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Djerroudi L, El Sabeh-Ayoun A, Benoist C, Pierron G, Masliah-Planchon J, Fuhrmann L, Kieffer Y, Carton M, Ramtohul T, Callens C, Renault V, Bidard FC, Mechta-Grigoriou F, Vincent-Salomon A. Molecular and Clinical Portrait of HER2-low Invasive Lobular Carcinomas. Mod Pathol 2024; 37:100463. [PMID: 38428737 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Invasive lobular carcinomas (ILCs) have a low frequency of ERBB2 amplification, therefore restricting the use of conventional anti-HER2 therapies for this histologic special type. Conversely, ILCs with low HER2 overexpression may represent a broader target for the use of emerging antibody drug conjugate therapies targeting HER2, since these treatments have proven effective in HER2-low breast cancers. Very scarce data about HER2-low ILCs have been so far published, although these tumors could have different prevalence and histomolecular specificities compared with invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (IBC-NST). Our aims in that context were to decipher the clinicopathological and molecular features of a large series of HER2-low ILCs. Comparative evaluation of HER2-low prevalence was done based on a retrospective series of 7970 patients from Institut Curie, with either primary invasive lobular (N = 1103) or no special type (N = 6867) invasive carcinoma. Clinicopathological and molecular analyses of HER2-zero, HER2-low, and HER2-positive ILCs were performed on a subgroup of 251 patients who underwent surgery for a primary ILC between 2005 and 2008. The mutational profile of these 251 cases was determined from RNAseq data. Compared with HER2-negative IBC-NSTs, the HER2-negative ILCs were found to display a higher frequency of HER2-zero cases (59.4% vs 53.7%) and a lower frequency of HER2-low (40.6% vs 46.3%) (P < .001). Clinicopathological features associated with HER2-low status (vs HER2-zero) in ILC were older age, postmenopausal status, nonclassic ILC histological types, higher grade, proliferation, and estrogen receptor expression levels. Survival curve analysis showed a significantly lower risk of local recurrence for HER2-low (vs HER2-zero) ILCs, but no association was found between HER2 status and either breast cancer-specific survival or distant metastasis-free interval. ERBB3 was the unique mutated gene exclusively associated with HER2-low ILCs yet being mutated at a low frequency (7.1%) (false discovery rate < 0.05). In conclusion, HER2-low ILCs exhibit their own particularities, both on clinical-pathological and molecular levels. Our findings call for larger multicenter validation studies.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Female
- Carcinoma, Lobular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Lobular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Lobular/therapy
- Carcinoma, Lobular/drug therapy
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/therapy
- Middle Aged
- Aged
- Retrospective Studies
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Adult
- Mutation
- Aged, 80 and over
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Affiliation(s)
- Lounes Djerroudi
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine, Paris, France; Institut Curie, Stress and Cancer laboratory, Inserm U830, PSL University, Paris, France.
| | - Ahmad El Sabeh-Ayoun
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine, Paris, France
| | - Camille Benoist
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Clinical Bioinformatics, Paris, France
| | - Gaelle Pierron
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine, Paris, France
| | - Julien Masliah-Planchon
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Fuhrmann
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine, Paris, France
| | - Yann Kieffer
- Institut Curie, Stress and Cancer laboratory, Inserm U830, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Carton
- Department of Statistics, Institut Curie, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Toulsie Ramtohul
- Department of Radiology, Institut Curie, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Celine Callens
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine, Paris, France
| | - Victor Renault
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Clinical Bioinformatics, Paris, France
| | - François-Clément Bidard
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Université Versailles Saint Quentin, Saint Cloud, France
| | | | - Anne Vincent-Salomon
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine, Paris, France
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Tozbikian G, Krishnamurthy S, Bui MM, Feldman M, Hicks DG, Jaffer S, Khoury T, Wei S, Wen H, Pohlmann P. Emerging Landscape of Targeted Therapy of Breast Cancers With Low Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Protein Expression. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2024; 148:242-255. [PMID: 37014972 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2022-0335-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status in breast cancer is currently classified as negative or positive for selecting patients for anti-HER2 targeted therapy. The evolution of the HER2 status has included a new HER2-low category defined as an HER2 immunohistochemistry score of 1+ or 2+ without gene amplification. This new category opens the door to a targetable HER2-low breast cancer population for which new treatments may be effective. OBJECTIVE.— To review the current literature on the emerging category of breast cancers with low HER2 protein expression, including the clinical, histopathologic, and molecular features, and outline the clinical trials and best practice recommendations for identifying HER2-low-expressing breast cancers by immunohistochemistry. DATA SOURCES.— We conducted a literature review based on peer-reviewed original articles, review articles, regulatory communications, ongoing and past clinical trials identified through ClinicalTrials.gov, and the authors' practice experience. CONCLUSIONS.— The availability of new targeted therapy potentially effective for patients with breast cancers with low HER2 protein expression requires multidisciplinary recognition. In particular, pathologists need to recognize and identify this category to allow the optimal selection of patients for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Tozbikian
- From the Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus (Tozbikian)
| | - Savitri Krishnamurthy
- the Department of Pathology (Krishnamurthy), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Marilyn M Bui
- the Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida (Bui)
| | - Michael Feldman
- the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Feldman)
| | - David G Hicks
- the Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Hicks)
| | - Shabnam Jaffer
- the Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York (Jaffer)
| | - Thaer Khoury
- the Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York (Khoury)
| | - Shi Wei
- the Department of Pathology, University of Kansas Medical Center; Kansas City (Wei)
| | - Hannah Wen
- the Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, New York (Wen)
| | - Paula Pohlmann
- the Department of Breast Medical Oncology (Pohlmann), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
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Yazdan M, Naghib SM, Mozafari MR. Liposomal Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Breast Cancer Therapy: Recent Advances and Progresses. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2024; 24:896-915. [PMID: 38529608 DOI: 10.2174/0118715206293653240322041047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a highly prevalent disease on a global scale, with a 30% incidence rate among women and a 14% mortality rate. Developing countries bear a disproportionate share of the disease burden, while countries with greater technological advancements exhibit a higher incidence. A mere 7% of women under the age of 40 are diagnosed with breast cancer, and the prevalence of this ailment is significantly diminished among those aged 35 and younger. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgical intervention comprise the treatment protocol. However, the ongoing quest for a definitive cure for breast cancer continues. The propensity for cancer stem cells to metastasize and resistance to treatment constitute their Achilles' heel. The advancement of drug delivery techniques that target cancer cells specifically holds significant promise in terms of facilitating timely detection and effective intervention. Novel approaches to pharmaceutical delivery, including nanostructures and liposomes, may bring about substantial changes in the way breast cancer is managed. These systems offer a multitude of advantages, such as heightened bioavailability, enhanced solubility, targeted tumor destruction, and diminished adverse effects. The application of nano-drug delivery systems to administer anti-breast cancer medications is a significant subject of research. This article delves into the domain of breast cancer, conventional treatment methods, the incorporation of nanotechnology into managerial tactics, and strategic approaches aimed at tackling the disease at its core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Yazdan
- Department of Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, 1684613114, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Naghib
- Department of Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, 1684613114, Iran
| | - M R Mozafari
- Australasian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative (ANNI), Monash University LPO, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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Zamanian MY, Golmohammadi M, Nili-Ahmadabadi A, Alameri AA, Al-Hassan M, Alshahrani SH, Hasan MS, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Qasim QA, Heidari M, Verma A. Targeting autophagy with tamoxifen in breast cancer: From molecular mechanisms to targeted therapy. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:1092-1108. [PMID: 37402635 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tamoxifen (TAM) is often recommended as a first-line treatment for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer (BC). However, TAM resistance continues to be a medical challenge for BC with hormone receptor positivity. The function of macro-autophagy and autophagy has recently been identified to be altered in BC, which suggests a potential mechanism for TAM resistance. Autophagy is a cellular stress-induced response to preserve cellular homeostasis. Also, therapy-induced autophagy, which is typically cytoprotective and activated in tumor cells, could sometimes be non-protective, cytostatic, or cytotoxic depending on how it is regulated. OBJECTIVE This review explored the literature on the connections between hormonal therapies and autophagy. We investigated how autophagy could develop drug resistance in BC cells. METHODS Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar were used to search articles for this study. RESULTS The results demonstrated that protein kinases such as pAMPK, BAX, and p-p70S6K could be a sign of autophagy in developing TAM resistance. According to the study's findings, autophagy plays an important role in BC patients' TAM resistance. CONCLUSION Therefore, by overcoming endocrine resistance in estrogen receptor-positive breast tumors, autophagy inhibition may improve the therapeutic efficacy of TAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Golmohammadi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Nili-Ahmadabadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ameer A Alameri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | | | | | - Mohammed Sami Hasan
- Department of Anesthesia Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- University of Palermo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Research Group in Educational Statistics, National University of Education, Azogues, Ecuador
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Mahsa Heidari
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amita Verma
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagari, India
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Varisli L, Dancik GM, Tolan V, Vlahopoulos S. Critical Roles of SRC-3 in the Development and Progression of Breast Cancer, Rendering It a Prospective Clinical Target. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5242. [PMID: 37958417 PMCID: PMC10648290 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCa) is the most frequently diagnosed malignant tumor in women and is also one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Most breast tumors are hormone-dependent and estrogen signaling plays a critical role in promoting the survival and malignant behaviors of these cells. Estrogen signaling involves ligand-activated cytoplasmic estrogen receptors that translocate to the nucleus with various co-regulators, such as steroid receptor co-activator (SRC) family members, and bind to the promoters of target genes and regulate their expression. SRC-3 is a member of this family that interacts with, and enhances, the transcriptional activity of the ligand activated estrogen receptor. Although SRC-3 has important roles in normal homeostasis and developmental processes, it has been shown to be amplified and overexpressed in breast cancer and to promote malignancy. The malignancy-promoting potential of SRC-3 is diverse and involves both promoting malignant behavior of tumor cells and creating a tumor microenvironment that has an immunosuppressive phenotype. SRC-3 also inhibits the recruitment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes with effector function and promotes stemness. Furthermore, SRC-3 is also involved in the development of resistance to hormone therapy and immunotherapy during breast cancer treatment. The versatility of SRC-3 in promoting breast cancer malignancy in this way makes it a good target, and methodical targeting of SRC-3 probably will be important for the success of breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokman Varisli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Dicle University, Diyarbakir 21280, Turkey;
| | - Garrett M. Dancik
- Department of Computer Science, Eastern Connecticut State University, Willimantic, CT 06226, USA;
| | - Veysel Tolan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Dicle University, Diyarbakir 21280, Turkey;
| | - Spiros Vlahopoulos
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon & Levadeias 8, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Zhang S, Yu X, Xiu Y, Qiao K, Jiang C, Huang Y. Clinicopathological Characteristics of Breast Cancer Patients with HER-2 Low Expression Receiving Neoadjuvant Therapy. Oncology 2023; 102:122-130. [PMID: 37669631 DOI: 10.1159/000533787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) low expression breast malignant tumors have become a research hotspot in recent years, but it is still unclear whether HER-2 low expression represents a special subtype of breast cancer. However, this molecular type requires more effective treatment regimens in the neoadjuvant therapy stage. METHODS This study enrolled breast cancer patients who were treated at Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital with neoadjuvant treatment between October 2011 and May 2019 and was a single-center retrospective study. RESULTS A total of 1,053 breast cancer patients who received preoperative therapy, including 279 (26%) HER-2 low expression patients, were included in this retrospective study. The HER-2 low expression group had a higher proportion of patients under 50 years old than the other two molecular subtype groups (p = 0.047, 62.0% vs. 57.2% and 52.5%), and the percentage of patients with Ki67 index above 15% was lower than that in HER-2-negative and HER-2-positive patients (p < 0.001, 50.2% vs. 63.6% and 71.5%). Most of the patients with HER-2 low expression were hormone receptor (HR) positive (p < 0.001, 85.7% vs. 60.4% and 36.0%), and their pathologic complete response (pCR) rate after neoadjuvant therapy was significantly lower than that of HER-2-negative and HER-2-positive patients (p < 0.001, 5.7% vs. 11.8% and 20.5%). The results of the subgroup analysis showed HR-positive patients with HER-2 low expression had a lower pCR rate (p < 0.001, 4.6% vs. 14.6%) and objective response rate (p = 0.001, 77.8% vs. 91.0%) than HER-2-positive patients and had no significant difference in these rates compared to HER-2-negative patients. There were no significant differences in overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) up to 67 months (the median follow-up time) among HER-2 low, HER-2-negative, and HER-2-positive patients. The results of Cox hazard proportional showed that the Ki67 index and T stage (T3) were independent influencing factors for DFS. In terms of OS, Ki67 index, P53, T stage, and objective response were independent influencing factors for OS in HER-2 low expression patients. CONCLUSIONS In general, further studies are needed to confirm that HER-2 low expression is a special breast cancer molecular subtype. The efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy in patients with HER-2 low expression is relatively poor, and the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy can predict the prognosis of patients with HER-2 low expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China,
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yuting Xiu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Kun Qiao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Cong Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanxi Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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Kiliti AJ, Sharif GM, Martin MB, Wellstein A, Riegel AT. AIB1/SRC-3/NCOA3 function in estrogen receptor alpha positive breast cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1250218. [PMID: 37711895 PMCID: PMC10498919 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1250218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a steroid receptor that is pivotal in the initiation and progression of most breast cancers. ERα regulates gene transcription through recruitment of essential coregulators, including the steroid receptor coactivator AIB1 (Amplified in Breast Cancer 1). AIB1 itself is an oncogene that is overexpressed in a subset of breast cancers and is known to play a role in tumor progression and resistance to endocrine therapy through multiple mechanisms. Here we review the normal and pathological functions of AIB1 in regard to its ERα-dependent and ERα-independent actions, as well as its genomic conservation and protein evolution. We also outline the efforts to target AIB1 in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber J. Kiliti
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Ghada M. Sharif
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Mary Beth Martin
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Anton Wellstein
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Anna T. Riegel
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
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Geukens T, De Schepper M, Richard F, Maetens M, Van Baelen K, Mahdami A, Nguyen HL, Isnaldi E, Leduc S, Pabba A, Zels G, Mertens F, Vander Borght S, Smeets A, Nevelsteen I, Punie K, Neven P, Wildiers H, Van Den Bogaert W, Floris G, Desmedt C. Intra-patient and inter-metastasis heterogeneity of HER2-low status in metastatic breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2023; 188:152-160. [PMID: 37247580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have shown important efficacy in HER2-low metastatic breast cancer (mBC). Criteria for receiving ADCs are based on a single assay on the primary tumour or a small metastatic biopsy. We assessed the intra-patient inter-metastasis heterogeneity of HER2-low status in HER2-negative mBC. PATIENTS AND METHODS We included samples of 10 patients (7 ER-positive and 3 ER-negative) donated in the context of our post-mortem tissue donation program UPTIDER. Excisional post-mortem biopsies of 257 metastases and 8 breast tumours underwent central HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC), alongside 41 pre-mortem primary or metastatic samples. They were classified as HER2-zero, HER2-low (HER2-1+ or HER2-2+, in situ hybridisation [ISH] negative) or HER2-positive (HER2-3+ or HER2-2+, ISH-positive) following ASCO/CAP guidelines 2018. HER2-zero was further subdivided into HER2-undetected (no staining) and HER2-ultralow (faint staining in ≤10% of tumour cells). RESULTS Median post-mortem interval was 2.5 h. In 8/10 patients, HER2-low and HER2-zero metastases co-existed, with the proportion of HER2-low lesions ranging from 5% to 89%. A total of 32% of metastases currently classified as HER2-zero were HER2-ultralow. Intra-organ inter-metastasis heterogeneity of HER2-scores was observed in the liver in 3/6 patients. Patients with primary ER-positive disease had a higher proportion of HER2-low metastases as compared to ER-negative disease (46% versus 8%, respectively). At the metastasis level, higher percentages of ER-expressing cells were observed in HER2-low or -ultralow as compared to HER2-undetected metastases. CONCLUSIONS Important intra-patient inter-metastasis heterogeneity of HER2-low status exists. This questions the validity of HER2-low in its current form as a theranostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Geukens
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maxim De Schepper
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - François Richard
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marion Maetens
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen Van Baelen
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Amena Mahdami
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ha-Linh Nguyen
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Edoardo Isnaldi
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sophia Leduc
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anirudh Pabba
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gitte Zels
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Freya Mertens
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Ann Smeets
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ines Nevelsteen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kevin Punie
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Neven
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Giuseppe Floris
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine Desmedt
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Optimizing treatment for HER2-positive HR-positive breast cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2023; 115:102529. [PMID: 36921556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2023.102529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Triple-positive breast tumors overexpress human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and are positive for hormone receptor (HR) expression. Data from real-life and clinical trials show that estrogen receptor (ER) expression affects the response to combinations of anti-HER2 and associated systemic therapies. Despite triple-positive tumors having decreased response rates compared to HR-negative/HER2-positive breast cancers, optimizing anti-HER2 treatment with dual anti-HER2 blockade remains important for optimal disease control. Preclinical data on the cross-talk between ER and growth factor receptor pathways show the efficacy of combinations of endocrine therapy and anti-HER2 drugs, which is confirmed in the clinic. Molecular dissection of triple-positive breast cancer might provide the rational for additional therapeutic strategies and the identification of promising biomarkers. This review summarizes data on systemic treatment efficacy from major clinical trials and perspectives for future clinical research in triple-positive breast cancer.
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10
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Li JJX, Tse GM. Marker assessments in ER-positive breast cancers: old markers, new applications? Histopathology 2023; 82:218-231. [PMID: 35945680 DOI: 10.1111/his.14767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of oestrogen receptor (ER) expression by immunostaining is essential in the pathological assessment of breast cancer. Its expression is intercorrelated with clinicopathological features, molecular typing, and treatment selection. The development of novel therapeutic agents related to ER status, the recent ASCO introduction of an ER-low positive category of breast cancers, and the ever-increasing plethora of diagnostic and theragnostic markers call for a timely update. In this article we aim to review the clinicopathological features of ER-positive breast cancers, with an emphasis on ER-low positive breast cancers, and a focus on updating the (i) assessment, reporting and interpretation of ER immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, (ii) correlations of ER status with other diagnostic and theragnostic markers, and (iii) implications for treatment selection and response. In the face of the developments in IHC and molecular techniques and targeted therapy, ER immunostaining is still expected to remain as the core component of prognostic and theragnostic assessment of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J X Li
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Gary M Tse
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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11
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Soltani N, Tavakkoli N, Malakoti R, Davar F, Khayatkashani M, Salavati H. Electrochemical measurement of tamoxifen in the presence of acetaminophen and ascorbic acid using carbon paste electrode modified with novel nanoparticles. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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12
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Rush CM, Blanchard Z, Polaski JT, Osborne KS, Osby K, Vahrenkamp JM, Yang CH, Lum DH, Hagan CR, Leslie KK, Pufall MA, Thiel KW, Gertz J. Characterization of HCI-EC-23 a novel estrogen- and progesterone-responsive endometrial cancer cell line. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19731. [PMID: 36396974 PMCID: PMC9672046 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24211-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Most endometrial cancers express the hormone receptor estrogen receptor alpha (ER) and are driven by excess estrogen signaling. However, evaluation of the estrogen response in endometrial cancer cells has been limited by the availability of hormonally responsive in vitro models, with one cell line, Ishikawa, being used in most studies. Here, we describe a novel, adherent endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) cell line model, HCI-EC-23. We show that HCI-EC-23 retains ER expression and that ER functionally responds to estrogen induction over a range of passages. We also demonstrate that this cell line retains paradoxical activation of ER by tamoxifen, which is also observed in Ishikawa and is consistent with clinical data. The mutational landscape shows that HCI-EC-23 is mutated at many of the commonly altered genes in EEC, has relatively few copy-number alterations, and is microsatellite instable high (MSI-high). In vitro proliferation of HCI-EC-23 is strongly reduced upon combination estrogen and progesterone treatment. HCI-EC-23 exhibits strong estrogen dependence for tumor growth in vivo and tumor size is reduced by combination estrogen and progesterone treatment. Molecular characterization of estrogen induction in HCI-EC-23 revealed hundreds of estrogen-responsive genes that significantly overlapped with those regulated in Ishikawa. Analysis of ER genome binding identified similar patterns in HCI-EC-23 and Ishikawa, although ER exhibited more bound sites in Ishikawa. This study demonstrates that HCI-EC-23 is an estrogen- and progesterone-responsive cell line model that can be used to study the hormonal aspects of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig M Rush
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Zannel Blanchard
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jacob T Polaski
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kyle S Osborne
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Krystle Osby
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jeffery M Vahrenkamp
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Chieh-Hsiang Yang
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - David H Lum
- Preclinical Research Resource, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Christy R Hagan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Kimberly K Leslie
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Departments of Internal Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Miles A Pufall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kristina W Thiel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jason Gertz
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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13
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Alataki A, Dowsett M. Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 and endocrine resistance in hormone-dependent breast cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2022; 29:R105-R122. [PMID: 35613334 PMCID: PMC9254309 DOI: 10.1530/erc-21-0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine therapies are the main treatment strategies for the clinical management of hormone-dependent breast cancer. Despite prolonged time to recurrence in the adjuvant setting and the initial clinical responses in the metastatic setting, many patients eventually encounter tumour relapse due to acquired resistance to these agents. Other patients experience a lack of tumour regression at the beginning of treatment indicating de novo resistance that significantly limits its efficacy in the clinic. There is compelling evidence that human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) overexpression contributes to resistance to endocrine therapies in oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. ER+/HER2+ tumours comprise about 10% of all breast cancer cases and about 60% of the whole set of HER2+ tumours. Most patients with primary ER+/HER2+ disease will receive antibody-based HER2-targeted therapy, but this is generally for no more than one year while endocrine treatment is usually for at least 5 years. A number of HER2-kinase inhibitors are also now in clinical use or in clinical trials, and the interaction of these with endocrine treatment may differ from that of antibody treatment. In this review article, we aim to summarise knowledge on molecular mechanisms of breast cancer resistance to endocrine therapies attributable to the impact of HER2 signalling on endocrine sensitivity, to discuss data from clinical trials addressing the role of HER2 in the development of endocrine resistance in the metastatic, neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings and to explore rational new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Alataki
- Ralph Lauren Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Royal Marsden Hospital and The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Correspondence should be addressed to A Alataki:
| | - Mitch Dowsett
- Ralph Lauren Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Royal Marsden Hospital and The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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Rostami S, Tafvizi F, Kheiri Manjili HR. High efficacy of tamoxifen-loaded L-lysine coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in cell cycle arrest and anti-cancer activity for breast cancer therapy. BIOIMPACTS 2022; 12:301-313. [PMID: 35975200 PMCID: PMC9376161 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2021.23337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
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Introduction: Due to the side effects of drugs, the development of nanoscale drug delivery systems has led to a significant improvement in medicinal therapies due to drug pharmacokinetics changes, decreased toxicity, and increased half-life of the drug. This study aimed to synthesize tamoxifen (TMX)-loaded L-lysine coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as a nano-carrier to investigate its cytotoxic effects and anti-cancer properties against MCF-7 cancer cells.
Methods: Magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized and coated with L-lysine (F-Lys NPs). Then, TMX was loaded onto these NPs. The characteristics of synthesized nanoparticles (F-Lys-TMX NPs) were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The drug release was analyzed at pH 5.8 and pH 7.4. The MCF-7 cells were exposed to F-Lys-TMX NPs, F-Lys NPs, and TMX for 24, 48, and 72 hours. To evaluate the cytotoxic potential of designed nanoparticles, MTT and apoptosis assays, real-time PCR, and cell cycle analysis was carried out.
Results: The F-Lys-TMX NPs had spherical morphology with a size ranging from 9 to 30 nm. By increasing the nanoparticles concentration and treatment time, more cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction were observed in F-Lys-TMX NPs-treated cells compared to the TMX. The expression levels of ERBB2, cyclin D1, and cyclin E genes were down-regulated and expression levels of the caspase-3 and caspase-9 genes were up-regulated. Studies on the drug release revealed a slow and controlled pH-dependent release of the nanoparticles. Cell cycle analysis indicated that F-Lys-TMX NPs could arrest the cells at the G0/G1 phase.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that F-Lys-TMX NPs are more effective and have the potential for cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction compared to the TMX. Hence, F-Lys-TMX NPs can be considered as an anti-cancer agent against MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Rostami
- Department of Biology, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Tafvizi
- Department of Biology, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Kheiri Manjili
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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15
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Horimoto Y, Ishizuka Y, Ueki Y, Higuchi T, Arakawa A, Saito M. Comparison of tumors with HER2 overexpression versus HER2 amplification in HER2-positive breast cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:242. [PMID: 35248011 PMCID: PMC8897871 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive tumors are defined by protein overexpression (3+) or gene amplification using immunohistochemistry (IHC) or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), respectively. HER2-positive tumors have historically included both IHC(3+) and IHC(2+, equivocal)/FISH(+) tumors and received the same treatment. Differences in biology between these two tumor types, however, are poorly understood. Considering anti-HER2 drugs bind directly to HER2 protein on the cell surface, we hypothesized anti-HER2 therapies would be less effective in IHC(2+)/FISH(+) tumors than in IHC(3+) tumors, leading to differences in patient outcomes. Methods A total of 447 patients with HER2-positive invasive carcinoma who underwent curative surgery were retrospectively investigated. HER2 status was assessed in surgical specimens, except in patients who received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, where biopsy specimens were employed. Results Age, tumor size, lymph node status and ER status were independent factors relating to disease-free-survival, but no difference was observed between IHC(3+) and IHC(2+)/FISH(+) tumors. Kaplan-Meier analysis found patient outcomes did not differ, even after stratifying into those that did (n = 314), or did not (n = 129), receive chemotherapy with anti-HER2 drugs. In 134 patients who received NAC, pathological complete response rates in IHC(3+) and IHC(2+)/FISH(+) tumors were 45% and 21%, respectively. Survival after developing metastasis was significantly shorter in the IHC(2+)/FISH(+) group. Conclusions The prognosis of patients with IHC(2+)/FISH(+) tumors did not differ from IHC(3+) tumors. However, the significance of HER2 protein overexpression in relation to treatment response remains unclear and warrants further investigations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09351-4.
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16
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Malik JA, Ahmed S, Jan B, Bender O, Al Hagbani T, Alqarni A, Anwar S. Drugs repurposed: An advanced step towards the treatment of breast cancer and associated challenges. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112375. [PMID: 34863612 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is mostly observed in women and is responsible for huge mortality in women subjects globally. Due to the continued development of drug resistance and other contributing factors, the scientific community needs to look for new alternatives, and drug repurposing is one of the best opportunities. Here we light upon the drug repurposing with a major focus on breast cancer. BC is a division of cancer known as the leading cause of death of 2.3 million women globally, with 685,000 fatalities. This number is steadily rising, necessitating the development of a treatment that can extend survival time. All available treatments for BC are very costly as well as show side effects. This unfulfilled requirement of the anti-cancer drugs ignited an enthusiasm for drug repositioning, which means finding out the anti-cancer use of already marketed drugs for other complications. With the advancement in proteomics, genomics, and computational approaches, the drug repurposing process hastens. So many drugs are repurposed for the BC, including alkylating agents, antimetabolite, anthracyclines, an aromatase inhibitor, mTOR, and many more. The drug resistance in breast cancer is rising, so reviewing how the challenges in breast cancer can be combated with drug repurposing. This paper provides the updated information on all the repurposed drugs candidates for breast cancer with the molecular mechanism responsible for their anti-tumor activity. Additionally, all the challenges that occur during the repurposing of the drugs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonaid Ahmad Malik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, India; Department of Biomedical engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Ropar, Punjab, India
| | - Sakeel Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Mohali, India
| | - Bisma Jan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Onur Bender
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Turki Al Hagbani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aali Alqarni
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmacology unit, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Al Baha University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sirajudheen Anwar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
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17
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Saatci O, Huynh-Dam KT, Sahin O. Endocrine resistance in breast cancer: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1691-1710. [PMID: 34623477 PMCID: PMC8611518 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02136-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-positive (ER +) breast cancer accounts for approximately 75% of all breast cancers. Endocrine therapies, including selective ER modulators (SERMs), aromatase inhibitors (AIs), and selective ER down-regulators (SERDs) provide substantial clinical benefit by reducing the risk of disease recurrence and mortality. However, resistance to endocrine therapies represents a major challenge, limiting the success of ER + breast cancer treatment. Mechanisms of endocrine resistance involve alterations in ER signaling via modulation of ER (e.g., ER downregulation, ESR1 mutations or fusions); alterations in ER coactivators/corepressors, transcription factors (TFs), nuclear receptors and epigenetic modulators; regulation of signaling pathways; modulation of cell cycle regulators; stress signaling; and alterations in tumor microenvironment, nutrient stress, and metabolic regulation. Current therapeutic strategies to improve outcome of endocrine-resistant patients in clinics include inhibitors against mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6, and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) subunit, p110α. Preclinical studies reveal novel therapeutic targets, some of which are currently tested in clinical trials as single agents or in combination with endocrine therapies, such as ER partial agonists, ER proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs), next-generation SERDs, AKT inhibitors, epidermal growth factor receptor 1 and 2 (EGFR/HER2) dual inhibitors, HER2 targeting antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. In this review, we summarize the established and emerging mechanisms of endocrine resistance, alterations during metastatic recurrence, and discuss the approved therapies and ongoing clinical trials testing the combination of novel targeted therapies with endocrine therapy in endocrine-resistant ER + breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Saatci
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, 715, Sumter Street, CLS609D, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Kim-Tuyen Huynh-Dam
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, 715, Sumter Street, CLS609D, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Ozgur Sahin
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, 715, Sumter Street, CLS609D, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
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18
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Afrin S, El Sabeh M, Islam MS, Miyashita-Ishiwata M, Malik M, Catherino WH, Akimzhanov AM, Boehning D, Yang Q, Al-Hendy A, Segars JH, Borahay MA. Simvastatin modulates estrogen signaling in uterine leiomyoma via regulating receptor palmitoylation, trafficking and degradation. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105856. [PMID: 34461224 PMCID: PMC8455458 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas or fibroids are the most common tumors of the female reproductive tract. Estrogen (E2), a steroid-derived hormone, and its receptors (ERs), particularly ER-α, are important drivers for the development and growth of leiomyomas. We previously demonstrated that simvastatin, a drug used for hyperlipidemia, also possesses anti-leiomyoma properties. The aim of this work is to investigate the impact of simvastatin on ER-α signaling in leiomyoma cells, including its expression, downstream signaling, transcriptional activity, post-translational modification, trafficking and degradation. Primary and immortalized human uterine leiomyoma (HuLM) cells were used for in vitro experiments. Immunodeficient mice xenografted with human leiomyoma tissue explants were used for in vivo studies. Leiomyoma samples were obtained from patients enrolled in an ongoing double-blinded, phase II, randomized controlled trial. Here, we found that simvastatin significantly reduced E2-induced proliferation and PCNA expression. In addition, simvastatin reduced total ER-α expression in leiomyoma cells and altered its subcellular localization by inhibiting its trafficking to the plasma membrane and nucleus. Simvastatin also inhibited E2 downstream signaling, including ERK and AKT pathways, E2/ER transcriptional activity and E2-responsive genes. To explain simvastatin effects on ER-α level and trafficking, we examined its effects on ER-α post-translational processing. We noticed that simvastatin reduced ER-α palmitoylation; a required modification for its stability, trafficking to plasma membrane, and signaling. We also observed an increase in ubiquitin-mediated ER-α degradation. Importantly, we found that the effects of simvastatin on ER-α expression were recapitulated in the xenograft leiomyoma mouse model and human tissues. Thus, our data suggest that simvastatin modulates several E2/ER signaling targets with potential implications in leiomyoma therapy and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Afrin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Malak El Sabeh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Md Soriful Islam
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mariko Miyashita-Ishiwata
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Minnie Malik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - William H Catherino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Askar M Akimzhanov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Darren Boehning
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, 401 Broadway, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - James H Segars
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mostafa A Borahay
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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TRIM47 activates NF-κB signaling via PKC-ε/PKD3 stabilization and contributes to endocrine therapy resistance in breast cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2100784118. [PMID: 34433666 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2100784118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing attention has been paid to roles of tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) family proteins in cancer biology, often functioning as E3 ubiquitin ligases. In the present study, we focus on a contribution of TRIM47 to breast cancer biology, particularly to endocrine therapy resistance, which is a major clinical problem in breast cancer treatment. We performed immunohistochemical analysis of TRIM47 protein expression in 116 clinical samples of breast cancer patients with postoperative endocrine therapy using tamoxifen. Our clinicopathological study showed that higher immunoreactivity scores of TRIM47 were significantly associated with higher relapse rate of breast cancer patients (P = 0.012). As functional analyses, we manipulated TRIM47 expression in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells MCF-7 and its 4-hydroxytamoxifen (OHT)-resistant derivative OHTR, which was established in a long-term culture with OHT. TRIM47 promoted both MCF-7 and OHTR cell proliferation. MCF-7 cells acquired tamoxifen resistance by overexpressing exogenous TRIM47. We found that TRIM47 enhances nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling, which further up-regulates TRIM47. We showed that protein kinase C epsilon (PKC-ε) and protein kinase D3 (PKD3), known as NF-κB-activating protein kinases, are directly associated with TRIM47 and stabilized in the presence of TRIM47. As an underlying mechanism, we showed TRIM47-dependent lysine 27-linked polyubiquitination of PKC-ε. These results indicate that TRIM47 facilitates breast cancer proliferation and endocrine therapy resistance by forming a ternary complex with PKC-ε and PKD3. TRIM47 and its associated kinases can be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for breast cancer refractory to endocrine therapy.
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Kim H, Park SH, Lee J, Sung GJ, Song JH, Kwak S, Jeong JH, Kong MJ, Hwang JT, Choi HK, Choi KC. TNFα Enhances Tamoxifen Sensitivity through Dissociation of ERα-p53-NCOR1 Complexes in ERα-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112601. [PMID: 34073371 PMCID: PMC8199199 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tamoxifen has been clinically applied as a central chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. However, many ER-positive breast cancer patients with the high ER level demonstrate intrinsic resistance against the tamoxifen therapy. The aim of our study was to find an effective approach to enhance tamoxifen sensitivity. We found that tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) has a potential to overcome tamoxifen resistance through disruption of nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCOR1)-p53-ERα complexes in ER-positive MCF7 xenograft mice. NCOR1 knock-down with TNFα treatment induced ERα destabilization and increased the occupancy of p53 at the p21 promoter. Finally, we confirmed the combinational application with tamoxifen, TNFα and short-hairpin NCOR1 showed the enhanced suppressive effect of tumor growth in MCF xenograft mice compared to single tamoxifen treatment. These results provide a possibility for application of NCOR1 as a putative therapeutic target to overcome tamoxifen resistance in ERα-positive breast cancer. Abstract Tamoxifen is widely used as a medication for estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive breast cancer, despite the ~50% incidence of tamoxifen resistance. To overcome such resistance, combining tamoxifen with other agents is considered an effective approach. Here, through in vitro studies with ER-positive MCF7 cells and ER-negative MDA-MB-231 cells, validated by the use of xenograft mice, we investigated the potential of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) to enhance tamoxifen sensitivity and identified NCOR1 as a key downstream regulator. TNFα specifically degraded nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCOR1) in MCF7 cells. Moreover, knockdown of NCOR1, similar to TNFα treatment, suppressed cancer cell growth and promoted apoptosis only in MCF7 cells and MCF7 xenograft mice through the stabilization of p53, a tumor suppressor protein. Interestingly, NCOR1 knockdown with TNFα treatment increased the occupancy of p53 at the p21 promoter, while decreasing that of ERα. Notably, NCOR1 formed a complex with p53 and ERα, which was disrupted by TNFα. Finally, combinatorial treatment with tamoxifen, TNFα and short–hairpin (sh)-NCOR1 resulted in enhanced suppression of tumor growth in MCF7 xenograft mice compared to single tamoxifen treatment. In conclusion, TNFα promoted tamoxifen sensitivity through the dissociation of the ERα-p53-NCOR1 complex, pointing at NCOR1 as a putative therapeutic target for overcoming tamoxifen resistance in ERα-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunhee Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (J.-H.S.); (S.K.); (J.-H.J.); (M.-J.K.)
| | - Seung-Ho Park
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (J.-H.S.); (S.K.); (J.-H.J.); (M.-J.K.)
| | - Jangho Lee
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (J.L.); (J.-T.H.)
| | - Gi-Jun Sung
- Department of Obstetriccs, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 49534, USA;
| | - Ji-Hye Song
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (J.-H.S.); (S.K.); (J.-H.J.); (M.-J.K.)
| | - Sungmin Kwak
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (J.-H.S.); (S.K.); (J.-H.J.); (M.-J.K.)
| | - Ji-Hoon Jeong
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (J.-H.S.); (S.K.); (J.-H.J.); (M.-J.K.)
| | - Min-Jeong Kong
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (J.-H.S.); (S.K.); (J.-H.J.); (M.-J.K.)
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (J.L.); (J.-T.H.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (J.L.); (J.-T.H.)
- Correspondence: (H.-K.C.); (K.-C.C.); Tel.: +82-63-219-9421 (H.-K.C.); +82-2-3010-2087 (K.-C.C.)
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (J.-H.S.); (S.K.); (J.-H.J.); (M.-J.K.)
- Correspondence: (H.-K.C.); (K.-C.C.); Tel.: +82-63-219-9421 (H.-K.C.); +82-2-3010-2087 (K.-C.C.)
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Jahangiri R, Mosaffa F, Emami Razavi A, Teimoori-Toolabi L, Jamialahmadi K. PAX2 promoter methylation and AIB1 overexpression promote tamoxifen resistance in breast carcinoma patients. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2021; 28:310-325. [PMID: 33509057 DOI: 10.1177/1078155221989404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Disease recurrence is an important obstacle in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) tamoxifen treated breast carcinoma patients. Tamoxifen resistance-related molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Alteration in DNA methylation which contributes to transcriptional regulation of cancer-related genes plays a crucial role in tamoxifen response. In the present study, the contribution of promoter methylation and mRNA expression of PAX2 and AIB1 in the development of breast carcinoma and tamoxifen refractory was assessed. METHODS Methylation specific-high resolution melting (MS-HRM) analysis and Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) experiment were performed to analyze the promoter methylation and mRNA expression levels of PAX2 and AIB1 genes in 102 breast tumors and adjacent normal breast specimens. RESULTS We indicated that PAX2 expression is decreased in breast tissues due to hypermethylation in its promoter region. Compared to the adjacent normal tissues, the tumors exhibited significantly lower relative mRNA levels of PAX2 and increased expression of AIB1. Aberrant promoter methylation of PAX2 and overexpression of AIB1 was observed in tamoxifen resistance patients compared to the sensitive ones. Cox regression analysis exhibited that the increased promoter methylation status of PAX2 and overexpression of AIB1 remained as unfavorable identifiers which influence patients' survival independently. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that the aberration in PAX2 promoter methylation and AIB1 overexpression are associated with the tamoxifen response in breast carcinoma patients. Further research is needed to demonstrate the potential of using PAX2 and AIB1 expression and their methylation-mediated regulation as predictive or prognostic biomarkers or as a new target therapy for better disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Jahangiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mosaffa
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | | | - Khadijeh Jamialahmadi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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22
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Liu H, Li Y, Zhang J, Wu N, Liu F, Wang L, Zhang Y, Liu J, Zhang X, Guo S, Wang H. Erb‑B2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 is negatively regulated by the p53‑responsive microRNA‑3184‑5p in cervical cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:95-106. [PMID: 33416166 PMCID: PMC7709819 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic role of Erb‑B2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 (ERBB2) has been identified in several types of cancer, but less is known on its function and mechanism of action in cervical cancer cells. The present study employed a multipronged approach to investigate the role of ERBB2 in cervical cancer. ERBB2 and microRNA (miR)‑3184‑5p expression was assessed in patient‑derived cervical cancer biopsy tissues, revealing that higher levels of ERBB2 and lower levels of miR‑3184‑5p were associated with clinicopathological indicators of cervical cancer progression. Furthermore, ERBB2 stimulated proliferation, migration and sphere‑formation of cervical cancer cells in vitro. This effect was mediated by enhanced phosphatidylinositol‑4,5‑bisphosphate 3‑kinase catalytic subunit α activity. Additionally, it was revealed that miR‑3184‑5p directly suppressed ERBB2 in cervical cancer cells. The p53 activator Mithramycin A stimulated p53 and miR‑3184‑5p expression, thereby lowering the levels of ERBB2 and attenuating proliferation, migration and sphere‑formation of cervical cancer cells. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested ERBB2 as an oncogenic protein that may promote invasiveness in cervical cancer cells. Treatment of cervical cancer cells with the p53 activator Mithramycin A restored the levels of the endogenous ERBB2 inhibitor miR‑3184‑5p and may represent a novel treatment strategy for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Liu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Yuzhi Li
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Respiration and Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Respiration and Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Suyang Guo
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Department of Immunology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
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23
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Yu T, Choi KP, Chen ES, Zhang L. Stage-specific protein-domain mutational profile of invasive ductal breast cancer. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:150. [PMID: 33087126 PMCID: PMC7580001 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-00777-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the mechanisms underlying the malignant progression of cancer cells is crucial for early diagnosis and therapeutic treatment for cancer. Mutational heterogeneity of breast cancer suggests that about a dozen of cancer genes consistently mutate, together with many other genes mutating occasionally, in patients. METHODS Using the whole-exome sequences and clinical information of 468 patients in the TCGA project data portal, we analyzed mutated protein domains and signaling pathway alterations in order to understand how infrequent mutations contribute aggregately to tumor progression in different stages. RESULTS Our findings suggest that while the spectrum of mutated domains was diverse, mutations were aggregated in Pkinase, Pkinase Tyr, Y-Phosphatase and Src-homology 2 domains, highlighting the genetic heterogeneity in activating the protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathways in invasive ductal breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS The study provides new clues to the functional role of infrequent mutations in protein domain regions in different stages for invasive ductal breast cancer, yielding biological insights into metastasis for invasive ductal breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- Department of Mathematics, National University of Singapore, 10 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119076 Singapore
- Computational Biology Programme, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117596 Singapore
| | - Kwok Pui Choi
- Department of Mathematics, National University of Singapore, 10 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119076 Singapore
- Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117546 Singapore
| | - Ee Sin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117596 Singapore
| | - Louxin Zhang
- Department of Mathematics, National University of Singapore, 10 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119076 Singapore
- Computational Biology Programme, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117596 Singapore
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24
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Wang S, Somisetty VS, Bai B, Chernukhin I, Niskanen H, Kaikkonen MU, Bellet M, Carroll JS, Hurtado A. The proapoptotic gene interferon regulatory factor-1 mediates the antiproliferative outcome of paired box 2 gene and tamoxifen. Oncogene 2020; 39:6300-6312. [PMID: 32843722 PMCID: PMC7529584 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01435-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Tamoxifen is the most prescribed selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator in patients with ER-positive breast cancers. Tamoxifen requires the transcription factor paired box 2 protein (PAX2) to repress the transcription of ERBB2/HER2. Now, we identified that PAX2 inhibits cell growth of ER+/HER2- tumor cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, we have identified that cell growth inhibition can be achieved by expressing moderate levels of PAX2 in combination with tamoxifen treatment. Global run-on sequencing of cells overexpressing PAX2, when coupled with PAX2 ChIP-seq, identified common targets regulated by both PAX2 and tamoxifen. The data revealed that PAX2 can inhibit estrogen-induced gene transcription and this effect is enhanced by tamoxifen, suggesting that they converge on repression of the same targets. Moreover, PAX2 and tamoxifen have an additive effect and both induce coding genes and enhancer RNAs (eRNAs). PAX2-tamoxifen upregulated genes are also enriched with PAX2 eRNAs. The enrichment of eRNAs is associated with the highest expression of genes that positivity regulate apoptotic processes. In luminal tumors, the expression of a subset of these proapoptotic genes predicts good outcome and their expression are significantly reduced in tumors of patients with relapse to tamoxifen treatment. Mechanistically, PAX2 and tamoxifen coexert an antitumoral effect by maintaining high levels of transcription of tumor suppressors that promote cell death. The apoptotic effect is mediated in large part by the gene interferon regulatory factor 1. Altogether, we conclude that PAX2 contributes to better clinical outcome in tamoxifen treated ER-positive breast cancer patients by repressing estrogen signaling and inducing cell death related pathways.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Breast/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Estrogens/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Interferon Regulatory Factor-1/genetics
- Interferon Regulatory Factor-1/metabolism
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics
- PAX2 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Tamoxifen/pharmacology
- Tamoxifen/therapeutic use
- Transcriptional Activation/drug effects
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiong Wang
- Cell Cycle Regulations Group, Nordic EMBL Partnership, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), University of Oslo, Blindern, P.O. 1137, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Venkata S Somisetty
- Cell Cycle Regulations Group, Nordic EMBL Partnership, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), University of Oslo, Blindern, P.O. 1137, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Baoyan Bai
- Cell Cycle Regulations Group, Nordic EMBL Partnership, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), University of Oslo, Blindern, P.O. 1137, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Igor Chernukhin
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Henri Niskanen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Minna U Kaikkonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Meritxell Bellet
- Vall Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jason S Carroll
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Antoni Hurtado
- Cancer Genomics and Proteomics Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Casanova, 143, 08014, Barcelona, Spain.
- August Pi i Sunyer Research Center (IDIBAPS), c/Rosselló, 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
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25
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Zhang P, Yang Y, Qian K, Li L, Zhang C, Fu X, Zhang X, Chen H, Liu Q, Cao S, Cui J. A novel tumor suppressor ZBTB1 regulates tamoxifen resistance and aerobic glycolysis through suppressing HER2 expression in breast cancer. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:14140-14152. [PMID: 32690611 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional repressor zinc finger and BTB domain containing 1 (ZBTB1) is required for DNA repair. Because DNA repair defects often underlie genome instability and tumorigenesis, we determined to study the role of ZBTB1 in cancer. In this study, we found that ZBTB1 is down-regulated in breast cancer and this down-regulation is associated with poor outcome of breast cancer patients. ZBTB1 suppresses breast cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. The majority of breast cancers are estrogen receptor (ER) positive and selective estrogen receptor modulators such as tamoxifen have been widely used in the treatment of these patients. Unfortunately, many patients develop resistance to endocrine therapy. Tamoxifen-resistant cancer cells often exhibit higher HER2 expression and an increase of glycolysis. Our data revealed that ZBTB1 plays a critical role in tamoxifen resistance in vitro and in vivo To see if ZBTB1 regulates HER2 expression, we tested the recruitments of ZBTB1 on HER2 regulatory sequences. We observed that over-expressed ZBTB1 occupies the estrogen receptor α (ERα)-binding site of the HER2 intron in tamoxifen-resistant cells, suppressing tamoxifen-induced transcription. In an effort to identify potential microRNAs (miRNAs) regulating ZBTB1, we found that miR-23b-3p directly targets ZBTB1. MiR-23b-3p regulates HER2 expression and tamoxifen resistance via targeting ZBTB1. Finally, we found that miR-23b-3p/ZBTB1 regulates aerobic glycolysis in tamoxifen-resistant cells. Together, our data demonstrate that ZBTB1 is a tumor suppressor in breast cancer cells and that targeting the miR-23b-3p/ZBTB1 may serve as a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of tamoxifen resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panhong Zhang
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yutao Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Kai Qian
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Lianlian Li
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Fu
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiumei Zhang
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Pathology, The 1st affiliated Hospital, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Qiongqing Liu
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Shengnan Cao
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jiajun Cui
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, P.R. China
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26
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Sadegh‐Nejadi S, Afrisham R, Emamgholipour S, Izadi P, Eivazi N, Tahbazlahafi B, Paknejad M. Influence of plasma circulating exosomes obtained from obese women on tumorigenesis and tamoxifen resistance in
MCF
‐7 cells. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:1930-1940. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.2305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Sadegh‐Nejadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Reza Afrisham
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Solaleh Emamgholipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Pantea Izadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Neda Eivazi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Behnoosh Tahbazlahafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Maliheh Paknejad
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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27
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Varešlija D, Priedigkeit N, Fagan A, Purcell S, Cosgrove N, O'Halloran PJ, Ward E, Cocchiglia S, Hartmaier R, Castro CA, Zhu L, Tseng GC, Lucas PC, Puhalla SL, Brufsky AM, Hamilton RL, Mathew A, Leone JP, Basudan A, Hudson L, Dwyer R, Das S, O'Connor DP, Buckley PG, Farrell M, Hill ADK, Oesterreich S, Lee AV, Young LS. Transcriptome Characterization of Matched Primary Breast and Brain Metastatic Tumors to Detect Novel Actionable Targets. J Natl Cancer Inst 2020; 111:388-398. [PMID: 29961873 PMCID: PMC6449168 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djy110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer brain metastases (BrMs) are defined by complex adaptations to both adjuvant treatment regimens and the brain microenvironment. Consequences of these alterations remain poorly understood, as does their potential for clinical targeting. We utilized genome-wide molecular profiling to identify therapeutic targets acquired in metastatic disease. METHODS Gene expression profiling of 21 patient-matched primary breast tumors and their associated brain metastases was performed by TrueSeq RNA-sequencing to determine clinically actionable BrM target genes. Identified targets were functionally validated using small molecule inhibitors in a cohort of resected BrM ex vivo explants (n = 4) and in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model of BrM. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Considerable shifts in breast cancer cell-specific gene expression profiles were observed (1314 genes upregulated in BrM; 1702 genes downregulated in BrM; DESeq; fold change > 1.5, Padj < .05). Subsequent bioinformatic analysis for readily druggable targets revealed recurrent gains in RET expression and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) signaling. Small molecule inhibition of RET and HER2 in ex vivo patient BrM models (n = 4) resulted in statistically significantly reduced proliferation (P < .001 in four of four models). Furthermore, RET and HER2 inhibition in a PDX model of BrM led to a statistically significant antitumor response vs control (n = 4, % tumor growth inhibition [mean difference; SD], anti-RET = 86.3% [1176; 258.3], P < .001; anti-HER2 = 91.2% [1114; 257.9], P < .01). CONCLUSIONS RNA-seq profiling of longitudinally collected specimens uncovered recurrent gene expression acquisitions in metastatic tumors, distinct from matched primary tumors. Critically, we identify aberrations in key oncogenic pathways and provide functional evidence for their suitability as therapeutic targets. Altogether, this study establishes recurrent, acquired vulnerabilities in BrM that warrant immediate clinical investigation and suggests paired specimen expression profiling as a compelling and underutilized strategy to identify targetable dependencies in advanced cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir Varešlija
- Endocrine Oncology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nolan Priedigkeit
- Pharmacology and Chemical Biology.,Women's Cancer Research Center, Magee-Women's Research Institute
| | - Ailís Fagan
- Endocrine Oncology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Siobhan Purcell
- Endocrine Oncology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nicola Cosgrove
- Endocrine Oncology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Philip J O'Halloran
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Neurosurgical Center, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elspeth Ward
- Endocrine Oncology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinéad Cocchiglia
- Endocrine Oncology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Carlos A Castro
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Magee-Women's Research Institute
| | - Li Zhu
- Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - George C Tseng
- Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lance Hudson
- Surgical Research, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Róisín Dwyer
- Discipline of Surgery, School of Medicine, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | - Arnold D K Hill
- Surgical Research, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Pharmacology and Chemical Biology.,Women's Cancer Research Center, Magee-Women's Research Institute
| | - Adrian V Lee
- Pharmacology and Chemical Biology.,Human Genetics.,Women's Cancer Research Center, Magee-Women's Research Institute
| | - Leonie S Young
- Endocrine Oncology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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28
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Epigenetic reprogramming at estrogen-receptor binding sites alters 3D chromatin landscape in endocrine-resistant breast cancer. Nat Commun 2020; 11:320. [PMID: 31949157 PMCID: PMC6965612 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14098-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine therapy resistance frequently develops in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we show that 3-dimensional (3D) chromatin interactions both within and between topologically associating domains (TADs) frequently change in ER+ endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells and that the differential interactions are enriched for resistance-associated genetic variants at CTCF-bound anchors. Ectopic chromatin interactions are preferentially enriched at active enhancers and promoters and ER binding sites, and are associated with altered expression of ER-regulated genes, consistent with dynamic remodelling of ER pathways accompanying the development of endocrine resistance. We observe that loss of 3D chromatin interactions often occurs coincidently with hypermethylation and loss of ER binding. Alterations in active A and inactive B chromosomal compartments are also associated with decreased ER binding and atypical interactions and gene expression. Together, our results suggest that 3D epigenome remodelling is a key mechanism underlying endocrine resistance in ER+ breast cancer.
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29
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Huang L, Liang G, Zhang Q, Zhao W. The Role of Long Noncoding RNAs in Antiestrogen Resistance in Breast Cancer: An Overview and Update. J Breast Cancer 2020; 23:129-140. [PMID: 32395373 PMCID: PMC7192751 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2020.23.e10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As a standard treatment, endocrine therapy has dramatically enhanced the prognosis of patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, which accounts for nearly 70% of all breast cancers. Antiestrogen drugs such as tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors are the standard treatment options for ERα-positive breast cancer. However, acquired antiestrogen resistance is still the leading cause of disease recurrence and progression. Evidence has shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an essential role in the development of antiestrogen resistance in ER-positive breast cancer and can serve as biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets. This review highlights the role of lncRNAs in the development of antiestrogen resistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guohua Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Wenhui Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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30
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Liu Q, Borcherding NC, Shao P, Maina PK, Zhang W, Qi HH. Contribution of synergism between PHF8 and HER2 signalling to breast cancer development and drug resistance. EBioMedicine 2020; 51:102612. [PMID: 31923801 PMCID: PMC7000350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.102612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HER2 plays a critical role in tumourigenesis and is associated with poor prognosis of patients with HER2-positive breast cancers. Although anti-HER2 drugs are beneficial for treating breast cancer, de novo, or acquired resistance often develops. Epigenetic factors are increasingly targeted for therapy; however, such mechanisms that interact with HER2 signalling are poorly understood. METHODS RNA sequencing was performed to identify PHF8 targets downstream of HER2 signalling. CHIP-qPCR were used to investigate how PHF8 regulates HER2 transcription. ELISA determined cytokine secretion. Cell-based assay revealed a feed forward loop in HER2 signalling and then evaluated in vivo. FINDINGS We report the synergistic interplay between histone demethylase PHF8 and HER2 signalling. Specifically, PHF8 levels were elevated in HER2-positive breast cancers and upregulated by HER2. PHF8 functioned as a coactivator that regulated the expression of HER2, markers of the HER2-driven epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cytokines. The HER2-PHF8-IL-6 regulatory axis was active in cell lines and in newly established MMTV-Her2/MMTV-Cre/Phf8fl°x/fl°x mouse models, which revealed the oncogenic function of Phf8 in breast cancer for the first time. Further, the PHF8-IL-6 axis contributed to the resistance to trastuzumab in vitro and may play a critical role in the infiltration of T cells in HER2-driven breast cancers. INTERPRETATION These findings provided informative mechanistic insight into the potential application of PHF8 inhibitors to overcome resistance to anti-HER2 therapies. FUNDING This work was supported by Carver Trust Young Investigator Award (01-224 to H.H.Q); and a Breast Cancer Research Award (to H.H.Q.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA; Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Nicholas C Borcherding
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Peng Shao
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Peterson K Maina
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Weizhou Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0275, USA
| | - Hank H Qi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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31
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Pancholi S, Leal MF, Ribas R, Simigdala N, Schuster E, Chateau-Joubert S, Zabaglo L, Hills M, Dodson A, Gao Q, Johnston SR, Dowsett M, Cosulich SC, Maragoni E, Martin LA. Combination of mTORC1/2 inhibitor vistusertib plus fulvestrant in vitro and in vivo targets oestrogen receptor-positive endocrine-resistant breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:135. [PMID: 31801615 PMCID: PMC6894349 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1222-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Endocrine therapies are still the main strategy for the treatment of oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancers (BC), but resistance remains problematic. Cross-talk between ER and PI3K/AKT/mTORC has been associated with ligand-independent transcription of ER. We have previously reported the anti-proliferative effects of the combination of everolimus (an mTORC1 inhibitor) with endocrine therapy in resistance models, but potential routes of escape via AKT signalling can lead to resistance; therefore, the use of dual mTORC1/2 inhibitors has met with significant interest. Methods To address this, we tested the effect of vistusertib, a dual mTORC1 and mTORC2 inhibitor, in a panel of endocrine-resistant and endocrine-sensitive ER+ BC cell lines, with varying PTEN, PIK3CA and ESR1 mutation status. End-points included proliferation, cell signalling, cell cycle and effect on ER-mediated transcription. Two patient-derived xenografts (PDX) modelling endocrine resistance were used to assess the efficacy of vistusertib, fulvestrant or the combination on tumour progression, and biomarker studies were conducted using immunohistochemistry and RNA-seq technologies. Results Vistusertib caused a dose-dependent decrease in proliferation of all the cell lines tested and reduced abundance of mTORC1, mTORC2 and cell cycle markers, but caused an increase in abundance of EGFR, IGF1R and ERBB3 in a context-dependent manner. ER-mediated transcription showed minimal effect of vistusertib. Combined therapy of vistusertib with fulvestrant showed synergy in two ER+ PDX models of resistance to endocrine therapy and delayed tumour progression after cessation of therapy. Conclusions These data support the notion that models of acquired endocrine resistance may have a different sensitivity to mTOR inhibitor/endocrine therapy combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Pancholi
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Mariana Ferreira Leal
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Ricardo Ribas
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Nikiana Simigdala
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Eugene Schuster
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | | | - Lila Zabaglo
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Margaret Hills
- Ralph Lauren Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Andrew Dodson
- Ralph Lauren Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Qiong Gao
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | | | - Mitch Dowsett
- Ralph Lauren Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | | | | | - Lesley-Ann Martin
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK.
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32
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Wang G, Zhao W, Wang H, Qiu G, Jiang Z, Wei G, Li X. Exosomal MiR-744 Inhibits Proliferation and Sorafenib Chemoresistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Targeting PAX2. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:7209-7217. [PMID: 31553714 PMCID: PMC6777417 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a commonly occurring liver malignancy. Its prognosis remains unsatisfactory. Accumulating evidence has revealed that exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) act as biomarkers and play crucial roles in the advancement of HCC. The current study explored the biological role and fundamental mechanism of exosomal miR-744 in HCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS The serum exosomes of HCC patients were isolated by differential ultracentrifugation. MiR-744 expression in HCC tissues, cell lines and serum exosomes were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). EdU (5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine) assay and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay were conducted to show the impacts of miR-744 or exosomal miR-744 on proliferation and sorafenib resistance in HepG2 cells. The target of miR-744 was ascertained by regulating the level of miR-744 in HepG2 cells. RESULTS MiR-744 is downregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines as well as in exosomes derived from patient serum and HepG2 cells. Additionally, downregulated miR-744 promotes HepG2 cell proliferation and inhibits the chemosensitivity of HepG2 cells to sorafenib. PAX2 was identified as the functional target of miR-744. Interestingly, miR-744 is decreased in exosomes derived from sorafenib-resistant HepG2 cells. Furthermore, when treated with the miR-744-enriched exosomes, the proliferation of HepG2 cells was significantly suppressed, and the sorafenib resistance was reduced. CONCLUSIONS MiR-744 has an imperative role in the propagation and chemoresistance of HCC. Serum exosomal miR-744 might act as a biomarker of HCC, and exosomal miR-744 might offer an innovative strategy for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Huxia Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial Tumor Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Guanglin Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Zhengdong Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Guangbing Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xuqi Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
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33
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Estrogen Receptor-positive Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Frequently Overexpresses HER2 Protein Without Gene Amplification. Am J Surg Pathol 2019; 43:1221-1228. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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34
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Depletion of the Transcriptional Coactivator Amplified in Breast Cancer 1 (AIB1) Uncovers Functionally Distinct Subpopulations in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Neoplasia 2019; 21:963-973. [PMID: 31437536 PMCID: PMC6706655 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcriptional coactivator Amplified in Breast Cancer 1 (AIB1) plays a major role in the progression of hormone and HER2-dependent breast cancers but its role in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is undefined. Here, we report that established TNBC cell lines, as well as cells from a TNBC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) that survive chemotherapy treatment in vitro express lower levels of AIB1 protein. The surviving cell population has an impaired tube-formation phenotype when cultured onto basement membrane, a property shared with TNBC cells that survive shRNA-mediated depletion of AIB1 (AIB1LOW cells). DNA analysis by exome sequencing revealed that AIB1LOW cells represent a distinct subpopulation. Consistent with their in vitro phenotype AIB1LOW cells implanted orthotopically generated slower growing tumors with less capacity for pulmonary metastases. Gene expression analysis of cultured cells and tumors revealed that AIB1LOW cells display a distinct expression signature of genes in pro-inflammatory pathways, cell adhesion, proteolysis and tissue remodeling. Interestingly, the presence of this AIB1LOW expression signature in breast cancer specimens is associated with shorter disease free survival of chemotherapy treated patients. We concluded that TNBC cell lines contain heterogeneous populations with differential dependence on AIB1 and that the gene expression pattern of AIB1LOW cells may represent a signature indicative of poor response to chemotherapy in TNBC patients.
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35
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Palaniappan M, Nguyen L, Grimm SL, Xi Y, Xia Z, Li W, Coarfa C. The genomic landscape of estrogen receptor α binding sites in mouse mammary gland. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220311. [PMID: 31408468 PMCID: PMC6692022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor α (ERα) is the major driving transcription factor in the mammary gland development as well as breast cancer initiation and progression. However, the genomic landscape of ERα binding sites in the normal mouse mammary gland has not been completely elucidated. Here, we mapped genome-wide ERα binding events by chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) in the mouse mammary gland in response to estradiol. We identified 6237 high confidence ERα binding sites in two biological replicates and showed that many of these were located at distal enhancer regions. Furthermore, we discovered 3686 unique genes in the mouse genome that recruit ER in response to estradiol. Interrogation of ER-DNA binding sites in ER-positive luminal epithelial cells showed that the ERE, PAX2, SF1, and AP1 motifs were highly enriched at distal enhancer regions. In addition, comprehensive transcriptome analysis by RNA-seq revealed that 493 genes are differentially regulated by acute treatment with estradiol in the mouse mammary gland in vivo. Through integration of RNA-seq and ERα ChIP-seq data, we uncovered a novel ERα targetome in mouse mammary epithelial cells. Taken together, our study has identified the genomic landscape of ERα binding events in mouse mammary epithelial cells. Furthermore, our study also highlights the cis-regulatory elements and cofactors that are involved in estrogen signaling and may contribute to ductal elongation in the normal mouse mammary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugesan Palaniappan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Loc Nguyen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States of America
| | - Sandra L. Grimm
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States of America
| | - Yuanxin Xi
- Division of Biostatistics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States of America
| | - Zheng Xia
- Division of Biostatistics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States of America
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States of America
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States of America
- Advanced Technology Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States of America
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36
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Blundon MA, Dasgupta S. Metabolic Dysregulation Controls Endocrine Therapy-Resistant Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis. Endocrinology 2019; 160:1811-1820. [PMID: 31157867 PMCID: PMC6620757 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Cancer recurrence and metastasis involves many biological interactions, such as genetic, transcription, environmental, endocrine signaling, and metabolism. These interactions add a complex understanding of cancer recurrence and metastatic progression, delaying the advancement in therapeutic opportunities. We highlight the recent advances on the molecular complexities of endocrine-related cancers, focusing on breast and prostate cancer, and briefly review how endocrine signaling and metabolic programs can influence transcriptional complexes for metastasis competence. Nuclear receptors and transcriptional coregulators function as molecular nodes for the crosstalk between endocrine signaling and metabolism that alter downstream gene expression important for tumor progression and metastasis. This exciting regulatory axis may provide insights to the development of cancer therapeutics important for these desensitized endocrine-dependent cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malachi A Blundon
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Subhamoy Dasgupta
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
- Correspondence: Subhamoy Dasgupta, PhD, Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263. E-mail:
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37
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Zhou Y, Gerrard DL, Wang J, Li T, Yang Y, Fritz AJ, Rajendran M, Fu X, Stein G, Schiff R, Lin S, Frietze S, Jin VX. Temporal dynamic reorganization of 3D chromatin architecture in hormone-induced breast cancer and endocrine resistance. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1522. [PMID: 30944316 PMCID: PMC6447566 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09320-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that chromatin architecture is linked to the progression of cancers. However, the roles of 3D structure and its dynamics in hormone-dependent breast cancer and endocrine resistance are largely unknown. Here we report the dynamics of 3D chromatin structure across a time course of estradiol (E2) stimulation in human estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive breast cancer cells. We identified subsets of temporally highly dynamic compartments predominantly associated with active open chromatin and found that these highly dynamic compartments showed higher alteration in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. Remarkably, these compartments are characterized by active chromatin states, and enhanced ERα binding but decreased transcription factor CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) binding. We finally identified a set of ERα-bound promoter-enhancer looping genes enclosed within altered domains that are enriched with cancer invasion, aggressiveness or metabolism signaling pathways. This large-scale analysis expands our understanding of high-order temporal chromatin reorganization underlying hormone-dependent breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Zhou
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Diana L Gerrard
- MLRS Department, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Junbai Wang
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0310, Montebello, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Yini Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Andrew J Fritz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Mahitha Rajendran
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoyong Fu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gary Stein
- Department of Surgery, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Given C401, Burlington, Vermont, 05405, USA
| | - Rachel Schiff
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shili Lin
- Department of Statistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Seth Frietze
- MLRS Department, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
| | - Victor X Jin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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38
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Liu B, Huang G, Zhu H, Ma Z, Tian X, Yin L, Gao X, He X. Analysis of gene co‑expression network reveals prognostic significance of CNFN in patients with head and neck cancer. Oncol Rep 2019; 41:2168-2180. [PMID: 30816522 PMCID: PMC6412593 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), lymph node (N) metastases are associated with cancer aggressiveness and poor prognosis. Identifying meaningful gene modules and representative biomarkers relevant to the N stage helps predict prognosis and reveal mechanisms underlying tumor progression. The present study used a step-wise approach for weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Dataset GSE65858 was subjected to WGCNA. RNA sequencing data of HNC downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and dataset GSE39366 were utilized to validate the results. Following data preprocessing, 4,295 genes were screened, and blue and black modules associated with the N stage of HNC were identified. A total of 16 genes [keratinocyte differentiation associated protein, suprabasin, cornifelin (CNFN), small proline rich protein 1B, desmoglein 1 (DSG1), chromosome 10 open reading frame 99, keratin 16 pseudogene 3, gap junction protein β2, dermokine, LY6/PLAUR domain containing 3, transmembrane protein 79, phospholipase A2 group IVE, transglutaminase 5, potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 6, involucrin, kallikrein related peptidase 8] that had a negative association with the N-stage in the blue module, and two genes (structural maintenance of chromosomes 4 and mutS homolog 6) that had a positive association in the black module, were identified to be candidate hub genes. Following further validation in TCGA and dataset GSE65858, it was identified that CNFN and DSG1 were associated with the clinical stage of HNC. Survival analysis of CNFN and DSG1 was subsequently performed. Patients with increased expression of CNFN displayed better survival probability in dataset GSE65858 and TCGA. Therefore, CNFN was selected as the hub gene for further verification in the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database. Finally, functional enrichment and gene set enrichment analyses were performed using datasets GSE65858 and GSE39366. Three gene sets, namely ‘P53 pathway’, ‘estrogen response early’ and ‘estrogen response late’, were enriched in the two datasets. In conclusion, CNFN, identified via the WGCNA algorithm, may contribute to the prediction of lymph node metastases and prognosis, probably by regulating the pathways associated with P53, and the early and late estrogen response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoling Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Guanhong Huang
- Department of Radiotherapy, No. 2 People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, P.R. China
| | - Hongming Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoming Ma
- Department of Radiotherapy, No. 2 People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaokang Tian
- Department of Radiotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Radiotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Xingya Gao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Radiotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
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39
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Nayar U, Cohen O, Kapstad C, Cuoco MS, Waks AG, Wander SA, Painter C, Freeman S, Persky NS, Marini L, Helvie K, Oliver N, Rozenblatt-Rosen O, Ma CX, Regev A, Winer EP, Lin NU, Wagle N. Acquired HER2 mutations in ER + metastatic breast cancer confer resistance to estrogen receptor-directed therapies. Nat Genet 2018; 51:207-216. [PMID: 30531871 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0287-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Seventy percent of breast cancers express the estrogen receptor (ER), and agents that target the ER are the mainstay of treatment. However, virtually all people with ER+ breast cancer develop resistance to ER-directed agents in the metastatic setting. Beyond mutations in the ER itself, which occur in 25-30% of people treated with aromatase inhibitors1-4, knowledge about clinical resistance mechanisms remains incomplete. We identified activating HER2 mutations in metastatic biopsies from eight patients with ER+ metastatic breast cancer who had developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors, tamoxifen or fulvestrant. Examination of treatment-naive primary tumors in five patients showed no evidence of pre-existing mutations in four of five patients, suggesting that these mutations were acquired under the selective pressure of ER-directed therapy. The HER2 mutations and ER mutations were mutually exclusive, suggesting a distinct mechanism of acquired resistance to ER-directed therapies. In vitro analysis confirmed that the HER2 mutations conferred estrogen independence as well as-in contrast to ER mutations-resistance to tamoxifen, fulvestrant and the CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitor palbociclib. Resistance was overcome by combining ER-directed therapy with the irreversible HER2 kinase inhibitor neratinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utthara Nayar
- Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ofir Cohen
- Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christian Kapstad
- Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael S Cuoco
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Adrienne G Waks
- Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Seth A Wander
- Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Samuel Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Lori Marini
- Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karla Helvie
- Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nelly Oliver
- Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Cynthia X Ma
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aviv Regev
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eric P Winer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nancy U Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikhil Wagle
- Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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40
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Baek HJ, Kim SE, Choi EK, Kim JK, Shin DH, Park EJ, Kim TH, Kim JY, Kim KG, Deng CX, Kim SS. Inhibition of Estrogen Signaling Reduces the Incidence of BRCA1-associated Mammary Tumor Formation. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1755-1768. [PMID: 30416390 PMCID: PMC6216038 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.28142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BRCA1-deficient breast cancer is a very well-known hereditary cancer. However, except for resection of normal mammary glands and ovaries, there is no acceptable measure for proactively preventing tumor development. Importantly, inherited BRCA1 mutations are closely associated with tumors in hormone-responsive tissues. Here, we examined the effects of estrogen on the accumulation of genetic instabilities upon loss of BRCA1, and assessed the contribution of estrogen signaling to the incidence and progression of Brca1-mutated mammary tumors. Our in vitro studies showed that treatment of BRCA1-depleted breast cancer cells with estrogen induced proliferation. Additionally, estrogen reduced the ability of these BRCA1-knockdown cells to sense radiation-induced DNA damage and also facilitated G1/S progression. Moreover, long-term treatment of Brca1-mutant (Brca1co/coMMTV-Cre) mice with the selective estrogen receptor (ER)-α degrader, fulvestrant, decreased the tumor formation rate from 64% to 36%, and also significantly reduced mammary gland density in non-tumor-bearing mice. However, in vivo experiments showed that fulvestrant treatment did not alter the progression of ER-positive Brca1-mutant tumors, which were frequently identified in the aged population and showed less aggressive tendencies. These findings enhance our understanding of how ER-α signaling contributes to BRCA1-deficient mammary tumors and provide evidence suggesting that targeted inhibition of ER-α signaling may be useful for the prevention of BRCA1-mutated breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jung Baek
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
| | - Sun Eui Kim
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Choi
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
| | - Jong Kwang Kim
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Shin
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Park
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
| | - Joo-Young Kim
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
| | - Kwang Gi Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, 21565, Korea
| | - Chu-Xia Deng
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Sang Soo Kim
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
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Onishi H, Udagawa C, Kubo M, Nakamura S, Akashi-Tanaka S, Kuwayama T, Watanabe C, Takamaru T, Takei H, Ishikawa T, Miyahara K, Matsumoto H, Hasegawa Y, Momozawa Y, Low SK, Kutomi G, Shima H, Satomi F, Okazaki M, Zaha H, Onomura M, Matsukata A, Sagara Y, Baba S, Yamada A, Shimada K, Shimizu D, Tsugawa K, Shimo A, Hartman M, Chan CW, Lee SC, Endo I, Zembutsu H. A genome-wide association study identifies three novel genetic markers for response to tamoxifen: A prospective multicenter study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201606. [PMID: 30161160 PMCID: PMC6116947 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although association studies of genetic variations with the clinical outcomes of breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen have been reported, genetic factors which could determine individual response to tamoxifen are not fully clarified. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify novel genetic markers for response to tamoxifen. Experimental design We prospectively collected 347 blood samples from patients with hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative, invasive breast cancer receiving preoperative tamoxifen monotherapy for 14 to 28 days. We used Ki-67 response in breast cancer tissues after preoperative short-term tamoxifen therapy as a surrogate marker for response to tamoxifen. We performed GWAS and genotype imputation using 275 patients, and an independent set of 72 patients was used for replication study. Results The combined result of GWAS and the replication study, and subsequent imputation analysis indicated possible association of three loci with Ki-67 response after tamoxifen therapy (rs17198973 on chromosome 4q34.3, rs4577773 on 6q12, and rs7087428 on 10p13, Pcombined = 5.69 x 10−6, 1.64 x 10−5, and 9.77 x 10−6, respectively). When patients were classified into three groups by the scoring system based on the genotypes of the three SNPs, patients with higher scores showed significantly higher after/before ratio of Ki-67 compared to those with lower scores (P = 1.8 x 10−12), suggesting the cumulative effect of the three SNPs. Conclusion We identified three novel loci, which could be associated with clinical response to tamoxifen. These findings provide new insights into personalized hormonal therapy for the patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Onishi
- Division of Genetics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chihiro Udagawa
- Division of Genetics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Seigo Nakamura
- Division of Breast Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sadako Akashi-Tanaka
- Division of Breast Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kuwayama
- Division of Breast Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chie Watanabe
- Division of Breast Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takamaru
- Division of Breast Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishikawa
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kana Miyahara
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yoshie Hasegawa
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Japan
| | | | - Siew-Kee Low
- RIKEN, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Goro Kutomi
- 1st Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shima
- 1st Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Fukino Satomi
- 1st Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Minoru Okazaki
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sapporo Breast Surgical Clinic, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hisamitsu Zaha
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nakagami Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Mai Onomura
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nakagami Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Ayami Matsukata
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sagara Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Sagara
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sagara Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shinichi Baba
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sagara Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akimitsu Yamada
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Shimada
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Shimizu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yokohama Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koichiro Tsugawa
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Arata Shimo
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Mikael Hartman
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Ching-Wan Chan
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Soo Chin Lee
- Department of Hematology Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Zembutsu
- Division of Genetics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Hardy LR, Salvi A, Burdette JE. UnPAXing the Divergent Roles of PAX2 and PAX8 in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10080262. [PMID: 30096791 PMCID: PMC6115736 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10080262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer is a deadly disease that can originate from the fallopian tube or the ovarian surface epithelium. The PAX (paired box) genes PAX2 and PAX8 are lineage-specific transcription factors required during development of the fallopian tube but not in the development of the ovary. PAX2 expression is lost early in serous cancer progression, while PAX8 is expressed ubiquitously. These proteins are implicated in migration, invasion, proliferation, cell survival, stem cell maintenance, and tumor growth. Hence, targeting PAX2 and PAX8 represents a promising drug strategy that could inhibit these pro-tumorigenic effects. In this review, we examine the implications of PAX2 and PAX8 expression in the cell of origin of serous cancer and their potential efficacy as drug targets by summarizing their role in the molecular pathogenesis of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R Hardy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | - Amrita Salvi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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43
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AlFakeeh A, Brezden-Masley C. Overcoming endocrine resistance in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:S18-S27. [PMID: 29910644 DOI: 10.3747/co.25.3752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine therapy, a major modality in the treatment of hormone receptor (hr)-positive breast cancer (bca), has improved outcomes in metastatic and nonmetastatic disease. However, a limiting factor to the use of endocrine therapy in bca is resistance resulting from the development of escape pathways that promote the survival of cancer cells despite estrogen receptor (er)-targeted therapy. The resistance pathways involve extensive cross-talk between er and receptor tyrosine kinase growth factors [epidermal growth factor receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (her2), and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor] and their downstream signalling pathways-most notably pi3k/akt/mtor and mapk. In some cases, resistance develops as a result of genetic or epigenetic alterations in various components of the signalling pathways, such as overexpression of her2 and erα co-activators, aberrant expression of cell-cycle regulators, and PIK3CA mutations. By combining endocrine therapy with various molecularly targeted agents and signal transduction inhibitors, some success has been achieved in overcoming and modulating endocrine resistance in hr-positive bca. Established strategies include selective er downregulators, anti-her2 agents, mtor (mechanistic target of rapamycin) inhibitors, and inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6. Inhibitors of pi3ka are not currently a treatment option for women with hr-positive bca outside the context of clinical trial. Ongoing clinical trials are exploring more agents that could be combined with endocrine therapy, and biomarkers that would help to guide decision-making and maximize clinical efficacy. In this review article, we address current treatment strategies for endocrine resistance, and we highlight future therapeutic targets in the endocrine pathway of bca.
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Affiliation(s)
- A AlFakeeh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON.,King Fahad Medical City, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - C Brezden-Masley
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON.,Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
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44
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Marczell I, Balogh P, Nyiro G, Kiss AL, Kovacs B, Bekesi G, Racz K, Patocs A. Membrane-bound estrogen receptor alpha initiated signaling is dynamin dependent in breast cancer cells. Eur J Med Res 2018; 23:31. [PMID: 29880033 PMCID: PMC5992704 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-018-0328-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although membrane-associated estrogen receptors (mERs) have been known to play important role in steroid-induced signal transmission, we still know little about their function in the estrogen-induced proliferation of breast cancer cells. Methods In our current work we tried to separate membrane-initiated estrogen receptor signaling from the overall estrogenic effect in MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. Re-analyzing expression data from multiple microarray experiments, we selected a set of key regulatory genes involved in proliferation regulation and estrogen signaling to monitor estrogen-induced transcription changes. We then compared these expression changes after 17β-estradiol and a membrane receptor selective estrogen–BSA treatment using quantitative real-time PCR. In order to follow receptor trafficking we used light and electron microscopy. Results Our quantitative real-time PCR results confirmed that the selective membrane receptor agonist, estrogen–BSA induces similarly pronounced expression changes regarding these genes as 17β-estradiol. Morphological study revealed that the membrane-bound form of classical estrogen receptor alpha is internalized after ligand binding via dynamin-dependent, caveola-mediated endocytosis. Inhibition of this internalization with dynamin inhibitor, dynasore practically abolished the regulatory effect of E2-BSA, suggesting that interaction and internalization with the scaffold protein is necessary for effective signaling. Conclusions The physiological role of plasma membrane estrogen receptor alpha is intensively studied, yet there are still several aspects of it to be resolved. The dynamin-dependent, ligand-mediated internalization of mERs seems to play an important role in estrogen signaling. Our results may serve as another example of how membrane initiated estrogen signaling and nuclear receptor initiated signaling overlap and form an intertwined system. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40001-018-0328-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Istvan Marczell
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Szentkirályi utca 46., 1088, Hungary
| | - Petra Balogh
- Department of Human Morphology and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabor Nyiro
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Szentkirályi utca 46., 1088, Hungary.,Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Szentkirályi str. 46., 1088, Hungary
| | - Anna L Kiss
- Department of Human Morphology and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balazs Kovacs
- Department of Aquaculture, Szent Istvan University, Godollo, Hungary
| | - Gabor Bekesi
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Szentkirályi utca 46., 1088, Hungary
| | - Karoly Racz
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Szentkirályi utca 46., 1088, Hungary.,Department of Human Morphology and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Patocs
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Szentkirályi utca 46., 1088, Hungary. .,HAS-SE 'Lendület' Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 46. Szentkiralyi str, 1088, Hungary. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Nagyvárad sq 4, 1089, Hungary.
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45
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Jahangiri R, Mosaffa F, Gharib M, Emami Razavi AN, Abdirad A, Jamialahmadi K. PAX2 expression is correlated with better survival in tamoxifen-treated breast carcinoma patients. Tissue Cell 2018; 52:135-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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46
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Sakai H, Tsurutani J, Iwasa T, Komoike Y, Sakai K, Nishio K, Nakagawa K. HER2 genomic amplification in circulating tumor DNA and estrogen receptor positivity predict primary resistance to trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2018; 25:605-613. [PMID: 29700710 PMCID: PMC6132843 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-018-0861-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is approved for the treatment of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive advanced breast cancer (ABC), and has high efficacy. However, some patients exhibit primary resistance to T-DM1, and thus methods that can predict resistance in clinical practice are needed. Genomic analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in plasma is a non-invasive and reproducible method. This study aimed to predict primary resistance to T-DM1 by combining genomic analysis of ctDNA and other clinicopathological features of patients with HER2-positive ABC. Methods The study population comprised 34 patients with HER2-positive ABC who had been treated with T-DM1. Correlations between clinicopathological characteristics of patients and primary resistance to T-DM1 were examined, and HER2 gene copy number and PIK3CA gene mutations were analyzed using plasma ctDNA samples obtained from 16 patients before T-DM1 administration. Results Among the 34 patients, nine (26.5%) had progressive disease at the first efficacy analysis; these patients were considered to have primary resistance to T-DM1. No significant difference was found in the rate of primary resistance to T-DM1 between groups. Among 16 patients whose ctDNA was analyzed, four showed primary resistance to T-DM1. These four patients showed negative HER2 gene amplification in ctDNA and were ER-positive and/or PR-positive by immunohistochemistry. Conclusions HER2 gene amplification in ctDNA and ER and PR status may predict primary resistance to T-DM1. A liquid biopsy before the initiation of T-DM1 treatment could be a non-invasive way to predict whether a patient would exhibit primary resistance to T-DM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Sakai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junji Tsurutani
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Tsutomu Iwasa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Komoike
- Department of Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuko Sakai
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nishio
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakagawa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
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47
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Jia N, Wang J, Li Q, Tao X, Chang K, Hua K, Yu Y, Wong KK, Feng W. DNA methylation promotes paired box 2 expression via myeloid zinc finger 1 in endometrial cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:84785-84797. [PMID: 27764784 PMCID: PMC5356698 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This work investigated the role of paired box 2 (PAX2) in endometrial cancer and its epigenetic regulation mechanism. Endometrial cancer tissues and cell lines exhibited increased PAX2 expression compared with hyperplasia, normal endometrium and endometrial epithelial cells. Knock-down of PAX2 resulted in reduced cell viability, invasion and migration, and PAX2 overexpression caused the opposite effects. Increased methylation of the PAX2 promoter was observed in both cancer tissues and cell lines and was positively correlated with PAX2 expression. After 5-Aza-CdR treatment, PAX2 mRNA and protein were down-regulated, and PAX2 methylation was decreased. Deletion analysis confirmed that a repressive transcriptional regulatory region of the PAX2 promoter coincided with the hypermethylated region identified in MassARRAY analysis. Binding sites of myeloid zinc finger 1 (MZF1) are predicted in the defined region. Knock-down of MZF1 up-regulated the transcriptional activity and protein level of PAX2 after 5-Aza-CdR treatment, which indicated that MZF1 may act as a repressive transcription factor when the PAX2 promoter is unmethylated. In conclusion, PAX2 is involved in the carcinogenesis of endometrial cancer by stimulating cell growth and promoting cell motility. The overexpression of PAX2 in endometrial cancer is regulated by promoter hypermethylation and the transcription factor MZF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jia
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieyu Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Tao
- Department of Pathology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaikai Chang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keqin Hua
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinhua Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kwong-Kwok Wong
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Weiwei Feng
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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48
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Nucleophosmin/B23 is a negative regulator of estrogen receptor α expression via AP2γ in endometrial cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:60038-60052. [PMID: 27527851 PMCID: PMC5312367 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancers expressing estrogen and progesterone receptors respond to hormonal therapy. The disappearance of steroid hormone receptor expression is common in patients with recurrent disease, ultimately hampering the clinical utility of hormonal therapy. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that nucleophosmin (NPM1/B23) suppression can restore the expression of estrogen receptor α (ESR1/ERα) in endometrial cancer cells. Mechanistically, B23 and activator protein-2γ (TFAP2C/AP2γ) form a complex that acts as a transcriptional repressor of ERα. Our results indicate that B23 or AP2γ knockdown can restore ERα levels and activate ERα-regulated genes (e.g., cathepsin D, EBAG9, and TFF1/pS2). Moreover, AP2γ knockdown in a xenograft model sensitizes endometrial cancer cells to megesterol acetate through the upregulation of ERα expression. An increased immunohistochemical expression of AP2γ is an adverse prognostic factor in endometrial cancer. In summary, B23 and AP2γ may act in combination to suppress ERα expression in endometrial cancer cells. The inhibition of B23 or AP2γ can restore ERα expression and can serve as a potential strategy for sensitizing hormone-refractory endometrial cancers to endocrine therapy.
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49
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Xu L, Xu J, Hu Z, Yang B, Wang L, Lin X, Xia Z, Zhang Z, Zhu Y. Quantitative DNA methylation analysis of paired box gene 1 and LIM homeobox transcription factor 1 α genes in cervical cancer. Oncol Lett 2018. [PMID: 29541217 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is associated with tumorigenesis and may act as a potential biomarker for detecting cervical cancer. The aim of the present study was to explore the methylation status of the paired box gene 1 (PAX1) and the LIM homeobox transcription factor 1 α (LMX1A) gene in a spectrum of cervical lesions in an Eastern Chinese population. This single-center study involved 121 patients who were divided into normal cervix (NC; n=28), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL; n=32), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL; n=34) and cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC; n=27) groups, according to biopsy results. Following extraction and modification of the DNA, quantitative assessment of the PAX1 and LMX1A genes in exfoliated cells was performed using pyrosequencing analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of each parameter and cut-off values of the percentage of methylation reference (PMR) for differentiation diagnosis. Analysis of variance was used to identify differences among groups. The PMR of the two genes was significantly higher in the HSIL and CSCC groups compared with that in the NC and LSIL groups (P<0.001). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for detection of CSCC were 0.790, 0.837 and 0.809, respectively, using PAX1; and 0.633, 0.357 and 0.893, respectively, using LMX1A. These results indicated that quantitative PAX1 methylation demonstrates potential for cervical cancer screening, while further investigation is required to determine the potential of LMX1A methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Baohua Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Ziyin Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Zhiling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Yunheng Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
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50
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Fielder GC, Yang TWS, Razdan M, Li Y, Lu J, Perry JK, Lobie PE, Liu DX. The GDNF Family: A Role in Cancer? Neoplasia 2018; 20:99-117. [PMID: 29245123 PMCID: PMC5730419 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family of ligands (GFLs) comprising of GDNF, neurturin, artemin, and persephin plays an important role in the development and maintenance of the central and peripheral nervous system, renal morphogenesis, and spermatogenesis. Here we review our current understanding of GFL biology, and supported by recent progress in the area, we examine their emerging role in endocrine-related and other non-hormone-dependent solid neoplasms. The ability of GFLs to elicit actions that resemble those perturbed in an oncogenic phenotype, alongside mounting evidence of GFL involvement in tumor progression, presents novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahalakshmi Razdan
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yan Li
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jun Lu
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jo K Perry
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Xu Liu
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
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