1
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Verhage M, Bampoulis P, Preuss MD, Filot I, Joosten RRM, Friedrich H, Meijer EW, Flipse K. Chirality-Induced Magnetic Polarization by Charge Localization in a Chiral Supramolecular Crystal. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2403807. [PMID: 39139010 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
The chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect is a fascinating phenomenon that correlates the molecular structure with electron spin-polarization (SP). Experimental procedures to quantify the spin-filtering magnitude have extensively used magnetic-field-dependent conductive AFM. In this work chiral crystals of imide-substituted coronene bisimide ((S)-CBI-GCH) are studied to explain the dynamics of the current-voltage I - V spectra and the origin of superimposed peaks are investigated. A dynamic voltage-sweep rate-dependent phenomenon can give rise to complex I - V curves. The redox group, capable of localization of charge, acts as a localized state that interferes with the continuum of the π - π stacking, giving rise to Fano resonances. A novel mechanism for dynamic transport is introduced, which provides insight into the origin of spin-polarized charge in crystallized CBI-GCH molecules after absorption on a metallic substrate, guided by transient charge polarization. Crucially, interference between charge localization and delocalization during transport may be important properties in understanding the magnetochiral phenomena observed by electrostatic force microscopy. Finally, it is observed that charge trapping sensitively modifies the injection barrier from direct tunneling to Fowler-Nordheim tunneling transport supporting nonlinearity in CISS for this class of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Verhage
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems - Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Pantelis Bampoulis
- MESA+ Institute, Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - Marco D Preuss
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo Filot
- Inorganic Materials & Catalysis - Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Rick R M Joosten
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Center for Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Heiner Friedrich
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Center for Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - E W Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Kees Flipse
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems - Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
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2
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Ye Z, Wang N, Zhou J, Ouyang D. Organic crystal structure prediction via coupled generative adversarial networks and graph convolutional networks. Innovation (N Y) 2024; 5:100562. [PMID: 38379785 PMCID: PMC10878116 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic crystal structures exert a profound impact on the physicochemical properties and biological effects of organic compounds. Quantum mechanics (QM)-based crystal structure predictions (CSPs) have somewhat alleviated the dilemma that experimental crystal structure investigations struggle to conduct complete polymorphism studies, but the high computing cost poses a challenge to its widespread application. The present study aims to construct DeepCSP, a feasible pure machine learning framework for minute-scale rapid organic CSP. Initially, based on 177,746 data entries from the Cambridge Crystal Structure Database, a generative adversarial network was built to conditionally generate trial crystal structures under selected feature constraints for the given molecule. Simultaneously, a graph convolutional attention network was used to predict the density of stable crystal structures for the input molecule. Subsequently, the distances between the predicted density and the definition-based calculated density would be considered to be the crystal structure screening and ranking basis, and finally, the density-based crystal structure ranking would be output. Two such distinct algorithms, performing the generation and ranking functionalities, respectively, collectively constitute the DeepCSP, which has demonstrated compelling performance in marketed drug validations, achieving an accuracy rate exceeding 80% and a hit rate surpassing 85%. Inspiringly, the computing speed of the pure machine learning methodology demonstrates the potential of artificial intelligence in advancing CSP research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuyifan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao 999078, China
| | - Nannan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jiantao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Department of Computer and Information Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Defang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
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3
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Bayse CA. Stack bonding in polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37466927 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02553e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Parallel displacement of π-stacked component molecules enhances the efficiency of organic semiconductors by maximizing interpenetration of the π-densities. Dimers of symmetric polyaromatic hydrocarbons coronene, hexabenzo[bc,de,gh,kl,no,qr]coronene, circumcoronene, kekulene, and circumcircumcoronene are examined using density functional theory from the stack bonding perspective which considers π-stacking interactions in terms of contributions of monomer π-orbital overlap to the character of dimer orbitals. Energetically favored parallel displaced and/or twisted dimer conformations are consistent with patterns of mixing of the monomer molecular orbitals (MOs) that maximize interpenetration of the π densities. The multiple minima found along parallel displacement (PD) coordinates coincide with the formation of dimer MOs formally antibonding between the monomers at the sandwich conformation to bonding at the PD minima. Minima identified with favorable stack bonding are consistent with polymorphs found in large polyaromatic hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig A Bayse
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA.
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4
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Ningthoujam A, Shimray SA, Singh KDK, Chipem FA. A Theoretical Exploration of Different π-π Stacking Dimers of Coronenes and its Substituted Analogues. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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5
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Saha BK, Nath NK, Thakuria R. Polymorphs with Remarkably Distinct Physical and/or Chemical Properties. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202200173. [PMID: 36166697 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphism in crystals is known since 1822 and the credit goes to Mitscherlich who realized the existence of different crystal structures of the same compound while working with some arsenate and phosphate salts. Later on, this phenomenon was observed also in organic crystals. With the advent of different technologies, especially the easy availability of single crystal XRD instruments, polymorphism in crystals has become a common phenomenon. Almost 37 % of compounds (single component) are polymorphic to date. As the energies of the different polymorphic forms are very close to each other, small changes in crystallization conditions might lead to different polymorphic structures. As a result, sometimes it is difficult to control polymorphism. For this reason, it is considered to be a nuisance to crystal engineering. It has been realized that the property of a material depends not only on the molecular structure but also on its crystal structure. Therefore, it is not only of interest to academia but also has widespread applications in the materials science as well as pharmaceutical industries. In this review, we have discussed polymorphism which causes significant changes in materials properties in different fields of solid-state science, such as electrical, magnetic, SHG, thermal expansion, mechanical, luminescence, color, and pharmaceutical. Therefore, this review will interest researchers from supramolecular chemistry, materials science as well as medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binoy K Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Naba K Nath
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong, Meghalaya 793003, India
| | - Ranjit Thakuria
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Guwahati, 781014, India
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6
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Zhao Y, Hou B, Liu C, Ji X, Huang Y, Sui J, Liu D, Wang N, Hao H. Mechanistic Study on the Effect of Magnetic Field on the Crystallization of Organic Small Molecules. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Baohong Hou
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chunhao Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiongtao Ji
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yunhai Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jingchen Sui
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Hebei Meibang Engineering & Technology Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Na Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hongxun Hao
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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7
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Chen Y, Chang Z, Zhang J, Gong J. Bending for Better: Flexible Organic Single Crystals with Controllable Curvature and Curvature-Related Conductivity for Customized Electronic Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22424-22431. [PMID: 34375037 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Electronic microdevices of self-bending coronene crystals are developed to reveal an unexplored link between mechanical deformation and crystal function. First, a facile approach towards length/width/curvature-controllable micro-crystals through bottom-up solution crystallization was proposed for high processability and stability. The bending crystal devices show a significant increase beyond seven orders of magnitude in conductivity than the straight ones, providing the first example of deformation-induced function enhancement in crystal materials. Besides, double effects caused by bending, including the change of π electron level as well as the enhancement of carrier mobility, were determined, respectively by the X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography to coexist, contributing to the conductivity improvement. Our findings will promote future creation of flexible organic crystal systems with deformation-enhanced functional features towards customized smart devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zewei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Junbo Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China
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8
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Chen Y, Chang Z, Zhang J, Gong J. Bending for Better: Flexible Organic Single Crystals with Controllable Curvature and Curvature‐Related Conductivity for Customized Electronic Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yifu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zewei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Junbo Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
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9
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Fowles DJ, Palmer DS, Guo R, Price SL, Mitchell JBO. Toward Physics-Based Solubility Computation for Pharmaceuticals to Rival Informatics. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:3700-3709. [PMID: 33988381 PMCID: PMC8190954 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
![]()
We demonstrate that
physics-based calculations of intrinsic aqueous
solubility can rival cheminformatics-based machine learning predictions.
A proof-of-concept was developed for a physics-based approach via
a sublimation thermodynamic cycle, building upon previous work that
relied upon several thermodynamic approximations, notably the 2RT approximation, and limited conformational sampling. Here,
we apply improvements to our sublimation free-energy model with the
use of crystal phonon mode calculations to capture the contributions
of the vibrational modes of the crystal. Including these improvements
with lattice energies computed using the model-potential-based Ψmol method leads to accurate estimates of sublimation free
energy. Combining these with hydration free energies obtained from
either molecular dynamics free-energy perturbation simulations or
density functional theory calculations, solubilities comparable to
both experiment and informatics predictions are obtained. The application
to coronene, succinic acid, and the pharmaceutical desloratadine shows
how the methods must be adapted for the adoption of different conformations
in different phases. The approach has the flexibility to extend to
applications that cannot be covered by informatics methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Fowles
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, Scotland G1 1XL, U.K
| | - David S Palmer
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, Scotland G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Sarah L Price
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - John B O Mitchell
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland KY16 9ST, U.K
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10
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Takazawa K, Inoue JI, Mitsuishi K, Yoshida Y, Kishida H, Tinnemans P, Engelkamp H, Christianen PCM. Phase-transition-induced jumping, bending, and wriggling of single crystal nanofibers of coronene. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3175. [PMID: 33542387 PMCID: PMC7862269 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, it has been reported that some organic crystals suddenly crack, break, or jump when they are heated from room temperature. Recently, such crystals have been intensively studied both in fundamental science and for high-speed mechanical device applications. According to these studies, the sudden crystal motions have been attributed to structural phase transitions induced by heating. Stress created by the phase transition is released through the sudden and rapid motion of the crystals. Here we report that single crystal nanofibers of coronene exhibit a new type of ultrafast motion when they are cooled from room temperature and subsequently heated to room temperature. The nanofibers make centimeter-scale jumps accompanied by surprisingly unique behaviors such as sharp bending and wriggling. We found that the motions are caused by a significantly fast structural phase transition between two polymorphs of coronene. A theoretical investigation revealed that the sudden force generated by the phase transition together with the nanoscale dimensions and elastic properties create dynamical instability in the nanofibers that results in the motions. Our finding demonstrates the novel mechanism that leads to ultrafast, large deformation of organic crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Takazawa
- Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0003, Japan.
| | - Jun-Ichi Inoue
- MANA, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Mitsuishi
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Yoshida
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.,Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, 468-8502, Japan
| | - Hideo Kishida
- Department of Applied Physics, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Paul Tinnemans
- Department of Solid State Chemistry, Radboud University, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Engelkamp
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML-EMFL), Radboud University, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C M Christianen
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML-EMFL), Radboud University, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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11
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Taylor CR, Mulvee MT, Perenyi DS, Probert MR, Day GM, Steed JW. Minimizing Polymorphic Risk through Cooperative Computational and Experimental Exploration. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16668-16680. [PMID: 32897065 PMCID: PMC7586337 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We
combine state-of-the-art computational crystal structure prediction
(CSP) techniques with a wide range of experimental crystallization
methods to understand and explore crystal structure in pharmaceuticals
and minimize the risk of unanticipated late-appearing polymorphs.
Initially, we demonstrate the power of CSP to rationalize the difficulty
in obtaining polymorphs of the well-known pharmaceutical isoniazid
and show that CSP provides the structure of the recently obtained,
but unsolved, Form III of this drug despite there being only a single
resolved form for almost 70 years. More dramatically, our blind CSP
study predicts a significant risk of polymorphism for the related
iproniazid. Employing a wide variety of experimental techniques, including
high-pressure experiments, we experimentally obtained the first three
known nonsolvated crystal forms of iproniazid, all of which were successfully
predicted in the CSP procedure. We demonstrate the power of CSP methods
and free energy calculations to rationalize the observed elusiveness
of the third form of iproniazid, the success of high-pressure experiments
in obtaining it, and the ability of our synergistic computational-experimental
approach to “de-risk” solid form landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Taylor
- Computational Systems Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1NX, U.K
| | - Matthew T Mulvee
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Domonkos S Perenyi
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Michael R Probert
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Graeme M Day
- Computational Systems Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1NX, U.K
| | - Jonathan W Steed
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
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12
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Fedorov IA. Elastic properties of the molecular crystals of hydrocarbons from first principles calculations. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:085704. [PMID: 31698348 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab554e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
I studied the elastic properties of oligoacenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons crystals within the framework of density functional theory with van der Waals interactions. The full sets of elastic constants were computed. The computed parameters have good agreement with experimental data. The study of four forms (α, β, γ and dimeric) demonstrate that the stacking of molecules leads to different character of interaction between molecules. Crystals with dimeric form have lower anisotropy. If symmetry of crystals is the same, the increase in number of aromatic rings results in anisotropy increase.
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13
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Guo R, Uddin MN, Price LS, Price SL. Calculation of Diamagnetic Susceptibility Tensors of Organic Crystals: From Coronene to Pharmaceutical Polymorphs. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:1409-1420. [PMID: 31951408 PMCID: PMC7145345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Understanding
why crystallization in strong magnetic fields can
lead to new polymorphs requires methods to calculate the diamagnetic
response of organic molecular crystals. We develop the calculation
of the macroscopic diamagnetic susceptibility tensor, χcryst, for organic molecular crystals using periodic density
functional methods. The crystal magnetic susceptibility tensor, χcryst, for all experimentally known polymorphs,
and its molecular counterpart, χmol,
are calculated for flexible pharmaceuticals such as carbamazepine,
flufenamic acid, and chalcones, and rigid molecules, such as benzene,
pyridine, acridine, anthracene, and coronene, whose molecular magnetic
properties have been traditionally studied. A tensor addition method
is developed to approximate the crystal diamagnetic susceptibility
tensor, χcryst, from the molecular one, χmol, giving good agreement with those calculated
directly using the more costly periodic density functional method
for χcryst. The response of pharmaceutical
molecules and crystals to magnetic fields, as embodied by χcryst, is largely determined by the packing in the crystal,
as well as the molecular conformation. The anisotropy of χcryst can vary considerably between polymorphs though
the isotropic terms are fairly constant. The implications for developing
a computational method for predicting whether crystallization in a
magnetic field could produce a novel or different polymorph are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon Street , London WC1H 0AJ , U.K
| | - M Nadia Uddin
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon Street , London WC1H 0AJ , U.K
| | - Louise S Price
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon Street , London WC1H 0AJ , U.K
| | - Sarah L Price
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon Street , London WC1H 0AJ , U.K
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14
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Pigulski B, Ximenis M, Shoyama K, Würthner F. Synthesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by palladium-catalysed [3 + 3] annulation. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00968g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A new [3 + 3] annulation method for the synthesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from two smaller aromatic fragments is reported. Packing structures for four products were obtained and relation to that of parent perylene was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Ximenis
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Kazutaka Shoyama
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)
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15
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Choi HH, Yi HT, Tsurumi J, Kim JJ, Briseno AL, Watanabe S, Takeya J, Cho K, Podzorov V. A Large Anisotropic Enhancement of the Charge Carrier Mobility of Flexible Organic Transistors with Strain: A Hall Effect and Raman Study. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1901824. [PMID: 31921560 PMCID: PMC6947506 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing the intrinsic mobility-strain relationship in semiconductors is critical for enabling strain engineering applications in high-performance flexible electronics. Here, measurements of Hall effect and Raman spectra of an organic semiconductor as a function of uniaxial mechanical strain are reported. This study reveals a very strong, anisotropic, and reversible modulation of the intrinsic (trap-free) charge carrier mobility of single-crystal rubrene transistors with strain, showing that the effective mobility of organic circuits can be enhanced by up to 100% with only 1% of compressive strain. Consistently, Raman spectroscopy reveals a systematic shift of the low-frequency Raman modes of rubrene to higher (lower) frequencies with compressive (tensile) strain, which is indicative of a reduction (enhancement) of thermal molecular disorder in the crystal with strain. This study lays the foundation of the strain engineering in organic electronics and advances the knowledge of the relationship between the carrier mobility, low-frequency vibrational modes, strain, and molecular disorder in organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ho Choi
- Department of PhysicsRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJ08854USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research InstituteGyeongsang National UniversityJinju52828Korea
| | - Hee Taek Yi
- Department of PhysicsRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJ08854USA
| | - Junto Tsurumi
- International Center of Materials NanoarchitectonicsNational Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)1‐1 NamikiTsukuba305‐0044Japan
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials ScienceGraduate School of Frontier SciencesThe University of Tokyo5‐1‐5 KashiwanohaKashiwaChiba277‐8561Japan
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)The University of Tokyo Advanced Operando‐Measurement Technology Open Innovation Laboratory (OPERANDO‐OIL)AIST, 5‐1‐5 KashiwanohaKashiwaChiba277‐8561Japan
| | - Jae Joon Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMA01003USA
| | - Alejandro L. Briseno
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMA01003USA
- Present address:
Department of ChemistryThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16803USA
| | - Shun Watanabe
- International Center of Materials NanoarchitectonicsNational Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)1‐1 NamikiTsukuba305‐0044Japan
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials ScienceGraduate School of Frontier SciencesThe University of Tokyo5‐1‐5 KashiwanohaKashiwaChiba277‐8561Japan
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)The University of Tokyo Advanced Operando‐Measurement Technology Open Innovation Laboratory (OPERANDO‐OIL)AIST, 5‐1‐5 KashiwanohaKashiwaChiba277‐8561Japan
| | - Jun Takeya
- International Center of Materials NanoarchitectonicsNational Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)1‐1 NamikiTsukuba305‐0044Japan
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials ScienceGraduate School of Frontier SciencesThe University of Tokyo5‐1‐5 KashiwanohaKashiwaChiba277‐8561Japan
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)The University of Tokyo Advanced Operando‐Measurement Technology Open Innovation Laboratory (OPERANDO‐OIL)AIST, 5‐1‐5 KashiwanohaKashiwaChiba277‐8561Japan
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Center for Advanced Soft Electronics and Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
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Jensen TT, Hall CL, Potticary J, Andrusenko I, Gemmi M, Hall SR. An experimental and computational study into the crystallisation propensity of 2nd generation sulflower. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:14586-14589. [PMID: 31750483 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08346d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The crystallisation propensity of the newly synthesised molecule persulfurated coronene has been investigated through a number of experimental methods. Electrostatic potential calculations and multi-molecular optimisations show that face-face interactions are far more favorable than edge-face interactions, severely restricting the ability of the molecule to crystallise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten T Jensen
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
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17
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Du W, Bai L, Gong Y, Zhang L, Xiang J, Wang S, Tang N, Zhu L, Yin Q. Molecular Self-assembly in Solution and the Nucleation Pathway: the Case of p-Nitrobenzoic Acid. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Du
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longjing Bai
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Gong
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Xiang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songbo Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Tang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuxiang Yin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
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18
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19
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Exploring New Crystal Structures of Glycine via Electric Field-Induced Structural Transformations with Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7050268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Being able to control polymorphism of a crystal is of great importance to many industries, including the pharmaceutical industry, since the crystal’s structure determines significant physical properties of a material. While there are many conventional methods used to control the final crystal structure that comes out of a crystallization unit, these methods fail to go beyond a few known structures that are kinetically accessible. Recent studies have shown that externally applied fields have the potential to effectively control polymorphism and to extend the set of observable polymorphs that are not accessible through conventional methods. This computational study focuses on the application of high-intensity dc electric fields (e-fields) to induce solid-state transformation of glycine crystals to obtain new polymorphs that have not been observed via experiments. Through molecular dynamics simulations of solid-state α -, β -, and γ -glycine crystals, it has been shown that the new polymorphs sustain their structures within 125 ns after the electric field has been turned off. It was also demonstrated that strength and direction of the electric field and the initial structure of the crystal are parameters that affect the resulting polymorph. Our results showed that application of high-intensity dc electric fields on solid-state crystals can be an effective crystal structure control method for the exploration of new crystal structures of known materials and to extend the range of physical properties a material can have.
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20
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Vráblová A, Černák J, Falvello LR, Tomás M. Polymorphism of the dinuclear Co III-Schiff base complex [Co 2(o-van-en) 3]·4CH 3CN (o-van-en is a salen-type ligand). Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2019; 75:433-442. [PMID: 30957789 PMCID: PMC6452776 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229619003115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactions of Co(OH)2 with the Schiff base bis(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)ethylenediamine, denoted H2(o-van-en), under different conditions yielded the previously reported complex aqua[bis(3-methoxy-2-oxidobenzylidene)ethylenediamine]cobalt(II), [Co(C18H18N2O4)(H2O)], 1, under anaerobic conditions and two polymorphs of [μ-bis(3-methoxy-2-oxidobenzylidene)ethylenediamine]bis{[bis(3-methoxy-2-oxidobenzylidene)ethylenediamine]cobalt(III)} acetonitrile tetrasolvate, [Co2(C18H18N2O4)3]·4CH3CN, i.e. monoclinic 2 and triclinic 3, in the presence of air. Both novel polymorphs were chemically and spectroscopically characterized. Their crystal structures are built up of centrosymmetric dinuclear [Co2(o-van-en)3] complex molecules, in which each CoIII atom is coordinated by one tetradentate dianionic o-van-en ligand in an uncommon bent fashion. The pseudo-octahedral coordination of the CoIII atom is completed by one phenolate O and one amidic N atom of the same arm of the bridging o-van-en ligand. In addition, the asymmetric units of both polymorphs contain two acetonitrile solvent molecules. The polymorphs differ in the packing orders of the dinuclear [Co2(o-van-en)3] complex molecules, i.e. alternating ABABAB in 2 and AAA in 3. In addition, differences in the conformations, the positions of the acetonitrile solvent molecules and the pattern of intermolecular interactions were observed. Hirshfeld surface analysis permits a qualitative inspection of the differences in the intermolecular space in the two polymorphs. A knowledge-based study employing Full Interaction Maps was used to elucidate possible reasons for the polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vráblová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, Košice, SK-04154, Slovakia
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza, E-50009, Spain
| | - Juraj Černák
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, Košice, SK-04154, Slovakia
| | - Larry R. Falvello
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza, E-50009, Spain
- Aragón Materials Science Institute (ICMA), University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza, E-50009, Spain
| | - Milagros Tomás
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza, E-50009, Spain
- Institute of Chemical Synthesis and Homogeneous Catalysis (ISQCH), University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza, E-50009, Spain
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21
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Benincori T, Arnaboldi S, Magni M, Grecchi S, Cirilli R, Fontanesi C, Mussini PR. Highlighting spin selectivity properties of chiral electrode surfaces from redox potential modulation of an achiral probe under an applied magnetic field. Chem Sci 2019; 10:2750-2757. [PMID: 30996993 PMCID: PMC6419932 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04126a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Impressive spin-related effects are observed in cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments performed under an applied magnetic field on a non-ferromagnetic electrode modified with a thin electroactive oligothiophene film, either "inherently chiral" or featuring chiral pendants with stereogenic centres. When flipping the magnet's north/south orientation, the CV peaks of two achiral, chemically reversible Fe(iii)/Fe(ii) redox couples in aqueous or organic solution undergo impressive potential shifts (up to nearly 0.5 V depending on protocol conditions), specularly by changing the film's (R)- or (S)-configuration. The magnitude of the potential shift decreases upon increasing both the polymer film thickness and the distance between the permanent magnet and the electrode surface. Such unprecedented spin-related redox potential modulation, obtained in the absence of a magnetic electrode acting as a spin injector, provides striking evidence (as well as an attractive evaluation criterion) of the spin selectivity properties of chiral thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Benincori
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia , Università degli Studi dell'Insubria , Via Valleggio 11 , 22100 , Como , Italy
| | - Serena Arnaboldi
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università degli Studi di Milano , via Golgi 19 , 20133 Milano , Italy . ; ;
| | - Mirko Magni
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università degli Studi di Milano , via Golgi 19 , 20133 Milano , Italy . ; ;
| | - Sara Grecchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università degli Studi di Milano , via Golgi 19 , 20133 Milano , Italy . ; ;
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Centro Nazionale per il Controllo e la Valutazione dei Farmaci , Viale Regina Elena 299 , 00161 , Roma , Italy
| | - Claudio Fontanesi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria "Enzo Ferrari" , Università degli Studi di Modena , Via Vivarelli 10 , 41125 , Modena , Italy .
| | - Patrizia Romana Mussini
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università degli Studi di Milano , via Golgi 19 , 20133 Milano , Italy . ; ;
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22
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Fedorov IA. Pressure effect on the band structure and topological properties of the electron density of pyrene: First-principles calculations. Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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23
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Rewriting the phase diagram of a diamagnetic liquid crystal by a magnetic field. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4431. [PMID: 30361534 PMCID: PMC6202376 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06976-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic fields have been considered to only interact with organic materials non-destructively, leaving their fundamental structures unaffected, even when a strong magnetic field generated from a superconducting magnet is applied. Here we report an unprecedented observation that a liquid-crystalline mesophase of a diamagnetic molecular assembly with an orthorhombic or a cubic structure is formed selectively in the absence or presence of a strong magnetic field. The constituent molecule is a triphenylene derivative carrying six imidazolium bromide-terminated alkyl side chains and exhibits a cubic, orthorhombic, or hexagonal columnar mesophase when complexed with an appropriate amount of lanthanum(III) bromide. Thermal processing of the La3+-containing liquid-crystalline assembly in the presence of a 10-tesla magnetic field resulted in a phase diagram, in which the orthorhombic phase is completely replaced with the cubic phase. The discovery of this magneto-induced phase-selection offers an insight into the interactions between magnetic fields and organic material. Magnetically induced phase behaviour in a soft matter system is of potential interest for magneto-responsive compounds. Here the authors fabricate a discotic ionic liquid crystalline hybrid material which can be switched from orthorhombic to cubic phase in the absence or presence of a strong magnetic field.
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24
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Local aromaticity of linear cata-benzocoronenes and acenes: density functional study. ACTA CHIMICA SLOVACA 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/acs-2018-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
A computational study using density functional theory is reported for the coronene monomer and selected linear cata-benzocoronene oligomers. Local aromaticity was discussed and analysed using the theoretical Harmonic Oscillator Model of the Electron Delocalisation (HOMED) index and its geometric (GEO) and energetic (EN) contributions. The [n]acenes (n = 3, 7, 11 and 15) served as reference molecules. Local aromaticity of individual superbenzene rings has oscillating character. On the other hand, the highest HOMED parameters which are practically independent on the molecular lengths were found for the smallest molecules including condensed benzene rings in their structure. For the largest structure of [n]acenes (n = 15), the inner rings are less aromatic than the outer ones. Depending on the molecular length, the energy gaps between the B3LYP energy levels of the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals vary from 2.71 eV to 4.04 eV for coronene series and from 0.61 eV to 3.59 eV for [n]acenes.
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25
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Bhat V, Gopan G, Nair NG, Hariharan M. γ-Herringbone Polymorph of 6,13-Bis(trimethylsilylethynyl)pentacene: A Potential Material for Enhanced Hole Mobility. Chemistry 2018; 24:8679-8685. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Bhat
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); Maruthamala P. O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Gopika Gopan
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); Maruthamala P. O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Nanditha G. Nair
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); Maruthamala P. O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); Maruthamala P. O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
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26
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The effect of radial and angular profiles of twisted laser beam on Coronene molecule located off the optical axis. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Goulart M, Kuhn M, Rasul B, Postler J, Gatchell M, Zettergren H, Scheier P, Echt O. The structure of coronene cluster ions inferred from H 2 uptake in the gas phase. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:27968-27973. [PMID: 29022968 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04999d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectra of helium nanodroplets doped with H2 and coronene feature anomalies in the ion abundance that reveal anomalies in the energetics of adsorption sites. The coronene monomer ion strongly adsorbs up to n = 38 H2 molecules indicating a commensurate solvation shell that preserves the D6h symmetry of the substrate. No such feature is seen in the abundance of the coronene dimer through tetramer complexed with H2; this observation rules out a vertical columnar structure. Instead we see evidence for a columnar structure in which adjacent coronenes are displaced in parallel, forming terraces that offer additional strong adsorption sites. The experimental value for the number of adsorption sites per terrace, approximately six, barely depends on the number of coronene molecules. The displacement estimated from this number exceeds the value reported in several theoretical studies of the bare, neutral coronene dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Goulart
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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28
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Xu C, Que Y, Zhuang Y, Lin Z, Wu X, Wang K, Xiao X. Growth Behavior of Pristine and Potassium Doped Coronene Thin Films on Substrates with Tuned Coupling Strength. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:601-611. [PMID: 28862462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b05140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The growth of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecular coronene film on various substrates and the subsequent doping of potassium under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions have been systematically investigated by low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS). The crystalline structures and molecular orientations of coronene thin films are both thickness-dependent and substrate-sensitive due to the competition between molecule-substrate interaction and intermolecular interaction. In mono- or bilayer films, coronene molecules are flat-lying on the surface with hexagonal lattice, whereas in multilayer films, the topmost molecules are in a standing-up but tilted configuration with rectangular lattice. In particular, a 2 × 1 superstructure with respect to that of bulk coronene is formed on thick KCl film. Furthermore, we have studied the potassium doped coronene monolayer and multilayer on Ag(100) and KCl/Ag(100) surface. For K-doped coronene monolayer, at certain doping ratio x = 3, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of coronene film moves to the Fermi level, and a splitting of the LUMO state is observed. Increased potassium doping would result in a filled LUMO state below the Fermi level. By contrast, no well-ordered structures are obtained in the K-doped coronene multilayers which are vulnerable to rather moderate annealing processes owing to their relatively weak bonding with the supporting substrates, implying a big challenge of growth of PAH thick films in vacuum. The differences in the crystal structures of coronene thin films compared with that in bulk crystals might shed insight on the controversies in the experimental results on the electronic properties of alkali-metal-doped PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqiang Xu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, Hong Kong China
| | - Yande Que
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, Hong Kong China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, Hong Kong China
| | - Zhijun Lin
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, Hong Kong China
| | - Xuefeng Wu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, Hong Kong China.,Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Kedong Wang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Xiao
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, Hong Kong China
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Luo YH, Chen C, Wang JW, He XT, Hong DL, An PJ, Wu HS, Sun BW. Confinement of Reagents in Crystalline Matrix with the Help of Magnetic Field. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hui Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 211189 P.R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 211189 P.R. China
| | - Jing-Wen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 211189 P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Tong He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 211189 P.R. China
| | - Dan-Li Hong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 211189 P.R. China
| | - Pei-Jing An
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 211189 P.R. China
| | - Hong-Shuai Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 211189 P.R. China
| | - Bai-Wang Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 211189 P.R. China
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30
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Steed JW. 21st century developments in the understanding and control of molecular solids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:13175-13182. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc08277d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This highlight article surveys some of the key recent advances in crystallization techniques, polymorphism, co-crystals, amorphous materials and crystal engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan W. Steed
- Department of Chemistry
- Durham University
- University Science Laboratories
- Durham
- UK
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31
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Bian Y, Ding W, Hu L, Ma Z, Cheng L, Zhang R, Zhu X, Tang X, Dai J, Bai J, Sun Y, Sheng Z. Acceleration of Kirkendall effect processes in silicon nanospheres using magnetic fields. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01802a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We show that a magnetic field can act as an independent parameter to accelerate the Kirkendall effect in a liquid reaction system.
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Nanostructural origin of blue fluorescence in the mineral karpatite. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9867. [PMID: 28852091 PMCID: PMC5575318 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10261-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The colour of crystals is a function of their atomic structure. In the case of organic crystals, it is the spatial relationships between molecules that determine the colour, so the same molecules in the same arrangement should produce crystals of the same colour, regardless of whether they arise geologically or synthetically. There is a naturally-occurring organic crystal known as karpatite which is prized for its beautiful blue fluorescence under ultra-violet illumination. When grown under laboratory conditions however, the crystals fluoresce with an intense green colour. For 20 years, this difference has been thought to be due to chemical impurities in the laboratory-grown material. Using electron microscopy coupled with fluorescence spectroscopy and X-Ray diffraction, we report here that this disparity is instead due to differences in the structure of the crystals at the nanoscale. The results show that in nature, karpatite has a nanotexture that is not present in the synthetic crystals, which enables different photonic pathways and therefore a blue, rather than green colour whilst undergoing fluorescence.
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Wang H, Lei J, Gao F, Yang Z, Yang D, Jiang J, Li J, Hu X, Ren X, Liu B, Liu J, Lei H, Liu Z, Liu SF. Magnetic Field-Assisted Perovskite Film Preparation for Enhanced Performance of Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:21756-21762. [PMID: 28589714 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are promising low-cost photovoltaic technologies with high power conversion efficiency (PCE). The crystalline quality of perovskite materials is crucial to the photovoltaic performance of the PSCs. Herein, a simple approach is introduced to prepare high-quality CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite films with larger crystalline grains and longer carriers lifetime by using magnetic field to control the nucleation and crystal growth. The fabricated planar CH3NH3PbI3 solar cells have an average PCE of 17.84% and the highest PCE of 18.56% using an optimized magnetic field at 80 mT. In contrast, the PSCs fabricated without the magnetic field give an average PCE of 15.52% and the highest PCE of 16.72%. The magnetic field action produces an ordered arrangement of the perovskite ions, improving the crystallinity of the perovskite films and resulting in a higher PCE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, China
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Wu J, Yang J. Superlong Salicylideneaniline Semiconductor Nanobelts Prepared by a Magnetic Nanoparticle-Assisted Self-Assembly Process for Luminescence Thermochromism. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:2264-2272. [PMID: 31457577 PMCID: PMC6641110 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the molecular assembling and nanomorphology of organic semiconductors is crucial to obtain high-performance electronic devices. In this work, we have first reported novel superlong salicylideneaniline nanobelts (mHBA) using the magnetic nanoparticle-assisted self-assembly process. Our results show that magnetic nanoparticles will obviously influence the self-assembly behavior, nanomorphology, and crystal structure of molecular HBA. Moreover, the intensity of fluorescence mHBA exhibits decreasing and increasing patterns, with the increase in temperature over a wide temperature range of 8 to 295 K. To elucidate the origin of tautomer forms, the ground and excited states of mHBA were experimentally and theoretically studied. Our results suggest that superlong HBA nanobelts provide a promising intelligent fluorescent thermometer and an organic field-effect transistor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Jinglei Yang
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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35
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Chen PJ, Liu RZ, Hsiao YS. Self-assembled coronene nanofiber arrays: toward integrated organic bioelectronics for efficient isolation, detection, and recovery of cancer cells. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07515d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrated coronene-based nanofiber array devices for circulating tumor cell isolation, detection, and recovery through electrical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Jung Chen
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Ming Chi University of Technology
- New Taipei City 243
- Taiwan
| | - Rou-Zhen Liu
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Ming Chi University of Technology
- New Taipei City 243
- Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Hsiao
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Ming Chi University of Technology
- New Taipei City 243
- Taiwan
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Potticary J, Boston R, Vella-Zarb L, Few A, Bell C, Hall SR. Low temperature magneto-morphological characterisation of coronene and the resolution of previously observed unexplained phenomena. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38696. [PMID: 27924852 PMCID: PMC5141578 DOI: 10.1038/srep38696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The polyaromatic hydrocarbon coronene has been the molecule of choice for understanding the physical properties of graphene for over a decade. The modelling of the latter by the former was considered to be valid, as since it was first synthesised in 1932, the physical behaviour of coronene has been determined extremely accurately. We recently discovered however, an unforeseen polymorph of coronene, which exists as an enantiotrope with the previously observed crystal structure. Using low-temperature magnetisation and crystallographic measurements, we show here for the first time that the electronic and magnetic properties of coronene depend directly on the temperature at which it is observed, with hysteretic behaviour exhibited between 300 K and 100 K. Furthermore we determine that this behaviour is a direct result of the appearance and disappearance of the newly-discovered polymorph during thermal cycling. Our results not only highlight the need for theoretical models of graphene to take into account this anomalous behaviour at low temperatures, but also explain puzzling experimental observations of coronene dating back over 40 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Potticary
- Complex Functional Materials Group, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Boston
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Liana Vella-Zarb
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta
| | - Alex Few
- Complex Functional Materials Group, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Bell
- School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - Simon R. Hall
- Complex Functional Materials Group, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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