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Miao SN, Chai MQ, Liu XY, Wei CY, Zhang CC, Sun NN, Fei QZ, Peng LL, Qiu H. Exercise accelerates recruitment of CD8 + T cell to promotes anti-tumor immunity in lung cancer via epinephrine. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:474. [PMID: 38622609 PMCID: PMC11021002 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In recent years, there has been extensive research on the role of exercise as an adjunctive therapy for cancer. However, the potential mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor therapy of exercise in lung cancer remain to be fully elucidated. As such, our study aims to confirm whether exercise-induced elevation of epinephrine can accelerate CD8+ T cell recruitment through modulation of chemokines and thus ultimately inhibit tumor progression. METHOD C57BL/6 mice were subcutaneously inoculated with Lewis lung cancer cells (LLCs) to establish a subcutaneous tumor model. The tumor mice were randomly divided into different groups to performed a moderate-intensity exercise program on a treadmill for 5 consecutive days a week, 45 min a day. The blood samples and tumor tissues were collected after exercise for IHC, RT-qPCR, ELISA and Western blot. In addition, another group of mice received daily epinephrine treatment for two weeks (0.05 mg/mL, 200 µL i.p.) (EPI, n = 8) to replicate the effects of exercise on tumors in vivo. Lewis lung cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of epinephrine (0, 5, 10, 20 µM) to detect the effect of epinephrine on chemokine levels via ELISA and RT-qPCR. RESULTS This study reveals that both pre- and post-cancer exercise effectively impede the tumor progression. Exercise led to an increase in EPI levels and the infiltration of CD8+ T cell into the lung tumor. Exercise-induced elevation of EPI is involved in the regulation of Ccl5 and Cxcl10 levels further leading to enhanced CD8+ T cell infiltration and ultimately inhibiting tumor progression. CONCLUSION Exercise training enhance the anti-tumor immunity of lung cancer individuals. These findings will provide valuable insights for the future application of exercise therapy in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai-Nan Miao
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Meng-Qi Chai
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Liu
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng-Yu Wei
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Cun-Cun Zhang
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Ning-Ning Sun
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Qing-Ze Fei
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Lin-Lin Peng
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Huan Qiu
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China.
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Tobias GC, Gomes JLP, Fernandes LG, Voltarelli VA, de Almeida NR, Jannig PR, de Souza RWA, Negrão CE, Oliveira EM, Chammas R, Alves CRR, Brum PC. Aerobic exercise training mitigates tumor growth and cancer-induced splenomegaly through modulation of non-platelet platelet factor 4 expression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21970. [PMID: 38081853 PMCID: PMC10713653 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47217-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise training reduces the incidence of several cancers, but the mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood. Exercise training can affect the spleen function, which controls the hematopoiesis and immune response. Analyzing different cancer models, we identified that 4T1, LLC, and CT26 tumor-bearing mice displayed enlarged spleen (splenomegaly), and exercise training reduced spleen mass toward control levels in two of these models (LLC and CT26). Exercise training also slowed tumor growth in melanoma B16F10, colon tumor 26 (CT26), and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumor-bearing mice, with minor effects in mammary carcinoma 4T1, MDA-MB-231, and MMTV-PyMT mice. In silico analyses using transcriptome profiles derived from these models revealed that platelet factor 4 (Pf4) is one of the main upregulated genes associated with splenomegaly during cancer progression. To understand whether exercise training would modulate the expression of these genes in the tumor and spleen, we investigated particularly the CT26 model, which displayed splenomegaly and had a clear response to the exercise training effects. RT-qPCR analysis confirmed that trained CT26 tumor-bearing mice had decreased Pf4 mRNA levels in both the tumor and spleen when compared to untrained CT26 tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, exercise training specifically decreased Pf4 mRNA levels in the CT26 tumor cells. Aspirin treatment did not change tumor growth, splenomegaly, and tumor Pf4 mRNA levels, confirming that exercise decreased non-platelet Pf4 mRNA levels. Finally, tumor Pf4 mRNA levels are deregulated in The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) samples and predict survival in multiple cancer types. This highlights the potential therapeutic value of exercise as a complementary approach to cancer treatment and underscores the importance of understanding the exercise-induced transcriptional changes in the spleen for the development of novel cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel C Tobias
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil.
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - João L P Gomes
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Larissa G Fernandes
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Vanessa A Voltarelli
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ney R de Almeida
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Paulo R Jannig
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rodrigo W Alves de Souza
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Carlos E Negrão
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edilamar M Oliveira
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christiano R R Alves
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Patricia C Brum
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil.
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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de Souza Teixeira AA, Biondo L, Silveira LS, Lima EA, Diniz TA, Lira FS, Seelaender M, Rosa Neto JC. Exercise training induces alteration of clock genes and myokines expression in tumor-bearing mice. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1383-1394. [PMID: 37877577 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the impact of different exercise training schedules (following a fixed schedule or at random times of the day) on clock genes and myokine expression patterns in the skeletal muscle of tumor-bearing mice. Mice were divided into three groups: tumor (LLC), tumor + exercise training (LLC + T) always performed at the same time of the day (ZT2) and exercise training at random times of the day (ZTAlt). Mice were inoculated subcutaneously with Lewis lung carcinoma cells. The gastrocnemius muscle was dissected and the clock gene expression (Clock/Per1/Per2/Per3/Rev-Erbα/GAPDH) was investigated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction with SYBR® Green. Myokine content in muscle (tumour necrosis factor alpha/IL-10/IL-4) was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. At the end of the protocol, the trained groups showed a reduction in total weight, when compared to Lewis lung carcinoma. Tumor weight was lower in the LLC + T (ZTAlt), when compared to LLC. Clock gene mRNA expression showed a significant increase for ZT20 in the groups that performed physical exercise at LLC + T (ZTAlt), when compared with LLC. The Per family showed increased mRNA expression in ZT4 in both trained mice groups, when compared with LLC. LLC + T (ZTAlt) presented reduction of the expression of anti-inflammatory myokines (Il-10/IL-4) during the night, compared with LLC + T(ZT2). Exercise training is able to induce marked modification of clock gene expression and of the production of myokines, in a way that is dependent on schedule exercise training strategy. Taken together, the results show that exercise is a potent Zeitgeber and may thus contribute to change clock genes expression and myokines that are able to reduce the tumor weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Abilio de Souza Teixeira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Immunometabolism Research Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Biondo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Immunometabolism Research Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Loreana Sanches Silveira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Immunometabolism Research Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edson A Lima
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Immunometabolism Research Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiego A Diniz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Immunometabolism Research Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio Santos Lira
- Department of Physical Education, Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Postgraduation Program in Movement Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
- CIDAF, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marilia Seelaender
- Department of Surgery and LIM26 HC-USP, Cancer Metabolism Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Cesar Rosa Neto
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Immunometabolism Research Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Li CH, Lim SH, Jeong YI, Ryu HH, Jung S. Synergistic Effects of Radiotherapy With JNK Inhibitor-Incorporated Nanoparticle in an Intracranial Lewis Lung Carcinoma Mouse Models. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2023; 22:845-854. [PMID: 37022021 DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2023.3238687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiosurgery has been recognized as a reasonable treatment for metastatic brain tumors. Increasing the radiosensitivity and synergistic effects are possible ways to improve the therapeutic efficacy of specific regions of tumors. c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling regulates H2AX phosphorylation to repair radiation-induced DNA breakage. We previously showed that blocking JNK signaling influenced radiosensitivity in vitro and in an in vivo mouse tumor model. Drugs can be incorporated into nanoparticles to produce a slow-release effect. This study assessed JNK radiosensitivity following the slow release of the JNK inhibitor SP600125 from a poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (LGEsese) block copolymer in a brain tumor model. MATERIALS AND METHODS A LGEsese block copolymer was synthesized to fabricate SP600125-incorporated nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation and dialysis methods. The chemical structure of the LGEsese block copolymer was confirmed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The physicochemical and morphological properties were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging and measured with particle size analyzer. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability to the JNK inhibitor was estimated by BBBflammaTM 440-dye-labeled SP600125. The effects of the JNK inhibitor were investigated using SP600125-incorporated nanoparticles and by optical bioluminescence, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and a survival assay in a mouse brain tumor model for Lewis lung cancer (LLC)-Fluc cells. DNA damage was estimated by histone γ H2AX expression and apoptosis was assessed by the immunohistochemical examination of cleaved caspase 3. RESULTS The SP600125-incorporated nanoparticles of the LGEsese block copolymer were spherical and released SP600125 continuously for 24h. The use of BBBflammaTM 440-dye-labeled SP600125 demonstrated the ability of SP600125 to cross the BBB. The blockade of JNK signaling with SP600125-incorporated nanoparticles significantly delayed mouse brain tumor growth and prolonged mouse survival after radiotherapy. γ H2AX, which mediates DNA repair protein, was reduced and the apoptotic protein cleaved-caspase 3 was increased by the combination of radiation and SP600125-incorporated nanoparticles.
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Ye Z, Pan J, Yin Z, Wang S, Li Y, Cai X, Zheng H, Cao Z. Dendritic cells infected with recombinant adenoviral vector encoding mouse fibroblast activation protein-α and human livin α exert an antitumor effect against Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1011. [PMID: 37773704 PMCID: PMC10523997 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP) and livin α are considered as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor-specific targets, respectively, for immunogenic tumor vaccines. This study is designed to decipher the antitumor effect of double-gene modified dendritic cells (DCs) on Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC). METHODS By encoding mouse FAP cDNA and human livin α (i.e., hlivin α) cDNA into recombinant adenoviral vector (rAd), rAd-FAP, rAd-hlivin α, and rAd-FAP/hlivin α were constructed, which were then transduced into mouse DCs. LLC-bearinig mice were immunized with the infected DCs (5 × 105 cells/mouse), followed by calculation of tumor volume and survival rate. The identification of CAFs from mouse LLC as well as the determination on expressions of FAP and livin α, was accomplished by western blot. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte assay was harnessed to assess the effect of the infected DCs on inducing splenic lymphocytes to lyse CAFs. RESULTS DCs were successfully transduced with rAd-FAP/hlivin α in vitro. FAP was highly expressed in CAFs. CAFs were positive for α-SMA and negative for CD45 and CD31. Livin α level was upregulated in mouse LLC. Immunization with rAd-FAP/hlivin α-transduced DCs suppressed LLC volume and improved the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Immunization with rAd-FAP/hlivin α-transduced DCs enhanced the cytotoxic effect of splenic lymphocytes on LLC tumor-derived CAFs. CONCLUSION Injection with rAd-FAP/hlivin α-transduced DCs promotes immune-enhanced tumor microenvironment by decreasing CAFs and suppresses tumor growth in LLC mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiting Ye
- Department of RadiologyThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityLishuiZhejiangChina
| | - Jiongwei Pan
- Department of RespiratoryThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityLishuiZhejiangChina
| | - Zhangyong Yin
- Department of RespiratoryThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityLishuiZhejiangChina
| | - Shuanghu Wang
- Department of MedicineLishui People's HospitalLishuiZhejiangChina
| | - Yuling Li
- Department of RespiratoryThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityLishuiZhejiangChina
| | - Xiaoping Cai
- Department of RespiratoryThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityLishuiZhejiangChina
| | - Hao Zheng
- Department of RespiratoryThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityLishuiZhejiangChina
| | - Zhuo Cao
- Department of RespiratoryThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityLishuiZhejiangChina
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Kogan EA, Meerovich GA, Karshieva SS, Makarova EA, Romanishkin ID, Akhlyustina EV, Meerovich IG, Zharkov NV, Koudan EV, Demura TA, Loschenov VB. Photodynamic therapy of lung cancer with photosensitizers based on polycationic derivatives of synthetic bacteriochlorin (experimental study). Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103647. [PMID: 37271489 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the tasks of anticancer photodynamic therapy is increasing the efficacy of treatment of cancer nodes with large (clinically relevant) sizes using near-infrared photosensitizers (PS). METHODS The anticancer efficacy and mechanisms of the photodynamic action of PS based on polycationic derivatives of synthetic bacteriochlorin against Lewis lung carcinoma were studied in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS It was found that studied PS have high phototoxicity against Lewis lung carcinoma cells: the IC50 values were about 0.8 μM for tetracationic PS and 0.5 μM for octacationic PS. In vivo studies have shown that these PS provide effective inhibition of the tumor growth with an increase in the lifespan of mice in the group by more than 130%, and more than 50% survival of mice in the group. CONCLUSIONS Photosensitizers based on polycationic derivatives of synthetic bacteriochlorin have high photodynamic efficacy caused by the induction of necrosis and apoptosis of cancer cells, including cancer stem cells, and a sharp decrease of mitotic and proliferative activity. Studied polycationic photosensitizers are much more effective at destroying cancer stem cells and newly formed cancer vessels in comparison with anionic photosensitizers, and ensure the cessation of tumor blood flow without hemorrhages and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniya A Kogan
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Gennady A Meerovich
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI", Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Saida Sh Karshieva
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow 115478, Russia; National University of Science and Technology MISIS, Moscow 119049, Russia
| | | | - Igor D Romanishkin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | | | - Irina G Meerovich
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Nikolai V Zharkov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Elizaveta V Koudan
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - Tatiana A Demura
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Victor B Loschenov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI", Moscow 115409, Russia
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Reijmen E, De Mey S, Van Damme H, De Ridder K, Gevaert T, De Blay E, Bouwens L, Collen C, Decoster L, De Couck M, Laoui D, De Grève J, De Ridder M, Gidron Y, Goyvaerts C. Transcutaneous Vagal Nerve Stimulation Alone or in Combination With Radiotherapy Stimulates Lung Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes But Fails to Suppress Tumor Growth. Front Immunol 2021; 12:772555. [PMID: 34925341 PMCID: PMC8671299 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.772555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of radiotherapy (RT) with immunotherapy represents a promising treatment modality for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. As only a minority of patients shows a persistent response today, a spacious optimization window remains to be explored. Previously we showed that fractionated RT can induce a local immunosuppressive profile. Based on the evolving concept of an immunomodulatory role for vagal nerve stimulation (VNS), we tested its therapeutic and immunological effects alone and in combination with fractionated RT in a preclinical-translational study. Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing C57Bl/6 mice were treated with VNS, fractionated RT or the combination while a patient cohort with locally advanced NSCLC receiving concurrent radiochemotherapy (ccRTCT) was enrolled in a clinical trial to receive either sham or effective VNS daily during their 6 weeks of ccRTCT treatment. Preclinically, VNS alone or with RT showed no therapeutic effect yet VNS alone significantly enhanced the activation profile of intratumoral CD8+ T cells by upregulating their IFN-γ and CD137 expression. In the periphery, VNS reduced the RT-mediated rise of splenic, but not blood-derived, regulatory T cells (Treg) and monocytes. In accordance, the serological levels of protumoral CXCL5 next to two Treg-attracting chemokines CCL1 and CCL22 were reduced upon VNS monotherapy. In line with our preclinical findings on the lack of immunological changes in blood circulating immune cells upon VNS, immune monitoring of the peripheral blood of VNS treated NSCLC patients (n=7) did not show any significant changes compared to ccRTCT alone. As our preclinical data do suggest that VNS intensifies the stimulatory profile of the tumor infiltrated CD8+ T cells, this favors further research into non-invasive VNS to optimize current response rates to RT-immunotherapy in lung cancer patients.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/radiotherapy
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/radiotherapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/therapy
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Female
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Middle Aged
- Tumor Burden
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Reijmen
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sven De Mey
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Centre University Hospital Brussels (Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Helena Van Damme
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kirsten De Ridder
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thierry Gevaert
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Centre University Hospital Brussels (Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emmy De Blay
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Bouwens
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christine Collen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Centre University Hospital Brussels (Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lore Decoster
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Department of Medical Oncology, Oncologisch Centrum, Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marijke De Couck
- Department of Public Health, Mental Health and Wellbeing Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Faculty of Health Care, University College Odisee, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Damya Laoui
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques De Grève
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Department of Medical Oncology, Oncologisch Centrum, Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mark De Ridder
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Centre University Hospital Brussels (Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yori Gidron
- Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Cleo Goyvaerts
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Sun J, Zhang J, Hu H, Qin H, Liao X, Wang F, Zhang W, Yin Q, Su X, He Y, Li W, Wang K, Li Q. Anti-tumour effect of neo-antigen-reactive T cells induced by RNA mutanome vaccine in mouse lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:3255-3268. [PMID: 34291357 PMCID: PMC8484245 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03735-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mutation-specific T-cell response to epithelial cancers and T-cell-based immunotherapy has been successfully used to treat several human solid cancers. We aimed to investigate the anti-tumour effect of neo-antigen-reactive T(NRT) cells induced by RNA mutanome vaccine, which may serve as a feasible and effective therapeutic approach for lung cancer. METHODS We predicted candidate neo-antigens according to the mutant gene analysis by sequencing the mouse Lewis cells and C57BL/6 mouse tail tissue. RNA vaccine was prepared with the neo-antigens as the template. We assessed antitumor efficacy, cytokine secretion and pathological changes after adoptive transfer of NRT cells in vitro and vivo experiments. RESULTS We identified 10 non-synonymous somatic mutations and successfully generated NRT cells. The percentage of T-cell activation proportion was increased from 0.072% in conventional T cells to 9.96% in NRT cells. Interferon-γ secretion augmented from 17.8 to 24.2% as well. As an in vivo model, adoptive NRT cell infusion could promote active T-cell infiltration into the tumour tissue and could delay tumour progression. CONCLUSION NRT cells induced by RNA mutanome vaccine exert a significant anti-tumour effect in mouse lung cancer, and adoptive NRT cell therapy might be considered a feasible, effective therapeutic approach for lung cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Point Mutation
- Random Allocation
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/transplantation
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/pharmacology
- mRNA Vaccines
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huan Qin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ximing Liao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feilong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Yin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Su
- School of Basic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Tea Mountain Higher Education Park, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanan He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfeng Li
- Department of Chemoradiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Olivo Pimentel V, Marcus D, van der Wiel AM, Lieuwes NG, Biemans R, Lieverse RI, Neri D, Theys J, Yaromina A, Dubois LJ, Lambin P. Releasing the brakes of tumor immunity with anti-PD-L1 and pushing its accelerator with L19-IL2 cures poorly immunogenic tumors when combined with radiotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e001764. [PMID: 33688020 PMCID: PMC7944996 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poorly immunogenic tumors are hardly responsive to immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and are, therefore, a therapeutic challenge. Combination with other immunotherapies and/or immunogenic therapies, such as radiotherapy (RT), could make these tumors more immune responsive. We have previously shown that the immunocytokine L19-IL2 combined with single-dose RT resulted in 75% tumor remission and a 20% curative abscopal effect in the T cell-inflamed C51 colon carcinoma model. This treatment schedule was associated with the upregulation of inhibitory immune checkpoint (IC) molecules on tumor-infiltrating T cells, leading to only tumor growth delay in the poorly immunogenic Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) model. METHODS We aimed to trigger curative therapeutic responses in three tumor models (LLC, C51 and CT26) by "pushing the accelerator" of tumor immunity with L19-IL2 and/or "releasing the brakes" with ICB, such as antibodies directed against cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), programmed death 1 (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1), combined with single-dose RT (10 Gy or 5 Gy). Primary tumor endpoint was defined as time to reach four times the size of tumor volume at start of treatment (4T×SV). Multivariate analysis of 4T×SV was performed using the Cox proportional hazards model comparing each treatment group with controls. Causal involvement of T and natural killer (NK) cells in the anti-tumor effect was assessed by in vivo depletion of T, NK or both cell populations. Immune profiling was performed using flow cytometry on single cell suspensions from spleens, bone marrow, tumors and blood. RESULTS Combining RT, anti-PD-L1 and L19-IL2 cured 38% of LLC tumors, which was both CD8+ T and NK cell dependent. LLC tumors were resistant to RT +anti-PD-L1 likely explained by the upregulation of other IC molecules and increased T regulatory cell tumor infiltration. RT+L19-IL2 outperformed RT+ICB in C51 tumors; effects were comparable in CT26 tumors. Triple combinations were not superior to RT+L19-IL2 in both these models. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that combinatorial strategies rationally designed on biological effects can turn immunotherapy-resistant tumors into immunologically responsive tumors. This hypothesis is currently being tested in the international multicentric randomized phase 2 trial: ImmunoSABR (NCT03705403).
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- B7-H1 Antigen/antagonists & inhibitors
- B7-H1 Antigen/metabolism
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- CTLA-4 Antigen/antagonists & inhibitors
- CTLA-4 Antigen/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chemoradiotherapy
- Coculture Techniques
- Colonic Neoplasms/immunology
- Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Colonic Neoplasms/pathology
- Colonic Neoplasms/therapy
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Immunologic Memory/drug effects
- Immunomodulating Agents/pharmacology
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Memory T Cells/drug effects
- Memory T Cells/immunology
- Memory T Cells/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/pharmacology
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Tumor Microenvironment
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Olivo Pimentel
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Damiënne Marcus
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Ma van der Wiel
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja G Lieuwes
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne Biemans
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Relinde Iy Lieverse
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dario Neri
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Theys
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ala Yaromina
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ludwig J Dubois
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Lambin
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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10
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Van Damme H, Dombrecht B, Kiss M, Roose H, Allen E, Van Overmeire E, Kancheva D, Martens L, Murgaski A, Bardet PMR, Blancke G, Jans M, Bolli E, Martins MS, Elkrim Y, Dooley J, Boon L, Schwarze JK, Tacke F, Movahedi K, Vandamme N, Neyns B, Ocak S, Scheyltjens I, Vereecke L, Nana FA, Merchiers P, Laoui D, Van Ginderachter JA. Therapeutic depletion of CCR8 + tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells elicits antitumor immunity and synergizes with anti-PD-1 therapy. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e001749. [PMID: 33589525 PMCID: PMC7887378 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modulation and depletion strategies of regulatory T cells (Tregs) constitute valid approaches in antitumor immunotherapy but suffer from severe adverse effects due to their lack of selectivity for the tumor-infiltrating (ti-)Treg population, indicating the need for a ti-Treg specific biomarker. METHODS We employed single-cell RNA-sequencing in a mouse model of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) to obtain a comprehensive overview of the tumor-infiltrating T-cell compartment, with a focus on ti-Treg subpopulations. These findings were validated by flow cytometric analysis of both mouse (LLC-OVA, MC38 and B16-OVA) and human (NSCLC and melanoma) tumor samples. We generated two CCR8-specific nanobodies (Nbs) that recognize distinct epitopes on the CCR8 extracellular domain. These Nbs were formulated as tetravalent Nb-Fc fusion proteins for optimal CCR8 binding and blocking, containing either an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)-deficient or an ADCC-prone Fc region. The therapeutic use of these Nb-Fc fusion proteins was evaluated, either as monotherapy or as combination therapy with anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (anti-PD-1), in both the LLC-OVA and MC38 mouse models. RESULTS We were able to discern two ti-Treg populations, one of which is characterized by the unique expression of Ccr8 in conjunction with Treg activation markers. Ccr8 is also expressed by dysfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, but the CCR8 protein was only prominent on the highly activated and strongly T-cell suppressive ti-Treg subpopulation of mouse and human tumors, with no major CCR8-positivity found on peripheral Tregs. CCR8 expression resulted from TCR-mediated Treg triggering in an NF-κB-dependent fashion, but was not essential for the recruitment, activation nor suppressive capacity of these cells. While treatment of tumor-bearing mice with a blocking ADCC-deficient Nb-Fc did not influence tumor growth, ADCC-prone Nb-Fc elicited antitumor immunity and reduced tumor growth in synergy with anti-PD-1 therapy. Importantly, ADCC-prone Nb-Fc specifically depleted ti-Tregs in a natural killer (NK) cell-dependent fashion without affecting peripheral Tregs. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings highlight the efficacy and safety of targeting CCR8 for the depletion of tumor-promoting ti-Tregs in combination with anti-PD-1 therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Databases, Genetic
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Depletion
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/genetics
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Phenotype
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/metabolism
- RNA-Seq
- Receptors, CCR8/deficiency
- Receptors, CCR8/genetics
- Skin Neoplasms/genetics
- Skin Neoplasms/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/metabolism
- Skin Neoplasms/therapy
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Van Damme
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Máté Kiss
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Eva Van Overmeire
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daliya Kancheva
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Martens
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aleksandar Murgaski
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pauline Madeleine Rachel Bardet
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gillian Blancke
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Host-Microbiota-Interaction Lab (HMI), VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maude Jans
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Host-Microbiota-Interaction Lab (HMI), VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evangelia Bolli
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria Solange Martins
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yvon Elkrim
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - James Dooley
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Louis Boon
- Polpharma Biologics, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Medicine III, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Kiavash Movahedi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Niels Vandamme
- Data Mining and Modelling for Biomedicine, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sebahat Ocak
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie (PNEU), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Division of Pneumology, CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Namur, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Scheyltjens
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lars Vereecke
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Host-Microbiota-Interaction Lab (HMI), VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Aboubakar Nana
- Division of Pneumology, CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Namur, Belgium
- Division of Pneumology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Damya Laoui
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jo Agnes Van Ginderachter
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
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11
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Douguet L, Janho Dit Hreich S, Benzaquen J, Seguin L, Juhel T, Dezitter X, Duranton C, Ryffel B, Kanellopoulos J, Delarasse C, Renault N, Furman C, Homerin G, Féral C, Cherfils-Vicini J, Millet R, Adriouch S, Ghinet A, Hofman P, Vouret-Craviari V. A small-molecule P2RX7 activator promotes anti-tumor immune responses and sensitizes lung tumor to immunotherapy. Nat Commun 2021; 12:653. [PMID: 33510147 PMCID: PMC7843983 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-20912-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Only a subpopulation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients responds to immunotherapies, highlighting the urgent need to develop therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcome. We develop a chemical positive modulator (HEI3090) of the purinergic P2RX7 receptor that potentiates αPD-1 treatment to effectively control the growth of lung tumors in transplantable and oncogene-induced mouse models and triggers long lasting antitumor immune responses. Mechanistically, the molecule stimulates dendritic P2RX7-expressing cells to generate IL-18 which leads to the production of IFN-γ by Natural Killer and CD4+ T cells within tumors. Combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor, the molecule induces a complete tumor regression in 80% of LLC tumor-bearing mice. Cured mice are also protected against tumor re-challenge due to a CD8-dependent protective response. Hence, combination treatment of small-molecule P2RX7 activator followed by immune checkpoint inhibitor represents a strategy that may be active against NSCLC.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Female
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/immunology
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interleukin-18/genetics
- Interleukin-18/immunology
- Interleukin-18/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Molecular Structure
- Receptors, Purinergic P2X7/genetics
- Receptors, Purinergic P2X7/immunology
- Receptors, Purinergic P2X7/metabolism
- Small Molecule Libraries/chemistry
- Small Molecule Libraries/pharmacology
- Survival Analysis
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Tumor Burden/immunology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serena Janho Dit Hreich
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Nice, France
- FHU OncoAge, Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Jonathan Benzaquen
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Nice, France
- FHU OncoAge, Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Laetitia Seguin
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Nice, France
- FHU OncoAge, Nice, France
| | - Thierry Juhel
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Nice, France
| | - Xavier Dezitter
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-Infinite-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, IFR114, Lille, France
| | | | - Bernhard Ryffel
- INEM-UMR7355, Institute of Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetic, University and CNRS, Orleans, France
| | - Jean Kanellopoulos
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Cecile Delarasse
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Renault
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-Infinite-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, IFR114, Lille, France
| | - Christophe Furman
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-Infinite-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, IFR114, Lille, France
| | - Germain Homerin
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-Infinite-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Hautes Etudes d'Ingénieur (HEI), JUNIA, UC Lille, Laboratoire de Chimie Durable et Santé, Lille, France
| | - Chloé Féral
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Nice, France
- FHU OncoAge, Nice, France
| | | | - Régis Millet
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-Infinite-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, IFR114, Lille, France
| | - Sahil Adriouch
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Alina Ghinet
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-Infinite-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Hautes Etudes d'Ingénieur (HEI), JUNIA, UC Lille, Laboratoire de Chimie Durable et Santé, Lille, France
- Faculty of Chemistry, 'Al. I. Cuza' University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - Paul Hofman
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Nice, France
- FHU OncoAge, Nice, France
- Hospital-Related Biobank (BB-0033-00025), Pasteur Hospital, Nice, France
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology and Biobank, Pasteur Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Valérie Vouret-Craviari
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Nice, France.
- FHU OncoAge, Nice, France.
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France.
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12
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Olivo Pimentel V, Yaromina A, Marcus D, Dubois LJ, Lambin P. A novel co-culture assay to assess anti-tumor CD8 + T cell cytotoxicity via luminescence and multicolor flow cytometry. J Immunol Methods 2020; 487:112899. [PMID: 33068606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2020.112899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
T cell immunotherapies have shown great promise in patients with advanced cancer disease, revolutionizing treatment. T cell cytotoxicity is crucial in its efficacy, therefore developing ex vivo methods testing tumor and T cell interactions is pivotal. Increasing efforts have been made in developing co-culture assays with sophisticated materials and platforms aiming to mimic the tumor microenvironment (TME), but its complexity makes it difficult to develop the ideal model. In this study, we developed a simple co-culture assay, reproducible in any lab, but respecting the multicellular nature of the TME. Our goal is to combine in a single assay well-established techniques such as a luciferase assay for target cell viability analysis, a CD107a degranulation assay, and multicolor flow cytometry for the detection of cytokines and cytotoxicity markers. Cell suspensions of whole spleens and tumors containing splenic or tumor-infiltrating effector T cells of mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) or CT26 colon carcinoma tumors treated with radiation alone or in combination with immunotherapies were used for co-culture. LLC and CT26 cell lines transduced with the firefly luciferase gene were used as target cells. We demonstrated that splenocytes and tumor-infiltrating T cells derived from mice treated with combination therapy were able to kill approximately 50% of target cells after 48 h of co-culture. This effect was tumor cell-specific and dependent on CD8+ T cells evidenced by in vitro CD8+ T cell depletion. Flow cytometry demonstrated increased expression of CD107a and production of granzyme B, IFNγ, and TNFα by CD8+ T cells. Our co-culture assay is therefore suitable as proof of principle for in vivo therapeutic studies testing immunotherapies, and specifically to assess the involvement of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in treatment response in LLC and CT26 tumor models. We also propose this assay as an ex vivo platform for high-throughput screening of immunomodulating agents to be tested in these two murine tumor models. This assay can be adapted to other tumor models after optimizations.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Coculture Techniques
- Colonic Neoplasms/immunology
- Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Colonic Neoplasms/pathology
- Colonic Neoplasms/therapy
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Flow Cytometry
- Granzymes/metabolism
- Immunotherapy
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Luciferases, Firefly/biosynthesis
- Luciferases, Firefly/genetics
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Lysosomal Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Proof of Concept Study
- Radiotherapy
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
- Tumor Microenvironment
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Olivo Pimentel
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ala Yaromina
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Damiënne Marcus
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ludwig J Dubois
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Philippe Lambin
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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13
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Potiron V, Clément-Colmou K, Jouglar E, Pietri M, Chiavassa S, Delpon G, Paris F, Supiot S. Tumor vasculature remodeling by radiation therapy increases doxorubicin distribution and efficacy. Cancer Lett 2019; 457:1-9. [PMID: 31078733 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment regulates cancer initiation, progression and response to treatment. In particular, the immature tumor vasculature may impede drugs from reaching tumor cells at a lethal concentration. We and others have shown that radiation therapy (RT) induces pericyte recruitment, resembling vascular normalization. Here, we asked whether radiation-induced vascular remodeling translates into improved tissue distribution and efficacy of chemotherapy. First, RT induced vascular remodeling, accompanied by decreased hypoxia and/or increased Hoechst perfusion in prostate PC3 and LNCaP and Lewis lung carcinoma. These results were independent of the RT regimen, respectively 10 × 2 Gy and 2 × 12 Gy, suggesting a common effect. Next, using doxorubicin as a fluorescent reporter, we observed that RT improves intra-tumoral chemotherapy distribution. These effects were not hindered by anti-angiogenic sunitinib. Moreover, sub-optimal doses of doxorubicin had almost no effect alone, but significantly delayed tumor growth after RT. These data demonstrate that RT favors the efficacy of chemotherapy by improving tissue distribution, and could be an alternative chemosensitizing strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Potiron
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université D'Angers, Nantes, France; Institut de Cancérologie de L'Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Karen Clément-Colmou
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université D'Angers, Nantes, France; Institut de Cancérologie de L'Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Emmanuel Jouglar
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université D'Angers, Nantes, France; Institut de Cancérologie de L'Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Manon Pietri
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université D'Angers, Nantes, France; Institut de Cancérologie de L'Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Sophie Chiavassa
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université D'Angers, Nantes, France; Institut de Cancérologie de L'Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Grégory Delpon
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université D'Angers, Nantes, France; Institut de Cancérologie de L'Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - François Paris
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université D'Angers, Nantes, France; Institut de Cancérologie de L'Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Stéphane Supiot
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université D'Angers, Nantes, France; Institut de Cancérologie de L'Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France.
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Zheng H, Liu L, Zhang H, Kan F, Wang S, Li Y, Tian H, Meng S. Dendritic cells pulsed with placental gp96 promote tumor-reactive immune responses. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211490. [PMID: 30703157 PMCID: PMC6354997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Defining and loading of immunogenic and safe cancer antigens remain a major challenge for designing dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccines. In this study, we defined a prototype strategy of using DC-based vaccines pulsed with placenta-derived heat shock protein gp96 to induces anti-tumor T cell responses. Placental gp96 was efficiently taken up by CD11c+ bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) and resulted in moderate BMDC maturation. Splenocytes and cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) generated with mouse BMDCs pulsed with placental gp96 specifically lysed B16 melanoma and LLC lung carcinoma cells. In both transplantable melanoma and lung carcinoma mice models, immunization with placental gp96-stimulated BMDCs led to a significant decrease in tumor growth and mouse mortality with respect to mice treated with liver gp96-pulsed BMDCs or placental gp96 alone. This vaccine induced strong cross-reactive tumor-specific T cell responses. Our results revealed that DCs pulsed with placenta-derived gp96 represent an effective immunotherapy to induce tumor-reactive immune responses, possibly via loading DCs with its associated carcinoembryonic antigens.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/transplantation
- Female
- Immunotherapy
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Placenta/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaguo Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Lanlan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Han Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Fangming Kan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Huaqin Tian
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Songdong Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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15
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Hu J, Wang H, Gu J, Liu X, Zhou X. Trail armed oncolytic poxvirus suppresses lung cancer cell by inducing apoptosis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:1018-1027. [PMID: 30137199 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has a high morbidity rate worldwide and is often resistant to therapy. Oncolytic virus therapy is a developing trend for cancer treatment. Thus, we constructed an oncolytic poxvirus carrying human trail gene that expresses a membrane-binding tumor necrosis factor and associated apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL, Oncopox-trail). We hypothesized that the expression of trail would increase the efficacy of the oncolytic poxvirus. The effect of the TRAIL protein depends on the death receptors on the surface of different cancer cells. The expression of death receptors in lung cancer cell lines was analyzed by western blot analysis. In vitro, the oncolytic poxvirus carrying the trail gene displayed a better cytotoxicity at the cell level in the lung cancer cell line than that carrying the Oncopox-empty. TRAIL protein mainly induced apoptosis and inhibited necrosis. In vivo, two transplanted tumor models of human A549 lung cancer cells and mouse Lewis lung cancer cells were used to verify the anti-cancer effect of the oncolytic poxvirus carrying the trail gene. TUNEL staining results of the tumor histological sections also verified the anti-cancer effect. Similarly, through systemic administration of Oncopox-trail, the oncolytic poxvirus also exhibited anti-cancer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqing Hu
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Xin-yuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huaiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfa Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyuan Liu
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Xin-yuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiumei Zhou
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Xin-yuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Zhang X, Wan Q, Xu TS. [Effect of Grain-moxibustion on IL-6 and STAT 3 in Inflammatory Microenvironment of Lewis Lung Cancer Mice]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2017; 42:235-239. [PMID: 29071980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of grain-moxibustion on serum interleukin-6(IL-6) and signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT 3) in inflammatory microenvironment of Lewis lung cancer mice, so as to explore its possible mechanism underlying relieving Lewis lung cancer. METHODS C 57 BL/6 mice were randomly divided into blank control group, model group, and moxibustion group (n=10 in each group). Lewis lung cancer model was established by hypodermic injection of Lewis tumor cell suspension. Mice in the moxibustion group were treated by grain-moxibustion at bilateral "Housanli"(ST 36), 5 zhuang each acupoint, once a day for 10 days. The body weight, survival state score, volume of tumor, and survival rate were observed. Serum IL-6 level was detected by ELISA, and the expression of STAT 3 in tumor tissue was determined by Wes-tern blot. RESULTS Compared with the blank control group, the body weight was significantly increased in the model group (P<0.05). The volume of tumor increased significantly in the model group, while it markedly decreased in the moxibustion group after 8 and 10 days treatment compared with the model group (P<0.05). The survival state of mice deteriorated companied with decreased survival rate in the model group, however, after 6, 8 or 10 days treatment, the survival state scores were increased in the moxibustion group than in the model group (P<0.05). Compared with the blank control group, both serum IL-6 level and STAT 3 expression in tumor tissue were increased significantly in the model group (P<0.001). Compared with the model group, both serum IL-6 level and STAT 3 expression in tumor tissue were decreased significantly in the moxibustion group (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Grain-moxibustion has remarkable effect on Lewis lung cancer, by improving survival state, reducing death rate, and controlling growth rate of tumor, which might be associated with its function of inhibiting the activation of IL-6 and STAT 3 in inflammatory microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Qian Wan
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing 210008
| | - Tian-Shu Xu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing 210008.
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17
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Lanterna C, Musumeci A, Raccosta L, Corna G, Moresco M, Maggioni D, Fontana R, Doglioni C, Bordignon C, Traversari C, Russo V. The administration of drugs inhibiting cholesterol/oxysterol synthesis is safe and increases the efficacy of immunotherapeutic regimens in tumor-bearing mice. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2016; 65:1303-1315. [PMID: 27520505 PMCID: PMC11029546 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-016-1884-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-derived metabolites dampen tumor-infiltrating immune cells and antitumor immune responses. Among the various metabolites produced by tumors, we recently showed that cholesterol oxidized products, namely oxysterols, favor tumor growth through the inhibition of DC migration toward lymphoid organs and by promoting the recruitment of pro-tumor neutrophils within the tumor microenvironment. Here, we tested different drugs capable of blocking cholesterol/oxysterol formation. In particular, we tested efficacy and safety of different administration schedules, and of immunotherapy-based combination of a class of compounds, namely zaragozic acids, which inhibit cholesterol pathway downstream of mevalonate formation, thus leaving intact the formation of the isoprenoids, which are required for the maturation of proteins involved in the immune cell function. We show that zaragozic acids inhibit the in vivo growth of the RMA lymphoma and the Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) without inducing side effects. Tumor growth inhibition requires an intact immune system, as immunodeficient tumor-bearing mice do not respond to zaragozic acid treatment. Of note, the effect of zaragozic acids is accompanied by a marked reduction in the LXR target genes Abcg1, Mertk, Scd1 and Srebp-1c in the tumor microenvironment. On the other hand, zoledronate, which blocks also isoprenoid formation, did not control the LLC tumor growth. Finally, we show that zaragozic acids potentiate the antitumor effects of active and adoptive immunotherapy, significantly prolonging the overall survival of tumor-bearing mice treated with the combo zaragozic acids and TAA-loaded DCs. This study identifies zaragozic acids as new antitumor compounds exploitable for the treatment of cancer patients.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Cholesterol/metabolism
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/transplantation
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/immunology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Oxysterols/metabolism
- Tricarboxylic Acids/therapeutic use
- Tumor Escape
- Tumor Microenvironment
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Lanterna
- Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- MolMed S.p.A., Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Musumeci
- Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Institute for Immunology, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Raccosta
- Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianfranca Corna
- Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Moresco
- Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Maggioni
- Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Fontana
- Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Doglioni
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Bordignon
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- MolMed S.p.A., Milan, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Russo
- Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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18
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Ishiguro S, Alhakamy NA, Uppalapati D, Delzeit J, Berkland CJ, Tamura M. Combined Local Pulmonary and Systemic Delivery of AT2R Gene by Modified TAT Peptide Nanoparticles Attenuates Both Murine and Human Lung Carcinoma Xenografts in Mice. J Pharm Sci 2016; 106:385-394. [PMID: 27769520 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the potential of cell-penetrating peptide-based delivery of apoptosis-inducer gene in cancer therapy, a modified HIV-1 TAT peptide (dimerized TAT peptide, dTAT) was studied. The dTAT and plasmid DNA (pDNA) complexes (dTAT-pDNA) were condensed using calcium chloride (dTAT-pDNA-Ca2+). This simple nonviral formulation approach showed high levels of gene expression in vitro without any cytotoxicity. In mouse studies, a single intratracheal (IT) aerosol spray or 2 intravenous (IV) injections of the dTAT, apoptosis-inducer gene, angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R), and Ca2+ complexes (dTAT-pAT2R-Ca2+) significantly attenuated the acutely growing mouse Lewis lung carcinoma allografts in mouse lungs. Furthermore, single IT (p = 0.054) and the combination of IT and IV (p < 0.05) administrations of dTAT-pAT2R-Ca2+ markedly attenuated slowly growing and relatively large-sized H358 human bronchioloalveolar carcinoma xenografts in mouse lungs. These results indicate that the dTAT-pDNA-Ca2+ effectively delivered the gene to cancer cells by either IT or IV administration although the local pulmonary delivery of the dTAT-pAT2R-Ca2+ showed more effective growth inhibition of orthotopic lung cancer grafts. Thus, the present study offers preclinical proof of concept that a dTAT-based nonviral gene delivery method via IT administration may be an effective lung cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Ishiguro
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506
| | - Nabil A Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047
| | - Deepthi Uppalapati
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506
| | - Jennifer Delzeit
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506
| | - Cory J Berkland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047
| | - Masaaki Tamura
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506.
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Luo X, Slater JM, Gridley DS. Radiation and Endostatin Gene Therapy in a Lung Carcinoma Model: Pilot Data on Cells and Cytokines that Affect Angiogenesis and Immune Status. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2016; 5:135-46. [PMID: 16551133 DOI: 10.1177/153303460600500207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The dose of radiation that can be safely delivered to cancers residing in sensitive areas such as the lungs is limited by concern for normal tissue damage. Therapies that target tumor vasculature have potential to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy, with minimal risk for toxicity. We constructed a unique plasmid, pXLG-mEndo, containing the mouse endostatin gene. A significantly greater anti-tumor effect was obtained against Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) in mice when pXLG-mEndo was combined with radiation compared to radiation alone. Here we report results of cellular and cytokine assessments performed one day after treatment. These analyses were done to obtain baseline data on leukocytes that affect angiogenesis, as well as anti-tumor immunity, and to detect possible treatment-related toxicities. White blood cell counts were dramatically elevated in blood and spleens of untreated tumor-bearing mice, primarily due to granulocytosis. Overall, the effect of radiation was more evident than that of the plasmids (pXLG-mEndo and parental pWS4); radiosensitivity of specific lymphocyte subsets was variable (B > T > NK; CD8+ Tc > CD4+ Th). Tumor presence resulted in dramatically elevated interleukin-2 (IL-2) and decreased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in supernatants of activated splenocytes, but had no significant effect on interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Administration of pXLG-mEndo, radiation, or both modified the tumor-induced aberrations in IL-2 and TNF-α; IFN-γ production was decreased by radiation. Red blood cell counts, hemoglobin, and hematocrit were low in tumor-bearing mice, but there were no treatment-related differences among groups. Platelet counts were reduced, whereas their volumes were increased in tumor-bearing mice; both parameters were only slightly affected by either pXLG-mEndo or control plasmid injection, however. The data demonstrate in the Lewis lung carcinoma model that tumor-localized endostatin gene therapy and radiation had significant effects on cells and cytokines that can influence angiogenesis, tumor growth, and immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Luo
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Loma Linda University and Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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20
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Lykhova O, Kovalova O, Bezdenezhnykh N, Adamenko I, Vorontsova A, Strokovska L, Kudryavets Y. Inhibition of malignant potential and expression of proteins associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in Lewis lung carcinoma cells transduced with murine ifn-β gene in recombinant baculovirus. Exp Oncol 2016; 38:13-21. [PMID: 27031713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To analyze biological characteristics, malignant potential and expression of proteins associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in murine lung carcinoma cells transduced with interferon-beta (ifn-β) gene in baculovirus vector. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was performed on Lewis lung carcinoma (LL) cells transduced with ifn-β gene in recombinant baculovirus vector. Biological characteristics of the LL cells were studied with the use of standard cell culture methods, cytogenetic and immunocytochemical assays. RESULTS Recombinant baculovirus-mediated transduction of LL cells with ifn-β gene resulted in significant decrease of cell growth rate and density both in complete and serum-free medium. Also, LL cells transduction with ifn-β gene significantly inhibited cell migration in vitro. Transduction of LL cells by baculovirus vector with or without ifn-β gene caused significant genotoxic effect in these cells. Furthermore, ifn-β gene transfer to lung carcinoma cells resulted in significant increase of nuclear expression of p19(ARF) (p < 0.01), p21(WAF1) (p < 0.01), cytoplasmic expression of E-cadherin (p < 0.005) and inhibition of transcription factors of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) Twist (p < 0.005) and Slug (p < 0.01) expression. CONCLUSIONS Transduction with ifn-β gene of LL cells in recombinant baculovirus resulted in acquirement of less malignant phenotype in vitro and suppressed expression of proteins associated with EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - O Kovalova
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - N Bezdenezhnykh
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - I Adamenko
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - A Vorontsova
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - L Strokovska
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
| | - Yu Kudryavets
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
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Symchych TV, Fedosova NI, Karaman ОМ, Yevstratieva LM, Lisovenko HS, Voyeykova IM, Potebnia HP. Anticancer effectiveness of vaccination based on xenogeneic embryo proteins applied in different schedules. Exp Oncol 2015; 37:197-202. [PMID: 26422104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
THE AIM To evaluate anticancer activity of vaccination with chicken embryo proteins (CEP) applied in different schedules. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57Bl mice were vaccinated with CEP before (prophylactic schedule) or after (different therapeutic schedules with or without preliminary tumor removal) the Lewis lung carcinoma cells transplantation. The latent period of tumor development, tumor volume and metastasis rate were evaluated. RESULTS Potent antimetastatic effect of CEP-based vaccination was seen in case of therapeutic regimen after primary tumor removal. The metastasis inhibition index (MII) reached 96.9 and 97.8% on 18(th) and 34(th) day after tumor removal, respectively. When CEP vaccination was performed in the settings of therapeutic regimen without primary tumor removal the anticancer effect was evident only if vaccinations started as early as 24 h after the cancer cells injections. The highest MII achieved in such condition was 77.6%, tumor volume in the group of vaccinated animals was by 53.1-42.1% lower than in the control tumor-bearing mice. CEP vaccination before tumor challenge (prophylactic immunization) led to a statistically significant prolongation of the latent period of tumor development, a reduction of tumor volume (35.8-48.8% compared to control unvaccinated mice) and a marked inhibition of metastasis (MII was 71.1%). CONCLUSION Vaccination based on CEP exhibited both prophylactic and therapeutic anticancer effects. The last one is more pronounced when the vaccination starts shortly after the primary tumor resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Symchych
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - N I Fedosova
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - О М Karaman
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - L M Yevstratieva
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - H S Lisovenko
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - I M Voyeykova
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - H P Potebnia
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
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22
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Tamarov KP, Osminkina LA, Zinovyev SV, Maximova KA, Kargina JV, Gongalsky MB, Ryabchikov Y, Al-Kattan A, Sviridov AP, Sentis M, Ivanov AV, Nikiforov VN, Kabashin AV, Timoshenko VY. Radio frequency radiation-induced hyperthermia using Si nanoparticle-based sensitizers for mild cancer therapy. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7034. [PMID: 25391603 PMCID: PMC5382688 DOI: 10.1038/srep07034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Offering mild, non-invasive and deep cancer therapy modality, radio frequency (RF) radiation-induced hyperthermia lacks for efficient biodegradable RF sensitizers to selectively target cancer cells and thus avoid side effects. Here, we assess crystalline silicon (Si) based nanomaterials as sensitizers for the RF-induced therapy. Using nanoparticles produced by mechanical grinding of porous silicon and ultraclean laser-ablative synthesis, we report efficient RF-induced heating of aqueous suspensions of the nanoparticles to temperatures above 45-50 °C under relatively low nanoparticle concentrations (<1 mg/mL) and RF radiation intensities (1-5 W/cm(2)). For both types of nanoparticles the heating rate was linearly dependent on nanoparticle concentration, while laser-ablated nanoparticles demonstrated a remarkably higher heating rate than porous silicon-based ones for the whole range of the used concentrations from 0.01 to 0.4 mg/mL. The observed effect is explained by the Joule heating due to the generation of electrical currents at the nanoparticle/water interface. Profiting from the nanoparticle-based hyperthermia, we demonstrate an efficient treatment of Lewis lung carcinoma in vivo. Combined with the possibility of involvement of parallel imaging and treatment channels based on unique optical properties of Si-based nanomaterials, the proposed method promises a new landmark in the development of new modalities for mild cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liubov A. Osminkina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Physics, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ksenia A. Maximova
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LP3 UMR 7341, Campus de Luminy - Case 917, 13288, Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Julia V. Kargina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Physics, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim B. Gongalsky
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Physics, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury Ryabchikov
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LP3 UMR 7341, Campus de Luminy - Case 917, 13288, Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Ahmed Al-Kattan
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LP3 UMR 7341, Campus de Luminy - Case 917, 13288, Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Andrey P. Sviridov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Physics, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marc Sentis
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LP3 UMR 7341, Campus de Luminy - Case 917, 13288, Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | | | | | - Andrei V. Kabashin
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LP3 UMR 7341, Campus de Luminy - Case 917, 13288, Marseille Cedex 9, France
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23
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Symchych TV, Fedosova NI, Karaman OM, Yevstratieva LM, Lisovenko HS, Voyejkova IM, Potebnia HP. The anticancer efficiency of the xenogeneic vaccine and the indication for its use. Exp Oncol 2014; 36:79-84. [PMID: 24980760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the anticancer efficiency of the xenogeneic vaccine in different tumor models and to assess the possibility whether level of antibodies (Ab) specific for vaccine's proteins can be used as an indication for its use. METHODS Mice with Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC), Ehrlich carcinoma (EC) or Sarcoma 37 (S37) were immunized with a xenogeneic anticancer vaccine based on chicken embryo proteins (CEP) and its anticancer activity was examined. The level of specific Ab in the blood serum of non-immunized tumor-bearing mice was studied by ELISA. RESULTS CEP application statically significantly inhibited the growth of LLC (the index of tumor growth inhibition was 42.10-53.13% depending on the day of tumor growth); vaccinated mice with EC showed significant tumor growth inhibition and life prolongation by 34.48%. Among mice with S37, there was noticed no antitumor effect. The number of tumor-bearing non-immunized mice which have had pre-existing CEP-specific Ab did not differ depending on the tumor model. The level of CEP-specific Ab among mice with LLC and EC increased with the growth of the tumor volume, but it decreased among mice be-aring S37. Probably, the low level of CEP-specific Ab alongside huge tumor burden shows it is futile to apply the CEP-based vaccine. CONCLUSION Different tumor strains vary in their susceptibility to CEP-based vaccine. Probably, the low level of CEP-specific Ab when a tumor burden is huge shows it is futile to apply the CEP-based vaccine. Key Words: xenogeneic anticancer vaccine, chicken embryo proteins anticancer activity, Lewis lung carcinoma, Ehrlich carcinoma, Sarcoma 37, CEP-specific antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Symchych
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - N I Fedosova
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - O M Karaman
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - L M Yevstratieva
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - H S Lisovenko
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | | | - H P Potebnia
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
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24
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Wolff G, Balke JE, Andras IE, Park M, Toborek M. Exercise modulates redox-sensitive small GTPase activity in the brain microvasculature in a model of brain metastasis formation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97033. [PMID: 24804765 PMCID: PMC4013134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cell extravasation into the brain requires passage through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). There is evidence that exercise can alter the oxidation status of the brain microvasculature and protect against tumor cell invasion into the brain, although the mechanisms are not well understood. In the current study, we focused on the role of microenvironment generated by exercise and metastasizing tumor cells at the levels of brain microvessels, influencing oxidative stress-mediated responses and activation of redox-sensitive small GTPases. Mature male mice were exercised for four weeks using a running wheel with the average voluntary running distance 9.0 ± 0.3 km/day. Mice were then infused with 1.0 × 10(6) D122 (murine Lewis lung carcinoma) cells into the brain microvasculature, and euthanized either 48 hours (in short-term studies) or 2-3 weeks (in long-term studies) post tumor cell administration. A significant increase in the level of reactive oxygen species was observed following 48 hours or 3 weeks of tumor cells growth, which was accompanied by a reduction in MnSOD expression in the exercised mice. Activation of the small GTPase Rho was negatively correlated with running distance in the tumor cell infused mice. Together, these data suggest that exercise may play a significant role during aggressive metastatic invasion, especially at higher intensities in pre-trained individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen Wolff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jordan E. Balke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ibolya E. Andras
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Minseon Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Michal Toborek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
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25
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Alteber Z, Azulay M, Cafri G, Vadai E, Tzehoval E, Eisenbach L. Cryoimmunotherapy with local co-administration of ex vivo generated dendritic cells and CpG-ODN immune adjuvant, elicits a specific antitumor immunity. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2014; 63:369-80. [PMID: 24452202 PMCID: PMC11029716 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-014-1520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cryoablation is a low-invasive surgical procedure for management of malignant tumors. Tissue destruction is obtained by repeated deep freezing and thawing and results in coagulative necrosis and in apoptosis. This procedure induces the release of tumor-associated antigens and proinflammatory factors into the microenvironment. Local administration of immature dendritic cells (DCs) potentiates the immune response induced by cryoablation. To further augment the induction of long-lasting antitumor immunity, we investigated the clinical value of combining cryoimmunotherapy consisting of cryoablation and inoculation of immature DCs with administration of the immune adjuvant, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides. Injection of the murine Lewis lung carcinoma, D122-luc-5.5 that expresses the luciferase gene, results in spontaneous metastases, which can be easily monitored in vivo. The local tumor was treated by the combined treatment. The clinical outcome was assessed by monitoring tumor growth, metastasis in distant organs, overall survival, and protection from tumor recurrence. The nature of the induced T cell responses was analyzed. Combined cryoimmunotherapy results in reduced tumor growth, low metastasis and significantly prolonged survival. Moreover, this treatment induces antitumor memory that protected mice from rechallenge. The underlying suggested mechanisms are the generation of tumor-specific type 1 T cell responses, subsequent induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and generation of systemic memory. Our data highlight the combined cryoimmunotherapy as a novel antitumor vaccine with promising preclinical results. Adjustment of this technique into practice will provide the therapeutic benefits of both, ablation of the primary tumor and induction of robust antitumor and antimetastatic immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya Alteber
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 761000 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Meir Azulay
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 761000 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gal Cafri
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 761000 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ezra Vadai
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 761000 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Esther Tzehoval
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 761000 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lea Eisenbach
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 761000 Rehovot, Israel
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26
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Yang XJ, Yang JP, Huang YQ, Liang H, Yuan K. [Anti-tumor effect of the whole worm extract of Ascaris lumbricoides on Lewis lung carcinoma in mice]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2013; 31:470-472. [PMID: 24818416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Forty-five C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups (A-E). Group B and D served as the control group of A and C. Each mouse of group A was intraperitoneally injected with 0.1 ml whole worm extract of Ascaris lumbricoides every other day, and 10 days later injected with 0.1 ml Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells at right axillary subcutaneously region. Mice of group B were injected with normal saline and then developed tumor model. Each mouse of group C was injected with 0.1 ml LLC cells, and two days later, injected with 0.1 ml whole worm extract of A. lumbricoides every other day for 5 times. After the tumor model developed, mice in group D were injected with normal saline. Group E was the negative control group. Time intervals between implantation and active growth and tumor weight were recorded. Tumor inhibition rate was calculated. The average time interval between tumor implantation and measurable tumor growth for groups A, B, C and D was (7.0 +/-1.1), (6.0 +/- 0.7), (9.0 +/- 1.2) and (7.0 +/- 0.9) days. Tumor weight of [(338.9 +/- 282.2) mg] (P < 0.05). The tumor inhibition rate group A [(722.2 +/- 413.5) mg] was heavier than that of group B was the highest in group C (33.3%). Tumor weight of group C [(237.8 +/- 101.8) mg] was lighter than that of group D [(356.7 +/- 176.9) mg] (P < 0.05). The results indicated that the tumor formation is affected by the whole worm extract of A. lumbricoides which may have an inhibitory effect on tumour growth.
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27
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Takahashi K, Hasegawa T, Ishii T, Suzuki A, Nakajima M, Uno K, Yasuda I, Kishi A, Sadamoto K, Abe F, Tanaka T. Antitumor effect of combination of hyperthermotherapy and 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). Anticancer Res 2013; 33:2861-2866. [PMID: 23780971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a precursor of heme. ALA is used as a photosensitive substance in photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) because heme metabolism is abnormal in tumor cells and a photosensitive metabolite of heme synthesis from ALA, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), specifically accumulates in tumors. We investigated the enhancement of the antitumor effect by combination of ALA and hyperthermotherapy (HT) using a transplanted tumor model with Lewis lung carcinoma cells (3LL) in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals were divided into four test groups: control (untreated), HT, and HT plus ALA (100 or 300 mg/kg) groups, and HT by bathing at 43°C for 20 min was performed at five days after transplantation. ALA was administered once at the above doses three hours before HT by intraperitoneal injection. RESULTS The tumor sizes at five days after HT were 5.2- and 2.6-times greater than those at the time of HT in the control and HT groups, respectively. In contrast, PpIX accumulation in the tumor region was noted three hours after ALA administration, the HT+ALA group given at 100 or 300 mg/kg of ALA inhibited tumor growth to 1.3- and 1.1-times increases in the tumor size. CONCLUSION Therefore, ALA administration markedly enhanced the tumor growth-inhibitory effect of HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiwamu Takahashi
- SBI Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 1-6-1-20F, Roppongi, Minato-ku Tokyo, 106-6020, Japan.
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28
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Zhang Y, Zhang N, Su S, Hoffman RM, Zhao M. Salmonella typhimurium A1-R tumor targeting in immunocompetent mice is enhanced by a traditional Chinese medicine herbal mixture. Anticancer Res 2013; 33:1837-1843. [PMID: 23645728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a bacterial cancer therapy strategy using the genetically-engineered strain Salmonella typhimurium A1-R (A1-R). A1-R is auxotrophic for leu and arg which attenuates bacterial growth in normal tissue but allows high tumor virulence. A1-R is effective against metastatic human and murine cancer cell lines in clinically-relevant nude-mouse models. However, A1-R treatment of tumors in immunocompetent mouse models with high doses is limited by toxicity. The current study evaluated a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbal mixture in combination with A1-R therapy in a syngeneic metastatic immunocompetent mouse model of highly aggressive lung cancer. In a model of Lewis lung carcinoma, the combination of a TCM herbal mixture and S. typhimurium A1-R enabled bacteria to be safely administered at the large dose of 2 × 10(7) colony forming units once a week i.v. with increased treatment efficacy and reduced toxicity compared to monotherapy with A1-R. The herbal mixture prevented body weight loss, spleen weight gain and liver infection by A1-R, as well as hemorrhagic lesions on the skin, liver, and spleen, all observed with A1-R monotherapy. The results of the present study suggest that the combination of A1-R and TCM has important potential for therapy of highly aggressive types of cancer, including those which are resistant to standard therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA 92111 USA
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29
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Gu L, Yue J, Zheng Y, Zheng X, Wang J, Wang Y, Li J, Jiang Y, Jiang H. Evaluation of a recombinant double mutant of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB-H32Q/K173E) with enhanced antitumor activity effects and decreased pyrexia. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55892. [PMID: 23405232 PMCID: PMC3566101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy has been used to improve patient immune function, inhibit tumor growth and has become a highly promising method of cancer treatment. Highly agglutinative staphylococcin (HAS), a mixture of Staphylococcus aureus culture filtrates, which include staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) C as the active ingredient, has been used clinically as an immunomodifier in the treatment of a number of tumors for many years. However, the use of HAS has been associated with some unavoidable side-effects such as fever. Previous studies have shown that SEB stimulates a more potent activation of T lymphocytes than SEC3, and mutations of the histidine residues eliminated the toxicity of SEB. SE mutants with decreased side-effects and/or more potent antitumor activities are required. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We built a structural model of the MHC II-SEB-TCR complex and found that a mutation of SEB at Lys173 might decrease the repulsion force between the SEB-TCR, which would facilitate their interaction. From the above results, we designed SEB-H32Q/K173E (mSEB). Analysis of in vitro stimulation of the proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), IFN-γ secretion and inhibition of the growth of various tumor cell lines demonstrated that mSEB exhibited higher antitumor activity compared with wild-type SEB (wtSEB). Notably, mSEB inhibited the growth of various tumors at an extremely low concentration with little cytotoxicity against normal cells. Three animal tumor models (C57BL/6 mouse, New Zealand rabbit and a humanized NOD/SCID mouse) were used to evaluate the in vivo immunotherapeutic effects. Compared with wtSEB, mSEB significantly enhanced antitumor effect in more than one animal model with reduced pyrexia toxicity and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that SEB-H32Q/K173E retains superantigen (SAg) characteristics and enhances the host immune response to neoplastic diseases while reducing associated pyrogenic toxicity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Enterotoxins/genetics
- Enterotoxins/immunology
- Enterotoxins/metabolism
- Female
- Fever/genetics
- Fever/immunology
- Fever/therapy
- Genes, MHC Class II/genetics
- Genes, MHC Class II/immunology
- Humans
- Immunotherapy
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Mutant Proteins/therapeutic use
- Mutation/genetics
- Rabbits
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use
- Staphylococcus aureus/metabolism
- Survival Rate
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junjie Yue
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanzi Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Provincial Xuzhou Pharmaceutical Vocational College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jianchun Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- * E-mail: (JCL); (YQJ); (HJ)
| | - Yongqiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JCL); (YQJ); (HJ)
| | - Hua Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JCL); (YQJ); (HJ)
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30
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Tome Y, Zhang Y, Momiyama M, Maehara H, Kanaya F, Tomita K, Tsuchiya H, Bouvet M, Hoffman RM, Zhao M. Primer dosing of S. typhimurium A1-R potentiates tumor-targeting and efficacy in immunocompetent mice. Anticancer Res 2013; 33:97-102. [PMID: 23267132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We developed the tumor-targeting strain Salmonella typhimuium A1-R (A1-R) and have shown it to be active against a number of tumor types in nude mice. However, in immunocompetent mice, dosing of A1-R has to be adjusted to avoid toxicity. In the present study, we developed a strategy to maximize efficacy and minimize toxicity for A1-R tumor-targeting in immunocompetent mice implanted with the Lewis lung carcinoma. A small primer dose of A1-R was first administered (1×10(6) colony forming unit [cfu] i.v.) followed by a high dose (1×10(7) cfu i.v.) four hours later. The primer-dose strategy resulted in smaller tumors and no observable side-effects compared to treatment with high-dose-alone. The serum level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) was elevated in the mice treated with primer dose compared to mice only given the high dose. Tumor vessel destruction was enhanced by primer dosing of A1-R in immuno-competent transgenic mice expressing the nestin-driven green fluorescent protein, which is selectively expressed in nascent blood vessels. The primer-dose may activate TNF-α and other cytokines in the mouse, necessary for invasion of the tumor by the bacteria, as well as enhance tumor vessel destruction, thereby allowing a subsequent therapeutic dose to be effective and safe. The results of the present study suggest effective future clinical strategies of bacterial treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Tome
- AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, SanDiego, CA 92111, USA
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31
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Wei Y, Sun Y, Song C, Li H, Li Y, Zhang K, Gong J, Liu F, Liu Z, August JT, Jin B, Yang K. Enhancement of DNA vaccine efficacy by targeting the xenogeneic human chorionic gonadotropin, survivin and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 combined tumor antigen to the major histocompatibility complex class II pathway. J Gene Med 2012; 14:353-62. [PMID: 22438278 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of strategies have been used to improve the efficacy of the DNA vaccine for the treatment of tumors. These strategies, ranging from activating CD4+ T cell, manipulating antigen presentation and/or processing to anti-angiogenesis, focus on one certain aspect in the functioning of the vaccine. Therefore, their combination is necessary for rational DNA vaccines design by synergizing different regimens and overcoming the limitations of each strategy. METHODS A DNA fragment (HSV) encoding the C terminal 37 amino acids of human chorionic gonadotropin β chain (hCGβ), 5 different HLA-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes from human survivin and the third and fourth extracellular domains of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) was inserted into the sequence between the luminal and transmembrane domain of human lysosome-associated membrane protein-1 cDNA for the construction of a novel DNA vaccine. RESULTS This novel vaccine, named p-L/HSV, has a potent antitumor effect on the LL/2 lung carcinoma model in syngeneic C57BL/6 mice. The immunologic mechanism involved in the antitumor effect referred to the activation of both cellular and humoral immune response. In addition, the tumor vasculature was abrogated as observed by immunohistochemistry in p-L/HSV immunized mice. Furthermore, the immunized mice received an additional boost with p-L/HSV 6 months later and showed a strong immune recall response. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates that the strategies of combining antitumor with antiangiogenesis and targeting the tumor antigen to the major histocompatibility complex class II pathway cooperate well. Such a study may shed new light on designing vaccine for cancer in the future.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
- Cancer Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Cancer Vaccines/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human/genetics
- Epitopes/genetics
- Female
- Genetic Vectors/administration & dosage
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Immunity, Active/genetics
- Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins/genetics
- Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins/immunology
- Lysosomal Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Lysosomal Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Major Histocompatibility Complex/genetics
- Major Histocompatibility Complex/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Survivin
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- Vaccines, DNA/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, DNA/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Wei
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
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32
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Kato M, Hattori Y, Kubo M, Maitani Y. Collagenase-1 injection improved tumor distribution and gene expression of cationic lipoplex. Int J Pharm 2011; 423:428-34. [PMID: 22197775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Elevated interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) in a tumor is a barrier to tumor accumulation of systemic delivery of nanocarriers. In this study, we investigated whether intravenous injection of type I collagenase (collagenase-1) reduced IFP in tumors and increased the accumulation and gene expression of cationic liposome/plasmid DNA complex (lipoplex) in tumors after intravenous injection into mice bearing mouse lung carcinoma LLC tumors. Collagenase-1 reduced the amount of type I collagen in the tumor, and significantly decreased IFP by 65% at 1h after injection. Therefore, collagenase-1 induced 1.5-fold higher accumulation and 2-fold higher gene expression of lipoplex in tumors after intravenous injection. These findings indicated that intravenous injection of collagenase-1 improved the accumulation of lipoplex by decreasing IFP in tumors. These results support the potential use of collagen digestion as a strategy to improve systemic gene delivery into tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mako Kato
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
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Abstract
In this work, a novel vaccine delivery system, biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) in thermosensitive hydrogel, was investigated. Human basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-loaded NPs (bFGF-NPs) were prepared, and then bFGF-NPs were incorporated into thermosensitive hydrogel to form bFGF-NPs in a hydrogel composite (bFGF-NPs/hydrogel). bFGF-NPs/hydrogel was an injectable sol at ambient temperature, but was converted into a non-flowing gel at body temperature. The in vitro release profile showed that bFGF could be released from bFGF-NPs or bFGF-NPs/hydrogel at an extended period, but the release rate of bFGF-NPs/hydrogel was much lower. In vivo experiments suggested that immunogenicity of bFGF improved significantly after being incorporated into the NPs/hydrogel composite, and strong humoral immunity was maintained for longer than 12 weeks. Furthermore, an in vivo protective anti-tumor immunity assay indicated that immunization with bFGF-NPs/hydrogel could induce significant suppression of the growth and metastases of tumors. Thus, the NPs/hydrogel composite may have great potential application as a novel vaccine delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Korbelik M, Zhang W, Merchant S. Involvement of damage-associated molecular patterns in tumor response to photodynamic therapy: surface expression of calreticulin and high-mobility group box-1 release. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2011; 60:1431-7. [PMID: 21644033 PMCID: PMC11028986 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-011-1047-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), danger signal molecules expressed after injury or infection, have become recognized as prerequisite for orchestrating effective anti-tumor host response. The expression of two prototypical DAMPs, calreticulin and high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein, was examined following Photofrin-photodynamic therapy (PDT) of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells in vitro and LLC tumors growing in syngeneic mice. Cell surface expression of calreticulin was found to be highly increased at 1 h after PDT treatment both in vitro and in vivo. Increased exposure of calreticulin was also detected on the surface of macrophages from PDT-treated LLC tumors. At the same time interval, a rise in serum HMGB1 was detected in host mice. Intracellular staining of macrophages co-incubated for 16 h with PDT-treated LLC cells revealed elevated levels of HMGB1 in these cells. The knowledge of the involvement of these DAMPs uncovers important mechanistic insights into the development of host response induced by PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mladen Korbelik
- British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Room 6.112, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
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Egorova NB, Kurbatova EA, Gruber IM, Semenova IB, Mikhaĭlova NA, Zverev VV. [Novel type of vaccine with a combination of Toll like receptor agonists--TLR 1/2, 4, 5/6, 9]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol 2011:40-46. [PMID: 21913390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM Proof of therapeutic efficacy of a novel type of vaccine with a combination of natural Toll like receptor agonists (TLR) 1/2, 4, 5/6, 9 in infectious and noninfectious human pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunovac-VP-4 vaccine, containing antigens of opportunistic microorganisms that are TLR 1/2, 4, 5/6, 9 ligands, was used for experiments and clinical trials. RESULTS Immunovac-VP-4 activates innate immunity by inducing maturation of dendritic cells with expression of costimulating molecules on their membrane (CD40+, CD80+, CD86+), terminal differentiation molecules--CD83+ and antigen-presenting molecules (MHC class I and II); activates proinflammatory (TNFalpha, IL-6) and regulatory (IL-12, INFgamma) cytokine synthesis that programs T-lymphocyte differentiation by Th1 pathway; increases cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells, inhibits melanoma B16 growth and Lewis lung carcinoma metastasis. Therapeutic effect of Immunovac-VP-4 was evident regardless of pathology by a significant decrease of quantity and severity of recidives, improvement of all clinical parameters, reduction of quantity of administered pharmaceutical preparations including antibiotics and glucocorticosteroids. The rate of intercurrent acute respiratory viral illnesses and their bacterial complications decreased. Immunovac-VP-4 therapy modified course of illness from severe into milder forms. Positive therapeutic effect was 69.2 - 100%. CONCLUSION High therapeutic effect of vaccine therapy is based on innate immunity activation by combining TLR agonists. Immunovac-VP-4 contains an optimal combination of natural TLR agonists that ensure high therapeutic effect in various nosological forms of infectious and noninfectious human pathology.
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Ren S, Zuo S, Zhao M, Wang X, Wang X, Chen Y, Wu Z, Ren Z. Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis in lung cancer by T4 phage surface displaying mVEGFR2 vaccine. Vaccine 2011; 29:5802-11. [PMID: 21482223 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2010] [Revised: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been known as a potential vasculogenic and angiogenic factor and its receptor (VEGFR2) is a major receptor to response to the angiogenic activity of VEGF. The technique that to break the immune tolerance of "self-antigens" associated with angiogenesis is an attractive approach for cancer therapy with T4 phage display system. In this experiment, mouse VEGFR2 was constructed on T4 phage nanometer-particle surface as a recombinant vaccine. T4-mVEGFR2 recombinant vaccine was identified by PCR and western blot assay. Immunotherapy with T4-mVEGFR2 was confirmed by protective immunity against Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) in mice. The antibody against mVEGFR2 was detected by ELISPOT, ELISA and Dot ELISA. The inhibitive effects against angiogenesis were studied using CD31 and CD105 via histological analysis. VEGF-mediated endothelial cells proliferation and tube formation were inhibited in vitro by immunoglobulin induced by T4-mVEGFR2. The antitumor activity was substantiated from the adoptive transfer of the purified immunoglobulin. Antitumor activity and autoantibody production of mVEGFR2 could be neutralized by the depletion of CD4+T lymphocytes. These studies strongly suggest that T4-mVEGFR2 recombinant vaccine might be a promising antitumor approach.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Animals
- Bacteriophage T4/genetics
- Bacteriophage T4/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cancer Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/blood supply
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Cell Proliferation
- Endoglin
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/blood
- Lung Neoplasms/blood supply
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/immunology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/prevention & control
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/therapy
- Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/blood
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/administration & dosage
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/pharmacology
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/administration & dosage
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunxiang Ren
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Zhang Y, Qiu W, Liang J, Yu Z, Yue L. Anti-tumor effects of pEgr-1-endostatin-TNF-α recombinant plasmid expression induced by ionizing radiation. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2011; 12:2933-2937. [PMID: 22393966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-tumor effect of a pEgr-1-endostatin-TNF-α recombinant plasmid induced by ionizing radiation. METHOD Three hundred and twenty mice bearing Lewis lung carcinomas were divided into four experimental groups: blank control, irradiation treatment, plasmid treatment and plasmid combined irradiation treatment. Twenty-four hours after the recombinant plasmid was injected locally into the tumors of the mice, they were irradiated with 10 Gy γ -rays. The concentration of TNF-α and endostatin in the serum of mice was measured by ELISA and tumor growth in each group was compared. The tumor microvessel density was examined by H and E staining and immunohistochemistry analysis of CD31 positive cells. RESULTS Radiation could induce the expression of pEgr-1-endostatin-TNFα. The levels of endostatin and TNF-α could express steadily for about 4 weeks, with concentrations of 52.6 ± 4.19 and 12.0 ± 0.87 ng/ml respectively, in the second week in combined therapy group and maintained at relative higher level in the fourth week than other groups (F=29.7, P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the tumor micro vessel density was significantly depressed (P>0.05) and tumor growth was significantly inhibited (5907.2 ± 78.6 mm3 vs. 763.5 ± 12.3 mm3, P >0.05). CONCLUSIONS The expression of pEgr-1-endostatin-TNF-α could be induced in mice in vivo and exhibited more significant anti-tumor and anti-angiogenesis effects than irradiation alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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38
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Liu F, Zhang L, Hoffman RM, Zhao M. Vessel destruction by tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R is enhanced by high tumor vascularity. Cell Cycle 2010; 9:4518-24. [PMID: 21135579 PMCID: PMC3048048 DOI: 10.4161/cc.9.22.13744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Our laboratory has previously developed a tumor-targeting double-auxotrophic mutant of Salmonella typhimurium termed A1-R. The present report demonstrates that S. typhimurium A1-R destroys tumor blood vessels and this is enhanced in tumors with high vascularity. Red fluorescent protein (RFP)-expressing Lewis lung cancer cells (LLC-RFP) were transplanted subcutaneously in the ear, back skin, and footpad of nestin-driven green fluorescent protein (ND-GFP) transgenic nude mice, which selectively express GFP in nascent blood vessels. Color-coded in vivo imaging demonstrated that the LLC-RFP ear tumor had the highest cell density and the footpad tumor had the least with the ear tumor having more abundant blood vessels than that on the back or footpad. The tumor-bearing mice were treated with A1-R bacteria via tail-vein injection. Tumors in the ear were the earliest responders to bacterial therapy and hemorrhaged severely the day after A1-R administration. Tumors growing in the back were the second fastest responders to bacterial treatment and appeared necrotic 3 days after A1-R administration. Tumors growing in the footpad had the least vascularity and were the last responders to A1-R. Therefore, tumor vascularity correlated positively with tumor efficacy of A1-R. The present study suggests that bacteria efficacy on tumors involved vessel destruction which depends on the extent of vascularity of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, California, USA
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39
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Kraman M, Bambrough PJ, Arnold JN, Roberts EW, Magiera L, Jones JO, Gopinathan A, Tuveson DA, Fearon DT. Suppression of Antitumor Immunity by Stromal Cells Expressing Fibroblast Activation Protein-. Science 2010; 330:827-30. [PMID: 21051638 DOI: 10.1126/science.1195300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 856] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Kraman
- Wellcome Trust Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Medical Research Council Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, UK
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Dong B, Sun L, Wu X, Zhang P, Wang L, Wei H, Zhou L, Hu X, Yu Y, Hua S, Wang L. Vaccination with TCL plus MHSP65 induces anti-lung cancer immunity in mice. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2010; 59:899-908. [PMID: 20087582 PMCID: PMC11030583 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-010-0816-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2009] [Accepted: 12/31/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To develop effective anti-lung cancer vaccines, we directly mixed mycobacterial heat shock protein 65 (MHSP65) and tumor cell lysate (TCL) from Lewis lung cancer cells in vitro and tested its efficacy on stimulating anti-tumor immunity. Our results showed that MHSP65-TCL immunization significantly inhibited the growth of lung cancer in mice and prolonged the survival of lung cancer bearing mice. In vivo and in vitro data suggest that MHSP65-TCL could induce specific CTL responses and non-specific immunity, both of which could contribute to the tumor inhibition. Thus, this report provides an easy approach to prepare an efficient TCL based tumor vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Dong
- Department of Molecular Biology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Luguo Sun
- Department of Molecular Biology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Xiuli Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Peiyin Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Immunology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Hongfei Wei
- Department of Molecular Biology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Molecular Biology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoping Hu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Yongli Yu
- Department of Immunology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Shucheng Hua
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Liying Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, China
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Liao JQ, Su XQ, Peng XC, Shi HS, Zhang HL, Yang L. [Antitumor effect by combination of recombinant endostatin adenovirus with carboplatin]. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2010; 41:386-389. [PMID: 20629304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the antitumor effect of recombinant Endostatin adenovirus (Ad-E) with carboplatin in mice with Lewis lung cancer. METHODS C57BL/6 mice bearing Lewis lung cancer received Ad-E and carboplatin respectively or in combination. The tumor volume, tumor net weight, survival time and side effects were observed. Histological analysis was conducted to assess microvessel density (MVD) within tumor tissue and apoptotic cells were identified using the TUNEL assay. RESULTS Compared with the control groups, the combination treatment significantly suppressed the tumor growth and prolonged survival time of the mice without obvious side-effects. The histological analysis revealed the combination treatment led to a decreased MVD and increased percent apoptosis in LL/2 tumors. CONCLUSION Our studies indicate that a combination of Ad-E with carboplatin can present better antitumor effects without obvious side-effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qun Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Zhuravel E, Efanova O, Shestakova T, Glushko N, Mezhuev O, Soldatkina M, Pogrebnoy P. Administration of vitamin D3 improves antimetastatic efficacy of cancer vaccine therapy of Lewis lung carcinoma. Exp Oncol 2010; 32:33-39. [PMID: 20332759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM To analyze antitumor efficacy of experimental cancer vaccine therapy combined with introduction of vitamin D3 (VD3) for treatment of Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL). MATERIALS AND METHODS Cancer vaccines composed from recombinant murine beta-defensin-2 (mBD-2) and 3LL cell lysate, or DNA, coding for mBD-2-Muc1 fusion construct cloned in pcDNA3+ vector, were prepared and used for intradermal vaccination. Experimental cancer vaccines introduced i. d. at therapeutic and prophylactic regimens to 3LL-bearing C57Bl mice, were applied alone or in combination with VD3 (administered per os) and/or low-dose cyclophosphamide (CP, administered intraperitoneal). Efficacy of treatments was analyzed by primary tumor growth dynamics indexes and by metastasis rate in vaccinated animals. RESULTS As it has been shown, administration of the protein-based vaccine composed from mBD-2 and 3LL cell lysate in combination with VD3 and CP, but not in VD3 free setting, led to significant suppression of primary tumor growth (p < 0.005) and had significant antimetastatic effect. Introduction of VD3 with or without CP in the scheme of treatment with mBD- 2-Muc1-DNA vaccine at therapeutic regimen has led to significant suppression of primary tumor (p < 0.05) and metastasis volumes (p < 0.005), while in the groups of animals treated with DNA-vaccine + VD3 with or without CP at prophylactic regimen, significant antimetastatic effect (p < 0.05) and elevation of average life-span (p < 0.05) have been registered. CONCLUSION The results of this pilot study have shown promising clinical effects of VD3 administration in combination with cancer vaccinotherapy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Zhuravel
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Shelygin IA, Alekseev MV, Rybakov EG, Pankratov AA, Pliushinskaia AD. [Experimental foundation of using intraoperative endopelvic cisplatin with hyperthermia for rectal cancer]. Vopr Onkol 2010; 56:191-195. [PMID: 20552896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Previously, significant increase in survival in locally-advanced rectal cancer as a result of heated intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy was reported. Our study used cisplatin 0.5 mg/ml (0.05 per cent solution) in the culture of pharyngeal epidermoid carcinoma (PEC) cells (HEP-2) and A-549 culture of lung carcinoma cells. The number of viable cells was estimated colorimetrically after 24 and 48 hr incubation. 50%-rise in inhibition of culture growth was assumed to be biologically significant. Forty-eight hours after inoculation, single dose of cisplatin 8 mg/kg was injected in mice bearing transplanted lung carcinoma of Lewis (LLC). That was followed by death of tumor cells. Preheating (45 deg. C, 1 hr) did not influence either the cytostatic or therapeutic effect of cisplatin in vivo.That procedure inhibited tumor growth by 7-8% and the effect did not wear off until day 11 or longer. Survival in LLC-bearing mice rose by 26% which pointed to the advantages offered by heated cytostatic chemotherapy.
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Takahashi T, Ibata M, Yu Z, Shikama Y, Endo Y, Miyauchi Y, Nakamura M, Tashiro-Yamaji J, Miura-Takeda S, Shimizu T, Okada M, Ueda K, Kubota T, Yoshida R. Rejection of intradermally injected syngeneic tumor cells from mice by specific elimination of tumor-associated macrophages with liposome-encapsulated dichloromethylene diphosphonate, followed by induction of CD11b(+)/CCR3(-)/Gr-1(-) cells cytotoxic against the tumor cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2009; 58:2011-23. [PMID: 19365632 PMCID: PMC11030634 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-009-0708-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2008] [Accepted: 03/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cell expansion relies on nutrient supply, and oxygen limitation is central in controlling neovascularization and tumor spread. Monocytes infiltrate into tumors from the circulation along defined chemotactic gradients, differentiate into tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and then accumulate in the hypoxic areas. Elevated TAM density in some regions or overall TAM numbers are correlated with increased tumor angiogenesis and a reduced host survival in the case of various types of tumors. To evaluate the role of TAMs in tumor growth, we here specifically eliminated TAMs by in vivo application of dichloromethylene diphosphonate (DMDP)-containing liposomes to mice bearing various types of tumors (e.g., B16 melanoma, KLN205 squamous cell carcinoma, and 3LL Lewis lung cancer), all of which grew in the dermis of syngeneic mouse skin. When DMDP-liposomes were injected into four spots to surround the tumor on day 0 or 5 after tumor injection and every third day thereafter, both the induction of TAMs and the tumor growth were suppressed in a dose-dependent and injection number-dependent manner; and unexpectedly, the tumor cells were rejected by 12 injections of three times-diluted DMDP-liposomes. The absence of TAMs in turn induced the invasion of inflammatory cells into or around the tumors; and the major population of effector cells cytotoxic against the target tumor cells were CD11b(+) monocytic macrophages, but not CCR3(+) eosinophils or Gr-1(+) neutrophils. These results indicate that both the absence of TAMs and invasion of CD11b(+) monocytic macrophages resulted in the tumor rejection.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD11b Antigen/biosynthesis
- CD11b Antigen/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Clodronic Acid/administration & dosage
- Clodronic Acid/immunology
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Immunohistochemistry
- Injections, Intradermal
- Liposomes
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Receptors, CCR3/biosynthesis
- Receptors, CCR3/immunology
- Receptors, Chemokine/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Chemokine/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Takahashi
- Department of Physiology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, 569-8686 Japan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, 569-8686 Japan
| | - Minenori Ibata
- Department of Physiology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, 569-8686 Japan
| | - Zhiqian Yu
- Department of Molecular Regulation, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan
| | - Yosuke Shikama
- Department of Molecular Regulation, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan
| | - Yasuo Endo
- Department of Molecular Regulation, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575 Japan
| | - Yasunori Miyauchi
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Showa University School of Dentistry, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555 Japan
| | - Masanori Nakamura
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Showa University School of Dentistry, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555 Japan
| | - Junko Tashiro-Yamaji
- Department of Physiology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, 569-8686 Japan
| | - Sayako Miura-Takeda
- Department of Physiology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, 569-8686 Japan
| | - Tetsunosuke Shimizu
- Department of Physiology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, 569-8686 Japan
| | - Masashi Okada
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, 569-8686 Japan
| | - Koichi Ueda
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, 569-8686 Japan
| | - Takahiro Kubota
- Department of Physiology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, 569-8686 Japan
| | - Ryotaro Yoshida
- Department of Physiology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, 569-8686 Japan
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Salomskaite-Davalgiene S, Cepurniene K, Satkauskas S, Venslauskas MS, Mir LM. Extent of cell electrofusion in vitro and in vivo is cell line dependent. Anticancer Res 2009; 29:3125-3130. [PMID: 19661325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electric pulses delivered to cells that are in close contact may induce cell fusion, by a process termed electrofusion. Recently it has been shown that electrofusion in tumours in vivo depends on tumour type. The aim of this work was to examine the differences in electrofusion in various cell lines, both in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS LPB, B16F10 and DC-3F cells in vitro and LLC tumours in vivo were exposed to various electric pulses. The number of fused cells was then evaluated. RESULTS Cell electropermeabilization was confirmed to be a necessary but non-exclusive condition to obtain a high level of cell electrofusion. The extent of electrofusion depends both on the degree of permeabilization and cell type. CONCLUSION It was observed that metastatic tumour cells easily electrofuse, suggesting that cell type-specific membrane properties and/or secretion of proteases determine the extent of electrofusion.
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Tan GH, Li YN, Huang FY, Wang H, Bai RZ, Jang J. Combination of Recombinant Xenogeneic Endoglin DNA and Protein Vaccination Enhances Anti-tumor Effects. Immunol Invest 2009; 36:423-40. [PMID: 17691024 DOI: 10.1080/08820130701361103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The immunization approaches with DNA vaccine priming and subsequent protein or peptide boosting has been widely tested in various models of infectious diseases. However, these approaches are seldom reported in the areas of cancer immunotherapy. In this study we combined endoglin plasmid DNA and recombinant protein as vaccines and used them to prime and boost, simultaneously, as a vaccine strategy. Our results showed that combination of endoglin DNA and protein vaccines could enhance both protective and therapeutic anti-tumor efficacy in both colon carcinoma and Lewis lung carcinoma models. Significant inhibition of tumor angiogenesis was found in the tumor tissues. The titers of autoantibodies against murine endoglin were significantly increased and the antibody levels lasted longer in the mice with combined endoglin DNA and recombinant protein vaccination. CTL response against endoglin-positive HUVECs, but not against endoglin-negative tumor cells was found in the mice combined DNA with protein vaccination. In addition, combination of endoglin DNA and recombinant protein vaccination significantly induced IFN-gamma secreting cells. These observations suggested that a combination of endoglin DNA and recombinant protein immunization as a vaccine strategy was superior to those using endoglin DNA or recombinant protein alone as vaccines.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/blood supply
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Colorectal Neoplasms/blood supply
- Colorectal Neoplasms/immunology
- Colorectal Neoplasms/therapy
- Endoglin
- Immunization Schedule
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neovascularization, Pathologic
- Recombinant Proteins/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
- Vaccines, DNA/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hong Tan
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, People's Republic of China.
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Bai RZ, Wu Y, Liu Q, Xie K, Wei YQ, Wang YS, Liu K, Luo Y, Su JM, Hu B, Liu JY, Li Q, Niu T, Zhao ZW, Yang L. Suppression of lung cancer in murine model: treated by combination of recombinant human endostsatin adenovirus with low-dose cisplatin. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2009; 28:31. [PMID: 19265510 PMCID: PMC2657125 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-28-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/05/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sustained growth of tumors necessitates neovascularization. As one of the potent endogenous vascular inhibitors, endostatin has been widely used in antiangiogenesis therapy for tumor. Cisplatin is normally administered in chemotherapy for lung cancer but accompanied with serious side effects. In the current study, we investigated a novel chemo-antiangiogenesis therapeutic strategy to both improve toxic effects on lung cancer cells and reduce damages to normal cells in the anti-tumor therapy. METHODS In vitro, we transduced LLC cells with Ad-hEndo and collected supernatants. Western blotting analysis of the supernatants revealed expression of endostatin. In vivo, to fully investigate the suppression effect on murine lung cancer of the combination therapy, we injected recombinant human endostatin adenovirus intratumorally plus a low dose of cisplatin intraperitoneally routinely. The tumor volume and survival time were observed. Angiogenesis was apparently inhibited within the tumor tissues and on the alginate beads. Assessment of apoptotic cells by the TUNEL assay was conducted in the tumor tissues. RESULTS The combination treatment significantly suppressed the tumor growth and prolonged survival time of the murine LLC tumor model. This anti-tumor activity was associated with decreased microvessel density and increased apoptotic index of tumor cells. CONCLUSION According to the results in this study, recombinant human endostatin adenovirus in combination with a low dose of cisplatin demonstrated apparent synergistic anti-tumor activity without marked toxicity. Thus, these observations may provide a rational alternative for lung cancer treatment.
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MESH Headings
- Adenoviridae/genetics
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/blood supply
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cisplatin/pharmacology
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Endostatins/biosynthesis
- Endostatins/genetics
- Female
- Genetic Therapy/methods
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/blood supply
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/therapy
- Random Allocation
- Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Transduction, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Z Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Keyuan Fourth Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Keyuan Fourth Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Quan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Keyuan Fourth Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ke Xie
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Yu Q Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Keyuan Fourth Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yong S Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Keyuan Fourth Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Kang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Keyuan Fourth Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Keyuan Fourth Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jing M Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Keyuan Fourth Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Bing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Keyuan Fourth Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ji Y Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Keyuan Fourth Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Keyuan Fourth Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ting Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Keyuan Fourth Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhi W Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Keyuan Fourth Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Keyuan Fourth Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, inefficient delivery of therapeutic doses of radionuclides to solid tumors limits the clinical utility of radioimmunotherapy. We aim to test the therapeutic utility of Yttrium-90 ((90)Y)-radio-conjugates of a monoclonal antibody, which we showed previously to bind specifically to the abundant intracellular La ribonucleoprotein revealed in dead tumor cells after DNA-damaging treatment. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Immunoconjugates of the DAB4 clone of the La-specific monoclonal antibody, APOMAB, were prepared using the metal chelator, 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), and then radiolabeled with (90)Y. Mice bearing established subcutaneous tumors were treated with (90)Y-DOTA-DAB4 alone or after chemotherapy. Non-radiosensitizing cyclophosphamide/etoposide chemotherapy was used for the syngeneic EL4 lymphoma model. Radiosensitizing cisplatin/gemcitabine chemotherapy was used for the syngeneic Lewis Lung carcinoma (LL2) model, and for the xenograft models of LNCaP prostatic carcinoma and Panc-1 pancreatic carcinoma. We demonstrate the safety, specificity, and efficacy of (90)Y-DOTA-DAB4-radioimmunotherapy alone or combined with chemotherapy. EL4 lymphoma-bearing mice either were cured at higher doses of radioimmunotherapy alone or lower doses of radioimmunotherapy in synergy with chemotherapy. Radioimmunotherapy alone was less effective in chemo- and radio-resistant carcinoma models. However, radioimmunotherapy synergized with radiosensitizing chemotherapy to retard significantly tumor regrowth and so prolong the survival of mice bearing LL2, LNCaP, or Panc-1 subcutaneous tumor implants. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE We report proof-of-concept data supporting a unique form of radioimmunotherapy, which delivers bystander killing to viable cancer cells after targeting the universal cancer antigen, La, created by DNA-damaging treatment in neighboring dead cancer cells. Subsequently we propose that DAB4-targeted ionizing radiation induces additional cycles of tumor cell death, which further augments DAB4 binding to produce a tumor-lethal 'genotoxic chain reaction'. Clinically, this approach may be useful as consolidation treatment after a drug-induced cell death among (small-volume) metastatic deposits, the commonest cause of cancer death. This article is part II of a two-part series providing proof-of-concept for the diagnostic and therapeutic use of the DAB4 clone of the La-specific monoclonal antibody, APOMAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Al-Ejeh
- Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Hanson Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jocelyn M. Darby
- Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Hanson Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael P. Brown
- Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Hanson Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Abstract
PURPOSE Design of cancer radiotherapy protocol to reduce radiation dose and increase treatment efficacy in Lewis lung cancer (LLC) model. METHODS C57BL/6J mice subcutaneously implanted with LLC were treated by conventional radiotherapy (2Gy x 6) combined with LDWBI (low dose whole-body irradiation; the second, third, fifth and sixth local doses of 2Gy each substituted by LDWBI with 0.075Gy) and/or gene therapy (intratumor injection of pEgr-IL-18-B7.1 plasmid 24 h before the first and fourth local doses). Immunologic mechanisms were explored. RESULTS Cancer control was most significantly improved in the group receiving local radiotherapy combined with LDWBI and gene therapy as shown by prolongation of mean survival time by 60.4%, reduction in average tumor weight by 70.8%, decrease in pulmonary metastasis by 66.9% and decrease in intratumor angiogenesis by 64.8% as compared to local radiotherapy alone (p < 0.05). These changes in tumor growth and progression were accompanied with up-regulation of host immunity manifested by stimulated NK (natural killer) and CTL (cytotoxic T lymphocyte) activity, IFN (interferon)-gamma and TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-alpha secretion, PKC (protein kinase C)-theta activation and LAMP (lysosomal associated membrane protein)-1 expression. CONCLUSION Combination of conventional radiotherapy with LDWBI and gene transfer could reduce total radiation dose by 2/3 and at the same time improve treatment efficacy of cancer accompanied with up-regulated host anticancer immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wu
- Immunology Laboratory, MH Radiobiology Research Unit, Jilin University School of Public Health, Changchun, China
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50
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Lin Y, Xiong S, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Cai Y, Xu L, Chu Y. Big tumor regression induced by GM-CSF gene-modified 3LL tumor cells via facilitating DC maturation and deviation toward CD11c+CD8alpha+ subset. DNA Cell Biol 2008; 26:863-72. [PMID: 17760559 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2007.0632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a powerful immune-stimulating factor that helps to generate a systemic, strong, and long-lasting immune response. However, whether the transduction of GM-CSF to tumor cell results in tumor regression and optimizes local immune microenvironment remains to be investigated. In this study, using an experimental murine tumor model, we demonstrated that the in vivo growth of 3LL tumor cells modified with the GM-CSF gene (3LL-GM) was inhibited even when the tumor diameter was over 7 mm (big tumor), and mice inoculated with GM-CSF gene-modified 3LL cells survived over 90 days, whereas mice inoculated with control parental 3LL cells and 3LL cells transduced with control vector all succumbed to the tumor by day 17 after tumor inoculation. Further analysis showed that targeted expression of GM-CSF in 3LL tumor cells markedly enhanced the systemic antitumor effect, including specific lymphocytes proliferation, cytotoxicity against 3LL tumor, and increased production of IFN-gamma. GM-CSF gene-modified 3LL cells significantly protected the mice from the parental 3LL tumor challenge. More importantly, the percentage of dendritic cells (DCs) in tumor site was greatly increased and the DCs differentiated into CD11c(+)CD8alpha(+) cells, which were reported to be able to benefit the induction of CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) that contribute to tumor regression. Our research indicated that GM-CSF could optimize the immune microenvironment in the tumor site, which provides a potent approach for immunotherapy of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lin
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Immunobiology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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