1
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Benhaij A, Mounkachi O. Two-dimensional bilayer blue phosphorus Dirac-like material: a multi-orbital tight-binding investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024. [PMID: 39177041 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01988a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
This study presents a theoretical examination of the electronic band structure of AA (AB) stacked bilayer blue phosphorus system within the fifth intralayer (5NN) and second interlayer nearest-neighbor (2NN) multi-orbital tight-binding (MOTB) approach. The variation of energy levels has been investigated through the symmetrical tensile strain of the low-buckled honeycomb lattice. Here, the primary objective is to examine the existence of Dirac electronic features in hexagonal stacked bilayer geometry. Our theoretical calculations predict that the AA bilayer is a new hexagonal two-dimensional material with px,y-orbital Dirac-like states at the high-symmetry K point. Consequently, these systems can host massless (massive) Dirac fermions. In particular, the AA bilayer exhibits zero-gap Dirac-like properties and manifests distinguishable Dirac-like cones in the presence of weak spin-orbit coupling when a modest stretch of 2.30% is achieved with a remarkably high Fermi velocity of approximately vf ≈ 0.12 × 105 m s-1. The behavior of the dispersion bands aligns reasonably well with recent experimental observations. Moreover, a stretch of 7.17% breaks some of the sublattice equivalence and enhances the spin-orbit interaction, resulting in the emergence of an electronic band gap of approximately ≈ 0.27 eV in the proximity of the high-symmetry K point. Furthermore, the tiny gap induced by the spin-orbit interaction implies topological nontriviality in the electronic state (quantum anomalous Hall state) of the honeycomb lattice. These findings categorize the AA bilayer as a rare two-dimensional Dirac-like material. This work provides, to the extent of our knowledge, a pioneering investigation into the existence of Dirac electronic properties in bilayer blue phosphorus. In addition, we present the first derivation of the MOTB model. However, the identified electronic characteristics designate this two-dimensional system as an ideal candidate for high-performance nanoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Benhaij
- Laboratory of Condensed Matter and Interdisciplinary Sciences (LaMCScI), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University of Rabat, BP 1014, RP Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Omar Mounkachi
- Laboratory of Condensed Matter and Interdisciplinary Sciences (LaMCScI), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University of Rabat, BP 1014, RP Rabat, Morocco.
- College of Computing, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir, 43150, Morocco
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2
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Lyu C, Gao Y, Zhou K, Hua M, Shi Z, Liu PN, Huang L, Lin N. On-Surface Self-Assembly Kinetic Study of Cu-Hexaazatriphenylene 2D Conjugated Metal-Organic Frameworks on Coinage Metals and MoS 2 Substrates. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39031124 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Supramolecular coordination self-assembly on solid surfaces provides an effective route to form two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). In such processes, surface-adsorbate interaction plays a key role in determining the MOFs' structural and chemical properties. Here, we conduct a systematic study of Cu-HAT (HAT = 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene) 2D conjugated MOFs (c-MOFs) self-assembled on Cu(111), Au(111), Ag(111), and MoS2 substrates. Using scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory calculations, we found that the as-formed Cu3HAT2 c-MOFs on the four substrates exhibit distinctive structural features including lattice constant and molecular conformation. The structural variations can be attributed to the differentiated substrate effects on the 2D c-MOFs, including adsorption energy, lattice commensurability, and surface reactivity. Specifically, the framework grown on MoS2 is nearly identical to its free-standing counterpart. This suggests that the 2D van der Waals (vdW) materials are good candidate substrates for building intrinsic 2D MOFs, which hold promise for next-generation electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengkun Lyu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yifan Gao
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics & Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Muqing Hua
- Department of Physics, Suqian University, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, China
| | - Ziliang Shi
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics & Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Pei-Nian Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (Guangdong), Shenzhen 518045, China
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
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3
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Zhang X, Li X, Cheng Z, Chen A, Wang P, Wang X, Lei X, Bian Q, Li S, Yuan B, Gao J, Li FS, Pan M, Liu F. Large-scale 2D heterostructures from hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks and graphene with distinct Dirac and flat bands. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5934. [PMID: 39009575 PMCID: PMC11250822 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50211-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The current strategies for building 2D organic-inorganic heterojunctions involve mostly wet-chemistry processes or exfoliation and transfer, leading to interface contaminations, poor crystallizing, or limited size. Here we show a bottom-up procedure to fabricate 2D large-scale heterostructure with clean interface and highly-crystalline sheets. As a prototypical example, a well-ordered hydrogen-bonded organic framework is self-assembled on the highly-oriented-pyrolytic-graphite substrate. The organic framework adopts a honeycomb lattice with faulted/unfaulted halves in a unit cell, resemble to molecular "graphene". Interestingly, the topmost layer of substrate is self-lifted by organic framework via strong interlayer coupling, to form effectively a floating organic framework/graphene heterostructure. The individual layer of heterostructure inherits its intrinsic property, exhibiting distinct Dirac bands of graphene and narrow bands of organic framework. Our results demonstrate a promising approach to fabricate 2D organic-inorganic heterostructure with large-scale uniformity and highly-crystalline via the self-lifting effect, which is generally applicable to most of van der Waals materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xiaoyin Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Zhengwang Cheng
- School of Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Aixi Chen
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Pengdong Wang
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xingyue Wang
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xiaoxu Lei
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qi Bian
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shaojian Li
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Bingkai Yuan
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jianzhi Gao
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
| | - Fang-Sen Li
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Minghu Pan
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
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4
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Nemoto R, Arafune R, Nakano S, Tsuchiizu M, Takagi N, Suizu R, Uchihashi T, Awaga K. Chiral Honeycomb Lattices of Nonplanar π-Conjugated Supramolecules with Protected Dirac and Flat Bands. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38946088 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The honeycomb lattice is a fundamental two-dimensional (2D) network that gives rise to surprisingly rich electronic properties. While its expansion to 2D supramolecular assembly is conceptually appealing, its realization is not straightforward because of weak intermolecular coupling and the strong influence of a supporting substrate. Here, we show that the application of a triptycene derivative with phenazine moieties, Trip-Phz, solves this problem due to its strong intermolecular π-π pancake bonding and nonplanar geometry. Our scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) measurements demonstrate that Trip-Phz molecules self-assemble on a Ag(111) surface to form chiral and commensurate honeycomb lattices. Electronically, the network can be viewed as a hybrid of honeycomb and kagome lattices. The Dirac and flat bands predicted by a simple tight-binding model are reproduced by total density functional theory (DFT) calculations, highlighting the protection of the molecular bands from the Ag(111) substrate. The present work offers a rational route for creating chiral 2D supramolecules that can simultaneously accommodate pristine Dirac and flat bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Nemoto
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1, Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki305-0044, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Arafune
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1, Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki305-0044, Japan
| | - Saya Nakano
- Department of Physics, Nara Women's University, Kitauoyanishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Masahisa Tsuchiizu
- Department of Physics, Nara Women's University, Kitauoyanishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Noriaki Takagi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-nihonmatsu-cho , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Rie Suizu
- Department of Chemistry and IRCCS, Nagoya University, Furo-cho , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho , Kawaguchi , Saitama332-0012, Japan
| | - Takashi Uchihashi
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1, Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki305-0044, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-10 Nishi-8 . Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Kunio Awaga
- Department of Chemistry and IRCCS, Nagoya University, Furo-cho , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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5
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Hu T, Zhong W, Zhang T, Wang W, Wang ZF. Identifying topological corner states in two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7092. [PMID: 37925474 PMCID: PMC10625601 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42884-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the diversity of molecular building blocks, the two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are ideal platforms to realize exotic lattice models in condensed matter theory. In this work, we demonstrate the universal existence of topological corner states in 2D MOFs with a star lattice configuration, and confirm the intriguing higher-order nontrivial topology in the energy window between two Kagome-bands, or between Dirac-band and four-band. Furthermore, combining first-principles calculations and scanning tunneling microscopy measurements, the unique topological corner state is directly identified in monolayer Ni3(HITP)2 (HITP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene) grown on the Au(111) substrate. Our results not only illustrate the first organic topological state in the experiments, but also offer an exciting opportunity to study higher-order topology in 2D MOFs with the large insulating band gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Hu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Weiliang Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Tingfeng Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Z F Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, China.
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6
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Yan X, Su X, Chen J, Jin C, Chen L. Two-Dimensional Metal-Organic Frameworks Towards Spintronics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202305408. [PMID: 37258996 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202305408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic properties of predesignable topologies and tunable electronic structures, coupled with the increase of electrical conductivity, make two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks (2D MOFs) highly prospective candidates for next-generation electronic/spintronic devices. In this Minireview, we present an outline of the design principles of 2D MOF-based spintronics materials. Then, we highlight the spin-transport properties of 2D MOF-based organic spin valves (OSVs) as a notable achievement in the progress of 2D MOFs for spintronics devices. After that, we discuss the potential for spin manipulation in 2D MOFs with bipolar magnetic semiconductor (BMS) properties as a promising field for future research. Finally, we provide a brief summary and outlook to encourage the development of novel 2D MOFs for spintronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xi Su
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Chao Jin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Processing Technology, Department of Applied Physics, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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7
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He J, Liu Z. Dirac cones in bipartite square-octagon lattice: A theoretical approach. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:044713. [PMID: 37522410 DOI: 10.1063/5.0160658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dirac cones are difficult to achieve in a square lattice with full symmetry. Here, we have theoretically investigated a bipartite tetragonal lattice composed of tetragons and octagons using both Tight-Binding (TB) model and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The TB model predicts that the system exhibits nodal line semi-metallic properties when the on-site energies of all atoms are identical. When the on-site energies differ, the formation of an elliptical Dirac cone is predicted. Its physical properties (anisotropy, tilting, merging, and emerging) can be regulated by the hopping energies. An exact analytical formula is derived to determine the position of the Dirac point by the TB parameters, and a criterion for the existence of Dirac cones is obtained. The "divide-and-coupling" method is applied to understand the origin of the Dirac cone, which involves dividing the bands into several groups and examining the couplings among inter-groups and intra-groups. Various practical systems computed by DFT methods, e.g., t-BN, t-Si, 4,12,2-graphyne, and t-SiC, are also examined, and they all possess nodal lines or Dirac cones as predicted by the TB model. The results provide theoretical foundation for designing novel Dirac materials with tetragonal symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei He
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhirong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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8
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Wang R, He C, Chen W. Tunable electronic and magnetic properties of planar and corrugated phases of two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks. NANOSCALE 2023. [PMID: 37335273 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01170d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The stability of two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their physical and chemical properties for potential applications are contentious. We herein investigated geometric, electronic and magnetic properties of the planar (p-) and corrugated (c-) phases of nickel ions with hexathiolbenzene (HTB)-based coordination nanosheets (Ni3HTB). The c-Ni3HTB is an antiferromagnetic semiconductor with a direct band gap of 0.33 eV, while the p-Ni3HTB is a ferromagnetic metal. This indicates that the electronic and magnetic properties of c-Ni3HTB and p-Ni3HTB depend on their geometric pattern. Furthermore, we applied biaxial strain and molecular adsorption to control their electronic and magnetic properties. In addition, we have proved that the corrugated phase in some kinds of 2D MOFs is common. Our work not only demonstrates that the potential applications of 2D MOFs should be scrupulously explored but also offers a new platform to investigate the physical and chemical properties of 2D MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wang
- Institute of Environmental and Energy Catalysis, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Chaozheng He
- Institute of Environmental and Energy Catalysis, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Weixing Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Energy Catalysis, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China.
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9
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Nomoto T, Imajo S, Akutsu H, Nakazawa Y, Kohama Y. Correlation-driven organic 3D topological insulator with relativistic fermions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2130. [PMID: 37080975 PMCID: PMC10119126 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37293-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploring new topological phenomena and functionalities induced by strong electron correlation has been a central issue in modern condensed-matter physics. One example is a topological insulator (TI) state and its functionality driven by the Coulomb repulsion rather than a spin-orbit coupling. Here, we report a 'correlation-driven' TI state realized in an organic zero-gap system α-(BETS)2I3. The topological surface state and chiral anomaly are observed in temperature and field dependences of resistance, indicating a three-dimensional TI state at low temperatures. Moreover, we observe a topological phase switching between the TI state and non-equilibrium Dirac semimetal state by a dc current, which is a unique functionality of a correlation-driven TI state. Our findings demonstrate that correlation-driven TIs are promising candidates not only for practical electronic devices but also as a field for discovering new topological phenomena and phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Nomoto
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, the University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan.
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.
| | - Shusaku Imajo
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, the University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Hiroki Akutsu
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nakazawa
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Kohama
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, the University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
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10
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Wang XB, Xia B, Lyu CK, Kim D, Li E, Fu SQ, Chen JY, Liu PN, Liu F, Lin N. A p-orbital honeycomb-Kagome lattice realized in a two-dimensional metal-organic framework. Commun Chem 2023; 6:73. [PMID: 37072494 PMCID: PMC10113257 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00869-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The experimental realization of p-orbital systems is desirable because p-orbital lattices have been proposed theoretically to host strongly correlated electrons that exhibit exotic quantum phases. Here, we synthesize a two-dimensional Fe-coordinated bimolecular metal-organic framework which constitutes a honeycomb lattice of 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene molecules and a Kagome lattice of 5,15-di(4-pyridyl)-10,20-diphenylporphyrin molecules on a Au(111) substrate. Density-functional theory calculations show that the framework features multiple well-separated spin-polarized Kagome bands, namely Dirac cone bands and Chern flat bands, near the Fermi level. Using tight-binding modelling, we reveal that these bands are originated from two effects: the low-lying molecular orbitals that exhibit p-orbital characteristics and the honeycomb-Kagome lattice. This study demonstrates that p-orbital Kagome bands can be realized in metal-organic frameworks by using molecules with molecular orbitals of p-orbital like symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Wang
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bowen Xia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Cheng-Kun Lyu
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - En Li
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shu-Qing Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Yan Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Nian Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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11
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Krishnamoorthy HNS, Dubrovkin AM, Adamo G, Soci C. Topological Insulator Metamaterials. Chem Rev 2023; 123:4416-4442. [PMID: 36943013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Confinement of electromagnetic fields at the subwavelength scale via metamaterial paradigms is an established method to engineer light-matter interaction in most common material systems, from insulators to semiconductors and from metals to superconductors. In recent years, this approach has been extended to the realm of topological materials, providing a new avenue to access nontrivial features of their electronic band structure. In this review, we survey various topological material classes from a photonics standpoint, including crystal growth and lithographic structuring methods. We discuss how exotic electronic features such as spin-selective Dirac plasmon polaritons in topological insulators or hyperbolic plasmon polaritons in Weyl semimetals may give rise to unconventional magneto-optic, nonlinear, and circular photogalvanic effects in metamaterials across the visible to infrared spectrum. Finally, we dwell on how these effects may be dynamically controlled by applying external perturbations in the form of electric and magnetic fields or ultrafast optical pulses. Through these examples and future perspectives, we argue that topological insulator, semimetal and superconductor metamaterials are unique systems to bridge the missing links between nanophotonic, electronic, and spintronic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish N S Krishnamoorthy
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, The Photonic Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Alexander M Dubrovkin
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, The Photonic Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Giorgio Adamo
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, The Photonic Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Cesare Soci
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, The Photonic Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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12
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Gao C, Ni Z, Zhang X, Hu W, Dong H. Recent advances in n-type and ambipolar organic semiconductors and their multi-functional applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1331-1381. [PMID: 36723084 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00720g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors have received broad attention and research interest due to their unique integration of semiconducting properties with structural tunability, intrinsic flexibiltiy and low cost. In order to meet the requirements of organic electronic devices and their integrated circuits, p-type, n-type and ambipolar organic semiconductors are all necessary. However, due to the limitation in both material synthesis and device fabrication, the development of n-type and ambipolar materials is quite behind that of p-type materials. Recent development in synthetic methods of organic semiconductors greatly enriches the range of n-type and ambipolar materials. Moreover, the newly developed materials with multiple functions also put forward multi-functional device applications, including some emerging research areas. In this review, we give a timely summary on these impressive advances in n-type and ambipolar organic semiconductors with a special focus on their synthesis methods and advanced materials with enhanced properties of charge carrier mobility, integration of high mobility and strong emission and thermoelectric properties. Finally, multi-functional device applications are further demonstrated as an example of these developed n-type and ambipolar materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongshuai Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Can Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Zhenjie Ni
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China.,Department of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, Fuzhou International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Huanli Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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13
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Thedford RP, Yu F, Tait WRT, Shastri K, Monticone F, Wiesner U. The Promise of Soft-Matter-Enabled Quantum Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2203908. [PMID: 35863756 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The field of quantum materials has experienced rapid growth over the past decade, driven by exciting new discoveries with immense transformative potential. Traditional synthetic methods to quantum materials have, however, limited the exploration of architectural control beyond the atomic scale. By contrast, soft matter self-assembly can be used to tailor material structure over a large range of length scales, with a vast array of possible form factors, promising emerging quantum material properties at the mesoscale. This review explores opportunities for soft matter science to impact the synthesis of quantum materials with advanced properties. Existing work at the interface of these two fields is highlighted, and perspectives are provided on possible future directions by discussing the potential benefits and challenges which can arise from their bridging.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Paxton Thedford
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - William R T Tait
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Kunal Shastri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Francesco Monticone
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Ulrich Wiesner
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
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14
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Layered metal-organic frameworks and metal-organic nanosheets as functional materials. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Hu T, Zhang T, Mu H, Wang Z. Intrinsic Second-Order Topological Insulator in Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10905-10911. [PMID: 36394555 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As an intriguing topological phase, higher-order topological insulators have attracted tremendous attention, but the candidate materials are limited in artificial and inorganic systems. In this work, we propose a universal approach to search for two-dimensional (2D) second-order topological insulators (SOTIs) in covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with C3 symmetric cores. The underlying mechanism is illustrated through tight-binding calculations in a star lattice, showing the 2D SOTI in an overlooked energy window between two Kagome-bands with four types of nontrivial band structures. The emergence of the unique topological edge and corner states can be understood from the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model. Furthermore, using the frontier orbital of the monomer building block as an indicator, the 2D SOTI is directly confirmed in three realistic COFs by first-principles calculations. Our results not only extend the concept of organic topological insulators from first-order to second-order but also demonstrate the universal existence of intrinsic higher-order topology in 2D COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Hu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Tingfeng Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Haimen Mu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Zhengfei Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230088, China
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16
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Zhang B, Deng F, Chen X, Lv X, Wang J. Quantum anomalous Hall effect in M 2X 3honeycomb Kagome lattice. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:475702. [PMID: 36162403 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac9502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect has recently drawn great attention in spintronics with extraordinary property of chiral edge states without dissipation in absence of magnetic field. In M2X3honeycomb Kagome lattice, numerous two-dimensional materials are predicted to be QAH insulators including metal oxides/sulfides and metal organic lattice. In this work, we proposed a general model to explain the mechanism of Dirac half metal with absence of spin orbital coupling and the nontrivial topological property with spin orbital coupling, which could be induced by combination of electron counting rule, crystal field effect anddxz,dyzorbitals hybridization. Based on the mechanism, we further predict that triphenyl-metal lattice M2(C6H4)3(M= V, Nb, Ta) are all QAH insulators with high Curie temperature and large nontrivial band gap for triphenyl-Nb and triphenyl-Ta lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingwen Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, Center for Advanced Marine Materials and Smart Sensors, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenglin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Lv
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, Center for Advanced Marine Materials and Smart Sensors, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
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17
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Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) polymers have garnered widespread interest because of their intriguing physicochemical properties. Envisaged applications in fields including nanodevices, solid-state chemistry, physical organic chemistry, and condensed matter physics, however, demand high-quality and large-scale production. In this perspective, we first introduce exotic band structures of organic frameworks holding honeycomb, kagome, and Lieb lattices. We further discuss how mesoscale ordered 2D polymers can be synthesized by means of choosing suitable monomers and optimizing growth conditions. We describe successful polymerization strategies to introducing a non-benzenoid subunit into a π-conjugated carbon lattice via delicately designed monomer precursors. Also, to obviate transfer and restore the intrinsic properties of π-conjugated polymers, new paradigms of aryl-aryl coupling on inert surfaces are discussed. Recent achievements in the photopolymerization demonstrate the need for monomer design. We conclude the potential applications of these organic networks and project the future possibilities in providing new insights into on-surface polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchao Niu
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Xixi Octagon City, Yuhang District, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Chenqiang Hua
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Xixi Octagon City, Yuhang District, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Xixi Octagon City, Yuhang District, Hangzhou 310023, China
- School of Physics, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
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18
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Lin X, Zhou W, Liu Y, Shu FJ, Zou CL, Dong C, Wei C, Dong H, Zhang C, Yao J, Zhao YS. 3D-Printed Möbius Microring Lasers: Topology Engineering in Photonic Microstructures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2202812. [PMID: 35871550 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating photons in artificially structured materials is highly desired in modern photonic technology. Nontrivial topological structures are rapidly emerging as a state-of-art platform for achieving unprecedented fascinating phenomena of photon manipulation. However, the current studies mainly focus on planar structures, and the fabrication of photonic microstructures with specific topological geometric features still remains a great challenge. Extending the topological photonics to 3D microarchitectures is expected to enrich the photon manipulation capabilities and further advance the topological photonic devices. Here, a femtosecond laser direct writing technique is employed to fabricate 3D topological Möbius microring resonators from dye-doped polymer. The high-quality-factor Möbius microring resonator supports a unique spin-orbit coupled lasing at very low threshold. Due to the spin-orbit coupling induced geometric/Berry phase, the Möbius microrings, in striking contrast with ordinary microrings, output laser signals with all polarization states. The manipulation of miniaturized coherent light sources in the fabricated Möbius microrings represents a significant step forward toward 3D topological photonics that offers a novel design philosophy for functional photonic and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqing Lin
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Fang-Jie Shu
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Microcavity and Photoelectric Intelligent Sensing, School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Chunhua Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Cong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Haiyun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yong Sheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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19
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Rashba Splitting and Electronic Valley Characteristics of Janus Sb and Bi Topological Monolayers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147629. [PMID: 35886977 PMCID: PMC9321792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Janus Sb and Bi monolayers as a new class of 2D topological insulator materials, which could be fulfilled by asymmetrical functionalizations with methyl or hydroxyl, are demonstrated by first-principles spin–orbit coupling (SOC) electronic structure calculations to conflate nontrivial topology, Rashba splitting and valley-contrast circular dichroism. Cohesive energies and phonon frequency dispersion spectra indicate that all Janus Sb and Bi monolayers possess a structural stability in energetic statics but represent virtual acoustic phonon vibrations of the hydrogen atoms passivating on monolayer surfaces. Band structures of Janus Sb and Bi monolayers and their nanoribbons demonstrate they are nontrivial topological insulators. Rashba spin splitting at G point in Brillouin zone of Janus Bi monolayers arises from the strong SOC px and py orbitals of Bi bonding atoms together with the internal out-of-plane electric field caused by asymmetrical functionalization. Janus Sb and Bi monolayers render direct and indirect giant bandgaps, respectively, which are derived from the strong SOC px and py orbitals at band-valley Brillouin points K and K′ where valley-selective circular dichroism of spin valley Hall insulators is also exhibited.
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20
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Lyu CK, Gao YF, Gao ZA, Mo SY, Hua MQ, Li E, Fu SQ, Chen JY, Liu PN, Huang L, Lin N. Synthesis of Single-Layer Two-Dimensional Metal-Organic Frameworks M 3 (HAT) 2 (M=Ni, Fe, Co, HAT=1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene) Using an On-Surface Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204528. [PMID: 35466508 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
1,4,5,8,9,12-Hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) is one of the smallest polyheterocyclic aromatic building blocks for forming conjugated metal-organic frameworks (cMOFs). However, the strong inter-molecular steric hindrance impedes the growth of HAT-based cMOFs. Here we employ on-surface synthesis to grow single-layer two-dimensional cMOFs of M3 (HAT)2 (M=Ni, Fe, Co). Using scanning tunnelling microscopy and density-functional theory (DFT) analysis, we resolve that the frameworks comprise a hexagonal lattice of HAT molecules and a Kagome lattice of metal atoms. The DFT analysis indicates that Ni, Co and Fe carry a magnetic moment of 1.1, 2.5, and 3.7 μB, respectively. We anticipate that the small π-conjugated core of HAT and strong bidentate chelating coordination give rise to appealing electronic and magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kun Lyu
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi-Fan Gao
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zi-Ang Gao
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Song-Yu Mo
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mu-Qing Hua
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - En Li
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shu-Qing Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Yan Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Nian Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
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21
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Lyu C, Gao Y, Gao Z, Mo S, Hua M, Li E, Fu S, Chen J, Liu P, Huang L, Lin N. Synthesis of Single‐Layer Two‐Dimensional Metal–Organic Frameworks M
3
(HAT)
2
(M=Ni, Fe, Co, HAT=1,4,5,8,9,12‐hexaazatriphenylene) Using an On‐Surface Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng‐Kun Lyu
- Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Yi‐Fan Gao
- Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China
- Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Zi‐Ang Gao
- Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Song‐Yu Mo
- Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Mu‐Qing Hua
- Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China
| | - En Li
- Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Shu‐Qing Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals East China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road 130 Shanghai China
| | - Jia‐Yan Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals East China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road 130 Shanghai China
| | - Pei‐Nian Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals East China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road 130 Shanghai China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China
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22
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Hao X, Wu W, Zhu J, Song B, Meng Q, Wu M, Hua C, Yang SA, Zhou M. Topological band transition between hexagonal and triangular lattices with ( px, py) orbitals. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:255504. [PMID: 35381579 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac6473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
By combining tight-binding modelling with density functional theory based first-principles calculations, we investigate the band evolution of two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal lattices with (px,py) orbitals, focusing on the electronic structures and topological phase transitions. The (px,py)-orbital hexagonal lattice model possesses two flat bands encompassing two linearly dispersive Dirac bands. Breaking the A/B sublattice symmetry could transform the model into two triangular lattices, each featuring a flat band and a dispersive band. Inclusion of the spin-orbit coupling and magnetization may give rise to quantum spin Hall and quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) states. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate that half-hydrogenated stanene is encoded by a triangular lattice with (px,py) orbitals, which exhibits ferromagnetism and QAH effect with a topological gap of ∼0.15 eV, feasible for experimental observation. These results provide insights into the structure-property relationships involving the orbital degree of freedom, which may shed light on future design and preparation of 2D topological materials for novel electronic/spintronic and quantum computing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiamin Hao
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Hangzhou 310023, People's Republic of China
- Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Weikang Wu
- Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Jiaojiao Zhu
- Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Biyu Song
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Hangzhou 310023, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingling Meng
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Hangzhou 310023, People's Republic of China
| | - Meimei Wu
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Hangzhou 310023, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenqiang Hua
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Hangzhou 310023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengyuan A Yang
- Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Miao Zhou
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Hangzhou 310023, People's Republic of China
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23
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Li X, Zuo X, Cui B, Zhao W, Xu Y, Zou D, Yang C. Tunable Dirac states in doped B 2S 3 monolayers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:10095-10100. [PMID: 35416191 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05693j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) Dirac materials have been a research hotspot due to their intriguing properties, such as high carrier mobility and ballistic charge transport. Here, we demonstrate that the B2S3 monolayer with a hexagonal structure, which has been reported as a photocatalyst, can be tuned to new 2D Dirac materials by doping atoms. The Young's modulus can reach 65.23 N m-1, indicating that the monolayer can be used as a buffer materials. The electronic structures of the pristine B2S3 monolayer show that some Dirac points appear but do not occur exactly on the Fermi level (EF). Fortunately, we find that the Dirac cone can be tuned to the EF by doping C, N, or Sn atoms. The C-doped B2S3 monolayer can be a half-metallic Dirac material, which has significant potential application in spintronics. For N- and Sn-doped B2S3 monolayers, the typical kagome bands are formed near the EF, which arise from three molecular orbitals hybridized by B, S, and N (Sn) atoms. These outstanding properties render the doped B2S3 monolayers promising 2D Dirac materials for future nanoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoteng Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xi Zuo
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Bin Cui
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenkai Zhao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuqing Xu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongqing Zou
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chuanlu Yang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Liu J, Abel M, Lin N. On-Surface Synthesis: A New Route Realizing Single-Layer Conjugated Metal-Organic Structures. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:1356-1365. [PMID: 35112878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c04134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently, both experimental and theoretical advances have demonstrated that two-dimensional conjugated metal-organic frameworks (2D-cMOFs) exhibit interesting electronic and magnetic properties, such as high conductivity and ferromagnetism. Theoretical studies have predicted that exotic quantum states, including topological insulating states and superconductivity, emerge in some 2D-MOFs. The high design tunability of MOFs' structure and composition provides great opportunities to realize these structures. However, most conventional synthesis methods yield multilayer structures of the 2D-cMOFs, in which the predicted exotic quantum phases are often quenched because of interlayer interactions. It is highly desirable to synthesize single-layer cMOFs. On-surface synthesis represents a novel strategy toward this goal. In this Perspective, we discuss the recent developments in on-surface synthesis of 1D- and 2D-cMOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Division of Quantum State of Matter, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mathieu Abel
- Aix Marseille Universite, CNRS, IM2NP, Marseille 13397, France
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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25
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Trigonal multivalent polonium monolayers with intrinsic quantum spin Hall effects. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2129. [PMID: 35136163 PMCID: PMC8826415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06242-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) topological insulators, a type of the extraordinary quantum electronic states, have attracted considerable interest due to their unique electronic properties and promising potential applications. Recently, the successful fabrication of 2D Te monolayers (i.e. tellurene) in experiments (Zhu et al., Phys Rev Lett 119:106101, 2017) has promoted researches on the group-VI monolayer materials. With first-principles calculations and tight-binding (TB) method, we investigate the structures and electronic states of 2D polonium (poloniumene), in which Po is a congener of Te. The poloniumene is found to have the tendency of forming a three-atomic-layer 1 T-MoS2-like structure (called trigonal poloniumene), namely, the central-layer Po atoms behave metal-like, while the two-outer-layer Po atoms are semiconductor-like. This unique multivalent behavior of the Po atoms is conducive to the structural stability of the monolayer, which is found to be an intrinsic quantum spin Hall insulator with a large band gap. The nontrivial topology originates from the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$p_{x,y} - p_{z}$$\end{document}px,y-pz band inversion, which can be understood based on a built TB model. The poloniumene with different congener elements doped is also explored. Our results provide a thorough understanding of structures and electronic states of 2D polonium-related materials.
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Xing J, Jiang X, Liu Z, Qi Y, Zhao J. Robust Dirac spin gapless semiconductors in a two-dimensional oxalate based organic honeycomb-kagome lattice. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:2023-2029. [PMID: 35075466 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07076b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnetic materials with intrinsic and robust spin-polarized Dirac cones are of great interest in exploring exciting physics and in realizing spintronic devices. Using comprehensive ab initio calculations, herein we reveal a family of 2D oxalate-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that possess the desired characteristics. We propose that these 2D oxalate-based MOFs may be assembled by oxalate ions (C2O42-) and two homo-transition metal atoms. We demonstrate that 2D MOFs of Ni2(C2O4)3 and Re2(C2O4)3 are intrinsic Dirac spin gapless semiconductors with linear band dispersion, low energy dissipation and high electron carrier velocity. As robust ferromagnets, they also possess large magnetic moments, large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and high Curie temperatures, e.g. 208 K for Ni2(C2O4)3. In particular, spin-orbit coupling triggers a topologically nontrivial band gap of 143 meV in Re2(C2O4)3, which is promising to realize the quantum anomalous Hall effect at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpei Xing
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Xue Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China.
- School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jijun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China.
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27
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Sun S, You JY, Duan S, Gou J, Luo YZ, Lin W, Lian X, Jin T, Liu J, Huang Y, Wang Y, Wee ATS, Feng YP, Shen L, Zhang JL, Chen J, Chen W. Epitaxial Growth of Ultraflat Bismuthene with Large Topological Band Inversion Enabled by Substrate-Orbital-Filtering Effect. ACS NANO 2022; 16:1436-1443. [PMID: 34918901 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Quantum spin Hall (QSH) systems hold promises of low-power-consuming spintronic devices, yet their practical applications are extremely impeded by the small energy gaps. Fabricating QSH materials with large gaps, especially under the guidance of design principles, is essential for both scientific research and practical applications. Here, we demonstrate that large on-site atomic spin-orbit coupling can be directly exploited via the intriguing substrate-orbital-filtering effect to generate large-gap QSH systems and experimentally realized on the epitaxially synthesized ultraflat bismuthene on Ag(111). Theoretical calculations reveal that the underlying substrate selectively filters Bi pz orbitals away from the Fermi level, leading pxy orbitals with nonzero magnetic quantum numbers, resulting in large topological gap of ∼1 eV at the K point. The corresponding topological edge states are identified through scanning tunneling spectroscopy combined with density functional theory calculations. Our findings provide general strategies to design large-gap QSH systems and further explore their topology-related physics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Weinan Lin
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | | | - Tengyu Jin
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | | | - Yuli Huang
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Yihe Wang
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | | | | | | | - Jia Lin Zhang
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | | | - Wei Chen
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou 215123, China
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28
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Oh J, Yoon SM. Resistive Memory Devices Based on Reticular Materials for Electrical Information Storage. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:56777-56792. [PMID: 34842430 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, reticular materials, such as metal-organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks, have been proposed as an active insulating layer in resistive switching memory systems through their chemically tunable porous structure. A resistive random access memory (RRAM) cell, a digital memristor, is one of the most outstanding emergent memory devices that achieves high-density electrical information storage with variable electrical resistance states between two terminals. The overall design of the RRAM devices comprises an insulating layer sandwiched between two metal electrodes (metal/insulator/metal). RRAM devices with fast switching speeds and enhanced storage density have the potential to be manufactured with excellent scalability owing to their relatively simple device architecture. In this review, recent progress on the development of reticular material-based RRAM devices and the study of their operational mechanisms are reviewed, and new challenges and future perspectives related to reticular material-based RRAM are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongwon Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
- Wonkwang Materials Institute of Science and Technology, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Min Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
- Wonkwang Materials Institute of Science and Technology, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
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29
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Tao L, Zhang Y, Du S. Structures and electronic properties of functional molecules on metal substrates: From single molecule to self‐assemblies. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tao
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yu‐yang Zhang
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation Beijing China
| | - Shixuan Du
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation Beijing China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Beijing China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan China
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30
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Li SW, Zhang RX, Kang LX, Li DY, Xie YL, Wang CX, Liu PN. Steering Metal-Organic Network Structures through Conformations and Configurations on Surfaces. ACS NANO 2021; 15:18014-18022. [PMID: 34677047 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Molecular adsorption conformations and arrangement configurations on surfaces are important structural aspects of surface stereochemistry, but their roles in steering the structures of metal-organic networks (MONs) remain vague and unexplored. In this study, we constructed MONs by the coordination self-assembly of isocyanides on Cu(111) and Ag(111) surfaces and demonstrated that the MON structures can be steered by surface stereochemistry, including the adsorption conformations of the isocyanide molecules and the arrangement configurations of the coordination nodes and subunits. The coordination self-assembly of 1,4-phenylene diisocyanobenzene afforded a honeycomb MON consisting of 3-fold (isocyano)3-Cu motifs on a Cu(111) surface. In contrast, geometrically different chevron-shaped 1,3-phenylene diisocyanobenzene (m-DICB) failed to generate a MON, which is ascribable to its standing conformation on the Cu(111) surface. However, m-DICB was adsorbed in a flat conformation on a Ag(111) surface, which has a larger lattice constant than a Cu(111) surface, and smoothly underwent coordination self-assembly to form a MON consisting of (isocyano)3-Ag motifs. Interestingly, only C3-Ag nodes with heterotactic configurations could grow into larger subunits; those subunits with heterotactic configurations further grew into Sierpiński triangle fractals (up to fourth order), while subunits with homotactic configurations afforded a triangular MON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Wen Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ruo-Xi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Li-Xia Kang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Deng-Yuan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yu-Li Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Cheng-Xin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Pei-Nian Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
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31
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Fadeeva AI, Gorbunov VA, Myshlyavtsev AV. Simple lattice model of self-assembling metal-organic layers of pyridyl-substituted porphyrins and copper on Au(111) surface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:20365-20378. [PMID: 34490861 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03111b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple lattice model of metal-organic adsorption layers self-assembling on a Au(111) surface and based on pyridyl-substituted porphyrins differing in the number of functional groups and their position has been proposed. The model has been parameterized using DFT methods. The ground state analysis of the considered model demonstrates the variety of surface-confined metal-organic networks (SMONs) containing square, linear, and discrete elements appearing in the adsorption layer depending on the partial pressure of the components. The SMONs comprising more symmetrical molecules with a greater number of pyridyl substituents in the porphyrin core exhibit more diverse phase behavior. Structures of the phase diagrams were verified at nonzero temperatures using Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations. It was found that the continuous SMONs have higher thermal stability at relatively low partial pressures of the organic component, while the linear and discrete SMONs are more thermally stable at high pressure. Depending on the partial pressure of the organic component, thermal destruction of continuous SMONs occur either through the formation of defects/islands having structures of the linear SMONs, or through the sublimation of individual structural elements. Melting of linear SMONs reveals the appearance of 2D pores or islands of a purely organic phase. The latter fact is confirmed by the experimentally observed coexistence of these phases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vitaly A Gorbunov
- Omsk State Technical University, 11 Mira, Omsk, 644050, Russian Federation.
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32
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Deng T, Shi W, Wong ZM, Wu G, Yang X, Zheng JC, Pan H, Yang SW. Designing Intrinsic Topological Insulators in Two-Dimensional Metal-Organic Frameworks. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:6934-6940. [PMID: 34282908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The connection between electronic structures of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their building subunits is a key cornerstone for rational MOF material design. Some two-dimensional conjugated MOFs were reported to be topological insulators. However, many of them are not intrinsic as the Fermi levels are far from the topological gaps. The subunit-to-MOF electronic orbital correspondence should be established to bridge their chemical structure and physical properties, thus understanding the design rules toward intrinsic topological insulators. Herein we reveal the fundamental role of the subunit-to-MOF symmetry relation in determining their orbital interaction and hybridization and, consequently, topological characteristics. In particular, such honeycomb-kagome MOFs possess delocalized symmetry-enforced nonbonding electronic states with the topological spin-orbit gap. The nonbonding nature of these states allows tailored band structure modulation through molecular structure and strain engineering, with the potential realization of an intrinsic metal-organic topological insulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Deng
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Wen Shi
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zicong Marvin Wong
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Gang Wu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, HFIPS, Anhui, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jin-Cheng Zheng
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang 43900, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hui Pan
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078 China
| | - Shuo-Wang Yang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
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33
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Understanding Topological Insulators in Real Space. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26102965. [PMID: 34067586 PMCID: PMC8156361 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A real space understanding of the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model of polyacetylene is introduced thanks to delocalization indices defined within the quantum theory of atoms in molecules. This approach enables to go beyond the analysis of electron localization usually enabled by topological insulator indices—such as IPR—enabling to differentiate between trivial and topological insulator phases. The approach is based on analyzing the electron delocalization between second neighbors, thus highlighting the relevance of the sublattices induced by chiral symmetry. Moreover, the second neighbor delocalization index, δi,i+2, also enables to identify the presence of chirality and when it is broken by doping or by eliminating atom pairs (as in the case of odd number of atoms chains). Hints to identify bulk behavior thanks to δ1,3 are also provided. Overall, we present a very simple, orbital invariant visualization tool that should help the analysis of chirality (independently of the crystallinity of the system) as well as spreading the concepts of topological behavior thanks to its relationship with well-known chemical concepts.
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34
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Hernández-López L, Piquero-Zulaica I, Downing CA, Piantek M, Fujii J, Serrate D, Ortega JE, Bartolomé F, Lobo-Checa J. Searching for kagome multi-bands and edge states in a predicted organic topological insulator. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:5216-5223. [PMID: 33661272 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08558h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, mixed honeycomb-kagome lattices featuring metal-organic networks have been theoretically proposed as topological insulator materials capable of hosting nontrivial edge states. This new family of so-called "organic topological insulators" are purely two-dimensional and combine polyaromatic-flat molecules with metal adatoms. However, their experimental validation is still pending given the generalized absence of edge states. Here, we generate one such proposed network on a Cu(111) substrate and study its morphology and electronic structure with the purpose of confirming its topological properties. The structural techniques reveal a practically flawless network that results in a kagome network multi-band observed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy. However, at the network island borders we notice the absence of edge states. Bond-resolved imaging of the network exhibits an unexpected structural symmetry alteration that explains such disappearance. This collective lifting of the network symmetry could be more general than initially expected and provide a simple explanation for the recurrent experimental absence of edge states in predicted organic topological insulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyre Hernández-López
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain. and Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ignacio Piquero-Zulaica
- Centro de Física de Materiales CSIC/UPV-EHU-Materials Physics Center, Manuel Lardizabal 5, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain and Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Charles A Downing
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain. and Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Marten Piantek
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain. and Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain and Laboratorio de Microscopías Avanzadas, Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jun Fujii
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM)-CNR Laboratorio TASC, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - David Serrate
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain. and Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J Enrique Ortega
- Centro de Física de Materiales CSIC/UPV-EHU-Materials Physics Center, Manuel Lardizabal 5, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain and Departamento Física Aplicada I, Universidad del País Vasco, 20018-San Sebastian, Spain and Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, E-20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Fernando Bartolomé
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain. and Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jorge Lobo-Checa
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain. and Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Zhao M, Zhuang J, Cheng Q, Hao W, Du Y. Moiré-Potential-Induced Band Structure Engineering in Graphene and Silicene. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e1903769. [PMID: 31531941 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A moiré pattern results from the projection of one periodic pattern to another with relative lattice constant or misalignment and provides great periodic potential to modify the electronic properties of pristine materials. In this Review, recent research on the effect of the moiré superlattice on the electronic structures of graphene and silicene, both of which possess a honeycomb lattice, is focused on. The moiré periodic potential is introduced by the interlayer interaction to realize abundant phenomena, including new generation of Dirac cones, emergence of Van Hove singularities (vHs) at the cross point of two sets of Dirac cones, Mott-like insulating behavior at half-filling state, unconventional superconductivity, and electronic Kagome lattice and flat band with nontrivial edge state. The role of interlayer coupling strength, which is determined by twist angle and buckling degree, in these exotic properties is discussed in terms of both the theoretical prediction and experimental measurement, and finally, the challenges and outlook for this field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Zhao
- BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre and School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
| | - Jincheng Zhuang
- BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre and School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Qunfeng Cheng
- BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre and School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Weichang Hao
- BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre and School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yi Du
- BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre and School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
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36
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Li XY, Ji WX, Wang PJ, Zhang CW. Half-Dirac semimetals and the quantum anomalous Hall effect in Kagome Cd 2N 3 lattices. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:847-854. [PMID: 36133851 PMCID: PMC9418731 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00530d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Half-Dirac semimetals (HDSs), which possess 100% spin-polarizations for Dirac materials, are highly desirable for exploring various topological phases of matter as low-dimensionality opens unprecedented opportunities for manipulating the quantum state of low-cost electronic nanodevices. The search for high-temperature HDSs is still a current hotspot and yet challenging experimentally. Herein based on first-principles calculations, we propose the realization of Half Dirac semimetals (HDS) in two-dimensional (2D) Kagome transition-metal nitride Cd2N3, which is robust against strain engineering. Monte Carlo simulations reveal that Cd2N3 possesses a Curie temperature reaching up to T C = 225 K, which is much higher than that of the reported monolayers CrI3 (T C = 45 K) and Cr2Ge2Te6 (T C = 20 K). The band crossings in Cd2N3 are gapped out by the spin-orbit coupling, which brings about the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect with a sizeable band gap of E g = 4.9 meV, characterized by the nonzero Chern number (C = 1) and chiral edge states. A tight-binding model is further used to clarify the origin of HDSs and nontrivial electronic properties. The results suggest monolayer transition-metal nitrides as a promising platform to explore fascinating physical phenomena associated with novel 2D emergent HDSs and QAH insulators toward realistic spintronics devices, thus stimulating experimental interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yang Li
- School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan Jinan Shandong 250022 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Xiao Ji
- School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan Jinan Shandong 250022 People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Ji Wang
- School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan Jinan Shandong 250022 People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Wen Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan Jinan Shandong 250022 People's Republic of China
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37
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Luo F, Hao X, Jia Y, Yao J, Meng Q, Zhai S, Wu J, Dou W, Zhou M. Functionalization induced quantum spin Hall to quantum anomalous Hall phase transition in monolayer jacutingaite. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:2527-2533. [PMID: 33475641 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06889f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As novel states of quantum matter, quantum spin Hall (QSH) and quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) states have attracted considerable interest in condensed matter and materials science communities. Recently, a monolayer of the naturally occurring mineral jacutingaite (Pt2HgSe3), was theoretically proposed to be a large-gap QSH insulator and experimentally confirmed. Here, based on first-principles calculations and tight-binding modeling, we demonstrate QSH to QAH phase transition in jacutingaite by chemical functionalization with chalogen. We show that two-dimensional (2D) chalogenated jacutingaite, Pt2HgSe3-X (X = S, Se, Te), is ferromagnetic with Curie temperature up to 316 K, and it exhibits QAH effect with chiral edge states inside a sizeable topological gap. The physical mechanism lies in the adsorption induced transformation of the original Kane-Mele model into an effective four-band model involving (px, py) orbitals on a hexagonal lattice, so that the topological gap size can be controlled by spin-orbit coupling strength of the chalogen (0.28 eV for Pt2HgSe3-Te). These results not only show the promise of functionalization in orbital-engineering of 2D functional structures, but also provide an ideal and practical platform for achieving exotic topological phases for dissipationless transport and quantum computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxue Luo
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Xiamin Hao
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Yizhen Jia
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Junjie Yao
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Qingling Meng
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Shuwei Zhai
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Jinge Wu
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Wenzhen Dou
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Miao Zhou
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
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38
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Zhang T, Zhu L. Two dimensional honeycomb-kagome Be 3Pb 2: a mechanically flexible topological insulator with high intrinsic carrier mobilities. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:1292-1297. [PMID: 33367312 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04512h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically predict a stable 2D nanosheet consisting of Pb and Be atoms sited at the honeycomb and kagome sites, respectively, forming a mixed honeycomb-kagome phase of Be3Pb2. Without the spin-orbit interaction, its band structure resembles that of honeycomb-structured graphene, namely, the valence and conduction bands touch at isolated points, whose energies linearly depend on the momentum. The presence of spin-orbit coupling (SOC), however, would result in a small bandgap opening, ∼116 meV. So, the SOC induces an electronic phase transition from a semimetal to a semiconductor. A coarse estimation based on the deformation potential method gives rise to very high carrier mobilities which are at least comparable to those of black phosphorene. Most interestingly, the 2D Be3Pb2 shows a non-trivial topology in the electronic structure accompanying the SOC induced band gap opening. Hence, 2D Be3Pb2 would be a versatile candidate for many applications, e.g., nanoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronic & Electrical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement Technology and Intelligent Systems, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P. R. China.
| | - Liyan Zhu
- School of Physics and Electronic & Electrical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement Technology and Intelligent Systems, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P. R. China.
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39
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Jiang W, Ni X, Liu F. Exotic Topological Bands and Quantum States in Metal-Organic and Covalent-Organic Frameworks. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:416-426. [PMID: 33400497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusMetal-organic and covalent-organic frameworks (MOFs/COFs) have been extensively studied for fundamental interests and their promising applications, taking advantage of their unique structural properties, i.e., high porosity and large surface-to-volume ratio. However, their electronic and magnetic properties have been somewhat overlooked because of their relatively poor performance as conductive and/or magnetic materials. Recent experimental breakthroughs in synthesizing two-dimensional (2D) π-conjugated MOFs/COFs with high conductivity and robust magnetism through doping have generated renewed and increasing interest in their electronic properties. Meanwhile, comprehensive theoretical studies of the underlying physical principles have led to discovery of many exotic quantum states, such as topological insulating states, which were only observed in inorganic systems. Especially, the diversity and high tunability of MOFs/COFs have provided a playground to explore novel quantum physics and quantum chemistry as well as promising applications.The band theory has empowered us to understand the most fundamental electronic properties of inorganic crystalline materials, which can also be used to better understand MOFs/COFs. The first obvious difference between the two is that instead of atomic orbitals residing at lattice sites of inorganic crystals, molecular orbitals of organic ligands are predominant in MOFs/COFs. The second key difference is that usually all atomic orbitals in an inorganic crystal are subject to one common group of lattice symmetry, while atomic orbitals of metal ion and molecular orbitals of different organic ligands in MOFs/COFs belong to different subgroups of lattice symmetries. Both these differences will impact the band structure of MOFs/COFs, in particular making it more complex. Consequently, which subset of bands are of most importance depends strongly on the location of Fermi level, i.e., electron counting and charge doping. Furthermore, there are usually two types of characteristic electrons coupled in MOFs, i.e., strongly correlated localized d and f electrons and diffusive s and p electrons, which interplay with lattice, orbital, and spin degrees of freedom, leading to more exotic topological and magnetic band structures.In this Account, we present an up-to-date review of recent theoretical developments to better understand the exotic band structures of MOFs/COFs. Starting from three fundamental 2D lattice models, i.e., honeycomb, Kagome, and Lieb lattices, exotic Dirac and flat bands as well as the intriguing topological quantum states they host, e.g., quantum spin Hall and quantum anomalous Hall states, are outlined. In addition to the single-lattice models, we further elaborate on combined lattice model Hamiltonians, which give rise to overlapping bands hosting novel quantum states, such as nodal-line Dirac semimetal and unconventional superconducting states. Also, first-principles predictions of candidate MOFs/COFs that host these exotic bands and hence quantum phases are reviewed, which greatly extends the pool of materials beyond inorganic crystals for hosting exotic band structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Xiaojuan Ni
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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40
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Li J, Wu R. Metal-organic frameworks: possible new two-dimensional magnetic and topological materials. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:23620-23625. [PMID: 33211049 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05748g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Finding new two-dimensional (2D) materials with novel quantum properties is highly desirable for technological innovations. In this work, we studied a series of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with different metal cores and discovered various attractive properties, such as room-temperature magnetic ordering, strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, huge topological band gap (>200 meV), and excellent spin-filtering performance. As many MOFs have been successfully synthesized in experiments, our results suggest realistic new 2D functional materials for the design of spintronic nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA.
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41
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Wang J, Quek SY. Isolated flat bands and physics of mixed dimensions in a 2D covalent organic framework. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:20279-20286. [PMID: 33000856 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04428h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that it is possible to rationally incorporate both an isolated flat band and the physics of zero dimensions (0D), one dimension (1D), and two dimensions (2D) in a single 2D material. Such unique electronic properties are present in a recently synthesized 2D covalent organic framework (COF), where "I"-shaped building blocks and "T"-shaped connectors result in quasi-1D chains that are linked by quasi-0D bridge units arranged in a stable 2D lattice. The lowest unoccupied conduction band is an isolated flat band, and electron-doping gives rise to novel quantum phenomena, such as magnetism and Mott insulating phases. The highest occupied valence band arises from wave functions in the quasi-1D chains. Examples of mixed dimensional physics are illustrated in this system. The strong electron-hole asymmetry in this material results in a large Seebeck coefficient, while the quasi-1D nature of the chains leads to linear dichroism, in conjunction with strongly bound 2D excitons. We elucidate strategies to design and optimize 2D COFs to host both isolated flat bands and quantum-confined 1D subsystems. The properties of the 2D COF discussed here provide a taste of the intriguing possibilities in this open research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juefan Wang
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117551, Singapore. and Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Block S14, Level 6, 6 Science Drive 2, 117546, Singapore
| | - Su Ying Quek
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117551, Singapore. and Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Block S14, Level 6, 6 Science Drive 2, 117546, Singapore
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42
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Guo X, Liu Z, Liu B, Li Q, Wang Z. Non-Collinear Orbital-induced Planar Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:7606-7612. [PMID: 32852221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Based on the 2D star lattice with noncollinear orbital, we present an intriguing six-band tight-binding model for planar quantum anomalous Hall effect (PQAHE) with in-plane magnetization. Depending on the orientation of the noncollinear orbital, the characterized Dirac-, Kagome-, and Four-band are all realizable. Moreover, including the intrinsic spin-orbital coupling, a topological phase diagram versus angle of both in-plane magnetization and noncollinear orbital is mapped out, showing a tunable PQAHE with Chern number of either +1 or -1. Most remarkably, using first-principles calculations, this exact model of PQAHE is identified in an experimentally synthesized 2D metal-organic framework (MOF) of Pr2(C6O4Cl2)3. These notable results not only demonstrate the significance of noncollinear orbital for designing PQAHE but also provide a MOF platform for its realization, greatly enriching the fundamental topological physics and extending the candidate topological materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Guo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Qunxiang Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhengfei Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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43
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He T, Zhang X, Jin L, Meng W, Shen X, Wang L, Dai X, Liu G. Magnetism, half-metallicity, and topological signatures in Fe 2-xV xPO 5 (x = 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2) materials: a potential class of advanced spintronic materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:20027-20036. [PMID: 32870207 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02981e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel spintronic materials combining both magnetism and nontrivial topological electronic structures have attracted increasing attention recently. Here, we systematically studied the doping effects, magnetism, half-metallicity, and topological properties in the family of Fe2-xVxPO5 (x = 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2) compounds. Our results show that Fe2PO5 takes an antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering with a zero total magnetic moment. Meanwhile, the material hosts a Dirac nodal line and a Weyl nodal line near the Fermi level. V2PO5 is a ferromagnetic (FM) nodal line half-metal with a 100% spin-polarized Weyl nodal line. After doping, we find that Fe1.5V0.5PO5, Fe1V1PO5 and Fe0.5V1.5PO5 all take ferrimagnetic (FiM) ordering, with the Fe and V atoms taking opposite spin directions. Both Fe1.5V0.5PO5 and Fe0.5V1.5PO5 are FiM half-metals. Meanwhile, they show several pairs of fully spin-polarized Weyl points near the Fermi level. Fe1V1PO5 is a FiM semiconductor with different sizes of band gaps in different spin channels. These Fe2-xVxPO5 materials not only provide a good research platform to study the novel properties combining magnetism and nontrivial band topology, but also have promising applications in spintronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingli He
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
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44
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Jin YJ, Zheng BB, Xiao XL, Chen ZJ, Xu Y, Xu H. Two-Dimensional Dirac Semimetals without Inversion Symmetry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:116402. [PMID: 32976001 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.116402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Realizing stable two-dimensional (2D) Dirac points against spin-orbit coupling (SOC) has attracted much attention because it provides a platform to study the unique transport properties. In previous work, Young and Kane [Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 126803 (2015)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.115.126803 proposed stable 2D Dirac points with SOC, in which the Berry curvature and edge states vanish due to the coexistence of inversion and time-reversal symmetries. Herein, using the tight-binding model and k·p effective Hamiltonian, we present that 2D Dirac points can survive in the presence of SOC without inversion symmetry. Such 2D Dirac semimetals possess nonzero Berry curvature near the crossing nodes, and two edge states are terminated at one pair of Dirac points. In addition, according to symmetry arguments and high-throughput first-principles calculations, we identify a family of ideal 2D Dirac semimetals, which has nonzero Berry curvature in the vicinity of Dirac points and visible edge states, thus facilitating the experimental observations. Our work shows that 2D Dirac points can emerge without inversion symmetry, which not only enriches the classification of 2D topological semimetals but also provides a promising avenue to observe exotic transport phenomena beyond graphene, e.g., nonlinear Hall effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Jin
- Department of Physics & Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - B B Zheng
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology & Advanced Titanium Alloys and Functional Coatings Cooperative Innovation Center, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721016, People's Republic of China
| | - X L Xiao
- Department of Physics & Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Z J Chen
- Department of Physics & Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Physics & Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - H Xu
- Department of Physics & Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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45
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Song X, Liu J, Zhang T, Chen L. 2D conductive metal-organic frameworks for electronics and spintronics. Sci China Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9791-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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46
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Mancuso JL, Mroz AM, Le KN, Hendon CH. Electronic Structure Modeling of Metal-Organic Frameworks. Chem Rev 2020; 120:8641-8715. [PMID: 32672939 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Owing to their molecular building blocks, yet highly crystalline nature, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) sit at the interface between molecule and material. Their diverse structures and compositions enable them to be useful materials as catalysts in heterogeneous reactions, electrical conductors in energy storage and transfer applications, chromophores in photoenabled chemical transformations, and beyond. In all cases, density functional theory (DFT) and higher-level methods for electronic structure determination provide valuable quantitative information about the electronic properties that underpin the functions of these frameworks. However, there are only two general modeling approaches in conventional electronic structure software packages: those that treat materials as extended, periodic solids, and those that treat materials as discrete molecules. Each approach has features and benefits; both have been widely employed to understand the emergent chemistry that arises from the formation of the metal-organic interface. This Review canvases these approaches to date, with emphasis placed on the application of electronic structure theory to explore reactivity and electron transfer using periodic, molecular, and embedded models. This includes (i) computational chemistry considerations such as how functional, k-grid, and other model variables are selected to enable insights into MOF properties, (ii) extended solid models that treat MOFs as materials rather than molecules, (iii) the mechanics of cluster extraction and subsequent chemistry enabled by these molecular models, (iv) catalytic studies using both solids and clusters thereof, and (v) embedded, mixed-method approaches, which simulate a fraction of the material using one level of theory and the remainder of the material using another dissimilar theoretical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Mancuso
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97405, United States
| | - Austin M Mroz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97405, United States
| | - Khoa N Le
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97405, United States
| | - Christopher H Hendon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97405, United States
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Abstract
Experimental discovery of organic topological insulators (OTI) is a dream for both topological matters and organic materials. Despite great challenges, we anticipate that the dream will become a reality by engineered studies on materials chemistry, characterization techniques and device physics of conjugated molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Zhi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Chong-An Di
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Daoben Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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48
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Louis-Goff T, Rheingold AL, Hyvl J. Investigation into the Organobismuth Dismutation and Its Use for Rational Synthesis of Heteroleptic Triarylbismuthanes, Ar 12Ar 2Bi. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Louis-Goff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai‘i at Ma̅noa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jakub Hyvl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai‘i at Ma̅noa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
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49
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Gao J, Geng S, Chen Y, Cheng P, Zhang Z. Theoretical Exploration and Electronic Applications of Conductive Two-Dimensional Metal–Organic Frameworks. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2020; 378:25. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-020-0288-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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50
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Gao L, Sun JT, Sethi G, Zhang YY, Du S, Liu F. Orbital design of topological insulators from two-dimensional semiconductors. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:22743-22747. [PMID: 31774416 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06859g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted much attention because they exhibit various intrinsic properties, which are, however, usually not interchangeable. Here we propose a generic approach to convert 2D semiconductors to 2D topological insulators (TIs) via atomic adsorption. The approach is underlined by an orbital design principle that involves introducing an extrinsic s-orbital state of the adsorbate into the intrinsic sp-bands of a 2D semiconductor, so as to induce s-p band inversion for a TI phase, as demonstrated by tight-binding model analyses. Based on first-principles calculations, we successfully apply this approach to convert CuS, CuSe and CuTe into TIs by adsorbing one adatom per unit cell of Na, Na0.5K0.5 and K as well as Rb and Cs. Moreover, if the chalcogens in the 2D semiconductor have a decreasing ability of accepting electrons, the adsorbates should have an increasing ability of donating electrons. Our findings open a new door to discovering TIs by predictive material design beyond finding preexisting TIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Institute of Physics & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China.
| | - Jia-Tao Sun
- Institute of Physics & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China. and School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Gurjyot Sethi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
| | - Yu-Yang Zhang
- Institute of Physics & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China. and CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Shixuan Du
- Institute of Physics & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China. and CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
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