1
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Chen F, Di H, Wang Y, Peng C, Chen R, Pan H, Yang CG, Liang H, Lan L. The enzyme activity of sortase A is regulated by phosphorylation in Staphylococcus aureus. Virulence 2023; 14:2171641. [PMID: 36694285 PMCID: PMC9928477 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2171641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In many Gram-positive bacteria, the transpeptidase enzyme sortase A (SrtA) anchors surface proteins to cell wall and plays a critical role in the bacterial pathogenesis. Here, we show that in Staphylococcus aureus, an important human pathogen, the SrtA is phosphorylated by serine/threonine protein kinase Stk1. S. aureus SrtA can also be phosphorylated by small-molecule phosphodonor acetyl phosphate (AcP) in vitro. We determined that various amino acid residues of S. aureus SrtA are subject to phosphorylation, primarily on its catalytic site residue cysteine-184 in the context of a bacterial cell lysate. Both Stk1 and AcP-mediated phosphorylation inhibited the enzyme activity of SrtA in vitro. Consequently, deletion of gene (i.e. stp1) encoding serine/threonine phosphatase Stp1, the corresponding phosphatase of Stk1, caused an increase in the phosphorylation level of SrtA. The stp1 deletion mutant mimicked the phenotypic traits of srtA deletion mutant (i.e. attenuated growth where either haemoglobin or haem as a sole iron source and reduced liver infections in a mouse model of systemic infection). Importantly, the phenotypic defects of the stp1 deletion mutant can be alleviated by overexpressing srtA. Taken together, our finding suggests that phosphorylation plays an important role in modulating the activity of SrtA in S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Chen
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, China,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China,Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Di
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Peng
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongrong Chen
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huiwen Pan
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cai-Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China,Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haihua Liang
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, China,School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China,Haihua Liang School of Medicine Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lefu Lan
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, China,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China,Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,CONTACT Lefu Lan
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2
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Wei Y, Jiang H, Chai C, Liu P, Qian M, Sun N, Gao M, Zu H, Yu Y, Ji G, Zhang Y, Yang S, He J, Cheng J, Tian J, Zhao Q. Endothelium-Mimetic Surface Modification Improves Antithrombogenicity and Enhances Patency of Vascular Grafts in Rats and Pigs. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:843-861. [PMID: 37547067 PMCID: PMC10401295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
We first identified thrombomodulin (TM) and endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase as key factors for the antithrombogenic function of the endothelium in human atherosclerotic carotid arteries. Then, recombinant TM and an engineered galactosidase responsible for the conversion of an exogenous NO prodrug were immobilized on the surface of the vascular grafts. Surface modification by TM and NO cooperatively enhanced the antithrombogenicity and patency of vascular grafts. Importantly, we found that the combination of TM and NO also promoted endothelialization, whereas it reduced adverse intimal hyperplasia, which is critical for the maintenance of vascular homeostasis, as confirmed in rat and pig models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Chai
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Institute of Imaging Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Pei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meng Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia (Ministry of Education), Harbin, China
| | - Man Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Honglin Zu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongquan Yu
- Department of Radiology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, China
| | - Guangbo Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yating Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sen Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ju He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiansong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinwei Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia (Ministry of Education), Harbin, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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3
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Zuo C, Ding R, Wu X, Wang Y, Chu GC, Liang LJ, Ai H, Tong ZB, Mao J, Zheng Q, Wang T, Li Z, Liu L, Sun D. Thioester-Assisted Sortase-A-Mediated Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201887. [PMID: 35514243 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Sortase A (SrtA)-mediated ligation, a popular method for protein labeling and semi-synthesis, is limited by its reversibility and dependence on the LPxTG motif, where "x" is any amino acid. Here, we report that SrtA can mediate the efficient and irreversible ligation of a protein/peptide containing a C-terminal thioester with another protein/peptide bearing an N-terminal Gly, with broad tolerance for a wide variety of LPxT-derived sequences. This strategy, the thioester-assisted SrtA-mediated ligation, enabled the expedient preparation of proteins bearing various N- or C-terminal labels, including post-translationally modified proteins such as the Ser139-phosphorylated histone H2AX and Lys9-methylated histone H3, with less dependence on the LPxTG motif. Our study validates the chemical modification of substrates as an effective means of augmenting the synthetic capability of existing enzymatic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zuo
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics (Shenzhen), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ruichao Ding
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics (Shenzhen), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics (Shenzhen), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuanxia Wang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Guo-Chao Chu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics (Shenzhen), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lu-Jun Liang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics (Shenzhen), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huasong Ai
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics (Shenzhen), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ze-Bin Tong
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics (Shenzhen), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Junxiong Mao
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics (Shenzhen), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qingyun Zheng
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics (Shenzhen), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics (Shenzhen), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zichen Li
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics (Shenzhen), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics (Shenzhen), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Demeng Sun
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
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4
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He G, Lei H, Sun W, Gu J, Yu W, Zhang D, Chen H, Li Y, Qin M, Xue B, Wang W, Cao Y. Strong and Reversible Covalent Double Network Hydrogel Based on Force-Coupled Enzymatic Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201765. [PMID: 35419931 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biological load-bearing tissues are strong, tough, and recoverable under periodic mechanical loads. However, such features have rarely been achieved simultaneously in the same synthetic hydrogels. Here, we use a force-coupled enzymatic reaction to tune a strong covalent peptide linkage to a reversible bond. Based on this concept we engineered double network hydrogels that combine high mechanical strength and reversible mechanical recovery in the same hydrogels. Specifically, we found that a peptide ligase, sortase A, can promote the proteolysis of peptides under force. The peptide bond can be re-ligated by the same enzyme in the absence of force. This allows the sacrificial network in the double-network hydrogels to be ruptured and rebuilt reversibly. Our results demonstrate a general approach for precisely controlling the mechanical and dynamic properties of hydrogels at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxiao He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250021, China.,School of Public Health and Management, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Hai Lei
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Wenxu Sun
- School of Public Health and Management, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Jie Gu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Wenting Yu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Huiyan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Meng Qin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Bin Xue
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.,Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.,Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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5
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Zuo C, Ding R, Wu X, Wang Y, Chu GC, Liang LJ, Ai H, Tong ZB, Mao J, Zheng Q, Wang T, Li Z, Liu L, Sun D. Thioester‐Assisted Sortase‐A ‐ Mediated Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zuo
- Tsinghua University Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences CHINA
| | - Ruichao Ding
- Tsinghua University Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences CHINA
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- Tsinghua University Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences CHINA
| | - Yuanxia Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences CHINA
| | - Guo-Chao Chu
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Lu-Jun Liang
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Huasong Ai
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Ze-Bin Tong
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Junxiong Mao
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | | | - Tian Wang
- Tsinghua University Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences CHINA
| | - Zichen Li
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Lei Liu
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Demeng Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences 96 Jinzhai Road 230026 Hefei CHINA
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6
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He G, Lei H, Sun W, Gu J, Yu W, Zhang D, Chen H, Li Y, Qin M, Xue B, Wang W, Cao Y. Strong and Reversible Covalent Double Network Hydrogel Based on Force‐coupled Enzymatic Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hai Lei
- Nanjing University Physics CHINA
| | - Wenxu Sun
- Nantong University School of Science CHINA
| | - Jie Gu
- Nanjing University Physics CHINA
| | | | - Di Zhang
- Nanjing University Physics CHINA
| | | | - Ying Li
- Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Environmental Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Meng Qin
- Nanjing University Physics CHINA
| | - Bin Xue
- Nanjing University Physics CHINA
| | - Wei Wang
- Nanjing University Physics CHINA
| | - Yi Cao
- Nanjing University Department of Physics 22 Hankou Road 210093 Nanjing CHINA
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7
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Wei Y, Wang F, Guo Z, Zhao Q. Tissue-engineered vascular grafts and regeneration mechanisms. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 165:40-53. [PMID: 34971664 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are life-threatening diseases with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Vascular bypass surgery is still the ultimate strategy for CVD treatment. Autografts are the gold standard for graft transplantation, but insufficient sources limit their widespread application. Therefore, alternative tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) are urgently needed. In this review, we summarize the major strategies for the preparation of vascular grafts, as well as the factors affecting their patency and tissue regeneration. Finally, the underlying mechanisms of vascular regeneration that are mediated by host cells are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhen Wei
- Zhengzhou Cardiovascular Hospital and 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; State key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology & Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology & Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhikun Guo
- Zhengzhou Cardiovascular Hospital and 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Zhengzhou Cardiovascular Hospital and 7th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; State key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology & Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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8
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Alberti D, Guarniero M, Maciola AK, Dotta E, Pasqual G. Engineering Ligand and Receptor Pairs with LIPSTIC to Track Cell-Cell Interactions. Curr Protoc 2021; 1:e311. [PMID: 34870906 PMCID: PMC7613713 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between different cell types are critical for a plethora of biological processes, such as the immune response. We recently developed a novel technology, called LIPSTIC (labeling of immune partnership by SorTagging intercellular contacts), that allows for identifying cells undergoing specific interactions thanks to an enzymatic labeling reaction. Our work demonstrated the use of this technology to monitor interactions between immune cells, both in vitro and in vivo, by the genetic engineering of CD40 and CD40L, an essential costimulatory axis between antigen-presenting cells and T cells. Here we describe protocols to design novel LIPSTIC-engineered ligand and receptor pairs, clone constructs into retroviral expression vector, perform their initial validation, and use them to measure interactions ex vivo. This information will be useful to investigators interested in exploiting the LIPSTIC technology to track their favorite immune interaction. Basic Protocol 1: Design of LIPSTIC-engineered ligand and receptor pairs Basic Protocol 2: Cloning of LIPSTIC-engineered ligand and receptor pairs Basic Protocol 3: Validation of LIPSTIC-engineered ligand and receptor pairs in 293T cells Basic Protocol 4: Measuring interaction with LIPSTIC in immune cells ex vivo
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafne Alberti
- Laboratory of Synthetic Immunology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michelle Guarniero
- Laboratory of Synthetic Immunology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Agnieszka K Maciola
- Laboratory of Synthetic Immunology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Enrico Dotta
- Laboratory of Synthetic Immunology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Pasqual
- Laboratory of Synthetic Immunology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
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9
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Fan F, Saha S, Hanjaya-Putra D. Biomimetic Hydrogels to Promote Wound Healing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:718377. [PMID: 34616718 PMCID: PMC8488380 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.718377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a common physiological process which consists of a sequence of molecular and cellular events that occur following the onset of a tissue lesion in order to reconstitute barrier between body and external environment. The inherent properties of hydrogels allow the damaged tissue to heal by supporting a hydrated environment which has long been explored in wound management to aid in autolytic debridement. However, chronic non-healing wounds require added therapeutic features that can be achieved by incorporation of biomolecules and supporting cells to promote faster and better healing outcomes. In recent decades, numerous hydrogels have been developed and modified to match the time scale for distinct stages of wound healing. This review will discuss the effects of various types of hydrogels on wound pathophysiology, as well as the ideal characteristics of hydrogels for wound healing, crosslinking mechanism, fabrication techniques and design considerations of hydrogel engineering. Finally, several challenges related to adopting hydrogels to promote wound healing and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fan
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Sanjoy Saha
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Donny Hanjaya-Putra
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
- Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
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10
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Gilchrist AE, Serrano JF, Ngo MT, Hrnjak Z, Kim S, Harley BAC. Encapsulation of murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in a thiol-crosslinked maleimide-functionalized gelatin hydrogel. Acta Biomater 2021; 131:138-148. [PMID: 34161871 PMCID: PMC8373770 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterial platforms are an integral part of stem cell biomanufacturing protocols. The collective biophysical, biochemical, and cellular cues of the stem cell niche microenvironment play an important role in regulating stem cell fate decisions. Three-dimensional (3D) culture of stem cells within biomaterials provides a route to present biophysical and biochemical stimuli through cell-matrix interactions and cell-cell interactions via secreted biomolecules. Herein, we describe a maleimide-functionalized gelatin (GelMAL) hydrogel that can be crosslinked via thiol-Michael addition click reaction for the encapsulation of sensitive stem cell populations. The maleimide functional units along the gelatin backbone enables gelation via the addition of a dithiol crosslinker without requiring external stimuli (e.g., UV light, photoinitiator), thereby reducing reactive oxide species generation. Additionally, the versatility of crosslinker selection enables easy insertion of thiol-containing bioactive or bioinert motifs. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were encapsulated in GelMAL, with mechanical properties tuned to mimic the in vivo bone marrow niche. We report the insertion of a cleavable peptide crosslinker that can be degraded by the proteolytic action of Sortase A, a mammalian-inert enzyme. Notably, Sortase A exposure preserves stem cell surface markers, which are an essential metric of hematopoietic activity used in immunophenotyping. This novel GelMAL system enables a route to produce artificial stem cell niches with tunable biophysical properties, intrinsic cell-interaction motifs, and orthogonal addition of bioactive crosslinks. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We describe a maleimide-functionalized gelatin hydrogel that can be crosslinked via a thiol-maleimide mediated click reaction to form a stable hydrogel without the production of reactive oxygen species typical in light-based crosslinking. The mechanical properties can be tuned to match the in vivo bone marrow microenvironment for hematopoietic stem cell culture. Additionally, we report inclusion of a peptide crosslinker that can be cleaved via the proteolytic action of Sortase A and show that Sortase A exposure does not degrade sensitive surface marker expression patterns. Together, this approach reduces stem cell exposure to reactive oxygen species during hydrogel gelation and enables post-culture quantitative assessment of stem cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan E Gilchrist
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Julio F Serrano
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Mai T Ngo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Zona Hrnjak
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sanha Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Brendan A C Harley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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11
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Ham HO, Haller CA, Su G, Dai E, Patel MS, Liu DR, Liu J, Chaikof EL. A rechargeable anti-thrombotic coating for blood-contacting devices. Biomaterials 2021; 276:121011. [PMID: 34303154 PMCID: PMC8405571 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the potential of anti-thrombogenic coatings, including heparinized surfaces, to improve the performance of blood-contacting devices, the inevitable deterioration of bioactivity remains an important factor in device failure and related thrombotic complications. As a consequence, the ability to restore the bioactivity of a surface coating after implantation of a blood-contacting device provides a potentially important strategy to enhance its clinical performance. Here, we report the regeneration of a multicomponent anti-thrombogenic coating through use of an evolved sortase A to mediate reversible transpeptidation. Both recombinant thrombomodulin and a chemoenzymatically synthesized ultra-low molecular weight heparin were repeatedly and selectively immobilized or removed in a sequential, alternating, or simultaneous manner. The generation of activated protein C (aPC) and inhibition of activated factor X (FXa) was consistent with the molecular composition of the surface. The fabrication of a rechargeable anti-thrombogenic surface was demonstrated on an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) vascular graft with reconstitution of the surface bound coating 4 weeks after in vivo implantation in a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ok Ham
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Carolyn A Haller
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Guowei Su
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Rm 1044, Genetic Medicine Building, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Erbin Dai
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Madhukar S Patel
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - David R Liu
- Merkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, 02142, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Rm 1044, Genetic Medicine Building, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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12
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Ibrar M, Zhang H. Site-Specific Biofunctionalization of Cellulose and Poly(dimethylsiloxane): A Chemoenzymatic Approach for Surface Engineering. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:15039-15047. [PMID: 33274948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Site-specific, covalent immobilization of protein is of great importance in the design of bioanalytical devices. User-defined covalent coupling of protein onto the surface has been primarily limited to a noncanonical amino acid or cysteine residues. It is desirable to develop a new approach for site-specific biofunctionalization. Herein, we demonstrate a robust and modular chemoenzymatic approach for site-specific, covalent grafting of proteins onto a surface. The synthetic strategy relies on the combination of surface amine functionalization, followed by sortase-mediated coupling. The developed method was validated by site-specific immobilization of two model proteins (glutathione S-transferase and green fluorescent protein) on cellulose and polydimethylsiloxane surfaces via a short recognition motif (LPETG). The covalent coupling of immobilized proteins at the interface was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in attenuated total reflectance mode, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscope, and fluorescent microscopy. This enzymatic surface functionalization approach could permit an oriented, homogeneous, and site-specific covalent tethering of LPETG-tag proteins to other materials under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ibrar
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Houjin Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P.R. China
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13
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Zou Z, Mate DM, Nöth M, Jakob F, Schwaneberg U. Enhancing Robustness of Sortase A by Loop Engineering and Backbone Cyclization. Chemistry 2020; 26:13568-13572. [PMID: 32649777 PMCID: PMC7693181 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus sortase A (SaSrtA) is widely used for site-specific protein modifications, but it lacks the robustness for performing bioconjugation reactions at elevated temperatures or in presence of denaturing agents. Loop engineering and subsequent head-to-tail backbone cyclization of SaSrtA yielded the cyclized variant CyM6 that has a 7.5 °C increased melting temperature and up to 4.6-fold increased resistance towards denaturants when compared to the parent rM4. CyM6 gained up to 2.6-fold (vs. parent rM4) yield of conjugate in ligation of peptide and primary amine under denaturing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zou
- Institute of BiotechnologyRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 352074AachenGermany
- DWI–Leibniz-Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraβe 5052074AachenGermany
| | - Diana M. Mate
- DWI–Leibniz-Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraβe 5052074AachenGermany
- Current address: Center of Molecular Biology “Severo Ochoa”Universidad Autónoma de MadridNicolás Cabrera 128049MadridSpain
| | - Maximilian Nöth
- Institute of BiotechnologyRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 352074AachenGermany
- DWI–Leibniz-Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraβe 5052074AachenGermany
| | - Felix Jakob
- Institute of BiotechnologyRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 352074AachenGermany
- DWI–Leibniz-Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraβe 5052074AachenGermany
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- Institute of BiotechnologyRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 352074AachenGermany
- DWI–Leibniz-Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstraβe 5052074AachenGermany
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14
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Uto K, Arakawa CK, DeForest CA. Next-Generation Biomaterials for Culture and Manipulation of Stem Cells. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:a035691. [PMID: 31843993 PMCID: PMC7461762 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell fate decisions are informed by physical and chemical cues presented within and by the extracellular matrix. Despite the generally attributed importance of extracellular cues in governing self-renewal, differentiation, and collective behavior, knowledge gaps persist with regard to the individual, synergistic, and competing effects that specific physiochemical signals have on cell function. To better understand basic stem cell biology, as well as to expand opportunities in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, a growing suite of customizable biomaterials has been developed. These next-generation cell culture materials offer user-defined biochemical and biomechanical properties, increasingly in a manner that can be controlled in time and 3D space. This review highlights recent innovations in this regard, focusing on advances to culture and maintain stemness, direct fate, and to detect stem cell function using biomaterial-based strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Uto
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo 100-0044, Japan
| | - Christopher K Arakawa
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA
| | - Cole A DeForest
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
- Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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15
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McNamara SL, Brudno Y, Miller AB, Ham HO, Aizenberg M, Chaikof EL, Mooney DJ. Regenerating Antithrombotic Surfaces through Nucleic Acid Displacement. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:2159-2166. [PMID: 33455325 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Blood-contacting devices are commonly coated with antithrombotic agents to prevent clot formation and to extend the lifespan of the device. However, in vivo degradation of these bioactive surface agents ultimately limits device efficacy and longevity. Here, a regenerative antithrombotic catheter surface treatment is developed using oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) toehold exchange. ODN strands modified to carry antithrombotic payloads can inhibit the thrombin enzyme when bound to a surface and exchange with rapid kinetics over multiple cycles, even while carrying large payloads. The surface-bound ODNs inhibit thrombin activity to significantly reduce fibrinogen cleavage and fibrin formation, and this effect is sustained after ODN exchange of the surface-bound strands with a fresh antithrombotic payload. This study presents a unique strategy for achieving a continuous antithrombotic state for blood-contacting devices using an ODN-based regeneration method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L McNamara
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Yevgeny Brudno
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, 911 Oval Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Alex B Miller
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Hyun Oki Ham
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States.,Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Michael Aizenberg
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States.,Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - David J Mooney
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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16
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Zou Z, Gau E, El-Awaad I, Jakob F, Pich A, Schwaneberg U. Selective Functionalization of Microgels with Enzymes by Sortagging. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2859-2869. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zou
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Gau
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Islam El-Awaad
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Felix Jakob
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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17
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Gu H, Ghosh S, Staples RJ, Bane SL. β-Hydroxy-Stabilized Boron-Nitrogen Heterocycles Enable Rapid and Efficient C-Terminal Protein Modification. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2604-2613. [PMID: 31483610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal chemistry has enabled the development of bioconjugates in physiological environments while averting interference from endogenous biomolecules. Reactions between carbonyl-containing molecules and alkoxyamines or hydrazines have experienced a resurgence in popularity in bioorthogonal chemistry owing to advances that allow the reactions to occur under physiological conditions. In particular, ortho-carbonyl-substituted phenylboronic acids (CO-PBAs) exhibit greatly accelerated rates of hydrazone and oxime formation via intramolecular Lewis acid catalysis. Unfortunately, the rate of the reverse reaction is also increased, yielding a kinetically less stable bioconjugate. When the substrate is a hydrazine derivative, an intramolecular reaction between the boronic acid and the hydrazone can lead to the formation of a heterocycle containing a boron-nitrogen bond. We have shown previously that α-amino hydrazides undergo rapid reaction with CO-PBAs to form highly stable, tricyclic products, and that this reaction is orthogonal to the popular azide-alkyne and tetrazine-alkene reactions. In this work, we explore a series of heteroatom-substituted hydrazides for their ability to form tricyclic products with two CO-PBAs, 2-formylphenylboronic acid (2fPBA), and 2-acetylphenylboronic acid (AcPBA). In particular, highly stable products were formed using β-hydroxy hydrazides and 2fPBA. C-Terminal β-hydroxy hydrazide proteins are available using conventional biochemical methods, which alleviates one of the difficulties with applications of bioorthogonal chemical reactions: site-specific incorporation of a reactive group into the biomolecular target. Using sortase-mediated ligation (SML), C-terminal threonine and serine hydrazides were appended to a model eGFP protein in high yield. Subsequent labeling with 2fPBA functionalized probes could be performed quickly and quantitatively at neutral pH using micromolar concentrations of reactants. The SML process was applied directly to an expressed protein in cellular extract, and the C-terminal modified target protein was selectively immobilized using 2fPBA-agarose. Elution from the agarose yielded a highly pure protein that retained the hydrazide functionality. This strategy should be generally applicable for rapid, efficient site-specific protein labeling, protein immobilization, and preparation of highly pure functionalized proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gu
- Department of Chemistry , Binghamton University, State University of New York , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
| | - Saptarshi Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry , Binghamton University, State University of New York , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
| | - Richard J Staples
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48824 , United States
| | - Susan L Bane
- Department of Chemistry , Binghamton University, State University of New York , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
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18
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Shadish JA, Strange AC, DeForest CA. Genetically Encoded Photocleavable Linkers for Patterned Protein Release from Biomaterials. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:15619-15625. [PMID: 31525979 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Given the critical role that proteins play in almost all biological processes, there is great interest in controlling their presentation within and release from biomaterials. Despite such outstanding enthusiasm, previously developed strategies in this regard result in ill-defined and heterogeneous populations with substantially decreased activity, precluding their successful application to fragile species including growth factors. Here, we introduce a modular and scalable method for creating monodisperse, genetically encoded chimeras that enable bioactive proteins to be immobilized within and subsequently photoreleased from polymeric hydrogels. Building upon recent developments in chemoenzymatic reactions, bioorthogonal chemistry, and optogenetics, we tether fluorescent proteins, model enzymes, and growth factors site-specifically to gel biomaterials through a photocleavable protein (PhoCl) that undergoes irreversible backbone photoscission upon exposure to cytocompatible visible light (λ ≈ 400 nm) in a dose-dependent manner. Mask-based and laser-scanning lithographic strategies using commonly available light sources are employed to spatiotemporally pattern protein release from hydrogels while retaining their full activity. The photopatterned epidermal growth factor presentation is exploited to promote anisotropic cellular proliferation in 3D. We expect these methods to be broadly useful for applications in diagnostics, drug delivery, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cole A DeForest
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98105 , United States.,Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98109 , United States
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19
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Maitz MF, Martins MCL, Grabow N, Matschegewski C, Huang N, Chaikof EL, Barbosa MA, Werner C, Sperling C. The blood compatibility challenge. Part 4: Surface modification for hemocompatible materials: Passive and active approaches to guide blood-material interactions. Acta Biomater 2019; 94:33-43. [PMID: 31226481 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical devices in the blood flow disturb the fine-tuned balance of pro- and anti-coagulant factors in blood and vessel wall. Numerous technologies have been suggested to reduce coagulant and inflammatory responses of the body towards the device material, ranging from camouflage effects to permanent activity and further to a responsive interaction with the host systems. However, not all types of modification are suitable for all types of medical products. This review has a focus on application-oriented considerations of hemocompatible surface fittings. Thus, passive versus bioactive modifications are discussed along with the control of protein adsorption, stability of the immobilization, and the type of bioactive substance, biological or synthetic. Further considerations are related to the target system, whether enzymes or cells should be addressed in arterial or venous system, or whether the blood vessel wall is addressed. Recent developments like feedback controlled or self-renewing systems for drug release or addressing cellular regulation pathways of blood platelets and endothelial cells are paradigms for a generation of blood contacting devices, which are hemocompatible by cooperation with the host system. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This paper is part 4 of a series of 4 reviews discussing the problem of biomaterial associated thrombogenicity. The objective was to highlight features of broad agreement and provide commentary on those aspects of the problem that were subject to dispute. We hope that future investigators will update these reviews as new scholarship resolves the uncertainties of today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred F Maitz
- Institute Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany; Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
| | - M Cristina L Martins
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Portugal; INEB, Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Niels Grabow
- Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Str. 4, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Claudia Matschegewski
- Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Str. 4, 18119 Rostock, Germany; Institute for ImplantTechnology and Biomaterials (IIB) e.V., Friedrich-Barnewitz-Str. 4, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Nan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Mário A Barbosa
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Portugal; INEB, Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carsten Werner
- Institute Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Sperling
- Institute Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany
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20
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Dai X, Böker A, Glebe U. Broadening the scope of sortagging. RSC Adv 2019; 9:4700-4721. [PMID: 35514663 PMCID: PMC9060782 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06705h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sortases are enzymes occurring in the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria. Sortase A (SrtA), the best studied sortase class, plays a key role in anchoring surface proteins with the recognition sequence LPXTG covalently to oligoglycine units of the bacterial cell wall. This unique transpeptidase activity renders SrtA attractive for various purposes and motivated researchers to study multiple in vivo and in vitro ligations in the last decades. This ligation technique is known as sortase-mediated ligation (SML) or sortagging and developed to a frequently used method in basic research. The advantages are manifold: extremely high substrate specificity, simple access to substrates and enzyme, robust nature and easy handling of sortase A. In addition to the ligation of two proteins or peptides, early studies already included at least one artificial (peptide equipped) substrate into sortagging reactions - which demonstrates the versatility and broad applicability of SML. Thus, SML is not only a biology-related technique, but has found prominence as a major interdisciplinary research tool. In this review, we provide an overview about the use of sortase A in interdisciplinary research, mainly for protein modification, synthesis of protein-polymer conjugates and immobilization of proteins on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Dai
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Polymermaterialien und Polymertechnologie, Universität Potsdam 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Alexander Böker
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Polymermaterialien und Polymertechnologie, Universität Potsdam 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Ulrich Glebe
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
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21
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Zhang Y, Park KY, Suazo KF, Distefano MD. Recent progress in enzymatic protein labelling techniques and their applications. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:9106-9136. [PMID: 30259933 PMCID: PMC6289631 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00537k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Protein-based conjugates are valuable constructs for a variety of applications. Conjugation of proteins to fluorophores is commonly used to study their cellular localization and the protein-protein interactions. Modification of therapeutic proteins with either polymers or cytotoxic moieties greatly enhances their pharmacokinetics or potency. To label a protein of interest, conventional direct chemical reaction with the side-chains of native amino acids often yields heterogeneously modified products. This renders their characterization complicated, requires difficult separation steps and may impact protein function. Although modification can also be achieved via the insertion of unnatural amino acids bearing bioorthogonal functional groups, these methods can have lower protein expression yields, limiting large scale production. As a site-specific modification method, enzymatic protein labelling is highly efficient and robust under mild reaction conditions. Significant progress has been made over the last five years in modifying proteins using enzymatic methods for numerous applications, including the creation of clinically relevant conjugates with polymers, cytotoxins or imaging agents, fluorescent or affinity probes to study complex protein interaction networks, and protein-linked materials for biosensing. This review summarizes developments in enzymatic protein labelling over the last five years for a panel of ten enzymes, including sortase A, subtiligase, microbial transglutaminase, farnesyltransferase, N-myristoyltransferase, phosphopantetheinyl transferases, tubulin tyrosin ligase, lipoic acid ligase, biotin ligase and formylglycine generating enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
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22
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Madl CM, Heilshorn SC. Bioorthogonal Strategies for Engineering Extracellular Matrices. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2018; 28:1706046. [PMID: 31558890 PMCID: PMC6761700 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201706046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are commonly used as engineered extracellular matrix (ECM) mimics in applications ranging from tissue engineering to in vitro disease models. Ideal mechanisms used to crosslink ECM-mimicking hydrogels do not interfere with the biology of the system. However, most common hydrogel crosslinking chemistries exhibit some form of cross-reactivity. The field of bio-orthogonal chemistry has arisen to address the need for highly specific and robust reactions in biological contexts. Accordingly, bio-orthogonal crosslinking strategies have been incorporated into hydrogel design, allowing for gentle and efficient encapsulation of cells in various hydrogel materials. Furthermore, the selective nature of bio-orthogonal chemistries can permit dynamic modification of hydrogel materials in the presence of live cells and other biomolecules to alter matrix mechanical properties and biochemistry on demand. In this review, we provide an overview of bio-orthogonal strategies used to prepare cell-encapsulating hydrogels and highlight the potential applications of bio-orthogonal chemistries in the design of dynamic engineered ECMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Madl
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sarah C Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,
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Sortase-Mediated Ligation of Purely Artificial Building Blocks. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10020151. [PMID: 30966187 PMCID: PMC6414994 DOI: 10.3390/polym10020151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sortase A (SrtA) from Staphylococcus aureus has been often used for ligating a protein with other natural or synthetic compounds in recent years. Here we show that SrtA-mediated ligation (SML) is universally applicable for the linkage of two purely artificial building blocks. Silica nanoparticles (NPs), poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) are chosen as synthetic building blocks. As a proof of concept, NP–polymer, NP–NP, and polymer–polymer structures are formed by SrtA catalysis. Therefore, the building blocks are equipped with the recognition sequence needed for SrtA reaction—the conserved peptide LPETG—and a pentaglycine motif. The successful formation of the reaction products is shown by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF MS), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The sortase catalyzed linkage of artificial building blocks sets the stage for the development of a new approach to link synthetic structures in cases where their synthesis by established chemical methods is complicated.
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Yang M, Hong H, Liu S, Zhao X, Wu Z. Immobilization of Staphylococcus aureus Sortase A on Chitosan Particles and Its Applications in Peptide-to-Peptide Ligation and Peptide Cyclization. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23010192. [PMID: 29351256 PMCID: PMC6017383 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan macro-particles prepared by the neutralization method were applied to Sortase A (SrtA) immobilization using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent. The particles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the immobilization process. An average specific activity of 3142 U (mg protein)-1 was obtained under optimized immobilization conditions (chitosan concentration 3%, SrtA concentration 0.5 mg·mL-1, glutaraldehyde concentration 0.5%, crosslinking and immobilization at 20 °C, crosslinking for 3 h, and an immobilization time of 8 h). The transpeptidase activity of immobilized SrtA was proved by a peptide-to-peptide ligation with a conversion yield approximately at 80%, and the immobilized catalyst was successfully reused for five cycles without obvious activity loss. Moreover, the scale-up capability of using immobilized SrtA to catalyze a head-to-tail peptide cyclization was investigated in a batch reaction and the conversion yield was more than 95% when using 20 mg of peptide as a substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Haofei Hong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Shaozhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xinrui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Zhimeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Li J, Zhang K, Huang N. Engineering Cardiovascular Implant Surfaces to Create a Vascular Endothelial Growth Microenvironment. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [PMID: 28941232 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201600401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is generally accepted as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and an increasing number of patients suffer from atherosclerosis and thrombosis annually. To treat these disorders and prolong the sufferers' life, several cardiovascular implants have been developed and applied clinically. Nevertheless, thrombosis and hyperplasia at the site of cardiovascular implants are recognized as long-term problems in the practice of interventional cardiology. Here, we start this review from the clinical requirement of the implants, such as anti-hyperplasia, anti-thrombosis, and pro-endothelialization, wherein particularly focus on the natural factors which influence functional endothelialization in situ, including the healthy smooth muscle cells (SMCs) environment, blood flow shear stress (BFSS), and the extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment. Then, the currently available strategies on surface modification of cardiovascular biomaterials to create vascular endothelial growth microenvironment are introduced as the main topic, e.g., BFSS effect simulation by surface micro-patterning, ECM rational construction and SMCs phenotype maintain. Finally, the prospects for extending use of the in situ construction of endothelial cells growth microenvironment are discussed and summarized in designing the next generation of vascular implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.,Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China.,School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Nan Huang
- Key Lab. for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
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Mei M, Zhou Y, Peng W, Yu C, Ma L, Zhang G, Yi L. Application of modified yeast surface display technologies for non-Antibody protein engineering. Microbiol Res 2017; 196:118-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Meldal M, Schoffelen S. Recent advances in covalent, site-specific protein immobilization. F1000Res 2016; 5:F1000 Faculty Rev-2303. [PMID: 27785356 PMCID: PMC5022707 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.9002.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The properties of biosensors, biomedical implants, and other materials based on immobilized proteins greatly depend on the method employed to couple the protein molecules to their solid support. Covalent, site-specific immobilization strategies are robust and can provide the level of control that is desired in this kind of application. Recent advances include the use of enzymes, such as sortase A, to couple proteins in a site-specific manner to materials such as microbeads, glass, and hydrogels. Also, self-labeling tags such as the SNAP-tag can be employed. Last but not least, chemical approaches based on bioorthogonal reactions, like the azide-alkyne cycloaddition, have proven to be powerful tools. The lack of comparative studies and quantitative analysis of these immobilization methods hampers the selection process of the optimal strategy for a given application. However, besides immobilization efficiency, the freedom in selecting the site of conjugation and the size of the conjugation tag and the researcher's expertise regarding molecular biology and/or chemical techniques will be determining factors in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Meldal
- Center for Evolutionary Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sanne Schoffelen
- Center for Evolutionary Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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