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Li Y, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Li Q, Wang S, Curtiss R, Shi H. A Bacterial mRNA-Lysis-Mediated Cargo Release Vaccine System for Regulated Cytosolic Surveillance and Optimized Antigen Delivery. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303568. [PMID: 37867213 PMCID: PMC10667801 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Engineered vector-based in vivo protein delivery platforms have made significant progress for both prophylactic and therapeutic applications. However, the lack of effective release strategies results in foreign cargo being trapped within the vector, restricting the provision of significant performance benefits and enhanced therapeutic results compared to traditional vaccines. Herein, the development of a Salmonella mRNA interferase regulation vector (SIRV) system is reported to overcome this challenge. The genetic circuits are engineered that (1) induce self-lysis to release foreign antigens into target cells and (2) activate the cytosolic surveillance cGAS-STING axis by releasing DNA into the cytoplasm. Delayed synthesis of the MazF interferase regulates differential mRNA cleavage, resulting in a 36-fold increase in the delivery of foreign antigens and modest activation of the inflammasome, which collectively contribute to the marked maturation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Bacteria delivering the protective antigen SaoA exhibits excellent immunogenicity and safety in mouse and pig models, significantly improving the survival rate of animals challenged with multiple serotypes of Streptococcus suis. Thus, the SIRV system enables the effective integration of various modular components and antigen cargos, allowing for the generation of an extensive range of intracellular protein delivery systems using multiple bacterial species in a highly efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐an Li
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225000China
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhou225000China
| | - Yanni Sun
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225000China
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhou225000China
| | - Yuqin Zhang
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225000China
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhou225000China
| | - Quan Li
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225000China
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhou225000China
| | - Shifeng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and ImmunologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL32611‐0880USA
| | - Roy Curtiss
- Department of Infectious Diseases and ImmunologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL32611‐0880USA
| | - Huoying Shi
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225000China
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhou225000China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product SafetyYangzhou University (JIRLAAPS)Yangzhou225000China
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2
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Jacobson JM, Jadlowsky JK, Lacey SF, Fraietta JA, Plesa G, Chono H, Lee DH, Kulikovskaya I, Bartoszek C, Chen F, Tian L, Dimitri A, Levine BL, Veloso EA, Hwang WT, June CH. Autologous CD4 T Lymphocytes Modified with a Tat-Dependent, Virus-Specific Endoribonuclease Gene in HIV-Infected Individuals. Mol Ther 2021; 29:626-635. [PMID: 33186691 PMCID: PMC7854306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MazF is an Escherichia coli-derived endoribonuclease that selectively cleaves ACA sequences of mRNA prevalent in HIV. We administered a single infusion of autologous CD4 T lymphocytes modified to express a Tat-dependent MazF transgene to 10 HIV-infected individuals (six remaining on antiretroviral therapy [ART]; four undergoing treatment interruption post-infusion) in order to provide a population of HIV-resistant immune cells. In participants who remained on ART, increases in CD4 and CD8 T cell counts of ~200 cells/mm3 each occurred within 2 weeks of infusion and persisted for at least 6 months. Modified cells were detectable for several months in the blood and trafficked to gastrointestinal lymph tissue. HIV-1 Tat introduced ex vivo to the modified CD4+ T cells induced MazF expression in both pre- and post-infusion samples, and MazF expression was detected in vivo post-viral-rebound during ATI. One participant experienced mild cytokine release syndrome. In sum, this study of a single infusion of MazF-modified CD4 T lymphocytes demonstrated safety of these cells, distribution to lymph tissue and maintenance of Tat-inducible MazF endoribonuclease activity, as well as sustained elevation of blood CD4 and CD8 T cell counts. Future studies to assess effects on viremia and latent proviral reservoir are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Jacobson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Julie K Jadlowsky
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Simon F Lacey
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph A Fraietta
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gabriela Plesa
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Dong H Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Irina Kulikovskaya
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chelsie Bartoszek
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fang Chen
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lifeng Tian
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander Dimitri
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bruce L Levine
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Veloso
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wei-Ting Hwang
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carl H June
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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3
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Cornu TI, Mussolino C, Müller MC, Wehr C, Kern WV, Cathomen T. HIV Gene Therapy: An Update. Hum Gene Ther 2021; 32:52-65. [PMID: 33349126 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2020.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress in antiretroviral therapy has considerably reduced mortality and notably improved the quality of life of individuals infected with HIV since the pandemic began some 40 years ago. However, drug resistance, treatment-associated toxicity, adherence to medication, and the need for lifelong therapy have remained major challenges. While the development of an HIV vaccine has remained elusive, considerable progress in developing innovative cell and gene therapies to treat HIV infection has been made. This includes immune cell therapies, such as chimeric antigen receptor T cells to target HIV infected cells, as well as gene therapies and genome editing strategies to render the patient's immune system resistant to HIV. Nonetheless, all of these attempts to achieve a functional cure in HIV patients have failed thus far. This review introduces the clinical as well as the technical challenges of treating HIV infection, and summarizes the most promising cell and gene therapy concepts that have aspired to bring about functional cure for people living with HIV. It further discusses socioeconomic aspects as well as future directions for developing cell and gene therapies with a potential to be an effective one-time treatment with minimal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana I Cornu
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudio Mussolino
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias C Müller
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Infection Medicine, Medical Care Center, MVZ Clotten, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Wehr
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Winfried V Kern
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Toni Cathomen
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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4
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Yin J, Yang L, Mou L, Dong K, Jiang J, Xue S, Xu Y, Wang X, Lu Y, Ye H. A green tea-triggered genetic control system for treating diabetes in mice and monkeys. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/515/eaav8826. [PMID: 31645456 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav8826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based therapies are recognized as the next frontier in medicine, but the translation of many promising technologies into the clinic is currently limited by a lack of remote-control inducers that are safe and can be tightly regulated. Here, we developed therapeutically active engineered cells regulated by a control system that is responsive to protocatechuic acid (PCA), a metabolite found in green tea. We constructed multiple genetic control technologies that could toggle a PCA-responsive ON/OFF switch based on a transcriptional repressor from Streptomyces coelicolor We demonstrated that PCA-controlled switches can be used for guide RNA expression-mediated control of the CRISPR-Cas9 systems for gene editing and epigenetic remodeling. We showed how these technologies could be used as implantable biocomputers in live mice to perform complex logic computations that integrated signals from multiple food metabolites. Last, we used our system to treat type 1 and type 2 diabetes in mice and cynomolgus monkeys. This biocompatible and versatile food phenolic acid-controlled transgenic device opens opportunities for dynamic interventions in gene- and cell-based precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Yin
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Linfeng Yang
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lisha Mou
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, China
| | - Kaili Dong
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shuai Xue
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, China
| | - Haifeng Ye
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, China.
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5
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Okamoto M, Chono H, Hidaka A, Toyama M, Mineno J, Baba M. Induction of E. coli-derived endonuclease MazF suppresses HIV-1 production and causes apoptosis in latently infected cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:597-602. [PMID: 32747090 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The current antiretroviral therapy cannot cure the patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) due to the existence of latently infected cells capable of virus production from harboring proviral DNA. MazF is an ACA nucleotide sequence-specific endoribonuclease derived from Escherichia coli. The conditional expression of MazF by binding of HIV-1 Tat to the promoter region of a MazF-expression vector has previously been shown to selectively inhibit HIV-1 replication in acutely infected cells. The expression of MazF significantly suppressed tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced HIV-1 production and viral RNA expression in the HIV-1 latently infected cell line OM-10.1 transduced with the MazF-expression vector (OM-10.1/MFR). Moreover, the viability of OM-10.1/MFR cells decreased with increasing concentrations of TNF-α, whereas such decrease was not observed for HL-60 cells transduced with the MazF-expression vector (HL-60/MFR), the uninfected parental cell line of OM-10.1. TNF-α increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in OM-10.1/MFR cells, indicating that the cell death was caused by the induction of apoptosis. TNF-α-induced expression of MazF mRNA was detected in OM-10.1/MFR but not HL-60/MFR cells, suggesting that TNF-α-induced apoptosis of latently infected cells was due to the expression of MazF. Thus, the anti-HIV-1 gene therapy using the MazF-expression vector may have potential for the cure of HIV-1 infection in combination with suitable latency reversing agents through reducing the size of latently infected cells without viral reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Okamoto
- Division of Antiviral Chemotherapy, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | | | - Akemi Hidaka
- Division of Antiviral Chemotherapy, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Masaaki Toyama
- Division of Antiviral Chemotherapy, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | | | - Masanori Baba
- Division of Antiviral Chemotherapy, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.
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6
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Du Y, Peng P, Li T. Logic circuit controlled multi-responsive branched DNA scaffolds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:6132-6135. [PMID: 29808870 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03387k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A logic circuit controlled multi-responsive sensing platform built on a three-way DNA junction (TWJ) is reported. It enabled the construction of novel fluorescent sensing platforms responsive to any target out of HIV gene, ATP and pH value, and furthermore were logically regulated by two other targets and then behaved as different logic circuits, which consist of two tandem AND gates or cascaded NAND and INH gates by varying the positions of the fluorescent tags.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Du
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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7
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Jahanban-Esfahlan R, Seidi K, Zarghami N. Tumor vascular infarction: prospects and challenges. Int J Hematol 2017; 105:244-256. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-016-2171-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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8
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Okamura T, Tsujimura Y, Soma S, Takahashi I, Matsuo K, Yasutomi Y. Simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac239 infection and simian human immunodeficiency virus SHIV89.6P infection result in progression to AIDS in cynomolgus macaques of Asian origin. J Gen Virol 2016; 97:3413-3426. [PMID: 27902330 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection models in cynomolgus macaques are important for analysis of the pathogenesis of immunodeficiency virus and for studies on the efficacy of new vaccine candidates. However, very little is known about the pathogenesis of SIV or simian human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) in cynomolgus macaques from different Asian countries. In the present study, we analysed the infectivity and pathogenicity of CCR5-tropic SIVmac and those of dual-tropic SHIV89.6P inoculated into cynomolgus macaques in Indonesian, Malaysian or Philippine origin. The plasma viral loads in macaques infected with either SIVmac239 or SHIV89.6P were maintained at high levels. CD4+ T cell levels in macaques infected with SIVmac239 gradually decreased. All of the macaques infected with SHIV89.6P showed greatly reduced CD4+ T-cell numbers within 6 weeks of infection. Eight of the 11 macaques infected with SIVmac239 were killed due to AIDS symptoms after 2-4.5 years, while four of the five macaques infected with SHIV89.6P were killed due to AIDS symptoms after 1-3.5 years. We also analysed cynomolgus macaques infected intrarectally with repeated low, medium or high doses of SIVmac239, SIVmac251 or SHIV89.6P. Infection was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR at more than 5000, 300 and 500 TCID50 for SIVmac239, SIVmac251 and SHIV89.6P, respectively. The present study indicates that cynomolgus macaques of Asian origin are highly susceptible to SIVmac and SHIV infection by both intravenous and mucosal routes. These models will be useful for studies on virus pathogenesis, vaccination and therapeutics against human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Okamura
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Vaccine Research, Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tsujimura
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Vaccine Research, Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan
| | - Shogo Soma
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Vaccine Research, Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan.,Division of Immunoregulation, Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takahashi
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Vaccine Research, Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Matsuo
- Research and Development Department, Japan BCG Laboratory, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-0022, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yasutomi
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Vaccine Research, Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan.,Division of Immunoregulation, Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
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9
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Levine B, Leskowitz R, Davis M. Personalized gene therapy locks out HIV, paving the way to control virus without antiretroviral drugs. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015; 15:831-43. [PMID: 25947115 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2015.1035644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Advances in adoptive immunotherapy have enabled gene therapy approaches to be tested in clinical trials that involve the transfer of engineered immune cells to specifically target HIV-infected cells or block HIV infection or transmission. Genetic editing through engineered targeted nucleases provides a method for producing cells that are permanently resistant to HIV. AREAS COVERED Here, we discuss current and developing gene therapy approaches aimed to confer resistance to HIV infection at the cellular level by targeting viral or cellular elements, with a focus on gene editing strategies that target viral entry. Human gene therapy trials in HIV infection are reviewed. EXPERT OPINION In concept, a single infusion of genetically modified cells could potentially reduce the need for lifelong medication by providing long-term control over the virus (functional immunity). While the dream of completely eliminating viral reservoirs (sterilizing immunity) is appealing, this presents a significant additional hurdle and may not be necessary to improve long-term health. A single infusion, or a small number of infusions, of engineered cells may be shown in confirmatory clinical trials to produce a meaningful biologic effect. These techniques have implications for targeted gene therapy in HIV and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Levine
- University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA , USA
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10
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Li C, Guan X, Du T, Jin W, Wu B, Liu Y, Wang P, Hu B, Griffin GE, Shattock RJ, Hu Q. Inhibition of HIV-1 infection of primary CD4+ T-cells by gene editing of CCR5 using adenovirus-delivered CRISPR/Cas9. J Gen Virol 2015; 96:2381-2393. [PMID: 25854553 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.000139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CCR5 serves as an essential coreceptor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) entry, and individuals with a CCR5(Δ32) variant appear to be healthy, making CCR5 an attractive target for control of HIV-1 infection. The CRISPR/Cas9, which functions as a naturally existing adaptive immune system in prokaryotes, has been recently harnessed as a novel nuclease system for genome editing in mammalian cells. Although CRISPR/Cas9 can be readily delivered into cell lines, due to the large size of the Cas9 protein, efficient delivery of CCR5-targeting CRISPR/Cas9 components into primary cells, including CD4(+) T-cells, the primary target for HIV-1 infection in vivo, remains a challenge. In the current study, following design of a panel of top-ranked single-guided RNAs (sgRNAs) targeting the ORF of CCR5, we demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas9 can efficiently mediate the editing of the CCR5 locus in cell lines, resulting in the knockout of CCR5 expression on the cell surface. Next-generation sequencing revealed that various mutations were introduced around the predicted cleavage site of CCR5. For each of the three most effective sgRNAs that we analysed, no significant off-target effects were detected at the 15 top-scoring potential sites. More importantly, by constructing chimeric Ad5F35 adenoviruses carrying CRISPR/Cas9 components, we efficiently transduced primary CD4(+) T-lymphocytes and disrupted CCR5 expression, and the positively transduced cells were conferred with HIV-1 resistance. To our knowledge, this is the first study establishing HIV-1 resistance in primary CD4(+) T-cells utilizing adenovirus-delivered CRISPR/Cas9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xinmeng Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Tao Du
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Wei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Biao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Yalan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Bodan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - George E Griffin
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Robin J Shattock
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Qinxue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China.,Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
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11
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Herrera-Carrillo E, Berkhout B. Potential mechanisms for cell-based gene therapy to treat HIV/AIDS. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 19:245-63. [PMID: 25388088 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.980236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An estimated 35 million people are infected with HIV worldwide. Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has reduced the morbidity and mortality of HIV-infected patients but efficacy requires strict adherence and the treatment is not curative. Most importantly, the emergence of drug-resistant virus strains and drug toxicity can restrict the long-term therapeutic efficacy in some patients. Therefore, novel treatment strategies that permanently control or eliminate the virus and restore the damaged immune system are required. Gene therapy against HIV infection has been the topic of intense investigations for the last two decades because it can theoretically provide such a durable anti-HIV control. AREAS COVERED In this review we discuss two major gene therapy strategies to combat HIV. One approach aims to kill HIV-infected cells and the other is based on the protection of cells from HIV infection. We discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms for candidate approaches to permanently block HIV infection, including the latest strategies and future therapeutic applications. EXPERT OPINION Hematopoietic stem cell-based gene therapy for HIV/AIDS may eventually become an alternative for standard ART and should ideally provide a functional cure in which the virus is durably controlled without medication. Recent results from preclinical research and early-stage clinical trials support the feasibility and safety of this novel strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Herrera-Carrillo
- Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology , Meibergdreef 15, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ , The Netherlands
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