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Jiang Y, Hayes S, Bittmann S, Sarracini A, Liu LC, Müller-Werkmeister HM, Miyawaki A, Hada M, Nakano S, Takahashi R, Banu S, Koshihara SY, Takahashi K, Ishikawa T, Miller RJD. Direct observation of photoinduced sequential spin transition in a halogen-bonded hybrid system by complementary ultrafast optical and electron probes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4604. [PMID: 38834600 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48529-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
A detailed understanding of the ultrafast dynamics of halogen-bonded materials is desired for designing supramolecular materials and tuning various electronic properties by external stimuli. Here, a prototypical halogen-bonded multifunctional material containing spin crossover (SCO) cations and paramagnetic radical anions is studied as a model system of photo-switchable SCO hybrid systems using ultrafast electron diffraction and two complementary optical spectroscopic techniques. Our results reveal a sequential dynamics from SCO to radical dimer softening, uncovering a key transient intermediate state. In combination with quantum chemistry calculations, we demonstrate the presence of halogen bonds in the low- and high-temperature phases and propose their role during the photoinduced sequential dynamics, underscoring the significance of exploring ultrafast dynamics. Our research highlights the promising utility of halogen bonds in finely tuning functional properties across diverse photoactive multifunctional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Jiang
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany.
| | - Stuart Hayes
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, M5S 3H6, ON, Canada
| | - Simon Bittmann
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antoine Sarracini
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, M5S 3H6, ON, Canada
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Lai Chung Liu
- Uncharted Software, 600-2 Berkeley St., Toronto, M5A 4J5, ON, Canada
| | | | - Atsuhiro Miyawaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1, Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Masaki Hada
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Nakano
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Ryoya Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Samiran Banu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Koshihara
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1, Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Tadahiko Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan.
| | - R J Dwayne Miller
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, M5S 3H6, ON, Canada.
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Antolini C, Sosa Alfaro V, Reinhard M, Chatterjee G, Ribson R, Sokaras D, Gee L, Sato T, Kramer PL, Raj SL, Hayes B, Schleissner P, Garcia-Esparza AT, Lim J, Babicz JT, Follmer AH, Nelson S, Chollet M, Alonso-Mori R, van Driel TB. The Liquid Jet Endstation for Hard X-ray Scattering and Spectroscopy at the Linac Coherent Light Source. Molecules 2024; 29:2323. [PMID: 38792184 PMCID: PMC11124266 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The ability to study chemical dynamics on ultrafast timescales has greatly advanced with the introduction of X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) providing short pulses of intense X-rays tailored to probe atomic structure and electronic configuration. Fully exploiting the full potential of XFELs requires specialized experimental endstations along with the development of techniques and methods to successfully carry out experiments. The liquid jet endstation (LJE) at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) has been developed to study photochemistry and biochemistry in solution systems using a combination of X-ray solution scattering (XSS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). The pump-probe setup utilizes an optical laser to excite the sample, which is subsequently probed by a hard X-ray pulse to resolve structural and electronic dynamics at their intrinsic femtosecond timescales. The LJE ensures reliable sample delivery to the X-ray interaction point via various liquid jets, enabling rapid replenishment of thin samples with millimolar concentrations and low sample volumes at the 120 Hz repetition rate of the LCLS beam. This paper provides a detailed description of the LJE design and of the techniques it enables, with an emphasis on the diagnostics required for real-time monitoring of the liquid jet and on the spatiotemporal overlap methods used to optimize the signal. Additionally, various scientific examples are discussed, highlighting the versatility of the LJE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cali Antolini
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Victor Sosa Alfaro
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Marco Reinhard
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Gourab Chatterjee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Ryan Ribson
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Leland Gee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Takahiro Sato
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Patrick L. Kramer
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Sumana Laxmi Raj
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Brandon Hayes
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Pamela Schleissner
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Angel T. Garcia-Esparza
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Jinkyu Lim
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
- Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeffrey T. Babicz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Alec H. Follmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - Silke Nelson
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Matthieu Chollet
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Tim B. van Driel
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (C.A.); (V.S.A.); (M.R.); (G.C.); (R.R.); (D.S.); (L.G.); (T.S.); (P.L.K.); (S.L.R.); (B.H.); (P.S.); (A.T.G.-E.); (J.L.); (J.T.B.J.); (S.N.); (M.C.)
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3
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Barlow K, Phelps R, Eng J, Katayama T, Sutcliffe E, Coletta M, Brechin EK, Penfold TJ, Johansson JO. Tracking nuclear motion in single-molecule magnets using femtosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4043. [PMID: 38744877 PMCID: PMC11094174 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48411-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of new data storage solutions is crucial for emerging digital technologies. Recently, all-optical magnetic switching has been achieved in dielectrics, proving to be faster than traditional methods. Despite this, single-molecule magnets (SMMs), which are an important class of magnetic materials due to their nanometre size, remain underexplored for ultrafast photomagnetic switching. Herein, we report femtosecond time-resolved K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (TR-XAS) on a Mn(III)-based trinuclear SMM. Exploiting the elemental specificity of XAS, we directly track nuclear dynamics around the metal ions and show that the ultrafast dynamics upon excitation of a crystal-field transition are dominated by a magnetically active Jahn-Teller mode. Our results, supported by simulations, reveal minute bond length changes from 0.01 to 0.05 Å demonstrating the sensitivity of the method. These geometrical changes are discussed in terms of magneto-structural relationships and consequently our results illustrate the importance of TR-XAS for the emerging area of ultrafast molecular magnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Barlow
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, EH9 3FJ, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ryan Phelps
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, EH9 3FJ, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Julien Eng
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Tetsuo Katayama
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Kouto 1-1-1, Sayo, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Erica Sutcliffe
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, EH9 3FJ, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marco Coletta
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, EH9 3FJ, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Euan K Brechin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, EH9 3FJ, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thomas J Penfold
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - J Olof Johansson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, EH9 3FJ, Edinburgh, UK.
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Van Stappen C, Van Kuiken BE, Mörtel M, Ruotsalainen KO, Maganas D, Khusniyarov MM, DeBeer S. Correlating Valence and 2p3d RIXS Spectroscopies: A Ligand-Field Study of Spin-Crossover Iron(II). Inorg Chem 2024; 63:7386-7400. [PMID: 38587408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The molecular spin-crossover phenomenon between high-spin (HS) and low-spin (LS) states is a promising route to next-generation information storage, sensing applications, and molecular spintronics. Spin-crossover complexes also provide a unique opportunity to study the ligand field (LF) properties of a system in both HS and LS states while maintaining the same ligand environment. Presently, we employ complementing valence and core-level spectroscopic methods to probe the electronic excited-state manifolds of the spin-crossover complex [FeII(H2B(pz)2)2phen]0. Light-induced excited spin-state trapping (LIESST) at liquid He temperatures is exploited to characterize magnetic and spectroscopic properties of the photoinduced HS state using SQUID magnetometry and magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. In parallel, Fe 2p3d RIXS spectroscopy is employed to examine the ΔS = 0, 1 excited LF states. These experimental studies are combined with state-of-the-art CASSCF/NEVPT2 and CASCI/NEVPT2 calculations characterizing the ground and LF excited states. Analysis of the acquired LF information further supports the notion that the spin-crossover of [FeII(H2B(pz)2)2phen]0 is asymmetric, evidenced by a decrease in eπ in the LS state. The results demonstrate the power of cross-correlating spectroscopic techniques with high and low LF information content to make accurate excited-state assignments, as well as the current capabilities of ab initio theory in interpreting these electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Van Stappen
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Benjamin E Van Kuiken
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Max Mörtel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kari O Ruotsalainen
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Dimitrios Maganas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Marat M Khusniyarov
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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Zahn C, Pastore M, Lustres JLP, Gros PC, Haacke S, Heyne K. Femtosecond Infrared Spectroscopy Resolving the Multiplicity of High-Spin Crossover States in Transition Metal Iron Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9347-9355. [PMID: 38520392 PMCID: PMC10995999 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Tuning the photophysical properties of iron-based transition-metal complexes is crucial for their employment as photosensitizers in solar energy conversion. For the optimization of these new complexes, a detailed understanding of the excited-state deactivation paths is necessary. Here, we report femtosecond transient mid-IR spectroscopy data on a recently developed octahedral ligand-field enhancing [Fe(dqp)2]2+ (C1) complex with dqp = 2,6-diquinolylpyridine and prototypical [Fe(bpy)3]2+ (C0). By combining mid-IR spectroscopy with quantum chemical DFT calculations, we propose a method for disentangling the 5Q1 and 3T1 multiplicities of the long-lived metal-centered (MC) states, applicable to a variety of metal-organic iron complexes. Our results for C0 align well with the established assignment toward the 5Q1, validating our approach. For C1, we find that deactivation of the initially excited metal-to-ligand charge-transfer state leads to a population of a long-lived MC 5Q1 state. Analysis of transient changes in the mid-IR shows an ultrafast sub 200 fs rearrangement of ligand geometry for both complexes, accompanying the MLCT → MC deactivation. This confirms that the flexibility in the ligand sphere supports the stabilization of high spin states and plays a crucial role in the MLCT lifetime of metal-organic iron complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clark Zahn
- Department
of Physics, Free University Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - J. Luis Perez Lustres
- Department
of Physics, Free University Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Haacke
- Université
de Strasbourg—CNRS, IPCMS, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Karsten Heyne
- Department
of Physics, Free University Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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6
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Lee A, Son M, Deegbey M, Woodhouse MD, Hart SM, Beissel HF, Cesana PT, Jakubikova E, McCusker JK, Schlau-Cohen GS. Observation of parallel intersystem crossing and charge transfer-state dynamics in [Fe(bpy) 3] 2+ from ultrafast 2D electronic spectroscopy. Chem Sci 2023; 14:13140-13150. [PMID: 38023502 PMCID: PMC10664481 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02613b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transition metal-based charge-transfer complexes represent a broad class of inorganic compounds with diverse photochemical applications. Charge-transfer complexes based on earth-abundant elements have been of increasing interest, particularly the canonical [Fe(bpy)3]2+. Photoexcitation into the singlet metal-ligand charge transfer (1MLCT) state is followed by relaxation first to the ligand-field manifold and then to the ground state. While these dynamics have been well-studied, processes within the MLCT manifold that facilitate and/or compete with relaxation have been more elusive. We applied ultrafast two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) to disentangle the dynamics immediately following MLCT excitation of this compound. First, dynamics ascribed to relaxation out of the initially formed 1MLCT state was found to correlate with the inertial response time of the solvent. Second, the additional dimension of the 2D spectra revealed a peak consistent with a ∼20 fs 1MLCT → 3MLCT intersystem crossing process. These two observations indicate that the complex simultaneously undergoes intersystem crossing and direct conversion to ligand-field state(s). Resolution of these parallel pathways in this prototypical earth-abundant complex highlights the ability of 2DES to deconvolve the otherwise obscured excited-state dynamics of charge-transfer complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Minjung Son
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Mawuli Deegbey
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Matthew D Woodhouse
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA
| | - Stephanie M Hart
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Hayden F Beissel
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA
| | - Paul T Cesana
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Elena Jakubikova
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - James K McCusker
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA
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7
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Lima FA, Otte F, Vakili M, Ardana-Lamas F, Biednov M, Dall’Antonia F, Frankenberger P, Gawelda W, Gelisio L, Han H, Huang X, Jiang Y, Kloos M, Kluyver T, Knoll M, Kubicek K, Bermudez Macias IJ, Schulz J, Turkot O, Uemura Y, Valerio J, Wang H, Yousef H, Zalden P, Khakhulin D, Bressler C, Milne C. Experimental capabilities for liquid jet samples at sub-MHz rates at the FXE Instrument at European XFEL. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2023; 30:1168-1182. [PMID: 37860937 PMCID: PMC10624029 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577523008159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The Femtosecond X-ray Experiments (FXE) instrument at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) provides an optimized platform for investigations of ultrafast physical, chemical and biological processes. It operates in the energy range 4.7-20 keV accommodating flexible and versatile environments for a wide range of samples using diverse ultrafast X-ray spectroscopic, scattering and diffraction techniques. FXE is particularly suitable for experiments taking advantage of the sub-MHz repetition rates provided by the EuXFEL. In this paper a dedicated setup for studies on ultrafast biological and chemical dynamics in solution phase at sub-MHz rates at FXE is presented. Particular emphasis on the different liquid jet sample delivery options and their performance is given. Our portfolio of high-speed jets compatible with sub-MHz experiments includes cylindrical jets, gas dynamic virtual nozzles and flat jets. The capability to perform multi-color X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) experiments is illustrated by a set of measurements using the dispersive X-ray spectrometer in von Hamos geometry. Static XES data collected using a multi-crystal scanning Johann-type spectrometer are also presented. A few examples of experimental results on ultrafast time-resolved X-ray emission spectroscopy and wide-angle X-ray scattering at sub-MHz pulse repetition rates are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. A. Lima
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - F. Otte
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Fakultät für Physik, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - M. Vakili
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - M. Biednov
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | | | - W. Gawelda
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - L. Gelisio
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - H. Han
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - X. Huang
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Y. Jiang
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - M. Kloos
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - T. Kluyver
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - M. Knoll
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - K. Kubicek
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - J. Schulz
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - O. Turkot
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Y. Uemura
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - J. Valerio
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - H. Wang
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - H. Yousef
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - P. Zalden
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - D. Khakhulin
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - C. Bressler
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - C. Milne
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
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8
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Harmand M, Cammarata M, Chollet M, Krygier AG, Lemke HT, Zhu D. Single-shot X-ray absorption spectroscopy at X-ray free electron lasers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18203. [PMID: 37875533 PMCID: PMC10598033 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44196-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) is a widely used X-ray diagnostic method for studying electronic and structural properties of matter. At first glance, the relatively narrow bandwidth and the highly fluctuating spectral structure of X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFEL) sources seem to require accumulation over many shots to achieve high data quality. To date the best approach to implementing XAS at XFEL facilities has been using monochromators to scan the photon energy across the desired spectral range. While this is possible for easily reproducible samples such as liquids, it is incompatible with many important systems. Here, we demonstrate collection of single-shot XAS spectra over 10s of eV using an XFEL source, with error bars of only a few percent. We additionally show how to extend this technique over wider spectral ranges towards Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure measurements, by concatenating a few tens of single-shot measurements. Our results pave the way for future XAS studies at XFELs, in particular those in the femtosecond regime. This advance is envisioned to be especially important for many transient processes that can only be initiated at lower repetition rates, for difficult to reproduce excitation conditions, or for rare samples, such as those encountered in high-energy density physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Harmand
- IMPMC, Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, MNHN, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Marco Cammarata
- Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR UR1-CNRS 6251, Université de Rennes 1, 35042, Rennes, France
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
| | - Matthieu Chollet
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Andrew G Krygier
- IMPMC, Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, MNHN, 75005, Paris, France
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Henrik T Lemke
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, 5232, Switzerland
| | - Diling Zhu
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
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9
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Alías-Rodríguez M, Bhattacharyya S, Huix-Rotllant M. Ultrafast Spin Crossover Photochemical Mechanism in [Fe II(2,2'-bipyridine) 3] 2+] Revealed by Quantum Dynamics. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:8571-8576. [PMID: 37725036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Photoexcitation of [FeII(2,2'-bipyridine)3]2+ induces a subpicosecond spin crossover transformation from a low-spin singlet to a high-spin quintet state. The mechanism involves metal-centered (MC) and metal-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) triplet intermediates, but their individual contributions to this efficient intersystem crossing have been object of debate. Employing quantum wavepacket dynamics, we show that MC triplets are catalyzing the transfer to the high-spin state. This photochemical pathway is made possible thanks to bipyridine stretching vibrations, facilitating the conversion between the MLCT bands to such MC triplets. We show that the lifetime of the MLCT states can be increased to tens of picoseconds by breaking the conjugation between pyridine units, which increases the energetic gap between MLCT and MC states. This opens the route for the design of new chelating ligands inducing long-lived MLCT states in iron complexes.
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10
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Rafiq S, Weingartz NP, Kromer S, Castellano FN, Chen LX. Spin-vibronic coherence drives singlet-triplet conversion. Nature 2023; 620:776-781. [PMID: 37468632 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06233-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Design-specific control over the transitions between excited electronic states with different spin multiplicities is of the utmost importance in molecular and materials chemistry1-3. Previous studies have indicated that the combination of spin-orbit and vibronic effects, collectively termed the spin-vibronic effect, can accelerate quantum-mechanically forbidden transitions at non-adiabatic crossings4,5. However, it has been difficult to identify precise experimental manifestations of the spin-vibronic mechanism. Here we present coherence spectroscopy experiments that reveal the interplay between the spin, electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom that drive efficient singlet-triplet conversion in four structurally related dinuclear Pt(II) metal-metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MMLCT) complexes. Photoexcitation activates the formation of a Pt-Pt bond, launching a stretching vibrational wavepacket. The molecular-structure-dependent decoherence and recoherence dynamics of this wavepacket resolve the spin-vibronic mechanism. We find that vectorial motion along the Pt-Pt stretching coordinates tunes the singlet and intermediate-state energy gap irreversibly towards the conical intersection and subsequently drives formation of the lowest stable triplet state in a ratcheting fashion. This work demonstrates the viability of using vibronic coherences as probes6-9 to clarify the interplay among spin, electronic and nuclear dynamics in spin-conversion processes, and this could inspire new modular designs to tailor the properties of excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnawaz Rafiq
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Nicholas P Weingartz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Sarah Kromer
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Lin X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA.
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11
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Ash R, Abhari Z, Candela R, Welke N, Murawski J, Gardezi SM, Venkatasubramanian N, Munawar M, Siewert F, Sokolov A, LaDuca Z, Kawasaki J, Bergmann U. X-FAST: A versatile, high-throughput, and user-friendly XUV femtosecond absorption spectroscopy tabletop instrument. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:073004. [PMID: 37462459 DOI: 10.1063/5.0146137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
We present the X-FAST (XUV Femtosecond Absorption Spectroscopy Tabletop) instrument at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The instrument produces femtosecond extreme ultraviolet photon pulses via high-harmonic generation in the range of 40-72 eV, as well as optical pump pulses for transient-absorption experiments. The system implements a gas-cooled sample cell that enables studying the dynamics of thermally sensitive thin-film samples. This paper provides potential users with specifications of the optical, vacuum, data acquisition, and sample cooling systems of the X-FAST instrument, along with performance metrics and data of an ultrafast laser-induced phase transition in a Ni2MnGa Heusler thin film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Ash
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1150 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Zain Abhari
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1150 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Roberta Candela
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1150 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Noah Welke
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1150 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Jake Murawski
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1150 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Minhal Gardezi
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1150 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | - Muneeza Munawar
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1150 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Frank Siewert
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Department of Optics and Beamlines, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrey Sokolov
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Department of Optics and Beamlines, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Zachary LaDuca
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1509 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Jason Kawasaki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1509 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1150 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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12
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Sension RJ, McClain TP, Lamb RM, Alonso-Mori R, Lima FA, Ardana-Lamas F, Biednov M, Chollet M, Chung T, Deb A, Dewan PA, Gee LB, Huang Ze En J, Jiang Y, Khakhulin D, Li J, Michocki LB, Miller NA, Otte F, Uemura Y, van Driel TB, Penner-Hahn JE. Watching Excited State Dynamics with Optical and X-ray Probes: The Excited State Dynamics of Aquocobalamin and Hydroxocobalamin. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37327324 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond time-resolved X-ray absorption (XANES) at the Co K-edge, X-ray emission (XES) in the Co Kβ and valence-to-core regions, and broadband UV-vis transient absorption are combined to probe the femtosecond to picosecond sequential atomic and electronic dynamics following photoexcitation of two vitamin B12 compounds, hydroxocobalamin and aquocobalamin. Polarized XANES difference spectra allow identification of sequential structural evolution involving first the equatorial and then the axial ligands, with the latter showing rapid coherent bond elongation to the outer turning point of the excited state potential followed by recoil to a relaxed excited state structure. Time-resolved XES, especially in the valence-to-core region, along with polarized optical transient absorption suggests that the recoil results in the formation of a metal-centered excited state with a lifetime of 2-5 ps. This combination of methods provides a uniquely powerful tool to probe the electronic and structural dynamics of photoactive transition-metal complexes and will be applicable to a wide variety of systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseanne J Sension
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, United States
| | - Taylor P McClain
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, 930 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Ryan M Lamb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Frederico Alves Lima
- Femtosecond X-ray Experiments Group, European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Fernando Ardana-Lamas
- Femtosecond X-ray Experiments Group, European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Mykola Biednov
- Femtosecond X-ray Experiments Group, European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Matthieu Chollet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Taewon Chung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Aniruddha Deb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, 930 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Paul A Dewan
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, 930 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Leland B Gee
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Joel Huang Ze En
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Yifeng Jiang
- Femtosecond X-ray Experiments Group, European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Dmitry Khakhulin
- Femtosecond X-ray Experiments Group, European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Jianhao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Lindsay B Michocki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Nicholas A Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Florian Otte
- Femtosecond X-ray Experiments Group, European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Yohei Uemura
- Femtosecond X-ray Experiments Group, European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Tim B van Driel
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - James E Penner-Hahn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, 930 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
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13
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Weakly RB, Liekhus-Schmaltz CE, Poulter BI, Biasin E, Alonso-Mori R, Aquila A, Boutet S, Fuller FD, Ho PJ, Kroll T, Loe CM, Lutman A, Zhu D, Bergmann U, Schoenlein RW, Govind N, Khalil M. Revealing core-valence interactions in solution with femtosecond X-ray pump X-ray probe spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3384. [PMID: 37291130 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy using ultrafast optical and infrared pulses has become an essential tool to discover and understand complex electronic and structural dynamics in solvated molecular, biological, and material systems. Here we report the experimental realization of an ultrafast two-color X-ray pump X-ray probe transient absorption experiment performed in solution. A 10 fs X-ray pump pulse creates a localized excitation by removing a 1s electron from an Fe atom in solvated ferro- and ferricyanide complexes. Following the ensuing Auger-Meitner cascade, the second X-ray pulse probes the Fe 1s → 3p transitions in resultant novel core-excited electronic states. Careful comparison of the experimental spectra with theory, extracts +2 eV shifts in transition energies per valence hole, providing insight into correlated interactions of valence 3d with 3p and deeper-lying electrons. Such information is essential for accurate modeling and predictive synthesis of transition metal complexes relevant for applications ranging from catalysis to information storage technology. This study demonstrates the experimental realization of the scientific opportunities possible with the continued development of multicolor multi-pulse X-ray spectroscopy to study electronic correlations in complex condensed phase systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Weakly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | | | - Benjamin I Poulter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Elisa Biasin
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Andrew Aquila
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Sébastien Boutet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Franklin D Fuller
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Phay J Ho
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Caroline M Loe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Alberto Lutman
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Diling Zhu
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Robert W Schoenlein
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Munira Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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14
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Iuchi S, Koga N. Ultrafast Electronic Relaxation in Aqueous [Fe(bpy) 3] 2+: A Surface Hopping Study. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:4225-4232. [PMID: 37126354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Trajectory surface hopping simulations are performed to better understand the electronic relaxation dynamics of [Fe(bpy)3]2+ in aqueous solution. Specifically, the ultrafast relaxation from the photoexcited singlet metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) to the metastable quintet metal-centered (MC) states is simulated through the surface hopping method, where the MLCT and MC states of [Fe(bpy)3]2+ in aqueous solution are computed by using a model electronic Hamiltonian developed previously. As a result, most of the trajectories are interpreted to show the sequential relaxation pathways via the triplet MC states, though some are the direct pathway from MLCT to the quintet MC states. Even though the triplet MC states are involved in the relaxation, the population transfer to the singlet MC ground state is very small, and the population of the quintet MC states reaches more than ∼96%, reasonably consistent with the unity quantum efficiency discussed experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Iuchi
- Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Koga
- Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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15
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Kumaki F, Nagasaka M, Fukaya R, Okano Y, Yamashita S, Nozawa S, Adachi SI, Adachi JI. Operando time-resolved soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy for photoexcitation processes of metal complexes in solutions. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:104201. [PMID: 36922146 DOI: 10.1063/5.0129814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Operando time-resolved soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy (TR-SXAS) is an effective method to reveal the photochemical processes of metal complexes in solutions. In this study, we have developed the TR-SXAS measurement system for observing various photochemical reactions in solutions by the combination of laser pump pulses with soft x-ray probe pulses from the synchrotron radiation. For the evaluation of the developed TR-SXAS system, we have measured nitrogen K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) spectra of aqueous iron phenanthroline solutions during a photoinduced spin transition process. The decay process of the high spin state to the low spin state in the iron complex has been obtained from the ligand side by N K-edge XAS, and the time constant is close to that obtained from the central metal side by time-resolved Fe K-edge XAS in the previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitoshi Kumaki
- Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | | | - Ryo Fukaya
- Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Okano
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Shohei Yamashita
- Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nozawa
- Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Adachi
- Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Adachi
- Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
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16
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Branching mechanism of photoswitching in an Fe(II) polypyridyl complex explained by full singlet-triplet-quintet dynamics. Commun Chem 2023; 6:7. [PMID: 36697805 PMCID: PMC9829715 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00796-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
It has long been known that irradiation with visible light converts Fe(II) polypyridines from their low-spin (singlet) to high-spin (quintet) state, yet mechanistic interpretation of the photorelaxation remains controversial. Herein, we simulate the full singlet-triplet-quintet dynamics of the [Fe(terpy)2]2+ (terpy = 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine) complex in full dimension, in order to clarify the complex photodynamics. Importantly, we report a branching mechanism involving two sequential processes: a dominant 3MLCT→3MC(3T2g)→3MC(3T1g)→5MC, and a minor 3MLCT→3MC(3T2g)→5MC component. (MLCT = metal-to-ligand charge transfer, MC = metal-centered). While the direct 3MLCT→5MC mechanism is considered as a relevant alternative, we show that it could only be operative, and thus lead to competing pathways, in the absence of 3MC states. The quintet state is populated on the sub-picosecond timescale involving non-exponential dynamics and coherent Fe-N breathing oscillations. The results are in agreement with the available time-resolved experimental data on Fe(II) polypyridines, and fully describe the photorelaxation dynamics.
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17
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Antolini C, Spellman CD, Otolski CJ, Doumy G, March AM, Walko DA, Liu C, Zhang X, Young BT, Goodwill JE, Hayes D. Photochemical and Photophysical Dynamics of the Aqueous Ferrate(VI) Ion. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22514-22527. [PMID: 36454056 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Ferrate(VI) has the potential to play a key role in future water supplies. Its salts have been suggested as "green" alternatives to current advanced oxidation and disinfection methods in water treatment, especially when combined with ultraviolet light to stimulate generation of highly oxidizing Fe(V) and Fe(IV) species. However, the nature of these intermediates, the mechanisms by which they form, and their roles in downstream oxidation reactions remain unclear. Here, we use a combination of optical and X-ray transient absorption spectroscopies to study the formation, interconversion, and relaxation of several excited-state and metastable high-valent iron species following excitation of aqueous potassium ferrate(VI) by ultraviolet and visible light. Branching from the initially populated ligand-to-metal charge transfer state into independent photophysical and photochemical pathways occurs within tens of picoseconds, with the quantum yield for the generation of reactive Fe(V) species determined by relative rates of the competing intersystem crossing and reverse electron transfer processes. Relaxation of the metal-centered states then occurs within 4 ns, while the formation of metastable Fe(V) species occurs in several steps with time constants of 250 ps and 300 ns. Results here improve the mechanistic understanding of the formation and fate of Fe(V) and Fe(IV), which will accelerate the development of novel advanced oxidation processes for water treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cali Antolini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 45 Upper College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Charles D Spellman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rhode Island, 45 Upper College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Christopher J Otolski
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Gilles Doumy
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Anne Marie March
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Donald A Walko
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Cunming Liu
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Benjamin T Young
- Department of Physical Sciences, Rhode Island College, 600 Mt Pleasant Avenue, Providence, Rhode Island 02908, United States
| | - Joseph E Goodwill
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rhode Island, 45 Upper College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Dugan Hayes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 45 Upper College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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18
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Schmid L, Chábera P, Rüter I, Prescimone A, Meyer F, Yartsev A, Persson P, Wenger OS. Borylation in the Second Coordination Sphere of Fe II Cyanido Complexes and Its Impact on Their Electronic Structures and Excited-State Dynamics. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:15853-15863. [PMID: 36167335 PMCID: PMC9554916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
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Second coordination sphere interactions
of cyanido complexes with hydrogen-bonding solvents and Lewis acids
are known to influence their electronic structures, whereby the non-labile
attachment of B(C6F5)3 resulted in
several particularly interesting new compounds lately. Here, we investigate
the effects of borylation on the properties of two FeII cyanido complexes in a systematic manner by comparing five different
compounds and using a range of experimental techniques. Electrochemical
measurements indicate that borylation entails a stabilization of the
FeII-based t2g-like orbitals by up to 1.65 eV,
and this finding was confirmed by Mössbauer spectroscopy. This
change in the electronic structure has a profound impact on the UV–vis
absorption properties of the borylated complexes compared to the non-borylated
ones, shifting their metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) absorption
bands over a wide range. Ultrafast UV–vis transient absorption
spectroscopy provides insight into how borylation affects the excited-state
dynamics. The lowest metal-centered (MC) excited states become shorter-lived
in the borylated complexes compared to their cyanido analogues by
a factor of ∼10, possibly due to changes in outer-sphere reorganization
energies associated with their decay to the electronic ground state
as a result of B(C6F5)3 attachment
at the cyanido N lone pair. Borylation
in the second coordination sphere of two well-known
FeII cyanido complexes leads to isocyanoborato complexes.
The effects of borylation on their electronic structure and photophysical
properties are thoroughly investigated with a range of experimental
techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucius Schmid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pavel Chábera
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 12 4, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Isabelle Rüter
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alessandro Prescimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Arkady Yartsev
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 12 4, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Petter Persson
- Theoretical Chemistry Division, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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19
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Yamanaka KI, Sato K, Sato S, Nozawa S, Lee S, Fukaya R, Fukuzawa H, You D, Saito S, Takanashi T, Katayama T, Togashi T, Nonaka T, Dohmae K, Adachi SI, Ueda K, Yabashi M, Morikawa T, Asahi R. Ultrafast Charge-Transfer Dynamics in a Visible-Light-Excited Iridium(III) Terpyridine 2-Phenylpyridine Complex Studied by Femtosecond X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Koliyadu JCP, Letrun R, Kirkwood HJ, Liu J, Jiang M, Emons M, Bean R, Bellucci V, Bielecki J, Birnsteinova S, de Wijn R, Dietze T, E J, Grünert J, Kane D, Kim C, Kim Y, Lederer M, Manning B, Mills G, Morillo LL, Reimers N, Rompotis D, Round A, Sikorski M, Takem CMS, Vagovič P, Venkatesan S, Wang J, Wegner U, Mancuso AP, Sato T. Pump-probe capabilities at the SPB/SFX instrument of the European XFEL. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2022; 29:1273-1283. [PMID: 36073887 PMCID: PMC9455201 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577522006701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pump-probe experiments at X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) facilities are a powerful tool for studying dynamics at ultrafast and longer timescales. Observing the dynamics in diverse scientific cases requires optical laser systems with a wide range of wavelength, flexible pulse sequences and different pulse durations, especially in the pump source. Here, the pump-probe instrumentation available for measurements at the Single Particles, Clusters, and Biomolecules and Serial Femtosecond Crystallography (SPB/SFX) instrument of the European XFEL is reported. The temporal and spatial stability of this instrumentation is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Romain Letrun
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | - Jia Liu
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Man Jiang
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Moritz Emons
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Richard Bean
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Dietze
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Juncheng E
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Jan Grünert
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Daniel Kane
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Chan Kim
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Yoonhee Kim
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Max Lederer
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | - Grant Mills
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | - Nadja Reimers
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | - Adam Round
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5AZ, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Patrik Vagovič
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Jinxiong Wang
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Ulrike Wegner
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Adrian P. Mancuso
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Tokushi Sato
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
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21
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Li P, Zhou L, Zhao C, Ju H, Gao Q, Si W, Cheng L, Hao J, Li M, Chen Y, Jia C, Guo X. Single-molecule nano-optoelectronics: insights from physics. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2022; 85:086401. [PMID: 35623319 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac7401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule optoelectronic devices promise a potential solution for miniaturization and functionalization of silicon-based microelectronic circuits in the future. For decades of its fast development, this field has made significant progress in the synthesis of optoelectronic materials, the fabrication of single-molecule devices and the realization of optoelectronic functions. On the other hand, single-molecule optoelectronic devices offer a reliable platform to investigate the intrinsic physical phenomena and regulation rules of matters at the single-molecule level. To further realize and regulate the optoelectronic functions toward practical applications, it is necessary to clarify the intrinsic physical mechanisms of single-molecule optoelectronic nanodevices. Here, we provide a timely review to survey the physical phenomena and laws involved in single-molecule optoelectronic materials and devices, including charge effects, spin effects, exciton effects, vibronic effects, structural and orbital effects. In particular, we will systematically summarize the basics of molecular optoelectronic materials, and the physical effects and manipulations of single-molecule optoelectronic nanodevices. In addition, fundamentals of single-molecule electronics, which are basic of single-molecule optoelectronics, can also be found in this review. At last, we tend to focus the discussion on the opportunities and challenges arising in the field of single-molecule optoelectronics, and propose further potential breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihui Li
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Ju
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Gao
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Si
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Cheng
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Hao
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijian Chen
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuancheng Jia
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 292 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Guo
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 292 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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22
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Kim P, Valentine AJS, Roy S, Mills AW, Castellano FN, Li X, Chen LX. Ultrafast branching in intersystem crossing dynamics revealed by coherent vibrational wavepacket motions in a bimetallic Pt(II) complex. Faraday Discuss 2022; 237:259-273. [PMID: 35642929 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00009a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ultrafast excited state processes of transition metal complexes (TMCs) are governed by complicated interplays between electronic and nuclear dynamics, which demand a detailed understanding to achieve optimal functionalities of photoactive TMC-based materials for many applications. In this work, we investigated a cyclometalated platinum(II) dimer known to undergo a Pt-Pt bond contraction in the metal-metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer (MMLCT) excited state using femtosecond broadband transient absorption (fs-BBTA) spectroscopy in combination with geometry optimization and normal mode calculations. Using a sub-20 fs pump and broadband probe pulses in fs-BBTA spectroscopy, we were able to correlate the coherent vibrational wavepacket (CVWP) evolution with the stimulated emission (SE) dynamics of the 1MMLCT state. The results demonstrated that the 145 cm-1 CVWP motions with the damping times of ∼0.9 ps and ∼2 ps originate from coherent Pt-Pt stretching vibrations in the singlet and triplet MMLCT states, respectively. On the basis of excited state potential energy surface calculations in our previous work, we rationalized that the CVWP transfer from the Franck-Condon (FC) state to the 3MMLCT state was mediated by a triplet ligand-centered (3LC) intermediate state through two step intersystem crossing (ISC) on a time scale shorter than a period of the Pt-Pt stretching wavepacket motions. Moreover, it was found that the CVWP motion had 110 cm-1 frequency decays with the damping time of ∼0.2 ps, matching the time constant of 0.253 ps, corresponding to a redshift in the SE feature at early times. This observation indicates that the Pt-Pt bond contraction changes the stretching frequency from 110 to 145 cm-1 and stabilizes the 1MMLCT state relative to the 3LC state with a ∼0.2 ps time scale. Thus, the ultrafast ISC from the 1MMLCT to the 3LC states occurs before the Pt-Pt bond shortening. The findings herein provide insight into understanding the impact of Pt-Pt bond contraction on the ultrafast branching of the 1MMLCT population into the direct (1MMLCT → 3MMLCT) and indirect ISC pathways (1MMLCT → 3LC → 3MMLCT) in the Pt(II) dimer. These results revealed intricate excited state electronic and nuclear motions that could steer the reaction pathways with a level of detail that has not been achieved before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pyosang Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA. .,Chemical Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60349, USA
| | - Andrew J S Valentine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Subhangi Roy
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, USA
| | - Alexis W Mills
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, USA
| | - Xiaosong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Lin X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA. .,Chemical Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60349, USA
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23
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Chiral control of spin-crossover dynamics in Fe(II) complexes. Nat Chem 2022; 14:739-745. [PMID: 35618767 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-00933-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Iron-based spin-crossover complexes hold tremendous promise as multifunctional switches in molecular devices. However, real-world technological applications require the excited high-spin state to be kinetically stable-a feature that has been achieved only at cryogenic temperatures. Here we demonstrate high-spin-state trapping by controlling the chiral configuration of the prototypical iron(II)tris(4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine) in solution, associated for stereocontrol with the enantiopure Δ- or Λ-enantiomer of tris(3,4,5,6-tetrachlorobenzene-1,2-diolato-κ2O1,O2)phosphorus(V) (P(O2C6Cl4)3- or TRISPHAT) anions. We characterize the high-spin-state relaxation using broadband ultrafast circular dichroism spectroscopy in the deep ultraviolet in combination with transient absorption and anisotropy measurements. We find that the high-spin-state decay is accompanied by ultrafast changes of its optical activity, reflecting the coupling to a symmetry-breaking torsional twisting mode, contrary to the commonly assumed picture. The diastereoselective ion pairing suppresses the vibrational population of the identified reaction coordinate, thereby achieving a fourfold increase of the high-spin-state lifetime. More generally, our results motivate the synthetic control of the torsional modes of iron(II) complexes as a complementary route to manipulate their spin-crossover dynamics.
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24
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Uemura Y, Ismail ASM, Park SH, Kwon S, Kim M, Elnaggar H, Frati F, Wadati H, Hirata Y, Zhang Y, Yamagami K, Yamamoto S, Matsuda I, Halisdemir U, Koster G, Milne C, Ammann M, Weckhuysen BM, de Groot FMF. Hole Dynamics in Photoexcited Hematite Studied with Femtosecond Oxygen K-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4207-4214. [PMID: 35512383 PMCID: PMC9125685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hematite (α-Fe2O3) is a photoelectrode for the water splitting process because of its relatively narrow bandgap and abundance in the earth's crust. In this study, the photoexcited state of a hematite thin film was investigated with femtosecond oxygen K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the PAL-XFEL in order to follow the dynamics of its photoexcited states. The 200 fs decay time of the hole state in the valence band was observed via its corresponding XAS feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Uemura
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitslaan 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
- Laboratory
of Environmental Chemistry, Energy and Environment Research Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, 5232, Switzerland
- European
XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, Schenefeld, 22869, Germany
| | - Ahmed S. M. Ismail
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitslaan 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Sang Han Park
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Soonnam Kwon
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Minseok Kim
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Hebatalla Elnaggar
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitslaan 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Federica Frati
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitslaan 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Hiroki Wadati
- Institute
for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
- Graduate
School of Material Science, University of
Hyogo, Kamigori, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Hirata
- Institute
for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Institute
for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamagami
- Institute
for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Susumu Yamamoto
- Institute
for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Iwao Matsuda
- Institute
for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Ufuk Halisdemir
- Faculty
of
Science and Technology and MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 2171, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Gertjan Koster
- Faculty
of
Science and Technology and MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 2171, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher Milne
- European
XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, Schenefeld, 22869, Germany
- SwissFEL, Paul
Scherrer Institut, Villigen, 5232, Switzerland
| | - Markus Ammann
- Laboratory
of Environmental Chemistry, Energy and Environment Research Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, 5232, Switzerland
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitslaan 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Frank M. F. de Groot
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitslaan 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
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25
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Dynamics of Spin Crossover Molecular Complexes. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12101742. [PMID: 35630963 PMCID: PMC9144206 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We review the current understanding of the time scale and mechanisms associated with the change in spin state in transition metal-based spin crossover (SCO) molecular complexes. Most time resolved experiments, performed by optical techniques, rely on the intrinsic light-induced switching properties of this class of materials. The optically driven spin state transition can be mediated by a rich interplay of complexities including intermediate states in the spin state transition process, as well as intermolecular interactions, temperature, and strain. We emphasize here that the size reduction down to the nanoscale is essential for designing SCO systems that switch quickly as well as possibly retaining the memory of the light-driven state. We argue that SCO nano-sized systems are the key to device applications where the “write” speed is an important criterion.
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26
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Das A, Ghosh SK, Ramamurthy V, Sen P. Vibration-Assisted Intersystem Crossing in the Ultrafast Excited-State Relaxation Dynamics of Halocoumarins. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:1475-1485. [PMID: 35230832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c08489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to its numerous applications, triplet formation and resulting phosphorescence remain a frontier area of research for over eight decades. Facile intersystem crossing (ISC) is the primary requirement for triplet formation and observation of phosphorescence. The incorporation of a heavy atom in molecules is one of the common approaches employed to facilitate ISC. A detailed study of the excited state dynamics that governs ISC is necessary to understand the mechanism of heavy atom effect (HAE). Incorporation of iodine at the 3 position of coumarin-1 reduces fluorescence quantum yield (ϕf) drastically as expected, whereas bromine substitution at the same position increased the ϕf. Such a contrasting effect of the two heavy atoms suggests that there are other features yet to be discovered to fully understand the HAE. Detailed steady state and femtosecond transient absorption studies along with theoretical calculations suggest that the C3-X (X = Br, I) bond vibration plays an important role in the ISC process. The study reveals that while in the case of the iodo-derivative there is no energy barrier in the singlet triplet crossing path, there is a barrier in the case of the bromo-derivative, which slows the ISC process. Such an unexpected phenomenon is not limited to halocoumarins as this rationalizes the photobehavior of 1-bromo-/iodo-substituted naphthalenes as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-208 016, UP, India
| | - Sujit Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables 33146, Florida, United States
| | | | - Pratik Sen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-208 016, UP, India
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Ridier K, Nicolazzi W, Salmon L, Molnár G, Bousseksou A. Sequential Activation of Molecular and Macroscopic Spin-State Switching within the Hysteretic Region Following Pulsed Light Excitation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2105468. [PMID: 34817094 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Molecular spin-crossover (SCO) compounds constitute a promising class of photoactive materials exhibiting efficient photoinduced phase transitions (PIPTs). Taking advantage of the unique, picture-perfect reproducibility of the spin-transition properties in the compound [Fe(HB(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)3 )2 ], the spatiotemporal dynamics of the PIPT within the thermodynamic metastability (hysteretic) region of a single crystal is dissected, using pump-probe optical microscopy. Beyond a threshold laser-excitation density, complete PIPTs are evidenced, with conversion rates up to 200 switched molecules per absorbed photon. It is shown that the PIPT takes place through the sequential activation of two (molecular and macroscopic) switching mechanisms, occurring on sub-microsecond and millisecond timescales, governed by the intramolecular and free energy barriers of the system, respectively. The main finding here is that the thermodynamic metastability has strictly no influence on the sub-millisecond switching dynamics. Indeed, before this millisecond timescale, the response of the crystal to the laser excitation involves a gradual, molecular conversion process, as if there were no hysteresis loop. Consequently, in this regime, even a 100% photoinduced conversion may not give rise to a PIPT. These results provide new insight on the intrinsic dynamical limits of the PIPT, which is an important issue from a technological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Ridier
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS & Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, 31077, France
| | - William Nicolazzi
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS & Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, 31077, France
| | - Lionel Salmon
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS & Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, 31077, France
| | - Gábor Molnár
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS & Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, 31077, France
| | - Azzedine Bousseksou
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS & Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, 31077, France
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28
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Cebrían C, Pastore M, Monari A, Assfeld X, Gros PC, Haacke S. Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Fe(II) Complexes Designed for Solar Energy Conversion: Current Status and Open Questions. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202100659. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Stefan Haacke
- University of Strasbourg: Universite de Strasbourg IPCMS 23, rue du Loess 67034 Strasbourg FRANCE
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29
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Benchmarking Plane Waves Quantum Mechanical Calculations of Iron(II) Tris(2,2′-bipyridine) Complex by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. CONDENSED MATTER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/condmat7010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we used, for the first time, a computational Self-Consistent Field procedure based on plane waves to describe the low and high spin conformational states of the complex [Fe(bpy)3]2+. The results obtained in the study of the minimum energy structures of this complex, a prototype of a wide class of compounds called Spin Cross Over, show how the plane wave calculations are in line with the most recent studies based on gaussian basis set functions and, above all, reproduce within acceptable errors the experimental spectra of X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (XANES). This preliminary study shows the capabilities of plane wave methods to correctly describe the molecular structures of metal-organic complexes of this type and paves the way for future even complex computational simulations based on the energy gradient, such as Nudge Elastic Band or ab-initio Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics.
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30
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Jay RM, Kunnus K, Wernet P, Gaffney KJ. Capturing Atom-Specific Electronic Structural Dynamics of Transition-Metal Complexes with Ultrafast Soft X-Ray Spectroscopy. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2022; 73:187-208. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-082820-020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The atomic specificity of X-ray spectroscopies provides a distinct perspective on molecular electronic structure. For 3 d metal coordination and organometallic complexes, the combination of metal- and ligand-specific X-ray spectroscopies directly interrogates metal–ligand covalency—the hybridization of metal and ligand electronic states. Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS), the X-ray analog of resonance Raman scattering, provides access to all classes of valence excited states in transition-metal complexes, making it a particularly powerful means of characterizing the valence electronic structure of 3 d metal complexes. Recent advances in X-ray free-electron laser sources have enabled RIXS to be extended to the ultrafast time domain. We review RIXS studies of two archetypical photochemical processes: charge-transfer excitation in ferricyanide and ligand photodissociation in iron pentacarbonyl. These studies demonstrate femtosecond-resolution RIXS can directly characterize the time-evolving electronic structure, including the evolution of the metal–ligand covalency. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, Volume 73 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael M. Jay
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;,
| | - Kristjan Kunnus
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Philippe Wernet
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;,
| | - Kelly J. Gaffney
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, California, USA
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31
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Gournay L, Chaban I, Mevellec JY, Humbert B, Janod E, Guerin L, Cammarata M, Daro N, Chastanet G, Collet E. Shifting photo-stationary light-induced excited spin state trapping equilibrium towards higher temperature by increasing light fluence. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Choi EH, Lee Y, Heo J, Ihee H. Reaction dynamics studied via femtosecond X-ray liquidography at X-ray free-electron lasers. Chem Sci 2022; 13:8457-8490. [PMID: 35974755 PMCID: PMC9337737 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00502f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) provide femtosecond X-ray pulses suitable for pump–probe time-resolved studies with a femtosecond time resolution. Since the advent of the first XFEL in 2009, recent years have witnessed a great number of applications with various pump–probe techniques at XFELs. Among these, time-resolved X-ray liquidography (TRXL) is a powerful method for visualizing structural dynamics in the liquid solution phase. Here, we classify various chemical and biological molecular systems studied via femtosecond TRXL (fs-TRXL) at XFELs, depending on the focus of the studied process, into (i) bond cleavage and formation, (ii) charge distribution and electron transfer, (iii) orientational dynamics, (iv) solvation dynamics, (v) coherent nuclear wavepacket dynamics, and (vi) protein structural dynamics, and provide a brief review on each category. We also lay out a plausible roadmap for future fs-TRXL studies for areas that have not been explored yet. Femtosecond X-ray liquidography using X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) visualizes various aspects of reaction dynamics.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hyuk Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Advanced Reaction Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunbeom Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Advanced Reaction Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Heo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Advanced Reaction Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyotcherl Ihee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Advanced Reaction Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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33
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zerdane S, Herve M, Mazerat S, CATALA L, Mori RA, Glownia JM, Song S, Levantino M, Mallah T, Cammarata M, Collet E. Out-of-equilibrium dynamics driven by photoinduced charge transfer in CsCoFe Prussian Blue Analogue nanocrystals. Faraday Discuss 2022; 237:224-236. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00015f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we study the out-of-equilibrium dynamics associated with photoinduced charge-transfer (CT) in cyanide-bridged Co-Fe Prussian blue analogue nanocrystals. In these coordination networks, the structural trapping of the photoinduced...
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34
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Zobel JP, Heindl M, Plasser F, Mai S, González L. Surface Hopping Dynamics on Vibronic Coupling Models. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:3760-3771. [PMID: 34570472 PMCID: PMC8529708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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The simulation of photoinduced non-adiabatic dynamics is of great
relevance in many scientific disciplines, ranging from physics and
materials science to chemistry and biology. Upon light irradiation,
different relaxation processes take place in which electronic and
nuclear motion are intimately coupled. These are best described by
the time-dependent molecular Schrödinger equation, but its
solution poses fundamental practical challenges to contemporary theoretical
chemistry. Two widely used and complementary approaches to this problem
are multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree (MCTDH) and trajectory
surface hopping (SH). MCTDH is an accurate fully quantum-mechanical
technique but often is feasible only in reduced dimensionality, in
combination with approximate vibronic coupling (VC) Hamiltonians,
or both (i.e., reduced-dimensional VC potentials). In contrast, SH
is a quantum–classical technique that neglects most nuclear
quantum effects but allows nuclear dynamics in full dimensionality
by calculating potential energy surfaces on the fly. If nuclear quantum
effects do not play a central role and a linear VC (LVC) Hamiltonian
is appropriate—e.g., for stiff molecules that generally keep
their conformation in the excited state—then it seems advantageous
to combine the efficient LVC and SH techniques. In this Account, we
describe how surface hopping based on an LVC Hamiltonian (SH/LVC)—as
recently implemented in the SHARC surface hopping package—can
provide an economical and automated approach to simulate non-adiabatic
dynamics. First, we illustrate the potential of SH/LVC in a number
of showcases, including intersystem crossing in SO2, intra-Rydberg
dynamics in acetone, and several photophysical studies on large transition-metal
complexes, which would be much more demanding or impossible to perform
with other methods. While all of the applications provide very useful
insights into light-induced phenomena, they also hint at difficulties
faced by the SH/LVC methodology that need to be addressed in the future.
Second, we contend that the SH/LVC approach can be useful to benchmark
SH itself. By the use of the same (LVC) potentials as MCTDH calculations
have employed for decades and by relying on the efficiency of SH/LVC,
it is possible to directly compare multiple SH test calculations with
a MCTDH reference and ponder the accuracy of various correction algorithms
behind the SH methodology, such as decoherence corrections or momentum
rescaling schemes. Third, we demonstrate how the efficiency of SH/LVC
can also be exploited to identify essential nuclear and electronic
degrees of freedom to be employed in more accurate MCTDH calculations.
Lastly, we show that SH/LVC is able to advance the development of
SH protocols that can describe nuclear dynamics including explicit
laser fields—a very challenging endeavor for trajectory-based
schemes. To end, this Account compiles the typical costs of contemporary
SH simulations, evidencing the great advantages of using parametrized
potentials. The LVC model is a sleeping beauty that, kissed by SH,
is fueling the field of excited-state molecular dynamics. We hope
that this Account will stimulate future research in this direction,
leveraging the advantages of the SH/VC schemes to larger extents and
extending their applicability to uncharted territories.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Patrick Zobel
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 19, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Moritz Heindl
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 19, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Felix Plasser
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian Mai
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 19, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Leticia González
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 19, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Research Platform on Accelerating Photoreaction Discovery, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 19, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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35
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Gakiya-Teruya M, Jiang X, Le D, Üngör Ö, Durrani AJ, Koptur-Palenchar JJ, Jiang J, Jiang T, Meisel MW, Cheng HP, Zhang XG, Zhang XX, Rahman TS, Hebard AF, Shatruk M. Asymmetric Design of Spin-Crossover Complexes to Increase the Volatility for Surface Deposition. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14563-14572. [PMID: 34472348 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A mononuclear complex [Fe(tBu2qsal)2] has been obtained by a reaction between an Fe(II) precursor salt and a tridentate ligand 2,4-di(tert-butyl)-6-((quinoline-8-ylimino)methyl)phenol (tBu2qsalH) in the presence of triethylamine. The complex exhibits a hysteretic spin transition at 117 K upon cooling and 129 K upon warming, as well as light-induced excited spin-state trapping at lower temperatures. Although the strongly cooperative spin transition suggests substantial intermolecular interactions, the complex is readily sublimable, as evidenced by the growth of its single crystals by sublimation at 573 → 373 K and ∼10-3 mbar. This seemingly antagonistic behavior is explained by the asymmetric coordination environment, in which the tBu substituents and quinoline moieties appear on opposite sides of the complex. As a result, the structure is partitioned in well-defined layers separated by van der Waals interactions between the tBu groups, while the efficient cooperative interactions within the layer are provided by the quinoline-based moieties. The abrupt spin transition is preserved in a 20 nm thin film prepared by sublimation, as evidenced by abrupt and hysteretic changes in the dielectric properties in the temperature range comparable to the one around which the spin transition is observed for the bulk material. The changes in the dielectric response are in excellent agreement with differences in the dielectric tensor of the low-spin and high-spin crystal structures evaluated by density functional theory calculations. The substantially higher volatility of [Fe(tBu2qsal)2], as compared to a similar complex without tBu substituents, suggests that asymmetric molecular shapes offer an efficient design strategy to achieve sublimable complexes with strongly cooperative spin transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Gakiya-Teruya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Xuanyuan Jiang
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Duy Le
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Ökten Üngör
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Abdullah J Durrani
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | | | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Mark W Meisel
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.,National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Hai-Ping Cheng
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Xiao-Guang Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Xiao-Xiao Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Talat S Rahman
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Arthur F Hebard
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Michael Shatruk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States.,National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
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36
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Zobel JP, González L. The Quest to Simulate Excited-State Dynamics of Transition Metal Complexes. JACS AU 2021; 1:1116-1140. [PMID: 34467353 PMCID: PMC8397362 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This Perspective describes current computational efforts in the field of simulating photodynamics of transition metal complexes. We present the typical workflows and feature the strengths and limitations of the different contemporary approaches. From electronic structure methods suitable to describe transition metal complexes to approaches able to simulate their nuclear dynamics under the effect of light, we give particular attention to build a bridge between theory and experiment by critically discussing the different models commonly adopted in the interpretation of spectroscopic experiments and the simulation of particular observables. Thereby, we review all the studies of excited-state dynamics on transition metal complexes, both in gas phase and in solution from reduced to full dimensionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Patrick Zobel
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 19, 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Leticia González
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 19, 1090 Vienna Austria
- Vienna
Research Platform on Accelerating Photoreaction Discovery, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 19, 1090 Vienna Austria
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37
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Kim P, Valentine AJS, Roy S, Mills AW, Chakraborty A, Castellano FN, Li X, Chen LX. Ultrafast Excited-State Dynamics of Photoluminescent Pt(II) Dimers Probed by a Coherent Vibrational Wavepacket. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:6794-6803. [PMID: 34270259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Intricate potential energy surfaces (PESs) of some transition metal complexes (TMCs) pose challenges in mapping out initial excited-state pathways that could influence photochemical outcomes. Ultrafast intersystem crossing (ISC) dynamics of four structurally related platinum(II) dimer complexes were examined by detecting their coherent vibrational wavepacket (CVWP) motions of Pt-Pt stretching mode in the metal-metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer excited states. Structurally dependent CVWP behaviors (frequency, dephasing time, and oscillation amplitudes) were captured by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, analyzed by short-time Fourier transformation, and rationalized by quantum mechanical calculations, revealing dual ISC pathways. The results suggest that the ligands could fine-tune the PESs to influence the proximity of the conical intersections of the excited states with the Franck-Condon state and thus to control the branching ratio of the dual ISC pathways. This comparative study presents future opportunities in control excited-state trajectories of TMCs via ligand structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pyosang Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Chemical Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Andrew J S Valentine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Subhangi Roy
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Alexis W Mills
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Arnab Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Xiaosong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Lin X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Chemical Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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38
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Gaffney KJ. Capturing photochemical and photophysical transformations in iron complexes with ultrafast X-ray spectroscopy and scattering. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8010-8025. [PMID: 34194691 PMCID: PMC8208315 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01864g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-driven chemical transformations provide a compelling approach to understanding chemical reactivity with the potential to use this understanding to advance solar energy and catalysis applications. Capturing the non-equilibrium trajectories of electronic excited states with precision, particularly for transition metal complexes, would provide a foundation for advancing both of these objectives. Of particular importance for 3d metal compounds is characterizing the population dynamics of charge-transfer (CT) and metal-centered (MC) electronic excited states and understanding how the inner coordination sphere structural dynamics mediate the interaction between these states. Recent advances in ultrafast X-ray laser science has enabled the electronic excited state dynamics in 3d metal complexes to be followed with unprecedented detail. This review will focus on simultaneous X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and X-ray solution scattering (XSS) studies of iron coordination and organometallic complexes. These simultaneous XES-XSS studies have provided detailed insight into the mechanism of light-induced spin crossover in iron coordination compounds, the interaction of CT and MC excited states in iron carbene photosensitizers, and the mechanism of Fe-S bond dissociation in cytochrome c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J Gaffney
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University Menlo Park California 94025 USA
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39
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Bacellar C, Kinschel D, Cannelli O, Sorokin B, Katayama T, Mancini GF, Rouxel JR, Obara Y, Nishitani J, Ito H, Ito T, Kurahashi N, Higashimura C, Kudo S, Cirelli C, Knopp G, Nass K, Johnson PJM, Wach A, Szlachetko J, Lima FA, Milne CJ, Yabashi M, Suzuki T, Misawa K, Chergui M. Femtosecond X-ray spectroscopy of haem proteins. Faraday Discuss 2021; 228:312-328. [PMID: 33565544 DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00131g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We discuss our recently reported femtosecond (fs) X-ray emission spectroscopy results on the ligand dissociation and recombination in nitrosylmyoglobin (MbNO) in the context of previous studies on ferrous haem proteins. We also present a preliminary account of femtosecond X-ray absorption studies on MbNO, pointing to the presence of more than one species formed upon photolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Bacellar
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide (LSU), Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Dominik Kinschel
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide (LSU), Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Oliviero Cannelli
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide (LSU), Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Boris Sorokin
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide (LSU), Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Tetsuo Katayama
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Giulia F Mancini
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide (LSU), Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Jeremy R Rouxel
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide (LSU), Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Yuki Obara
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Junichi Nishitani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hironori Ito
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Terumasa Ito
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Naoya Kurahashi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Kioicho, 7-1, Chiyoda, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chika Higashimura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shotaro Kudo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Claudio Cirelli
- SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Knopp
- SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Karol Nass
- SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | - Anna Wach
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jakub Szlachetko
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland
| | | | | | - Makina Yabashi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Toshinori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Misawa
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Majed Chergui
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide (LSU), Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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40
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Paulus BC, Nielsen KC, Tichnell CR, Carey MC, McCusker JK. A Modular Approach to Light Capture and Synthetic Tuning of the Excited-State Properties of Fe(II)-Based Chromophores. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8086-8098. [PMID: 34014077 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of chromophores based on earth-abundant transition metals whose photophysical properties are dominated by their charge-transfer excited states has inspired considerable research over the past decade. One challenge associated with this effort is satisfying the dual requirements of a strong ligand field and chemical tunability of the compound's absorptive cross-section. Herein we explore one possible approach using a heteroleptic compositional motif that combines both of these attributes into a single compound. With the parent complex [Fe(phen)3]2+ (1; where phen is 1,10-phenanthroline) as the starting material, replacement of one of the phen ligands for two cyanides to obtain Fe(phen)2(CN)2 (2) allows for conversion to [Fe(phen)2(C4H10N4)]2+ (3), a six-coordinate Fe(II) complex whose coordination sphere consists of two chelating polypyridyl ligands and one bidentate carbene-based donor. Ground-state absorption spectra of all three compounds exhibit 1A1 → 1MLCT transition(s) associated with the phen ligands that are relatively insensitive to the identity of the third counterligand(s). Ultrafast time-resolved electronic absorption measurements revealed lifetimes for the MLCT excited states of compounds 1 and 2 of 180 ± 30 and 250 ± 90 fs, respectively, values that are typical for iron(II)-based polypyridyl complexes. The corresponding kinetics for compound 3 were substantially slower at 7.4 ± 0.9 ps; the spectral evolution associated with these dynamics confirms that these kinetics are tracking the MLCT excited state and, more importantly, are coupled to ground-state recovery from this excited state. The data are interpreted in terms of a modulation of the relative energies of the MLCT and ligand-field states across the series, leading to a systematic destabilization of metal-localized ligand-field excited states such that the low-energy portions of the charge-transfer and ligand-field manifolds are at or near an energetic inversion point in compound 3. We believe these results illustrate the potential for a modular, orthogonal approach to chromophore design in which part of the coordination sphere can be targeted for light absorption while another can be used to tune electronic-state energetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan C Paulus
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Karl C Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Christopher R Tichnell
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Monica C Carey
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - James K McCusker
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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41
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Rankine CD, Penfold TJ. Progress in the Theory of X-ray Spectroscopy: From Quantum Chemistry to Machine Learning and Ultrafast Dynamics. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:4276-4293. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c11267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. D. Rankine
- Chemistry—School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - T. J. Penfold
- Chemistry—School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K
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42
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A self-referenced in-situ arrival time monitor for X-ray free-electron lasers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3562. [PMID: 33574378 PMCID: PMC7878505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82597-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a novel, highly versatile, and self-referenced arrival time monitor for measuring the femtosecond time delay between a hard X-ray pulse from a free-electron laser and an optical laser pulse, measured directly on the same sample used for pump-probe experiments. Two chirped and picosecond long optical supercontinuum pulses traverse the sample with a mutually fixed time delay of 970 fs, while a femtosecond X-ray pulse arrives at an instant in between both pulses. Behind the sample the supercontinuum pulses are temporally overlapped to yield near-perfect destructive interference in the absence of the X-ray pulse. Stimulation of the sample with an X-ray pulse delivers non-zero contributions at certain optical wavelengths, which serve as a measure of the relative arrival time of the X-ray pulse with an accuracy of better than 25 fs. We find an excellent agreement of our monitor with the existing timing diagnostics at the SACLA XFEL with a Pearson correlation value of 0.98. We demonstrate a high sensitivity to measure X-ray pulses with pulse energies as low as 30 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\upmu $$\end{document}μJ. Using a free-flowing liquid jet as interaction sample ensures the full replacement of the sample volume for each X-ray/optical event, thus enabling its utility even at MHz repetition rate XFEL sources.
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43
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Barlow K, Johansson JO. Ultrafast photoinduced dynamics in Prussian blue analogues. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:8118-8131. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00535a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A review on ultrafast photoinduced processes in molecule-based magnets with an emphasis on Prussian blue analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Barlow
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of Edinburgh
- David Brewster Road
- Edinburgh
- UK
| | - J. Olof Johansson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of Edinburgh
- David Brewster Road
- Edinburgh
- UK
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44
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Charge transfer driven by ultrafast spin transition in a CoFe Prussian blue analogue. Nat Chem 2020; 13:10-14. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-00597-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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45
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Iuchi S, Koga N. A model electronic Hamiltonian to describe low-lying d-d and metal-to-ligand charge-transfer excited states of [Fe(bpy) 3 ] 2. J Comput Chem 2020; 42:166-179. [PMID: 33146893 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A simple practical method to compute both d-d and metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) excited states of iron(II) polypyridyl complexes is proposed for use in simulation studies. Specifically, a model electronic Hamiltonian developed previously for d-d excited states of [Fe(bpy)3 ]2+ is extended to deal with low-lying MLCT excited states simultaneously by including the MLCT electronic configurations into the basis functions of the model Hamiltonian. As a first attempt, parameters in the model Hamiltonian matrix elements are determined by using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent (TD-)DFT calculation results as benchmarks. To examine the performance of the model Hamiltonian, the potential energy curves along the interpolation between the lowest singlet and quintet state structures are compared to those from the (TD-)DFT calculations and to those from CASPT2 calculations in literature. The electronic absorption spectrum computed through molecular dynamics simulation is compared to the experimental spectrum. The spin-orbit couplings at the ground state structure are also compared to those from wavefunction-based ab initio electronic structure calculations. The results indicate that the constructed model Hamiltonian provides reasonable information on both the low-lying d-d and MLCT excited states of [Fe(bpy)3 ]2+ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Iuchi
- Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Koga
- Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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46
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Kuramochi H, Aoyama G, Okajima H, Sakamoto A, Kanegawa S, Sato O, Takeuchi S, Tahara T. Femtosecond Polarization Switching in the Crystal of a [CrCo] Dinuclear Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Kuramochi
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory RIKEN, and Ultrafast Spectroscopy Research Team RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics (RAP) 2-1 Hirosawa Wako 351-0198 Japan
- JST, PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
- Current address: Research Center of Integrative Molecular Systems (CIMoS) Institute for Molecular Science 38 Nishigo-Naka, Myodaiji Okazaki 444-8585 Japan
| | - Genki Aoyama
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science College of Science and Engineering Aoyama Gakuin University 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-5258 Japan
| | - Hajime Okajima
- JST, PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science College of Science and Engineering Aoyama Gakuin University 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-5258 Japan
| | - Akira Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science College of Science and Engineering Aoyama Gakuin University 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-5258 Japan
| | - Shinji Kanegawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Osamu Sato
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Satoshi Takeuchi
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory RIKEN, and Ultrafast Spectroscopy Research Team RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics (RAP) 2-1 Hirosawa Wako 351-0198 Japan
- Current address: Graduate School of Material Science University of Hyogo 3-2-1 Kohto Kamigori Hyogo 678-1297 Japan
| | - Tahei Tahara
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory RIKEN, and Ultrafast Spectroscopy Research Team RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics (RAP) 2-1 Hirosawa Wako 351-0198 Japan
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48
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Zobel JP, Bokareva OS, Zimmer P, Wölper C, Bauer M, González L. Intersystem Crossing and Triplet Dynamics in an Iron(II) N-Heterocyclic Carbene Photosensitizer. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:14666-14678. [PMID: 32869981 PMCID: PMC7581298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The electronic excited
states of the iron(II) complex [FeII(tpy)(pyz-NHC)]2+ [tpy = 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine; pyz-NHC
= 1,1′-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)pyrazinyldiimidazolium-2,2′-diylidene]
and their relaxation pathways have been theoretically investigated.
To this purpose, trajectory surface-hopping simulations within a linear
vibronic coupling model including a 244-dimensional potential energy
surface (PES) with 20 singlet and 20 triplet coupled states have been
used. The simulations show that, after excitation to the lowest-energy
absorption band of predominant metal-to-ligand charge-transfer character
involving the tpy ligand, almost 80% of the population undergoes intersystem
crossing to the triplet manifold in about 50 fs, while the remaining
20% decays through internal conversion to the electronic ground state
in about 300 fs. The population transferred to the triplet states
is found to deactivate into two different regions of the PESs, one
where the static dipole moment is small and shows increased metal-centered
character and another with a large static dipole moment, where the
electron density is transferred from the tpy to pyz-NHC ligand. Coherent
oscillations of 400 fs are observed between these two sets of triplet
populations, until the mixture equilibrates to a ratio of 60:40. Finally,
the importance of selecting suitable normal modes is highlighted—a
choice that can be far from straightforward in transition-metal complexes
with hundreds of degrees of freedom. Trajectory
surface-hopping simulations with a linear vibronic coupling model
reveal the competition of major intersystem crossing versus minor
internal conversion dynamics in an iron(II) N-heterocyclic carbene
dye. The triplet population bifurcates into two regions of the potential
energy surfaces, characterized by small and large static dipole moments
due to different electronic character and showing coherent oscillations
of 400 fs until both triplet populations coexist in a mixture of 60:40.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Patrick Zobel
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 19, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Olga S Bokareva
- Institute of Physics, Rostock University, Albert Einstein Straße 23-24, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Peter Zimmer
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department and Center for Sustainable Systems Design (CSSD), Paderborn University, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Department for X-Ray Diffraction, Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department and Center for Sustainable Systems Design (CSSD), Paderborn University, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Leticia González
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 19, 1090 Vienna, Austria.,Vienna Research Platform on Accelerating Photoreaction Discovery, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 19, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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49
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Chen HT, Zhou Z, Subotnik JE. On the proper derivation of the Floquet-based quantum classical Liouville equation and surface hopping describing a molecule or material subject to an external field. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:044116. [PMID: 32752688 DOI: 10.1063/5.0013873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate different approaches to derive the proper Floquet-based quantum-classical Liouville equation (F-QCLE) for laser-driven electron-nuclear dynamics. The first approach projects the operator form of the standard QCLE onto the diabatic Floquet basis and then transforms to the adiabatic representation. The second approach directly projects the QCLE onto the Floquet adiabatic basis. Both approaches yield a form that is similar to the usual QCLE with two modifications: (1) The electronic degrees of freedom are expanded to infinite dimension and (2) the nuclear motion follows Floquet quasi-energy surfaces. However, the second approach includes an additional cross derivative force due to the dual dependence on time and nuclear motion of the Floquet adiabatic states. Our analysis and numerical tests indicate that this cross derivative force is a fictitious artifact, suggesting that one cannot safely exchange the order of Floquet state projection with adiabatic transformation. Our results are in accord with similar findings by Izmaylov et al., [J. Chem. Phys. 140, 084104 (2014)] who found that transforming to the adiabatic representation must always be the last operation applied, although now we have extended this result to a time-dependent Hamiltonian. This paper and the proper derivation of the F-QCLE should lay the basis for further improvements of Floquet surface hopping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Ta Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Zeyu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Joseph E Subotnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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50
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Kuramochi H, Aoyama G, Okajima H, Sakamoto A, Kanegawa S, Sato O, Takeuchi S, Tahara T. Femtosecond Polarization Switching in the Crystal of a [CrCo] Dinuclear Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:15865-15869. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Kuramochi
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory RIKEN, and Ultrafast Spectroscopy Research Team RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics (RAP) 2-1 Hirosawa Wako 351-0198 Japan
- JST, PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
- Current address: Research Center of Integrative Molecular Systems (CIMoS) Institute for Molecular Science 38 Nishigo-Naka, Myodaiji Okazaki 444-8585 Japan
| | - Genki Aoyama
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science College of Science and Engineering Aoyama Gakuin University 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-5258 Japan
| | - Hajime Okajima
- JST, PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science College of Science and Engineering Aoyama Gakuin University 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-5258 Japan
| | - Akira Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science College of Science and Engineering Aoyama Gakuin University 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-5258 Japan
| | - Shinji Kanegawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Osamu Sato
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Satoshi Takeuchi
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory RIKEN, and Ultrafast Spectroscopy Research Team RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics (RAP) 2-1 Hirosawa Wako 351-0198 Japan
- Current address: Graduate School of Material Science University of Hyogo 3-2-1 Kohto Kamigori Hyogo 678-1297 Japan
| | - Tahei Tahara
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory RIKEN, and Ultrafast Spectroscopy Research Team RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics (RAP) 2-1 Hirosawa Wako 351-0198 Japan
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