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Gujar S, Pol JG, Kumar V, Lizarralde-Guerrero M, Konda P, Kroemer G, Bell JC. Tutorial: design, production and testing of oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy. Nat Protoc 2024; 19:2540-2570. [PMID: 38769145 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-024-00985-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent a novel class of cancer immunotherapy agents that preferentially infect and kill cancer cells and promote protective antitumor immunity. Furthermore, OVs can be used in combination with established or upcoming immunotherapeutic agents, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors, to efficiently target a wide range of malignancies. The development of OV-based therapy involves three major steps before clinical evaluation: design, production and preclinical testing. OVs can be designed as natural or engineered strains and subsequently selected for their ability to kill a broad spectrum of cancer cells rather than normal, healthy cells. OV selection is further influenced by multiple factors, such as the availability of a specific viral platform, cancer cell permissivity, the need for genetic engineering to render the virus non-pathogenic and/or more effective and logistical considerations around the use of OVs within the laboratory or clinical setting. Selected OVs are then produced and tested for their anticancer potential by using syngeneic, xenograft or humanized preclinical models wherein immunocompromised and immunocompetent setups are used to elucidate their direct oncolytic ability as well as indirect immunotherapeutic potential in vivo. Finally, OVs demonstrating the desired anticancer potential progress toward translation in patients with cancer. This tutorial provides guidelines for the design, production and preclinical testing of OVs, emphasizing considerations specific to OV technology that determine their clinical utility as cancer immunotherapy agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Gujar
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Jonathan G Pol
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMICCa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Vishnupriyan Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Manuela Lizarralde-Guerrero
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMICCa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Prathyusha Konda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guido Kroemer
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMICCa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.
| | - John C Bell
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Mishra S, Yadav MD. Magnetic Nanoparticles: A Comprehensive Review from Synthesis to Biomedical Frontiers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:17239-17269. [PMID: 39132737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has opened new doors of exploration, particularly in materials science and healthcare. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP), the tiny magnets, because of their various properties, have the potential to bring about radical changes in the field of medicine. The distinctive surface chemistry, nontoxicity, biocompatibility, and, in particular, the inducible magnetic moment of magnetic materials has attracted a great deal of interest in morphological structures from a variety of scientific domains. This review presents a concise overview of MNPs and their crucial properties and synthesis routes. It also aims to highlight the continuous synthesis methods available for MNP production. In recent years, the use of computational methods for understanding the behavior of nanoparticles has been on the rise. Thus, we also discuss the numerical models developed to understand how magnetic nanoparticles can be used in magnetic hyperthermia and targeting the Circle of Wilis. With the increasing use of MNPs in biomedical applications, it becomes necessary to understand the mechanisms of toxicity, which are elucidated in this review. The review focuses on the biomedical applications of MNPs in drug delivery, theranostics, and MRI contrasting agents. We anticipate that this article will broaden the perspective on magnetic nanoparticles and help to understand their functionality and applicability better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlok Mishra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Manishkumar D Yadav
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
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Dymova MA, Malysheva DO, Popova VK, Dmitrienko EV, Endutkin AV, Drokov DV, Mukhanov VS, Byvakina AA, Kochneva GV, Artyushenko PV, Shchugoreva IA, Rogova AV, Tomilin FN, Kichkailo AS, Richter VA, Kuligina EV. Characterizing Aptamer Interaction with the Oncolytic Virus VV-GMCSF-Lact. Molecules 2024; 29:848. [PMID: 38398600 PMCID: PMC10892425 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aptamers are currently being investigated for their potential to improve virotherapy. They offer several advantages, including the ability to prevent the aggregation of viral particles, enhance target specificity, and protect against the neutralizing effects of antibodies. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively investigate an aptamer capable of enhancing virotherapy. This involved characterizing the previously selected aptamer for vaccinia virus (VACV), evaluating the aggregation and molecular interaction of the optimized aptamers with the recombinant oncolytic virus VV-GMCSF-Lact, and estimating their immunoshielding properties in the presence of human blood serum. We chose one optimized aptamer, NV14t_56, with the highest affinity to the virus from the pool of several truncated aptamers and built its 3D model. The NV14t_56 remained stable in human blood serum for 1 h and bound to VV-GMCSF-Lact in the micromolar range (Kd ≈ 0.35 μM). Based on dynamic light scattering data, it has been demonstrated that aptamers surround viral particles and inhibit aggregate formation. In the presence of serum, the hydrodynamic diameter (by intensity) of the aptamer-virus complex did not change. Microscale thermophoresis (MST) experiments showed that NV14t_56 binds with virus (EC50 = 1.487 × 109 PFU/mL). The analysis of the amplitudes of MST curves reveals that the components of the serum bind to the aptamer-virus complex without disrupting it. In vitro experiments demonstrated the efficacy of VV-GMCSF-Lact in conjunction with the aptamer when exposed to human blood serum in the absence of neutralizing antibodies (Nabs). Thus, NV14t_56 has the ability to inhibit virus aggregation, allowing VV-GMCSF-Lact to maintain its effectiveness throughout the storage period and subsequent use. When employing aptamers as protective agents for oncolytic viruses, the presence of neutralizing antibodies should be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya A. Dymova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Daria O. Malysheva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 1, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Victoria K. Popova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Elena V. Dmitrienko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Anton V. Endutkin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Danil V. Drokov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 1, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir S. Mukhanov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 1, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Arina A. Byvakina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 1, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Galina V. Kochneva
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia;
| | - Polina V. Artyushenko
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky, Partizana Zheleznyaka str. 1, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (P.V.A.); (I.A.S.); (A.V.R.); (A.S.K.)
- Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 50 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Irina A. Shchugoreva
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky, Partizana Zheleznyaka str. 1, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (P.V.A.); (I.A.S.); (A.V.R.); (A.S.K.)
- Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 50 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Anastasia V. Rogova
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky, Partizana Zheleznyaka str. 1, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (P.V.A.); (I.A.S.); (A.V.R.); (A.S.K.)
- Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 50 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Felix N. Tomilin
- Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 50 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, 50/38 Akademgorodok, 660012 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Anna S. Kichkailo
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky, Partizana Zheleznyaka str. 1, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (P.V.A.); (I.A.S.); (A.V.R.); (A.S.K.)
- Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 50 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Vladimir A. Richter
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Elena V. Kuligina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
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Aptamers Enhance Oncolytic Viruses' Antitumor Efficacy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010151. [PMID: 36678780 PMCID: PMC9864469 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses are highly promising for cancer treatment because they target and lyse tumor cells. These genetically engineered vectors introduce therapeutic or immunostimulatory genes into the tumor. However, viral therapy is not always safe and effective. Several problems are related to oncolytic viruses' targeted delivery to the tumor and immune system neutralization in the bloodstream. Cryoprotection and preventing viral particles from aggregating during storage are other critical issues. Aptamers, short RNA, or DNA oligonucleotides may help to crawl through this bottleneck. They are not immunogenic, are easily synthesized, can be chemically modified, and are not very demanding in storage conditions. It is possible to select an aptamer that specifically binds to any target cell, oncolytic virus, or molecule using the SELEX technology. This review comprehensively highlights the most important research and methodological approaches related to oncolytic viruses and nucleic acid aptamers. Here, we also analyze possible future research directions for combining these two methodologies to improve the effectiveness of cancer virotherapy.
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Vorobjeva IV, Zhirnov OP. Modern approaches to treating cancer with oncolytic viruses. MICROBIOLOGY INDEPENDENT RESEARCH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.18527/2500-2236-2022-9-1-91-112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. This serves as a powerful incentive to search for new effective cancer treatments. Development of new oncolytic viruses capable of selectively destroying cancer cells is one of the modern approaches to cancer treatment. The advantage of this method – the selective lysis of tumor cells with the help of viruses – leads to an increase in the antitumor immune response of the body, that in turn promotes the destruction of the primary tumor and its metastases. Significant progress in development of this method has been achieved in the last decade. In this review we analyze the literature data on families of oncolytic viruses that have demonstrated a positive therapeutic effect against malignant neoplasms in various localizations. We discuss the main mechanisms of the oncolytic action of viruses and assess their advantages over other methods of cancer therapy as well as the prospects for their use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. V. Vorobjeva
- N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, D. I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology
| | - O. P. Zhirnov
- N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, D. I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology; The Russian-German Academy of Medical and Biotechnological Sciences
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Liu X, Wang Y, Wu J, Qi J, Zeng Z, Wan Q, Chen Z, Manandhar P, Cavener VS, Boyle NR, Fu X, Salazar E, Kuchipudi SV, Kapur V, Zhang X, Umetani M, Sen M, Willson RC, Chen S, Zu Y. Neutralizing Aptamers Block S/RBD-ACE2 Interactions and Prevent Host Cell Infection. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 133:10361-10366. [PMID: 34230707 PMCID: PMC8250357 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike (S) protein plays a central role in mediating the first step of virus infection to cause disease: virus binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors on human host cells. Therefore, S/RBD is an ideal target for blocking and neutralization therapies to prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Using a target-based selection approach, we developed oligonucleotide aptamers containing a conserved sequence motif that specifically targets S/RBD. Synthetic aptamers had high binding affinity for S/RBD-coated virus mimics (K D≈7 nM) and also blocked interaction of S/RBD with ACE2 receptors (IC50≈5 nM). Importantly, aptamers were able to neutralize S protein-expressing viral particles and prevent host cell infection, suggesting a promising COVID-19 therapy strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Yi‐ling Wang
- Center for Immunotherapy ResearchHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Jacky Wu
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and Center for Nuclear Receptor and Cell SignallingUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | - Jianjun Qi
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Zihua Zeng
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Quanyuan Wan
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Zhenghu Chen
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Pragya Manandhar
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | - Victoria S. Cavener
- Animal Diagnostic LaboratoryDept. of Veterinary and Biomedical SciencesHuck Institutes of Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Nina R. Boyle
- Animal Diagnostic LaboratoryDept. of Veterinary and Biomedical SciencesHuck Institutes of Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Xinping Fu
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and Center for Nuclear Receptor and Cell SignallingUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | - Eric Salazar
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Suresh V. Kuchipudi
- Animal Diagnostic LaboratoryDept. of Veterinary and Biomedical SciencesHuck Institutes of Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Vivek Kapur
- Dept. of Animal Science and Huck Institutes of Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Xiaoliu Zhang
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and Center for Nuclear Receptor and Cell SignallingUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | - Michihisa Umetani
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and Center for Nuclear Receptor and Cell SignallingUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | - Mehmet Sen
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | - Richard C. Willson
- Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | - Shu‐hsia Chen
- Center for Immunotherapy ResearchHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Youli Zu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX77030USA
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Liu X, Wang Y, Wu J, Qi J, Zeng Z, Wan Q, Chen Z, Manandhar P, Cavener VS, Boyle NR, Fu X, Salazar E, Kuchipudi SV, Kapur V, Zhang X, Umetani M, Sen M, Willson RC, Chen S, Zu Y. Neutralizing Aptamers Block S/RBD-ACE2 Interactions and Prevent Host Cell Infection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:10273-10278. [PMID: 33684258 PMCID: PMC8250721 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike (S) protein plays a central role in mediating the first step of virus infection to cause disease: virus binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors on human host cells. Therefore, S/RBD is an ideal target for blocking and neutralization therapies to prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Using a target-based selection approach, we developed oligonucleotide aptamers containing a conserved sequence motif that specifically targets S/RBD. Synthetic aptamers had high binding affinity for S/RBD-coated virus mimics (KD ≈7 nM) and also blocked interaction of S/RBD with ACE2 receptors (IC50 ≈5 nM). Importantly, aptamers were able to neutralize S protein-expressing viral particles and prevent host cell infection, suggesting a promising COVID-19 therapy strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Yi‐ling Wang
- Center for Immunotherapy ResearchHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Jacky Wu
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and Center for Nuclear Receptor and Cell SignallingUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | - Jianjun Qi
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Zihua Zeng
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Quanyuan Wan
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Zhenghu Chen
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Pragya Manandhar
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | - Victoria S. Cavener
- Animal Diagnostic LaboratoryDept. of Veterinary and Biomedical SciencesHuck Institutes of Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Nina R. Boyle
- Animal Diagnostic LaboratoryDept. of Veterinary and Biomedical SciencesHuck Institutes of Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Xinping Fu
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and Center for Nuclear Receptor and Cell SignallingUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | - Eric Salazar
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Suresh V. Kuchipudi
- Animal Diagnostic LaboratoryDept. of Veterinary and Biomedical SciencesHuck Institutes of Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Vivek Kapur
- Dept. of Animal Science and Huck Institutes of Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Xiaoliu Zhang
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and Center for Nuclear Receptor and Cell SignallingUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | - Michihisa Umetani
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and Center for Nuclear Receptor and Cell SignallingUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | - Mehmet Sen
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | - Richard C. Willson
- Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | - Shu‐hsia Chen
- Center for Immunotherapy ResearchHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Youli Zu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX77030USA
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Tang X, Cao J, Zhang J, Xing J, Sheng X, Zhan W. Development of monoclonal antibody against glycoprotein of hirame novirhabdovirus (HIRRV) with virus neutralizing activity. Microb Pathog 2021; 154:104868. [PMID: 33771630 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Hirame rhabdovirus (HIRRV) is one of the most important viruses of fish, posing a great threat to the fish industry in Asia and Europe. The glycoprotein (G) of HIRRV is known to play important roles in virus attachment and entry, making it an ideal target for both diagnosis and therapy. In this study, a truncated G of HIRRV was expressed as a fusion protein in Escherichia coli. Using the recombinant G protein (rG), monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were prepared by the hybridoma technology. Subsequently, positive clones were screened by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and further characterized by Western blot and immunofluorescence assay (IFA). ELISA results showed that two mAbs (3E5 and 4D10) could react with the rG, as well as the purified HIRRV. Western blot analysis showed that the mAbs belong to the IgG isotype and could recognize a 60 kDa viral protein, which is consistent with the molecular weight of G protein and determined to be the G protein of HIRRV by mass spectrometry. The virions in HIRRV-infected EPC could also be recognized by two mAbs in IFA. Moreover, neutralization assay showed that mAb 4D10 could significantly inhibit the proliferation of HIRRV and delay the development of cytopathic effect in viral-infected EPC cells, and in vivo neutralization assay also showed that mAb 4D10 could significantly reduce the mortality of HIRRV-infected flounder, indicating that mAb 4D10 can partially neutralize the HIRRV infection. Western blot analysis showed that mAb 4D10 could specifically bind the C-terminal domain of HIRRV-G protein. These results demonstrated that the produced mAbs could specifically recognize the G protein of HIRRV and displayed virus-neutralizing activity in vitro and in vivo, which could serve as effective detection probes and potential neutralizing antibodies for HIRRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLM, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No.1 Wenhai Road, Aoshanwei Town, Jimo, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLM, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Jialin Zhang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLM, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLM, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No.1 Wenhai Road, Aoshanwei Town, Jimo, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiuzhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLM, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLM, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No.1 Wenhai Road, Aoshanwei Town, Jimo, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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9
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Bognár Z, Gyurcsányi RE. Aptamers against Immunoglobulins: Design, Selection and Bioanalytical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5748. [PMID: 32796581 PMCID: PMC7461046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid aptamers show clear promise as diagnostic reagents, as highly specific strands were reported against a large variety of biomarkers. They have appealing benefits in terms of reproducible generation by chemical synthesis, controlled modification with labels and functionalities providing versatile means for detection and oriented immobilization, as along with high biochemical and temperature resistance. Aptamers against immunoglobulin targets-IgA, IgM, IgG and IgE-have a clear niche for diagnostic applications, therefore numerous aptamers have been selected and used in combination with a variety of detection techniques. The aim of this review is to overview and evaluate aptamers selected for the recognition of antibodies, in terms of their design, analytical properties and diagnostic applications. Aptamer candidates showed convincing performance among others to identify stress and upper respiratory tract infection through SIgA detection, for cancer cell recognition using membrane bound IgM, to detect and treat hemolytic transfusion reactions, autoimmune diseases with IgG and detection of IgE for allergy diseases. However, in general, their use still lags significantly behind what their claimed benefits and the plethora of application opportunities would forecast.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Róbert E. Gyurcsányi
- BME “Lendület” Chemical Nanosensors Research Group, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary;
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10
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Aptamers Increase Biocompatibility and Reduce the Toxicity of Magnetic Nanoparticles Used in Biomedicine. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8030059. [PMID: 32183370 PMCID: PMC7148517 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8030059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aptamer-based approaches are very promising tools in nanomedicine. These small single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules are often used for the effective delivery and increasing biocompatibility of various therapeutic agents. Recently, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have begun to be successfully applied in various fields of biomedicine. The use of MNPs is limited by their potential toxicity, which depends on their biocompatibility. The functionalization of MNPs by ligands increases biocompatibility by changing the charge and shape of MNPs, preventing opsonization, increasing the circulation time of MNPs in the blood, thus shielding iron ions and leading to the accumulation of MNPs only in the necessary organs. Among various ligands, aptamers, which are synthetic analogs of antibodies, turned out to be the most promising for the functionalization of MNPs. This review describes the factors that determine MNPs’ biocompatibility and affect their circulation time in the bloodstream, biodistribution in organs and tissues, and biodegradation. The work also covers the role of the aptamers in increasing MNPs’ biocompatibility and reducing toxicity.
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11
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Jayawardena N, Poirier JT, Burga LN, Bostina M. Virus-Receptor Interactions and Virus Neutralization: Insights for Oncolytic Virus Development. Oncolytic Virother 2020; 9:1-15. [PMID: 32185149 PMCID: PMC7064293 DOI: 10.2147/ov.s186337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are replication competent agents that selectively target cancer cells. After penetrating the tumor cell, viruses replicate and eventually trigger cell lysis, releasing the new viral progeny, which at their turn will attack and kill neighbouring cells. The ability of OVs to self-amplify within the tumor while sparing normal cells can provide several advantages including the capacity to encode and locally produce therapeutic protein payloads, and to prime the host immune system. OVs targeting of cancer cells is mediated by host factors that are differentially expressed between normal tissue and tumors, including viral receptors and internalization factors. In this review article, we will discuss the evolution of oncolytic viruses that have reached the stage of clinical trials, their mechanisms of oncolysis, cellular receptors, strategies for targeting cancers, viral neutralization and developments to bypass virus neutralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadishka Jayawardena
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - John T Poirier
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura N Burga
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Mihnea Bostina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Otago Micro and Nano Imaging, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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12
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Kolovskaya OS, Zamay TN, Zamay GS, Babkin VA, Medvedeva EN, Neverova NA, Kirichenko AK, Zamay SS, Lapin IN, Morozov EV, Sokolov AE, Narodov AA, Fedorov DG, Tomilin FN, Zabluda VN, Alekhina Y, Lukyanenko KA, Glazyrin YE, Svetlichnyi VA, Berezovski MV, Kichkailo AS. Aptamer-Conjugated Superparamagnetic Ferroarabinogalactan Nanoparticles for Targeted Magnetodynamic Therapy of Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010216. [PMID: 31952299 PMCID: PMC7017168 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnologies involving physical methods of tumor destruction using functional oligonucleotides are promising for targeted cancer therapy. Our study presents magnetodynamic therapy for selective elimination of tumor cells in vivo using DNA aptamer-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles exposed to a low frequency alternating magnetic field. We developed an enhanced targeting approach of cancer cells with aptamers and arabinogalactan. Aptamers to fibronectin (AS-14) and heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein (AS-42) facilitated the delivery of the nanoparticles to Ehrlich carcinoma cells, and arabinogalactan (AG) promoted internalization through asialoglycoprotein receptors. Specific delivery of the aptamer-modified FeAG nanoparticles to the tumor site was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). After the following treatment with a low frequency alternating magnetic field, AS-FeAG caused cancer cell death in vitro and tumor reduction in vivo. Histological analyses showed mechanical disruption of tumor tissues, total necrosis, cell lysis, and disruption of the extracellular matrix. The enhanced targeted magnetic theranostics with the aptamer conjugated superparamagnetic ferroarabinogalactans opens up a new venue for making biocompatible contrasting agents for MRI imaging and performing non-invasive anti-cancer therapies with a deep penetrated magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga S Kolovskaya
- Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenecki, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Tatiana N Zamay
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenecki, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Galina S Zamay
- Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenecki, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Vasily A Babkin
- Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry named after A.E. Favorsky, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Elena N Medvedeva
- Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry named after A.E. Favorsky, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda A Neverova
- Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry named after A.E. Favorsky, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Andrey K Kirichenko
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenecki, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Sergey S Zamay
- Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- L.V. Kirensky Institute of Physics SB RAS-The Branch of Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Ivan N Lapin
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgeny V Morozov
- L.V. Kirensky Institute of Physics SB RAS-The Branch of Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology SB RAS-The Branch of Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Alexey E Sokolov
- L.V. Kirensky Institute of Physics SB RAS-The Branch of Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- School of Engineering Physics and Radio Electronics, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Andrey A Narodov
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenecki, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Dmitri G Fedorov
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD-FMat), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Felix N Tomilin
- Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- L.V. Kirensky Institute of Physics SB RAS-The Branch of Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- School of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Zabluda
- L.V. Kirensky Institute of Physics SB RAS-The Branch of Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Yulia Alekhina
- Faculty of Physics, Department of Magnetism, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill A Lukyanenko
- Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenecki, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Yury E Glazyrin
- Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenecki, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Valery A Svetlichnyi
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Maxim V Berezovski
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Anna S Kichkailo
- Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenecki, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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Guerrero-Fonseca CA, López-Baquero MA, Bedoya-Rodríguez AA. Virus oncolíticos: un arma contra el cáncer. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2019. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v67n2.68347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción. Los virus oncolíticos son virus atenuados, mutados o que por naturaleza se dirigen y matan específicamente células tumorales, sin afectar a las células normales. La administración intratumoral del virus ofrece la oportunidad de tratar el tumor primario pero no focos metastásicos, los cuales pueden ser alcanzados mediante la administración intravenosa. Sin embargo, su eficiencia puede disminuir por la presencia de una respuesta inmunológica preexistente en los sujetos tratados.Objetivo. Exponer las técnicas utilizadas para envolver y transportar los virus con el fin de eludir el sistema inmunológico antes de que el virus llegue al tumor.Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda narrativa de la literatura original y de revisión en las bases de datos PubMed, JSTOR y EBSCO sobre métodos o técnicas utilizadas para el tratamiento del cáncer mediante el uso de virus oncolíticos.Resultados. La formación de nanocomplejos entre los virus oncolíticos y biopolímeros —ya sea mediante la unión química o mediante la unión a través de interacciones electrostáticas o el uso de micropartículas, células transportadoras, liposomas, ultrasonido o terapias combinadas– es eficaz para evitar la respuesta inmunológica del huésped contra el virus.Conclusión. Para evitar la respuesta inmunológica del huésped contra los virus oncolíticos se han desarrollo diversos métodos que permiten la liberación controlada y especifica de los mismos. Sin embargo, debido a la diversidad de los virus, se debe tener en cuenta que la eficacia de los métodos de protección y transporte depende de las características bioquímicas tanto del biomaterial como del virus.
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Xu C, Goß AV, Dorneburg C, Debatin KM, Wei J, Beltinger C. Proof-of-principle that a decoy virus protects oncolytic measles virus against neutralizing antibodies. Oncolytic Virother 2018; 7:37-41. [PMID: 29750140 PMCID: PMC5933358 DOI: 10.2147/ov.s150637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Attenuated oncolytic measles virus (OMV) is a promising antitumor agent in early-phase clinical trials. However, pre-existing immunity against measles might be a hurdle for OMV therapy. Methods OMV was inactivated with short-wavelength ultraviolet light (UV-C). Loss of replication and oncolytic activity of UV-inactivated OMV were confirmed by tissue culture infective dose 50 (TCID50) assay using Vero cells and by flow cytometry using Jurkat cells. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to verify that UV-inactivated OMV remained antigenic. Different doses of UV-inactivated OMV were pre-cultured in media supplemented with measles immune serum. The mixture was transferred to Jurkat cells and active OMV was added. Active OMV-induced death of Jurkat cells was monitored by flow cytometry. Results UV-inactivation abrogates OMV replication while maintaining its antigenicity. UV-inactivated OMV sequesters pre-existing anti-MV antibodies in Jurkat cell culture, thereby protecting active OMV from neutralization and preserving oncolytic activity. Conclusion We prove the principle that a non-replicating OMV can serve as a “decoy” for neutralizing anti-MV antibodies, thereby allowing antitumor activity of OMV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Xu
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Section of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, China
| | - Annika Verena Goß
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Section of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Carmen Dorneburg
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Section of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Section of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jiwu Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, China
| | - Christian Beltinger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Section of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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15
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Felt SA, Grdzelishvili VZ. Recent advances in vesicular stomatitis virus-based oncolytic virotherapy: a 5-year update. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:2895-2911. [PMID: 29143726 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy is an anti-cancer approach that uses viruses that preferentially infect, replicate in and kill cancer cells. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV, a rhabdovirus) is an OV that is currently being tested in the USA in several phase I clinical trials against different malignancies. Several factors make VSV a promising OV: lack of pre-existing human immunity against VSV, a small and easy to manipulate genome, cytoplasmic replication without risk of host cell transformation, independence of cell cycle and rapid growth to high titres in a broad range of cell lines facilitating large-scale virus production. While significant advances have been made in VSV-based OV therapy, room for improvement remains. Here we review recent studies (published in the last 5 years) that address 'old' and 'new' challenges of VSV-based OV therapy. These studies focused on improving VSV safety, oncoselectivity and oncotoxicity; breaking resistance of some cancers to VSV; preventing premature clearance of VSV; and stimulating tumour-specific immunity. Many of these approaches were based on combining VSV with other therapeutics. This review also discusses another rhabdovirus closely related to VSV, Maraba virus, which is currently being tested in Canada in phase I/II clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien A Felt
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Valery Z Grdzelishvili
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
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Соловаров И, Solovarov I, Хаснатинов М, Khasnatinov M, Данчинова Г, Danchinova G, Ляпунов А, Liapunov A, Болотова Н, Bolotova N, Манзарова Э, Manzarova E, Кондратов И, Kondratov I, Беликов С, Belikov S. ASSESSMENT OF NEUTRALIZING PROPERTIES OF DNA-APTAMERS AND EXTRACTS OF MEDICINAL HERBS AGAINST THE TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2017. [DOI: 10.12737/article_5955e6b5aad2e3.30269730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Natalia Bolotova
- Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems
| | | | - Ellina Manzarova
- Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems
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17
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Abstract
The unique properties of nucleic acid aptamers and their suitability to therapeutic applications have attracted the attention of researchers for more than 2 decades. Aptamers exhibit significant advantages relative to antibody-based therapeutics and can serve dual roles as either the therapeutic agent itself or a targeting modality. Despite this intense research interest, aptamers have been slow to reach the clinic, partly due to practical limitations that can be overcome by rational chemical modifications and ingenious aptamer selection approaches. This review highlights the latest efforts to use aptamers in therapeutic applications, the key properties of aptamers that can be exploited, the aptamers that are currently in clinical trials, as well as speculation on the future of aptamers in the field of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M C Mattice
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
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18
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Tayeb S, Zakay-Rones Z, Panet A. Therapeutic potential of oncolytic Newcastle disease virus: a critical review. Oncolytic Virother 2015; 4:49-62. [PMID: 27512670 PMCID: PMC4918379 DOI: 10.2147/ov.s78600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) features a natural preference for replication in many tumor cells compared with normal cells. The observed antitumor effect of NDV appears to be a result of both selective killing of tumor cells and induction of immune responses. Genetic manipulations to change viral tropism and arming the virus with genes encoding for cytokines improved the oncolytic capacity of NDV. Several intracellular proteins in tumor cells, including antiapoptotic proteins (Livin) and oncogenic proteins (H-Ras), are relevant for the oncolytic activity of NDV. Defects in the interferon system, found in some tumor cells, also contribute to the oncolytic selectivity of NDV. Notwithstanding, NDV displays effective oncolytic activity in many tumor types, despite having intact interferon signaling. Taken together, several cellular systems appear to dictate the selective oncolytic activity of NDV. Some barriers, such as neutralizing antibodies elicited during NDV treatment and the extracellular matrix in tumor tissue appear to interfere with spread of NDV and reduce oncolysis. To further understand the oncolytic activity of NDV, we compared two NDV strains, ie, an attenuated virus (NDV-HUJ) and a pathogenic virus (NDV-MTH-68/H). Significant differences in amino acid sequence were noted in several viral proteins, including the fusion precursor (F0) glycoprotein, an important determinant of replication and pathogenicity. However, no difference in the oncolytic activity of the two strains was noted using human tumor tissues maintained as organ cultures or in mouse tumor models. To optimize virotherapy in clinical trials, we describe here a unique organ culture methodology, using a biopsy taken from a patient’s tumor before treatment for ex vivo infection with NDV to determine the oncolytic potential on an individual basis. In conclusion, oncolytic NDV is an excellent candidate for cancer therapy, but more knowledge is needed to ensure success in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shay Tayeb
- Department of Biotechnology, Hadassah Academic College, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Chanock Center for Virology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zichria Zakay-Rones
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Chanock Center for Virology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amos Panet
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Chanock Center for Virology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc S Weinberg
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Parktown, South Africa
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21
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Research Highlights. Nat Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1038/nbt.2992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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