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Zhao F, Cui Z, Wang P, Zhao Z, Zhu K, Bai Y, Jin X, Wang L, Lu L. GRP75-dependent mitochondria-ER contacts ensure cell survival during early mouse thymocyte development. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00385-X. [PMID: 38981469 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum contacts (MERCs) control multiple cellular processes, including cell survival and differentiation. Based on the observations that MERCs were specifically enriched in the CD4-CD8- double-negative (DN) stage, we studied their role in early mouse thymocyte development. We found that T cell-specific knockout of Hspa9, which encodes GRP75, a protein that mediates MERC formation by assembling the IP3R-GRP75-VDAC complex, impaired DN3 thymocyte viability and resulted in thymocyte developmental arrest at the DN3-DN4 transition. Mechanistically, GRP75 deficiency induced mitochondrial stress, releasing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the cytosol and triggering the type I interferon (IFN-I) response. The IFN-I pathway contributed to both the impairment of cell survival and DN3-DN4 transition blockage, while increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) played a major role downstream of IFN-I. Thus, our study identifies the essential role of GRP75-dependent MERCs in early thymocyte development and the governing facts of cell survival and differentiation in the DN stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhao
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Rheumatology at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zejin Cui
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Rheumatology at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Rheumatology at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Future Health Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314100, China
| | - Zhishan Zhao
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Rheumatology at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiology of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yadan Bai
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Rheumatology at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Future Health Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314100, China
| | - Xuexiao Jin
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Rheumatology at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lie Wang
- Future Health Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314100, China; Bone Marrow Transplantation Center and Institute of Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Linrong Lu
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Rheumatology at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China; Future Health Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314100, China.
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2
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Yang R, Yang M, Wu Z, Liu B, Zheng M, Lu L, Wu S. Tespa1 deficiency reduces the antitumour immune response by decreasing CD8 +T cell activity in a mouse Lewis lung cancer model. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110865. [PMID: 37660596 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Thymocyte-expressed, positive selection-associated 1 (Tespa1) is a key molecule in T-cell development and has been linked to immune diseases. However, its role in antitumour CD8+T cell immunity remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that Tespa1 plays an important role in antitumour CD8+T cell immunity. First, compared with wild-type (WT) mice, Lewis lung cancer cells grew faster in Tespa1 knockout (Tespa1-/-) mice, with reduced apoptosis, and decreased CD8+T cells in peripheral blood and tumor tissues. Second, the proportion of CD8+T and Th1 cells in the splenocytes of Tespa1-/- mice was lower than that in WT mice. Third, Tespa1-/- CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) showed weakened proliferation, invasion, cytotoxicity, and protein expression of IL-2 signalling pathway components compared to WT CD8+TILs. Furthermore, PD-1 expression in CD8+TILs was higher in Tespa1-/- than in WT mice. Lastly, CD8+TILs in WT mice improved the antitumour ability of Tespa1-/- mice. In conclusion, these findings suggest that Tespa1 plays a critical role in the tumor immune system by regulating CD8+T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhui Yang
- School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Taizhou Vocational and Technical College, Taizhou 318000, China; Department of Pharmacology, Lishui University School of Medicine, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Mingyue Yang
- The First Clinical Department, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zehua Wu
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Bingjin Liu
- School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Taizhou Vocational and Technical College, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Mingzhu Zheng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210003, China
| | - Linrong Lu
- Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Songquan Wu
- Department of Immunology, Lishui University School of Medicine, Lishui 323000, China.
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3
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Hao Y, Li R, Min Y. Platinum-Based Twin Drug Modulates Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells to Improve Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy. J Med Chem 2023; 66:13607-13621. [PMID: 37728887 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Chemoimmunotherapy is an area of active research and development with a growing body of evidence supporting its potential benefits for the treatment of cancer. However, chemotherapy components of chemoimmunotherapy have several limitations, including systemic toxicity and poor performance in reversing the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Here, we designed a twin drug, MROP, complexed with all-trans retinoic acid and oxaliplatin, and showed that the twin drug significantly enhanced the synergetic therapeutic efficacy with anti-PD-1 in a colorectal cancer mouse model. We demonstrated by mechanistic analyses of tumor tissue that the combination of anti-PD-1 and MROP induced immunogenic cell death and regulated tumor-infiltrating immune cells, including the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages toward type 1, a reduction in myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and a significant increase in the proportion of T cells, particularly CD8+ T cells. This paper provides a promising strategy for cancer treatment and new insight into the mechanism of chemoimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Hao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yuanzeng Min
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Anhui Provincial Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Lab of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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4
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Torres RM, Turner JA, D’Antonio M, Pelanda R, Kremer KN. Regulation of CD8 T-cell signaling, metabolism, and cytotoxic activity by extracellular lysophosphatidic acid. Immunol Rev 2023; 317:203-222. [PMID: 37096808 PMCID: PMC10523933 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an endogenous bioactive lipid that is produced extracellularly and signals to cells via cognate LPA receptors, which are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Mature lymphocytes in mice and humans express three LPA receptors, LPA2 , LPA5, and LPA6 , and work from our group has determined that LPA5 signaling by T lymphocytes inhibits specific antigen-receptor signaling pathways that ultimately impair lymphocyte activation, proliferation, and function. In this review, we discuss previous and ongoing work characterizing the ability of an LPA-LPA5 axis to serve as a peripheral immunological tolerance mechanism that restrains adaptive immunity but is subverted during settings of chronic inflammation. Specifically, LPA-LPA5 signaling is found to regulate effector cytotoxic CD8 T cells by (at least) two mechanisms: (i) regulating the actin-microtubule cytoskeleton in a manner that impairs immunological synapse formation between an effector CD8 T cell and antigen-specific target cell, thus directly impairing cytotoxic activity, and (ii) shifting T-cell metabolism to depend on fatty-acid oxidation for mitochondrial respiration and reducing metabolic efficiency. The in vivo outcome of LPA5 inhibitory activity impairs CD8 T-cell killing and tumor immunity in mouse models providing impetus to consider LPA5 antagonism for the treatment of malignancies and chronic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul M. Torres
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora Colorado, 80045
| | - Jacqueline A. Turner
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora Colorado, 80045
| | - Marc D’Antonio
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora Colorado, 80045
| | - Roberta Pelanda
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora Colorado, 80045
| | - Kimberly N. Kremer
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora Colorado, 80045
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5
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Lu Y, Yang L, Shen M, Zhang Z, Wang S, Chen F, Chen N, Xu Y, Zeng H, Chen M, Chen S, Wang F, Hu M, Wang J. Tespa1 facilitates hematopoietic and leukemic stem cell maintenance by restricting c-Myc degradation. Leukemia 2023; 37:1039-1047. [PMID: 36997676 PMCID: PMC10169665 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01880-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and leukemia stem cells (LSCs) have robust self-renewal potential, which is responsible for sustaining normal and malignant hematopoiesis, respectively. Although considerable efforts have been made to explore the regulation of HSC and LSC maintenance, the underlying molecular mechanism remains obscure. Here, we observe that the expression of thymocyte-expressed, positive selection-associated 1 (Tespa1) is markedly increased in HSCs after stresses exposure. Of note, deletion of Tespa1 results in short-term expansion but long-term exhaustion of HSCs in mice under stress conditions due to impaired quiescence. Mechanistically, Tespa1 can interact with CSN subunit 6 (CSN6), a subunit of COP9 signalosome, to prevent ubiquitination-mediated degradation of c-Myc protein in HSCs. As a consequence, forcing c-Myc expression improves the functional defect of Tespa1-null HSCs. On the other hand, Tespa1 is identified to be highly enriched in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells and is essential for AML cell growth. Furthermore, using MLL-AF9-induced AML model, we find that Tespa1 deficiency suppresses leukemogenesis and LSC maintenance. In summary, our findings reveal the important role of Tespa1 in promoting HSC and LSC maintenance and therefore provide new insights on the feasibility of hematopoietic regeneration and AML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukai Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Frontier Medical Training Brigade, Third Military Medical University, Xinjiang, 831200, China
| | - Lijing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Mingqiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Song Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Naicheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Mo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shilei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Mengjia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Junping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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6
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Wu L, Brzostek J, Sakthi Vale PD, Wei Q, Koh CKT, Ong JXH, Wu LZ, Tan JC, Chua YL, Yap J, Song Y, Tan VJY, Tan TYY, Lai J, MacAry PA, Gascoigne NRJ. CD28-CAR-T cell activation through FYN kinase signaling rather than LCK enhances therapeutic performance. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100917. [PMID: 36696897 PMCID: PMC9975250 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.100917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Signal transduction induced by chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) is generally believed to rely on the activity of the SRC family kinase (SFK) LCK, as is the case with T cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Here, we show that CAR signaling occurs in the absence of LCK. This LCK-independent signaling requires the related SFK FYN and a CD28 intracellular domain within the CAR. LCK-deficient CAR-T cells are strongly signaled through CAR and have better in vivo efficacy with reduced exhaustion phenotype and enhanced induction of memory and proliferation. These distinctions can be attributed to the fact that FYN signaling tends to promote proliferation and survival, whereas LCK signaling promotes strong signaling that tends to lead to exhaustion. This non-canonical signaling of CAR-T cells provides insight into the initiation of both TCR and CAR signaling and has important clinical implications for improvement of CAR function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wu
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Joanna Brzostek
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Previtha Dawn Sakthi Vale
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Qianru Wei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Clara K T Koh
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - June Xu Hui Ong
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Liang-Zhe Wu
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Jia Chi Tan
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Yen Leong Chua
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Jiawei Yap
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Yuan Song
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vivian Jia Yi Tan
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Triscilla Y Y Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Junyun Lai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paul A MacAry
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicholas R J Gascoigne
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Cancer Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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7
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Lu W, Helou YA, Shrinivas K, Liou J, Au-Yeung BB, Weiss A. The phosphatidylinositol-transfer protein Nir3 promotes PI(4,5)P 2 replenishment in response to TCR signaling during T cell development and survival. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:136-147. [PMID: 36581712 PMCID: PMC9810531 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01372-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by phospholipase C-γ (PLCγ1) represents a critical step in T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling and subsequent thymocyte and T cell responses. PIP2 replenishment following its depletion in the plasma membrane (PM) is dependent on delivery of its precursor phosphatidylinositol (PI) from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the PM. We show that a PI transfer protein (PITP), Nir3 (Pitpnm2), promotes PIP2 replenishment following TCR stimulation and is important for T cell development. In Nir3-/- T lineage cells, the PIP2 replenishment following TCR stimulation is slower. Nir3 deficiency attenuates calcium mobilization in double-positive (DP) thymocytes in response to weak TCR stimulation. This impaired TCR signaling leads to attenuated thymocyte development at TCRβ selection and positive selection as well as diminished mature T cell fitness in Nir3-/- mice. This study highlights the importance of PIP2 replenishment mediated by PITPs at ER-PM junctions during TCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Lu
- Rosalind Russell and Ephraim P. Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Departments of Medicine and of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ynes A Helou
- Rosalind Russell and Ephraim P. Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Departments of Medicine and of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Clade Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Krishna Shrinivas
- NSF-Simons Center for Mathematical & Statistical Analysis of Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jen Liou
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Byron B Au-Yeung
- Division of Immunology, Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Arthur Weiss
- Rosalind Russell and Ephraim P. Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Departments of Medicine and of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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8
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Bao X, Qin Y, Lu L, Zheng M. Transcriptional Regulation of Early T-Lymphocyte Development in Thymus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:884569. [PMID: 35432347 PMCID: PMC9008359 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.884569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
T-lymphocytes play crucial roles for maintaining immune homeostasis by fighting against various pathogenic microorganisms and establishing self-antigen tolerance. They will go through several stages and checkpoints in the thymus from progenitors to mature T cells, from CD4-CD8- double negative (DN) cells to CD4+CD8+ double positive (DP) cells, finally become CD4+ or CD8+ single positive (SP) cells. The mature SP cells then emigrate out of the thymus and further differentiate into distinct subsets under different environment signals to perform specific functions. Each step is regulated by various transcriptional regulators downstream of T cell receptors (TCRs) that have been extensively studied both in vivo and vitro via multiple mouse models and advanced techniques, such as single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq). This review will summarize the transcriptional regulators participating in the early stage of T cell development reported in the past decade, trying to figure out cascade networks in each process and provide possible research directions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyang Bao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingyu Qin
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linrong Lu
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Renji Hospital, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingzhu Zheng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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9
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LPA suppresses T cell function by altering the cytoskeleton and disrupting immune synapse formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2118816119. [PMID: 35394866 PMCID: PMC9169816 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2118816119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer and chronic infections often increase levels of the bioactive lipid, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), that we have demonstrated acts as an inhibitory ligand upon binding LPAR5 on CD8 T cells, suppressing cytotoxic activity and tumor control. This study, using human and mouse primary T lymphocytes, reveals how LPA disrupts antigen-specific CD8 T cell:target cell immune synapse (IS) formation and T cell function via competing for cytoskeletal regulation. Specifically, we find upon antigen-specific T cell:target cell formation, IP3R1 localizes to the IS by a process dependent on mDia1 and actin and microtubule polymerization. LPA not only inhibited IP3R1 from reaching the IS but also altered T cell receptor (TCR)–induced localization of RhoA and mDia1 impairing F-actin accumulation and altering the tubulin code. Consequently, LPA impeded calcium store release and IS-directed cytokine secretion. Thus, targeting LPA signaling in chronic inflammatory conditions may rescue T cell function and promote antiviral and antitumor immunity.
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10
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Lu L. Mobilizing ER IP3 receptors as a mechanism to enhance calcium signaling. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:2284-2285. [PMID: 34253857 PMCID: PMC8429457 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00725-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Linrong Lu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInstitute of Immunology, and Department of Rheumatology in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XZhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining, P. R. China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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11
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KRAP tethers IP 3 receptors to actin and licenses them to evoke cytosolic Ca 2+ signals. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4514. [PMID: 34301929 PMCID: PMC8302619 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24739-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of IP3 receptors (IP3Rs) by IP3 and Ca2+ allows regenerative Ca2+ signals, the smallest being Ca2+ puffs, which arise from coordinated openings of a few clustered IP3Rs. Cells express thousands of mostly mobile IP3Rs, yet Ca2+ puffs occur at a few immobile IP3R clusters. By imaging cells with endogenous IP3Rs tagged with EGFP, we show that KRas-induced actin-interacting protein (KRAP) tethers IP3Rs to actin beneath the plasma membrane. Loss of KRAP abolishes Ca2+ puffs and the global increases in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration evoked by more intense stimulation. Over-expressing KRAP immobilizes additional IP3R clusters and results in more Ca2+ puffs and larger global Ca2+ signals. Endogenous KRAP determines which IP3Rs will respond: it tethers IP3R clusters to actin alongside sites where store-operated Ca2+ entry occurs, licenses IP3Rs to evoke Ca2+ puffs and global cytosolic Ca2+ signals, implicates the actin cytoskeleton in IP3R regulation and may allow local activation of Ca2+ entry.
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12
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Lutes LK, Steier Z, McIntyre LL, Pandey S, Kaminski J, Hoover AR, Ariotti S, Streets A, Yosef N, Robey EA. T cell self-reactivity during thymic development dictates the timing of positive selection. eLife 2021; 10:e65435. [PMID: 33884954 PMCID: PMC8116051 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional tuning of T cells based on their degree of self-reactivity is established during positive selection in the thymus, although how positive selection differs for thymocytes with relatively low versus high self-reactivity is unclear. In addition, preselection thymocytes are highly sensitive to low-affinity ligands, but the mechanism underlying their enhanced T cell receptor (TCR) sensitivity is not fully understood. Here we show that murine thymocytes with low self-reactivity experience briefer TCR signals and complete positive selection more slowly than those with high self-reactivity. Additionally, we provide evidence that cells with low self-reactivity retain a preselection gene expression signature as they mature, including genes previously implicated in modulating TCR sensitivity and a novel group of ion channel genes. Our results imply that thymocytes with low self-reactivity downregulate TCR sensitivity more slowly during positive selection, and associate membrane ion channel expression with thymocyte self-reactivity and progress through positive selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia K Lutes
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Zoë Steier
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Laura L McIntyre
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Shraddha Pandey
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - James Kaminski
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Ashley R Hoover
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Silvia Ariotti
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Aaron Streets
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Nir Yosef
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and HarvardCambridgeUnited States
| | - Ellen A Robey
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
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13
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Horkova V, Drobek A, Mueller D, Gubser C, Niederlova V, Wyss L, King CG, Zehn D, Stepanek O. Dynamics of the Coreceptor-LCK Interactions during T Cell Development Shape the Self-Reactivity of Peripheral CD4 and CD8 T Cells. Cell Rep 2021; 30:1504-1514.e7. [PMID: 32023465 PMCID: PMC7003063 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Overtly self-reactive T cells are removed during thymic selection. However, it has been recently established that T cell self-reactivity promotes protective immune responses. Apparently, the level of self-reactivity of mature T cells must be tightly balanced. Our mathematical model and experimental data show that the dynamic regulation of CD4- and CD8-LCK coupling establish the self-reactivity of the peripheral T cell pool. The stoichiometry of the interaction between CD8 and LCK, but not between CD4 and LCK, substantially increases upon T cell maturation. As a result, peripheral CD8+ T cells are more self-reactive than CD4+ T cells. The different levels of self-reactivity of mature CD8+ and CD4+ T cells likely reflect the unique roles of these subsets in immunity. These results indicate that the evolutionary selection pressure tuned the CD4-LCK and CD8-LCK stoichiometries, as they represent the unique parts of the proximal T cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathway, which differ between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Coupling of CD8-LCK but not CD4-LCK increases upon T cell maturation Dynamics of coreceptor-LCK coupling stoichiometry establish T cell self-reactivity CD8+ T cells are more self-reactive than CD4+ T cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Horkova
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Drobek
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Mueller
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Celine Gubser
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Veronika Niederlova
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lena Wyss
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center (BMC) Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Carolyn G King
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dietmar Zehn
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Ondrej Stepanek
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
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14
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Src-mediated Tyr353 phosphorylation of IP3R1 promotes its stability and causes apoptosis in palmitic acid-treated hepatocytes. Exp Cell Res 2021; 399:112438. [PMID: 33358861 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Palmitic acid (PA)-induced hepatocyte apoptosis is critical for the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 (IP3R1) is an intracellular Ca2+-release channel and is involved in PA-induced hepatocyte apoptosis. While the expression of IP3R1 is elevated in patients with NAFLD and in hepatocytes treated with PA, it remains unclear how PA promotes the expression of IP3R1. In present study, our results showed that PA induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis, which is accompanied with the increase of the IP3R1 expression in hepatic cells. The inhibition of IP3R1 expression using siRNA ameliorated the PA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, PA enhanced the stability of the IP3R1 protein instead of an increase in its mRNA levels. PA also promoted the phosphorylation of IP3R1 at the Tyr353 site and increased the phosphorylation of src in hepatic cells. Moreover, an inhibitor of src kinase (SU6656) significantly reduced the Tyr353 phosphorylation of IP3R1 and decreased its stability. In addition, SU6656 improved mitochondrial function and reduced apoptosis in hepatocytes. Conclusion: PA promotes the Tyr353 phosphorylation of IP3R1 by activating the src pathway and increasing the protein stability of IP3R1, which consequently results in mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatic cells. Our results also suggested that inhibition of the src/IP3R1 pathway, such as by SU6656, may be a novel potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of NAFLD.
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15
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Yang R, Wang G, Li L, He H, Zheng M, Lu L, Wu S. Tespa1 plays a role in the modulation of airway hyperreactivity through the IL-4/STAT6 pathway. J Transl Med 2020; 18:444. [PMID: 33228696 PMCID: PMC7685668 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02621-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymocyte-expressed, positive selection-associated 1 (Tespa1) is a critical signaling molecule in thymocyte development. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of Tespa1 on mast cells in the pathogenesis of asthma and its relationship with the interleukin (IL)-4/signal transducers and activators of transcription 6 (STAT6) signaling pathway. METHODS Tespa1 mRNA expression analysis and IgE levels were carried out using the induced sputum of 33 adults with stable asthma and 36 healthy controls. Tespa1-knockout mice (Tespa1-/-, KO) and C57BL/6 background (wild-type, WT) mice were sensitized and treated with ovalbumin (OVA) to establish an asthma model. Pathological changes, number and activity of mast cells, and changes in activation of the IL-4/STAT6 pathway in lung tissue were detected. The changes of tryptase expression and STAT6 activation after mast cell gene knockout were analyzed in vitro. The changes of enzyme expression and STAT6 activation after mast cell gene knockout were analyzed in vitro. The association between the Tespa1 and p-STAT6 was analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation method. RESULTS Compared with the healthy controls, Tespa1 expression was decreased, and IgE levels were elevated in the sputum of asthmatic patients. Animal experiments showed that Tespa1-/- mice exhibited more severe inflammation, higher quantity of goblet cells and mast cells in the bronchium, and greater expression of mast cell tryptase, which is induced by ovalbumin, than WT mice. And IL-4, IL-13, phospho-Janus kinase 1, and p-STAT6 expressions presented a higher increase in the Tespa1-/- mouse model than in the WT mouse model. Further in vitro studies confirmed that IL-4 could more significantly promote tryptase and p-STAT6 activities in Tespa1-/- mast cells than their WT counterparts. Correlation analysis results showed a negative correlation between Tespa1 and p-STAT6. Co-immunoprecipitation results demonstrated an association between Tespa1 and p-STAT6. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our results indicate that Tespa1 can negatively regulate mast cell activity, and this event is related to the mast cell IL-4/STAT6 signaling pathway and could be therapeutically exploited to treat asthma attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhui Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health, Lishui University, No. 1 Xueyuan Road, Liandu District, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Guangli Wang
- College of Medicine and Health, Lishui University, No. 1 Xueyuan Road, Liandu District, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Lingyun Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Hanjiang He
- College of Medicine and Health, Lishui University, No. 1 Xueyuan Road, Liandu District, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Mingzhu Zheng
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Linrong Lu
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Songquan Wu
- College of Medicine and Health, Lishui University, No. 1 Xueyuan Road, Liandu District, Lishui, 323000, China.
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16
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Li JY, Wang YY, Shao T, Fan DD, Lin AF, Xiang LX, Shao JZ. The zebrafish NLRP3 inflammasome has functional roles in ASC-dependent interleukin-1β maturation and gasdermin E–mediated pyroptosis. J Biol Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)49920-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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17
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New Insights in the IP 3 Receptor and Its Regulation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1131:243-270. [PMID: 31646513 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12457-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R) is a Ca2+-release channel mainly located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Three IP3R isoforms are responsible for the generation of intracellular Ca2+ signals that may spread across the entire cell or occur locally in so-called microdomains. Because of their ubiquitous expression, these channels are involved in the regulation of a plethora of cellular processes, including cell survival and cell death. To exert their proper function a fine regulation of their activity is of paramount importance. In this review, we will highlight the recent advances in the structural analysis of the IP3R and try to link these data with the newest information concerning IP3R activation and regulation. A special focus of this review will be directed towards the regulation of the IP3R by protein-protein interaction. Especially the protein family formed by calmodulin and related Ca2+-binding proteins and the pro- and anti-apoptotic/autophagic Bcl-2-family members will be highlighted. Finally, recently identified and novel IP3R regulatory proteins will be discussed. A number of these interactions are involved in cancer development, illustrating the potential importance of modulating IP3R-mediated Ca2+ signaling in cancer treatment.
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18
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Li JY, Wang YY, Shao T, Fan DD, Lin AF, Xiang LX, Shao JZ. The zebrafish NLRP3 inflammasome has functional roles in ASC-dependent interleukin-1β maturation and gasdermin E-mediated pyroptosis. J Biol Chem 2019; 295:1120-1141. [PMID: 31852739 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is one of the best-characterized inflammasomes in humans and other mammals. However, knowledge about the NLRP3 inflammasome in nonmammalian species remains limited. Here, we report the molecular and functional identification of an NLRP3 homolog (DrNLRP3) in a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. We found that DrNLRP3's overall structural architecture was shared with mammalian NLRP3s. It initiates a classical inflammasome assembly for zebrafish inflammatory caspase (DrCaspase-A/-B) activation and interleukin 1β (DrIL-1β) maturation in an apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC)-dependent manner, in which DrNLRP3 organizes DrASC into a filament that recruits DrCaspase-A/-B by homotypic pyrin domain (PYD)-PYD interactions. DrCaspase-A/-B activation in the DrNLRP3 inflammasome occurred in two steps, with DrCaspase-A being activated first and DrCaspase-B second. DrNLRP3 also directly activated full-length DrCaspase-B and elicited cell pyroptosis in a gasdermin E (GSDME)-dependent but ASC-independent manner. These two events were tightly coordinated by DrNLRP3 to ensure efficient IL-1β secretion for the initiation of host innate immunity. By knocking down DrNLRP3 in zebrafish embryos and generating a DrASC-knockout (DrASC-/-) fish clone, we characterized the function of the DrNLRP3 inflammasome in anti-bacterial immunity in vivo The results of our study disclosed the origin of the NLRP3 inflammasome in teleost fish, providing a cross-species understanding of the evolutionary history of inflammasomes. Our findings also indicate that the NLRP3 inflammasome may coordinate inflammatory cytokine processing and secretion through a GSDME-mediated pyroptotic pathway, uncovering a previously unrecognized regulatory function of NLRP3 in both inflammation and cell pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Yuan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Yi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Shao
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Dong Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Fu Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xin Xiang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Zhong Shao
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China .,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
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19
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Abstract
During thymocyte development at the double positive stage, thymocytes are subjected to a TCR quality check process termed "thymocyte selection." TCRs with proper binding capabilities to MHC molecules (with self-peptide) are able to transduce cell survival signals and allow the continuing of development to single positive T cells. It has been known that TCRs in DP cells can transduce signals with higher efficiency than peripheral mature T cells, even though they share most of the signaling components. Recent studies have revealed some thymocyte-specific signaling modulators including Themis and Tespa1. The activation of TCR signaling during positive selection results in the activation of several key transcription factors and extensive gene expression change, which has been revealed by newly developed systemic transcriptome analysis tools, and could be used for the evaluation of positive selection process. The fate determination postpositive selection is also governed on the epigenetic level including both DNA methylation and histone modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lyu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lie Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linrong Lu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, China; Department of Dermatology and Rheumatology in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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20
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Thymic-specific regulation of TCR signaling by Tespa1. Cell Mol Immunol 2019; 16:897-907. [PMID: 31316154 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0259-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Double-positive (DP) thymocytes undergo positive selection to become mature single-positive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in response to T cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Unlike mature T cells, DP cells must respond to low-affinity self-peptide-MHC ligands before full upregulation of their surface TCR expression can occur. Thus, DP thymocytes must be more sensitive to ligands than mature T cells. A number of molecules have been found that are able to enhance the strength of the TCR signal to facilitate positive selection. However, almost all of these molecules are also active in mature T cells. Themis (thymocyte expressed molecule involved in selection) and Tespa1 (thymocyte expressed positive selection associated 1) are two recently discovered molecules essential for optimal TCR signaling and thymocyte development. A deficiency in both molecules leads to defects in positive selection. Here, we compared the relative contributions of Themis and Tespa1 to positive selection in thymocytes. We show that Tespa1 deficiency led to more limited and specific gene expression profile changes in cells undergoing positive selection. In mixed bone marrow transfer experiments, Tespa1-/- cells showed more severe defects in thymocyte development than Themis-/- cells. However, Tespa1-/- cells showed a substantial degree of homeostatic expansion and became predominant in the peripheral lymphoid organs, suggesting that Tespa1 is a thymic-specific TCR signaling regulator. This hypothesis is further supported by our observations in Tespa1 conditional knockout mice, as Tespa1 deletion in peripheral T cells did not affect TCR signaling or cell proliferation. The different regulatory effects of Tespa1 and Themis are in accordance with their nonredundant roles in thymocyte selection, during which Tespa1 and Themis double knockouts showed additive defects.
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21
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Kim MS, Lee A, Cho D, Kim TS. AIMP1 regulates TCR signaling and induces differentiation of regulatory T cells by interfering with lipid raft association. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:875-880. [PMID: 31084930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In addition to a role in translation, AIMP1 is secreted to affect various immune cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells, and natural killer cells. However, the direct effects of AIMP1 on T cells have not yet been reported. In this study, we investigated whether AIMP1 could modulate T cell responses directly. Results revealed that AIMP1 significantly inhibited T cell receptor (TCR)-dependent activation and proliferation of CD4 T cells, as well as decreased TCR stimuli-induced Ca2+ influx in CD4 T cells. In addition, microscopic analysis revealed that lipid raft association in response to TCR engagement was significantly reduced in the presence of AIMP1, and the phosphorylation of PLCγ and PI3K was also down-regulated in CD4 T cells by AIMP1. Furthermore, AIMP1 specifically enhanced the differentiation of regulatory T (Treg) cells, while it had no effect on T helper type 1 (Th1), type 2 (Th2), and type 17 (Th17) cell differentiation. Collectively, these results indicate that AIMP1 affects T cells directly by down-regulating TCR signaling complex formation and inducing Treg cell differentiation in CD4 T cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium/immunology
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytokines/immunology
- Cytokines/pharmacology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Immunophenotyping
- Ion Transport/drug effects
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Membrane Microdomains/drug effects
- Membrane Microdomains/immunology
- Membrane Microdomains/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/immunology
- Phospholipase C gamma/genetics
- Phospholipase C gamma/immunology
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Primary Cell Culture
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Myun Soo Kim
- Institute of Convergence Science, Korea University, 5-ga, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Arim Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 5-ga, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeho Cho
- Institute of Convergence Science, Korea University, 5-ga, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Sung Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 5-ga, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Lee S, Min KT. The Interface Between ER and Mitochondria: Molecular Compositions and Functions. Mol Cells 2018; 41:1000-1007. [PMID: 30590907 PMCID: PMC6315321 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are essential organelles in eukaryotic cells, which play key roles in various biological pathways. Mitochondria are responsible for ATP production, maintenance of Ca2+ homeostasis and regulation of apoptosis, while ER is involved in protein folding, lipid metabolism as well as Ca2+ homeostasis. These organelles have their own functions, but they also communicate via mitochondrial-associated ER membrane (MAM) to provide another level of regulations in energy production, lipid process, Ca2+ buffering, and apoptosis. Hence, defects in MAM alter cell survival and death. Here, we review components forming the molecular junctions of MAM and how MAM regulates cellular functions. Furthermore, we discuss the effects of impaired ER-mitochondrial communication in various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919,
Korea
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Proteostasis, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919,
Korea
| | - Kyung-Tai Min
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919,
Korea
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Proteostasis, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919,
Korea
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23
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24
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Yao Y, Huang W, Li X, Li X, Qian J, Han H, Sun H, An X, Lu L, Zhao H. Tespa1 Deficiency Dampens Thymus-Dependent B-Cell Activation and Attenuates Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Mice. Front Immunol 2018; 9:965. [PMID: 29867947 PMCID: PMC5960706 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymocyte-expressed, positive selection-associated 1 (Tespa1) plays an important role in both T cell receptor (TCR)-driven thymocyte development and in the FcεRI-mediated activation of mast cells. Herein, we show that lack of Tespa1 does not impair B cell development but dampens the in vitro activation and proliferation of B cells induced by T cell-dependent (TD) antigens, significantly reduces serum antibody concentrations in vivo, and impairs germinal center formation in both aged and TD antigen-immunized mice. We also provide evidence that dysregulated signaling in Tespa1-deficient B cells may be linked to CD40-induced TRAF6 degradation, and subsequent effects on 1-phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2 (PLCγ2) phosphorylation, MAPK activation, and calcium influx. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Tespa1 plays a critical role in pathogenic B cells, since Tespa1-deficient chimeric mice showed a lower incidence and clinical disease severity of collagen-induced arthritis. Overall, our study demonstrates that Tespa1 is essential for TD B cell responses, and suggests an important role for Tespa1 during the development of autoimmune arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunliang Yao
- Program in Molecular and Translational Medicine (PMTM), School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Wei Huang
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Program in Molecular and Translational Medicine (PMTM), School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Xiawei Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Qian
- Program in Molecular and Translational Medicine (PMTM), School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Hui Han
- First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Hui Sun
- First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Xiangli An
- Program in Molecular and Translational Medicine (PMTM), School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Linrong Lu
- School of Medicine, Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongxing Zhao
- First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
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