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Arjmandi MB, Mohammadi H, Saguia A, Sarandy MS, Santos AC. Localization effects in disordered quantum batteries. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:064106. [PMID: 38243481 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.064106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the effect of localization on the local charging of quantum batteries (QBs) modeled by disordered spin systems. Two distinct schemes based on the transverse-field random Ising model are considered, with Ising couplings defined on a Chimera graph and on a linear chain with up to next-to-nearest-neighbor interactions. By adopting a low-energy demanding charging process driven by local fields only, we obtain that the maximum extractable energy by unitary processes (ergotropy) is highly enhanced in the ergodic phase in comparison with the many-body localization (MBL) scenario. As we turn off the next-to-nearest-neighbor interactions in the Ising chain, we have the onset of the Anderson localization phase. We then show that the Anderson phase exhibits a hybrid behavior, interpolating between large and small ergotropy as the disorder strength is increased. We also consider the splitting of total ergotropy into its coherent and incoherent contributions. This incoherent part implies in a residual ergotropy that is fully robust against dephasing, which is a typical process leading to the self-discharging of the battery in a real setup. Our results are experimentally feasible in scalable systems, such as in superconducting integrated circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad B Arjmandi
- Faculty of Physics, University of Isfahan, P.O. Box 81746-7344, Isfahan, Iran and Quantum Optics Research Group, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-7344, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Mohammadi
- Faculty of Physics, University of Isfahan, P.O. Box 81746-7344, Isfahan, Iran and Quantum Optics Research Group, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-7344, Iran
| | - Andreia Saguia
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Gal. Milton Tavares de Souza s/n, Gragoatá, 24210-346 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo S Sarandy
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Gal. Milton Tavares de Souza s/n, Gragoatá, 24210-346 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alan C Santos
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235-SP-310, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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2
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Noah A, Zur Y, Fridman N, Singh S, Gutfreund A, Herrera E, Vakahi A, Remennik S, Huber ME, Gazit S, Suderow H, Steinberg H, Millo O, Anahory Y. Nano-Patterned Magnetic Edges in CrGeTe 3 for Quasi 1-D Spintronic Devices. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2023; 6:8627-8634. [PMID: 37256091 PMCID: PMC10226043 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.3c01008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of two-dimensional van der Waals magnets has paved the way for both technological applications and fundamental research on magnetism confined to ultra-small length scales. Edge magnetic moments in ferromagnets are expected to be less magnetized than in the sample interior because of the reduced amount of neighboring ferromagnetic spins at the sample edge. We recently demonstrated that CrGeTe3 (CGT) flakes thinner than 10 nm are hard ferromagnets; i.e., they exhibit an open hysteresis loop. In contrast, thicker flakes exhibit zero net remnant field in the interior, with hard ferromagnetism present only at the cleaved edges. This experimental observation suggests that a nontrivial interaction exists between the sample edge and the interior. Here, we demonstrate that artificial edges fabricated by focus ion beam etching also display hard ferromagnetism. This enables us to write magnetic nanowires in CGT directly and use this method to characterize the magnetic interaction between the interior and edge. The results indicate that the interior saturation and depolarization fields depend on the lateral dimensions of the sample. Most notably, the interior region between the edges of a sample narrower than 300 nm becomes a hard ferromagnet, suggesting an enhancement of the magnetic exchange induced by the proximity of the edges. Last, we find that the CGT regions amorphized by the gallium beam are nonmagnetic, which introduces a novel method to tune the local magnetic properties of CGT films, potentially enabling integration into spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avia Noah
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Yishay Zur
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Nofar Fridman
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Sourabh Singh
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Alon Gutfreund
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Edwin Herrera
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas, Unidad Asociada UAM/CSIC, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Atzmon Vakahi
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Sergei Remennik
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Martin Emile Huber
- Departments of Physics and Electrical Engineering, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado 80217, United States
| | - Snir Gazit
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Hermann Suderow
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas, Unidad Asociada UAM/CSIC, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hadar Steinberg
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Oded Millo
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Yonathan Anahory
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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3
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Silva FEF, Mendoza M. Calculation method for the conductance of mesoscopic systems: assembly of Tight Binding Hamiltonians with spin effects-revisited. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:225901. [PMID: 36913734 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acc3e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We discretize the Schrödinger equation in the approximation of the effective mass for the two-dimensional electron gas of GaAs, without magnetic field and on the other hand, with magnetic field. This discretization leads naturally to Tight Binding (TB) Hamiltonians in the approximation of the effective mass. An analysis of this discretization allows us to gain insight into the role of site and hopping energies, which allows us to model the TB Hamiltonian assembly with spin: Zeeman and spin-orbit coupling effects, especially the case Rashba. With this tool we can assemble Hamiltonians of quantum boxes, Aharanov-Bohm interferometers, anti-dots lattices and effects of imperfections, as well as disorder in the system. The extension to mount quantum billiards is natural. We also explain here how to adapt the recursive equations of Green's functions for the case of spin modes, apart from transverse modes, for the calculation of conductance in these mesoscopic systems. The assembled Hamiltonians allow to identify the matrix elements (depending on the different parameters of the system) associated with splitting or spin flipping, which gives a starting point to model specific systems of interest, manipulating certain parameters. In general, the approach of this work allows us to clearly see the relationship between the wave and matrix description of quantum mechanics. We discuss here also, the extension of the method for 1D and 3D systems, for the extension apart from the first neighbors and for the inclusion of other types of interaction. The way we approach the method, has the objective of showing how specifically the site and hopping energies change in the presence of new interactions. This is very important in the case of spin interactions, because by looking at the matrix elements (site or hopping) we can directly identify the conditions that can lead to splitting, flipping or a mixture of these effects. Which is essential for the design of devices based on spintronics. Finally, we discuss spin-conductance modulation (Rashba spin precession) for the states of an open quantum dot (resonant states). Unlike the case of a quantum wire, the spin-flipping observed in the conductance is not perfectly sinusoidal, there is an envelope that modulates the sinusoidal component, which depends on the discrete-continuous coupling of the resonant states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe E F Silva
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, 09210-170 Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Michel Mendoza
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, 09210-170 Santo André, SP, Brazil
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Ablimit A, He RH, Xie YY, Wu LA, Wang ZM. Quantum Energy Current Induced Coherence in a Spin Chain under Non-Markovian Environments. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 24:1406. [PMID: 37420426 DOI: 10.3390/e24101406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the time-dependent behaviour of the energy current between a quantum spin chain and its surrounding non-Markovian and finite temperature baths, together with its relationship to the coherence dynamics of the system. To be specific, both the system and the baths are assumed to be initially in thermal equilibrium at temperature Ts and Tb, respectively. This model plays a fundamental role in study of quantum system evolution towards thermal equilibrium in an open system. The non-Markovian quantum state diffusion (NMQSD) equation approach is used to calculate the dynamics of the spin chain. The effects of non-Markovianity, temperature difference and system-bath interaction strength on the energy current and the corresponding coherence in cold and warm baths are analyzed, respectively. We show that the strong non-Markovianity, weak system-bath interaction and low temperature difference will help to maintain the system coherence and correspond to a weaker energy current. Interestingly, the warm baths destroy the coherence while the cold baths help to build coherence. Furthermore, the effects of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction and the external magnetic field on the energy current and coherence are analyzed. Both energy current and coherence will change due to the increase of the system energy induced by the DM interaction and magnetic field. Significantly, the minimal coherence corresponds to the critical magnetic field which causes the first order phase transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arapat Ablimit
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Run-Hong He
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yang-Yang Xie
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Lian-Ao Wu
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Physics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Zhao-Ming Wang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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5
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Liu M, Ouyang Z, Liu X, Cao J, Xiao T, Xia Z, Wang Z. Structure and Magnetism of an Ideal One-Dimensional Chain Antiferromagnet [C 2NH 8] 3[Fe(SO 4) 3] with a Large Spin of S = 5/2. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:15045-15050. [PMID: 36099445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Isolated large-spin Heisenberg antiferromagnetic uniform chain is quite rare. Here, we have successfully synthesized an ideal one-dimensional (1D) S = 5/2 linear-chain antiferromagnet [C2NH8]3[Fe(SO4)3], which crystallizes in a trigonal lattice with the space group R3c. A broad maximum at Tmax = 18 K is observed in the magnetic susceptibility curve. Notably, no long-range magnetic ordering is observed down to 2 K even if the material has a large Curie-Weiss temperature of θCW = -25.5 K. High-field magnetization at 2 K shows a linear increase until saturation at 30 T, and a high-field electron spin resonance (ESR) reveals the absence of a zero-field spin gap. The intrachain interaction J and interchain interaction J' are determined. Quite a small ratio of J'/J < 2.5 × 10-3 suggests that [C2NH8]3[Fe(SO4)3] behaves as an ideal 1D uniform linear-chain antiferromagnet, in which the magnetic ordering is prevented by the extremely small interchain interaction and quantum fluctuation even for a classical spin of S = 5/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Liu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center & School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhongwen Ouyang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center & School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center & School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiaojiao Cao
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center & School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tongtong Xiao
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center & School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhengcai Xia
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center & School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center & School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Arjmandi MB, Mohammadi H, Santos AC. Enhancing self-discharging process with disordered quantum batteries. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:054115. [PMID: 35706233 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.054115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important devices emerging from quantum technology are quantum batteries. However, self-discharging, the process of charge wasting of quantum batteries due to decoherence phenomenon, limits their performance, measured by the concept of ergotropy and half-life time of the quantum battery. The effects of local field fluctuation, introduced by the disorder term in the Hamiltonian of the system, on the performance of the quantum batteries is investigated in this paper. The results reveal that the disorder term could compensate disruptive effects of the decoherence, i.e., self-discharging, and hence improve the performance of the quantum battery via "incoherent gain of ergotropy" procedure. Adjusting the strength of the disorder parameter to a proper value and choosing a suitable initial state of the quantum battery, the amount of free ergotropy, defined with respect to the free Hamiltonian, could exceed the amount of initial stored ergotropy. In addition harnessing the degree of the disorder parameter could help to enhance the half-life time of the quantum battery. This study opens perspective to further investigation of the performance of quantum batteries that explore disorder and many-body effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad B Arjmandi
- Faculty of Physics, University of Isfahan, P.O. Box 81746-7344, Isfahan, Iran
- Quantum Optics Research Group, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Mohammadi
- Faculty of Physics, University of Isfahan, P.O. Box 81746-7344, Isfahan, Iran
- Quantum Optics Research Group, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alan C Santos
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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7
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Wittmann W K, Castro ER, Foerster A, Santos LF. Interacting bosons in a triple well: Preface of many-body quantum chaos. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:034204. [PMID: 35428045 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.034204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Systems of interacting bosons in triple-well potentials are of significant theoretical and experimental interest. They are explored in contexts that range from quantum phase transitions and quantum dynamics to semiclassical analysis. Here, we systematically investigate the onset of quantum chaos in a triple-well model that moves away from integrability as its potential gets tilted. Even in its deepest chaotic regime, the system presents features reminiscent of integrability. Our studies are based on level spacing distribution and spectral form factor, structure of the eigenstates, and diagonal and off-diagonal elements of observables in relationship to the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. With only three sites, the system's eigenstates are at the brink of becoming fully chaotic, so they do not yet exhibit Gaussian distributions, which resonates with the results for the observables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E R Castro
- Instituto de Física, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, 91501-97, RS, Brazil
| | - Angela Foerster
- Instituto de Física, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, 91501-97, RS, Brazil
| | - Lea F Santos
- Department of Physics, Yeshiva University, New York, New York 10016, USA
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8
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Podlesnyak A, Nikitin SE, Ehlers G. Low-energy spin dynamics in rare-earth perovskite oxides. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:403001. [PMID: 34252895 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac1367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We review recent studies of spin dynamics in rare-earth orthorhombic perovskite oxides of the type RMO3, where R is a rare-earth ion and M is a transition-metal ion, using single-crystal inelastic neutron scattering (INS). After a short introduction to the magnetic INS technique in general, the results of INS experiments on both transition-metal and rare-earth subsystems for four selected compounds (YbFeO3, TmFeO3, YFeO3, YbAlO3) are presented. We show that the spectrum of magnetic excitations consists of two types of collective modes that are well separated in energy: gapped magnons with a typical bandwidth of <70 meV, associated with the antiferromagnetically (AFM) ordered transition-metal subsystem, and AFM fluctuations of <5 meV within the rare-earth subsystem, with no hybridization of those modes. We discuss the high-energy conventional magnon excitations of the 3dsubsystem only briefly, and focus in more detail on the spectacular dynamics of the rare-earth sublattice in these materials. We observe that the nature of the ground state and the low-energy excitation strongly depends on the identity of the rare-earth ion. In the case of non-Kramers ions, the low-symmetry crystal field completely eliminates the degeneracy of the multiplet state, creating a rich magnetic field-temperature phase diagram. In the case of Kramers ions, the resulting ground state is at least a doublet, which can be viewed as an effective quantum spin-1/2. Equally important is the fact that in Yb-based materials the nearest-neighbor exchange interaction dominates in one direction, despite the three-dimensional nature of the orthoperovskite crystal structure. The observation of a fractional spinon continuum and quantum criticality in YbAlO3demonstrates that Kramers rare-earth based magnets can provide realizations of various aspects of quantum low-dimensional physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Podlesnyak
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States of America
| | - S E Nikitin
- Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - G Ehlers
- Neutron Technologies Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States of America
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Poulsen K, Zinner NT. Giant Magnetoresistance in Boundary-Driven Spin Chains. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:077203. [PMID: 33666455 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.077203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In solid state physics, giant magnetoresistance is the large change in electrical resistance due to an external magnetic field. Here we show that giant magnetoresistance is possible in a spin chain composed of weakly interacting layers of strongly coupled spins. This is found for all system sizes even down to a minimal system of four spins. The mechanism driving the effect is a mismatch in the energy spectrum resulting in spin excitations being reflected at the boundaries between layers. This mismatch, and thus the current, can be controlled by external magnetic fields resulting in giant magnetoresistance. A simple rule for determining the behavior of the spin transport under the influence of a magnetic field is presented based on the energy levels of the strongly coupled spins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Poulsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj T Zinner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark and Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 6B, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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10
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Santos AC, Saguia A, Sarandy MS. Stable and charge-switchable quantum batteries. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:062114. [PMID: 32688466 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.062114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A fully operational loss-free quantum battery requires an inherent control over the energy transfer process, with the ability of keeping the energy retained with no leakage. Moreover, it also requires a stable discharge mechanism, which entails that no energy revivals occur as the device starts its energy distribution. Here we provide a scalable solution for both requirements. To this aim, we propose a general design for a quantum battery based on an energy current (EC) observable quantifying the energy transfer rate to a consumption hub. More specifically, we introduce an instantaneous EC operator describing the energy transfer process driven by an arbitrary interaction Hamiltonian. The EC observable is shown to be the root for two main applications: (1) a trapping energy mechanism based on a common eigenstate between the EC operator and the interaction Hamiltonian, in which the battery can indefinitely retain its energy even if it is coupled to the consumption hub, and (2) an asymptotically stable discharge mechanism, which is achieved through an adiabatic evolution eventually yielding vanishing EC. These two independent but complementary applications are illustrated in quantum spin chains, where the trapping energy control is realized through Bell pairwise entanglement and the stability arises as a general consequence of the adiabatic spin dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan C Santos
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Gal. Milton Tavares de Souza s/n, Gragoatá, 24210-346 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andreia Saguia
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Gal. Milton Tavares de Souza s/n, Gragoatá, 24210-346 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo S Sarandy
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Gal. Milton Tavares de Souza s/n, Gragoatá, 24210-346 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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11
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Sowiński T, Ángel García-March M. One-dimensional mixtures of several ultracold atoms: a review. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2019; 82:104401. [PMID: 31404916 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ab3a80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent theoretical and experimental progress on studying one-dimensional systems of bosonic, fermionic, and Bose-Fermi mixtures of a few ultracold atoms confined in traps is reviewed in the broad context of mesoscopic quantum physics. We pay special attention to limiting cases of very strong or very weak interactions and transitions between them. For bosonic mixtures, we describe the developments in systems of three and four atoms as well as different extensions to larger numbers of particles. We also briefly review progress in the case of spinor Bose gases of a few atoms. For fermionic mixtures, we discuss a special role of spin and present a detailed discussion of the two- and three-atom cases. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different computation methods applied to systems with intermediate interactions. In the case of very strong repulsion, close to the infinite limit, we discuss approaches based on effective spin chain descriptions. We also report on recent studies on higher-spin mixtures and inter-component attractive forces. For both statistics, we pay particular attention to impurity problems and mass imbalance cases. Finally, we describe the recent advances on trapped Bose-Fermi mixtures, which allow for a theoretical combination of previous concepts, well illustrating the importance of quantum statistics and inter-particle interactions. Lastly, we report on fundamental questions related to the subject which we believe will inspire further theoretical developments and experimental verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Sowiński
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Aleja Lotników 32/46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Santos AC, Çakmak B, Campbell S, Zinner NT. Stable adiabatic quantum batteries. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:032107. [PMID: 31639993 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.032107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of quantum technologies comes the requirement of building quantum components able to store energy to be used whenever necessary, i.e., quantum batteries. In this paper we exploit an adiabatic protocol to ensure a stable charged state of a three-level quantum battery which allows one to avoid the spontaneous discharging regime. We study the effects of the most relevant sources of noise on the charging process, and, as an experimental proposal, we discuss superconducting transmon qubits. In addition we study the self-discharging of our quantum battery where it is shown that spectrum engineering can be used to delay such phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan C Santos
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Gal. Milton Tavares de Souza s/n, Gragoatá, 24210-346 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Barış Çakmak
- College of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahçeşehir University, 34353 Beşiktaş, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Steve Campbell
- School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Nikolaj T Zinner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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13
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Wieser R. Investigation of quantum and thermal fluctuations ferromagnetic spin chains with easy-plane anisotropy. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:325801. [PMID: 31051487 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab1f3b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional ferromagnetic S = 1/2 and S = 1 spin chains with easy-plane and easy-axis exchange anisotropy are studied by the double-time Green's function method. The XYZ model can be used to describe several chain systems as the ferromagnetic spin chain of [Formula: see text] (CHAB). Alternatively, ferromagnetic spin-spirals with Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction. To study quantum and thermal fluctuations the magnetization and susceptibility are calculated and analyzed as a function of the external field, the strength of the anisotropy and the chain length.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Wieser
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
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de Ponte MA, Santos AC. Shortening time scale to reduce thermal effects in quantum transistors. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10470. [PMID: 31320672 PMCID: PMC6639392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46902-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we present a quantum transistor model based on a network of coupled quantum oscillators destined to quantum information processing tasks in linear optics. To this end, we show in an analytical way how a set of N quantum oscillators (data-bus) can be used as an optical quantum switch, in which the energy gap of the data bus oscillators plays the role of an adjustable "potential barrier". This enables us to "block or allow" the quantum information to flow from the source to the drain. In addition, we discuss how this device can be useful for implementing single qubit phase-shift quantum gates with high fidelity, so that it can be used as a useful tool. To conclude, during the study of the performance of our device when considering the interaction of this with a thermal reservoir, we highlight the important role played by the set of oscillators which constitute the data-bus in reducing the unwanted effects of the thermal reservoir. This is achieved by reducing the information exchange time (shortening time scale) between the desired oscillators. In particular, we have identified a non-trivial criterion in which the ideal size of the data-bus can be obtained so that it presents the best possible performance. We believe that our study can be perfectly adapted to a large number of thermal reservoir models.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A de Ponte
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus Experimental de Itapeva, Rua Geraldo Alckmin, 519, Vila N. Sra de Fátima, 18409-010, Itapeva, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Alan C Santos
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. General Milton Tavares de Souza s/n, Gragoatá, 24210-346, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Controlled state transfer in a Heisenberg spin chain by periodic drives. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13565. [PMID: 30202069 PMCID: PMC6131558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31552-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The spin chain is a system that has been widely studied for its quantum phase transition. It also holds potential for practical application in quantum information, including quantum communication and quantum computation. In this paper, we propose a scheme for conditional state transfer in a Heisenberg XXZ spin chain. In our scheme, the absence or presence of a periodic driving potential results in either a perfect state transfer between the input and output ports, or a complete blockade at the input port. This scheme is formalized by deriving an analytical expression of the effective Hamiltonian for the spin chain subject to a periodic driving field in the high-frequency limit. The influence of the derivation of the optimal parameter on the performance of the state transfer is also examined, showing the robustness of the spin chain for state transfer. In addition, the collective decoherence effect on the fidelity of state transfer is discussed. The proposed scheme paves the way for the realization of integrated quantum logic elements, and may find application in quantum information processing.
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Cerezo M, Rossignoli R, Canosa N, Ríos E. Factorization and Criticality in Finite XXZ Systems of Arbitrary Spin. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:220605. [PMID: 29286784 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.220605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We analyze ground state (GS) factorization in general arrays of spins s_{i} with XXZ couplings immersed in nonuniform fields. It is shown that an exceptionally degenerate set of completely separable symmetry-breaking GSs can arise for a wide range of field configurations, at a quantum critical point where all GS magnetization plateaus merge. Such configurations include alternating fields as well as zero-bulk field solutions with edge fields only and intermediate solutions with zero field at specific sites, valid for d-dimensional arrays. The definite magnetization-projected GSs at factorization can be analytically determined and depend only on the exchange anisotropies, exhibiting critical entanglement properties. We also show that some factorization-compatible field configurations may result in field-induced frustration and nontrivial behavior at strong fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cerezo
- Instituto de Física de La Plata, CONICET, and Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, C.C. 67, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - R Rossignoli
- Instituto de Física de La Plata, CONICET, and Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, C.C. 67, La Plata 1900, Argentina
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC), La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - N Canosa
- Instituto de Física de La Plata, CONICET, and Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, C.C. 67, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - E Ríos
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional Avellaneda, C.C. 1874, Argentina
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Yokoshi N, Odagiri K, Ishikawa A, Ishihara H. Synchronization Dynamics in a Designed Open System. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:203601. [PMID: 28581801 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.203601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically propose a unifying expression for synchronization dynamics between two-level constituents. Although synchronization phenomena require some substantial mediators, the distinct repercussions of their propagation delays remain obscure, especially in open systems. Our scheme directly incorporates the details of the constituents and mediators in an arbitrary environment. As one example, we demonstrate the synchronization dynamics of optical emitters on a dielectric microsphere. We reveal that the whispering gallery modes (WGMs) bridge the well-separated emitters and accelerate the synchronized fluorescence, known as superfluorescence. The emitters are found to overcome the significant and nonuniform retardation, and to build up their pronounced coherence by the WGMs, striking a balance between the roles of resonator and intermediary. Our work directly illustrates the dynamical aspects of many-body synchronizations and contributes to the exploration of research paradigms that consider designed open systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Yokoshi
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kazuki Odagiri
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akira Ishikawa
- Department of Science for Advanced Materials, University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
| | - Hajime Ishihara
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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