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Padula L, Fisher E, Strbo N. "All for One and One for All": The Secreted Heat Shock Protein gp96-Ig Based Vaccines. Cells 2023; 13:72. [PMID: 38201276 PMCID: PMC10778431 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been 50 years since Peter Charles Doherty and Rolf M Zinkernagel proposed the principle of "simultaneous dual recognition", according to which adaptive immune cells recognized "self" and "non-self" simultaneously to establish immunological efficacy. These two scientists shared the 1996 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for this discovery. Their basic immunological principle became the foundation for the development of numerous vaccine approaches against infectious diseases and tumors, including promising strategies grounded on the use of recombinant gp96-Ig developed by our lab over the last two decades. In this review, we will highlight three major principles of the gp96-Ig vaccine strategy: (1) presentation of pathogenic antigens to T cells (specificity); (2) activation of innate immune responses (adjuvanticity); (3) priming of T cells to home to the epithelial compartments (mucosal immunity). In summary, we provide a paradigm for a vaccine approach that can be rapidly engineered and customized for any future pathogens that require induction of effective tissue-resident memory responses in epithelial tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Natasa Strbo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (L.P.); (E.F.)
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2
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Xia Y, Wang H, Zhang J, Wang Y. Prognostic value and adverse events of cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in primary advanced and platinum-sensitive recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Hyperthermia 2023; 40:2165729. [PMID: 36775583 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2023.2165729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The original meta-analysis of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is already outdated, owing to the latest trial results. This study aimed to clarify the efficacy and adverse events of cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC compared to conventional therapy for advanced and platinum-sensitive recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (OC). METHODS In this meta-analysis, phase II/III controlled trials regarding 'HIPEC' and 'ovarian cancer' were searched for in electronic databases from inception to March 2022. RESULTS Twenty-one studies were included in the quantitative synthesis. The pooled hazard ratio [HR] in the HIPEC group for progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45-0.83, p = .002) and overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.51-0.82, p < .001) were improved in the HIPEC group compared with the non-HIPEC group. For primary advanced disease, OS and PFS were significantly increased in patients receiving interval debulking surgery + HIPEC, whereas PFS was not significantly different between primary debulking surgery (PDS) + HIPEC and PDS alone. For platinum-sensitive recurrent disease, no correlation was observed for PFS and OS between the HIPEC and non-HIPEC groups (p < .05). The incidence of procedure-related complications was higher in the HIPEC group than in the non-HIPEC group (odds ratio = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.24-3.01, p < .01). The morbidity of leukopenia, neutropenia, nausea, hypoalbuminemia, and grades III-IV electrolyte disturbance was higher in the HIPEC group than in the non-HIPEC group. However, HIPEC administration reduced the risk of intra-abdominal bleeding and constipation. CONCLUSION HIPEC-based regimens improved the clinical prognosis for primary advanced OC, whereas no significant value was elicited for recurrent OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xia
- School of Clinical Medical, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
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3
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Zhou K, Li S, Zhao Y, Cheng K. Mechanisms of drug resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1127071. [PMID: 36845142 PMCID: PMC9944349 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the form of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 have become the frontier of cancer treatment and successfully prolonged the survival of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). But the efficacy varies among different patient population, and many patients succumb to disease progression after an initial response to ICIs. Current research highlights the heterogeneity of resistance mechanisms and the critical role of tumor microenvironment (TME) in ICIs resistance. In this review, we discussed the mechanisms of ICIs resistance in NSCLC, and proposed strategies to overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexun Zhou
- Abdominal Oncology Ward, Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Abdominal Oncology Ward, Division of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- Abdominal Oncology Ward, Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Abdominal Oncology Ward, Division of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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4
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Padula L, Fisher E, Rivas K, Podack K, Frasca D, Kupritz J, Seavey MM, Jayaraman P, Dixon E, Jasuja R, Strbo N. Secreted heat shock protein gp96-Ig and OX40L-Fc combination vaccine enhances SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein-specific B and T cell immune responses. Vaccine X 2022; 12:100202. [PMID: 35936992 PMCID: PMC9347141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2022.100202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
gp96-Ig-S-OX40L-Fc vaccine enhances S-specific IgG responses. gp96-Ig-S-OX40L-Fc vaccine enhances TFH cell responses. gp96-Ig-S-OX40L-Fc vaccine enhances lungs S-specific CD8 + T cell responses.
Encouraging protection results from current mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine platforms are primarily due to the induction of SARS- CoV-2- specific B cell antibody and CD4 + T cell. Even though, current mRNA vaccine platforms are adept in inducing SARS-CoV2-specific CD8 + T cell, much less is known about CD8 T cells contribution to the overall vaccine protection. Our allogeneic cellular vaccine, based on a secreted form of the heat-shock protein gp96-Ig, achieves high frequencies of polyclonal CD8 + T cell responses to tumor and infectious antigens through antigen cross-priming in vivo. We and others have shown that gp96-Ig, in addition to antigen-specific CD8 + T cell anti-tumor and anti-pathogen immunity, primes antibody responses as well. Here, we generated a cell-based vaccine that expresses SARS-Cov-2 Spike (S) protein and simultaneously secretes gp96-Ig and OX40L-Fc fusion proteins. We show that co-secretion of gp96-Ig-S peptide complexes and the OX40L-Fc costimulatory fusion protein in allogeneic cell lines results in enhanced activation of S protein-specific IgG antibody responses. These findings were further strengthened by the observation that this vaccine platform induces T follicular helper cells (TFH) and protein-S -specific CD8 + T cells. Thus, a cell-based gp96-Ig vaccine/OX40-L fusion protein regimen provides encouraging translational data that this vaccine platform induces pathogen-specific CD8+, CD4 + T and B cell responses, and may cohesively work as a booster for FDA-approved vaccines. Our vaccine platform can be rapidly engineered and customized based on other current and future pathogen sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Padula
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Eva Fisher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Katelyn Rivas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kristin Podack
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Daniela Frasca
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jonah Kupritz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Eric Dixon
- Heat Biologics, Inc. Morrisville, NC, USA
| | | | - Natasa Strbo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Corresponding author at: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10 Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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5
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Chen Y, Yi X, Sun N, Guo W, Li C. Epigenetics Regulates Antitumor Immunity in Melanoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:868786. [PMID: 35693795 PMCID: PMC9174518 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.868786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most malignant skin cancer, which originates from epidermal melanocytes, with increasing worldwide incidence. The escape of immune surveillance is a hallmark of the tumor, which is manifested by the imbalance between the enhanced immune evasion of tumor cells and the impaired antitumor capacity of infiltrating immune cells. According to this notion, the invigoration of the exhausted immune cells by immune checkpoint blockades has gained encouraging outcomes in eliminating tumor cells and significantly prolonged the survival of patients, particularly in melanoma. Epigenetics is a pivotal non-genomic modulatory paradigm referring to heritable changes in gene expression without altering genome sequence, including DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNAs, and m6A RNA methylation. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated how the dysregulation of epigenetics regulates multiple biological behaviors of tumor cells and contributes to carcinogenesis and tumor progression in melanoma. Nevertheless, the linkage between epigenetics and antitumor immunity, as well as its implication in melanoma immunotherapy, remains elusive. In this review, we first introduce the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and therapeutic innovations of melanoma. Then, the tumor microenvironment and the functions of different types of infiltrating immune cells are discussed, with an emphasis on their involvement in antitumor immunity in melanoma. Subsequently, we systemically summarize the linkage between epigenetics and antitumor immunity in melanoma, from the perspective of distinct paradigms of epigenetics. Ultimately, the progression of the clinical trials regarding epigenetics-based melanoma immunotherapy is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiuli Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ningyue Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weinan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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6
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Nayak DA, Binder RJ. Agents of cancer immunosurveillance: HSPs and dsDNA. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:404-413. [PMID: 35382994 PMCID: PMC9058224 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Tumor immunosurveillance requires tumor cell-derived molecules to initiate responses through corresponding receptors on antigen presenting cells (APCs) and a specific effector response designed to eliminate the emerging tumor cells. This is supported by evidence from immunodeficient individuals and experimental animals. Recent discoveries suggest that adjuvanticity of tumor-derived heat shock proteins (HSPs) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) are necessary for tumor-specific immunity. There is also the obligatory early transfer of tumor antigens to APCs. We argue that tumor-derived HSPs deliver sufficient chaperoned antigen for cross-priming within the quantitative limits set by nascent tumors. In contrast to late-stage tumors, we are only just beginning to understand the unique interactions of the immune system with precancerous/nascent neoplastic cells, which is important for improved cancer prevention measures.
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7
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Induction of Foxp3 and activation of Tregs by HSP gp96 for treatment of autoimmune diseases. iScience 2021; 24:103445. [PMID: 34877502 PMCID: PMC8633978 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Upregulation and stabilization of Foxp3 expression in Tregs are essential for regulating Treg function and immune homeostasis. In this study, gp96 immunization showed obvious therapeutic effects in a Lyn–/– mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus. Moreover, gp96 alleviated the initiation and progression of MOG-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Immunization of gp96 increased Treg frequency, expansion, and suppressive function. Gene expression profiling identified the NF-κB family member p65 and c-Rel as the key transcription factors for enhanced Foxp3 expression in Treg by gp96. Mutant gp96 within its Toll-like receptor (TLR) binding domain, TLR2 knockout mice, and mice with cell-specific deletion of MyD88, were used to demonstrate that gp96 activated Tregs and induced Foxp3 expression via a TLR2-MyD88-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway. Taken together, these results show that gp96 immunization restricted antibody-induced and Th-induced autoimmune diseases by integrating Treg expansion and activation, indicating its potential clinical usefulness against autoimmune diseases. SLE symptoms in Lyn–/– mice are ameliorated by gp96 immunization Tregs expanded by gp96 provide potential in suppressing Th-mediated EAE Gp96 promotes Treg proliferation, stability, and suppressive function Gp96 binds to and activates Treg in a TLR2-MyD88-NF-кB-Foxp3 pathway
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8
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Tunable heat shock protein-mediated NK cell responses are orchestrated by STAT1 in Antigen Presenting Cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16106. [PMID: 34373574 PMCID: PMC8352880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95578-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The release of Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) from aberrant cells can initiate immune responses following engagement of the HSPs with antigen presenting cells (APCs). This is an important mechanism for cancer immunosurveillance and can also be modeled by vaccination with HSPs through various routes, targeting specific APCs expressing the HSP receptor CD91. Immunological outcomes can be varied as a result of the broad expression of CD91 in different dendritic cell and macrophage populations. We investigated the cellular response of different APCs to the prototypical immunogenic HSP, gp96, in the context of Th1 immunity. Although APCs generally express similar levels of the HSP receptor CD91, we uncovered APC-distinct, downstream signaling pathways activating STAT1, and differential STAT1 induced genes. As a result of this differential and unique signaling we determined that gp96-activated macrophages, but not DCs are capable of activating NK cells to produce IFN-\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\gamma$$\end{document}γ. These data demonstrate that different APC subsets elicit unique intracellular signaling responses to HSPs which result in different patterns of downstream cellular activation and immune responses. Collectively this provides a novel tunable and autochthonous immune response to extracellular HSPs which has important implications on the development of immunity to cancer and infectious disease, as well as homeostasis.
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9
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Karagianni P, Tzioufas AG. Epigenetic perspectives on systemic autoimmune disease. J Autoimmun 2019; 104:102315. [PMID: 31421964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are characterized by increased reactivity of the immune system towards self-antigens, causing tissue damage. Although their etiology remains largely unknown, genetic, microbial, environmental and psychological factors are recognized as contributing elements. Epigenetic changes, including covalent modifications of the DNA and histones, are critical signaling mediators between the genome and the environment, and thus potent regulators of cellular functions. The most extensively studied epigenetic modifications are Cytosine DNA methylation and histone acetylation and methylation on various residues. These are thought to affect chromatin structure and binding of specific effectors that regulate transcription, replication, and other processes. Recent studies have uncovered significant epigenetic alterations in cells or tissues derived from autoimmune disease patients compared to samples from healthy individuals and have linked them with disease phenotypes. Epigenetic changes in specific genes correlate with upregulated or downregulated transcription. For instance, in many systems, reduced DNA methylation and increased histone acetylation of interferon-inducible genes correlate with their increased expression in autoimmune disease patients. Also, reduced DNA methylation of retroelements has been proposed as an activating mechanism and has been linked with increased immune reactivity, while epigenetic differences on the X chromosome could indicate incomplete dosage compensation and explain to some extent the increased susceptibility of females over males towards the development of most autoimmune diseases. Besides changes in epigenetic modifications, differences in the levels of many enzymes catalyzing the addition or removal of these marks as well as proteins that recognize them and function as effector molecules have also been detected in autoimmune patients. Although the existing knowledge cannot fully explain whether epigenetic alterations cause or follow the increased immune activation, their characterization is very useful for understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms and complements genetic and clinical studies. Furthermore, specific epigenetic marks have the potential to serve as biomarkers for disease status, prognosis, and response to treatment. Finally, epigenetic factors are currently being examined as candidate therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Karagianni
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Mikras Asias Str 75, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios G Tzioufas
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Mikras Asias Str 75, 115 27, Athens, Greece.
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10
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Shahoei SH, Kim YC, Cler SJ, Ma L, Anakk S, Kemper JK, Nelson ER. Small Heterodimer Partner Regulates Dichotomous T Cell Expansion by Macrophages. Endocrinology 2019; 160:1573-1589. [PMID: 31050726 PMCID: PMC6549582 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of small heterodimer partner (SHP) in the inhibition of hepatic bile acid synthesis from cholesterol has been established. However, extrahepatic expression of SHP implies that SHP may have regulatory functions other than those in the liver. Here, we find that SHP mRNA expression is high in murine bone marrow cells, suggesting a physiological role within macrophages. Indeed, expression of SHP in macrophages decreases the transcriptional activity and nuclear localization of nuclear factor κB, whereas downregulation of SHP has the opposite effects. Expression of genes associated with macrophage-T cell crosstalk were altered by overexpression or downregulation of SHP. Intriguingly, increasing SHP expression in macrophages resulted in decreased T cell expansion, a hallmark of T cell activation, whereas knockdown of SHP resulted in increased expansion. Analyses of the expanded T cells revealed a dichotomous skewing between effector T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs), with SHP overexpression reducing Tregs and downregulation of SHP increasing their expansion. The expanded Tregs were confirmed to be suppressive via adoptive transfers. IL-2 and TGF-β, known inducers of Treg differentiation, were found to be regulated by SHP. Furthermore, SHP occupancy at the promoter region of IL-2 was increased after macrophages were challenged with lipopolysaccharide. Neutralizing antibodies to IL-2 and TGF-β inhibited the expansion of Tregs mediated by downregulation of SHP. This study demonstrates that expression and activity of SHP within macrophages can alter T cell fate and identifies SHP as a potential therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases or solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayyed Hamed Shahoei
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Young-Chae Kim
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Samuel J Cler
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Liqian Ma
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Sayeepriyadarshini Anakk
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Jongsook K Kemper
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Erik R Nelson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Anticancer Discovery from Pets to People Theme, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Correspondence: Erik R. Nelson, PhD, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 407 South Goodwin Avenue (MC-114), Urbana, Illinois 61801. E-mail:
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11
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Zheng H, Liu L, Zhang H, Kan F, Wang S, Li Y, Tian H, Meng S. Dendritic cells pulsed with placental gp96 promote tumor-reactive immune responses. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211490. [PMID: 30703157 PMCID: PMC6354997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Defining and loading of immunogenic and safe cancer antigens remain a major challenge for designing dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccines. In this study, we defined a prototype strategy of using DC-based vaccines pulsed with placenta-derived heat shock protein gp96 to induces anti-tumor T cell responses. Placental gp96 was efficiently taken up by CD11c+ bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) and resulted in moderate BMDC maturation. Splenocytes and cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) generated with mouse BMDCs pulsed with placental gp96 specifically lysed B16 melanoma and LLC lung carcinoma cells. In both transplantable melanoma and lung carcinoma mice models, immunization with placental gp96-stimulated BMDCs led to a significant decrease in tumor growth and mouse mortality with respect to mice treated with liver gp96-pulsed BMDCs or placental gp96 alone. This vaccine induced strong cross-reactive tumor-specific T cell responses. Our results revealed that DCs pulsed with placenta-derived gp96 represent an effective immunotherapy to induce tumor-reactive immune responses, possibly via loading DCs with its associated carcinoembryonic antigens.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/transplantation
- Female
- Immunotherapy
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Placenta/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaguo Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Lanlan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Han Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Fangming Kan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Huaqin Tian
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Songdong Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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12
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Meyers JL, Winans B, Kelsaw E, Murthy A, Gerber S, Lawrence BP. Environmental cues received during development shape dendritic cell responses later in life. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207007. [PMID: 30412605 PMCID: PMC6226176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental signals mediated via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) shape the developing immune system and influence immune function. Developmental exposure to AHR binding chemicals causes persistent changes in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses later in life, including dampened clonal expansion and differentiation during influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Naïve T cells require activation by dendritic cells (DCs), and AHR ligands modulate the function of DCs from adult organisms. Yet, the consequences of developmental AHR activation by exogenous ligands on DCs later in life has not been examined. We report here that early life activation of AHR durably reduces the ability of DC to activate naïve IAV-specific CD8+ T cells; however, activation of naïve CD4+ T cells was not impaired. Also, DCs from developmentally exposed offspring migrated more poorly than DCs from control dams in both in vivo and ex vivo assessments of DC migration. Conditional knockout mice, which lack Ahr in CD11c lineage cells, suggest that dampened DC emigration is intrinsic to DCs. Yet, levels of chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7), a key regulator of DC trafficking, were generally unaffected. Gene expression analyses reveal changes in Lrp1, Itgam, and Fcgr1 expression, and point to alterations in genes that regulate DC migration and antigen processing and presentation as being among pathways disrupted by inappropriate AHR signaling during development. These studies establish that AHR activation during development causes long-lasting changes to DCs, and provide new information regarding how early life environmental cues shape immune function later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Meyers
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Bethany Winans
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Erin Kelsaw
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Aditi Murthy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Scott Gerber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - B. Paige Lawrence
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
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Wang Y, Sedlacek AL, Pawaria S, Xu H, Scott MJ, Binder RJ. Cutting Edge: The Heat Shock Protein gp96 Activates Inflammasome-Signaling Platforms in APCs. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 201:2209-2214. [PMID: 30209191 PMCID: PMC6176107 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Several heat shock proteins (HSPs) prime immune responses, which are, in part, a result of activation of APCs. APCs respond to these immunogenic HSPs by upregulating costimulatory molecules and secreting cytokines, including IL-1β. These HSP-mediated responses are central mediators in pathological conditions ranging from cancer, sterile inflammation associated with trauma, and rheumatoid arthritis. We tested in this study the requirement of inflammasomes in the release of IL-1β by one immunogenic HSP, gp96. Our results show that murine APCs activate NLRP3 inflammasomes in response to gp96 by K+ efflux. This is shown to initiate inflammatory conditions in vivo in the absence of additional known inflammasome activators or infection. These results document a novel mechanism by which proteins of endogenous origin, the HSPs, can modulate an inflammatory response following their release from aberrant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Wang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Abigail L Sedlacek
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Sudesh Pawaria
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, MA 01655
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003 Jiangsu, China; and
| | - Melanie J Scott
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Robert J Binder
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261;
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14
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Pockley AG, Henderson B. Extracellular cell stress (heat shock) proteins-immune responses and disease: an overview. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 373:rstb.2016.0522. [PMID: 29203707 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular cell stress proteins are highly conserved phylogenetically and have been shown to act as powerful signalling agonists and receptors for selected ligands in several different settings. They also act as immunostimulatory 'danger signals' for the innate and adaptive immune systems. Other studies have shown that cell stress proteins and the induction of immune reactivity to self-cell stress proteins can attenuate disease processes. Some proteins (e.g. Hsp60, Hsp70, gp96) exhibit both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties, depending on the context in which they encounter responding immune cells. The burgeoning literature reporting the presence of stress proteins in a range of biological fluids in healthy individuals/non-diseased settings, the association of extracellular stress protein levels with a plethora of clinical and pathological conditions and the selective expression of a membrane form of Hsp70 on cancer cells now supports the concept that extracellular cell stress proteins are involved in maintaining/regulating organismal homeostasis and in disease processes and phenotype. Cell stress proteins, therefore, form a biologically complex extracellular cell stress protein network having diverse biological, homeostatic and immunomodulatory properties, the understanding of which offers exciting opportunities for delivering novel approaches to predict, identify, diagnose, manage and treat disease.This article is part of the theme issue 'Heat shock proteins as modulators and therapeutic targets of chronic disease: an integrated perspective'.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Graham Pockley
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Brian Henderson
- Division of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London WC1X 8LD, UK
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15
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Binder RJ. Immunosurveillance of cancer and the heat shock protein-CD91 pathway. Cell Immunol 2018; 343:103814. [PMID: 29784128 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular functions of heat shock proteins (HSPs) as chaperones of macromolecules are well known. Current observations point to a role of these chaperones in initiating and modulating immune responses to tumors via receptor(s) on dendritic cells. In this article we provide an insight into, and a basis for, the importance of these HSP-mediated immune responses in rejecting nascent and emerging tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Binder
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States.
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16
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Charonis AS, Michalak M, Groenendyk J, Agellon LB. Endoplasmic reticulum in health and disease: the 12th International Calreticulin Workshop, Delphi, Greece. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:3141-3149. [PMID: 29160038 PMCID: PMC5706586 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Starting from 1994, every 2 years, an international workshop is organized focused on calreticulin and other endoplasmic reticulum chaperones. In 2017, the workshop took place at Delphi Greece. Participants from North and South America, Europe, Asia and Australia presented their recent data and discussed them extensively with their colleagues. Presentations dealt with structural aspects of calreticulin and calnexin, the role of Ca2+ in cellular signalling and in autophagy, the endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response, the role of calreticulin in immune responses. Several presentations focused on the role of calreticulin and other ER chaperones in a variety of disease states, including haemophilia, obesity, diabetes, Sjogren's syndrome, Chagas diseases, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, neurological malignancies (especially glioblastoma), haematological malignancies (especially essential thrombocythemia and myelofibrosis), lung adenocarcinoma, renal pathology with emphasis in fibrosis and drug toxicity. In addition, the role of calreticulin and calnexin in growth and wound healing was discussed, as well as the possible use of extracellular calreticulin as a marker for certain diseases. It was agreed that the 13th International Calreticulin Workshop will be organized in 2019 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marek Michalak
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jody Groenendyk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Luis B Agellon
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
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