1
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Zhu SY, He WJ, Shen GC, Bai ZQ, Song FF, He G, Wang H, Chen G. Ligand-Promoted Iron-Catalyzed Nitrene Transfer for the Synthesis of Hydrazines and Triazanes through N-Amidation of Arylamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202312465. [PMID: 37997539 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report that bulky alkylphosphines such as PtBu3 can switch the roles from actor to spectator ligands to promote the FeCl2 -catalyzed N-amidation reaction of arylamines with dioxazolones, giving hydrazides in high efficiency and chemoselectivity. Mechanistic studies indicated that the phosphine ligands could facilitate the decarboxylation of dioxazolones on the Fe center, and the hydrogen bonding interactions between the arylamines and the ligands on Fe nitrenoid intermediates might play a role in modulating the delicate interplay between the phosphine ligand, arylamine, and acyl nitrene N, favoring N-N coupling over N-P coupling. The new ligand-promoted N-amidation protocols offer a convenient way to access various challenging triazane compounds via double or sequential N-amidation of primary arylamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wen-Ji He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Guan-Chi Shen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zi-Qian Bai
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Fang-Fang Song
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Gang He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Gong Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
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2
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van den Heuvel N, Mason SM, Mercado BQ, Miller SJ. Aspartyl β-Turn-Based Dirhodium(II) Metallopeptides for Benzylic C(sp 3)-H Amination: Enantioselectivity and X-ray Structural Analysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:12377-12385. [PMID: 37216431 PMCID: PMC10330621 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Amination of C(sp3)-H bonds is a powerful tool to introduce nitrogen into complex organic frameworks in a direct manner. Despite significant advances in catalyst design, full site- and enantiocontrol in complex molecular regimes remain elusive using established catalyst systems. To address these challenges, we herein describe a new class of peptide-based dirhodium(II) complexes derived from aspartic acid-containing β-turn-forming tetramers. This highly modular system can serve as a platform for the rapid generation of new chiral dirhodium(II) catalyst libraries, as illustrated by the facile synthesis of a series of 38 catalysts. Critically, we present the first crystal structure of a dirhodium(II) tetra-aspartate complex, which unveils retention of the β-turn conformation of the peptidyl ligand; a well-defined hydrogen-bonding network is evident, along with a near-C4 symmetry that renders the rhodium centers inequivalent. The utility of this catalyst platform is illustrated by the enantioselective amination of benzylic C(sp3)-H bonds, in which state-of-the-art levels of enantioselectivity up to 95.5:4.5 er are obtained, even for substrates that present challenges with previously reported catalyst systems. Additionally, we found these complexes to be competent catalysts for the intermolecular amination of N-alkylamides via insertion into the C(sp3)-H bond α to the amide nitrogen, yielding differentially protected 1,1-diamines. Of note, this type of insertion was also observed to occur on the amide functionalities of the catalyst itself in the absence of the substrate but did not appear to be detrimental to reaction outcomes when the substrate was present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naudin van den Heuvel
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Savannah M. Mason
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Brandon Q. Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Scott J. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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3
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Docherty JH, Lister TM, Mcarthur G, Findlay MT, Domingo-Legarda P, Kenyon J, Choudhary S, Larrosa I. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C-H Bond Activation for the Formation of C-C Bonds in Complex Molecules. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37163671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Site-predictable and chemoselective C-H bond functionalization reactions offer synthetically powerful strategies for the step-economic diversification of both feedstock and fine chemicals. Many transition-metal-catalyzed methods have emerged for the selective activation and functionalization of C-H bonds. However, challenges of regio- and chemoselectivity have emerged with application to highly complex molecules bearing significant functional group density and diversity. As molecular complexity increases within molecular structures the risks of catalyst intolerance and limited applicability grow with the number of functional groups and potentially Lewis basic heteroatoms. Given the abundance of C-H bonds within highly complex and already diversified molecules such as pharmaceuticals, natural products, and materials, design and selection of reaction conditions and tolerant catalysts has proved critical for successful direct functionalization. As such, innovations within transition-metal-catalyzed C-H bond functionalization for the direct formation of carbon-carbon bonds have been discovered and developed to overcome these challenges and limitations. This review highlights progress made for the direct metal-catalyzed C-C bond forming reactions including alkylation, methylation, arylation, and olefination of C-H bonds within complex targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie H Docherty
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas M Lister
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian Mcarthur
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Michael T Findlay
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Domingo-Legarda
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob Kenyon
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Shweta Choudhary
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Igor Larrosa
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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4
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Albitz K, Csókás D, Dobi Z, Pápai I, Soós T. Late-Stage Formal Double C-H Oxidation of Prenylated Molecules to Alkylidene Oxetanes and Azetidines by Strain-Enabled Cross-Metathesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216879. [PMID: 36629402 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Prenylation is a ubiquitous late-stage modification in nature that often confers significantly improved bioactivity for secondary metabolites. While this lipophilic modification renders enhanced potency, the lipophilic tag(s) can diminish bioavailability and adversely alter drug transportation and metabolism. Thus, a functional-group-tolerant, mild, and selective late-stage C-H functionalization of prenyl tags would present a great potential in drug discovery programs but could also impact other fields, such as agrochemistry and chemical biology. Herein we report an exocyclic-strain-driven cross-metathesis reaction of prenyl tags, a formal double C-H oxidation protocol, that can be used for the selective late-stage derivatization of prenylated compounds and natural products. This methodology avoids the need for prefunctionalization of target molecules and affords ready access to an unprecedented library of oxo- and aza-prenylated complex molecules. Thus, in a broader context, this methodology extends late-stage functionalization beyond that available to nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztián Albitz
- Organocatalysis Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar tudósok körútja, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.,Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 1/A Pázmány Péter sétány, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Csókás
- Theoretical Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar tudósok körútja, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Dobi
- Organocatalysis Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar tudósok körútja, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imre Pápai
- Theoretical Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar tudósok körútja, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Soós
- Organocatalysis Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar tudósok körútja, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
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5
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Combining visible-light induction and copper catalysis for chemo-selective nitrene transfer for late-stage amination of natural products. Commun Chem 2022; 5:79. [PMID: 36697627 PMCID: PMC9814389 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00692-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrene transfer chemistry is an effective strategy for introducing C-N bonds, which are ubiquitous in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and diverse bioactive natural products. The development of chemical methodology that can functionalize unique sites within natural products through nitrene transfer remains a challenge in the field. Herein, we developed copper catalyzed chemoselective allylic C-H amination and catalyst-free visible-light induced aziridination of alkenes through nitrene transfer. In general, both reactions tolerate a wide range of functional groups and occur with predictable regioselectivity. Furthermore, combination of these two methods enable the intermolecular chemo-selective late-stage amination of biologically active natural products, leading to C-H amination or C=C aziridination products in a tunable way. A series of control experiments indicate two-step radical processes were involved in both reaction systems.
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6
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Lee W, Kim D, Seo S, Chang S. Photoinduced α-C-H Amination of Cyclic Amine Scaffolds Enabled by Polar-Radical Relay. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202971. [PMID: 35403797 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a polar-radical relay strategy for α-C-H amination of cyclic amines with N-chloro-N-sodio-carbamates. The relay is initiated by in situ generation of cyclic iminium intermediate using N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) oxidant as an initiator, which then operates through a series of polar (addition and elimination) and radical (homolysis, hydrogen- and halogen atom transfer) reactions to enable the challenging C-N bond formation in a controlled manner. A broad range of α-amino cyclic amines were readily accessed with excellent regioselectivity, and the superb applicability was further demonstrated by functionalization of biologically relevant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wongyu Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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7
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Theoretical studies on Mn-catalyzed intermolecular allylic C-H aminations of internal olefins: mechanism, chemo- and regioselectivity. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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8
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Lee W, Kim D, Seo S, Chang S. Photoinduced α‐C−H Amination of Cyclic Amine Scaffolds Enabled by Polar‐Radical Relay. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wongyu Lee
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Seo
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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9
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Wang J, Zheng K, Xiao R, Qian L, Lin Z. A comparative study of Rh 2-catalyzed intermolecular nitrene transfer reactions: mechanism and chemoselectivity. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00155a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The intermolecular catalytic mechanisms using Rh2(esp)2 and Rh2(OAc)4 are analogous and their large difference in aziridination-to-amination chemoselectivity stems from the steric effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Kangcheng Zheng
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Rongxing Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Li Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, P. R. China
| | - Zijie Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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10
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Maloney TP, Dohoda AF, Zhu AC, Michael FE. Stereoretentive and Regioselective Selenium-catalyzed Intermolecular Propargylic C-H Amination of Alkynes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2121-2127. [PMID: 35308840 PMCID: PMC8849008 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc07067c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we report an intermolecular propargylic C–H amination of alkynes. This reaction is operationally convenient and requires no transition metal catalysts or additives. Terminal, silyl, and internal alkynes bearing a wide range of functional groups can be aminated in high yields. The regioselectivity of amination for unsymmetrical internal alkynes is strongly influenced by substitution pattern (tertiary > secondary > primary) and by relatively remote heteroatomic substituents. We demonstrate that amination of alkynes bearing α-stereocenters occurs with retention of configuration at the newly-formed C–N bond. Competition experiments between alkynes, kinetic isotope effects, and DFT calculations are performed to confirm the mechanistic hypothesis that initial ene reaction of a selenium bis(imide) species is the rate- and product-determining step. This ene reaction has a transition state that results in substantial partial positive charge development at the carbon atom closer to the amination position. Inductive and/or hyperconjugative stabilization or destabilization of this positive charge explains the observed regioselectivities. Selenium catalysis enables a general intermolecular propargylic C–H amination of alkynes. The concerted mechanism gives rise to high regioselectivity for the more electron-rich end of the alkyne and retention of the C–H propargylic stereocenter.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- T Parker Maloney
- University of Washington, Department of Chemistry Box 351700 Seattle Washington 98195-1700 USA
| | - Alexander F Dohoda
- University of Washington, Department of Chemistry Box 351700 Seattle Washington 98195-1700 USA
| | - Alec C Zhu
- University of Washington, Department of Chemistry Box 351700 Seattle Washington 98195-1700 USA
| | - Forrest E Michael
- University of Washington, Department of Chemistry Box 351700 Seattle Washington 98195-1700 USA
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11
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Huo H, Jiang W, Sun F, Li J, Shi B. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel steroidal pyrazole amides as highly potent anticancer agents. Steroids 2021; 176:108931. [PMID: 34655595 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of thirty-six steroidal pyrazole amides, divided into two categories based on their main skeletons were designed and synthesized via a five-step synthetic route. The final product is obtained through Pinnick oxidation of pyrazole aldehydes to yield the corresponding acids, which then underwent amidation to afford the target products efficiently under mild reaction conditions. Structures of the desired compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, high resolution mass spectrometry; X-ray structural characterization of compound 16n was also obtained. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antiproliferative activity against four cancer cell lines (Pc-3 A549, Hela, HepG2) using the SRB method. Amides 10n, 16n, and 16p-16t exhibited moderate to high cytotoxic activities with IC50 values ranging from 2.05 to 8.73 μM. Of note, the hydrochloride derivative 16p displayed the highest activity towards PC-3 cells with IC50 values of 2.05 μM. Analysis of structure-activity relationships indicated that the presence of the diamine moiety and the aqueous solubility of the derivatives were vital factors for antiproliferative potency. Furthermore, molecule 16p induced PC-3 cells apoptosis and arrested cell cycle at G1 phase in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Science, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Weiqi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Baojun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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12
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Jana R, Begam HM, Dinda E. The emergence of the C-H functionalization strategy in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10842-10866. [PMID: 34596175 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04083a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the market competitiveness and urgent societal need, an optimum speed of drug discovery is an important criterion for successful implementation. Despite the rapid ascent of artificial intelligence and computational and bioanalytical techniques to accelerate drug discovery in big pharma, organic synthesis of privileged scaffolds predicted in silico for in vitro and in vivo studies is still considered as the rate-limiting step. C-H activation is the latest technology added into an organic chemist's toolbox for the rapid construction and late-stage modification of functional molecules to achieve the desired chemical and physical properties. Particularly, elimination of prefunctionalization steps, exceptional functional group tolerance, complexity-to-diversity oriented synthesis, and late-stage functionalization of privileged medicinal scaffolds expand the chemical space. It has immense potential for the rapid synthesis of a library of molecules, structural modification to achieve the required pharmacological properties such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicology (ADMET) and attachment of chemical reporters for proteome profiling, metabolite synthesis, etc. for preclinical studies. Although heterocycle synthesis, late-stage drug modification, 18F labelling, methylation, etc. via C-H functionalization have been reviewed from the synthetic standpoint, a general overview of these protocols from medicinal and drug discovery aspects has not been reviewed. In this feature article, we will discuss the recent trends of C-H activation methodologies such as synthesis of medicinal scaffolds through C-H activation/annulation cascade; C-H arylation for sp2-sp2 and sp2-sp3 cross-coupling; C-H borylation/silylation to introduce a functional linchpin for further manipulation; C-H amination for N-heterocycles and hydrogen bond acceptors; C-H fluorination/fluoroalkylation to tune polarity and lipophilicity; C-H methylation: methyl magic in drug discovery; peptide modification and macrocyclization for therapeutics and biologics; fluorescent labelling and radiolabelling for bioimaging; bioconjugation for chemical biology studies; drug-metabolite synthesis for biodistribution and excretion studies; late-stage diversification of drug-molecules to increase efficacy and safety; cutting-edge DNA encoded library synthesis and improved synthesis of drug molecules via C-H activation in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Jana
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Hasina Mamataj Begam
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Enakshi Dinda
- Department of Chemistry and Environment, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata-700107, India
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi Noda
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagaku-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
| | - Xinxin Tang
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagaku-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
| | - Masakatsu Shibasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagaku-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
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14
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Li G, Peng X, Guo Y, Gong S, Cao S, Qiu F. Currently Available Strategies for Target Identification of Bioactive Natural Products. Front Chem 2021; 9:761609. [PMID: 34660543 PMCID: PMC8515416 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.761609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, biologically active natural products have gradually become important agents in the field of drug research and development because of their wide availability and variety. However, the target sites of many natural products are yet to be identified, which is a setback in the pharmaceutical industry and has seriously hindered the translation of research findings of these natural products as viable candidates for new drug exploitation. This review systematically describes the commonly used strategies for target identification via the application of probe and non-probe approaches. The merits and demerits of each method were summarized using recent examples, with the goal of comparing currently available methods and selecting the optimum techniques for identifying the targets of bioactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuling Peng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajing Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoxuan Gong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shijie Cao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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15
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Ide T, Feng K, Dixon CF, Teng D, Clark JR, Han W, Wendell CI, Koch V, White MC. Late-Stage Intermolecular Allylic C-H Amination. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14969-14975. [PMID: 34514799 PMCID: PMC8961995 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Allylic amination enables late-stage functionalization of natural products where allylic C-H bonds are abundant and introduction of nitrogen may alter biological profiles. Despite advances, intermolecular allylic amination remains a challenging problem due to reactivity and selectivity issues that often mandate excess substrate, furnish product mixtures, and render important classes of olefins (for example, functionalized cyclic) not viable substrates. Here we report that a sustainable manganese perchlorophthalocyanine catalyst, [MnIII(ClPc)], achieves selective, preparative intermolecular allylic C-H amination of 32 cyclic and linear compounds, including ones housing basic amines and competing sites for allylic, ethereal, and benzylic amination. Mechanistic studies support that the high selectivity of [MnIII(ClPc)] may be attributed to its electrophilic, bulky nature and stepwise amination mechanism. Late-stage amination is demonstrated on five distinct classes of natural products, generally with >20:1 site-, regio-, and diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Ide
- Department of Chemistry, Roger Adams Laboratory, University of Illinois, 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kaibo Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Roger Adams Laboratory, University of Illinois, 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Charlie F Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, Roger Adams Laboratory, University of Illinois, 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Dawei Teng
- Department of Chemistry, Roger Adams Laboratory, University of Illinois, 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Joseph R Clark
- Department of Chemistry, Roger Adams Laboratory, University of Illinois, 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Chemistry, Roger Adams Laboratory, University of Illinois, 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Chloe I Wendell
- Department of Chemistry, Roger Adams Laboratory, University of Illinois, 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Vanessa Koch
- Department of Chemistry, Roger Adams Laboratory, University of Illinois, 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - M Christina White
- Department of Chemistry, Roger Adams Laboratory, University of Illinois, 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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16
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Zhang HW, Lv C, Zhang LJ, Guo X, Shen YW, Nagle DG, Zhou YD, Liu SH, Zhang WD, Luan X. Application of omics- and multi-omics-based techniques for natural product target discovery. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111833. [PMID: 34175822 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products continue to be an unparalleled source of pharmacologically active lead compounds because of their unprecedented structures and unique biological activities. Natural product target discovery is a vital component of natural product-based medicine translation and development and is required to understand and potentially reduce mechanisms that may be associated with off-target side effects and toxicity. Omics-based techniques, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and bioinformatics, have become recognized as effective tools needed to construct innovative strategies to discover natural product targets. Although considerable progress has been made, the successful discovery of natural product targets remains a challenging time-consuming process that has come to increasingly rely on the effective integration of multi-omics-based technologies to create emerging panomics (a.k.a., integrative omics, pan-omics, multiomics)-based strategies. This review summarizes a series of successful studies regarding the application of integrative omics-based methods in natural product target discovery. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique are discussed, with a particular focus on the systematic integration of multi-omics strategies. Further, emerging micro-scale single-cell-based techniques are introduced, especially to deal with minute natural product samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chao Lv
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li-Jun Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi-Wen Shen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dale G Nagle
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of BioMolecular Sciences and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University-1848, MS 38677-1848, USA
| | - Yu-Dong Zhou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - San-Hong Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xin Luan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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17
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Alwaseem H, Giovani S, Crotti M, Welle K, Jordan CT, Ghaemmaghami S, Fasan R. Comprehensive Structure-Activity Profiling of Micheliolide and its Targeted Proteome in Leukemia Cells via Probe-Guided Late-Stage C-H Functionalization. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:841-857. [PMID: 34079900 PMCID: PMC8161485 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The plant-derived sesquiterpene lactone micheliolide was recently found to possess promising antileukemic activity, including the ability to target and kill leukemia stem cells. Efforts toward improving the biological activity of micheliolide and investigating its mechanism of action have been hindered by the paucity of preexisting functional groups amenable for late-stage derivatization of this molecule. Here, we report the implementation of a probe-based P450 fingerprinting strategy to rapidly evolve engineered P450 catalysts useful for the regio- and stereoselective hydroxylation of micheliolide at two previously inaccessible aliphatic positions in this complex natural product. Via P450-mediated chemoenzymatic synthesis, a broad panel of novel micheliolide analogs could thus be obtained to gain structure-activity insights into the effect of C2, C4, and C14 substitutions on the antileukemic activity of micheliolide, ultimately leading to the discovery of "micheliologs" with improved potency against acute myelogenic leukemia cells. These late-stage C-H functionalization routes could be further leveraged to generate a panel of affinity probes for conducting a comprehensive analysis of the protein targeting profile of micheliolide in leukemia cells via chemical proteomics analyses. These studies introduce new micheliolide-based antileukemic agents and shed new light onto the biomolecular targets and mechanism of action of micheliolide in leukemia cells. More broadly, this work showcases the value of the present P450-mediated C-H functionalization strategy for streamlining the late-stage diversification and elucidation of the biomolecular targets of a complex bioactive molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Alwaseem
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Simone Giovani
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Michele Crotti
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Kevin Welle
- Mass
Spectrometry Resource Laboratory, University
of Rochester Medical School, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Craig T. Jordan
- Department
of Hematology, School of Medicine, University
of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United
States
| | - Sina Ghaemmaghami
- Mass
Spectrometry Resource Laboratory, University
of Rochester Medical School, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
- Department
of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Rudi Fasan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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18
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Sguazzin MA, Johnson JW, Magolan J. Hexafluoroisopropyl Sulfamate: A Useful Reagent for the Synthesis of Sulfamates and Sulfamides. Org Lett 2021; 23:3373-3378. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Sguazzin
- Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 3Z5, Canada
| | - Jarrod W. Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 3Z5, Canada
| | - Jakob Magolan
- Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 3Z5, Canada
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19
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Castro SJ, Padrón JM, Darses B, Nicotra VE, Dauban P. Late‐stage Rh(II)‐catalyzed Nitrene Transfer for the Synthesis of Guaianolide Analogs with Enhanced Antiproliferative Activity. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián J. Castro
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud Université Paris-Saclay Av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET) Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Casilla de Correo 495 5000 Córdoba Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET) Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Casilla de Correo 495 5000 Córdoba Argentina
| | - José M. Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González” (IUBO-AG) Universidad de La Laguna C/Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2 38206 La Laguna Spain
| | - Benjamin Darses
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud Université Paris-Saclay Av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Viviana E. Nicotra
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET) Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Casilla de Correo 495 5000 Córdoba Argentina
| | - Philippe Dauban
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud Université Paris-Saclay Av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
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20
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Song F, Zhu S, Wang H, Chen G. Iridium-Catalyzed Intermolecular N—N Coupling for Hydrazide Synthesis Using N-Benzoyloxycarbamates as Acyl Nitrene Precursor. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202105044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Lim Y, Kuang Y, Wu J, Yao SQ. Late‐Stage C(sp
2
)−H Functionalization: A Powerful Toolkit To Arm Natural Products for In Situ Proteome Profiling? Chemistry 2020; 27:3575-3580. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying‐Jie Lim
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Yulong Kuang
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Shao Q. Yao
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
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22
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Harada S, Kobayashi M, Kono M, Nemoto T. Site-Selective and Chemoselective C–H Functionalization for the Synthesis of Spiroaminals via a Silver-Catalyzed Nitrene Transfer Reaction. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Mayu Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Masato Kono
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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23
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Teh WP, Obenschain DC, Black BM, Michael FE. Catalytic Metal-free Allylic C-H Amination of Terpenoids. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16716-16722. [PMID: 32909748 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The selective replacement of C-H bonds in complex molecules, especially natural products like terpenoids, is a highly efficient way to introduce new functionality and/or couple fragments. Here, we report the development of a new metal-free allylic amination of alkenes that allows the introduction of a wide range of nitrogen functionality at the allylic position of alkenes with unique regioselectivity and no allylic transposition. This reaction employs catalytic amounts of selenium in the form of phosphine selenides or selenoureas. Simple sulfonamides and sulfamates can be used directly in the reaction without the need to prepare isolated nitrenoid precursors. We demonstrate the utility of this transformation by aminating a large set of terpenoids in high yield and regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Pin Teh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Derek C Obenschain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Blaise M Black
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Forrest E Michael
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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24
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Zhang S, Liu Y, Xing F, Che CM. Direct preparation of unprotected aminimides (R 3N +-NH -) from natural aliphatic tertiary alkaloids (R 3N) by [Mn(TDCPP)Cl]-catalysed N-amination reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9102-9105. [PMID: 32644058 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02934c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A panel of natural aliphatic tertiary alkaloids (R3N) were directly converted to R3N+-NH- (without the need to prepare protected aminimides R3N+-NR'- followed by deprotection) by [Mn(TDCPP)Cl]-catalysed N-amination reaction, with O-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydroxylamine as the nitrogen source, in up to 98% yields under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Yungen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Fangrong Xing
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P. R. China. and Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China and HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, P. R. China
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25
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Hong B, Luo T, Lei X. Late-Stage Diversification of Natural Products. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:622-635. [PMID: 32490181 PMCID: PMC7256965 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Late-stage diversification of natural products is an efficient way to generate natural product derivatives for drug discovery and chemical biology. Benefiting from the development of site-selective synthetic methodologies, late-stage diversification of natural products has achieved notable success. This outlook will outline selected examples of novel methodologies for site-selective transformations of reactive functional groups and inert C-H bonds that enable late-stage diversification of complex natural products. Accordingly, late-stage diversification provides an opportunity to rapidly access various derivatives for modifying lead compounds, identifying cellular targets, probing protein-protein interactions, and elucidating natural product biosynthetic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benke Hong
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Synthetic
and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking
University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua
Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tuoping Luo
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua
Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Academy
for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Synthetic
and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking
University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua
Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- E-mail:
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26
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Laroche B, Bouvarel T, Louis-Sylvestre M, Nay B. Diversity-oriented synthesis of 17-spirosteroids. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:880-887. [PMID: 32461769 PMCID: PMC7214869 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) approach has been used to functionalize 17-ethynyl-17-hydroxysteroids through a one-pot procedure involving a ring-closing enyne metathesis (RCEYM) and a Diels–Alder reaction on the resulting diene, under microwave irradiations. Taking advantage of the propargyl alcohol moiety present on commercially available steroids, this classical strategy was applied to mestranol and lynestrenol, giving a collection of new complex 17-spirosteroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Laroche
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptations des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Bouvarel
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptations des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Martin Louis-Sylvestre
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, ENSTA, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Bastien Nay
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptations des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, ENSTA, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau Cedex, France
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27
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Wang J, Gao H, Yang L, Gao YQ. Role of Engineered Iron-haem Enzyme in Reactivity and Stereoselectivity of Intermolecular Benzylic C–H Bond Amination. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hui Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Lijiang Yang
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yi Qin Gao
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing 100871, China
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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28
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Mechanism and Chemoselectivity of Mn-Catalyzed Intramolecular Nitrene Transfer Reaction: C–H Amination vs. C=C Aziridination. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10030292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The reactivity, mechanism and chemoselectivity of the Mn-catalyzed intramolecular C–H amination versus C=C aziridination of allylic substrate cis-4-hexenylsulfamate are investigated by BP86 density functional theory computations. Emphasis is placed on the origins of high reactivity and high chemoselectivity of Mn catalysis. The N p orbital character of frontier orbitals, a strong electron-withdrawing porphyrazine ligand and a poor π backbonding of high-valent MnIII metal to N atom lead to high electrophilic reactivity of Mn-nitrene. The calculated energy barrier of C–H amination is 9.9 kcal/mol lower than that of C=C aziridination, which indicates that Mn-based catalysis has an excellent level of chemoselectivity towards C–H amination, well consistent with the experimental the product ratio of amintion-to-aziridination I:A (i.e., (Insertion):(Aziridination)) >20:1. This extraordinary chemoselectivity towards C–H amination originates from the structural features of porphyrazine: a rigid ligand with the big π-conjugated bond. Electron-donating substituents can further increase Mn-catalyzed C–H amination reactivity. The controlling factors found in this work may be considered as design elements for an economical and environmentally friendly C–H amination system with high reactivity and high chemoselectivity.
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29
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Mudithanapelli C, Kim MH. Metal-free late-stage C(sp 2)-H functionalization of N-aryl amines with various sodium salts. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:450-464. [PMID: 31799581 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02217a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free consecutive C(sp2)-X (X = Cl, Br, S, N) bond formations of N-aryl amines (cyclic, fused, carbamate, and aminium radicals) were achieved under mild conditions using [bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo]benzene (PIFA) and simple nonharmful sodium salts. This direct and selective C(sp2)-H functionalization showed excellent functional group compatibility, cost effectiveness, and late-stage applicability for the synthesis of biologically active natural products. Two mechanisms were proposed to explain the ortho- or para-preference, as well as the accelerating effect of CH3NO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrashekar Mudithanapelli
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science & Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Iwata T, Fukase K, Nakao Y, Tanaka K. Efficient Synthesis of Marine Alkaloid Ageladine A and its Structural Modification for Exploring New Biological Activity. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2020. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.78.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Katsunori Tanaka
- Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research
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31
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Ng JPL, Coghi P, Law BYK, Liu L, Wong VKW. The present and future synthetic strategies of structural modifications of sinomenine. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00785d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the modifications of sinomenine, a hot compound derived from herbal plants, which possesses diverse biological activities and low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome P. L. Ng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Paolo Coghi
- School of Pharmacy
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
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32
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Kankala S, Vadde R. Gold mediated sp 3αC-H functionalization of steroidal diglycoside and their anti-cancer evaluation. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:3269-3276. [PMID: 31782664 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1696789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
C(sp3)-H alkylation at α-position of methyl-keto group on D-ring of Steroidal diglycoside (SG) with (i) C=N of Schiff base imines to form amine derivatives and (ii) C=C of acrylate Michael acceptors to form Markovnikov ester products using AuCl3/NHC as pre-catalyst and Ag(I) salts as co-catalyst was described. The original form of SG (1) and its derivatives (3b-f & 5a-d) were screened for in vitro anti-cancer activity specifically on two breast cancer cell lines (i.e. MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) and deduced the structure-activity-relationship with the support of molecular docking studies. Among these compounds 3b, 3f, 5b & 5d have shown more potent anticancer activity than standard drug cisplatin with considerable IC50 values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ravinder Vadde
- Department of Chemistry, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana State, India
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33
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Kanegusuku ALG, Castanheiro T, Ayer SK, Roizen JL. Sulfamyl Radicals Direct Photoredox-Mediated Giese Reactions at Unactivated C(3)-H Bonds. Org Lett 2019; 21:6089-6095. [PMID: 31313933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol-anchored sulfamate esters guide the alkylation of tertiary and secondary aliphatic C(3)-H bonds. The transformation proceeds directly from N-H bonds with a catalytic oxidant, a contrast to prior methods which have required preoxidation of the reactive nitrogen center, or employed stoichiometric amounts of strong oxidants to obtain the sulfamyl radical. These sulfamyl radicals template otherwise rare 1,6-hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) processes via seven-membered ring transition states to enable C(3)-H functionalization during Giese reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia L G Kanegusuku
- Duke University , Department of Chemistry , Box 90346, Durham , North Carolina 27708-0354 , United States
| | - Thomas Castanheiro
- Duke University , Department of Chemistry , Box 90346, Durham , North Carolina 27708-0354 , United States
| | - Suraj K Ayer
- Duke University , Department of Chemistry , Box 90346, Durham , North Carolina 27708-0354 , United States
| | - Jennifer L Roizen
- Duke University , Department of Chemistry , Box 90346, Durham , North Carolina 27708-0354 , United States
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34
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Rawat D, Ravi C, Joshi A, Suresh E, Jana K, Ganguly B, Adimurthy S. Indium-Catalyzed Denitrogenative Transannulation of Pyridotriazoles: Synthesis of Pyrido[1,2-a]indoles. Org Lett 2019; 21:2043-2047. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Rawat
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR−Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Chitrakar Ravi
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR−Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhisek Joshi
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR−Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Eringathodi Suresh
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR−Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Kalyanashis Jana
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR−Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Bishwajit Ganguly
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR−Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Subbarayappa Adimurthy
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR−Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India
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35
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Kono M, Harada S, Nemoto T. Chemoselective Intramolecular Formal Insertion Reaction of Rh-Nitrenes into an Amide Bond Over C-H Insertion. Chemistry 2019; 25:3119-3124. [PMID: 30561054 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The past few decades have witnessed extensive efforts to disclose the unique reactivity of metal-nitrenes, because they could be a powerful synthetic tool for introducing the amine functionality into unactivated chemical bonds. The reactivity of metal-nitrenes, however, is currently mainly confined to aziridination (an insertion into a C=C bond) and C-H amination (an insertion into a C-H bond). Nitrene insertion into an amide C-N bond, however, has not been reported so far. In this work we have developed a rhodium-catalyzed one-nitrogen insertion into amide C-N and sulfonamide S-N bonds. Experimental and theoretical analyses based on density functional theory indicate that the formal amide insertion proceeds via a rhodium-coordinated ammonium ylide formed between the nitrene and the amide nitrogen, followed by acyl group transfer concomitant with C-N bond cleavage. Mechanistic studies have allowed rationalization of the origin of the chemoselectivity observed between the C-H and amide insertion reactions. The methodology presented herein is the first example of an insertion of nitrene into amide bonds and provides facile access to unique diazacyclic systems with an N-N bond linkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Kono
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan.,Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
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36
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Boratyński PJ, Zielińska-Błajet M, Skarżewski J. Cinchona Alkaloids-Derivatives and Applications. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2019; 82:29-145. [PMID: 30850032 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Major Cinchona alkaloids quinine, quinidine, cinchonine, and cinchonidine are available chiral natural compounds (chiral pool). Unlike many other natural products, these alkaloids are available in multiple diastereomeric forms which are separated on an industrial scale. The introduction discusses in short conformational equilibria, traditional separation scheme, biosynthesis, and de novo chemical syntheses. The second section concerns useful chemical applications of the alkaloids as chiral recognition agents and effective chiral catalysts. Besides the Sharpless ethers and quaternary ammonium salts (chiral PTC), the most successful bifunctional organocatalysts are based on 9-amino derivatives: thioureas and squaramides. The third section reports the main transformations of Cinchona alkaloids. This covers reactions of the 9-hydroxyl group with the retention or inversion of configuration. Specific Cinchona rearrangements enlarging [2.2.2]bicycle of quinuclidine to [3.2.2] products are connected to the 9-OH substitution. The syntheses of numerous esterification and etherification products are described, including many examples of bi-Cinchona alkaloid ethers. Further derivatives comprise 9-N-substituted compounds. The amino group is introduced via an azido function with the inversion of configuration at the stereogenic center C9. The 9-epi-amino-alkaloids provide imines, amides, imides, thioureas, and squaramides. The syntheses of 9-carbon-, 9-sulfur-, and 9-selenium-substituted derivatives are discussed. Oxidation of the hydroxyl group of any alkaloid gives ketones, which can be selectively reduced, reacted with Grignard reagents, or subjected to the Corey-Chaykovsky reaction. The alkaloids were also partially degraded by splitting C4'-C9 or N1-C8 bonds. In order to immobilize Cinchona alkaloids the transformations of the 3-vinyl group were often exploited. Finally, miscellaneous functionalizations of quinuclidine, quinoline, and examples of various metal complexes of the alkaloids are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jacek Skarżewski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland.
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37
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Du YD, Xu ZJ, Zhou CY, Che CM. An Effective [FeIII(TF4DMAP)Cl] Catalyst for C–H Bond Amination with Aryl and Alkyl Azides. Org Lett 2019; 21:895-899. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Dan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 354 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhen-Jiang Xu
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 354 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cong-Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation, Shenzhen 518053, China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation, Shenzhen 518053, China
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 354 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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38
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Alderson JM, Corbin JR, Schomaker JM. Investigation of transition metal-catalyzed nitrene transfer reactions in water. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:5270-5273. [PMID: 29681485 PMCID: PMC6657797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed nitrene transfer is a powerful method for incorporating new CN bonds into relatively unfunctionalized scaffolds. In this communication, we report the first examples of site- and chemoselective CH bond amination reactions in aqueous media. The unexpected ability to employ water as the solvent in these reactions is advantageous in that it eliminates toxic solvent use and enables reactions to be run at increased concentrations with lower oxidant loadings. Using water as the reaction medium has potential to expand the scope of nitrene transfer to encompass a variety of biomolecules and highly polar substrates, as well as enable pH control over the site-selectivity of CH bond amination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet M Alderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Joshua R Corbin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Jennifer M Schomaker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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39
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Ito M, Nakagawa T, Higuchi K, Sugiyama S. Dirhodium(ii)-catalyzed ortho C-H amination of sterically congested N,N-dialkylanilines. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:6876-6881. [PMID: 30229789 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01974f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dirhodium(ii)-catalyzed ortho C-H amination of N,N-dialkylanilines has been developed. Sterically congested 1,2-diaminobenzenes were obtained in high yields with excellent chemo- and regioselectivities from para-substituted anilines and even from para-unsubstituted anilines. The ortho selectivity observed was rationalized in terms of the interaction between the dialkylamino group and a Rh(ii)-nitrene intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Ito
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan.
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40
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Murugesan K, Senthamarai T, Sohail M, Alshammari AS, Pohl MM, Beller M, Jagadeesh RV. Cobalt-based nanoparticles prepared from MOF-carbon templates as efficient hydrogenation catalysts. Chem Sci 2018; 9:8553-8560. [PMID: 30568779 PMCID: PMC6251336 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02807a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrolysis of cobalt-terephthalic acid MOF template on carbon produces highly active and selective cobalt nanoparticles-based hydrogenation catalysts.
The development of efficient and selective nanostructured catalysts for industrially relevant hydrogenation reactions continues to be an actual goal of chemical research. In particular, the hydrogenation of nitriles and nitroarenes is of importance for the production of primary amines, which constitute essential feedstocks and key intermediates for advanced chemicals, life science molecules and materials. Herein, we report the preparation of graphene shell encapsulated Co3O4- and Co-nanoparticles supported on carbon by the template synthesis of cobalt-terephthalic acid MOF on carbon and subsequent pyrolysis. The resulting nanoparticles create stable and reusable catalysts for selective hydrogenation of functionalized and structurally diverse aromatic, heterocyclic and aliphatic nitriles, and as well as nitro compounds to primary amines (>65 examples). The synthetic and practical utility of this novel non-noble metal-based hydrogenation protocol is demonstrated by upscaling several reactions to multigram-scale and recycling of the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathiravan Murugesan
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a , 18059 Rostock , Germany . ;
| | - Thirusangumurugan Senthamarai
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a , 18059 Rostock , Germany . ;
| | - Manzar Sohail
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a , 18059 Rostock , Germany . ; .,The Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT) , King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals , Dhahran 31261 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad S Alshammari
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology , Riyadh 11442 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Marga-Martina Pohl
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a , 18059 Rostock , Germany . ;
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a , 18059 Rostock , Germany . ;
| | - Rajenahally V Jagadeesh
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a , 18059 Rostock , Germany . ;
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41
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Clark JR, Feng K, Sookezian A, White MC. Manganese-catalysed benzylic C(sp 3)-H amination for late-stage functionalization. Nat Chem 2018; 10:583-591. [PMID: 29713037 PMCID: PMC6217814 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-018-0020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Reactions that directly install nitrogen into C-H bonds of complex molecules are significant because of their potential to change the chemical and biological properties of a given compound. Although selective intramolecular C-H amination reactions are known, achieving high levels of reactivity while maintaining excellent site selectivity and functional-group tolerance remains a challenge for intermolecular C-H amination. Here, we report a manganese perchlorophthalocyanine catalyst [MnIII(ClPc)] for intermolecular benzylic C-H amination of bioactive molecules and natural products that proceeds with unprecedented levels of reactivity and site selectivity. In the presence of a Brønsted or Lewis acid, the [MnIII(ClPc)]-catalysed C-H amination demonstrates unique tolerance for tertiary amine, pyridine and benzimidazole functionalities. Mechanistic studies suggest that C-H amination likely proceeds through an electrophilic metallonitrene intermediate via a stepwise pathway where C-H cleavage is the rate-determining step of the reaction. Collectively, these mechanistic features contrast with previous base-metal-catalysed C-H aminations and provide new opportunities for tunable selectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Clark
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kaibo Feng
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Anasheh Sookezian
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - M Christina White
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
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42
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Chiappini ND, Mack JBC, Du Bois J. Intermolecular C(sp
3
)−H Amination of Complex Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4956-4959. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201713225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - James B. C. Mack
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305-5080 USA
| | - J. Du Bois
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305-5080 USA
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43
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Chiappini ND, Mack JBC, Du Bois J. Intermolecular C(sp
3
)−H Amination of Complex Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201713225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - James B. C. Mack
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305-5080 USA
| | - J. Du Bois
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305-5080 USA
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44
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Kobayashi Y, Masakado S, Takemoto Y. Photoactivated
N
‐Acyliminoiodinanes Applied to Amination: an
ortho
‐Methoxymethyl Group Stabilizes Reactive Precursors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:693-697. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Sota Masakado
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Yoshiji Takemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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45
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Kobayashi Y, Masakado S, Takemoto Y. PhotoactivatedN‐Acyliminoiodinanes Applied to Amination: anortho‐Methoxymethyl Group Stabilizes Reactive Precursors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Sota Masakado
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Yoshiji Takemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto University Yoshida Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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46
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Abstract
The application of small molecules as catalysts for the diversification of natural product scaffolds is reviewed. Specifically, principles that relate to the selectivity challenges intrinsic to complex molecular scaffolds are summarized. The synthesis of analogues of natural products by this approach is then described as a quintessential "late-stage functionalization" exercise wherein natural products serve as the lead scaffolds. Given the historical application of enzymatic catalysts to the site-selective alteration of complex molecules, the focus of this Review is on the recent studies of nonenzymatic catalysts. Reactions involving hydroxyl group derivatization with a variety of electrophilic reagents are discussed. C-H bond functionalizations that lead to oxidations, aminations, and halogenations are also presented. Several examples of site-selective olefin functionalizations and C-C bond formations are also included. Numerous classes of natural products have been subjected to these studies of site-selective alteration including polyketides, glycopeptides, terpenoids, macrolides, alkaloids, carbohydrates, and others. What emerges is a platform for chemical remodeling of naturally occurring scaffolds that targets virtually all known chemical functionalities and microenvironments. However, challenges for the design of very broad classes of catalysts, with even broader selectivity demands (e.g., stereoselectivity, functional group selectivity, and site-selectivity) persist. Yet, a significant spectrum of powerful, catalytic alterations of complex natural products now exists such that expansion of scope seems inevitable. Several instances of biological activity assays of remodeled natural product derivatives are also presented. These reports may foreshadow further interdisciplinary impacts for catalytic remodeling of natural products, including contributions to SAR development, mode of action studies, and eventually medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Shugrue
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Scott J. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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47
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Gober JG, Ghodge SV, Bogart JW, Wever WJ, Watkins RR, Brustad EM, Bowers AA. P450-Mediated Non-natural Cyclopropanation of Dehydroalanine-Containing Thiopeptides. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:1726-1731. [PMID: 28535034 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thiopeptides are a growing class of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) natural products. Many biosynthetic enzymes for RiPPs, especially thiopeptides, are promiscuous and can accept a wide range of peptide substrates with different amino acid sequences; thus, these enzymes have been used as tools to generate new natural product derivatives. Here, we explore an alternative route to molecular complexity by engineering thiopeptide tailoring enzymes to do new or non-native chemistry. We explore cytochrome P450 enzymes as biocatalysts for cyclopropanation of dehydroalanines, chemical motifs found widely in thiopeptides and other RiPP-based natural products. We find that P450TbtJ1 and P450TbtJ2 selectively cyclopropanate dehydroalanines in a number of complex thiopeptide-based substrates and convert them into 1-amino-2-cyclopropane carboxylic acids (ACCAs), which are important pharmacophores. This chemistry takes advantage of the innate affinity of these biosynthetic enzymes for their substrates and enables incorporation of new pharmacophores into thiopeptide architectures. This work also presents a strategy for diversification of natural products through rationally repurposing biosynthetic enzymes as non-natural biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua G. Gober
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Swapnil V. Ghodge
- Division
of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Jonathan W. Bogart
- Division
of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Walter J. Wever
- Division
of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Richard R. Watkins
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Eric M. Brustad
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Albert A. Bowers
- Division
of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
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48
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Wright MH, Sieber SA. Chemical proteomics approaches for identifying the cellular targets of natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2017; 33:681-708. [PMID: 27098809 PMCID: PMC5063044 DOI: 10.1039/c6np00001k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on chemical probes to identify the protein binding partners of natural products in living systems.
Covering: 2010 up to 2016 Deconvoluting the mode of action of natural products and drugs remains one of the biggest challenges in chemistry and biology today. Chemical proteomics is a growing area of chemical biology that seeks to design small molecule probes to understand protein function. In the context of natural products, chemical proteomics can be used to identify the protein binding partners or targets of small molecules in live cells. Here, we highlight recent examples of chemical probes based on natural products and their application for target identification. The review focuses on probes that can be covalently linked to their target proteins (either via intrinsic chemical reactivity or via the introduction of photocrosslinkers), and can be applied “in situ” – in living systems rather than cell lysates. We also focus here on strategies that employ a click reaction, the copper-catalysed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC), to allow minimal functionalisation of natural product scaffolds with an alkyne or azide tag. We also discuss ‘competitive mode’ approaches that screen for natural products that compete with a well-characterised chemical probe for binding to a particular set of protein targets. Fuelled by advances in mass spectrometry instrumentation and bioinformatics, many modern strategies are now embracing quantitative proteomics to help define the true interacting partners of probes, and we highlight the opportunities this rapidly evolving technology provides in chemical proteomics. Finally, some of the limitations and challenges of chemical proteomics approaches are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Wright
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.
| | - S A Sieber
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.
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49
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Tasker SZ, Hergenrother PJ. Taming reactive benzynes. Nat Chem 2017; 9:504-506. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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50
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Kono M, Harada S, Nemoto T. Rhodium-Catalyzed Stereospecific C−H Amination for the Construction of Spiroaminal Cores: Reactivity Difference between Nitrenoid and Carbenoid Species against Amide Functionality. Chemistry 2017; 23:7428-7432. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Kono
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku; Chiba 260-8675 Japan
| | - Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku; Chiba 260-8675 Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku; Chiba 260-8675 Japan
- Chirality Research Center; Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku; Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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