1
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Vento V, Tarrago Velez S, Pogrebna A, Galland C. Measurement-induced collective vibrational quantum coherence under spontaneous Raman scattering in a liquid. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2818. [PMID: 37198190 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38483-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous vibrational Raman scattering is a ubiquitous form of light-matter interaction whose description necessitates quantization of the electromagnetic field. It is usually considered as an incoherent process because the scattered field lacks any predictable phase relationship with the incoming field. When probing an ensemble of molecules, the question therefore arises: What quantum state should be used to describe the molecular ensemble following spontaneous Stokes scattering? We experimentally address this question by measuring time-resolved Stokes-anti-Stokes two-photon coincidences on a molecular liquid consisting of several sub-ensembles with slightly different vibrational frequencies. When spontaneously scattered Stokes photons and subsequent anti-Stokes photons are detected into a single spatiotemporal mode, the observed dynamics is inconsistent with a statistical mixture of individually excited molecules. Instead, we show that the data are reproduced if Stokes-anti-Stokes correlations are mediated by a collective vibrational quantum, i.e. a coherent superposition of all molecules interacting with light. Our results demonstrate that the degree of coherence in the vibrational state of the liquid is not an intrinsic property of the material system, but rather depends on the optical excitation and detection geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Vento
- Institute of Physics, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Santiago Tarrago Velez
- Institute of Physics, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anna Pogrebna
- Institute of Physics, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Galland
- Institute of Physics, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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2
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Bonsma-Fisher KAG, Bustard PJ, Parry C, Wright TA, England DG, Sussman BJ, Mosley PJ. Ultratunable Quantum Frequency Conversion in Photonic Crystal Fiber. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:203603. [PMID: 36462023 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.203603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Quantum frequency conversion of single photons between wavelength bands is a key enabler to realizing widespread quantum networks. We demonstrate the quantum frequency conversion of a heralded 1551 nm photon to any wavelength within an ultrabroad (1226-1408 nm) range in a group-velocity-symmetric photonic crystal fiber, covering over 150 independent frequency bins. The target wavelength is controlled by tuning only a single pump laser wavelength. We find internal, and total, conversion efficiencies of 12(1)% and 1.4(2)%, respectively. For the case of converting 1551 to 1300 nm we measure a heralded g^{(2)}(0)=0.25(6) for converted light from an input with g^{(2)}(0)=0.034(8). We expect that this photonic crystal fiber can be used for myriad quantum networking tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A G Bonsma-Fisher
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - P J Bustard
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - C Parry
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - T A Wright
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - D G England
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - B J Sussman
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Advanced Research Complex, 25 Templeton Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - P J Mosley
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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3
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Li M, Hu H, Liu B, Liu X, Zheng ZG, Tian H, Zhu WH. Light-Reconfiguring Inhomogeneous Soft Helical Pitch with Fatigue Resistance and Reversibility. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20773-20784. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Honglong Hu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Binghui Liu
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zheng
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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4
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Tarrago Velez S, Sudhir V, Sangouard N, Galland C. Bell correlations between light and vibration at ambient conditions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabb0260. [PMID: 33355121 PMCID: PMC11206194 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved Raman spectroscopy techniques offer various ways to study the dynamics of molecular vibrations in liquids or gases and optical phonons in crystals. While these techniques give access to the coherence time of the vibrational modes, they are not able to reveal the fragile quantum correlations that are spontaneously created between light and vibration during the Raman interaction. Here, we present a scheme leveraging universal properties of spontaneous Raman scattering to demonstrate Bell correlations between light and a collective molecular vibration. We measure the decay of these hybrid photon-phonon Bell correlations with sub-picosecond time resolution and find that they survive over several hundred oscillations at ambient conditions. Our method offers a universal approach to generate entanglement between light and molecular vibrations. Moreover, our results pave the way for the study of quantum correlations in more complex solid-state and molecular systems in their natural state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Tarrago Velez
- Institue of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vivishek Sudhir
- LIGO Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Nicolas Sangouard
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institut de physique théorique, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Christophe Galland
- Institue of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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5
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Glerean F, Jarc G, Marciniak A, Giusti F, Sparapassi G, Montanaro A, Rigoni EM, Tollerud JO, Fausti D. Time-resolved multimode heterodyne detection for dissecting coherent states of matter. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:3498-3501. [PMID: 32630881 DOI: 10.1364/ol.394661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Unveiling and controlling the time evolution of the momentum and position of low energy excitations such as phonons, magnons, and electronic excitation is the key to attain coherently driven new functionalities of materials. Here we report the implementation of femtosecond time- and frequency-resolved multimode heterodyne detection and show that it allows for independent measurement of the time evolution of the position and momentum of the atoms in coherent vibrational states in α-quartz. The time dependence of the probe field quadratures reveals that their amplitude is maximally changed when the atoms have maximum momentum, while their phase encodes a different information and evolves proportionally to the instantaneous atomic positon. We stress that this methodology, providing the mean to map both momentum and position in one optical observable, may be of relevance for both quantum information technologies and time-domain studies on complex materials.
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6
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Morin O, Körber M, Langenfeld S, Rempe G. Deterministic Shaping and Reshaping of Single-Photon Temporal Wave Functions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:133602. [PMID: 31697544 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.133602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thorough control of the optical mode of a single photon is essential for quantum information applications. We present a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study of a light-matter interface based on cavity quantum electrodynamics. We identify key parameters like the phases of the involved light fields and demonstrate absolute, flexible, and accurate control of the time-dependent complex-valued wave function of a single photon over several orders of magnitude. This capability will be an important tool for the development of distributed quantum systems with multiple components that interact via photons.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Morin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M Körber
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S Langenfeld
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G Rempe
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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7
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Huang Z, Lu H, Xiong H, Li Y, Chen H, Qiu W, Guan H, Dong J, Zhu W, Yu J, Luo Y, Zhang J, Chen Z. Fano Resonance on Nanostructured Lithium Niobate for Highly Efficient and Tunable Second Harmonic Generation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E69. [PMID: 30621302 PMCID: PMC6359311 DOI: 10.3390/nano9010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG) is an important nonlinear process which is critical for applications, such as optical integrated circuit, nonlinear microscopy, laser, etc. Many challenges remain in the improvement of nonlinear conversion efficiency, since the typical value is of only 10-5 in nanostructures. Here, we theoretically demonstrate a periodic structure consisting of a lithium niobate (LN) bar and an LN disk, on a nanoscale (~300 nm) thin-film platform, which is proposed for a highly efficient SHG. By breaking the structure symmetry, a Fano resonance with a high Q, up to 2350 and a strong optical field enhancement reaching forty-two folds is achieved, which yields a high conversion efficiency, up to 3.165 × 10-4. In addition to its strong second harmonic (SH) signal, we also demonstrate that by applying only 0.444 V on the planar electrode configurations of the nanostructured LN, the wavelength of SH can be tuned within a 1 nm range, while keeping its relatively high conversion efficiency. The proposed structure with the high nonlinear conversion efficiency can be potentially applied for a single-molecule fluorescence imaging, high-resolution nonlinear microscopy and active compact optical device.
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Grants
- 61705089, 61775084, 61705087, 61505069, 61475066, 61405075 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 2015A03036046, 2016TQ03X962, 2016A030310098, 2016A030311019 Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province
- J-GFZX0205010501.12, GFZX0205010501.24-J National Major Project of China
- 201607010134,201704030105, 201605030002, 201604040005 Science & Technology Project of Guangzhou
- 55560307 Rail Transit Healthy Operation Cooperative Innovation Center of Zhuhai
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijin Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, JinanUniversity, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Huihui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Hanqing Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, JinanUniversity, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Huajiang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, JinanUniversity, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Wentao Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, JinanUniversity, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Heyuan Guan
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Jiangli Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, JinanUniversity, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Wenguo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Jianhui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yunhan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, JinanUniversity, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Zhe Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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8
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Kardaś TM, Stepanenko Y, Radzewicz C. Noncollinear and nonlinear pulse propagation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14350. [PMID: 30254201 PMCID: PMC6156600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32676-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel method for numerical modelling of noncollinear and nonlinear interaction of femtosecond laser pulses is presented. The method relies on a separate treatment of each of the interacting pulses by it's own rotated unidirectional pulse propagation equation (UPPE). We show that our method enables accurate simulations of the interaction of pulses travelling at a mutual angle of up to 140°. The limit is imposed by the unidirectionality principal. Additionally, a novel tool facilitating the preparation of noncollinear propagation initial conditions - a 3D Fourier transform based rotation technique - is presented. The method is tested with several linear and nonlinear cases and, finally, four original results are presented: (i) interference of highly chirped pulses colliding at mutual angle of 120°, (ii) optical switching through cross-focusing of perpendicular beams (iii) a comparison between two fluorescence up-conversion processes in BBO with large angles between the input beams and (iv) a degenerate four-wave mixing experiment in a boxcar configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz M Kardaś
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Yuriy Stepanenko
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Czesław Radzewicz
- Department of Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
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9
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Zheltikov AM. Enhanced-contrast optical readout in ultrafast broadband Raman quantum memories. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13774. [PMID: 30213955 PMCID: PMC6137051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31226-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The signal-to-noise contrast of the optical readout in broadband Raman quantum memories is analyzed as a function of the pulse widths and phase properties of tailored optical field waveforms used to write in and read out broadband photon wave packets. Based on this analysis, we quantify the tradeoff between the readout contrast and the speed of such memories. Off-resonance coherent four-wave mixing is shown to provide a source of noise photons, lowering the readout contrast in broadband Raman quantum memories. This noise cannot be suppressed by phase matching, but can be radically reduced with a suitable polarization arrangement and proper field-waveform tailoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Zheltikov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843, Texas, USA.
- Physics Department, International Laser Center, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia.
- Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, Moscow Region, 143025, Russia.
- Kazan Quantum Center, A.N. Tupolev Kazan National Research Technical University, Kazan, 420126, Russia.
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10
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Donohue JM, Ansari V, Řeháček J, Hradil Z, Stoklasa B, Paúr M, Sánchez-Soto LL, Silberhorn C. Quantum-Limited Time-Frequency Estimation through Mode-Selective Photon Measurement. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:090501. [PMID: 30230876 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.090501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
By projecting onto complex optical mode profiles, it is possible to estimate arbitrarily small separations between objects with quantum-limited precision, free of uncertainty arising from overlapping intensity profiles. Here we extend these techniques to the time-frequency domain using mode-selective sum-frequency generation with shaped ultrafast pulses. We experimentally resolve temporal and spectral separations between incoherent mixtures of single-photon level signals ten times smaller than their optical bandwidths with a tenfold improvement in precision over the intensity-only Cramér-Rao bound.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Donohue
- Integrated Quantum Optics, Paderborn University, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - V Ansari
- Integrated Quantum Optics, Paderborn University, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - J Řeháček
- Department of Optics, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Z Hradil
- Department of Optics, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - B Stoklasa
- Department of Optics, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - M Paúr
- Department of Optics, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - L L Sánchez-Soto
- Departamento de Óptica, Facultad de Física, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Max-Planck-Institut für die Physik des Lichts, Staudtstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Silberhorn
- Integrated Quantum Optics, Paderborn University, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
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11
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Anderson MD, Tarrago Velez S, Seibold K, Flayac H, Savona V, Sangouard N, Galland C. Two-Color Pump-Probe Measurement of Photonic Quantum Correlations Mediated by a Single Phonon. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:233601. [PMID: 29932714 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.233601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We propose and demonstrate a versatile technique to measure the lifetime of the one-phonon Fock state using two-color pump-probe Raman scattering and spectrally resolved, time-correlated photon counting. Following pulsed laser excitation, the n=1 phonon Fock state is probabilistically prepared by projective measurement of a single Stokes photon. The detection of an anti-Stokes photon generated by a second, time-delayed laser pulse probes the phonon population with subpicosecond time resolution. We observe strongly nonclassical Stokes-anti-Stokes correlations, whose decay maps the single phonon dynamics. Our scheme can be applied to any Raman-active vibrational mode. It can be modified to measure the lifetime of n≥1 Fock states or the phonon quantum coherences through the preparation and detection of two-mode entangled vibrational states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell D Anderson
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Santiago Tarrago Velez
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kilian Seibold
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hugo Flayac
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincenzo Savona
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Sangouard
- Departement Physik, Universität Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Galland
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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12
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Polarization insensitive frequency conversion for an atom-photon entanglement distribution via a telecom network. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1997. [PMID: 29784998 PMCID: PMC5962590 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-lifetime quantum storages accessible to the telecom photonic infrastructure are essential to long-distance quantum communication. Atomic quantum storages have achieved subsecond storage time corresponding to 1000 km transmission time for a telecom photon through a quantum repeater algorithm. However, the telecom photon cannot be directly interfaced to typical atomic storages. Solid-state quantum frequency conversions fill this wavelength gap. Here we report on the experimental demonstration of a polarization-insensitive solid-state quantum frequency conversion to a telecom photon from a short-wavelength photon entangled with an atomic ensemble. Atom-photon entanglement has been generated with a Rb atomic ensemble and the photon has been translated to telecom range while retaining the entanglement by our nonlinear-crystal-based frequency converter in a Sagnac interferometer.
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13
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Guo Y, Dong D, Shu CC. Optimal and robust control of quantum state transfer by shaping the spectral phase of ultrafast laser pulses. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:9498-9506. [PMID: 29569663 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00512e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Achieving fast and efficient quantum state transfer is a fundamental task in physics, chemistry and quantum information science. However, the successful implementation of the perfect quantum state transfer also requires robustness under practically inevitable perturbative defects. Here, we demonstrate how an optimal and robust quantum state transfer can be achieved by shaping the spectral phase of an ultrafast laser pulse in the framework of frequency domain quantum optimal control theory. Our numerical simulations of the single dibenzoterrylene molecule as well as in atomic rubidium show that optimal and robust quantum state transfer via spectral phase modulated laser pulses can be achieved by incorporating a filtering function of the frequency into the optimization algorithm, which in turn has potential applications for ultrafast robust control of photochemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Guo
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China and School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2600, Australia and Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control (Hunan Normal University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Daoyi Dong
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2600, Australia
| | - Chuan-Cun Shu
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2600, Australia and Institute of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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14
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Ansari V, Roccia E, Santandrea M, Doostdar M, Eigner C, Padberg L, Gianani I, Sbroscia M, Donohue JM, Mancino L, Barbieri M, Silberhorn C. Heralded generation of high-purity ultrashort single photons in programmable temporal shapes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:2764-2774. [PMID: 29401812 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.002764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate a source of nearly pure single photons in arbitrary temporal shapes heralded from a parametric down-conversion (PDC) source at telecom wavelengths. The technology is enabled by the tailored dispersion of in-house fabricated waveguides with shaped pump pulses to directly generate the PDC photons in on-demand temporal shapes. We generate PDC photons in Hermite-Gauss and frequency-binned modes and confirm a minimum purity of 0.81, even for complex temporal shapes.
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15
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Finkelstein R, Poem E, Michel O, Lahad O, Firstenberg O. Fast, noise-free memory for photon synchronization at room temperature. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaap8598. [PMID: 29349302 PMCID: PMC5771694 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aap8598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Future quantum photonic networks require coherent optical memories for synchronizing quantum sources and gates of probabilistic nature. We demonstrate a fast ladder memory (FLAME) mapping the optical field onto the superposition between electronic orbitals of rubidium vapor. Using a ladder-level system of orbital transitions with nearly degenerate frequencies simultaneously enables high bandwidth, low noise, and long memory lifetime. We store and retrieve 1.7-ns-long pulses, containing 0.5 photons on average, and observe short-time external efficiency of 25%, memory lifetime (1/e) of 86 ns, and below 10-4 added noise photons. Consequently, coupling this memory to a probabilistic source would enhance the on-demand photon generation probability by a factor of 12, the highest number yet reported for a noise-free, room temperature memory. This paves the way toward the controlled production of large quantum states of light from probabilistic photon sources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ohad Michel
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ohr Lahad
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ofer Firstenberg
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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16
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Cotrufo M, Fiore A, Verhagen E. Coherent Atom-Phonon Interaction through Mode Field Coupling in Hybrid Optomechanical Systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:133603. [PMID: 28409944 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.133603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We propose a novel type of optomechanical coupling which enables a tripartite interaction between a quantum emitter, an optical mode, and a macroscopic mechanical oscillator. The interaction uses a mechanism we term mode field coupling: a mechanical displacement modifies the spatial distribution of the optical mode field, which, in turn, modulates the emitter-photon coupling rate. In properly designed multimode optomechanical systems, we can achieve situations in which mode field coupling is the only possible interaction pathway for the system. This enables, for example, swapping of a single excitation between emitter and phonon, creation of nonclassical states of motion, and mechanical ground-state cooling in the bad-cavity regime. Importantly, the emitter-phonon coupling rate can be enhanced through an optical drive field, allowing active control of the emitter-phonon coupling for realistic experimental parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Cotrufo
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Fiore
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ewold Verhagen
- Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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17
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Li Y, Xiang T, Nie Y, Sang M, Chen X. Spectral compression of single-photon-level laser pulse. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43494. [PMID: 28240245 PMCID: PMC5327491 DOI: 10.1038/srep43494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate that the bandwidth of single photons laser pulse is compressed by a factor of 58 in a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide chip. A positively chirped single photons laser pulse and a negatively chirped classical laser pulse are employed to produce a narrowband single photon pulse with new frequency through sum-frequency generation. In our experiment, the frequency and bandwidth of single photons at 1550 nm are simultaneously converted. Our results mark a critical step towards the realization of coherent photonic interface between quantum communication at 1550 nm and quantum memory in the near-visible window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Key Laboratory for Laser plasma (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tong Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Key Laboratory for Laser plasma (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yiyou Nie
- Department of Physics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Minghuang Sang
- Department of Physics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Xianfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Key Laboratory for Laser plasma (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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18
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Highly efficient frequency conversion with bandwidth compression of quantum light. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14288. [PMID: 28134242 PMCID: PMC5290268 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid quantum networks rely on efficient interfacing of dissimilar quantum nodes, as elements based on parametric downconversion sources, quantum dots, colour centres or atoms are fundamentally different in their frequencies and bandwidths. Although pulse manipulation has been demonstrated in very different systems, to date no interface exists that provides both an efficient bandwidth compression and a substantial frequency translation at the same time. Here we demonstrate an engineered sum-frequency-conversion process in lithium niobate that achieves both goals. We convert pure photons at telecom wavelengths to the visible range while compressing the bandwidth by a factor of 7.47 under preservation of non-classical photon-number statistics. We achieve internal conversion efficiencies of 61.5%, significantly outperforming spectral filtering for bandwidth compression. Our system thus makes the connection between previously incompatible quantum systems as a step towards usable quantum networks. In quantum information technology the output of one element often does not match the required frequency and bandwidth of the input of the next element. Here, Allgaier et al. demonstrate simultaneous frequency and bandwidth conversion of single photons without changing their quantum statistics.
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19
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Donohue JM, Mastrovich M, Resch KJ. Spectrally Engineering Photonic Entanglement with a Time Lens. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:243602. [PMID: 28009176 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.243602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A time lens, which can be used to reshape the spectral and temporal properties of light, requires the ultrafast manipulation of optical signals and presents a significant challenge for single-photon application. In this work, we construct a time lens based on dispersion and sum-frequency generation to spectrally engineer single photons from an entangled pair. The strong frequency anticorrelations between photons produced from spontaneous parametric down-conversion are converted to positive correlations after the time lens, consistent with a negative-magnification system. The temporal imaging of single photons enables new techniques for time-frequency quantum state engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Donohue
- Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
| | - M Mastrovich
- Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
- Department of Physics, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California 91711, USA
| | - K J Resch
- Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
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20
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Bustard PJ, England DG, Heshami K, Kupchak C, Sussman BJ. Reducing noise in a Raman quantum memory. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:5055-5058. [PMID: 27805684 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.005055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Optical quantum memories are an important component of future optical and hybrid quantum technologies. Raman schemes are strong candidates for use with ultrashort optical pulses due to their broad bandwidth; however, the elimination of deleterious four-wave mixing noise from Raman memories is critical for practical applications. Here, we demonstrate a quantum memory using the rotational states of hydrogen molecules at room temperature. Polarization selection rules prohibit four-wave mixing, allowing the storage and retrieval of attenuated coherent states with a mean photon number 0.9 and a pulse duration 175 fs. The 1/e memory lifetime is 85.5 ps, demonstrating a time-bandwidth product of ≈480 in a memory that is well suited for use with broadband heralded down-conversion and fiber-based photon sources.
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21
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Hou PY, Huang YY, Yuan XX, Chang XY, Zu C, He L, Duan LM. Quantum teleportation from light beams to vibrational states of a macroscopic diamond. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11736. [PMID: 27240553 PMCID: PMC4895058 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
With the recent development of optomechanics, the vibration in solids, involving collective motion of trillions of atoms, gradually enters into the realm of quantum control. Here, building on the recent remarkable progress in optical control of motional states of diamonds, we report an experimental demonstration of quantum teleportation from light beams to vibrational states of a macroscopic diamond under ambient conditions. Through quantum process tomography, we demonstrate average teleportation fidelity (90.6±1.0)%, clearly exceeding the classical limit of 2/3. The experiment pushes the target of quantum teleportation to the biggest object so far, with interesting implications for optomechanical quantum control and quantum information science.
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Affiliation(s)
- P.-Y. Hou
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y.-Y. Huang
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - X.-X. Yuan
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - X.-Y. Chang
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C. Zu
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - L. He
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - L.-M. Duan
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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