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Qi CZ, Zheng JR, Tong YH, Li RN, Wang D, Huang LH, Zhou HT. Cavity-Induced Optical Nonreciprocity Based on Degenerate Two-Level Atoms. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1236. [PMID: 39120341 PMCID: PMC11313758 DOI: 10.3390/nano14151236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
We developed and experimentally realized a scheme of optical nonreciprocity (ONR) by using degenerate two-level atoms embedded in an optical ring cavity. For the degenerate transition Fg = 4 ↔ Fe = 3, we first studied the cavity-transmission property in different coupling field configurations and verified that under the strong-coupling regime, the single-dark-state peak formed by electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) showed ONR. The stable ground-state Zeeman coherence for Λ-chains involved in the degenerate two-level system was found to be important in the formation of intracavity EIT. However, different from the three-level atom-cavity system, in the degenerate two-level system, the ONR effect based on intracavity EIT occurred only at a low probe intensity, because the cavity-atom coupling strength was weakened in the counter-propagating probe and coupling field configuration. Furthermore, ONR transmission with a high contrast and linewidth-narrowing was experimentally demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Zhao Qi
- Sanli Honors College, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (C.-Z.Q.); (J.-R.Z.); (Y.-H.T.)
| | - Jia-Rui Zheng
- Sanli Honors College, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (C.-Z.Q.); (J.-R.Z.); (Y.-H.T.)
| | - Yuan-Hang Tong
- Sanli Honors College, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (C.-Z.Q.); (J.-R.Z.); (Y.-H.T.)
| | - Ruo-Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (R.-N.L.); (L.-H.H.)
| | - Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (R.-N.L.); (L.-H.H.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Liang-Hui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (R.-N.L.); (L.-H.H.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Hai-Tao Zhou
- Sanli Honors College, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (C.-Z.Q.); (J.-R.Z.); (Y.-H.T.)
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (R.-N.L.); (L.-H.H.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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2
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Chang CC, Chen YH, Chen GY. Electromagnetically induced transparency and quantum enhancement of transmission via dressed bloch photons in an array of three-level Λ-type atoms. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:11307-11322. [PMID: 38570981 DOI: 10.1364/oe.519821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the interactions between an array of three-level atoms and two photon fields with distinct frequencies employing quantum electrodynamics (QED). The control beam, as expected, has a considerably higher intensity than the probe beam, and the probe photon's eigenstate notably then appears as a distinctive dressed Bloch wave. We calculate the dispersion relation and quantum amplitude of the probe photons for their transmission. At positions predicting electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomena, we unveil remarkable enhancements in the transmission of the probe beam. Crucially, these enhancements are intricately linked to the unique characteristics of the dressed Bloch wave eigenstate. Moreover, we demonstrate that modulating frequency and intensity of the control beam and the lattice constant would further tune these enhancements. Our study highlights the crucial role of the dressed Bloch wave eigenstate in substantially amplifying targeted light beams, thereby significantly enhancing the detection sensitivity for minute electromagnetic signals and emphasizing its pivotal role in unveiling intriguing phenomena.
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3
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Gao XC, Wu XJ, Bai CH, Wu SX, Yu CS. Photon blockade with a trapped Λ-type three-level atom in asymmetrical cavity. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:36796-36809. [PMID: 38017822 DOI: 10.1364/oe.501689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
We propose a scheme to manipulate strong and nonreciprocal photon blockades in asymmetrical Fabry-Perot cavity with a Λ-type three-level atom. Utilizing the mechanisms of both conventional and unconventional blockade, the strong photon blockade is achieved by the anharmonic eigenenergy spectrum brought by Λ-type atom and the destructive quantum interference effect induced by a microwave field. By optimizing the system parameters, the manipulation of strong photon blockade over a wide range of cavity detuning can be realized. Using spatial symmetry breaking introduced by the asymmetry of cavity, the direction-dependent nonreciprocal photon blockade can be achieved, and the nonreciprocity can reach the maximum at optimal cavity detuning. In particular, manipulating the occurring position of nonreciprocal photon blockade can be implemented by simply adjusting the cavity detuning. Our scheme provides feasible access for generating high-quality nonreciprocal single-photon sources.
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4
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Qian J, Meng CH, Rao JW, Rao ZJ, An Z, Gui Y, Hu CM. Non-Hermitian control between absorption and transparency in perfect zero-reflection magnonics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3437. [PMID: 37301861 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39102-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent works in metamaterials and transformation optics have demonstrated exotic properties in a number of open systems, including perfect absorption/transmission, electromagnetically induced transparency, cloaking or invisibility, etc. Meanwhile, non-Hermitian physics framework has been developed to describe the properties of open systems, however, most works related to this focus on the eigenstate properties with less attention paid to the reflection characteristics in complex frequency plane, despite the usefulness of zero-reflection (ZR) for applications. Here we demonstrate that the indirectly coupled two-magnon system not only exhibits non-Hermitian eigenmode hybridization, but also ZR states in complex frequency plane. The observed perfect-ZR (PZR) state, i.e., ZR with pure real frequency, is manifested as infinitely narrow reflection dips (~67 dB) with infinite group delay discontinuity. This reflection singularity of PZR distinguishes from the resonant eigenstates but can be adjusted on or off resonance with the eigenstates. Accordingly, the absorption and transmission can be flexibly tuned from nearly full absorption (NFA) to nearly full transmission (NFT) regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute of Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - C H Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute of Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - J W Rao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Z J Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute of Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhenghua An
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute of Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, 41th Floor, AI Tower, No. 701 Yunjin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200232, China.
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, 322000, Yiwu City, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yongsheng Gui
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - C -M Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Canada.
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Lei M, Fukumori R, Rochman J, Zhu B, Endres M, Choi J, Faraon A. Many-body cavity quantum electrodynamics with driven inhomogeneous emitters. Nature 2023; 617:271-276. [PMID: 37100918 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05884-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Quantum emitters coupled to optical resonators are quintessential systems for exploring fundamental phenomena in cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED)1 and are commonly used in quantum devices acting as qubits, memories and transducers2. Many previous experimental cQED studies have focused on regimes in which a small number of identical emitters interact with a weak external drive3-6, such that the system can be described with simple, effective models. However, the dynamics of a disordered, many-body quantum system subject to a strong drive have not been fully explored, despite its importance and potential in quantum applications7-10. Here we study how a large, inhomogeneously broadened ensemble of solid-state emitters coupled with high cooperativity to a nanophotonic resonator behaves under strong excitation. We discover a sharp, collectively induced transparency (CIT) in the cavity reflection spectrum, resulting from quantum interference and collective response induced by the interplay between driven inhomogeneous emitters and cavity photons. Furthermore, coherent excitation within the CIT window leads to highly nonlinear optical emission, spanning from fast superradiance to slow subradiance11. These phenomena in the many-body cQED regime enable new mechanisms for achieving slow light12 and frequency referencing, pave a way towards solid-state superradiant lasers13 and inform the development of ensemble-based quantum interconnects9,10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Lei
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratories of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Rikuto Fukumori
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratories of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Jake Rochman
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratories of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Bihui Zhu
- Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Manuel Endres
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Joonhee Choi
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Andrei Faraon
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
- Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratories of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
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6
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Chang CC, Chen YH, Chen GY, Lin L. Manipulating quantum interference of dressed photon fields. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:18156-18167. [PMID: 36221622 DOI: 10.1364/oe.455247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Through quantum electrodynamics (QED) we investigate the interactions between a three-level atom and two photon fields under perturbation limit. The dispersion relation and (relative) transmission of the probe photons are obtained by calculating the corresponding Feynman diagrams. The quantum interference in this three-level system such as Fano resonance and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) can be tuned by varying the intensities of the control and probe beams. Moreover, by considering that the control beam with periodic modulation, that is, the so-called Landau-Zener-Stückelberg (LZS) type source, the accumulated phase after Landau-Zener transitions is found to show the alternating Fano (EIT) lineshapes in the transmission of the probe photons. We further find that the transmissions can become almost stationary in addition to a wide EIT window in time even though the control beam is a LZS-type oscillating source.
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7
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Wang F, Wang C, Shen K, Hu X. Stable entanglement and one-way steering via engineering of a single-atom reservoir. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:15830-15845. [PMID: 36221440 DOI: 10.1364/oe.452974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we reexamine the quantum correlations in a four-state single-atom system in the weak coupling regime, aiming at the realization of stable entanglement and one-way steering via dissipation rather than coherent evolution process. Under the near-resonant conditions, we find out that a single atom can act as a reservoir and behave like a two-level system with a single dissipation channel, through which the composite Bogoliubov mode will evolve into a vacuum state, resulting in the appearance of stationary entanglement between two original modes. In addition, the one-way steering is generated when the symmetry is broken by choosing asymmetrical coupling constants. The present scheme may provide convenience for experimental implement and find applications in quantum information processing.
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8
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Hsu H, Cheng CY, Shiu JS, Chen LC, Chen YF. Quantum fidelity of electromagnetically induced transparency: the full quantum theory. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:2097-2111. [PMID: 35209357 DOI: 10.1364/oe.448334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present a full quantum model to study the fidelity of single photons with different quantum states propagating in a medium exhibiting electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). By using the general reservoir theory, we can calculate the quantum state of the transmitted probe photons that reveal the EIT phenomenon predicted by semiclassical theory while reflecting the influence of the quantum fluctuations of the strong coupling field. Our study shows that the coupling field fluctuations not only change the quantum state of the probe photons, but also slightly affect its transmittance. Moreover, we demonstrate that the squeezed coupling field can enhance the influence of its fluctuations on the quantum state of the probe photons, which means that the EIT effect can be manipulated by controlling the quantum state properties of the coupling field. The full quantum theory in this paper is suitable for studying quantum systems related to the EIT mechanism that would allow us to examine various quantum effects in EIT-based systems from a full quantum perspective.
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9
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Gao YP, Wang C. Hybrid coupling optomechanical assisted nonreciprocal photon blockade. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:25161-25172. [PMID: 34614853 DOI: 10.1364/oe.431211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The properties of the open quantum system in quantum information is a science now extensively investigated more generally as a fundamental issue for a variety of applications. Usually, the states of the open quantum system might be disturbed by decoherence which will reduce the fidelity in the quantum information processing. So it is better to eliminate the influence of the environment. However, as part of the composite system, rational use of the environment system could be beneficial to quantum information processing. Here we theoretically studied the environment induced quantum nonlinearity and energy spectrum tuning method in the optomechanical system. And we found that the dissipation coupling of the hybrid dissipation and dispersion optomechanical system can induce the coupling between the environment and system in the cross-Kerr interaction form. When the symmetry is broken with a directional auxiliary field, the system exhibits the non-reciprocal behavior during the photon excitation and photon blockade for the clockwise and counterclockwise modes of the whispering gallery mode microcavity. Furthermore, we believe that the cross-Kerr coupling can be more widely used in quantum information processing and quantum simulation.
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10
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Gevorgyan AH. Magnetically induced linear,nonreciprocal, and tunable transparency. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:3616-3619. [PMID: 34329238 DOI: 10.1364/ol.426980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report the theoretical discovery of a new effect, namely, the effect of magnetically induced transparency. The effect is observed in a magnetically active helically structured periodical medium. Changing the external magnetic field and absorption, one can tune the frequency and the linewidth of the transparency band.
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11
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Gevorgyan AH, Golik SS, Vanyushkin NA, Efimov IM, Rafayelyan MS, Gharagulyan H, Sarukhanyan TM, Hautyunyan MZ, Matinyan GK. Magnetically Induced Transparency in Media with Helical Dichroic Structure. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:2172. [PMID: 33922848 PMCID: PMC8122990 DOI: 10.3390/ma14092172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In our paper, the magneto-optical properties of a dichroic cholesteric liquid crystal layer with large values of magneto-optical parameter g and low values of dielectric permittivity were investigated. The solutions of the dispersion equation and their peculiarities were investigated in detail. The specific properties of reflection, transmission, absorption, rotation, ellipticity spectra and also the spectra of ellipticity and azimuth of eigen polarization were investigated. The existence of a tunable linear and nonreciprocal transmission band was shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashot H. Gevorgyan
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia; (S.S.G.); (N.A.V.); (I.M.E.)
| | - Sergey S. Golik
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia; (S.S.G.); (N.A.V.); (I.M.E.)
- Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Nikolay A. Vanyushkin
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia; (S.S.G.); (N.A.V.); (I.M.E.)
| | - Ilya M. Efimov
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia; (S.S.G.); (N.A.V.); (I.M.E.)
| | - Mushegh S. Rafayelyan
- Department of Physics, Yerevan State University, 1 Alex Manukyan Str., 0025 Yerevan, Armenia; (M.S.R.); (T.M.S.); (M.Z.H.)
| | - Hermine Gharagulyan
- Institute of Chemical Physics NAS RA, 5/2, P. Sevak Str., 0014 Yerevan, Armenia;
| | - Tatevik M. Sarukhanyan
- Department of Physics, Yerevan State University, 1 Alex Manukyan Str., 0025 Yerevan, Armenia; (M.S.R.); (T.M.S.); (M.Z.H.)
| | - Meruzhan Z. Hautyunyan
- Department of Physics, Yerevan State University, 1 Alex Manukyan Str., 0025 Yerevan, Armenia; (M.S.R.); (T.M.S.); (M.Z.H.)
| | - Gvidon K. Matinyan
- Department of Agrarian Engineering, Armenian National Agrarian University, 74, Terian Str., 0009 Yerevan, Armenia;
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12
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Pauls A, Lekavicius I, Wang H. Coupling silicon vacancy centers in a thin diamond membrane to a silica optical microresonator. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:27300-27307. [PMID: 32988026 DOI: 10.1364/oe.399331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the development of a composite cavity QED system, in which silicon vacancy centers in a diamond membrane as thin as 100 nm couple to optical whispering gallery modes (WGMs) of a silica microsphere with a diameter of order 50 µm. The membrane induces a linewidth broadening of 3 MHz for equatorial and off-resonant WGMs, while the overall linewidth of the composite system remains below 40 MHz. Photoluminescence experiments in the cavity QED setting demonstrate the efficient coupling of optical emissions from silicon vacancy centers into the WGMs. Additional analysis indicates that the composite system can be used to achieve the good cavity limit in cavity QED, enabling an experimental platform for applications such as state transfer between spins and photons.
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13
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Hachim FK, Hanoon FH, Habbeb Al-Khursan A. Adaptive prism using a double quantum dot structure. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:2759-2766. [PMID: 32225825 DOI: 10.1364/ao.380543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This work examined adaptive optical prisms by using a ladder-plus-Y double quantum dot system. A good dispersion angle and high spectral angular dispersion are obtained under the application of two optical fields (pump and probe) or three optical fields where an additional optical field between quantum-dot-wetting layer states is applied. These good results are obtained at a wide window of electromagnetically induced transparency with zero susceptibility.
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14
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Villas-Boas CJ, Tolazzi KN, Wang B, Ianzano C, Rempe G. Continuous Generation of Quantum Light from a Single Ground-State Atom in an Optical Cavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:093603. [PMID: 32202889 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.093603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We show an optical wave-mixing scheme that generates quantum light by means of a single three-level atom. The atom couples to an optical cavity and two laser fields that together drive a cycling current within the atom. Weak driving in combination with strong atom-cavity coupling induces transitions in a harmonic ladder of dark states, accompanied by single-photon emission via a quantum Zeno effect and suppression of atomic excitation via quantum interference. For strong driving, the system can generate coherent or Schrödinger cat-like fields with frequencies distinct from those of the applied lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso Jorge Villas-Boas
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karl Nicolas Tolazzi
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Bo Wang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christopher Ianzano
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Gerhard Rempe
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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15
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Villas-Boas CJ, Rossatto DZ. Multiphoton Jaynes-Cummings Model: Arbitrary Rotations in Fock Space and Quantum Filters. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:123604. [PMID: 30978040 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.123604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The multiphoton Jaynes-Cummings model is investigated and applications in quantum information science are explored. Considering the strong atom-field coupling regime and an N-photon interaction, a nonlinear driving field can perform an arbitrary rotation in the Fock space of a bosonic mode involving the vacuum and an M-Fock state, with M<N. In addition, driving a bosonic mode with a linear coherent field (superposition of many Fock states), only the cavity states within the Fock subspace {|0⟩,|1⟩,…,|N-1⟩} can be populated; i.e., we show how to implement a Fock state filter, or quantum scissor, that restricts the dynamics of a given bosonic mode to a limited Hilbert space. Such a device can be employed as a generator of finite-dimensional quantum-optical states and also as a quantum-optical intensity limiter, allowing as a special case the generation of single-photon pulses. On the other hand, our system also provides a very rich physics in the weak atom-field coupling regime, in particular, multiphoton electromagnetically induced transparencylike phenomena, inducing a narrow (controllable) reflectivity window for nonlinear probe fields. These results are useful for applications in quantum information processing and also motivate further investigations, e.g., the use of an N-photon Jaynes-Cummings system as a qudit with harmonic spectrum and the exploration of multiphoton quantum interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso J Villas-Boas
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Z Rossatto
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Campus Experimental de Itapeva, 18409-010 Itapeva, São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Wang B, Liu ZX, Kong C, Xiong H, Wu Y. Mechanical exceptional-point-induced transparency and slow light. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:8069-8080. [PMID: 31052632 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.008069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the conception of PT symmetry has attracted considerable attention in various fields such as optics, acoustics, and atomic physics because of the existence of exceptional point (EP) and its importance in understanding non-Hermitian physics. Here, we propose a new scheme of investigating the mechanical-EP-induced transparency and tunable fast-to-slow light phenomena in PT-symmetric mechanical systems. We find that (i) the transmission of the probe field changes from singleto double transparency windows via the transition from a broken mechanical PT-symmetric phase to an unbroken mechanical PT-symmetric phase; (ii) the efficiency of transparency can be significantly enhanced about three orders of magnitude in the vicinity of the mechanical EP, compared to passive mechanical resonators system; and (iii) the mechanical EP can not only amplify the group delay, but also manipulate the switch from slow light to fast light, which may offer an approach to achieve the practical application of slow light and relevant to the optical switcher and communication network. Our results reveal that the exotic properties of the mechanical EP can result in enormous enhancement of the transmitted probe power and novel steering of fast and slow light.
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17
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Single-photon transistor based on cavity electromagnetically induced transparency with Rydberg atomic ensemble. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4723. [PMID: 30886320 PMCID: PMC6423282 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41185-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A scheme is presented to realize a single-photon transistor based on cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) with Rydberg atomic ensemble. By combining the advantages of the cavity-enhanced interaction and Rydberg blockade, we achieve a high gain single-photon transistor. The numerical calculation shows that by using one single gate photon more than one thousand source photons can be switched.
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Abdi M, Plenio MB. Quantum Effects in a Mechanically Modulated Single-Photon Emitter. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:023602. [PMID: 30720325 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.023602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent observation of quantum emitters in monolayers of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has provided a novel platform for optomechanical experiments where the single-photon emitters can couple to the motion of a freely suspended h-BN membrane. Here, we propose a scheme where the electronic degree of freedom (d.o.f.) of an embedded color center is coupled to the motion of the hosting h-BN resonator via dispersive forces. We show that the coupling of membrane vibrations to the electronic d.o.f. of the emitter can reach the strong regime. By suitable driving of a three-level Λ-system composed of two spin d.o.f. in the electronic ground state as well as an isolated excited state of the emitter, a multiple electromagnetically induced transparency spectrum becomes available. The experimental feasibility of the efficient vibrational ground-state cooling of the membrane via quantum interference effects in the two-color drive scheme is numerically confirmed. More interestingly, the emission spectrum of the defect exhibits a frequency comb with frequency spacings as small as the fundamental vibrational mode, which finds applications in high-precision spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Abdi
- Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and IQST, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin B Plenio
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and IQST, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany
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19
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Wang B, Liu ZX, Kong C, Xiong H, Wu Y. Magnon-induced transparency and amplification in 𝒫𝒯-symmetric cavity-magnon system. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:20248-20257. [PMID: 30119337 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.020248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent research on parity-time- (𝒫𝒯-) symmetric optical structures have exhibited great potential for achieving distinctive optical behaviour which is unattainable with ordinary optical systems. Here we propose a 𝒫𝒯-symmetric cavity-magnon system consisting of active cavity mode strongly interacting with magnon to study magnon-induced transparency (MIT) and amplification (MIA) by exploiting recent microwave-cavity-engineered ferromagnetic magnons. We find that (i) due to the gain-induced enhancement of coherent coupling between the cavity field and the magnon, the transmitted probe power is remarkably enhanced about four orders of magnitude and the bandwidth also becomes much narrower, compared to passive cavity system. (ii) More importantly, the light transmission can be well controlled by adjusting the applied magnetic field without changing other parameters, and a Lorentzian-like spectra can be established between the transmitted probe power and the external magnetic field, which provides an additional degree of freedom to realize the coherent manipulation of optical transparency and amplification. Our results may offer an approach to make a low-power magnetic-field-controlled optical amplifier in 𝒫𝒯-symmetric cavity-magnon system.
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Fan JW, Xu J, Cheng MT, Yang Y. Vacuum induced transparency in metamaterials. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:19498-19512. [PMID: 30114121 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.019498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
For the cavity-based electromagnetically induced transparent (EIT), as the coherent driving field is enhanced by the optical cavity, the weak probe field can propagate through the atomic ensemble without absorption even if the driving field is weak. The extreme case of vacuum in the cavity is called "vacuum-induced transparency" (VIT) to distinguish it from the cavity EIT. Here we construct a new kind of cavity made of Metamaterials, i.e. ε-negative (EN) and μ-negative (MN) slabs, and study the VIT phenomena of the atomic ensemble doped within it. When the impedances of the MN and EN slabs are matched to each other and the dissipation of the material is small, it behaves as a surface plasmon cavity with a huge Q factor. And the VIT phenomenon in this cavity appears. By adjusting the position of atoms, the coupling strength between the atom and the structure could be changed. Two kinds of extremes of VIT, the coherent population trapping (CPT) and the Autler-Townes splitting (ATS), can be achieved in this system easily. Our proposal could be used in the realization of ultra-strong coupling and integrated devices on quantum memory or optical switch.
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Luo XQ, Li ZZ, Jing J, Xiong W, Li TF, Yu T. Spectral features of the tunneling-induced transparency and the Autler-Townes doublet and triplet in a triple quantum dot. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3107. [PMID: 29449588 PMCID: PMC5814457 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21221-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We theoretically investigate the spectral features of tunneling-induced transparency (TIT) and Autler-Townes (AT) doublet and triplet in a triple-quantum-dot system. By analyzing the eigenenergy spectrum of the system Hamiltonian, we can discriminate TIT and double TIT from AT doublet and triplet, respectively. For the resonant case, the presence of the TIT does not exhibit distinguishable anticrossing in the eigenenergy spectrum in the weak-tunneling regime, while the occurrence of double anticrossings in the strong-tunneling regime shows that the TIT evolves to the AT doublet. For the off-resonance case, the appearance of a new detuning-dependent dip in the absorption spectrum leads to double TIT behavior in the weak-tunneling regime due to no distinguished anticrossing occurring in the eigenenergy spectrum. However, in the strong-tunneling regime, a new detuning-dependent dip in the absorption spectrum results in AT triplet owing to the presence of triple anticrossings in the eigenenergy spectrum. Our results can be applied to quantum measurement and quantum-optics devices in solid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Luo
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zeng-Zhao Li
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jun Jing
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tie-Fu Li
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Institute of Microelectronics, Department of Microelectronics and Nanoelectronics and Tsinghua National Laboratory of Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Ting Yu
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China.,Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Center for Controlled Quantum Systems, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, USA
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22
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Gao YP, Wang ZX, Wang TJ, Wang C. Optomechanically engineered phononic mode resonance. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:26638-26650. [PMID: 29092152 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.026638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Optomechanics describes the interaction between the optical field and mechanics, and the optomechanical system provides an ideal interface between photons and phonons. The role of the electromagnetic field during optomechanical interaction is studied in this paper as it is regarded as a phonon transmission medium. An analytical model is built to study the phononic mode resonance and reveals the transmission properties of the phonons, which are related to the variance of the frequency of the electromagnetic field. Moreover, when one mechanical mode is driven, different mode resonant properties could be achieved on the transmission spectrum of phonons between the two mechanical modes. We believe that the current work provides significant results for the research of phononic devices.
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23
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Borges HS, Oliveira MH, Villas-Boas CJ. Influence of the asymmetric excited state decay on coherent population trapping. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7132. [PMID: 28769088 PMCID: PMC5541112 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06755-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is an optical phenomenon which allows a drastic modification of the optical properties of an atomic system by applying a control field. It has been largely studied in the last decades and nowadays we can find a huge number of experimental and theoretical related studies. Recently a similar phenomenon was also shown in quantum dot molecules (QDM), where the control field is replaced by the tunneling rate between quantum dots. Our results show that in the EIT regime, the optical properties of QDM and the atomic system are identical. However, here we show that in the strong probe field regime, i.e., “coherent population trapping” (CPT) regime, it appears a strong discrepancy on the optical properties of both systems. We show that the origin of such difference relies on the different decay rates of the excited state of the two systems, implying in a strong difference on their higher order nonlinear susceptibilities. Finally, we investigate the optical response of atom/QDM strongly coupled to a cavity mode. In particular, the QDM-cavity system has the advantage of allowing a better narrowing of the width of the dark state resonance in the CPT regime when compared with atom-cavity system.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Borges
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, P.O. Box 676, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - M H Oliveira
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, P.O. Box 676, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C J Villas-Boas
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, P.O. Box 676, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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24
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Winchester MN, Norcia MA, Cline JRK, Thompson JK. Magnetically Induced Optical Transparency on a Forbidden Transition in Strontium for Cavity-Enhanced Spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:263601. [PMID: 28707949 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.263601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter we realize a narrow spectroscopic feature using a technique that we refer to as magnetically induced optical transparency. A cold ensemble of ^{88}Sr atoms interacts with a single mode of a high-finesse optical cavity via the 7.5 kHz linewidth, spin forbidden ^{1}S_{0} to ^{3}P_{1} transition. By applying a magnetic field that shifts two excited state Zeeman levels, we open a transmission window through the cavity where the collective vacuum Rabi splitting due to a single level would create destructive interference for probe transmission. The spectroscopic feature approaches the atomic transition linewidth, which is much narrower than the cavity linewidth, and is highly immune to the reference cavity length fluctuations that limit current state-of-the-art laser frequency stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N Winchester
- JILA, NIST, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, 440 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Matthew A Norcia
- JILA, NIST, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, 440 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Julia R K Cline
- JILA, NIST, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, 440 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - James K Thompson
- JILA, NIST, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, 440 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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25
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Observing coherence effects in an overdamped quantum system. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13933. [PMID: 28000674 PMCID: PMC5187591 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
It is usually considered that the spectrum of an optical cavity coupled to an atomic medium does not exhibit a normal-mode splitting unless the system satisfies the strong coupling condition, meaning the Rabi frequency of the coherent coupling exceeds the decay rates of atom and cavity excitations. Here we show that this need not be the case, but depends on the way in which the coupled system is probed. Measurements of the reflection of a probe laser from the input mirror of an overdamped cavity reveal an avoided crossing in the spectrum that is not observed when driving the atoms directly and measuring the Purcell-enhanced cavity emission. We understand these observations by noting a formal correspondence with electromagnetically induced transparency of a three-level atom in free space, where our cavity acts as the absorbing medium and the coupled atoms play the role of the control field.
Normal-mode splitting in the spectrum of cavity coupled atoms is normally observed in the strong coupling regime. Here the authors demonstrate the existence of avoided crossings in the spectrum of an overdamped system of cavity coupled 87Rb atoms that arise due to dressing-induced transparency.
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26
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Liu ZY, Chen YH, Chen YC, Lo HY, Tsai PJ, Yu IA, Chen YC, Chen YF. Large Cross-Phase Modulations at the Few-Photon Level. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:203601. [PMID: 27886497 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.203601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an efficient cross-phase modulation (XPM) based on a closed-loop double-Λ system. The property of the double-Λ medium can be controlled by changing the phases of the applied optical fields. This phase-dependent XPM scheme can achieve large phase modulations at low-light intensities without requiring cavities or tightly focusing laser beams. With this scheme, we observe a π-level phase shift with two pulses, both consisting of eight photons in cold rubidium atoms. Such a novel scheme provides a simple route to generate strong interactions between photons and may have potential applications in all-optical quantum signal processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yu Liu
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Chen
- Department of Physics and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chun Chen
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Lo
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Ju Tsai
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Ite A Yu
- Department of Physics and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Cheng Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Fan Chen
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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27
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Mahato D, Naghma R, Alam MJ, Ahmad S, Antony B. Electron impact ionisation cross section for organoplatinum compounds. Mol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2016.1219408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dibyendu Mahato
- Atomic & Molecular Physics Lab, Department of Applied Physics, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, India
| | - Rahla Naghma
- Atomic & Molecular Physics Lab, Department of Applied Physics, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, India
| | | | - Shabbir Ahmad
- Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Bobby Antony
- Atomic & Molecular Physics Lab, Department of Applied Physics, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, India
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28
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Jha PK, Mrejen M, Kim J, Wu C, Wang Y, Rostovtsev YV, Zhang X. Coherence-Driven Topological Transition in Quantum Metamaterials. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:165502. [PMID: 27152810 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.165502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We introduce and theoretically demonstrate a quantum metamaterial made of dense ultracold neutral atoms loaded into an inherently defect-free artificial crystal of light, immune to well-known critical challenges inevitable in conventional solid-state platforms. We demonstrate an all-optical control, on ultrafast time scales, over the photonic topological transition of the isofrequency contour from an open to closed topology at the same frequency. This atomic lattice quantum metamaterial enables a dynamic manipulation of the decay rate branching ratio of a probe quantum emitter by more than an order of magnitude. Our proposal may lead to practically lossless, tunable, and topologically reconfigurable quantum metamaterials, for single or few-photon-level applications as varied as quantum sensing, quantum information processing, and quantum simulations using metamaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj K Jha
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), 3112 Etcheverry Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Michael Mrejen
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), 3112 Etcheverry Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Jeongmin Kim
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), 3112 Etcheverry Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Chihhui Wu
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), 3112 Etcheverry Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yuan Wang
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), 3112 Etcheverry Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yuri V Rostovtsev
- Center for Nonlinear Sciences and Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), 3112 Etcheverry Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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29
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Bettles RJ, Gardiner SA, Adams CS. Enhanced Optical Cross Section via Collective Coupling of Atomic Dipoles in a 2D Array. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:103602. [PMID: 27015480 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.103602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the optical cross section is an enticing goal in light-matter interactions, due to its fundamental role in quantum and nonlinear optics. Here, we show how dipolar interactions can suppress off-axis scattering in a two-dimensional atomic array, leading to a subradiant collective mode where the optical cross section is enhanced by almost an order of magnitude. As a consequence, it is possible to attain an optical depth which implies high-fidelity extinction, from a monolayer. Using realistic experimental parameters, we also model how lattice vacancies and the atomic trapping depth affect the transmission, concluding that such high extinction should be possible, using current experimental techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Bettles
- Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Center (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Simon A Gardiner
- Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Center (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Charles S Adams
- Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Center (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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30
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All-optical control of three-photon spectra and time asymmetry in a strongly coupled cavity polariton system. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22560. [PMID: 26936334 PMCID: PMC4776109 DOI: 10.1038/srep22560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Manipulating the nature of photons emission is one of the basic tasks in quantum optics and photonics. The ever growing list of quantum applications requires a robust means of controlling the strongly coupled coherent interaction of photons and matter. Here, we investigate three-photon transmission spectra in a strongly coupled cavity polariton system and show that the correlation functions and transmitted photon stream can be optically manipulated. The dynamics of single photons and photon pairs at the polariton resonances can be changed by light from a single external coupling laser. At the “dark-state polariton,” three-photon transmission is a perfectly coherent field in contrast to the strong photon-bunching behavior of a typical cavity quantum electrodynamics system. When the detuned probe light is tuned to the “bright polariton,” the light exhibits a dramatic photon antibunching effect. Remarkably, the Fano-resonant asymmetric three-photon transmission caused by the interference between the dressed states leads to a new quantum feature that is strongly nonclassical (the third-order correlation function g(3)(0, 0) ≪ 1) and has a wide and tunable bandwidth. The dependence of the intrinsic third-order correlation and time symmetry of the photon stream on the controlled parameters is also examined. Strongly nonclassical, all-optically controllable multi-photon dynamics are very important for future quantum devices and metrology.
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31
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Cai H, Matsuzaki Y, Kakuyanagi K, Toida H, Zhu X, Mizuochi N, Nemoto K, Semba K, Munro WJ, Saito S, Yamaguchi H. Analysis of the spectroscopy of a hybrid system composed of a superconducting flux qubit and diamond NV(-) centers. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:345702. [PMID: 26252646 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/34/345702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A hybrid system that combines the advantages of a superconductor flux qubit and an electron spin ensemble in diamond is one of the promising devices to realize quantum information processing. Exploring the properties of the superconductor diamond system is essential for the efficient use of this device. When we perform spectroscopy of this system, significant power broadening is observed. However, previous models to describe this system are known to be applicable only when the power broadening is negligible. Here, we construct a new approach to analyze this system with strong driving, and succeed in reproducing the spectrum with the power broadening. Our results provide an efficient way to analyze this hybrid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Cai
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan. Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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32
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Wu Q, Zhang JQ, Wu JH, Feng M, Zhang ZM. Tunable multi-channel inverse optomechanically induced transparency and its applications. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:18534-18547. [PMID: 26191912 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.018534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to the optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT) defined conventionally, the inverse OMIT behaves as coherent absorption of the input lights in the optomechanical systems. We characterize a feasible inverse OMIT in a multi-channel fashion with a double-sided optomechanical cavity system coupled to a nearby charged nanomechanical resonator via Coulomb interaction, where two counter-propagating probe lights can be absorbed via one of the channels or even via three channels simultaneously with the assistance of a strong pump light. Under realistic conditions, we demonstrate the experimental feasibility of our model by considering two slightly different nanomechanical resonators and the possibility of detecting the energy dissipation of the system. In particular, we find that our model turns to be a unilateral inverse OMIT once the two probe lights are different with a relative phase, and in this case the relative phase can be detected precisely.
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33
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Heeg KP, Haber J, Schumacher D, Bocklage L, Wille HC, Schulze KS, Loetzsch R, Uschmann I, Paulus GG, Rüffer R, Röhlsberger R, Evers J. Tunable Subluminal Propagation of Narrow-band X-Ray Pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:203601. [PMID: 26047228 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.203601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Group velocity control is demonstrated for x-ray photons of 14.4 keV energy via a direct measurement of the temporal delay imposed on spectrally narrow x-ray pulses. Subluminal light propagation is achieved by inducing a steep positive linear dispersion in the optical response of 57Fe Mössbauer nuclei embedded in a thin film planar x-ray cavity. The direct detection of the temporal pulse delay is enabled by generating frequency-tunable spectrally narrow x-ray pulses from broadband pulsed synchrotron radiation. Our theoretical model is in good agreement with the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian P Heeg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johann Haber
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Schumacher
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lars Bocklage
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Kai S Schulze
- Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Robert Loetzsch
- Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ingo Uschmann
- Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Gerhard G Paulus
- Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Rudolf Rüffer
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Ralf Röhlsberger
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Evers
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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34
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Quantum controlled-phase-flip gate between a flying optical photon and a Rydberg atomic ensemble. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10005. [PMID: 25966448 PMCID: PMC4428053 DOI: 10.1038/srep10005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum controlled-phase-flip (CPF) gate between a flying photon qubit and a stationary atomic qubit could allow the linking of distant computational nodes in a quantum network. Here we present a scheme to realize quantum CPF gate between a flying optical photon and an atomic ensemble based on cavity input-output process and Rydberg blockade. When a flying single-photon pulse is reflected off the cavity containing a Rydberg atomic ensemble, the dark resonance and Rydberg blockade induce a conditional phase shift for the photon pulse, thus we can achieve the CPF gate between the photon and the atomic ensemble. Assisted by Rydberg blockade interaction, our scheme works in the N-atoms strong-coupling regime and significantly relaxes the requirement of strong coupling of single atom to photon in the optical cavity.
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35
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Matsuzaki Y, Zhu X, Kakuyanagi K, Toida H, Shimo-Oka T, Mizuochi N, Nemoto K, Semba K, Munro WJ, Yamaguchi H, Saito S. Improving the coherence time of a quantum system via a coupling to a short-lived system. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:120501. [PMID: 25860725 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.120501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we propose a counterintuitive use of a hybrid system where the coherence time of a quantum system can be significantly improved by coupling it with a system of a shorter coherence time. Coupling a two-level system with a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV^{-}) center, a dark state of the NV^{-} center naturally forms after the hybridization. We show that this dark state becomes robust against noise due to the coupling even when the coherence time of the two-level system is much shorter than that of the NV^{-} center. Our proposal opens a new way to use a quantum hybrid system for the realization of robust quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Matsuzaki
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Xiaobo Zhu
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kakuyanagi
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Hiraku Toida
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Takaaki Shimo-Oka
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, University of Osaka, 1-3 Machikane-yama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Norikazu Mizuochi
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, University of Osaka, 1-3 Machikane-yama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kae Nemoto
- National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan
| | - Kouichi Semba
- National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - William J Munro
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamaguchi
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Shiro Saito
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
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36
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He Y, He YM, Liu J, Wei YJ, Ramírez HY, Atatüre M, Schneider C, Kamp M, Höfling S, Lu CY, Pan JW. Dynamically controlled resonance fluorescence spectra from a doubly dressed single InGaAs quantum dot. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:097402. [PMID: 25793849 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.097402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the first experimental demonstration of the interference-induced spectral line elimination predicted by Zhu and Scully [Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 388 (1996)] and Ficek and Rudolph [Phys. Rev. A 60, R4245 (1999)]. We drive an exciton transition of a self-assembled quantum dot in order to realize a two-level system exposed to a bichromatic laser field and observe the nearly complete elimination of the resonance fluorescence spectral line at the driving laser frequency. This is caused by quantum interference between coupled transitions among the doubly dressed excitonic states, without population trapping. We also demonstrate a multiphoton ac Stark effect with shifted subharmonic resonances and dynamical modifications of resonance fluorescence spectra by using double dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Y-M He
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - J Liu
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Y-J Wei
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - H Y Ramírez
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - M Atatüre
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, University of Cambridge, CB3 0HE Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - C Schneider
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Instität and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen-Center for Complex Material Systems, Universitat Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wüzburg, Germany
| | - M Kamp
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Instität and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen-Center for Complex Material Systems, Universitat Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wüzburg, Germany
| | - S Höfling
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Technische Physik, Physikalisches Instität and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen-Center for Complex Material Systems, Universitat Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wüzburg, Germany
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - C-Y Lu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - J-W Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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37
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Suzuki S. Development of a Novel Surface Elemental Analysis Methodology: X-ray-Aided Noncontact Atomic Force Microscopy (XANAM). BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20140286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shushi Suzuki
- Department of Crystalline Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University
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38
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Yang G, Tan Z, Zou B, Zhu Y. Interference control of nonlinear excitation in a multi-atom cavity quantum electrodynamics system. OPTICS LETTERS 2014; 39:6695-6698. [PMID: 25490655 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.006695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We show that by manipulating quantum interference in a multi-atom cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) system, the nonlinear excitation of the cavity-atom polariton can be resonantly enhanced while the linear excitation is suppressed. Under the appropriate conditions, it is possible to selectively enhance or suppress the polariton excitation with two free-pace laser fields. We report on an experiment with cold Rb atoms in an optical cavity and present experimental results that demonstrate such interference control of the CQED excitation and its direct application to studies of all-optical switching and cross-phase modulation of the cavity-transmitted light.
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39
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What is and what is not electromagnetically induced transparency in whispering-gallery microcavities. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5082. [PMID: 25342088 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been an increasing interest in all-optical analogues of electromagnetically induced transparency and Autler-Townes splitting. Despite the differences in their underlying physics, both electromagnetically induced transparency and Autler-Townes splitting are quantified by a transparency window in the absorption or transmission spectrum, which often leads to a confusion about its origin. While the transparency window in electromagnetically induced transparency is a result of Fano interference among different transition pathways, in Autler-Townes splitting it is the result of strong field-driven interactions leading to the splitting of energy levels. Being able to tell objectively whether an observed transparency window is because of electromagnetically induced transparency or Autler-Townes splitting is crucial for applications and for clarifying the physics involved. Here we demonstrate the pathways leading to electromagnetically induced transparency, Fano resonances and Autler-Townes splitting in coupled whispering-gallery-mode resonators. Moreover, we report the application of the Akaike Information Criterion discerning between all-optical analogues of electromagnetically induced transparency and Autler-Townes splitting and clarifying the transition between them.
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40
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Yi Z, Li GX, Wu SP, Yang YP. Ground-state cooling of an oscillator in a hybrid atom-optomechanical system. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:20060-20075. [PMID: 25321216 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.020060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigate a hybrid quantum system combining cavity quantum electrodynamics and optomechanics, where a photon mode is coupled to a four-level tripod atom and to a mechanical mode via radiation pressure. We find that within the single-photon optomechanics and Lamb-Dicke limit, the presence of the tripod atom alters the optical properties of the cavity radiation field drastically, and gives rise to completely quantum destructive interference effects in the optical scattering. The heating rate can be dramatically suppressed via utilizing the completely destructive interference involving atom, photon and phonon, and the obtained result is analogous to that of the resolved sideband regime. The heating process is only connected to the scattering of cavity damping path, which is also far-off resonance. Meanwhile, the cooling rate assisted by the atomic transitions can be significantly enhanced, where the cooling process occurs through the cavity and atomic dissipation paths. Finally, the ground-state cooling of the movable mirror is achievable and even more robust to heating process and thermal noise.
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41
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Zhu X, Matsuzaki Y, Amsüss R, Kakuyanagi K, Shimo-Oka T, Mizuochi N, Nemoto K, Semba K, Munro WJ, Saito S. Observation of dark states in a superconductor diamond quantum hybrid system. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3424. [PMID: 24709792 PMCID: PMC3988811 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The hybridization of distinct quantum systems has opened new avenues to exploit the best properties of these individual systems. Superconducting circuits and electron spin ensembles are one such example. Strong coupling and the coherent transfer and storage of quantum information has been achieved with nitrogen vacancy centres in diamond. Recently, we have observed a remarkably sharp resonance (~1 MHz) at 2.878 GHz in the spectrum of flux qubit negatively charged nitrogen vacancy diamond hybrid quantum system under zero external magnetic field. This width is much narrower than that of both the flux qubit and spin ensemble. Here we show that this resonance is evidence of a collective dark state in the ensemble, which is coherently driven by the superposition of clockwise and counter-clockwise macroscopic persistent supercurrents flowing in the flux qubit. The collective dark state is a unique physical system and could provide a long-lived quantum memory. Recently, a sharp resonance was observed in the spectrum of a flux-qubit nitrogen-vacancy-centre hybrid quantum system that is much narrower than that of either the flux qubit or the spin ensemble. Zhu et al. investigate this resonance and find evidence of a coherently driven collective dark state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Zhu
- 1] NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan [2]
| | - Yuichiro Matsuzaki
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Robert Amsüss
- 1] NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan [2] Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kosuke Kakuyanagi
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Takaaki Shimo-Oka
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikane-yama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Norikazu Mizuochi
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikane-yama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kae Nemoto
- National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan
| | - Kouichi Semba
- 1] NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan [2] National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan [3]
| | - William J Munro
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Shiro Saito
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
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42
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Tufarelli T, Ferraro A, Serafini A, Bose S, Kim MS. Coherently opening a high-Q cavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:133605. [PMID: 24745418 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.133605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We propose a general framework to effectively "open" a high-Q resonator, that is, to release the quantum state initially prepared in it in the form of a traveling electromagnetic wave. This is achieved by employing a mediating mode that scatters coherently the radiation from the resonator into a one-dimensional continuum of modes such as a waveguide. The same mechanism may be used to "feed" a desired quantum field to an initially empty cavity. Switching between an open and "closed" resonator may then be obtained by controlling either the detuning of the scatterer or the amount of time it spends in the resonator. First, we introduce the model in its general form, identifying (i) the traveling mode that optimally retains the full quantum information of the resonator field and (ii) a suitable figure of merit that we study analytically in terms of the system parameters. Then, we discuss two feasible implementations based on ensembles of two-level atoms interacting with cavity fields. In addition, we discuss how to integrate traditional cavity QED in our proposal using three-level atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Tufarelli
- QOLS, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Ferraro
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - Alessio Serafini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Sougato Bose
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - M S Kim
- QOLS, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
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43
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Sames C, Chibani H, Hamsen C, Altin PA, Wilk T, Rempe G. Antiresonance phase shift in strongly coupled cavity QED. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:043601. [PMID: 24580448 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.043601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigate phase shifts in the strong coupling regime of single-atom cavity quantum electrodynamics. On the light transmitted through the system, we observe a phase shift associated with an antiresonance and show that both its frequency and width depend solely on the atom, despite the strong coupling to the cavity. This shift is optically controllable and reaches 140°--the largest ever reported for a single emitter. Our result offers a new technique for the characterization of complex integrated quantum circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sames
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - H Chibani
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - C Hamsen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - P A Altin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T Wilk
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G Rempe
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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44
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Chen H, Zhang Y, Yao X, Wu Z, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Xiao M. Parametrically amplified bright-state polariton of four- and six-wave mixing in an optical ring cavity. Sci Rep 2014; 4:3619. [PMID: 24401795 PMCID: PMC3885996 DOI: 10.1038/srep03619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report experimental studies of bright-state polaritons of four-wave mixing (FWM) and six-wave mixing (SWM) signals through cascade nonlinear optical parametric amplification processes in an atom-cavity composite system for the first time. Also, the coexisting cavity transmission modes of parametrically amplified FWM and SWM signals are observed. Finally, electromagnetically induced absorption by the FWM cavity modes in the probe beam is investigated. The investigations can find potential applications in multi-channel narrow-band long-distance quantum communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Chen
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yiqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xin Yao
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhenkun Wu
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yanpeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Min Xiao
- Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA & National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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45
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Zhu MQ, Chen T, Zhang GF, Li C, Gong WL, Chen ZQ, Aldred MP. Spiropyran-based biodegradable polymer all-optical transistors integrate the switching and modulation of visible light frequency. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:2664-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49016e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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Kwon YD, Armen MA, Mabuchi H. Femtojoule-scale all-optical latching and modulation via cavity nonlinear optics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:203002. [PMID: 24289680 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.203002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally characterize Hopf bifurcation phenomena at femtojoule energy scales in a multiatom cavity quantum electrodynamical (cavity QED) system and demonstrate how such behaviors can be exploited in the design of all-optical memory and modulation devices. The data are analyzed by using a semiclassical model that explicitly treats heterogeneous coupling of atoms to the cavity mode. Our results highlight the interest of cavity QED systems for ultralow power photonic signal processing as well as for fundamental studies of mesoscopic nonlinear dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Dae Kwon
- Edward L. Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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47
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Wang L, Gu Y, Chen H, Zhang JY, Cui Y, Gerardot BD, Gong Q. Polarized linewidth-controllable double-trapping electromagnetically induced transparency spectra in a resonant plasmon nanocavity. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2879. [PMID: 24096943 PMCID: PMC3791453 DOI: 10.1038/srep02879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface plasmons with ultrasmall optical mode volume and strong near field enhancement can be used to realize nanoscale light-matter interaction. Combining surface plasmons with the quantum system provides the possibility of nanoscale realization of important quantum optical phenomena, including the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), which has many applications in nonlinear quantum optics and quantum information processing. Here, using a custom-designed resonant plasmon nanocavity, we demonstrate polarized position-dependent linewidth-controllable EIT spectra at the nanoscale. We analytically obtain the double coherent population trapping conditions in a double-Λ quantum system with crossing damping, which give two transparent points in the EIT spectra. The linewidths of the three peaks are extremely sensitive to the level spacing of the excited states, the Rabi frequencies and detunings of pump fields, and the Purcell factors. In particular the linewidth of the central peak is exceptionally narrow. The hybrid system may have potential applications in ultra-compact plasmon-quantum devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luojia Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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48
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Souza JA, Figueroa E, Chibani H, Villas-Boas CJ, Rempe G. Coherent control of quantum fluctuations using cavity electromagnetically induced transparency. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:113602. [PMID: 24074086 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.113602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We study the all-optical control of the quantum fluctuations of a light beam via a combination of single-atom cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Specifically, the EIT control field is used to tune the CQED transition frequencies in and out of resonance with the probe light. In this way, photon blockade and antiblockade effects are employed to produce sub-Poissonian and super-Poissonian light fields, respectively. The achievable quantum control paves the way towards the realization of a prototype of a novel quantum transistor which amplifies or attenuates the relative intensity noise of a light beam. Its feasibility is demonstrated by calculations using realistic parameters from recent experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Souza
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, P.O. Box 676, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil and Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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49
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McCusker KT, Huang YP, Kowligy AS, Kumar P. Experimental demonstration of interaction-free all-optical switching via the quantum Zeno effect. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:240403. [PMID: 25165898 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.240403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate all-optical interaction-free switching using the quantum Zeno effect, achieving a high contrast of 35:1. The experimental data match a zero-parameter theoretical model for several different regimes of operation, indicating a good understanding of the switch's characteristics. We also discuss extensions of this work that will allow for significantly improved performance, and the integration of this technology onto chip-scale devices, which can lead to ultra-low-power all-optical switching, a long-standing goal with applications to both classical and quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T McCusker
- EECS Department, Center for Photonic Communication and Computing, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3118, USA
| | - Yu-Ping Huang
- EECS Department, Center for Photonic Communication and Computing, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3118, USA
| | - Abijith S Kowligy
- EECS Department, Center for Photonic Communication and Computing, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3118, USA
| | - Prem Kumar
- EECS Department, Center for Photonic Communication and Computing, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3118, USA
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Yi Z, Gu WJ, Li GX. Ground-state cooling for a trapped atom using cavity-induced double electromagnetically induced transparency. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:3445-3462. [PMID: 23481803 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.003445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We propose a cooling scheme for a trapped atom using the phenomenon of cavity-induced double electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), where the atom comprising of four levels in tripod configuration is confined inside a high-finesse optical cavity. By exploiting one cavity-induced EIT, which involves one cavity photon and two laser photons, carrier transition can be eliminated due to the quantum destructive interference of excitation paths. Heating process originated from blue-sideband transition mediated by cavity field can also be prohibited due to the destructive quantum interference with the additional transition between the additional ground state and the excited state. As a consequence, the trapped atom can be cooled to the motional ground state in the leading order of the Lamb-Dicke parameters. In addition, the cooling rate is of the same order of magnitude as that obtained in the cavity-induced single EIT scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yi
- Department of Physics, Huazhong Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
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