325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In the last couple of decades, ultrasound-driven microbubbles have proven excellent candidates for local drug delivery applications. Besides being useful drug carriers, microbubbles have demonstrated the ability to enhance cell and tissue permeability and, as a consequence, drug uptake herein. Notwithstanding the large amount of evidence for their therapeutic efficacy, open issues remain. Because of the vast number of ultrasound- and microbubble-related parameters that can be altered and the variability in different models, the translation from basic research to (pre)clinical studies has been hindered. This review aims at connecting the knowledge gained from fundamental microbubble studies to the therapeutic efficacy seen in in vitro and in vivo studies, with an emphasis on a better understanding of the response of a microbubble upon exposure to ultrasound and its interaction with cells and tissues. More specifically, we address the acoustic settings and microbubble-related parameters (i.e., bubble size and physicochemistry of the bubble shell) that play a key role in microbubble-cell interactions and in the associated therapeutic outcome. Additionally, new techniques that may provide additional control over the treatment, such as monodisperse microbubble formulations, tunable ultrasound scanners, and cavitation detection techniques, are discussed. An in-depth understanding of the aspects presented in this work could eventually lead the way to more efficient and tailored microbubble-assisted ultrasound therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Roovers
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460 , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Tim Segers
- Physics of Fluids Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and Technical Medical (TechMed) Center , University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede , The Netherlands
| | - Guillaume Lajoinie
- Physics of Fluids Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and Technical Medical (TechMed) Center , University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede , The Netherlands
| | - Joke Deprez
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460 , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Michel Versluis
- Physics of Fluids Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and Technical Medical (TechMed) Center , University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede , The Netherlands
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460 , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Ine Lentacker
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460 , Ghent , Belgium
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Komesli Y, Burak Ozkaya A, Ugur Ergur B, Kirilmaz L, Karasulu E. Design and development of a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system of olmesartan medoxomil for enhanced bioavailability. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 45:1292-1305. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1607868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yelda Komesli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ali Burak Ozkaya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bekir Ugur Ergur
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Levent Kirilmaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ercument Karasulu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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15
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Kubon M, Hartmann H, Moschallski M, Burkhardt C, Link G, Werner S, Lavalle P, Urban G, Vrana NE, Stelzle M. Multimodal Chemosensor-Based, Real-Time Biomaterial/Cell Interface Monitoring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Kubon
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen; Markwiesenstrasse 55 D-72770 Reutlingen Germany
| | - Hanna Hartmann
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen; Markwiesenstrasse 55 D-72770 Reutlingen Germany
| | - Meike Moschallski
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen; Markwiesenstrasse 55 D-72770 Reutlingen Germany
| | - Claus Burkhardt
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen; Markwiesenstrasse 55 D-72770 Reutlingen Germany
| | - Gorden Link
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen; Markwiesenstrasse 55 D-72770 Reutlingen Germany
| | - Simon Werner
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen; Markwiesenstrasse 55 D-72770 Reutlingen Germany
| | - Philippe Lavalle
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; INSERM Unité 1121, 11 rue Humann 67085 Strasbourg Cedex France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg; Fédération de Recherche Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand Est (FRMNGE); Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire; Université de Strasbourg; 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Gerald Urban
- IMTEK - Institute for Microsystems Engineering; University of Freiburg; Georges-Köhler-Allee 103/EG D-79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Nihal Engin Vrana
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; INSERM Unité 1121, 11 rue Humann 67085 Strasbourg Cedex France
- Protip Medical; 8 Place de l'Hopital, 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Martin Stelzle
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen; Markwiesenstrasse 55 D-72770 Reutlingen Germany
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16
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Gran S, Honold L, Fehler O, Zenker S, Eligehausen S, Kuhlmann MT, Geven E, den Bosch MV, van Lent P, Spiekermann C, Hermann S, Vogl T, Schäfers M, Roth J. Imaging, myeloid precursor immortalization, and genome editing for defining mechanisms of leukocyte recruitment in vivo. Theranostics 2018; 8:2407-2423. [PMID: 29721088 PMCID: PMC5928898 DOI: 10.7150/thno.23632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recruitment of leukocytes from the blood to sites of inflammation poses a promising target for new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We aimed to develop a novel method to non-invasively analyze molecular mechanisms of leukocyte migration in pre-clinical models of inflammation in vivo. Methods: We used the ER-HoxB8 system to transiently immortalize murine myeloid precursors from wildtype and CD18- as well as MRP14-deficient mice. A VLA4α-/- cell line was generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing. We analyzed the migration of wildtype and knockout leukocytes in vivo by optical and nuclear imaging in mice with irritant contact dermatitis, cutaneous granuloma, experimental arthritis and myocardial infarction. Results: Transient immortalization, gene editing and in vivo imaging can be combined to analyze migratory mechanisms of murine leukocytes, even for gene deletions resulting in lethal phenotypes in mice. We reliably confirmed known migratory defects of leukocytes deficient for the adhesion molecules CD18 or VLA4α. Also, using our new method we identified a new role of the most abundant calcium-binding proteins in phagocytes and major alarmins in many inflammatory diseases, MRP8 and MRP14, for transmigration in vivo. Conclusion: We provide a combinatorial approach to rapidly characterize molecular mechanisms of leukocyte recruitment in vivo, with the potential to aid in identification of diagnostic and therapeutic targets in inflammatory pathologies.
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Abstract
We have developed an imaging method designated as correlative light microscopy and block-face imaging (CoMBI), which contributes to improve the reliability of morphological analyses. This method can collect both the frozen sections and serial block-face images in a single specimen. The frozen section can be used for conventional light microscopic analysis to obtain 2-dimensional (2D) anatomical and molecular information, while serial block-face images can be used as 3-dimensional (3D) volume data for anatomical analysis. Thus, the sections maintain positional information in the specimen, and allows the correlation of 2D microscopic data and 3D volume data in a single specimen. The subjects can vary in size and type, and can cover most specimens encountered in biology. In addition, the required system for our method is characterized by cost-effectiveness. Here, we demonstrated the utility of CoMBI using specimens ranging in size from several millimeters to several centimeters, i.e., mouse embryos, human brainstem samples, and stag beetle larvae, and present successful correlation between the 2D light microscopic images and 3D volume data in a single specimen.
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19
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Priem B, Tian C, Tang J, Zhao Y, Mulder WJM. Fluorescent nanoparticles for the accurate detection of drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1881-94. [PMID: 26292712 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1074567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The application of intravenously administered nanoparticle (NP) therapies is increasingly being explored for a variety of diseases. The key to their success lies in a thorough understanding of nanoparticle pharmacological behavior, specificity and elimination kinetics. Fluorescent imaging techniques provide exciting opportunities to gain insight into such NP behavior in complex biological systems, at macroscopic as well as microscopic levels. AREAS COVERED In this review, we will summarize NP labeling methods in relation to their established and emerging fluorescent imaging modalities for in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo studies of NP behavior. We will highlight novel applications and discuss recent developments in techniques such as fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT), Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), and Raman imaging. Finally, we will provide a perspective on the challenges and future directions of NP-based fluorescent labeling and imaging in nanotherapeutics. EXPERT OPINION Commonly used in preclinical applications, fluorescent imaging of NPs can be achieved with minimal invasiveness and low toxicity in a multiplex fashion. Increasingly applied in the study of NP biodistribution, dissociation, and elimination behavior, fluorescent imaging allows fluid longitudinal tracking and visualization of NP interactions at the level of the whole animal, target organs/tissues, and individual cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Priem
- a 1 Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Cheng Tian
- a 1 Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Jun Tang
- a 1 Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Yiming Zhao
- a 1 Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Willem J M Mulder
- a 1 Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, USA .,b 2 Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
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20
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Wartella KA, Khalilzad-Sharghi V, Kelso ML, Kovar JL, Kaplan DL, Xu H, Othman SF. Multi-modal imaging for assessment of tissue-engineered bone in a critical-sized calvarial defect mouse model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:1732-1740. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. A. Wartella
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Lincoln NE USA
| | - V. Khalilzad-Sharghi
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Lincoln NE USA
| | - M. L. Kelso
- Department of Pharmacy Practice; University of Nebraska Medical Center; Omaha NE USA
| | - J. L. Kovar
- LI-COR Biosciences; Biology Research and Development; Lincoln NE USA
| | - D. L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Tufts University; Medford MA USA
| | - H. Xu
- School of Engineering and Computer Science; University of the Pacific; Stockton CA USA
| | - S. F. Othman
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Lincoln NE USA
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21
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Shibata K, Fukamachi K, Tsuji A, Saga T, Futakuchi M, Nagino M, Tsuda H, Suzui M. In vivo18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging of pancreatic tumors in a transgenic rat model carrying the human KRASG12V oncogene. Oncol Lett 2015; 9:2112-2118. [PMID: 26137023 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel KRAS-mediated transgenic rat model has previously been demonstrated, in which animals develop multiple pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) that is histologically similar to human PDAC within two weeks. Positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) is commonly used for the diagnosis and staging of PDAC in humans, and can be adopted for optimal use in animal experiments. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the carcinogenic process in a rat pancreatic carcinoma model using small-animal multimodality imaging systems. The utility of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET/CT in detecting the location and size of PDAC during tumor development in the present transgenic rat model was assessed. A small animal multimodality PET/CT system and contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) system were used for the imaging analysis of KRASG12V male transgenic rats (n=6), which developed pancreatic tumors following the administration of an injection of Cre recombinase (Cre)-carrying adenovirus. Laparotomies performed at six weeks post-treatment revealed that all three (100%) Cre-expressing rats developed pancreatic tumors that were <2 mm in diameter, none of which were detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT or CECT. At eight weeks post-treatment, the pancreatic tumors were heterogeneously visualized by 18F-FDG-PET/CT and CECT in two of the three rats. Furthermore, the autopsies confirmed that all three rats had developed pancreatic tumors. These novel findings provide evidence that the FDG-PET/CT imaging system is a valuable tool for the evaluation of the carcinogenic process, and one which may aid in treatment and preventive methods for pancreatic tumors in mammalian models. A limitation associated with the early detection of PDACs warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Shibata
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan ; Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Katsumi Fukamachi
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tsuji
- Diagnostic Imaging Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Saga
- Diagnostic Imaging Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Futakuchi
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Masato Nagino
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuda
- Laboratory of Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8603, Japan
| | - Masumi Suzui
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
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Cerebral glucose metabolism changes in rat brain upon forepaw electrical stimulation at different frequencies. Neuroreport 2015; 26:197-205. [PMID: 25674904 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PET imaging techniques and statistical parametric mapping analysis have been developed to identify neuronal functional activation from brain imaging. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of the glucose metabolism in rat brain during forepaw electrical stimulation with different frequencies (3, 10, or 20 Hz) compared with a nonstimulated group (control). Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose was injected after confirmation of the range of normal physiology. For quantitative analysis, we used cerebral metabolism rate of glucose consumption (CMRglc) responses in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1FL) and motor cortex (M1). On comparing CMRglc responses in the contralateral S1FL and M1 with those of the ipsilateral areas in intragroup analysis, a significant increase (P<0.05) was observed in two electrical stimulation groups (10 and 20 Hz) but not at the 3 Hz level. In intergroup analysis, the CMRglc responses in the contralateral region of interest were compared with those of the control group to validate which electrical frequency conditions were appropriate to induce neuronal functional activation. Among the stimulation groups, significant increases in CMRglc response were only observed at 10 Hz (P<0.05). Therefore, 10 Hz is the most suitable frequency to confirm changes in CMRglc in the S1FL and M1 of the rat brain, and also fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET could be useful to investigate recovery and plasticity in neurological diseases associated with primary sensory-motor cortex function.
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Bernsen MR, Vaissier PEB, Van Holen R, Booij J, Beekman FJ, de Jong M. The role of preclinical SPECT in oncological and neurological research in combination with either CT or MRI. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2014; 41 Suppl 1:S36-49. [PMID: 24895751 PMCID: PMC4003405 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-013-2685-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical imaging with SPECT combined with CT or MRI is used more and more frequently and has proven to be very useful in translational research. In this article, an overview of current preclinical research applications and trends of SPECT combined with CT or MRI, mainly in tumour imaging and neuroscience imaging, is given and the advantages and disadvantages of the different approaches are described. Today SPECT and CT systems are often integrated into a single device (commonly called a SPECT/CT system), whereas at present combined SPECT and MRI is almost always carried out with separate systems and fiducial markers to combine the separately acquired images. While preclinical SPECT/CT is most widely applied in oncology research, SPECT combined with MRI (SPECT/MRI when integrated in one system) offers the potential for both neuroscience applications and oncological applications. Today CT and MRI are still mainly used to localize radiotracer binding and to improve SPECT quantification, although both CT and MRI have additional potential. Future technology developments may include fast sequential or simultaneous acquisition of (dynamic) multimodality data, spectroscopy, fMRI along with high-resolution anatomic MRI, advanced CT procedures, and combinations of more than two modalities such as combinations of SPECT, PET, MRI and CT all together. This will all strongly depend on new technologies. With further advances in biology and chemistry for imaging molecular targets and (patho)physiological processes in vivo, the introduction of new imaging procedures and promising new radiopharmaceuticals in clinical practice may be accelerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique R. Bernsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter E. B. Vaissier
- Section Radiation Detection and Medical Imaging, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Van Holen
- ELIS Department, MEDISIP, Ghent University, iMinds, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Booij
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Freek J. Beekman
- Section Radiation Detection and Medical Imaging, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
- MILabs B.V., Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marion de Jong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Talukdar Y, Avti P, Sun J, Sitharaman B. Multimodal ultrasound-photoacoustic imaging of tissue engineering scaffolds and blood oxygen saturation in and around the scaffolds. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2014; 20:440-9. [PMID: 24107069 PMCID: PMC4005489 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2013.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical, noninvasive imaging of tissue engineering polymeric scaffold structure and/or the physiological processes such as blood oxygenation remains a challenge. In vitro or ex vivo, the widely used scaffold characterization modalities such as porosimetry, electron or optical microscopy, and X-ray microcomputed tomography have limitations or disadvantages-some are invasive or destructive, others have limited tissue penetration (few hundred micrometers) and/or show poor contrast under physiological conditions. Postmortem histological analysis, the most robust technique for the evaluation of neovascularization is obviously not appropriate for acquiring physiological or longitudinal data. In this study, we have explored the potential of ultrasound (US)-coregistered photoacoustic (PA) imaging as a noninvasive multimodal imaging modality to overcome some of the above challenges and/or provide complementary information. US-PA imaging was employed to characterize poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymer scaffolds or single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-incorporated PLGA (SWCNT-PLGA) polymer scaffolds as well as blood oxygen saturation within and around the scaffolds. Ex vivo, PLGA and SWCNT-PLGA scaffolds were placed at 0.5, 2, and 6 mm depths in chicken breast tissues. PLGA scaffolds could be localized with US imaging, but generate no PA signal (excitation wavelengths 680 and 780 nm). SWCNT-PLGA scaffolds generated strong PA signals at both wavelengths due to the presence of the SWCNTs and could be localized with both US and PA imaging depths between 0.5-6 mm (lateral resolution = 90 μm, axial resolution = 40 μm). In vivo, PLGA and SWCNT-PLGA scaffolds were implanted in subcutaneous pockets at 2 mm depth in rats, and imaged at 7 and 14 days postsurgery. The anatomical position of both the scaffolds could be determined from the US images. Only SWCNT-PLGA scaffolds could be easily detected in the US-PA images. SWCNT-PLGA scaffolds had significant four times higher PA signal intensity compared with the surrounding tissue and PLGA scaffolds. In vivo blood oxygen saturation maps around and within the PLGA scaffolds could be obtained by PA imaging. There was no significant difference in oxygen saturation for the PLGA scaffolds at the two time points. The blood oxygen saturation maps complemented the histological analysis of neovascularization of the PLGA scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahfi Talukdar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Pramod Avti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - John Sun
- VisualSonics, Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Balaji Sitharaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
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25
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Ricard C, Stanchi F, Rougon G, Debarbieux F. An orthotopic glioblastoma mouse model maintaining brain parenchymal physical constraints and suitable for intravital two-photon microscopy. J Vis Exp 2014. [PMID: 24798209 DOI: 10.3791/51108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive form of brain tumors with no curative treatments available to date. Murine models of this pathology rely on the injection of a suspension of glioma cells into the brain parenchyma following incision of the dura-mater. Whereas the cells have to be injected superficially to be accessible to intravital two-photon microscopy, superficial injections fail to recapitulate the physiopathological conditions. Indeed, escaping through the injection tract most tumor cells reach the extra-dural space where they expand abnormally fast in absence of mechanical constraints from the parenchyma. Our improvements consist not only in focally implanting a glioma spheroid rather than injecting a suspension of glioma cells in the superficial layers of the cerebral cortex but also in clogging the injection site by a cross-linked dextran gel hemi-bead that is glued to the surrounding parenchyma and sealed to dura-mater with cyanoacrylate. Altogether these measures enforce the physiological expansion and infiltration of the tumor cells inside the brain parenchyma. Craniotomy was finally closed with a glass window cemented to the skull to allow chronic imaging over weeks in absence of scar tissue development. Taking advantage of fluorescent transgenic animals grafted with fluorescent tumor cells we have shown that the dynamics of interactions occurring between glioma cells, neurons (e.g. Thy1-CFP mice) and vasculature (highlighted by an intravenous injection of a fluorescent dye) can be visualized by intravital two-photon microscopy during the progression of the disease. The possibility to image a tumor at microscopic resolution in a minimally compromised cerebral environment represents an improvement of current GBM animal models which should benefit the field of neuro-oncology and drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Ricard
- Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille, Aix Marseille University; European Research Center for Medical Imaging, Campus de la Timone
| | - Fabio Stanchi
- Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille, Aix Marseille University; Vesalius Research Center, KU Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg
| | - Geneviève Rougon
- Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille, Aix Marseille University; European Research Center for Medical Imaging, Campus de la Timone
| | - Franck Debarbieux
- Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille, Aix Marseille University; European Research Center for Medical Imaging, Campus de la Timone;
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Rivera EJ, Tran LA, Hernández-Rivera M, Yoon D, Mikos AG, Rusakova IA, Cheong BY, Cabreira-Hansen MDG, Willerson JT, Perin EC, Wilson LJ. Bismuth@US-tubes as a Potential Contrast Agent for X-ray Imaging Applications. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:10.1039/C3TB20742K. [PMID: 24288589 PMCID: PMC3840030 DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20742k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The encapsulation of bismuth as BiOCl/Bi2O3 within ultra-short (ca. 50 nm) single-walled carbon nanocapsules (US-tubes) has been achieved. The Bi@US-tubes have been characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. Bi@US-tubes have been used for intracellular labeling of pig bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to show high X-ray contrast in computed tomography (CT) cellular imaging for the first time. The relatively high contrast is achieved with low bismuth loading (2.66% by weight) within the US-tubes and without compromising cell viability. X-ray CT imaging of Bi@US-tubes-labeled MSCs showed a nearly two-fold increase in contrast enhancement when compared to unlabeled MSCs in a 100 kV CT clinical scanner. The CT signal enhancement from the Bi@US-tubes is 500 times greater than polymer-coated Bi2S3 nanoparticles and several-fold that of any clinical iodinated contrast agent (CA) at the same concentration. Our findings suggest that the Bi@US-tubes can be used as a potential new class of X-ray CT agent for stem cell labeling and possibly in vivo tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eladio J. Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology MS-60, P. O. Box 1892, Rice University, Houston TX 77251-1892, USA
| | - Lesa A. Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology MS-60, P. O. Box 1892, Rice University, Houston TX 77251-1892, USA
| | - Mayra Hernández-Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology MS-60, P. O. Box 1892, Rice University, Houston TX 77251-1892, USA
| | - Diana Yoon
- Department of Bioengineering, MS-142, P. O. Box 1892, Rice University, Houston TX 77251-1892, USA
| | - Antonios G. Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering, MS-142, P. O. Box 1892, Rice University, Houston TX 77251-1892, USA
| | - Irene A. Rusakova
- Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5002, USA
| | - Benjamin Y. Cheong
- Department of Radiology, St. Luke’s Episcopal Hospital, 6720 Bertner Avenue, MC 2-270, Houston, TX 77030-2697, USA
| | - Maria da Graça Cabreira-Hansen
- Stem Cell Center, Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke’s Episcopal Hospital, MC 2-255, P. O. Box 20345, Houston, TX 77225-0345, USA
| | - James T. Willerson
- Stem Cell Center, Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke’s Episcopal Hospital, MC 2-255, P. O. Box 20345, Houston, TX 77225-0345, USA
| | - Emerson C. Perin
- Stem Cell Center, Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke’s Episcopal Hospital, MC 2-255, P. O. Box 20345, Houston, TX 77225-0345, USA
| | - Lon J. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology MS-60, P. O. Box 1892, Rice University, Houston TX 77251-1892, USA
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Bagci U, Foster B, Miller-Jaster K, Luna B, Dey B, Bishai WR, Jonsson CB, Jain S, Mollura DJ. A computational pipeline for quantification of pulmonary infections in small animal models using serial PET-CT imaging. EJNMMI Res 2013; 3:55. [PMID: 23879987 PMCID: PMC3734217 DOI: 10.1186/2191-219x-3-55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Infectious diseases are the second leading cause of death worldwide. In order to better understand and treat them, an accurate evaluation using multi-modal imaging techniques for anatomical and functional characterizations is needed. For non-invasive imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET), there have been many engineering improvements that have significantly enhanced the resolution and contrast of the images, but there are still insufficient computational algorithms available for researchers to use when accurately quantifying imaging data from anatomical structures and functional biological processes. Since the development of such tools may potentially translate basic research into the clinic, this study focuses on the development of a quantitative and qualitative image analysis platform that provides a computational radiology perspective for pulmonary infections in small animal models. Specifically, we designed (a) a fast and robust automated and semi-automated image analysis platform and a quantification tool that can facilitate accurate diagnostic measurements of pulmonary lesions as well as volumetric measurements of anatomical structures, and incorporated (b) an image registration pipeline to our proposed framework for volumetric comparison of serial scans. This is an important investigational tool for small animal infectious disease models that can help advance researchers’ understanding of infectious diseases. Methods We tested the utility of our proposed methodology by using sequentially acquired CT and PET images of rabbit, ferret, and mouse models with respiratory infections of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB), H1N1 flu virus, and an aerosolized respiratory pathogen (necrotic TB) for a total of 92, 44, and 24 scans for the respective studies with half of the scans from CT and the other half from PET. Institutional Administrative Panel on Laboratory Animal Care approvals were obtained prior to conducting this research. First, the proposed computational framework registered PET and CT images to provide spatial correspondences between images. Second, the lungs from the CT scans were segmented using an interactive region growing (IRG) segmentation algorithm with mathematical morphology operations to avoid false positive (FP) uptake in PET images. Finally, we segmented significant radiotracer uptake from the PET images in lung regions determined from CT and computed metabolic volumes of the significant uptake. All segmentation processes were compared with expert radiologists’ delineations (ground truths). Metabolic and gross volume of lesions were automatically computed with the segmentation processes using PET and CT images, and percentage changes in those volumes over time were calculated. (Continued on next page)(Continued from previous page) Standardized uptake value (SUV) analysis from PET images was conducted as a complementary quantitative metric for disease severity assessment. Thus, severity and extent of pulmonary lesions were examined through both PET and CT images using the aforementioned quantification metrics outputted from the proposed framework. Results Each animal study was evaluated within the same subject class, and all steps of the proposed methodology were evaluated separately. We quantified the accuracy of the proposed algorithm with respect to the state-of-the-art segmentation algorithms. For evaluation of the segmentation results, dice similarity coefficient (DSC) as an overlap measure and Haussdorf distance as a shape dissimilarity measure were used. Significant correlations regarding the estimated lesion volumes were obtained both in CT and PET images with respect to the ground truths (R2=0.8922,p<0.01 and R2=0.8664,p<0.01, respectively). The segmentation accuracy (DSC (%)) was 93.4±4.5% for normal lung CT scans and 86.0±7.1% for pathological lung CT scans. Experiments showed excellent agreements (all above 85%) with expert evaluations for both structural and functional imaging modalities. Apart from quantitative analysis of each animal, we also qualitatively showed how metabolic volumes were changing over time by examining serial PET/CT scans. Evaluation of the registration processes was based on precisely defined anatomical landmark points by expert clinicians. An average of 2.66, 3.93, and 2.52 mm errors was found in rabbit, ferret, and mouse data (all within the resolution limits), respectively. Quantitative results obtained from the proposed methodology were visually related to the progress and severity of the pulmonary infections as verified by the participating radiologists. Moreover, we demonstrated that lesions due to the infections were metabolically active and appeared multi-focal in nature, and we observed similar patterns in the CT images as well. Consolidation and ground glass opacity were the main abnormal imaging patterns and consistently appeared in all CT images. We also found that the gross and metabolic lesion volume percentage follow the same trend as the SUV-based evaluation in the longitudinal analysis. Conclusions We explored the feasibility of using PET and CT imaging modalities in three distinct small animal models for two diverse pulmonary infections. We concluded from the clinical findings, derived from the proposed computational pipeline, that PET-CT imaging is an invaluable hybrid modality for tracking pulmonary infections longitudinally in small animals and has great potential to become routinely used in clinics. Our proposed methodology showed that automated computed-aided lesion detection and quantification of pulmonary infections in small animal models are efficient and accurate as compared to the clinical standard of manual and semi-automated approaches. Automated analysis of images in pre-clinical applications can increase the efficiency and quality of pre-clinical findings that ultimately inform downstream experimental design in human clinical studies; this innovation will allow researchers and clinicians to more effectively allocate study resources with respect to research demands without compromising accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulas Bagci
- Center for Infectious Disease Imaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Leclerc B, Abulrob A. Perspectives in molecular imaging using staging biomarkers and immunotherapies in Alzheimer's disease. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:589308. [PMID: 23476143 PMCID: PMC3576798 DOI: 10.1155/2013/589308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an emerging chronic illness characterized by a progressive pleiotropic pathophysiological mode of actions triggered during the senescence process and affecting the elderly worldwide. The complex molecular mechanisms of AD not only are supported by cholinergic, beta-amyloid, and tau theories but also have a genetic basis that accounts for the difference in symptomatology processes activation among human population which will evolve into divergent neuropathological features underlying cognitive and behaviour alterations. Distinct immune system tolerance could also influence divergent responses among AD patients treated by immunotherapy. The complexity in nature increases when taken together the genetic/immune tolerance with the patient's brain reserve and with neuropathological evolution from early till advance AD clinical stages. The most promising diagnostic strategies in today's world would consist in performing high diagnostic accuracy of combined modality imaging technologies using beta-amyloid 42 peptide-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) positron emission tomography (PET), Pittsburgh compound B-PET, fluorodeoxyglucose-PET, total and phosphorylated tau-CSF, and volumetric magnetic resonance imaging hippocampus biomarkers for criteria evaluation and validation. Early diagnosis is the challenge task that needs to look first at plausible mechanisms of actions behind therapies, and combining them would allow for the development of efficient AD treatment in a near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Leclerc
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Abedelnasser Abulrob
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
- Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Building M-54, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0R6
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