1
|
Mallek NM, Martin EM, Dailey LA, McCullough SD. Liquid application dosing alters the physiology of air-liquid interface (ALI) primary human bronchial epithelial cell/lung fibroblast co-cultures and in vitro testing relevant endpoints. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2024; 5:1264331. [PMID: 38464699 PMCID: PMC10922929 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1264331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cell (dpHBEC) cultures grown under air-liquid interface (ALI) conditions exhibit key features of the human respiratory tract and are thus critical for respiratory research as well as efficacy and toxicity testing of inhaled substances (e.g., consumer products, industrial chemicals, and pharmaceuticals). Many inhalable substances (e.g., particles, aerosols, hydrophobic substances, reactive substances) have physiochemical properties that challenge their evaluation under ALI conditions in vitro. Evaluation of the effects of these methodologically challenging chemicals (MCCs) in vitro is typically conducted by "liquid application," involving the direct application of a solution containing the test substance to the apical, air-exposed surface of dpHBEC-ALI cultures. We report that the application of liquid to the apical surface of a dpHBEC-ALI co-culture model results in significant reprogramming of the dpHBEC transcriptome and biological pathway activity, alternative regulation of cellular signaling pathways, increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, and decreased epithelial barrier integrity. Given the prevalence of liquid application in the delivery of test substances to ALI systems, understanding its effects provides critical infrastructure for the use of in vitro systems in respiratory research as well as in the safety and efficacy testing of inhalable substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M. Mallek
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Elizabeth M. Martin
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Lisa A. Dailey
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Shaun D. McCullough
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Exposure and Protection, RTI International, Durham, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hsu CY, Faisal Mutee A, Porras S, Pineda I, Ahmed Mustafa M, J Saadh M, Adil M, H A Z. Amphiregulin in infectious diseases: Role, mechanism, and potential therapeutic targets. Microb Pathog 2024; 186:106463. [PMID: 38036111 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Amphiregulin (AREG) serves as a ligand for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and is involved in vital biological functions, including inflammatory responses, tissue regeneration, and immune system function. Upon interaction with the EGFR, AREG initiates a series of signaling cascades necessary for several physiological activities, such as metabolism, cell cycle regulation, and cellular proliferation. Recent findings have provided evidence for the substantial role of AREG in maintaining the equilibrium of homeostasis in damaged tissues and preserving epithelial cell structure in the context of viral infections affecting the lungs. The development of resistance to influenza virus infection depends on the presence of type 1 cytokine responses. Following the eradication of the pathogen, the lungs are subsequently colonized by several cell types that are linked with type 2 immune responses. These cells contribute to the process of repairing and resolving the tissue injury and inflammation caused by infections. Following influenza infection, the activation of AREG promotes the regeneration of bronchial epithelial cells, enhancing the tissue's structural integrity and increasing the survival rate of infected mice. In the same manner, mice afflicted with influenza experience rapid mortality due to a subsequent bacterial infection in the pulmonary region when both bacterial and viral infections manifest concurrently inside the same host. The involvement of AREG in bacterial infections has been demonstrated. The gene AREG experiences increased transcriptional activity inside host cells in response to bacterial infections caused by pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Neisseria gonorrhea. In addition, AREG has been extensively studied as a mitogenic stimulus in epithelial cell layers. Consequently, it is regarded as a prospective contender that might potentially contribute to the observed epithelial cell reactions in helminth infection. Consistent with this finding, mice that lack the AREG gene exhibit a delay in the eradication of the intestinal parasite Trichuris muris. The observed delay is associated with a reduction in the proliferation rate of colonic epithelial cells compared to the infected animals in the control group. The aforementioned findings indicate that AREG plays a pivotal role in facilitating the activation of defensive mechanisms inside the epithelial cells of the intestinal tissue. The precise cellular sources of AREG in this specific context have not yet been determined. However, it is evident that the increased proliferation of the epithelial cell layer in infected mice is reliant on CD4+ T cells. The significance of this finding lies in its demonstration of the crucial role played by the interaction between immunological and epithelial cells in regulating the AREG-EGFR pathway. Additional research is necessary to delve into the cellular origins and signaling mechanisms that govern the synthesis of AREG and its tissue-protective properties, independent of infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chou-Yi Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan City 71710, Taiwan
| | | | - Sandra Porras
- Facultad de Mecánica, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH), Panamericana Sur km 1 1/2, Riobamba, 060155, Ecuador
| | - Indira Pineda
- Facultad de Salud Pública, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH), Panamericana Sur km 1 1/2, Riobamba, 060155, Ecuador
| | - Mohammed Ahmed Mustafa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Imam Jaafar AL-Sadiq University, Iraq; Department of Pathological Analyzes, College of Applied Sciences, University of Samarra, Iraq.
| | - Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan; Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Zainab H A
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Iwamoto S, Mori Y, Yamashita T, Ojima K, Akita K, Togano S, Kushiyama S, Yashiro M, Yatera Y, Yamaguchi T, Komiyama A, Sago Y, Itano N, Nakada H. Trophoblast cell surface antigen-2 phosphorylation triggered by binding of galectin-3 drives metastasis through down-regulation of E-cadherin. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104971. [PMID: 37380081 PMCID: PMC10392139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of trophoblast cell surface antigen-2 (Trop-2) is enhanced in many tumor tissues and is correlated with increased malignancy and poor survival of patients with cancer. Previously, we demonstrated that the Ser-322 residue of Trop-2 is phosphorylated by protein kinase Cα (PKCα) and PKCδ. Here, we demonstrate that phosphomimetic Trop-2 expressing cells have markedly decreased E-cadherin mRNA and protein levels. Consistently, mRNA and protein of the E-cadherin-repressing transcription factors zinc finger E-Box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) were elevated, suggesting transcriptional regulation of E-cadherin expression. The binding of galectin-3 to Trop-2 enhanced the phosphorylation and subsequent cleavage of Trop-2, followed by intracellular signaling by the resultant C-terminal fragment. Binding of β-catenin/transcription factor 4 (TCF4) along with the C-terminal fragment of Trop-2 to the ZEB1 promoter upregulated ZEB1 expression. Of note, siRNA-mediated knockdown of β-catenin and TCF4 increased the expression of E-cadherin through ZEB1 downregulation. Knockdown of Trop-2 in MCF-7 cells and DU145 cells resulted in downregulation of ZEB1 and subsequent upregulation of E-cadherin. Furthermore, wild-type and phosphomimetic Trop-2 but not phosphorylation-blocked Trop-2 were detected in the liver and/or lung of some nude mice bearing primary tumors inoculated intraperitoneally or subcutaneously with wild-type or mutated Trop-2 expressing cells, suggesting that Trop-2 phosphorylation, plays an important role in tumor cell mobility in vivo, too. Together with our previous finding of Trop-2 dependent regulation of claudin-7, we suggest that the Trop-2-mediated cascade involves concurrent derangement of both tight and adherence junctions, which may drive metastasis of epithelial tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shungo Iwamoto
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yugo Mori
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ojima
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kaoru Akita
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shingo Togano
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kushiyama
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Yatera
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akane Komiyama
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Sago
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Itano
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakada
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Edwards PAW. Re-interpreting tumour behaviour and the tumour microenvironment as normal responses to tissue disorganisation. J Pathol 2023; 260:1-4. [PMID: 36811403 PMCID: PMC10952351 DOI: 10.1002/path.6070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Much of tumour cell biology and the tumour microenvironment may be normal wound-healing responses as a consequence of the disruption of tissue structure. This is why tumours resemble wounds, and many features of the tumour microenvironment, such as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and inflammatory infiltrates, may largely be normal responses to abnormal tissue structure, not an exploitation of wound-healing biology. © 2023 The Author. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Collapse
|
5
|
MicroRNA Profiles in Intestinal Epithelial Cells in a Mouse Model of Sepsis. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050726. [PMID: 36899862 PMCID: PMC10001189 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disorder that leads to the dysfunction of multiple organs. In the intestine, the deregulation of the epithelial barrier contributes to the development of sepsis by triggering continuous exposure to harmful factors. However, sepsis-induced epigenetic changes in gene-regulation networks within intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) remain unexplored. In this study, we analyzed the expression profile of microRNAs (miRNAs) in IECs isolated from a mouse model of sepsis generated via cecal slurry injection. Among 239 miRNAs, 14 miRNAs were upregulated, and 9 miRNAs were downregulated in the IECs by sepsis. Upregulated miRNAs in IECs from septic mice, particularly miR-149-5p, miR-466q, miR-495, and miR-511-3p, were seen to exhibit complex and global effects on gene regulation networks. Interestingly, miR-511-3p has emerged as a diagnostic marker in this sepsis model due to its increase in blood in addition to IECs. As expected, mRNAs in the IECs were remarkably altered by sepsis; specifically, 2248 mRNAs were decreased, while 612 mRNAs were increased. This quantitative bias may be possibly derived, at least partly, from the direct effects of the sepsis-increased miRNAs on the comprehensive expression of mRNAs. Thus, current in silico data indicate that there are dynamic regulatory responses of miRNAs to sepsis in IECs. In addition, the miRNAs that were increased with sepsis had enriched downstream pathways including Wnt signaling, which is associated with wound healing, and FGF/FGFR signaling, which has been linked to chronic inflammation and fibrosis. These modifications in miRNA networks in IECs may lead to both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects in sepsis. The four miRNAs discovered above were shown to putatively target LOX, PTCH1, COL22A1, FOXO1, or HMGA2, via in silico analysis, which were associated with Wnt or inflammatory pathways and selected for further study. The expressions of these target genes were downregulated in sepsis IECs, possibly through posttranscriptional modifications of these miRNAs. Taken together, our study suggests that IECs display a distinctive miRNA profile which is capable of comprehensively and functionally reshaping the IEC-specific mRNA landscape in a sepsis model.
Collapse
|
6
|
Mallek NM, Martin EM, Dailey LA, McCullough SD. Liquid Application Dosing Alters the Physiology of Air-Liquid Interface Primary Bronchial Epithelial Cultures and In vitro Testing Relevant Endpoints. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2570280. [PMID: 36865279 PMCID: PMC9980280 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2570280/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Differentiated Primary human bronchial epithelial cell (dpHBEC) cultures grown under air-liquid interface (ALI) conditions exhibit key features of the human respiratory tract and are thus critical for respiratory research as well as efficacy and toxicity testing of inhaled substances (e.g., consumer products, industrial chemicals, and pharmaceuticals). Many inhalable substances (e.g., particles, aerosols, hydrophobic substances, reactive substances) have physiochemical properties that challenge their evaluation under ALI conditions in vitro. Evaluation of the effects of these methodologically challenging chemicals (MCCs) in vitro is typically conducted by "liquid application," involving the direct application of a solution containing the test substance to the apical, air-exposed surface of dpHBEC-ALI cultures. We report that the application of liquid to the apical surface of a dpHBEC-ALI co-culture model results in significant reprogramming of the dpHBEC transcriptome and biological pathway activity, alternative regulation of cellular signaling pathways, increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, and decreased epithelial barrier integrity. Given the prevalence of liquid application in the delivery of test substances to ALI systems, understanding its effects provides critical infrastructure for the use of in vitro systems in respiratory research as well as in the safety and efficacy testing of inhalable substances.
Collapse
|
7
|
Biological and Genetic Mechanisms of COPD, Its Diagnosis, Treatment, and Relationship with Lung Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020448. [PMID: 36830984 PMCID: PMC9953173 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most prevalent chronic adult diseases, with significant worldwide morbidity and mortality. Although long-term tobacco smoking is a critical risk factor for this global health problem, its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Several phenomena are thought to be involved in the evolution of emphysema, including airway inflammation, proteinase/anti-proteinase imbalance, oxidative stress, and genetic/epigenetic modifications. Furthermore, COPD is one main risk for lung cancer (LC), the deadliest form of human tumor; formation and chronic inflammation accompanying COPD can be a potential driver of malignancy maturation (0.8-1.7% of COPD cases develop cancer/per year). Recently, the development of more research based on COPD and lung cancer molecular analysis has provided new light for understanding their pathogenesis, improving the diagnosis and treatments, and elucidating many connections between these diseases. Our review emphasizes the biological factors involved in COPD and lung cancer, the advances in their molecular mechanisms' research, and the state of the art of diagnosis and treatments. This work combines many biological and genetic elements into a single whole and strongly links COPD with lung tumor features.
Collapse
|
8
|
Hynds RE. Exploiting the potential of lung stem cells to develop pro-regenerative therapies. Biol Open 2022; 11:bio059423. [PMID: 36239242 PMCID: PMC9581519 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute and chronic lung diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Unfortunately, these diseases are increasing in frequency and we have limited treatment options for severe lung diseases. New therapies are needed that not only treat symptoms or slow disease progression, but also enable the regeneration of functional lung tissue. Both airways and alveoli contain populations of epithelial stem cells with the potential to self-renew and produce differentiated progeny. Understanding the mechanisms that determine the behaviour of these cells, and their interactions with their niches, will allow future generations of respiratory therapies that protect the lungs from disease onset, promote regeneration from endogenous stem cells or enable regeneration through the delivery of exogenous cells. This review summarises progress towards each of these goals, highlighting the challenges and opportunities of developing pro-regenerative (bio)pharmaceutical, gene and cell therapies for respiratory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert E. Hynds
- Epithelial Cell Biology in ENT Research (EpiCENTR) Group, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, WC1N 1DZ, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Harris ZM, Sun Y, Joerns J, Clark B, Hu B, Korde A, Sharma L, Shin HJ, Manning EP, Placek L, Unutmaz D, Stanley G, Chun H, Sauler M, Rajagopalan G, Zhang X, Kang MJ, Koff JL. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition Is Protective in Hyperoxia-Induced Lung Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9518592. [PMID: 36193076 PMCID: PMC9526641 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9518592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aims Studies have linked severe hyperoxia, or prolonged exposure to very high oxygen levels, with worse clinical outcomes. This study investigated the role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in hyperoxia-induced lung injury at very high oxygen levels (>95%). Results Effects of severe hyperoxia (100% oxygen) were studied in mice with genetically inhibited EGFR and wild-type littermates. Despite the established role of EGFR in lung repair, EGFR inhibition led to improved survival and reduced acute lung injury, which prompted an investigation into this protective mechanism. Endothelial EGFR genetic knockout did not confer protection. EGFR inhibition led to decreased levels of cleaved caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribosyl) polymerase (PARP) and decreased terminal dUTP nick end labeling- (TUNEL-) positive staining in alveolar epithelial cells and reduced ERK activation, which suggested reduced apoptosis in vivo. EGFR inhibition decreased hyperoxia (95%)-induced apoptosis and ERK in murine alveolar epithelial cells in vitro, and CRISPR-mediated EGFR deletion reduced hyperoxia-induced apoptosis and ERK in human alveolar epithelial cells in vitro. Innovation. This work defines a protective role of EGFR inhibition to decrease apoptosis in lung injury induced by 100% oxygen. This further characterizes the complex role of EGFR in acute lung injury and outlines a novel hyperoxia-induced cell death pathway that warrants further study. Conclusion In conditions of severe hyperoxia (>95% for >24 h), EGFR inhibition led to improved survival, decreased lung injury, and reduced cell death. These findings further elucidate the complex role of EGFR in acute lung injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M. Harris
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Ying Sun
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - John Joerns
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care; Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA 75390
| | - Brian Clark
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Buqu Hu
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Asawari Korde
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Lokesh Sharma
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Hyeon Jun Shin
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Edward P. Manning
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lindsey Placek
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06032, USA
| | - Derya Unutmaz
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06032, USA
| | - Gail Stanley
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Hyung Chun
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Maor Sauler
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Govindarajan Rajagopalan
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Xuchen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Min-Jong Kang
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Jonathan L. Koff
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee SN, Yoon JH. The Role of Proprotein Convertases in Upper Airway Remodeling. Mol Cells 2022; 45:353-361. [PMID: 35611689 PMCID: PMC9200660 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a multifactorial, heterogeneous disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the sinonasal mucosa and tissue remodeling, which can include basal/progenitor cell hyperplasia, goblet cell hyperplasia, squamous cell metaplasia, loss or dysfunction of ciliated cells, and increased matrix deposition. Repeated injuries can stimulate airway epithelial cells to produce inflammatory mediators that activate epithelial cells, immune cells, or the epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit. This persistent inflammation can consequently induce aberrant tissue remodeling. However, the molecular mechanisms driving disease within the different molecular CRS subtypes remain inadequately characterized. Numerous secreted and cell surface proteins relevant to airway inflammation and remodeling are initially synthesized as inactive precursor proteins, including growth/differentiation factors and their associated receptors, enzymes, adhesion molecules, neuropeptides, and peptide hormones. Therefore, these precursor proteins require post-translational cleavage by proprotein convertases (PCs) to become fully functional. In this review, we summarize the roles of PCs in CRS-associated tissue remodeling and discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting PCs for CRS treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Nam Lee
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Richardson DS, Spehar JM, Han DT, Chakravarthy PA, Sizemore ST. The RAL Enigma: Distinct Roles of RALA and RALB in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101645. [PMID: 35626682 PMCID: PMC9139244 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RALA and RALB are highly homologous small G proteins belonging to the RAS superfamily. Like other small GTPases, the RALs are molecular switches that can be toggled between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states to regulate diverse and critical cellular functions such as vesicle trafficking, filopodia formation, mitochondrial fission, and cytokinesis. The RAL paralogs are activated and inactivated by a shared set of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) and utilize similar sets of downstream effectors. In addition to their important roles in normal cell biology, the RALs are known to be critical mediators of cancer cell survival, invasion, migration, and metastasis. However, despite their substantial similarities, the RALs often display striking functional disparities in cancer. RALA and RALB can have redundant, unique, or even antagonistic functions depending on cancer type. The molecular basis for these discrepancies remains an important unanswered question in the field of cancer biology. In this review we examine the functions of the RAL paralogs in normal cellular physiology and cancer biology with special consideration provided to situations where the roles of RALA and RALB are non-redundant.
Collapse
|
12
|
Peterson AJ, Murphy SJ, Mundt MG, Shimell M, Leof EB, O’Connor MB. A juxtamembrane basolateral targeting motif regulates signaling through a TGF-β pathway receptor in Drosophila. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001660. [PMID: 35594316 PMCID: PMC9162340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In polarized epithelial cells, receptor-ligand interactions can be restricted by different spatial distributions of the 2 interacting components, giving rise to an underappreciated layer of regulatory complexity. We explored whether such regulation occurs in the Drosophila wing disc, an epithelial tissue featuring the TGF-β family member Decapentaplegic (Dpp) as a morphogen controlling growth and patterning. Dpp protein has been observed in an extracellular gradient within the columnar cell layer of the disc, but also uniformly in the disc lumen, leading to the question of how graded signaling is achieved in the face of 2 distinctly localized ligand pools. We find the Dpp Type II receptor Punt, but not the Type I receptor Tkv, is enriched at the basolateral membrane and depleted at the junctions and apical surface. Wit, a second Type II receptor, shows a markedly different behavior, with the protein detected on all membrane regions but enriched at the apical side. Mutational studies identified a short juxtamembrane sequence required for basolateral restriction of Punt in both wing discs and mammalian Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. This basolateral targeting (BLT) determinant can dominantly confer basolateral localization on an otherwise apical receptor. Rescue of punt mutants with transgenes altered in the targeting motif showed that flies expressing apicalized Punt due to the lack of a functional BLT displayed developmental defects, female sterility, and significant lethality. We also show that apicalized Punt does not produce an ectopic signal, indicating that the apical pool of Dpp is not a significant signaling source even when presented with Punt. Instead, we find that basolateral presentation of Punt is required for optimal signaling. Finally, we present evidence that the BLT acts through polarized sorting machinery that differs between types of epithelia. This suggests a code whereby each epithelial cell type may differentially traffic common receptors to enable distinctive responses to spatially localized pools of extracellular ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aidan J. Peterson
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development and the Developmental Biology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Stephen J. Murphy
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Melinda G. Mundt
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development and the Developmental Biology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - MaryJane Shimell
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development and the Developmental Biology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Edward B. Leof
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Michael B. O’Connor
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development and the Developmental Biology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Endocytosis at the Crossroad of Polarity and Signaling Regulation: Learning from Drosophila melanogaster and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094684. [PMID: 35563080 PMCID: PMC9101507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular trafficking through the endosomal–lysosomal system is essential for the transport of cargo proteins, receptors and lipids from the plasma membrane inside the cells and across membranous organelles. By acting as sorting stations, vesicle compartments direct the fate of their content for degradation, recycling to the membrane or transport to the trans-Golgi network. To effectively communicate with their neighbors, cells need to regulate their compartmentation and guide their signaling machineries to cortical membranes underlying these contact sites. Endosomal trafficking is indispensable for the polarized distribution of fate determinants, adaptors and junctional proteins. Conversely, endocytic machineries cooperate with polarity and scaffolding components to internalize receptors and target them to discrete membrane domains. Depending on the cell and tissue context, receptor endocytosis can terminate signaling responses but can also activate them within endosomes that act as signaling platforms. Therefore, cell homeostasis and responses to environmental cues rely on the dynamic cooperation of endosomal–lysosomal machineries with polarity and signaling cues. This review aims to address advances and emerging concepts on the cooperative regulation of endocytosis, polarity and signaling, primarily in Drosophila melanogaster and discuss some of the open questions across the different cell and tissue types that have not yet been fully explored.
Collapse
|
14
|
de Vreede G, Gerlach SU, Bilder D. Epithelial monitoring through ligand-receptor segregation ensures malignant cell elimination. Science 2022; 376:297-301. [PMID: 35420935 DOI: 10.1126/science.abl4213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Animals have evolved mechanisms, such as cell competition, to remove dangerous or nonfunctional cells from a tissue. Tumor necrosis factor signaling can eliminate clonal malignancies from Drosophila imaginal epithelia, but why this pathway is activated in tumor cells but not normal tissue is unknown. We show that the ligand that drives elimination is present in basolateral circulation but remains latent because it is spatially segregated from its apically localized receptor. Polarity defects associated with malignant transformation cause receptor mislocalization, allowing ligand binding and subsequent apoptotic signaling. This process occurs irrespective of the neighboring cells' genotype and is thus distinct from cell competition. Related phenomena at epithelial wound sites are required for efficient repair. This mechanism of polarized compartmentalization of ligand and receptor can generally monitor epithelial integrity to promote tissue homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geert de Vreede
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Stephan U Gerlach
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - David Bilder
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
In this review article, we will first provide a brief overview of the ErbB receptor-ligand system and its importance in developmental and physiological processes. We will then review the literature regarding the role of ErbB receptors and their ligands in the maladaptive remodeling of lung tissue, with special emphasis on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Here we will focus on the pathways and cellular processes contributing to epithelial-mesenchymal miscommunication seen in this pathology. We will also provide an overview of the in vivo studies addressing the efficacy of different ErbB signaling inhibitors in experimental models of lung injury and highlight how such studies may contribute to our understanding of ErbB biology in the lung. Finally, we will discuss what we learned from clinical applications of the ErbB1 signaling inhibitors in cancer in order to advance clinical trials in IPF.
Collapse
|
16
|
Schoenit A, Lo Giudice C, Hahnen N, Ollech D, Jahnke K, Göpfrich K, Cavalcanti-Adam EA. Tuning Epithelial Cell-Cell Adhesion and Collective Dynamics with Functional DNA-E-Cadherin Hybrid Linkers. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:302-310. [PMID: 34939414 PMCID: PMC8759084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The binding strength between epithelial cells is crucial for tissue integrity, signal transduction and collective cell dynamics. However, there is no experimental approach to precisely modulate cell-cell adhesion strength at the cellular and molecular level. Here, we establish DNA nanotechnology as a tool to control cell-cell adhesion of epithelial cells. We designed a DNA-E-cadherin hybrid system consisting of complementary DNA strands covalently bound to a truncated E-cadherin with a modified extracellular domain. DNA sequence design allows to tune the DNA-E-cadherin hybrid molecular binding strength, while retaining its cytosolic interactions and downstream signaling capabilities. The DNA-E-cadherin hybrid facilitates strong and reversible cell-cell adhesion in E-cadherin deficient cells by forming mechanotransducive adherens junctions. We assess the direct influence of cell-cell adhesion strength on intracellular signaling and collective cell dynamics. This highlights the scope of DNA nanotechnology as a precision technology to study and engineer cell collectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schoenit
- Biophysical
Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute
for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department
of Cellular Biophysics, Growth Factor Mechanobiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cristina Lo Giudice
- Department
of Cellular Biophysics, Growth Factor Mechanobiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nina Hahnen
- Biophysical
Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute
for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department
of Cellular Biophysics, Growth Factor Mechanobiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Ollech
- Department
of Cellular Biophysics, Growth Factor Mechanobiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kevin Jahnke
- Biophysical
Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute
for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Göpfrich
- Biophysical
Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute
for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabetta Ada Cavalcanti-Adam
- Department
of Cellular Biophysics, Growth Factor Mechanobiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mucinous metaplasia in Pten conditional knockout mice and mucin family genes as prognostic markers for prostate cancer. Life Sci 2022; 293:120264. [PMID: 35031262 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study evaluated the association of mucinous metaplasia (MM) with tumor cell proliferation, androgen receptor (AR) expression and invasiveness in Pten conditional knockout mice and the prognostic value of MM markers for patients with PCa. MAIN METHODS Prostatic lobes samples from genetic engineered mouse model Ptenf/f and Pb-Cre4/Ptenf/f were submitted for histopathological analysis and tissue expression of AR, the proliferation marker Ki67, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and laminin. RNAseq data of prostatic lobes samples were analyzed searching for MM gene expression patterns. We also investigated gene and protein expression related to MM in human PCa public databases. KEY FINDINGS All knockout animals analyzed showed at least one area of stroma-invading MM, which was absent in the control animals. The tumoral regions of MM showed a proliferative index 5 times higher than other tumoral areas and low expression of the AR (less than 20% of the cells were AR-positive). Disrupted basement membrane areas were observed in MM. The mouse and human PCa transcriptomes exhibited increased expression of the MM markers such as MUC1, MUC19, MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and TFF3. Gene expression profile was associated with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and with a lower probability of freedom from biochemical recurrence. SIGNIFICANCE The expression of goblet cell genes, such as MUC1, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and TFF3 have significant prognostic value for PCa patients and represent another class of potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
|
18
|
Zindel J, Mittner J, Bayer J, April-Monn SL, Kohler A, Nusse Y, Dosch M, Büchi I, Sanchez-Taltavull D, Dawson H, Gomez de Agüero M, Asahina K, Kubes P, Macpherson AJ, Stroka D, Candinas D. Intraperitoneal microbial contamination drives post-surgical peritoneal adhesions by mesothelial EGFR-signaling. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7316. [PMID: 34916513 PMCID: PMC8677808 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27612-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal surgeries are lifesaving procedures but can be complicated by the formation of peritoneal adhesions, intra-abdominal scars that cause intestinal obstruction, pain, infertility, and significant health costs. Despite this burden, the mechanisms underlying adhesion formation remain unclear and no cure exists. Here, we show that contamination of gut microbes increases post-surgical adhesion formation. Using genetic lineage tracing we show that adhesion myofibroblasts arise from the mesothelium. This transformation is driven by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. The EGFR ligands amphiregulin and heparin-binding epidermal growth factor, are sufficient to induce these changes. Correspondingly, EGFR inhibition leads to a significant reduction of adhesion formation in mice. Adhesions isolated from human patients are enriched in EGFR positive cells of mesothelial origin and human mesothelium shows an increase of mesothelial EGFR expression during bacterial peritonitis. In conclusion, bacterial contamination drives adhesion formation through mesothelial EGFR signaling. This mechanism may represent a therapeutic target for the prevention of adhesions after intra-abdominal surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel Zindel
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases and Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Jonas Mittner
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julia Bayer
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simon L April-Monn
- Clinical Pathology Division and Translational Research Unit, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Kohler
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ysbrand Nusse
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases and Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Michel Dosch
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Isabel Büchi
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Sanchez-Taltavull
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Heather Dawson
- Clinical Pathology Division and Translational Research Unit, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mercedes Gomez de Agüero
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kinji Asahina
- Southern California Research Center for Alcoholic Liver and Pancreatic Diseases and Cirrhosis and Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Central Research Laboratory, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Paul Kubes
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases and Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew J Macpherson
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Stroka
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Candinas
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Singh B, Bogatcheva G, Krystofiak E, McKinley ET, Hill S, Rose KL, Higginbotham JN, Coffey RJ. Induction of apically mistrafficked epiregulin disrupts epithelial polarity via aberrant EGFR signaling. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:271860. [PMID: 34406412 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.255927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In polarized MDCK cells, disruption of the tyrosine-based YXXΦ basolateral trafficking motif (Y156A) in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligand epiregulin (EREG), results in its apical mistrafficking and transformation in vivo. However, the mechanisms underlying these dramatic effects are unknown. Using a doxycycline-inducible system in 3D Matrigel cultures, we now show that induction of Y156A EREG in fully formed MDCK cysts results in direct and complete delivery of mutant EREG to the apical cell surface. Within 3 days of induction, ectopic lumens were detected in mutant, but not wild-type, EREG-expressing cysts. Of note, these structures resembled histological features found in subcutaneous xenografts of mutant EREG-expressing MDCK cells. These ectopic lumens formed de novo rather than budding from the central lumen and depended on metalloprotease-mediated cleavage of EREG and subsequent EGFR activity. Moreover, the most frequent EREG mutation in human cancer (R147stop) resulted in its apical mistrafficking in engineered MDCK cells. Thus, induction of EREG apical mistrafficking is sufficient to disrupt selective aspects of polarity of a preformed polarized epithelium. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhuminder Singh
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center , Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Galina Bogatcheva
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Evan Krystofiak
- Cell Imaging Shared Resource, Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Eliot T McKinley
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center , Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Salisha Hill
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - James N Higginbotham
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center , Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
López-Cortés A, Abarca E, Silva L, Velastegui E, León-Sosa A, Karolys G, Cabrera F, Caicedo A. Identification of key proteins in the signaling crossroads between wound healing and cancer hallmark phenotypes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17245. [PMID: 34446793 PMCID: PMC8390472 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96750-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing (WH) and cancer seem to share common cellular and molecular processes that could work in a tight balance to maintain tissue homeostasis or, when unregulated, drive tumor progression. The "Cancer Hallmarks" comprise crucial biological properties that mediate the advancement of the disease and affect patient prognosis. These hallmarks have been proposed to overlap with essential features of the WH process. However, common hallmarks and proteins actively participating in both processes have yet to be described. In this work we identify 21 WH proteins strongly linked with solid tumors by integrated TCGA Pan-Cancer and multi-omics analyses. These proteins were associated with eight of the ten described cancer hallmarks, especially avoiding immune destruction. These results show that WH and cancer's common proteins are involved in the microenvironment modification of solid tissues and immune system regulation. This set of proteins, between WH and cancer, could represent key targets for developing therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés López-Cortés
- grid.412257.70000 0004 0485 6316Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador ,Latin American Network for the Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), Madrid, Spain ,grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535RNASA-IMEDIR, Computer Science Faculty, Universidad of A Coruna, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Estefanía Abarca
- grid.442129.8Carrera de Biotecnología, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana UPS, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Leonardo Silva
- grid.442129.8Carrera de Biotecnología, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana UPS, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Erick Velastegui
- grid.442129.8Carrera de Biotecnología, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana UPS, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Ariana León-Sosa
- grid.412251.10000 0000 9008 4711Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Germania Karolys
- grid.442129.8Carrera de Biotecnología, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana UPS, Quito, Ecuador ,grid.442129.8Grupo de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas a los Recursos Biológicos, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Francisco Cabrera
- grid.412251.10000 0000 9008 4711Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador ,grid.412251.10000 0000 9008 4711Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Andrés Caicedo
- grid.412251.10000 0000 9008 4711Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador ,grid.412251.10000 0000 9008 4711Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador ,Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador ,grid.412251.10000 0000 9008 4711Sistemas Médicos SIME, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Voynow JA, Shinbashi M. Neutrophil Elastase and Chronic Lung Disease. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081065. [PMID: 34439732 PMCID: PMC8394930 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil elastase (NE) is a major inflammatory protease released by neutrophils and is present in the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, non-CF bronchiectasis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Although NE facilitates leukocyte transmigration to the site of infection and is required for clearance of Gram-negative bacteria, it also activates inflammation when released into the airway milieu in chronic inflammatory airway diseases. NE exposure induces airway remodeling with increased mucin expression and secretion and impaired ciliary motility. NE interrupts epithelial repair by promoting cellular apoptosis and senescence and it activates inflammation directly by increasing cytokine expression and release, and indirectly by triggering extracellular trap release and exosome release, which magnify protease activity and inflammation in the airway. NE inhibits innate immune function by digesting opsonins and opsonin receptors, degrading innate immune proteins such as lactoferrin, and inhibiting macrophage phagocytosis. Importantly, NE-directed therapies have not yet been effective in preventing the pathologic sequelae of NE exposure, but new therapies are being developed that offer both direct antiprotease activity and multifunctional anti-inflammatory properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith A. Voynow
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children’s Hospital of Richmond at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Meagan Shinbashi
- School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Planté-Bordeneuve T, Pilette C, Froidure A. The Epithelial-Immune Crosstalk in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:631235. [PMID: 34093523 PMCID: PMC8170303 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.631235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between the lung epithelium and the immune system involve a tight regulation to prevent inappropriate reactions and have been connected to several pulmonary diseases. Although the distal lung epithelium and local immunity have been implicated in the pathogenesis and disease course of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), consequences of their abnormal interplay remain less well known. Recent data suggests a two-way process, as illustrated by the influence of epithelial-derived periplakin on the immune landscape or the effect of macrophage-derived IL-17B on epithelial cells. Additionally, damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), released by damaged or dying (epithelial) cells, are augmented in IPF. Next to “sterile inflammation”, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are increased in IPF and have been linked with lung fibrosis, while outer membrane vesicles from bacteria are able to influence epithelial-macrophage crosstalk. Finally, the advent of high-throughput technologies such as microbiome-sequencing has allowed for the identification of a disease-specific microbial environment. In this review, we propose to discuss how the interplays between the altered distal airway and alveolar epithelium, the lung microbiome and immune cells may shape a pro-fibrotic environment. More specifically, it will highlight DAMPs-PAMPs pathways and the specificities of the IPF lung microbiome while discussing recent elements suggesting abnormal mucosal immunity in pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Planté-Bordeneuve
- Pôle de pneumologie, O.R.L. et dermatologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Charles Pilette
- Pôle de pneumologie, O.R.L. et dermatologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium.,Service de pneumologie, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Antoine Froidure
- Pôle de pneumologie, O.R.L. et dermatologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium.,Service de pneumologie, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Bruxelles, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
NRG1 Genetic Variant Influences the Efficacy of Androgen-Deprivation Therapy in Men with Prostate Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050528. [PMID: 34068503 PMCID: PMC8151455 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuregulins (NRGs) activate receptor tyrosine kinases of the ErbB family, and play essential roles in the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of normal and malignant tissue cells. We hypothesized that genetic variants of NRG signalling pathway genes may influence treatment outcomes in prostate cancer. To test this hypothesis, we performed a comprehensive analysis to evaluate the associations of 459 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 19 NRG pathway genes with cancer-specific survival (CSS), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) in 630 patients with prostate cancer receiving androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). After multivariate Cox regression and multiple testing correction, we found that NRG1 rs144160282 C > T is significantly associated with worsening CSS, OS, and PFS during ADT. Further analysis showed that low expression of NRG1 is closely related to prostate cancer, as indicated by a high Gleason score, an advanced stage, and a shorter PFS rate. Meta-analysis of 16 gene expression datasets of 1,081 prostate cancer samples and 294 adjacent normal samples indicate lower NRG1 expression in the former compared with the latter (p < 0.001). These results suggest that NRG1 rs144160282 might be a prognostic predictor of the efficacy of ADT. Further studies are required to confirm the significance of NRG1 as a biomarker and therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
24
|
Hoffmann W. Trefoil Factor Family (TFF) Peptides and Their Links to Inflammation: A Re-evaluation and New Medical Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094909. [PMID: 34066339 PMCID: PMC8125380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trefoil factor family peptides (TFF1, TFF2, TFF3), together with mucins, are typical exocrine products of mucous epithelia. Here, they act as a gastric tumor suppressor (TFF1) or they play different roles in mucosal innate immune defense (TFF2, TFF3). Minute amounts are also secreted as endocrine, e.g., by the immune and central nervous systems. As a hallmark, TFF peptides have different lectin activities, best characterized for TFF2, but also TFF1. Pathologically, ectopic expression occurs during inflammation and in various tumors. In this review, the role of TFF peptides during inflammation is discussed on two levels. On the one hand, the expression of TFF1-3 is regulated by inflammatory signals in different ways (upstream links). On the other hand, TFF peptides influence inflammatory processes (downstream links). The latter are recognized best in various Tff-deficient mice, which have completely different phenotypes. In particular, TFF2 is secreted by myeloid cells (e.g., macrophages) and lymphocytes (e.g., memory T cells), where it modulates immune reactions triggering inflammation. As a new concept, in addition to lectin-triggered activation, a hypothetical lectin-triggered inhibition of glycosylated transmembrane receptors by TFF peptides is discussed. Thus, TFFs are promising players in the field of glycoimmunology, such as galectins and C-type lectins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Werner Hoffmann
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Brunner J, Ragupathy S, Borchard G. Target specific tight junction modulators. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 171:266-288. [PMID: 33617902 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intercellular tight junctions represent a formidable barrier against paracellular drug absorption at epithelia (e.g., nasal, intestinal) and the endothelium (e.g., blood-brain barrier). In order to enhance paracellular transport of drugs and increase their bioavailability and organ deposition, active excipients modulating tight junctions have been applied. First-generation of permeation enhancers (PEs) acted by unspecific interactions, while recently developed PEs address specific physiological mechanisms. Such target specific tight junction modulators (TJMs) have the advantage of a defined specific mechanism of action. To date, merely a few of these novel active excipients has entered into clinical trials, as their lack in safety and efficiency in vivo often impedes their commercialisation. A stronger focus on the development of such active excipients would result in an economic and therapeutic improvement of current and future drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joël Brunner
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sakthikumar Ragupathy
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gerrit Borchard
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lung injury in axolotl salamanders induces an organ‐wide proliferation response. Dev Dyn 2021; 250:866-879. [DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
|
27
|
Abstract
A dynamic mucosal layer shields the epithelial cells lining the body cavities and is made up of high molecular weight, heavily glycosylated, multidomain proteins called mucins. Mucins, broadly grouped into transmembrane and secreted mucins, are the first responders to any mechanical or chemical insult to the epithelia and help maintain tissue homeostasis. However, their intrinsic properties to protect and repair the epithelia are exploited during oncogenic processes, where mucins are metamorphosed to aid the tumor cells in their malignant journey. Diverse domains, like the variable number tandem repeats (VNTR), sea urchin sperm protein enterokinase and agrin (SEA), adhesion-associated domain (AMOP), nidogen-like domain (NIDO), epidermal growth factor-like domain (EGF), and von Willebrand factor type D domain (vWD) on mucins, including MUC1, MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and MUC16, have been shown to facilitate cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions, and cell-autonomous signaling to promote tumorigenesis and distant dissemination of tumor cells. Several obstacles have limited the study of mucins, including technical difficulties in working with these huge glycoproteins, the dearth of scientific tools, and lack of animal models; thus, the tissue-dependent and domain-specific roles of mucins during mucosal protection, chronic inflammation, tumorigenesis, and hematological dissemination of malignant cells are still unclear. Future studies should try to integrate information on the rheological, molecular, and biological characteristics of mucins to comprehensively delineate their pathophysiological role and evaluate their suitability as targets in future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
28
|
Howarth KD, Mirza T, Cooke SL, Chin SF, Pole JC, Turro E, Eldridge MD, Garcia RM, Rueda OM, Boursnell C, Abraham JE, Caldas C, Edwards PAW. NRG1 fusions in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:3. [PMID: 33413557 PMCID: PMC7788813 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01377-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NRG1 gene fusions may be clinically actionable, since cancers carrying the fusion transcripts can be sensitive to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The NRG1 gene encodes ligands for the HER2(ERBB2)-ERBB3 heterodimeric receptor tyrosine kinase, and the gene fusions are thought to lead to autocrine stimulation of the receptor. The NRG1 fusion expressed in the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-175 serves as a model example of such fusions, showing the proposed autocrine loop and exceptional drug sensitivity. However, its structure has not been properly characterised, its oncogenic activity has not been fully explained, and there is limited data on such fusions in breast cancer. METHODS We analysed genomic rearrangements and transcripts of NRG1 in MDA-MB-175 and a panel of 571 breast cancers. RESULTS We found that the MDA-MB-175 fusion-originally reported as a DOC4(TENM4)-NRG1 fusion, lacking the cytoplasmic tail of NRG1-is in reality a double fusion, PPP6R3-TENM4-NRG1, producing multiple transcripts, some of which include the cytoplasmic tail. We hypothesise that many NRG1 fusions may be oncogenic not for lacking the cytoplasmic domain but because they do not encode NRG1's nuclear-localised form. The fusion in MDA-MB-175 is the result of a very complex genomic rearrangement, which we partially characterised, that creates additional expressed gene fusions, RSF1-TENM4, TPCN2-RSF1, and MRPL48-GAB2. We searched for NRG1 rearrangements in 571 breast cancers subjected to genome sequencing and transcriptome sequencing and found four cases (0.7%) with fusions, WRN-NRG1, FAM91A1-NRG1, ARHGEF39-NRG1, and ZNF704-NRG1, all splicing into NRG1 at the same exon as in MDA-MB-175. However, the WRN-NRG1 and ARHGEF39-NRG1 fusions were out of frame. We identified rearrangements of NRG1 in many more (8% of) cases that seemed more likely to inactivate than to create activating fusions, or whose outcome could not be predicted because they were complex, or both. This is not surprising because NRG1 can be pro-apoptotic and is inactivated in some breast cancers. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the complexity of rearrangements of NRG1 in breast cancers and confirm that some do not activate but inactivate. Careful interpretation of NRG1 rearrangements will therefore be necessary for appropriate patient management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen D. Howarth
- Hutchison-MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ UK
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Present addresses: Inivata Ltd, Babraham Research Park, Cambridge, CB22 3FH UK
| | - Tashfina Mirza
- Hutchison-MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ UK
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Present addresses: Francis Crick Institute, Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT UK
| | - Susanna L. Cooke
- Hutchison-MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ UK
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Present addresses: Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, G61 1QH UK
| | - Suet-Feung Chin
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Cancer Centre, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
| | - Jessica C. Pole
- Hutchison-MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ UK
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Present addresses: Illumina Cambridge, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6GP UK
| | - Ernest Turro
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0PT UK
- Present addresses: Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Matthew D. Eldridge
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Cancer Centre, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
| | - Raquel Manzano Garcia
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Cancer Centre, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
| | - Oscar M. Rueda
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Cancer Centre, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
- Present addresses: MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0SR UK
| | - Chris Boursnell
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Cancer Centre, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
| | - Jean E. Abraham
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Cancer Centre, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
- Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre and Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre at Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ UK
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Cancer Centre, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
- Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre and Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre at Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ UK
| | - Paul A. W. Edwards
- Hutchison-MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ UK
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Cancer Centre, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
The community of cells lining our airways plays a collaborative role in the preservation of immune homeostasis in the lung and provides protection from the pathogens and pollutants in the air we breathe. In addition to its structural attributes that provide effective mucociliary clearance of the lower airspace, the airway epithelium is an immunologically active barrier surface that senses changes in the airway environment and interacts with resident and recruited immune cells. Single-cell RNA-sequencing is illuminating the cellular heterogeneity that exists in the airway wall and has identified novel cell populations with unique molecular signatures, trajectories of differentiation and diverse functions in health and disease. In this Review, we discuss how our view of the airway epithelial landscape has evolved with the advent of transcriptomic approaches to cellular phenotyping, with a focus on epithelial interactions with the local neuronal and immune systems.
Collapse
|
30
|
Airway Epithelial Dysfunction in Asthma: Relevant to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors and Airway Epithelial Cells. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113698. [PMID: 33217964 PMCID: PMC7698733 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway epithelium plays an important role as the first barrier from external pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, chemical substances, and allergic components. Airway epithelial cells also have pivotal roles as immunological coordinators of defense mechanisms to transfer signals to immunologic cells to eliminate external pathogens from airways. Impaired airway epithelium allows the pathogens to remain in the airway epithelium, which induces aberrant immunological reactions. Dysregulated functions of asthmatic airway epithelium have been reported in terms of impaired wound repair, fragile tight junctions, and excessive proliferation, leading to airway remodeling, which contributes to aberrant airway responses caused by external pathogens. To maintain airway epithelium integrity, a family of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) have pivotal roles in mechanisms of cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. There are extensive studies focusing on the relation between EGFR and asthma pathophysiology, which describe airway remodeling, airway hypermucus secretion, as well as immunological responses of airway inflammation. Furthermore, the second EGFR family member, erythroblastosis oncogene B2 (ErbB2), has been recognized to be involved with impaired wound recovery and epithelial differentiation in asthmatic airway epithelium. In this review, the roles of the EGFR family in asthmatic airway epithelium are focused on to elucidate the pathogenesis of airway epithelial dysfunction in asthma.
Collapse
|
31
|
Yu WH, Wu E, Li Y, Hou HH, Yu SSC, Huang PT, Kuo WH, Qi D, Yu CJ. Matrix Metalloprotease-7 Mediates Nucleolar Assembly and Intra-nucleolar Cleaving p53 in Gefitinib-Resistant Cancer Stem Cells. iScience 2020; 23:101600. [PMID: 33089100 PMCID: PMC7559243 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The enlarged distinct bulky-ball-like nucleolus matrix assembly is observed in most cancer stem cells (CSCs); however, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. We show that matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) shedding MUC-1 SEA domain releases MUC-1 C-ter, facilitating the nucleolus trafficking of p53 in gefitinib-resistant lung CSCs. The nucleolus colocalizations of p53, MUC-1 C-ter, MMP-7 and nucleolin were observed in the CD34+ CXADR+ CD44v3+ gefitinib-resistant EGFRL858R/T790M CSC colonies. MUC-1 C-ter induced a unique porous bulky-ball-shaped, cagelike nucleolus that functions as a nucleus molecular “garage” for potent tumor suppressor, p53. Nucleolus could also facilitate the novel sub-nucleus compartment for proteolytic processing p53 by MMP-7 to generate a 35 kDa fragment. Moreover, we show that salinomycin, an anti-CSC agent, disrupts nucleolus by inducing nucleoplasm translocation of p53 and sensitizing CSC to chemotherapy drugs. Thus, this study highlights the MMP-7-MUC-1-p53 axis in nucleolus as a potential therapeutic target for anti-CSCs to resolve the chemotherapy-resistance dilemma. MMP-7 cleaves the SEA domain of MUC-1 and releases MUC-1 C-ter MUC-1 C-ter mediates bulky-ball-like nucleolus assembly trapping p53 in nucleolus MMP-7 cleaves p53 to 35 kDa fragments in the nucleolus of gefitinib-resistant CSCs Salinomycin induces p53 nucleoplasm translocation sensitizing CSCs to gefitinib
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsuan Yu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.,Molecular Image Center, College of Medicine. National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Erxi Wu
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX 76508, USA.,Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA.,Livestrong Cancer Institutes and Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Yongqing Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health Systems North Campus Research Complex, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hsin-Han Hou
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Shuan-Su C Yu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Po-Tsang Huang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Kuo
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan
| | - Dan Qi
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX 76508, USA
| | - Chong-Jen Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Breugelmans T, Van Spaendonk H, De Man JG, De Schepper HU, Jauregui-Amezaga A, Macken E, Lindén SK, Pintelon I, Timmermans JP, De Winter BY, Smet A. In-Depth Study of Transmembrane Mucins in Association with Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction During the Course of T Cell Transfer and DSS-Induced Colitis. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:974-994. [PMID: 32003421 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is evidence for a disturbed intestinal barrier function in inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD] but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Because mucins represent the major components of the mucus barrier and disturbed mucin expression is reported in the colon of IBD patients, we studied the association between mucin expression, inflammation and intestinal permeability in experimental colitis. METHODS We quantified 4-kDa FITC-dextran intestinal permeability and the expression of cytokines, mucins, junctional and polarity proteins at dedicated time points in the adoptive T cell transfer and dextran sodium sulfate [DSS]-induced colitis models. Mucin expression was also validated in biopsies from IBD patients. RESULTS In both animal models, the course of colitis was associated with increased interleukin-1β [IL-1β] and tumour necrosis factor-α [TNF-α] expression and increased Muc1 and Muc13 expression. In the T cell transfer model, a gradually increasing Muc1 expression coincided with gradually increasing 4-kDa FITC-dextran intestinal permeability and correlated with enhanced IL-1β expression. In the DSS model, Muc13 expression coincided with rapidly increased 4-kDa FITC-dextran intestinal permeability and correlated with TNF-α and Muc1 overexpression. Moreover, a significant association was observed between Muc1, Cldn1, Ocln, Par3 and aPKCζ expression in the T cell transfer model and between Muc13, Cldn1, Jam2, Tjp2, aPkcζ, Crb3 and Scrib expression in the DSS model. Additionally, MUC1 and MUC13 expression was upregulated in inflamed mucosa of IBD patients. CONCLUSIONS Aberrantly expressed MUC1 and MUC13 might be involved in intestinal barrier dysfunction upon inflammation by affecting junctional and cell polarity proteins, indicating their potential as therapeutic targets in IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Breugelmans
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hanne Van Spaendonk
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joris G De Man
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Heiko U De Schepper
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Elisabeth Macken
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sara K Lindén
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Isabel Pintelon
- Laboratory of Cell Biology & Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Timmermans
- Laboratory of Cell Biology & Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Y De Winter
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Annemieke Smet
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang S, Zhang W, Xiao Y, Qin T, Yue Y, Qian W, Shen X, Ma Q, Wang Z. Targeting MUC15 Protein in Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 20:647-653. [PMID: 32479243 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620666200601140639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MUC15, a member of the mucin family, is a heavily glycosylated transmembrane protein with the primary functions of lubricating surfaces, establishing a selective molecular barrier at the epithelium and mediating signal transduction. Aberrant expression of MUC15 plays a crucial role in the progression of multiple diseases, including malignant tumors. MUC15 has been identified as a tumor suppressor, but current evidence indicate its function as an oncogene in different types of cancers. MUC15 has been shown to be involved in the development of cancer and influence cellular growth, adhesion, invasion, metastasis and immune immunomodulation. However, the precise role of MUC15 in tumour development has not been thoroughly clarified. Here, we systematically summarize the structure and function of MUC15 in cancer, and discuss its potential role in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wunai Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tao Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yangyang Yue
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Weikun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Barbry P, Cavard A, Chanson M, Jaffe AB, Plasschaert LW. Regeneration of airway epithelial cells to study rare cell states in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2020; 19 Suppl 1:S42-S46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
35
|
Bi J, Koivisto L, Dai J, Zhuang D, Jiang G, Larjava M, Shen Y, Bi L, Liu F, Haapasalo M, Häkkinen L, Larjava H. Epidermal growth factor receptor signaling suppresses αvβ6 integrin and promotes periodontal inflammation and bone loss. J Cell Sci 2019; 133:jcs.236588. [PMID: 31722981 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.236588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In periodontal disease (PD), bacterial biofilms cause gingival inflammation, leading to bone loss. In healthy individuals, αvβ6 integrin in junctional epithelium maintains anti-inflammatory transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signaling, whereas its expression is lost in individuals with PD. Bacterial biofilms suppress β6 integrin expression in cultured gingival epithelial cells (GECs) by attenuating TGF-β1 signaling, leading to an enhanced pro-inflammatory response. In the present study, we show that GEC exposure to biofilms induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Inhibition of EGFR and ERK stunted both the biofilm-induced ITGB6 suppression and IL1B stimulation. Furthermore, biofilm induced the expression of endogenous EGFR ligands that suppressed ITGB6 and stimulated IL1B expression, indicating that the effects of the biofilm were mediated by autocrine EGFR signaling. Biofilm and EGFR ligands induced inhibitory phosphorylation of the TGF-β1 signaling mediator Smad3 at S208. Overexpression of a phosphorylation-defective mutant of Smad3 (S208A) reduced the β6 integrin suppression. Furthermore, inhibition of EGFR signaling significantly reduced bone loss and inflammation in an experimental PD model. Thus, EGFR inhibition may provide a target for clinical therapies to prevent inflammation and bone loss in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Bi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Leeni Koivisto
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Jiayin Dai
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Deshu Zhuang
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Guoqiao Jiang
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Milla Larjava
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ya Shen
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Liangjia Bi
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Markus Haapasalo
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lari Häkkinen
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Hannu Larjava
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhang Z, Zwick S, Loew E, Grimley JS, Ramanathan S. Mouse embryo geometry drives formation of robust signaling gradients through receptor localization. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4516. [PMID: 31586065 PMCID: PMC6778081 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12533-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphogen signals are essential for cell fate specification during embryogenesis. Some receptors that sense these morphogens are known to localize to only the apical or basolateral membrane of polarized cell lines in vitro. How such localization affects morphogen sensing and patterning in the developing embryo remains unknown. Here, we show that the formation of a robust BMP signaling gradient in the early mouse embryo depends on the restricted, basolateral localization of BMP receptors. The mis-localization of receptors to the apical membrane results in ectopic BMP signaling in the mouse epiblast in vivo. With evidence from mathematical modeling, human embryonic stem cells in vitro, and mouse embryos in vivo, we find that the geometric compartmentalization of BMP receptors and ligands creates a signaling gradient that is buffered against fluctuations. Our results demonstrate the importance of receptor localization and embryo geometry in shaping morphogen signaling during embryogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhechun Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | - Steven Zwick
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Ethan Loew
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Joshua S Grimley
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Universal Cells, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA
| | - Sharad Ramanathan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li H, Shao F, Qian B, Sun Y, Huang Z, Ding Z, Dong L, Chen J, Zhang J, Zang Y. Upregulation of HER2 in tubular epithelial cell drives fibroblast activation and renal fibrosis. Kidney Int 2019; 96:674-688. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
38
|
Lorch G, Sivaprakasam K, Zismann V, Perdigones N, Contente-Cuomo T, Nazareno A, Facista S, Wong S, Drenner K, Liang WS, Amann JM, Sinicropi-Yao SL, Koenig MJ, La Perle K, Whitsett TG, Murtaza M, Trent JM, Carbone DP, Hendricks WPD. Identification of Recurrent Activating HER2 Mutations in Primary Canine Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:5866-5877. [PMID: 31431454 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Naturally occurring primary canine lung cancers share clinicopathologic features with human lung cancers in never-smokers, but the genetic underpinnings of canine lung cancer are unknown. We have charted the genomic landscape of canine lung cancer and performed functional characterization of novel, recurrent HER2 (ERBB2) mutations occurring in canine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (cPAC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed multiplatform genomic sequencing of 88 primary canine lung tumors or cell lines. Additionally, in cPAC cell lines, we performed functional characterization of HER2 signaling and evaluated mutation-dependent HER2 inhibitor drug dose-response. RESULTS We discovered somatic, coding HER2 point mutations in 38% of cPACs (28/74), but none in adenosquamous (cPASC, 0/11) or squamous cell (cPSCC, 0/3) carcinomas. The majority (93%) of HER2 mutations were hotspot V659E transmembrane domain (TMD) mutations comparable to activating mutations at this same site in human cancer. Other HER2 mutations were located in the extracellular domain and TMD. HER2 V659E was detected in the plasma of 33% (2/6) of dogs with localized HER2 V659E tumors. HER2 V659E cPAC cell lines displayed constitutive phosphorylation of AKT and significantly higher sensitivity to the HER2 inhibitors lapatinib and neratinib relative to HER2-wild-type cell lines (IC50 < 200 nmol/L in HER2 V659E vs. IC50 > 2,500 nmol/L in HER2 WT). CONCLUSIONS This study creates a foundation for molecular understanding of and drug development for canine lung cancer. These data also establish molecular contexts for comparative studies in dogs and humans of low mutation burden, never-smoker lung cancer, and mutant HER2 function and inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolen Lorch
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shukmei Wong
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Kevin Drenner
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Winnie S Liang
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Joseph M Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine, James Thoracic Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sara L Sinicropi-Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, James Thoracic Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Michael J Koenig
- Department of Internal Medicine, James Thoracic Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Krista La Perle
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Comparative Pathology and Mouse Phenotyping Shared Resource, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | | | | | - David P Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, James Thoracic Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Daines M, Zhu L, Pereira R, Zhou X, Bondy C, Pryor BM, Zhou J, Chen Y. Alternaria induces airway epithelial cytokine expression independent of protease-activated receptor. Respirology 2019; 25:502-510. [PMID: 31430011 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE A novel fungal allergen, Alternaria (Alt), has been previously shown to associate with the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Airway epithelial cells are among the first to encounter Alt, and epithelial cytokine production and subsequent airway inflammation are early events in the response to Alt exposure. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. As protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) has been implicated in most of the Alt-induced biological events, we investigated the regulation of airway inflammation and epithelial cytokine expression by PAR2. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and Par2 knockout (Par2-KO) mice were used to evaluate the in vivo role of PAR2. Primary human and mouse airway epithelial cells were used to examine the mechanistic basis of epithelial cytokine regulation in vitro. RESULTS Surprisingly, Par2 deficiency had no negative impact on the change of lung function, inflammation and cytokine production in the mouse model of Alt-induced asthma. Alt-induced cytokine production in murine airway epithelial cells from Par2-KO mice was not significantly different from the WT cells. Consistently, PAR2 knockdown in human cells also had no effect on cytokine expression. In contrast, the cytokine expressions induced by synthetic PAR2 agonist or other asthma-related allergens (e.g. cockroach extracts) were indeed mediated via a PAR2-dependent mechanism. Finally, we found that EGFR pathway was responsible for Alt-induced epithelial cytokine expression. CONCLUSION The activation of EGFR, but not PAR2, was likely to drive the airway inflammation and epithelial cytokine production induced by Alt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Daines
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Lingxiang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Rhea Pereira
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Cheryl Bondy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Barry M Pryor
- School of Plant Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Yin Chen
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mishra R, Foster DG, Finigan JH, Kern JA. Interleukin-6 is required for Neuregulin-1 induced HER2 signaling in lung epithelium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:794-799. [PMID: 31000198 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A clear understanding of the mechanisms that regulate the alveolar epithelium's barrier is critical to develop new therapeutic strategies to mitigate lung injury. The HER2/HER3 receptor tyrosine kinase complex plays a central role in maintaining the alveolar-capillary barrier. This receptor complex is activated by its ligand, neuregulin-1 (NRG-1). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is also known to induce HER2 signaling through HER2 transphosphorylation by the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) complex (1). Due to this interaction, we hypothesized that NRG-1 and IL-6 cooperatively interacted to activate the HER2/HER3 complex. Studies were performed in cultured pulmonary epithelial cells measuring the HER2/IL-6/IL-6R/GP130 interaction and receptor activation by western blotting and confocal microscopy, IL-6 production by ELISA, and IL-6 inhibition using specific antibodies, small molecule inhibitors and shRNA. We found that IL-6 was required for NRG-1 induced activation of HER2 in pulmonary epithelial cells. IL-6 inhibition led to a decrease in NRG-1 induced HER2 activation. The IL-6R and GP130, a subunit of the IL-6R complex, were physically associated with HER2 and were required for NRG-1 induced HER2 activation. Inhibition of GP130, the β-subunit of the IL-6 receptor decreased NRG-1 induced HER2 activation lower than control by 38% Finally, HER2 activation increased IL-6 secretion more than two-fold over resting cells (526 ± 131 vs 231 ± 39.7 pg/ml), and inhibition of HER2 gene expression decreased basal IL-6 secretion over 80% (89 + 4.6 vs 1.3 + 0.8 pg/ml). These findings identify a requirement for IL-6 and the IL-6R complex to allow NRG-1 mediated HER2 activation, and a HER2 driven IL-6 production feedback loop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rangnath Mishra
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Daniel G Foster
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - James H Finigan
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Kern
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Sakornsakolpat P, McCormack M, Bakke P, Gulsvik A, Make BJ, Crapo JD, Cho MH, Silverman EK. Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Single-Breath Dl CO. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 60:523-531. [PMID: 30694715 PMCID: PMC6503619 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0384oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DlCO is a widely used pulmonary function test in clinical practice and a particularly useful measure for assessing patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesized that elucidating genetic determinants of DlCO could lead to better understanding of the genetic architecture of COPD. We estimated the heritability of DlCO using common genetic variants and performed genome-wide association analyses in four cohorts enriched for subjects with COPD (COPDGene [Genetic Epidemiology of COPD], NETT [National Emphysema Treatment Trial], GenKOLS [Genetics of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease study], and TESRA [Treatment of Emphysema With a Gamma-Selective Retinoid Agonist study]) using a combined European ancestry white dataset and a COPDGene African American dataset. We assessed our genome-wide significant and suggestive associations for DlCO in previously reported genome-wide association studies of COPD and related traits. We also characterized associations of known COPD-associated variants and DlCO. We estimated the SNP-based heritability of DlCO in the European ancestry white population to be 22% (P = 0.0004). We identified three genome-wide significant associations with DlCO: variants near TGFB2, CHRNA3, and PDE11A loci (P < 5 × 10-8). In addition, 12 loci were suggestively associated with DlCO in European ancestry white (P < 1 × 10-5 in the combined analysis and P < 0.05 in both COPDGene and GenKOLS), including variants near NEGR1, CADM2, PCDH7, RETREG1, DACT2, NRG1, ANKRD18A, KRT86, NTN4, ARHGAP28, INSR, and PCBP3. Some DlCO-associated variants were also associated with COPD, emphysema, and/or spirometric values. Among 25 previously reported COPD loci, TGFB2, CHRNA3/CHRNA5, FAM13A, DSP, and CYP2A6 were associated with DlCO (P < 0.001). We identified several genetic loci that were significantly associated with DlCO and characterized effects of known COPD-associated loci on DlCO. These results could lead to better understanding of the heterogeneous nature of COPD.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases/genetics
- 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases/metabolism
- Adult
- Black People
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6/genetics
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6/metabolism
- Desmoplakins/genetics
- Desmoplakins/metabolism
- Female
- GTPase-Activating Proteins/genetics
- GTPase-Activating Proteins/metabolism
- Gene Expression
- Genetic Loci
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Genome, Human
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Humans
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/physiopathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/ethnology
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/genetics
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/metabolism
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology
- Pulmonary Emphysema/ethnology
- Pulmonary Emphysema/genetics
- Pulmonary Emphysema/metabolism
- Pulmonary Emphysema/physiopathology
- Receptors, Nicotinic/genetics
- Receptors, Nicotinic/metabolism
- Respiratory Function Tests
- Spirometry
- Transforming Growth Factor beta2/genetics
- Transforming Growth Factor beta2/metabolism
- White People
- Black or African American
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phuwanat Sakornsakolpat
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Meredith McCormack
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, and
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Per Bakke
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; and
| | - Amund Gulsvik
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; and
| | - Barry J. Make
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - James D. Crapo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Michael H. Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edwin K. Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Gu R, Wang Y, Wu S, Wang Y, Li P, Xu L, Zhou Y, Chen Z, Kennelly EJ, Long C. Three new compounds with nitric oxide inhibitory activity from Tirpitzia sinensis, an ethnomedicinal plant from Southwest China. BMC Chem 2019; 13:47. [PMID: 31384795 PMCID: PMC6661779 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-019-0568-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The medicinal plant Tirpitzia sinensis has been used by the Zhuang ethnic people in mountainous areas of Southwest China to stop bleeding, invigorate blood circulation, and treat inflammation and wounds. In order to further explore its traditional medicinal uses, the phytochemical constituents of this species were examined. Three new compounds, the lignan tirpitzin (1), the flavonoid tirpitzoside (2), and the furan-glycoside tirpitziol (3), along with five known compounds were isolated from the aerial part of T. sinensis for the first time. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR, LC/MS, IR spectrometric methods and compared with published data. The results of an in silico pharmacophore-based analysis showed potential targets of the new compounds, including ERBB2, IRAK4, LCK, JAK2, MAPK14, and MMP-12. These targets suggested that 1-3 may be involved with wound-healing and/or inflammation, leading to an in vitro assay of nitric oxide (NO) inhibition assays with lipopolysaccharide-induced BV-2 cells. All three new compounds displayed moderate NO inhibitory activity with the IC50 values of 14.97 ± 0.87, 26.63 ± 1.32, and 17.09 ± 2.3 μM, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronghui Gu
- 1College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, 27 Zhongguancun South Ave., Haidian, Beijing, 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuehu Wang
- 2Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650201 People's Republic of China
| | - Shibiao Wu
- 3Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, New York, 10468 USA
| | - Yeling Wang
- 1College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, 27 Zhongguancun South Ave., Haidian, Beijing, 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- 1College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, 27 Zhongguancun South Ave., Haidian, Beijing, 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xu
- 1College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, 27 Zhongguancun South Ave., Haidian, Beijing, 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhou
- 1College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, 27 Zhongguancun South Ave., Haidian, Beijing, 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Ze'e Chen
- 1College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, 27 Zhongguancun South Ave., Haidian, Beijing, 100081 People's Republic of China
| | - Edward J Kennelly
- 1College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, 27 Zhongguancun South Ave., Haidian, Beijing, 100081 People's Republic of China.,3Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, New York, 10468 USA.,4Ph.D. Programs in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Ave., New York, 10016 USA
| | - Chunlin Long
- 1College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, 27 Zhongguancun South Ave., Haidian, Beijing, 100081 People's Republic of China.,2Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650201 People's Republic of China.,5Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Minzu University of China, Ministry of Education, 27 Zhongguancun South Ave., Haidian, Beijing, 100081 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lee SN, Ahn JS, Lee SG, Lee HS, Choi AMK, Yoon JH. Integrins αvβ5 and αvβ6 Mediate IL-4–induced Collective Migration in Human Airway Epithelial Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 60:420-433. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0081oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seong Gyu Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Suk Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Augustine M. K. Choi
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York; and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- The Airway Mucus Institute and
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Inoue H, Hattori T, Zhou X, Etling EB, Modena BD, Trudeau JB, Holguin F, Wenzel SE. Dysfunctional ErbB2, an EGF receptor family member, hinders repair of airway epithelial cells from asthmatic patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 143:2075-2085.e10. [PMID: 30639343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic and genomic data increasingly point to the airway epithelium as critical to asthma pathogenesis. Epithelial growth factor (EGF) family members play a fundamental role in epithelial differentiation, proliferation, and repair. Although expression of erythroblastosis oncogene B2 (ErbB2) mRNA, an EGF family receptor, was reported to be lower in asthmatic patients, little is understood about its functional role. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether decreased ErbB2 activation in freshly isolated human airway epithelial cells (HAECs) from asthmatic patients associated with impaired wound closure in vitro. METHODS An in vitro scratch-wound model of air-liquid interface cultured and freshly isolated HAECs were compared between HAECs from healthy control subjects (HCs) and asthmatic patients in relation to ErbB2. RESULTS Freshly brushed HAECs from asthmatic patients had impaired ErbB2 activation compared with those from HCs. In an in vitro scratch-wound model, HAECs from asthmatic patients showed delayed wound closure compared with HAECs from HCs. Cell proliferation, as assessed based on [3H] thymidine incorporation after wounding, and expression or activation of ErbB2 and cyclin D1 at the leading edge of the wound were lower in HAECs from asthmatic patients and HCs. A selective ErbB2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, mubritinib, impaired wound closure and decreased cyclin D1 expression in healthy HAECs, with less effect on cells from asthmatic patients, supporting diminished activity in asthmatic patients. CONCLUSION These results implicate a primary defect in the ErbB2 pathway as constraining epithelial repair processes in asthmatic patients. Restoration of homeostatic ErbB2 function should be considered a novel asthma therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Inoue
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Division of Pulmonary and Allergy Medicine, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hattori
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Xiuxia Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Emily B Etling
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Brian D Modena
- Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, Calif; Department of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Scripps Health, San Diego, Calif
| | - John B Trudeau
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Fernando Holguin
- Division of Medicine-Pulmonary Sciences & Critical Care, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo
| | - Sally E Wenzel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhang J, Wang Q, Abdul-Aziz D, Mattiacio J, Edge ASB, White PM. ERBB2 signaling drives supporting cell proliferation in vitro and apparent supernumerary hair cell formation in vivo in the neonatal mouse cochlea. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 48:3299-3316. [PMID: 30270571 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, cochlear hair cells are not regenerated once they are lost, leading to permanent hearing deficits. In other vertebrates, the adjacent supporting cells act as a stem cell compartment, in that they both proliferate and differentiate into de novo auditory hair cells. Although there is evidence that mammalian cochlear supporting cells can differentiate into new hair cells, the signals that regulate this process are poorly characterized. We hypothesize that signaling from the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family may play a role in cochlear regeneration. We focus on one such member, ERBB2, and report the effects of expressing a constitutively active ERBB2 receptor in neonatal mouse cochlear supporting cells, using viruses and transgenic expression. Lineage tracing with fluorescent reporter proteins was used to determine the relationships between cells with active ERBB2 signaling and cells that divided or differentiated into hair cells. In vitro, individual supporting cells harbouring a constitutively active ERBB2 receptor appeared to signal to their neighbouring supporting cells, inducing them to down-regulate a supporting cell marker and to proliferate. In vivo, we found supernumerary hair cell-like cells near supporting cells that expressed ERBB2 receptors. Both supporting cell proliferation and hair cell differentiation were largely reproduced in vitro using small molecules that we show also activate ERBB2. Our data suggest that signaling from the receptor tyrosine kinase ERBB2 can drive the activation of secondary signaling pathways to regulate regeneration, suggesting a new model where an interplay of cell signaling regulates regeneration by endogenous stem-like cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dunia Abdul-Aziz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jonelle Mattiacio
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York
| | - Albert S B Edge
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts.,Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Patricia M White
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ernest J. Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Chiang CJ, Lin LJ, Wu CP, Chen CJ, Chao YP. Development of Nanoscale Oil Bodies for Targeted Treatment of Lung Cancer. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:9438-9445. [PMID: 30122032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most widespread disease and is frequently associated with a high level of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). This study was thus conducted to provide a proof-of-concept approach for targeted therapy of lung cancer by development of nanoscale oil bodies (NOBs). This was carried out by fusion of anti-EGFR affibody (ZEGFR2) with oleosin (Ole), a structure protein of plant seed oils. The fusion protein (Ole-ZEGFR2) was produced in Escherichia coli. NOBs were spontaneously assembled from plant oil, phospholipids, and Ole-ZEGFR2. Consequently, Ole-ZEGFR2-based NOBs were selectively internalized by EGFR-positive lung cancer cells with an efficiency exceeding 90%. Furthermore, the hydrophobic anticancer drug, camptothecin (CPT), was encapsulated into Ole-ZEGFR2-based NOBs. The administration of the CPT formulation based on NOBs resulted in a strong antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yun-Peng Chao
- Department of Medical Research , China Medical University Hospital , Taichung 40447 , Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Feng Chia University , 100 Wenhwa Road , Taichung 40724 , Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology , Asia University , Taichung 41354 , Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Hasan S, Sebo P, Osicka R. A guide to polarized airway epithelial models for studies of host-pathogen interactions. FEBS J 2018; 285:4343-4358. [PMID: 29896776 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian lungs are organs exhibiting the cellular and spatial complexity required for gas exchange to support life. The respiratory epithelium internally lining the airways is susceptible to infections due to constant exposure to inhaled microbes. Biomedical research into respiratory bacterial infections in humans has been mostly carried out using small mammalian animal models or two-dimensional, submerged cultures of undifferentiated epithelial cells. These experimental model systems have considerable limitations due to host specificity of bacterial pathogens and lack of cellular and morphological complexity. This review describes the in vitro differentiated and polarized airway epithelial cells of human origin that are used as a model to study respiratory bacterial infections. Overall, these models recapitulate key aspects of the complexity observed in vivo and can help in elucidating the molecular details of disease processes observed during respiratory bacterial infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shakir Hasan
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v. v. i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Sebo
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v. v. i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Osicka
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v. v. i., Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Chiasson-MacKenzie C, McClatchey AI. Cell-Cell Contact and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:cshperspect.a029215. [PMID: 28716887 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a029215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The behavior of cells within tissues is governed by the activities of adhesion receptors that provide spatial cues and transmit forces through intercellular junctions, and by growth-factor receptors, particularly receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), that respond to biochemical signals from the environment. Coordination of these two activities is essential for the patterning and polarized migration of cells during morphogenesis and for homeostasis in mature tissues; loss of this coordination is a hallmark of developing cancer and driver of metastatic progression. Although much is known about the individual functions of adhesion and growth factor receptors, we have a surprisingly superficial understanding of the mechanisms by which their activities are coordinated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Chiasson-MacKenzie
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Departments of Pathology, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Andrea I McClatchey
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Departments of Pathology, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Piulats JM, Kondo J, Endo H, Ono H, Hagihara T, Okuyama H, Nishizawa Y, Tomita Y, Ohue M, Okita K, Oyama H, Bono H, Masuko T, Inoue M. Promotion of malignant phenotype after disruption of the three-dimensional structure of cultured spheroids from colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:15968-15983. [PMID: 29662620 PMCID: PMC5882311 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual and small clusters of cancer cells may detach from the edges of a main tumor and invade vessels, which can act as the origin of metastasis; however, the mechanism for this phenomenon is not well understood. Using cancer tissue-originated spheroids, we studied whether disturbing the 3D architecture of cancer spheroids can provoke the reformation process and progression of malignancy. We developed a mechanical disruption method to achieve homogenous disruption of the spheroids while maintaining cell–cell contact. After the disruption, 9 spheroid lines from 9 patient samples reformed within a few hours, and 3 of the 9 lines exhibited accelerated spheroid growth. Marker expression, spheroid forming capacity, and tumorigenesis indicated that stemness increased after spheroid disruption. In addition, the spheroid forming capacity increased in 6 of 11 spheroid lines. The disruption signature determined by gene expression profiling supported the incidence of remodeling and predicted the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. Furthermore, WNT and HER3 signaling were increased in the reformed spheroids, and suppression of these signaling pathways attenuated the increased proliferation and stemness after the disruption. Overall, the disruption and subsequent reformation of cancer spheroids promoted malignancy-related phenotypes through the activation of the WNT and ERBB pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Piulats
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan.,Current Affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jumpei Kondo
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroko Endo
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Ono
- Database Center for Life Science (DBCLS), Research Organization of Information and Systems (ROIS), Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hagihara
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Okuyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuko Nishizawa
- Pathology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tomita
- Pathology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohue
- Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kouki Okita
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kinki University, Higashiōsaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidejiro Oyama
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kinki University, Higashiōsaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Bono
- Database Center for Life Science (DBCLS), Research Organization of Information and Systems (ROIS), Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Masuko
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kinki University, Higashiōsaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Inoue
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hasan S, Kulkarni NN, Asbjarnarson A, Linhartova I, Osicka R, Sebo P, Gudmundsson GH. Bordetella pertussis Adenylate Cyclase Toxin Disrupts Functional Integrity of Bronchial Epithelial Layers. Infect Immun 2018; 86:e00445-17. [PMID: 29203545 PMCID: PMC5820963 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00445-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The airway epithelium restricts the penetration of inhaled pathogens into the underlying tissue and plays a crucial role in the innate immune defense against respiratory infections. The whooping cough agent, Bordetella pertussis, adheres to ciliated cells of the human airway epithelium and subverts its defense functions through the action of secreted toxins and other virulence factors. We examined the impact of B. pertussis infection and of adenylate cyclase toxin-hemolysin (CyaA) action on the functional integrity of human bronchial epithelial cells cultured at the air-liquid interface (ALI). B. pertussis adhesion to the apical surface of polarized pseudostratified VA10 cell layers provoked a disruption of tight junctions and caused a drop in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). The reduction of TEER depended on the capacity of the secreted CyaA toxin to elicit cAMP signaling in epithelial cells through its adenylyl cyclase enzyme activity. Both purified CyaA and cAMP-signaling drugs triggered a decrease in the TEER of VA10 cell layers. Toxin-produced cAMP signaling caused actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and induced mucin 5AC production and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion, while it inhibited the IL-17A-induced secretion of the IL-8 chemokine and of the antimicrobial peptide beta-defensin 2. These results indicate that CyaA toxin activity compromises the barrier and innate immune functions of Bordetella-infected airway epithelia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shakir Hasan
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Irena Linhartova
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Osicka
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Sebo
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | | |
Collapse
|