1
|
Peschel J, Busto D, Plach M, Bertolino M, Hoflund M, Maclot S, Vinbladh J, Wikmark H, Zapata F, Lindroth E, Gisselbrecht M, Dahlström JM, L'Huillier A, Eng-Johnsson P. Attosecond dynamics of multi-channel single photon ionization. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5205. [PMID: 36057622 PMCID: PMC9440915 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32780-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoionization of atoms and molecules is one of the fastest processes in nature. The understanding of the ultrafast temporal dynamics of this process often requires the characterization of the different angular momentum channels over a broad energy range. Using a two-photon interferometry technique based on extreme ultraviolet and infrared ultrashort pulses, we measure the phase and amplitude of the individual angular momentum channels as a function of kinetic energy in the outer-shell photoionization of neon. This allows us to unravel the influence of channel interference as well as the effect of the short-range, Coulomb and centrifugal potentials, on the dynamics of the photoionization process. Understanding of photoionization dynamics, one of the fastest processes in nature, requires the characterization of all underlying ionization channels. Here the authors use an interferometry technique based on attosecond pulses to measure the phase and amplitude of the individual angular momentum channels in the photoionization of neon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Peschel
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - David Busto
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden.,Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 19, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marius Plach
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mattias Bertolino
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Hoflund
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sylvain Maclot
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jimmy Vinbladh
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hampus Wikmark
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Felipe Zapata
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eva Lindroth
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Anne L'Huillier
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Eng-Johnsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Spin Polarization of Electrons in Two-Color XUV + Optical Photoionization of Atoms. ATOMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atoms10020066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The spin polarization of photoelectrons in two-color XUV + optical multiphoton ionization is theoretically considered using strong field approximation. We assume that both the XUV and the optical radiation are circularly polarized. It is shown that the spin polarization is basically determined by the XUV photoabsorption and that the sidebands are spin polarized as well. Their polarization may be larger or smaller than that of the central photoelectron line depending on the helicity of the dressing field.
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Z, Deng B, Zhang Q, Deng H, Liu B. Design, construction, and offline calibration of ARPolar prototype for SXFEL facility. RADIATION DETECTION TECHNOLOGY AND METHODS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41605-022-00329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
4
|
Wätzel J, Rebernik Ribič P, Coreno M, Danailov MB, David C, Demidovich A, Di Fraia M, Giannessi L, Hansen K, Krušič Š, Manfredda M, Meyer M, Mihelič A, Mirian N, Plekan O, Ressel B, Rösner B, Simoncig A, Spampinati S, Stupar M, Žitnik M, Zangrando M, Callegari C, Berakdar J, De Ninno G. Light-Induced Magnetization at the Nanoscale. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:157205. [PMID: 35499884 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.157205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Triggering and switching magnetic moments is of key importance for applications ranging from spintronics to quantum information. A noninvasive ultrafast control at the nanoscale is, however, an open challenge. Here, we propose a novel laser-based scheme for generating atomic-scale charge current loops within femtoseconds. The associated orbital magnetic moments remain ferromagnetically aligned after the laser pulses have ceased and are localized within an area that is tunable via laser parameters and can be chosen to be well below the diffraction limit of the driving laser field. The scheme relies on tuning the phase, polarization, and intensities of two copropagating Gaussian and vortex laser pulses, allowing us to control the spatial extent, direction, and strength of the atomic-scale charge current loops induced in the irradiated sample upon photon absorption. In the experiment we used He atoms driven by an ultraviolet and infrared vortex-beam laser pulses to generate current-carrying Rydberg states and test for the generated magnetic moments via dichroic effects in photoemission. Ab initio quantum dynamic simulations and analysis confirm the proposed scenario and provide a quantitative estimate of the generated local moments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wätzel
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - Marcello Coreno
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., 34149 Trieste, Italy
- ISM-CNR, in Basovizza Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Luca Giannessi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., 34149 Trieste, Italy
- INFN-LNF, Via E. Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati (Rome), Italy
| | - Klavs Hansen
- Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Špela Krušič
- J. Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Michael Meyer
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Andrej Mihelič
- J. Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Najmeh Mirian
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oksana Plekan
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Matija Stupar
- University of Nova Gorica, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Žitnik
- J. Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marco Zangrando
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Jamal Berakdar
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Giovanni De Ninno
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., 34149 Trieste, Italy
- University of Nova Gorica, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu Z, Deng B, Deng H, Liu B. Numerical study of transverse position monitor and compensation for x-ray polarization diagnosis. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:113104. [PMID: 34852524 DOI: 10.1063/5.0054804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosing free electron laser (FEL) polarization is critical for polarization-modulated research such as x-ray FEL diffraction imaging and probing material magnetism. In an electron time-of-flight (eTOF) polarimeter, the flight time and angular distribution of photoelectrons were designed based on x-ray polarimetry for on-site diagnosis. However, the transverse position of x-ray FEL pulses introduces error into the measured photoelectron angular distribution. This work, thus, proposes a method of compensating transverse position jitters for the polarization by the eTOF polarimeter itself without an external x-ray beam-position monitor. A comprehensive numerical model is developed to demonstrate the feasibility of the compensation method, and the results reveal that a spatial resolution of 20 μm and a polarity improved by 0.02 are possible with fully polarized FEL pulses. The impact of FEL pulses and a method to calibrate their linearity are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zipeng Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201800 Shanghai, China
| | - Bangjie Deng
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049 Shaanxi, China
| | - Haixiao Deng
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201210 Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201210 Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Walter P, Kamalov A, Gatton A, Driver T, Bhogadi D, Castagna JC, Cheng X, Shi H, Obaid R, Cryan J, Helml W, Ilchen M, Coffee RN. Multi-resolution electron spectrometer array for future free-electron laser experiments. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2021; 28:1364-1376. [PMID: 34475285 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577521007700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The design of an angular array of electron time-of-flight (eToF) spectrometers is reported, intended for non-invasive spectral, temporal, and polarization characterization of single shots of high-repetition rate, quasi-continuous, short-wavelength free-electron lasers (FELs) such as the LCLS II at SLAC. This array also enables angle-resolved, high-resolution eToF spectroscopy to address a variety of scientific questions on ultrafast and nonlinear light-matter interactions at FELs. The presented device is specifically designed for the time-resolved atomic, molecular and optical science endstation (TMO) at LCLS II. In its final version, the spectrometer comprises up to 20 eToF spectrometers aligned to collect electrons from the interaction point, which is defined by the intersection of the incoming FEL radiation and a gaseous target. The full composition involves 16 spectrometers forming a circular equiangular array in the plane normal to the X-ray propagation and four spectrometers at 54.7° angle relative to the principle linear X-ray polarization axis with orientations in the forward and backward direction of the light propagation. The spectrometers are capable of independent and minimally chromatic electrostatic lensing and retardation, in order to enable simultaneous angle-resolved photo- and Auger-Meitner electron spectroscopy with high energy resolution. They are designed to ensure an energy resolution of 0.25 eV across an energy window of up to 75 eV, which can be individually centered via the adjustable retardation to cover the full range of electron kinetic energies relevant to soft X-ray methods, 0-2 keV. The full spectrometer array will enable non-invasive and online spectral-polarimetry measurements, polarization-sensitive attoclock spectroscopy for characterizing the full time-energy structure of SASE or seeded LCLS II pulses, and support emerging trends in molecular-frame spectroscopy measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Walter
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Andrei Kamalov
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Averell Gatton
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Taran Driver
- The Stanford PULSE Institute, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Dileep Bhogadi
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jean Charles Castagna
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Xianchao Cheng
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Hongliang Shi
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Razib Obaid
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - James Cryan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Wolfram Helml
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Maria-Goeppert-Mayer-Strasse 2, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Markus Ilchen
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Ryan N Coffee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ilchen M, Schmidt P, Novikovskiy NM, Hartmann G, Rupprecht P, Coffee RN, Ehresmann A, Galler A, Hartmann N, Helml W, Huang Z, Inhester L, Lutman AA, MacArthur JP, Maxwell T, Meyer M, Music V, Nuhn HD, Osipov T, Ray D, Wolf TJA, Bari S, Walter P, Li Z, Moeller S, Knie A, Demekhin PV. Site-specific interrogation of an ionic chiral fragment during photolysis using an X-ray free-electron laser. Commun Chem 2021; 4:119. [PMID: 36697819 PMCID: PMC9814667 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-021-00555-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-wavelength free-electron lasers with their ultrashort pulses at high intensities have originated new approaches for tracking molecular dynamics from the vista of specific sites. X-ray pump X-ray probe schemes even allow to address individual atomic constituents with a 'trigger'-event that preludes the subsequent molecular dynamics while being able to selectively probe the evolving structure with a time-delayed second X-ray pulse. Here, we use a linearly polarized X-ray photon to trigger the photolysis of a prototypical chiral molecule, namely trifluoromethyloxirane (C3H3F3O), at the fluorine K-edge at around 700 eV. The created fluorine-containing fragments are then probed by a second, circularly polarized X-ray pulse of higher photon energy in order to investigate the chemically shifted inner-shell electrons of the ionic mother-fragment for their stereochemical sensitivity. We experimentally demonstrate and theoretically support how two-color X-ray pump X-ray probe experiments with polarization control enable XFELs as tools for chiral recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Ilchen
- grid.5155.40000 0001 1089 1036Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Germany ,grid.434729.f0000 0004 0590 2900European XFEL GmbH, Schenefeld, Germany ,Stanford PULSE Institute, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - Philipp Schmidt
- grid.5155.40000 0001 1089 1036Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Germany ,grid.434729.f0000 0004 0590 2900European XFEL GmbH, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Nikolay M. Novikovskiy
- grid.5155.40000 0001 1089 1036Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Germany ,grid.182798.d0000 0001 2172 8170Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Gregor Hartmann
- grid.5155.40000 0001 1089 1036Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Germany ,grid.424048.e0000 0001 1090 3682Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Rupprecht
- grid.419604.e0000 0001 2288 6103Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ryan N. Coffee
- grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - Arno Ehresmann
- grid.5155.40000 0001 1089 1036Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Andreas Galler
- grid.434729.f0000 0004 0590 2900European XFEL GmbH, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Nick Hartmann
- grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - Wolfram Helml
- grid.5675.10000 0001 0416 9637Fakultät für Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Zhirong Huang
- grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - Ludger Inhester
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alberto A. Lutman
- grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - James P. MacArthur
- grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - Timothy Maxwell
- grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - Michael Meyer
- grid.434729.f0000 0004 0590 2900European XFEL GmbH, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Valerija Music
- grid.5155.40000 0001 1089 1036Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Germany ,grid.434729.f0000 0004 0590 2900European XFEL GmbH, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Heinz-Dieter Nuhn
- grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - Timur Osipov
- grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - Dipanwita Ray
- grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - Thomas J. A. Wolf
- Stanford PULSE Institute, Menlo Park, CA USA ,grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - Sadia Bari
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Walter
- grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - Zheng Li
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Stefan Moeller
- grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - André Knie
- grid.5155.40000 0001 1089 1036Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Philipp V. Demekhin
- grid.5155.40000 0001 1089 1036Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ge P, Fang Y, Guo Z, Ma X, Yu X, Han M, Wu C, Gong Q, Liu Y. Probing the Spin-Orbit Time Delay of Multiphoton Ionization of Kr by Bicircular Fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:223001. [PMID: 34152168 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.223001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We study multiphoton ionization of Kr atoms by circular 400-nm laser fields and probe its photoelectron circular dichroism with the weak corotating and counterrotating circular fields at 800 nm. The unusual momentum- and energy-resolved photoelectron circular dichroisms from the ^{2}P_{1/2} ionic state are observed as compared with those from ^{2}P_{3/2} ionic state. We identify an anomalous ionization enhancement at sidebands related to the ^{2}P_{1/2} ionic state on photoelectron momentum distribution when switching the relative helicity of the two fields from corotating to counterrotating. By performing the two-color intensity-continuously-varying experiments and the pump-probe experiment, we find a specific mixed-photon populated resonant transition channel in counterrotating fields that contributes to the ionization enhancement. We then probe the time delay between the two spin-orbit coupled ionic states (^{2}P_{1/2} and ^{2}P_{3/2}) using bicircular fields and reveal that the resonant transition has an insignificant effect on the relative spin-orbit time delay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yiqi Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhenning Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xueyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Meng Han
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chengyin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Yunquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- Center for Applied Physics and Technology, HEDPS, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
De Silva AHNC, Atri-Schuller D, Dubey S, Acharya BP, Romans KL, Foster K, Russ O, Compton K, Rischbieter C, Douguet N, Bartschat K, Fischer D. Using Circular Dichroism to Control Energy Transfer in Multiphoton Ionization. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:023201. [PMID: 33512178 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.023201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chirality causes symmetry breaks in a large variety of natural phenomena ranging from particle physics to biochemistry. We investigate one of the simplest conceivable chiral systems, a laser-excited, oriented, effective one-electron Li target. Prepared in a polarized p state with |m|=1 in an optical trap, the atoms are exposed to co- and counterrotating circularly polarized femtosecond laser pulses. For a field frequency near the excitation energy of the oriented initial state, a strong circular dichroism is observed and the photoelectron energies are significantly affected by the helicity-dependent Autler-Townes splitting. Besides its fundamental relevance, this system is suited to create spin-polarized electron pulses with a reversible switch on a femtosecond timescale at an energy resolution of a few meV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A H N C De Silva
- Physics Department and LAMOR, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - D Atri-Schuller
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa 50311, USA
| | - S Dubey
- Physics Department and LAMOR, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - B P Acharya
- Physics Department and LAMOR, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - K L Romans
- Physics Department and LAMOR, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - K Foster
- Physics Department and LAMOR, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - O Russ
- Physics Department and LAMOR, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - K Compton
- Physics Department and LAMOR, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - C Rischbieter
- Physics Department and LAMOR, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - N Douguet
- Department of Physics, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia 30144, USA
| | - K Bartschat
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa 50311, USA
| | - D Fischer
- Physics Department and LAMOR, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hofbrucker J, Volotka AV, Fritzsche S. Maximum Elliptical Dichroism in Atomic Two-Photon Ionization. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:053401. [PMID: 30118269 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.053401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Elliptical dichroism is known in atomic photoionization as the difference in the photoelectron angular distributions produced in nonlinear ionization of atoms by left- and right-handed elliptically polarized light. We theoretically demonstrate that the maximum dichroism |Δ_{ED}|=1 always appears in two-photon ionization of any atom if the photon energy is tuned in so that the electron emission is dominantly determined by two intermediate resonances. We propose the two-photon ionization of atomic helium in order to demonstrate this remarkable phenomenon. The maximum elliptical dichroism could be used as a sensitive tool for analyzing the polarization state of photon beams produced by free-electron lasers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Hofbrucker
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - A V Volotka
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - S Fritzsche
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bencivenga F, Calvi A, Capotondi F, Cucini R, Mincigrucci R, Simoncig A, Manfredda M, Pedersoli E, Principi E, Dallari F, Duncan RA, Izzo MG, Knopp G, Maznev AA, Monaco G, Di Mitri S, Gessini A, Giannessi L, Mahne N, Nikolov IP, Passuello R, Raimondi L, Zangrando M, Masciovecchio C. Four-wave-mixing experiments with seeded free electron lasers. Faraday Discuss 2018; 194:283-303. [PMID: 27711831 DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00089d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of free electron laser (FEL) sources has provided an unprecedented bridge between the scientific communities working with ultrafast lasers and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and X-ray radiation. Indeed, in recent years an increasing number of FEL-based applications have exploited methods and concepts typical of advanced optical approaches. In this context, we recently used a seeded FEL to demonstrate a four-wave-mixing (FWM) process stimulated by coherent XUV radiation, namely the XUV transient grating (X-TG). We hereby report on X-TG measurements carried out on a sample of silicon nitride (Si3N4). The recorded data bears evidence for two distinct signal decay mechanisms: one occurring on a sub-ps timescale and one following slower dynamics extending throughout and beyond the probed timescale range (100 ps). The latter is compatible with a slower relaxation (time decay > ns), that may be interpreted as the signature of thermal diffusion modes. From the peak intensity of the X-TG signal we could estimate a value of the effective third-order susceptibility which is substantially larger than that found in SiO2, so far the only sample with available X-TG data. Furthermore, the intensity of the time-coincidence peak shows a linear dependence on the intensity of the three input beams, indicating that the measurements were performed in the weak field regime. However, the timescale of the ultrafast relaxation exhibits a dependence on the intensity of the XUV radiation. We interpreted the observed behaviour as the generation of a population grating of free-electrons and holes that, on the sub-ps timescale, relaxes to generate lattice excitations. The background free detection inherent to the X-TG approach allowed the determination of FEL-induced electron dynamics with a sensitivity largely exceeding that of transient reflectivity and transmissivity measurements, usually employed for this purpose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Bencivenga
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| | - A Calvi
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via A.Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - F Capotondi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| | - R Cucini
- IOM-CNR, Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - R Mincigrucci
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| | - A Simoncig
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| | - M Manfredda
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| | - E Pedersoli
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| | - E Principi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| | - F Dallari
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Povo, TN, Italy
| | - R A Duncan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - M G Izzo
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| | - G Knopp
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - A A Maznev
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - G Monaco
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Povo, TN, Italy
| | - S Di Mitri
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| | - A Gessini
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| | - L Giannessi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy. and ENEA CR Frascati, Via E. Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Rome, Italy
| | - N Mahne
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| | - I P Nikolov
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| | - R Passuello
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| | - L Raimondi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| | - M Zangrando
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy. and IOM-CNR, Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - C Masciovecchio
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jiménez-Galán Á, Dixit G, Patchkovskii S, Smirnova O, Morales F, Ivanov M. Attosecond recorder of the polarization state of light. Nat Commun 2018; 9:850. [PMID: 29487288 PMCID: PMC5829146 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03167-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
High harmonic generation in multi-color laser fields opens the opportunity of generating isolated attosecond pulses with high ellipticity. Such pulses hold the potential for time-resolving chiral electronic, magnetization, and spin dynamics at their natural timescale. However, this potential cannot be realized without characterizing the exact polarization state of light on the attosecond timescale. Here we propose and numerically demonstrate a complete solution of this problem. Our solution exploits the extrinsic two-dimensional chirality induced in an atom interacting with the chiral attosecond pulse and a linearly polarized infrared probe. The resulting asymmetry in the photoelectron spectra allows to reconstruct the complete polarization state of the attosecond pulse, including its possible time dependence. The challenging problem of distinguishing circularly polarized, partially polarized, or unpolarized pulses in the extreme ultraviolet range is also resolved. We expect this approach to become the core ingredient for attosecond measurements of chiral-sensitive processes in gas and condensed phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gopal Dixit
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | | | - Olga Smirnova
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born Straße 2A, D-12489, Berlin, Germany.,Technische Universität Berlin, Ernst-Ruska-Gebäude, Hardenbergstraße 36A, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felipe Morales
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born Straße 2A, D-12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Misha Ivanov
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born Straße 2A, D-12489, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Physics, Humboldt University, Newtonstraße 15, D-12489, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen ZY, Li XY, Li BY, Chen M, Liu F. Isolated elliptically polarized attosecond soft X-ray with high-brilliance using polarization gating of harmonics from relativistic plasmas at oblique incidence. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:4572-4580. [PMID: 29475306 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.004572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The production of intense isolated attosecond pulse is a major goal in ultrafast research. Recent advances in high harmonic generation from relativistic plasma mirrors under oblique incidence interactions gave rise to photon-rich attosecond pulses with circular or elliptical polarization. However, to achieve an isolated elliptical attosecond pulse via polarization gating using currently available long driving pulses remains a challenge, because polarization gating of high harmonics from relativistic plasmas is assumed only possible at normal or near-normal incidence. Here we numerically demonstrate a scheme around this problem. We show that via control of plasma dynamics by managing laser polarization, it is possible to gate an intense single attosecond pulse with high ellipticity extending to the soft X-ray regime at oblique incidence. This approach thus paves the way towards a powerful tool enabling high-time-resolution probe of dynamics of chiral systems and magnetic materials with current laser technology.
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
16
|
Ilchen M, Douguet N, Mazza T, Rafipoor AJ, Callegari C, Finetti P, Plekan O, Prince KC, Demidovich A, Grazioli C, Avaldi L, Bolognesi P, Coreno M, Di Fraia M, Devetta M, Ovcharenko Y, Düsterer S, Ueda K, Bartschat K, Grum-Grzhimailo AN, Bozhevolnov AV, Kazansky AK, Kabachnik NM, Meyer M. Circular Dichroism in Multiphoton Ionization of Resonantly Excited He^{+} Ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:013002. [PMID: 28106422 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.013002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Intense, circularly polarized extreme-ultraviolet and near-infrared (NIR) laser pulses are combined to double ionize atomic helium via the oriented intermediate He^{+}(3p) resonance state. Applying angle-resolved electron spectroscopy, we find a large photon helicity dependence of the spectrum and the angular distribution of the electrons ejected from the resonance by NIR multiphoton absorption. The measured circular dichroism is unexpectedly found to vary strongly as a function of the NIR intensity. The experimental data are well described by theoretical modeling and possible mechanisms are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ilchen
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld Hamburg, Germany
- PULSE at Stanford, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, 94025 California, USA
| | - N Douguet
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa 50311, USA
| | - T Mazza
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld Hamburg, Germany
| | - A J Rafipoor
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Callegari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34149 Basovizza, Italy
| | - P Finetti
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34149 Basovizza, Italy
| | - O Plekan
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34149 Basovizza, Italy
| | - K C Prince
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34149 Basovizza, Italy
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Area Science Park, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- Molecular Model Discovery Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - A Demidovich
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34149 Basovizza, Italy
| | - C Grazioli
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34149 Basovizza, Italy
| | - L Avaldi
- CNR Istituto Struttura della Materia, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 100-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - P Bolognesi
- CNR Istituto Struttura della Materia, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 100-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - M Coreno
- CNR Istituto Struttura della Materia, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 100-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - M Di Fraia
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, I-34128 Trieste, Italy
| | - M Devetta
- Istituto di fotonica e nanotecnologie CNR-IFN, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Y Ovcharenko
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Düsterer
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - K Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - K Bartschat
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa 50311, USA
| | - A N Grum-Grzhimailo
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld Hamburg, Germany
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - A V Bozhevolnov
- Sankt Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, Sankt Petersburg 199164, Russia
| | - A K Kazansky
- Departamento de Fisica de Materiales, UPV/EHU, E-20018 San Sebastian/Donostia, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), E-20018 San Sebastian/Donostia, Spain
| | - N M Kabachnik
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld Hamburg, Germany
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), E-20018 San Sebastian/Donostia, Spain
| | - M Meyer
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Veyrinas K, Gruson V, Weber SJ, Barreau L, Ruchon T, Hergott JF, Houver JC, Lucchese RR, Salières P, Dowek D. Molecular frame photoemission by a comb of elliptical high-order harmonics: a sensitive probe of both photodynamics and harmonic complete polarization state. Faraday Discuss 2016; 194:161-183. [PMID: 27853775 DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00137h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to the intimate anisotropic interaction between an XUV light field and a molecule resulting in photoionization (PI), molecular frame photoelectron angular distributions (MFPADs) are most sensitive probes of both electronic/nuclear dynamics and the polarization state of the ionizing light field. Consequently, they encode the complex dipole matrix elements describing the dynamics of the PI transition, as well as the three normalized Stokes parameters s1, s2, s3 characterizing the complete polarization state of the light, operating as molecular polarimetry. The remarkable development of advanced light sources delivering attosecond XUV pulses opens the perspective to visualize the primary steps of photochemical dynamics in time-resolved studies, at the natural attosecond to few femtosecond time-scales of electron dynamics and fast nuclear motion. It is thus timely to investigate the feasibility of measurement of MFPADs when PI is induced e.g., by an attosecond pulse train (APT) corresponding to a comb of discrete high-order harmonics. In the work presented here, we report MFPAD studies based on coincident electron-ion 3D momentum imaging in the context of ultrafast molecular dynamics investigated at the PLFA facility (CEA-SLIC), with two perspectives: (i) using APTs generated in atoms/molecules as a source for MFPAD-resolved PI studies, and (ii) taking advantage of molecular polarimetry to perform a complete polarization analysis of the harmonic emission of molecules, a major challenge of high harmonic spectroscopy. Recent results illustrating both aspects are reported for APTs generated in unaligned SF6 molecules by an elliptically polarized infrared driving field. The observed fingerprints of the elliptically polarized harmonics include the first direct determination of the complete s1, s2, s3 Stokes vector, equivalent to (ψ, ε, P), the orientation and the signed ellipticity of the polarization ellipse, and the degree of polarization P. They are compared to so far incomplete results of XUV optical polarimetry. We finally discuss the comparison between the outcomes of photoionization and high harmonic spectroscopy for the description of molecular photodynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Veyrinas
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France.
| | - V Gruson
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - S J Weber
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - L Barreau
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Ruchon
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - J-F Hergott
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - J-C Houver
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France.
| | - R R Lucchese
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Salières
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Dowek
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hartmann G, Lindahl AO, Knie A, Hartmann N, Lutman AA, MacArthur JP, Shevchuk I, Buck J, Galler A, Glownia JM, Helml W, Huang Z, Kabachnik NM, Kazansky AK, Liu J, Marinelli A, Mazza T, Nuhn HD, Walter P, Viefhaus J, Meyer M, Moeller S, Coffee RN, Ilchen M. Circular dichroism measurements at an x-ray free-electron laser with polarization control. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:083113. [PMID: 27587106 DOI: 10.1063/1.4961470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A non-destructive diagnostic method for the characterization of circularly polarized, ultraintense, short wavelength free-electron laser (FEL) light is presented. The recently installed Delta undulator at the LCLS (Linac Coherent Light Source) at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (USA) was used as showcase for this diagnostic scheme. By applying a combined two-color, multi-photon experiment with polarization control, the degree of circular polarization of the Delta undulator has been determined. Towards this goal, an oriented electronic state in the continuum was created by non-resonant ionization of the O2 1s core shell with circularly polarized FEL pulses at hν ≃ 700 eV. An also circularly polarized, highly intense UV laser pulse with hν ≃ 3.1 eV was temporally and spatially overlapped, causing the photoelectrons to redistribute into so-called sidebands that are energetically separated by the photon energy of the UV laser. By determining the circular dichroism of these redistributed electrons using angle resolving electron spectroscopy and modeling the results with the strong-field approximation, this scheme allows to unambiguously determine the absolute degree of circular polarization of any pulsed, ultraintense XUV or X-ray laser source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Hartmann
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A O Lindahl
- PULSE at Stanford, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Knie
- Institut für Physik, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - N Hartmann
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A A Lutman
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J P MacArthur
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - I Shevchuk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Buck
- European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Galler
- European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - J M Glownia
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - W Helml
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Z Huang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - N M Kabachnik
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - A K Kazansky
- Departamento de Fisica de Materiales, UPV/EHU, Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), E-20018 San Sebastian/Donostia, Spain
| | - J Liu
- European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Marinelli
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T Mazza
- European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - H-D Nuhn
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - P Walter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Viefhaus
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Meyer
- European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Moeller
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R N Coffee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Ilchen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nosik VL. Nonlinear effects in propagation of radiation of X-ray free-electron lasers. CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1063774516030196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
20
|
Nahon L, Nag L, Garcia GA, Myrgorodska I, Meierhenrich U, Beaulieu S, Wanie V, Blanchet V, Géneaux R, Powis I. Determination of accurate electron chiral asymmetries in fenchone and camphor in the VUV range: sensitivity to isomerism and enantiomeric purity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:12696-706. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01293k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photoelectron circular dichroism is a chiroptical effect able to distinguish isomers and to determine accurately the enantiopurity of chiral compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Nahon
- Synchrotron SOLEIL
- L'Orme des Merisiers
- 91192 Gif sur Yvette
- France
| | - Lipsa Nag
- Synchrotron SOLEIL
- L'Orme des Merisiers
- 91192 Gif sur Yvette
- France
| | | | - Iuliia Myrgorodska
- Synchrotron SOLEIL
- L'Orme des Merisiers
- 91192 Gif sur Yvette
- France
- Institut de Chimie de Nice
| | - Uwe Meierhenrich
- Institut de Chimie de Nice
- UMR 7272 CNRS
- University Nice Sophia Antipolis
- 06108 Nice
- France
| | - Samuel Beaulieu
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA
- CELIA
- UMR 5107
- 33405 Talence
- France
| | - Vincent Wanie
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA
- CELIA
- UMR 5107
- 33405 Talence
- France
| | | | | | - Ivan Powis
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham NG7 2RD
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Deppe B, Huber G, Kränkel C, Küpper J. High-intracavity-power thin-disk laser for the alignment of molecules. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:28491-28500. [PMID: 26561120 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.028491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We propose a novel approach for strong alignment of gas-phase molecules for experiments at arbitrary repetition rates. A high-intracavity-power continuous-wave laser will provide the necessary ac electric field of 10(10)-10(11) W/cm(2). We demonstrate thin-disk lasers based on Yb:YAG and Yb:Lu(2)O(3) in a linear high-finesse resonator providing intracavity power levels in excess of 100 kW at pump power levels on the order of 50 W. The multi-longitudinal-mode operation of this laser avoids spatial-hole burning even in a linear standing-wave resonator. The system will be scaled up as in-vacuum system to allow for the generation of fields of 10(11) W/cm(2). This system will be directly applicable for experiments at modern X-ray light sources, such as synchrotrons or free-electron lasers, which operate at various very high repetition rates. This would allow to record molecular movies through temporally resolved diffractive imaging of fixed-in-space molecules, as well as the spectroscopic investigation of combined X-ray-NIR strong-field effects of atomic and molecular systems.
Collapse
|
22
|
Svetina C, Grazioli C, Mahne N, Raimondi L, Fava C, Zangrando M, Gerusina S, Alagia M, Avaldi L, Cautero G, de Simone M, Devetta M, Di Fraia M, Drabbels M, Feyer V, Finetti P, Katzy R, Kivimäki A, Lyamayev V, Mazza T, Moise A, Möller T, O’Keeffe P, Ovcharenko Y, Piseri P, Plekan O, Prince KC, Sergo R, Stienkemeier F, Stranges S, Coreno M, Callegari C. The Low Density Matter (LDM) beamline at FERMI: optical layout and first commissioning. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2015; 22:538-43. [PMID: 25931066 PMCID: PMC4416672 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577515005743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The Low Density Matter (LDM) beamline has been built as part of the FERMI free-electron laser (FEL) facility to serve the atomic, molecular and cluster physics community. After the commissioning phase, it received the first external users at the end of 2012. The design and characterization of the LDM photon transport system is described, detailing the optical components of the beamline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Svetina
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- Graduate School of Nanotechnology, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Cesare Grazioli
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- CNR-IOM TASC, Area Science Park Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- Laboratory of Quantum Optics, University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Nicola Mahne
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Fava
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Zangrando
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- CNR-IOM TASC, Area Science Park Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Michele Alagia
- CNR-IOM TASC, Area Science Park Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Avaldi
- CNR-ISM, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, I-00015 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy
| | | | - Monica de Simone
- CNR-IOM TASC, Area Science Park Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Michele Devetta
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Vitaliy Feyer
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6) and JARA-FIT, Research Center Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | | | | | - Antti Kivimäki
- CNR-IOM TASC, Area Science Park Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Patrick O’Keeffe
- CNR-ISM, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, I-00015 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Piseri
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Rudi Sergo
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Stranges
- CNR-IOM TASC, Area Science Park Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- Sapienza Università di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Marcello Coreno
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- CNR-ISM, Area Science Park, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Weckert E. The potential of future light sources to explore the structure and function of matter. IUCRJ 2015; 2:230-45. [PMID: 25866660 PMCID: PMC4392416 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252514024269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Structural studies in general, and crystallography in particular, have benefited and still do benefit dramatically from the use of synchrotron radiation. Low-emittance storage rings of the third generation provide focused beams down to the micrometre range that are sufficiently intense for the investigation of weakly scattering crystals down to the size of several micrometres. Even though the coherent fraction of these sources is below 1%, a number of new imaging techniques have been developed to exploit the partially coherent radiation. However, many techniques in nanoscience are limited by this rather small coherent fraction. On the one hand, this restriction limits the ability to study the structure and dynamics of non-crystalline materials by methods that depend on the coherence properties of the beam, like coherent diffractive imaging and X-ray correlation spectroscopy. On the other hand, the flux in an ultra-small diffraction-limited focus is limited as well for the same reason. Meanwhile, new storage rings with more advanced lattice designs are under construction or under consideration, which will have significantly smaller emittances. These sources are targeted towards the diffraction limit in the X-ray regime and will provide roughly one to two orders of magnitude higher spectral brightness and coherence. They will be especially suited to experiments exploiting the coherence properties of the beams and to ultra-small focal spot sizes in the regime of several nanometres. Although the length of individual X-ray pulses at a storage-ring source is of the order of 100 ps, which is sufficiently short to track structural changes of larger groups, faster processes as they occur during vision or photosynthesis, for example, are not accessible in all details under these conditions. Linear accelerator (linac) driven free-electron laser (FEL) sources with extremely short and intense pulses of very high coherence circumvent some of the limitations of present-day storage-ring sources. It has been demonstrated that their individual pulses are short enough to outrun radiation damage for single-pulse exposures. These ultra-short pulses also enable time-resolved studies 1000 times faster than at standard storage-ring sources. Developments are ongoing at various places for a totally new type of X-ray source combining a linac with a storage ring. These energy-recovery linacs promise to provide pulses almost as short as a FEL, with brilliances and multi-user capabilities comparable with a diffraction-limited storage ring. Altogether, these new X-ray source developments will provide smaller and more intense X-ray beams with a considerably higher coherent fraction, enabling a broad spectrum of new techniques for studying the structure of crystalline and non-crystalline states of matter at atomic length scales. In addition, the short X-ray pulses of FELs will enable the study of fast atomic dynamics and non-equilibrium states of matter.
Collapse
|
24
|
Ngoko Djiokap JM, Manakov NL, Meremianin AV, Hu SX, Madsen LB, Starace AF. Nonlinear Dichroism in Back-to-Back Double Ionization of He by an Intense Elliptically Polarized Few-Cycle Extreme Ultraviolet Pulse. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:223002. [PMID: 25494069 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.223002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Control of double ionization of He by means of the polarization and carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of an intense, few-cycle extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulse is demonstrated numerically by solving the six-dimensional two-electron, time-dependent Schrödinger equation for He interacting with an elliptically polarized XUV pulse. Guided by perturbation theory (PT), we predict the existence of a nonlinear dichroic effect (∝I^{3/2}) that is sensitive to the CEP, ellipticity, peak intensity I, and temporal duration of the pulse. This dichroic effect (i.e., the difference of the two-electron angular distributions for opposite helicities of the ionizing XUV pulse) originates from interference of first- and second-order PT amplitudes, allowing one to probe and control S- and D-wave channels of the two-electron continuum. We show that the back-to-back in-plane geometry with unequal energy sharing is an ideal one for observing this dichroic effect that occurs only for an elliptically polarized, few-cycle attosecond pulse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Ngoko Djiokap
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0299, USA
| | - N L Manakov
- Department of Physics, Voronezh State University, Voronezh 394006, Russia
| | - A V Meremianin
- Department of Physics, Voronezh State University, Voronezh 394006, Russia
| | - S X Hu
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - L B Madsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Anthony F Starace
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0299, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Žitnik M, Mihelič A, Bučar K, Kavčič M, Rubensson JE, Svanquist M, Söderström J, Feifel R, Såthe C, Ovcharenko Y, Lyamayev V, Mazza T, Meyer M, Simon M, Journel L, Lüning J, Plekan O, Coreno M, Devetta M, Di Fraia M, Finetti P, Richter R, Grazioli C, Prince KC, Callegari C. High resolution multiphoton spectroscopy by a tunable free-electron-laser light. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:193201. [PMID: 25415905 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.193201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Seeded free electron lasers theoretically have the intensity, tunability, and resolution required for multiphoton spectroscopy of atomic and molecular species. Using the seeded free electron laser FERMI and a novel detection scheme, we have revealed the two-photon excitation spectra of dipole-forbidden doubly excited states in helium. The spectral profiles of the lowest (-1,0)(+1) (1)S(e) and (0,1)(0) (1)D(e) resonances display energy shifts in the meV range that depend on the pulse intensity. The results are explained by an effective two-level model based on calculated Rabi frequencies and decay rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Žitnik
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia and Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A Mihelič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - K Bučar
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Kavčič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - J-E Rubensson
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, P.O. Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Svanquist
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, P.O. Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Söderström
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, P.O. Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R Feifel
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, P.O. Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden and University of Gothenburg, Department of Physics, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Såthe
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Y Ovcharenko
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Eugene-Wigner-Building Hardenbergstrasse 36, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - V Lyamayev
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder Strasse 3a, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - T Mazza
- European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Meyer
- European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Simon
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7614, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France and CNRS, UMR 7614, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - L Journel
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7614, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France and CNRS, UMR 7614, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - J Lüning
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7614, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France and CNRS, UMR 7614, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - O Plekan
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Coreno
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Devetta
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Di Fraia
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 2, I-34124 Trieste, Italy
| | - P Finetti
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - R Richter
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - C Grazioli
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - K C Prince
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy and eChemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - C Callegari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163, 5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|