1
|
Kamel MS, Munds RA, Verma MS. The Quest for Immunity: Exploring Human Herpesviruses as Vaccine Vectors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16112. [PMID: 38003300 PMCID: PMC10671728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpesviruses are large DNA viruses that have long been used as powerful gene therapy tools. In recent years, the ability of herpesviruses to stimulate both innate and adaptive immune responses has led to their transition to various applications as vaccine vectors. This vaccinology branch is growing at an unprecedented and accelerated rate. To date, human herpesvirus-based vectors have been used in vaccines to combat a variety of infectious agents, including the Ebola virus, foot and mouth disease virus, and human immunodeficiency viruses. Additionally, these vectors are being tested as potential vaccines for cancer-associated antigens. Thanks to advances in recombinant DNA technology, immunology, and genomics, numerous steps in vaccine development have been greatly improved. A better understanding of herpesvirus biology and the interactions between these viruses and the host cells will undoubtedly foster the use of herpesvirus-based vaccine vectors in clinical settings. To overcome the existing drawbacks of these vectors, ongoing research is needed to further advance our knowledge of herpesvirus biology and to develop safer and more effective vaccine vectors. Advanced molecular virology and cell biology techniques must be used to better understand the mechanisms by which herpesviruses manipulate host cells and how viral gene expression is regulated during infection. In this review, we cover the underlying molecular structure of herpesviruses and the strategies used to engineer their genomes to optimize capacity and efficacy as vaccine vectors. Also, we assess the available data on the successful application of herpesvirus-based vaccines for combating diseases such as viral infections and the potential drawbacks and alternative approaches to surmount them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Kamel
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 11221, Egypt
| | - Rachel A. Munds
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Krishi Inc., West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Mohit S. Verma
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Krishi Inc., West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Asensio-Cob D, Rodríguez JM, Luque D. Rotavirus Particle Disassembly and Assembly In Vivo and In Vitro. Viruses 2023; 15:1750. [PMID: 37632092 PMCID: PMC10458742 DOI: 10.3390/v15081750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotaviruses (RVs) are non-enveloped multilayered dsRNA viruses that are major etiologic agents of diarrheal disease in humans and in the young in a large number of animal species. The viral particle is composed of three different protein layers that enclose the segmented dsRNA genome and the transcriptional complexes. Each layer defines a unique subparticle that is associated with a different phase of the replication cycle. Thus, while single- and double-layered particles are associated with the intracellular processes of selective packaging, genome replication, and transcription, the viral machinery necessary for entry is located in the third layer. This modular nature of its particle allows rotaviruses to control its replication cycle by the disassembly and assembly of its structural proteins. In this review, we examine the significant advances in structural, molecular, and cellular RV biology that have contributed during the last few years to illuminating the intricate details of the RV particle disassembly and assembly processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dunia Asensio-Cob
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada;
| | - Javier M. Rodríguez
- Department of Structure of Macromolecules, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Luque
- Electron Microscopy Unit UCCT/ISCIII, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rotavirus Spike Protein VP4 Mediates Viroplasm Assembly by Association to Actin Filaments. J Virol 2022; 96:e0107422. [PMID: 35938869 PMCID: PMC9472636 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01074-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus (RV) viroplasms are cytosolic inclusions where both virus genome replication and primary steps of virus progeny assembly take place. A stabilized microtubule cytoskeleton and lipid droplets are required for the viroplasm formation, which involves several virus proteins. The viral spike protein VP4 has not previously been shown to have a direct role in viroplasm formation. However, it is involved with virus-cell attachment, endocytic internalization, and virion morphogenesis. Moreover, VP4 interacts with actin cytoskeleton components, mainly in processes involving virus entrance and egress, and thereby may have an indirect role in viroplasm formation. In this study, we used reverse genetics to construct a recombinant RV, rRV/VP4-BAP, that contains a biotin acceptor peptide (BAP) in the K145-G150 loop of the VP4 lectin domain, permitting live monitoring. The recombinant virus was replication competent but showed a reduced fitness. We demonstrate that rRV/VP4-BAP infection, as opposed to rRV/wt infection, did not lead to a reorganized actin cytoskeleton as viroplasms formed were insensitive to drugs that depolymerize actin and inhibit myosin. Moreover, wild-type (wt) VP4, but not VP4-BAP, appeared to associate with actin filaments. Similarly, VP4 in coexpression with NSP5 and NSP2 induced a significant increase in the number of viroplasm-like structures. Interestingly, a small peptide mimicking loop K145-G150 rescued the phenotype of rRV/VP4-BAP by increasing its ability to form viroplasms and hence improve virus progeny formation. Collectively, these results provide a direct link between VP4 and the actin cytoskeleton to catalyze viroplasm assembly. IMPORTANCE The spike protein VP4 participates in diverse steps of the rotavirus (RV) life cycle, including virus-cell attachment, internalization, modulation of endocytosis, virion morphogenesis, and virus egress. Using reverse genetics, we constructed for the first time a recombinant RV, rRV/VP4-BAP, harboring a heterologous peptide in the lectin domain (loop K145-G150) of VP4. The rRV/VP4-BAP was replication competent but with reduced fitness due to a defect in the ability to reorganize the actin cytoskeleton, which affected the efficiency of viroplasm assembly. This defect was rescued by adding a permeable small-peptide mimicking the wild-type VP4 loop K145-G150. In addition to revealing a new role of VP4, our findings suggest that rRV harboring an engineered VP4 could be used as a new dual vaccination platform providing immunity against RV and additional heterologous antigens.
Collapse
|
4
|
Kurokawa N, Lavoie PO, D'Aoust MA, Couture MMJ, Dargis M, Trépanier S, Hoshino S, Koike T, Arai M, Tsutsui N. Development and characterization of a plant-derived rotavirus-like particle vaccine. Vaccine 2021; 39:4979-4987. [PMID: 34325930 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Virus-like particles (VLPs) are unable to replicate in the recipient but stimulate the immune system through recognition of repetitive subunits. Parenterally delivered rotavirus-VLP (Ro-VLP) vaccine could have the potential to overcome the weaknesses of licensed oral live-attenuated rotavirus vaccines, namely, low efficacy in low-income and high mortality settings and a potential risk of intussusception. METHODS A monovalent Ro-VLP composed of viral protein (VP) 7, VP6 and VP2 of G1 genotype specificity was produced in Nicotiana benthamiana using Agrobacterium tumefaciens infiltration-based transient recombinant expression system. Plants expressing recombinant G1 Ro-VLP were harvested, then the resultant biomass was processed through a series of clarification and purification steps including standard extraction, filtration, ultrafiltration and chromatography. The purified G1 Ro-VLP was subsequently examined for its immunogenicity and toxicological profile using animal models. RESULTS G1 Ro-VLP had a purity of ≥90% and was structurally similar to triple-layered rotavirus particles as determined by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. Two doses of aluminum hydroxide-adjuvanted G1 Ro-VLP (1 μg, 5 μg or 30 μg), administered intramuscularly, elicited a robust homotypic neutralizing antibody response in rats. Also, rabbits administered G1 Ro-VLP (10 μg or 30 μg) four times intramuscularly with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant did not show any significant toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Plant-derived Ro-VLP composed of VP7, VP6 and VP2 structural proteins would be a plausible alternative to live-attenuated oral rotavirus vaccines currently distributed worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Kurokawa
- Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 17-10, Nihonbashi-Koamicho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-8405, Japan.
| | | | | | - Manon M-J Couture
- Medicago Inc., 1020 route de l'Église office 600, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Michèle Dargis
- Medicago Inc., 1020 route de l'Église office 600, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sonia Trépanier
- Medicago Inc., 1020 route de l'Église office 600, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Shigeki Hoshino
- Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1000, Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 227-0033, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Koike
- Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Shonan Health Innovation Park, 2-26-1, Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Masaaki Arai
- Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1000, Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 227-0033, Japan
| | - Naohisa Tsutsui
- Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 17-10, Nihonbashi-Koamicho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-8405, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Conserved Rotavirus NSP5 and VP2 Domains Interact and Affect Viroplasm. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.01965-19. [PMID: 31915278 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01965-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
One step of the life cycle common to all rotaviruses (RV) studied so far is the formation of viroplasms, membrane-less cytosolic inclusions providing a microenvironment for early morphogenesis and RNA replication. Viroplasm-like structures (VLS) are simplified viroplasm models consisting of complexes of nonstructural protein 5 (NSP5) with the RV core shell VP2 or NSP2. We identified and characterized the domains required for NSP5-VP2 interaction and VLS formation. VP2 mutations L124A, V865A, and I878A impaired both NSP5 hyperphosphorylation and NSP5/VP2 VLS formation. Moreover, NSP5-VP2 interaction does not depend on NSP5 hyperphosphorylation. The NSP5 tail region is required for VP2 interaction. Notably, VP2 L124A expression acts as a dominant-negative element by disrupting the formation of either VLS or viroplasms and blocking RNA synthesis. In silico analyses revealed that VP2 L124, V865, and I878 are conserved among RV species A to H. Detailed knowledge of the protein interaction interface required for viroplasm formation may facilitate the design of broad-spectrum antivirals to block RV replication.IMPORTANCE Alternative treatments to combat rotavirus infection are a requirement for susceptible communities where vaccines cannot be applied. This demand is urgent for newborn infants, immunocompromised patients, adults traveling to high-risk regions, and even for the livestock industry. Aside from structural and physiological divergences among RV species studied before now, all replicate within cytosolic inclusions termed viroplasms. These inclusions are composed of viral and cellular proteins and viral RNA. Viroplasm-like structures (VLS), composed of RV protein NSP5 with either NSP2 or VP2, are models for investigating viroplasms. In this study, we identified a conserved amino acid in the VP2 protein, L124, necessary for its interaction with NSP5 and the formation of both VLSs and viroplasms. As RV vaccines cover a narrow range of viral strains, the identification of VP2 L124 residue lays the foundations for the design of drugs that specifically block NSP5-VP2 interaction as a broad-spectrum RV antiviral.
Collapse
|
6
|
Hsueh FC, Chang YC, Kao CF, Hsu CW, Chang HW. Intramuscular Immunization with Chemokine-Adjuvanted Inactive Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Induces Substantial Protection in Pigs. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8010102. [PMID: 32102459 PMCID: PMC7157555 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular (IM) immunization is generally considered incapable of generating a protective mucosal immune response. In the swine industry, attempts to develop a safe and protective vaccine for controlling porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) via an IM route of administration have been unsuccessful. In the present study, porcine chemokine ligand proteins CCL25, 27, and 28 were constructed and stably expressed in the mammalian expression system. IM co-administration of inactivated PEDV (iPEDV) particles with different CC chemokines and Freund’s adjuvants resulted in recruiting CCR9+ and/or CCR10+ inflammatory cells to the injection site, thereby inducing superior systemic PEDV specific IgG, fecal IgA, and viral neutralizing antibodies in pigs. Moreover, pigs immunized with iPEDV in combination with CCL25 and CCL28 elicited substantial protection against a virulent PEDV challenge. We show that the porcine CC chemokines could be novel adjuvants for developing IM vaccines for modulating mucosal immune responses against mucosal transmissible pathogens in pigs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chun Hsueh
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (F.-C.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (C.-W.H.)
| | - Yen-Chen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (F.-C.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (C.-W.H.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Fei Kao
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-Wei Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (F.-C.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (C.-W.H.)
| | - Hui-Wen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (F.-C.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (C.-W.H.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-3366-3867
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
HSV-1 Amplicon Vectors as Genetic Vaccines. Methods Mol Biol 2019. [PMID: 31617175 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9814-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
HSV-1 amplicon vectors have been used as platforms for the generation of genetic vaccines against both DNA and RNA viruses. Mice vaccinated with such vectors encoding structural proteins from both foot-and-mouth disease virus and rotavirus were partially protected from challenge with wild-type virus (D'Antuono et al., Vaccine 28:7363-7372, 2010; Laimbacher et al., Mol Ther 20:1810-1820, 2012; Meier et al., Int J Mol Sci 18:431, 2017), indicating that HSV-1 amplicon vectors are attractive tools for the development of complex and safe genetic vaccines.This chapter describes the preparation and testing of HSV-1 amplicon vectors that encode individual or multiple viral structural proteins from a polycistronic transgene cassette. We further put particular emphasis on generating virus-like particles (VLPs) in vector-infected cells. Expression of viral genes is confirmed by Western blot and immune fluorescence analysis and generation of VLPs in vector-infected cells is demonstrated by electron microscopy. Furthermore, examples on how to analyze the immune response in a mouse model and possible challenge experiments are described.
Collapse
|
8
|
Tenorio R, Fernández de Castro I, Knowlton JJ, Zamora PF, Sutherland DM, Risco C, Dermody TS. Function, Architecture, and Biogenesis of Reovirus Replication Neoorganelles. Viruses 2019; 11:v11030288. [PMID: 30901959 PMCID: PMC6466366 DOI: 10.3390/v11030288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Most viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm of host cells form neoorganelles that serve as sites of viral genome replication and particle assembly. These highly specialized structures concentrate viral proteins and nucleic acids, prevent the activation of cell-intrinsic defenses, and coordinate the release of progeny particles. Reoviruses are common pathogens of mammals that have been linked to celiac disease and show promise for oncolytic applications. These viruses form nonenveloped, double-shelled virions that contain ten segments of double-stranded RNA. Replication organelles in reovirus-infected cells are nucleated by viral nonstructural proteins µNS and σNS. Both proteins partition the endoplasmic reticulum to form the matrix of these structures. The resultant membranous webs likely serve to anchor viral RNA⁻protein complexes for the replication of the reovirus genome and the assembly of progeny virions. Ongoing studies of reovirus replication organelles will advance our knowledge about the strategies used by viruses to commandeer host biosynthetic pathways and may expose new targets for therapeutic intervention against diverse families of pathogenic viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Tenorio
- Cell Structure Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology, CNB-CSIC, Cantoblanco Campus, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isabel Fernández de Castro
- Cell Structure Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology, CNB-CSIC, Cantoblanco Campus, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jonathan J Knowlton
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Paula F Zamora
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
| | - Danica M Sutherland
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
| | - Cristina Risco
- Cell Structure Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology, CNB-CSIC, Cantoblanco Campus, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Terence S Dermody
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rota RP, Palacios CA, Temprana CF, Argüelles MH, Mandile MG, Mattion N, Laimbacher AS, Fraefel C, Castello AA, Glikmann G. Evaluation of the immunogenicity of a recombinant HSV-1 vector expressing human group C rotavirus VP6 protein. J Virol Methods 2018; 256:24-31. [PMID: 29496429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Group C Rotavirus (RVC) has been associated globally with sporadic outbreaks of gastroenteritis in children and adults. RVC also infects animals, and interspecies transmission has been reported as well as its zoonotic potential. Considering its genetic diversity and the absence of effective vaccines, it is important and necessary to develop new generation vaccines against RVC for both humans and animals. The aim of the present study was to develop and characterize an HSV-1-based amplicon vector expressing a human RVC-VP6 protein and evaluate the humoral immune response induced after immunizing BALB/c mice. Local fecal samples positive for RVC were used for isolation and sequencing of the vp6 gene, which phylogenetically belongs to the I2 genotype. We show here that cells infected with the HSV[VP6C] amplicon vector efficiently express the VP6 protein, and induced specific anti-RVC antibodies in mice immunized with HSV[VP6C], in a prime-boost schedule. This work highlights that amplicon vectors are an attractive platform for the generation of safe genetic immunogens against RVC, without the addition of external adjuvants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosana P Rota
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Palacios
- Centro de Virología Animal (CEVAN), Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Saladillo 2468, C1440FFX, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Facundo Temprana
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo H Argüelles
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo G Mandile
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nora Mattion
- Centro de Virología Animal (CEVAN), Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Saladillo 2468, C1440FFX, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea S Laimbacher
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cornell Fraefel
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alejandro A Castello
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Graciela Glikmann
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Changotra H, Vij A. Rotavirus virus-like particles (RV-VLPs) vaccines: An update. Rev Med Virol 2017; 27. [DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Harish Changotra
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics; Jaypee University of Information Technology; Solan Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Avni Vij
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics; Jaypee University of Information Technology; Solan Himachal Pradesh India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
In infected cells rotavirus (RV) replicates in viroplasms, cytosolic structures that require a stabilized microtubule (MT) network for their assembly, maintenance of the structure and perinuclear localization. Therefore, we hypothesized that RV could interfere with the MT-breakdown that takes place in mitosis during cell division. Using synchronized RV-permissive cells, we show that RV infection arrests the cell cycle in S/G2 phase, thus favoring replication by improving viroplasms formation, viral protein translation, and viral assembly. The arrest in S/G2 phase is independent of the host or viral strain and relies on active RV replication. RV infection causes cyclin B1 down-regulation, consistent with blocking entry into mitosis. With the aid of chemical inhibitors, the cytoskeleton network was linked to specific signaling pathways of the RV-induced cell cycle arrest. We found that upon RV infection Eg5 kinesin was delocalized from the pericentriolar region to the viroplasms. We used a MA104-Fucci system to identify three RV proteins (NSP3, NSP5, and VP2) involved in cell cycle arrest in the S-phase. Our data indicate that there is a strong correlation between the cell cycle arrest and RV replication.
Collapse
|
12
|
Meier AF, Suter M, Schraner EM, Humbel BM, Tobler K, Ackermann M, Laimbacher AS. Transfer of Anti-Rotavirus Antibodies during Pregnancy and in Milk Following Maternal Vaccination with a Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Amplicon Vector. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E431. [PMID: 28212334 PMCID: PMC5343965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotaviruses (RVs) are important enteric pathogens of newborn humans and animals, causing diarrhea and in rare cases death, especially in very young individuals. Rotavirus vaccines presently used are modified live vaccines that lack complete biological safety. Previous work from our laboratory suggested that vaccines based on in situ produced, non-infectious rotavirus-like particles (RVLPs) are efficient while being entirely safe. However, using either vaccine, active mucosal immunization cannot induce protective immunity in newborns due to their immature immune system. We therefore hypothesized that offspring from vaccinated dams are passively immunized either by transfer of maternal antibodies during pregnancy or by taking up antibodies from milk. Using a codon optimized polycistronic gene expression cassette packaged into herpesvirus particles, the simultaneous expression of the RV capsid genes led to the intracellular formation of RVLPs in various cell lines. Vaccinated dams developed a strong RV specific IgG antibody response determined in sera and milk of both mother and pups. Moreover, sera of naïve pups nursed by vaccinated dams also had RV specific antibodies suggesting a lactogenic transfer of antibodies. Although full protection of pups was not achieved in this mouse model, our observations are important for the development of improved vaccines against RV in humans as well as in various animal species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita F Meier
- Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Mark Suter
- Immunology Division, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Elisabeth M Schraner
- Institutes of Veterinary Anatomy and Virology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Bruno M Humbel
- Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Kurt Tobler
- Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Mathias Ackermann
- Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Andrea S Laimbacher
- Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Meier AF, Laimbacher AS, Ackermann M. Polycistronic Herpesvirus Amplicon Vectors for Veterinary Vaccine Development. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1349:201-24. [PMID: 26458838 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3008-1_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Heterologous virus-vectored vaccines, particularly those based on canarypox virus vectors, have established a firm place in preventive veterinary medicine. However, herpesvirus-based vaccines have paved the way for DIVA vaccines (discrimination of infected against vaccinated animals), which are particularly desirable for highly contagious livestock diseases that are otherwise combatted by culling of infected animals.In this chapter, we describe the design, the preparation, and the testing of a polycistronic herpesvirus amplicon vaccine against rotaviruses with a particular emphasis on generating heterologous virus-like particles for immunization. After the design, the procedure consists of three steps, first, transient expression of the construct in cell cultures, second, expression and antibody response in a mouse model, and third, application of the system to the desired host species. As a whole, the present information will facilitate the design of novel vaccines of veterinary interest from the designing process until pre-licensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Felicitas Meier
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Sara Laimbacher
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Ackermann
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Construction of recombinant pseudorabies viruses by using PRV BACs deficient in IE180 or pac sequences: Application of vBAC90D recombinant virus to production of PRV amplicons. Virus Res 2016; 213:274-282. [PMID: 26756577 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe a simple and efficient method to obtain recombinant pseudorabies virus (PRV) in mammalian cells by using the PRV BACs, PBAC80 deficient in pac sequences and PBAC90 deficient in the IE180 gene. These essential viral sequences were used as targets to obtain viable recombinant viruses. PBAC80 was constructed, confirmed to encode a copy of the IE180 gene regulated by the inducible Ptet promoter, and used to obtain recombinant attenuated PRV viruses that express the EGFP protein (PRV-BT80GF virus). PBAC90 was used to obtain the vBAC90D virus, deficient in IE180 and free of replication-competent revertants, and which can be used as a helper in the production of PRV amplicons.
Collapse
|
15
|
Deng S, Martin C, Patil R, Zhu F, Zhao B, Xiang Z, He Y. Vaxvec: The first web-based recombinant vaccine vector database and its data analysis. Vaccine 2015; 33:6938-46. [PMID: 26403370 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.07.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A recombinant vector vaccine uses an attenuated virus, bacterium, or parasite as the carrier to express a heterologous antigen(s). Many recombinant vaccine vectors and related vaccines have been developed and extensively investigated. To compare and better understand recombinant vectors and vaccines, we have generated Vaxvec (http://www.violinet.org/vaxvec), the first web-based database that stores various recombinant vaccine vectors and those experimentally verified vaccines that use these vectors. Vaxvec has now included 59 vaccine vectors that have been used in 196 recombinant vector vaccines against 66 pathogens and cancers. These vectors are classified to 41 viral vectors, 15 bacterial vectors, 1 parasitic vector, and 1 fungal vector. The most commonly used viral vaccine vectors are double-stranded DNA viruses, including herpesviruses, adenoviruses, and poxviruses. For example, Vaxvec includes 63 poxvirus-based recombinant vaccines for over 20 pathogens and cancers. Vaxvec collects 30 recombinant vector influenza vaccines that use 17 recombinant vectors and were experimentally tested in 7 animal models. In addition, over 60 protective antigens used in recombinant vector vaccines are annotated and analyzed. User-friendly web-interfaces are available for querying various data in Vaxvec. To support data exchange, the information of vaccine vectors, vaccines, and related information is stored in the Vaccine Ontology (VO). Vaxvec is a timely and vital source of vaccine vector database and facilitates efficient vaccine vector research and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunzhou Deng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Carly Martin
- College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rasika Patil
- College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Felix Zhu
- College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Bin Zhao
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; School of Information, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zuoshuang Xiang
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yongqun He
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Center for Computational Medicine and Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tekewe A, Connors NK, Sainsbury F, Wibowo N, Lua LH, Middelberg AP. A rapid and simple screening method to identify conditions for enhanced stability of modular vaccine candidates. Biochem Eng J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
17
|
Palacios CA, Claus J, Mattion N. Rotavirus VP6 protein expressed in cell culture by HSV-1-based vectors. Rev Argent Microbiol 2015; 47:80-1. [PMID: 25749527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Palacios
- Centro de Virología Animal, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. Cesar Milstein, CONICET, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Juan Claus
- Laboratorio de Virología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Nora Mattion
- Centro de Virología Animal, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. Cesar Milstein, CONICET, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Palacios C, Torioni de Echaide S, Mattion N. Evaluation of the immune response to Anaplasma marginale MSP5 protein using a HSV-1 amplicon vector system or recombinant protein. Res Vet Sci 2014; 97:514-20. [PMID: 25458492 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Anaplasma marginale is an intraerythrocytic vector-borne infectious agent of cattle. Immunization with the current vaccine, based on parasitized erythrocytes with live Anaplasma centrale, shows some constraints and confers partial protection, suggesting the feasibility for the development of new generation of vaccines. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of sequential immunization of BALB/c mice, with herpesvirus amplicon vector-based vaccines combined with protein-based vaccines, on the quality of the immune response against the major surface protein 5 of A. marginale. The highest antibody titers against MSP5 were elicited in mice that received two doses of adjuvanted recombinant protein (p < 0.0001). Mice treated with a heterologous prime-boost strategy generated sustained antibody titers at least up to 200 days, and a higher specific cellular response. The results presented here showed that sequential immunization with HSV-based vectors and purified antigen enhances the quality of the immune response against A. marginale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Palacios
- Centro de Virología Animal, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. Cesar Milstein, CONICET, Saladillo 2468, C1440FFX, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana Torioni de Echaide
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela, Ruta 34 Km 227, CP 2300, Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Nora Mattion
- Centro de Virología Animal, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. Cesar Milstein, CONICET, Saladillo 2468, C1440FFX, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rodríguez-Limas WA, Pastor AR, Esquivel-Soto E, Esquivel-Guadarrama F, Ramírez OT, Palomares LA. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of yeast extracts containing rotavirus-like particles: A potential veterinary vaccine. Vaccine 2014; 32:2794-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
20
|
Abstract
HSV-1 amplicon vectors have been used as platforms for the generation of genetic vaccines against both DNA and RNA viruses. Mice vaccinated with such vectors encoding structural proteins from both foot-and-mouth disease virus and rotavirus were partially protected from challenge with wild-type virus (D'Antuono et al. Vaccine 28: 7363-7372, 2010; Laimbacher et al. Mol Ther 20: 1810-1820, 2012), indicating that HSV-1 amplicon vectors are attractive tools for the development of complex and safe genetic vaccines. This chapter describes the use of HSV-1 amplicon vectors that encode individual or multiple viral structural proteins from a polycistronic transgene cassette in mammalian cells. More precisely, amplicon vectors that encode multiple structural viral proteins support the in situ production of viruslike particles (VLPs) in vector-infected cells. The expression of the viral genes is confirmed by Western blot and immune fluorescence analysis, and the generation of VLPs in vector-infected cells is demonstrated by electron microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S Laimbacher
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Esteban LE, Temprana CF, Argüelles MH, Glikmann G, Castello AA. Antigenicity and immunogenicity of rotavirus VP6 protein expressed on the surface of Lactococcus lactis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:298598. [PMID: 23984337 PMCID: PMC3741945 DOI: 10.1155/2013/298598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Group A rotaviruses are the major etiologic agents of acute gastroenteritis worldwide in children and young animals. Among its structural proteins, VP6 is the most immunogenic and is highly conserved within this group. Lactococcus lactis is a food-grade, Gram-positive, and nonpathogenic lactic acid bacteria that has already been explored as a mucosal delivery system of heterologous antigens. In this work, the nisin-controlled expression system was used to display the VP6 protein at the cell surface of L. lactis. Conditions for optimal gene expression were established by testing different nisin concentrations, cell density at induction, and incubation times after induction. Cytoplasmic and cell wall protein extracts were analyzed by Western blot and surface expression was confirmed by flow cytometry. Both analysis provided evidence that VP6 was efficiently expressed and displayed on the cell surface of L. lactis. Furthermore, the humoral response of mice immunized with recombinant L. lactis was evaluated and the displayed recombinant VP6 protein proved to be immunogenic. In conclusion, this is the first report of displaying VP6 protein on the surface of L. lactis to induce a specific immune response against rotavirus. These results provide the basis for further evaluation of this VP6-displaying L. lactis as a mucosal delivery vector in a mouse model of rotavirus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. E. Esteban
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología (LIV), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, B1876BXD Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C. F. Temprana
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología (LIV), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, B1876BXD Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. H. Argüelles
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología (LIV), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, B1876BXD Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G. Glikmann
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología (LIV), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, B1876BXD Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A. A. Castello
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología (LIV), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, B1876BXD Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Eichwald C, Arnoldi F, Laimbacher AS, Schraner EM, Fraefel C, Wild P, Burrone OR, Ackermann M. Rotavirus viroplasm fusion and perinuclear localization are dynamic processes requiring stabilized microtubules. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47947. [PMID: 23110139 PMCID: PMC3479128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus viroplasms are cytosolic, electron-dense inclusions corresponding to the viral machinery of replication responsible for viral template transcription, dsRNA genome segments replication and assembly of new viral cores. We have previously observed that, over time, those viroplasms increase in size and decrease in number. Therefore, we hypothesized that this process was dependent on the cellular microtubular network and its associated dynamic components. Here, we present evidence demonstrating that viroplasms are dynamic structures, which, in the course of an ongoing infection, move towards the perinuclear region of the cell, where they fuse among each other, thereby gaining considerably in size and, simultaneouly, explaining the decrease in numbers. On the viral side, this process seems to depend on VP2 for movement and on NSP2 for fusion. On the cellular side, both the temporal transition and the maintenance of the viroplasms are dependent on the microtubular network, its stabilization by acetylation, and, surprisingly, on a kinesin motor of the kinesin-5 family, Eg5. Thus, we provide for the first time deeper insights into the dynamics of rotavirus replication, which can explain the behavior of viroplasms in the infected cell.
Collapse
|