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Yang Z, Yang Y, Huang Y, Shao Y, Hao H, Yao S, Xi Q, Guo Y, Tong L, Jian M, Shao Y, Zhang J. Wet-spinning of carbon nanotube fibers: dispersion, processing and properties. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwae203. [PMID: 39301072 PMCID: PMC11409889 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Owing to the intrinsic excellent mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) have been expected to become promising candidates for the next-generation of high-performance fibers. They have received considerable interest for cutting-edge applications, such as ultra-light electric wire, aerospace craft, military equipment, and space elevators. Wet-spinning is a broadly utilized commercial technique for high-performance fiber manufacturing. Thus, compared with array spinning from drawable CNTs vertical array and direct dry spinning from floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD), the wet-spinning technique is considered to be a promising strategy to realize the production of CNTFs on a large scale. In this tutorial review, we begin with a summative description of CNTFs wet-spinning process. Then, we discuss the high-concentration CNTs wet-spinning dope preparation strategies and corresponding non-covalent adsorption/charge transfer mechanisms. The filament solidification during the coagulation process is another critical procedure for determining the configurations and properties for derived CNTFs. Next, we discuss post-treatment, including continuous drafting and thermal annealing, to further optimize the CNTs orientation and compact configuration. Finally, we summarize the physical property-structure relationship to give insights for further performance promotion in order to satisfy the prerequisite for detailed application. Insights into propelling high-performance CNTFs production from lab-scale to industry-scale are proposed, in anticipation of this novel fiber having an impact on our lives in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Yinan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yufei Huang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanyan Shao
- College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - He Hao
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shendong Yao
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Qiqing Xi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yinben Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Lianming Tong
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Muqiang Jian
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Yuanlong Shao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
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2
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Wang W, Liu T, Wang X, Chen F, Feng X, Zhang F. Fully Integrated Recognition and Enrichment Electrospray Ionization Source for High-Sensitivity Mass Spectrometry Determination of Bioamine. Anal Chem 2024; 96:14332-14338. [PMID: 39178331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
The development of a highly specific recognition electrospray ionization source presents a major challenge for achieving rapid ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) detection of trace harmful substances in complex samples. In this study, we constructed a molecular imprinting nanofiber electrospinning membrane-coated steel substrate (MINMCS) based on the electrospinning strategy. This was designed as a highly specific recognition and enrichment electrospray ionization source module for AMS, where the molecular imprinting nanofiber membrane served as an excellent extraction and enrichment layer. The prepared ionization source demonstrated a sufficient loading capacity for three bioamines (BAs): histamine (HIS), tyramine (TYR), and tryptamine (TRY). With simplified sample pretreatment, this ionization source exhibited sensitivity comparable to that of high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Moreover, the entire analysis process could be completed within 1 min with acceptable recoveries (83.21-101.80%). In brief, this study introduces a new integrated recognition and enrichment electrospray ionization source for the detection of harmful substances such as bioamines, showcasing significant commercial potential for the rapid detection of foodborne harmful compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilai Wang
- Institute of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Beijing 100176, China
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Institute of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Xiujuan Wang
- Institute of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Fengming Chen
- Institute of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Xuesong Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Institute of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Beijing 100176, China
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Hossain MM, Kungsadalpipob P, He N, Gao W, Bradford P. Multilayer Core-Shell Fiber Device for Improved Strain Sensing and Supercapacitor Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2401031. [PMID: 38970556 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
1D fiber devices, known for their exceptional flexibility and seamless integration capabilities, often face trade-offs between desired wearable application characteristics and actual performance. In this study, a multilayer device composed of carbon nanotube (CNT), transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes), and cotton fibers, fabricated using a dry spinning method is presented, which significantly enhances both strain sensing and supercapacitor functionality. This core-shell fiber design achieves a record-high sensitivity (GF ≈ 4500) and maintains robust durability under various environmental conditions. Furthermore, the design approach markedly influences capacitance, correlating with the percentage of active material used. Through systematic optimization, the fiber device exhibited a capacitance 26-fold greater than that of a standard neat CNT fiber, emphasizing the crucial role of innovative design and high active material loading in improving device performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Milon Hossain
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Patrapee Kungsadalpipob
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nanfei He
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Philip Bradford
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
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4
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Sadavar SV, Lee S, Park S. Advancements in Asymmetric Supercapacitors: From Historical Milestones to Challenges and Future Directions. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2403172. [PMID: 38982707 PMCID: PMC11425848 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Numerous challenges, like the uninterrupted supply of electricity, stable and reliable power, and energy storage during non-operational hours, arise across various industries due to the absence of advanced energy storage technologies. With the continual technological advancements in portable electronics, green energy, and transportation, there are inherent limitations in their innovative production. Thus, ongoing research is focused on pursuing sustainable energy storage technologies. An emerging solution lies in the development of asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs), which offer the potential to extend their operational voltage limit beyond the thermodynamic breakdown voltage range of electrolytes. This is achieved by employing two distinct electrode materials, presenting an effective solution to the energy storage limitations faced by ASCs. The current review concentrates on the progression of working materials to develop authentic pseudocapacitive energy storage systems (ESS). Also, evaluates their ability to exceed energy storage constraints. It provides insights into fundamental energy storage mechanisms, performance evaluation methodologies, and recent advancements in electrode material strategies. The review approaches developing high-performance electrode materials and achieving efficient ASC types. It delves into critical aspects for enhancing the energy density of ASCs, presenting debates and prospects, thereby offering a comprehensive understanding and design principles for next-generation ASCs in diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seul‐Yi Lee
- Department of ChemistryInha University100 InharoIncheon22212Republic of Korea
| | - Soo‐Jin Park
- Department of ChemistryInha University100 InharoIncheon22212Republic of Korea
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Liu YM, Shi XL, Wu T, Wu H, Mao Y, Cao T, Wang DZ, Liu WD, Li M, Liu Q, Chen ZG. Boosting thermoelectric performance of single-walled carbon nanotubes-based films through rational triple treatments. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3426. [PMID: 38654020 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)-based thermoelectric materials, valued for their flexibility, lightweight, and cost-effectiveness, show promise for wearable thermoelectric devices. However, their thermoelectric performance requires significant enhancement for practical applications. To achieve this goal, in this work, we introduce rational "triple treatments" to improve the overall performance of flexible SWCNT-based films, achieving a high power factor of 20.29 µW cm-1 K-2 at room temperature. Ultrasonic dispersion enhances the conductivity, NaBH4 treatment reduces defects and enhances the Seebeck coefficient, and cold pressing significantly densifies the SWCNT films while preserving the high Seebeck coefficient. Also, bending tests confirm structural stability and exceptional flexibility, and a six-legged flexible device demonstrates a maximum power density of 2996 μW cm-2 at a 40 K temperature difference, showing great application potential. This advancement positions SWCNT films as promising flexible thermoelectric materials, providing insights into high-performance carbon-based thermoelectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Shi
- School of Chemistry and Physics, ARC Research Hub in Zero-emission Power Generation for Carbon Neutrality, and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanqing Mao
- School of Chemistry and Physics, ARC Research Hub in Zero-emission Power Generation for Carbon Neutrality, and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Physics and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianyi Cao
- School of Chemistry and Physics, ARC Research Hub in Zero-emission Power Generation for Carbon Neutrality, and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - De-Zhuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Di Liu
- School of Chemistry and Physics, ARC Research Hub in Zero-emission Power Generation for Carbon Neutrality, and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Meng Li
- School of Chemistry and Physics, ARC Research Hub in Zero-emission Power Generation for Carbon Neutrality, and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Qingfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Physics, ARC Research Hub in Zero-emission Power Generation for Carbon Neutrality, and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Hu Z, Sun X, Zhang X, Jia X, Feng X, Cui M, Gao E, Qian L, Gao X, Zhang J. Kinetic Modulation of Carbon Nanotube Growth in Direct Spinning for High-Strength Carbon Nanotube Fibers. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38600631 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
With impressive individual properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) show great potential in constructing high-performance fibers. However, the tensile strength of as-prepared carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) by floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD) is plagued by the weak intertube interaction between the essential CNTs. Here, we developed a chlorine (Cl)/water (H2O)-assisted length furtherance FCCVD (CALF-FCCVD) method to modulate the intertube interaction of CNTs and enhance the mechanical strength of macroscopic fibers. The CNTs acquired by the CALF-FCCVD method show an improvement of 731% in length compared to that by the conventional iron-based FCCVD system. Moreover, CNTFs prepared by CALF-FCCVD spinning exhibit a high tensile strength of 5.27 ± 0.27 GPa (4.62 ± 0.24 N/tex) and reach up to 5.61 GPa (4.92 N/tex), which outperforms most previously reported results. Experimental measurements and density functional theory calculations show that Cl and H2O play a crucial role in the furtherance of CNT growth. Cl released from the decomposition of methylene dichloride greatly accelerates the growth of the CNTs; H2O can remove amorphous carbon on the floating catalysts to extend their lifetime, which further modulates the growth kinetics and improves the purity of the as-prepared fibers. Our design of the CALF-FCCVD platform offers a powerful way to tune CNT growth kinetics in direct spinning toward high-strength CNTFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuncheng Hu
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiucai Sun
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Xinshi Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Xiangzheng Jia
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xueting Feng
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mingwei Cui
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Enlai Gao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Liu Qian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
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7
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Li K, Sun X, Wang Y, Wang J, Dai X, Yao Y, Chen B, Chong D, Yan J, Wang H. Densification Induced Decoupling of Electrical and Thermal Properties in Free-Standing MWCNT Films for Ultrahigh p- and n-Type Power Factors and Enhanced ZT. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2304266. [PMID: 37649184 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Generating sufficient power from waste heat is one of the most important things for thermoelectric (TE) techniques in numerous practical applications. The output power density of an organic thermoelectric generator (OTEG) is proportional to the power factors (PFs) and the electrical conductivities of organic materials. However, it is still challenging to have high PFs over 1 mW m-1 K-2 in free-standing films together with high electrical conductivities over 1000 S cm-1 . Herein, densifying multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) films would increase their electrical conductivity dramatically up to over 10 000 S cm-1 with maintained high Seebeck coefficients >60 µV K-1 , thus leading to ultrahigh PFs of 7.25 and 4.34 mW m-1 K-2 for p- and n-type MWCNT films, respectively. In addition, it is interesting to notice that the electrical properties increase faster than the thermal conductivities, resulting in enhanced ZT of 3.6 times in MWCNT films. An OTEG made of compressed MWCNT films is fabricated to demonstrate the heat-to-electricity conversion ability, which exhibits a high areal output power of ∼12 times higher than that made of pristine MWCNT films. This work demonstrates an effective way to high-performance nanowire/nanoparticle-based TE materials such as printable TE materials comprised of nanowires/nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuncai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Yizhuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Yanqiu Yao
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Bin Chen
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Daotong Chong
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Junjie Yan
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
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Shi HL, Shi QQ, Zhan H, Ai JJ, Chen YT, Wang JN. High-Strength Carbon Nanotube Fibers from Purity Control by Atomized Catalytic Pyrolysis and Alignment Improvement by Continuous Large Prestraining. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37987831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Transferring the high strength of individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to macroscopic fibers is still a major technical challenge. In this study, CNT fibers are wound from a hollow cylindrical assembly. In particular, atomized catalytic pyrolysis is utilized to produce the fiber and control its purity. The pristine fiber is then continuously prestrained to have a highly aligned structure for subsequent full densification. Experimental measurements show that the final fiber possesses a high tensile strength (8.0 GPa), specific strength (5.54 N tex-1 (tex: the weight (g) of a fiber of 1 km long)), Young's modulus (350 GPa), and elongation at break (4%). Such an excellent combination is superior to that of any other existing fiber and attributed to the efficient stress transfer among the highly aligned and packed CNTs. Our study provides a new strategy involving atomized catalysis for developing superstrong CNT assemblies such as fibers and films for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liang Shi
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qiang Qiang Shi
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hang Zhan
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jin Jin Ai
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yu Ting Chen
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jian Nong Wang
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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9
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Sun Y, Zhang X, Zhao D. Reinforcement of Aminopropyl-Terminated Siloxane-Treated Carbon Nanotubes in Epoxy Thermosets: Mechanical and Thermal Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3184. [PMID: 37571078 PMCID: PMC10421086 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of aminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane- treated carbon nanotube (AFCNT)-reinforced epoxy nanocomposites are reported in the current study. The amine functionalization of the CNTs was performed with a reaction to PDMS-NH2. The AFCNTs were homogeneously dispersed in epoxy resin by using an emulsifier and a three-roller mill. The AFCNTs were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The curing behavior of the epoxy/AFCNT was studied using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The tensile and impact strengths of the 2.0 wt.% AFCNT-reinforced epoxy nanocomposite were enhanced by 43.2% and 370%, respectively. Moreover, the glass transition temperature (Tg) was also enhanced by 21 °C. Furthermore, significant enhancements were observed in the initial degradation and char yield values. SEM results confirmed that the AFCNTs were highly dispersed in the polymeric matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (Y.S.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process & Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, College of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (Y.S.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process & Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, College of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Dongyu Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (Y.S.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process & Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, College of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150080, China
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10
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Li L, Sun T, Lu S, Chen Z, Xu S, Jian M, Zhang J. Graphene Interlocking Carbon Nanotubes for High-Strength and High-Conductivity Fibers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:5701-5708. [PMID: 36661854 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising building blocks for the fabrication of novel fibers with structural and functional properties. However, the mechanical and electrical performances of carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) are far lower than the intrinsic properties of individual CNTs. Exploring methods for the controllable assembly and continuous preparation of high-performance CNTFs is still challenging. Herein, a graphene/chlorosulfonic acid-assisted wet-stretching method is developed to produce highly densified and well-aligned graphene/carbon nanotube fibers (G/CNTFs) with excellent mechanical and electrical performances. Graphene with small size and high quality can bridge the adjacent CNTs to avoid the interfacial slippage under deformation, which facilitates the formation of a robust architecture with abundant conductive pathways. Their ordered structure and enhanced interfacial interactions endow the fibers with both high strength (4.7 GPa) and high electrical conductivity (more than 2 × 106 S/m). G/CNTF-based lightweight wires show good flexibility and knittability, and the high-performance fiber heaters exhibit ultrafast electrothermal response over 1000 °C/s and a low operation voltage of 3 V. This method paves the way for optimizing the microstructures and producing high-strength and high-conductivity CNTFs, which are promising candidates for the high-value fiber-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Li
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, P. R. China
| | - Tongzhao Sun
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Shichao Lu
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, P. R. China
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Shichen Xu
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, P. R. China
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Muqiang Jian
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, P. R. China
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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11
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Jiang Q, Wang F, Li R, Li B, Wei N, Gao N, Xu H, Zhao S, Huang Y, Wang B, Zhang W, Wu X, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Shi E, Zhang R. Synthesis of Ultralong Carbon Nanotubes with Ultrahigh Yields. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:523-532. [PMID: 36622363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ultralong carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are in huge demand in many cutting-edge fields due to their macroscale lengths, perfect structures, and extraordinary properties, while their practical application is limited by the difficulties in their mass production. Herein, we report the synthesis of ultralong CNTs with a dramatically increased yield by a simple but efficient substrate interception and direction strategy (SIDS), which couples the advantages of floating-catalyst chemical vapor deposition with the flying-kite-like growth mechanism of ultralong CNTs. The SIDS-assisted approach prominently improves the catalyst utilization and significantly increases the yield. The areal density of the ultralong CNT arrays with length of over 1 cm reached a record-breaking value of ∼6700 CNTs mm-1, which is 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than the previously reported values obtained by traditional methods. The SIDS provides a solution for synthesizing high-quality ultralong CNTs with high yields, laying the foundation for their mass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyuan Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Run Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Baini Li
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wei
- Research Center for Carbon-based Electronics and Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningfei Gao
- Beijing HuaTanYuanXin Electronics Technology Ltd. Co., Beijing 101399, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Xu
- Beijing HuaTanYuanXin Electronics Technology Ltd. Co., Beijing 101399, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Carbon-based Integrated Circuits, Beijing 100195, People's Republic of China
| | - Siming Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoshun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenshuo Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueke Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiliang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlong Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Enzheng Shi
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Rufan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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12
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Jiao X, Shi C, Zhao Y, Xu L, Liu S, Hou PX, Liu C, Cheng HM. Efficient Fabrication of High-Quality Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Their Macroscopic Conductive Fibers. ACS NANO 2022; 16:20263-20271. [PMID: 36475640 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
High-purity and well-graphitized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with excellent physiochemical properties are ideal building blocks for the assembly of various CNT macrostructures for a wide range of applications. We report the preparation of high-quality SWCNTs on a large scale using a floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD) method. Under the optimum conditions, the conversion rate of the carbon source to SWCNTs reached 28.8%, and 20.4% of the metal nanoparticles were active for SWCNT growth, which are 15% and ∼400 times higher than those previously reported for FCCVD synthesis, respectively. As a result, the prepared SWCNTs have a very low residual catalyst content of ∼1.9 wt % and a high rapid oxidation temperature of 717 °C. Using these high-quality SWCNTs, we spun macroscopic SWCNT fibers by a wet-spinning process. The resulting fibers had a high electrical conductivity of 6.67 MS/m, which is 32% higher than the best value previously reported for SWCNT fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Jiao
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Shi
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Lele Xu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaokang Liu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Xiang Hou
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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13
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Zhang X, De Volder M, Zhou W, Issman L, Wei X, Kaniyoor A, Terrones Portas J, Smail F, Wang Z, Wang Y, Liu H, Zhou W, Elliott J, Xie S, Boies A. Simultaneously enhanced tenacity, rupture work, and thermal conductivity of carbon nanotube fibers by raising effective tube portion. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq3515. [PMID: 36516257 PMCID: PMC9750159 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq3515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are superior to polymer chains, the mechanical and thermal properties of CNT fibers (CNTFs) remain inferior to synthetic fibers because of the failure of embedding CNTs effectively in superstructures. Conventional techniques resulted in a mild improvement of target properties while degrading others. Here, a double-drawing technique is developed to rearrange the constituent CNTs. Consequently, the mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting CNTFs can simultaneously reach their highest performances with specific strength ~3.30 N tex-1 (4.60 GPa), work of rupture ~70 J g-1, and thermal conductivity ~354 W m-1 K-1 despite starting from low-crystallinity materials (IG:ID ~ 5). The processed CNTFs are more versatile than comparable carbon fiber, Zylon and Dyneema. On the basis of evidence of load transfer efficiency on individual CNTs measured with in situ stretching Raman, we find that the main contributors to property enhancements are the increasing of the effective tube contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Michael De Volder
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation, Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Liron Issman
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Xiaojun Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Adarsh Kaniyoor
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | | | - Fiona Smail
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Zibo Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yanchun Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huaping Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Weiya Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - James Elliott
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Sishen Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Adam Boies
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
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14
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Liang Y, Luo X, Hu Z, Yang L, Zhang Y, Zhu L, Zhu M. Deposition of ZIF-67 and polypyrrole on current collector knitted from carbon nanotube-wrapped polymer yarns as a high-performance electrode for flexible supercapacitors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 631:77-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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Niu M, Cui C, Tian R, Zhao Y, Miao L, Hao W, Li J, Sui C, He X, Wang C. Mechanical and thermal properties of carbon nanotubes in carbon nanotube fibers under tension-torsion loading. RSC Adv 2022; 12:30085-30093. [PMID: 36329939 PMCID: PMC9585649 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05360h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In carbon nanotube fibers (CNFs) fabricated by spinning methods, it is well-known that the mechanical and thermal performances of CNFs are highly dependent on the mechanical and thermal properties of the inherent CNTs. Furthermore, long CNTs are usually preferred to assemble CNFs because the interaction and entanglement between long CNTs are effectively stronger than between short CNTs. However, in CNFs fabricated using long CNTs, the interior carbon nanotubes (CNTs) inevitably undergo both tension and torsion loading when they are stretched, which would influence the mechanical and thermal performances of CNFs. Here, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to study the mechanical and thermal properties of individual CNTs under tension-torsion loading. As for mechanical properties, it was found that both the fracture strength and Young's modulus of CNTs decreased as the twist angle α increased. Besides, step-wise fracture happened due to stress concentration when the twisted CNTs are stretched. On the other hand, it could be seen that the thermal conductivity of CNTs decreased as α increased. This work presents the systematic investigation of the mechanical and thermal properties of CNTs under tension-torsion loading and provides a theoretical guideline for the design and fabrication of CNFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mowen Niu
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering Beijing 100076 China
| | - Chongxiao Cui
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
| | - Rui Tian
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
| | - Yushun Zhao
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Linlin Miao
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
| | - Weizhe Hao
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
| | - Chao Sui
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong He
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Shenzhen STRONG Advanced Materials Research Institute Co., Ltd Shenzhen 518000 China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 P. R. China
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16
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Zhu Y, Yue H, Aslam MJ, Bai Y, Zhu Z, Wei F. Controllable Preparation and Strengthening Strategies towards High-Strength Carbon Nanotube Fibers. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3478. [PMID: 36234606 PMCID: PMC9565896 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with superior mechanical properties are expected to play a role in the next generation of critical engineering mechanical materials. Crucial advances have been made in CNTs, as it has been reported that the tensile strength of defect-free CNTs and carbon nanotube bundles can approach the theoretical limit. However, the tensile strength of macro carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) is far lower than the theoretical level. Although some reviews have summarized the development of such fiber materials, few of them have focused on the controllable preparation and performance optimization of high-strength CNTFs at different scales. Therefore, in this review, we will analyze the characteristics and latest challenges of multiscale CNTFs in preparation and strength optimization. First, the structure and preparation of CNTs are introduced. Then, the preparation methods and tensile strength characteristics of CNTFs at different scales are discussed. Based on the analysis of tensile fracture, we summarize some typical strategies for optimizing tensile performance around defect and tube-tube interaction control. Finally, we introduce some emerging applications for CNTFs in mechanics. This review aims to provide insights and prospects for the controllable preparation of CNTFs with ultra-high tensile strength for emerging cutting-edge applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukang Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongjie Yue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Muhammad Junaid Aslam
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yunxiang Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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17
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Continuously processing waste lignin into high-value carbon nanotube fibers. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5755. [PMID: 36180457 PMCID: PMC9525656 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
High value utilization of renewable biomass materials is of great significance to the sustainable development of human beings. For example, because biomass contains large amounts of carbon, they are ideal candidates for the preparation of carbon nanotube fibers. However, continuous preparation of such fibers using biomass as carbon source remains a huge challenge due to the complex chemical structure of the precursors. Here, we realize continuous preparation of high-performance carbon nanotube fibers from lignin by solvent dispersion, high-temperature pyrolysis, catalytic synthesis, and assembly. The fibers exhibit a tensile strength of 1.33 GPa and an electrical conductivity of 1.19 × 105 S m-1, superior to that of most biomass-derived carbon materials to date. More importantly, we achieve continuous production rate of 120 m h-1. Our preparation method is extendable to other biomass materials and will greatly promote the high value application of biomass in a wide range of fields.
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18
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Wen Y, Jian M, Huang J, Luo J, Qian L, Zhang J. Carbonene Fibers: Toward Next-Generation Fiber Materials. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:6035-6047. [PMID: 35852935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of human society has set unprecedented demands for advanced fiber materials, such as lightweight and high-performance fibers for reinforcement of composite materials in frontier fields and functional and intelligent fibers in wearable electronics. Carbonene materials composed of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms have been demonstrated to be ideal building blocks for advanced fiber materials, which are referred to as carbonene fibers. Carbonene fibers that generally include pristine carbonene fibers, composite carbonene fibers, and carbonene-modified fibers hold great promise in transferring the extraordinary properties of nanoscale carbonene materials to macroscopic applications. Herein, we give a comprehensive discussion on the conception, classification, and design strategies of carbonene fibers and then summarize recent progress regarding the preparations and applications of carbonene fibers. Finally, we provide insights into developing lightweight, high-performance, functional, and intelligent carbonene fibers for next-generation fiber materials in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeye Wen
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, People's Republic of China
| | - Muqiang Jian
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiankun Huang
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Luo
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, People's Republic of China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Qian
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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19
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Li R, Jiang Q, Zhang R. Progress and perspective on high-strength and multifunctional carbon nanotube fibers. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:784-787. [PMID: 36546230 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Run Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qinyuan Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rufan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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20
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Lee D, Kim SG, Hong S, Madrona C, Oh Y, Park M, Komatsu N, Taylor LW, Chung B, Kim J, Hwang JY, Yu J, Lee DS, Jeong HS, You NH, Kim ND, Kim DY, Lee HS, Lee KH, Kono J, Wehmeyer G, Pasquali M, Vilatela JJ, Ryu S, Ku BC. Ultrahigh strength, modulus, and conductivity of graphitic fibers by macromolecular coalescence. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn0939. [PMID: 35452295 PMCID: PMC9032978 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn0939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Theoretical considerations suggest that the strength of carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers be exceptional; however, their mechanical performance values are much lower than the theoretical values. To achieve macroscopic fibers with ultrahigh performance, we developed a method to form multidimensional nanostructures by coalescence of individual nanotubes. The highly aligned wet-spun fibers of single- or double-walled nanotube bundles were graphitized to induce nanotube collapse and multi-inner walled structures. These advanced nanostructures formed a network of interconnected, close-packed graphitic domains. Their near-perfect alignment and high longitudinal crystallinity that increased the shear strength between CNTs while retaining notable flexibility. The resulting fibers have an exceptional combination of high tensile strength (6.57 GPa), modulus (629 GPa), thermal conductivity (482 W/m·K), and electrical conductivity (2.2 MS/m), thereby overcoming the limits associated with conventional synthetic fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongju Lee
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Center for Advanced Material Analysis, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Gyun Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungki Hong
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Cristina Madrona
- IMDEA Materials Institute, Eric Kandel 2, Getafe, Madrid 28906, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Yuna Oh
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Park
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Natsumi Komatsu
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and the Carbon Hub, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Lauren W. Taylor
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and the Carbon Hub, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Bongjin Chung
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Center for Advanced Material Analysis, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yeon Hwang
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesang Yu
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Su Lee
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Su Jeong
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Ho You
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Dong Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Yoon Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon Sang Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Hong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Junichiro Kono
- Departments of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Physics & Astronomy, and Materials Science & NanoEngineering, the Smalley-Curl Institute, and the Carbon Hub, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Geoff Wehmeyer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and the Carbon Hub, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Matteo Pasquali
- Departments of Chemical Engineering & Biomolecular Engineering, Chemistry, and Materials Science & NanoEngineering and The Carbon Hub, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Juan J. Vilatela
- IMDEA Materials Institute, Eric Kandel 2, Getafe, Madrid 28906, Spain
| | - Seongwoo Ryu
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Center for Advanced Material Analysis, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon-Cheol Ku
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Convergence, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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21
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Song Y, Di J, Jia Y, Yong Z, Xu J. Temperature-dependent resistance of carbon nanotube fibers. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:235704. [PMID: 35235915 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac59e4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube fibers are highly recommended in the field of temperature sensor application owing to their excellent electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity. Here, this work demonstrated the rapid thermal response behaviour of CNT fibers fabricated by floating catalyst CVD method, which was measured by anin situtechnique based on the CNT film electric heater with excellent electrothermal response properties. The temperature dependences of resistance and structure were both explored. Experimental investigation indicates that the reduction in the inter-CNT interspace in the fibers caused by thermally driven actuation was dominantly responsible for the decrease of the fibers resistance during the heating process. Especially, the heated fibers showed 7.2% decrease in electrical resistance at the applied square-wave voltage of 8 V, and good temperature sensitivity (-0.15% °C-1). The as-prepared CNT fibers also featured a rapid and reversible electrical resistance response behaviour when exposed to external heating stimulation. Additionally, with the increment of temperature and twist-degree, the generated contraction actuation increased, which endowed the CNT fibers with more decrease in electrical resistance. These observations further suggested that the temperature-dependent conduction behavior of the CNT fibers with a high reversibility and repeatability was strongly correlated with their structure response to heat stimulation. As a consequence, the temperature-conduction behavior described here may be applied in other CNT-structured fibers and facilitated the improvement in their temperature-sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Song
- COMAC Beijing Aircraft Technology Research Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Civil Aircraft Structures and Composite Material, Beijing 102211, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangtao Di
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications and Division of Advanced Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinlei Jia
- COMAC Beijing Aircraft Technology Research Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Civil Aircraft Structures and Composite Material, Beijing 102211, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengzhong Yong
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications and Division of Advanced Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jifeng Xu
- COMAC Beijing Aircraft Technology Research Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Civil Aircraft Structures and Composite Material, Beijing 102211, People's Republic of China
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Ryabenko AG, Kiryukhin DP, Kichigina GA, Basu VG, Zhigalina OM, Dremova NN. Influence of Gamma Irradiation on the Properties of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Obtained by CVD Synthesis. HIGH ENERGY CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0018143922010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Watanabe T, Yamazaki S, Yamashita S, Inaba T, Muroga S, Morimoto T, Kobashi K, Okazaki T. Comprehensive Characterization of Structural, Electrical, and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Yarns Produced by Various Spinning Methods. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12040593. [PMID: 35214922 PMCID: PMC8880327 DOI: 10.3390/nano12040593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive characterization of various carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns provides insight for producing high-performance CNT yarns as well as a useful guide to select the proper yarn for a specific application. Herein we systematically investigate the correlations between the physical properties of six CNT yarns produced by three spinning methods, and their structures and the properties of the constituent CNTs. The electrical conductivity increases in all yarns regardless of the spinning method as the effective length of the constituent CNTs and the density of the yarns increase. On the other hand, the tensile strength shows a much stronger dependence on the packing density of the yarns than the CNT effective length, indicating the relative importance of the interfacial interaction. The contribution of each physical parameter to the yarn properties are quantitatively analyzed by partial least square regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Watanabe
- CNT-Application Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (T.W.); (T.I.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Satoshi Yamazaki
- Research Association of High-Throughput Design and Development for Advanced Functional Materials (ADMAT), Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.)
| | - Satoshi Yamashita
- Research Association of High-Throughput Design and Development for Advanced Functional Materials (ADMAT), Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.)
| | - Takumi Inaba
- CNT-Application Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (T.W.); (T.I.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Shun Muroga
- CNT-Application Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (T.W.); (T.I.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Takahiro Morimoto
- CNT-Application Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (T.W.); (T.I.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Kazufumi Kobashi
- CNT-Application Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (T.W.); (T.I.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Toshiya Okazaki
- CNT-Application Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (T.W.); (T.I.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Qian L, Xie Y, Zou M, Zhang J. Building a Bridge for Carbon Nanotubes from Nanoscale Structure to Macroscopic Application. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:18805-18819. [PMID: 34714049 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Through 30 years of research, researchers have gained a deep understanding of the synthesis, characteristics, and applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). However, up to now, there are still few industries using CNT as the leading material. The difficulty of CNTs to be applied in industry is the gap between the properties of CNT-based aggregates and those of a single carbon nanotube. Therefore, how to maintain the intrinsic properties of CNTs when they are assembled into aggregates is of great significance. Herein, we summarize and analyze the research status of CNT materials applied in different fields from proven techniques to potential industries, including energy storage, electronics, mechanical and other applications. For each application, the intrinsic properties of CNTs and the real performances of their aggregates are compared to figure out the key problems in CNT synthesis. Finally, we give an outlook for building a bridge for CNTs from nanoscale structure to macroscopic application, giving inspiration to researchers making efforts toward the real application of carbon nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Qian
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xie
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhi Zou
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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Xie D, Hu J, Wu T, Cao K, Luo X. Four Immune-Related Genes (FN1, UGCG, CHPF2 and THBS2) as Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Carbon Nanotube-Induced Mesothelioma. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:4987-5003. [PMID: 34511983 PMCID: PMC8412823 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s324365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), a highly aggressive cancer, was mainly attributed to asbestos exposure. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) share similar negative features to asbestos, provoking concerns about their contribution to MPM. This study was used to identify genes associated with CNT-induced MPM. Methods Microarray datasets were available in the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The limma method was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CNT-exposed MeT5A cells (GSE48855) or mice (GSE51636). Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network construction were conducted to screen hub DEGs. The mRNA expression levels of hub DEGs were validated on MPM samples of GSE51024, GSE2549 and GSE42977 datasets, and their diagnostic efficacy was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The prognostic values of hub DEGs were assessed using online tools based on The Cancer Genome Atlas data. Their functions were annotated by Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) enrichment and correlation with immune cells and markers. Results WGCNA identified that two modules were associated with disease status. Thirty-one common DEGs in the GSE48855 and GSE51636 datasets were overlapped with the genes in these two modules. Twenty of them had a high degree centrality (≥4) in the PPI network. Four DEGs (FN1, fibronectin 1; UGCG, UDP-glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase; CHPF2, chondroitin polymerizing factor 2; and THBS2, thrombospondin 2) could predict the overall survival, and they were confirmed to be upregulated in MPM samples compared with controls. Also, they could effectively predict the MPM risk, with an overall accuracy of >0.9. DAVID analysis revealed FN1, CHPF2 and THBS2 functioned in cell-ECM interactions; UGCG influenced glycosphingolipid metabolism. All genes were positively associated with infiltrating levels of immune cells (macrophages or dendritic cells) and the expression of the dendritic cell marker (NRP1, neuropilin 1). Conclusion These four immune-related genes represent potential biomarkers for monitoring CNT-induced MPM and predicting the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Xie
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchen Hu
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Wu
- Shanghai LEVSON Nanotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangli Cao
- Shanghai Institute of Spacecraft Equipment, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Luo
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
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Bulmer JS, Kaniyoor A, Elliott JA. A Meta-Analysis of Conductive and Strong Carbon Nanotube Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2008432. [PMID: 34278614 PMCID: PMC11469326 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A study of 1304 data points collated over 266 papers statistically evaluates the relationships between carbon nanotube (CNT) material characteristics, including: electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties; ampacity; density; purity; microstructure alignment; molecular dimensions and graphitic perfection; and doping. Compared to conductive polymers and graphitic intercalation compounds, which have exceeded the electrical conductivity of copper, CNT materials are currently one-sixth of copper's conductivity, mechanically on-par with synthetic or carbon fibers, and exceed all the other materials in terms of a multifunctional metric. Doped, aligned few-wall CNTs (FWCNTs) are the most superior CNT category; from this, the acid-spun fiber subset are the most conductive, and the subset of fibers directly spun from floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition are strongest on a weight basis. The thermal conductivity of multiwall CNT material rivals that of FWCNT materials. Ampacity follows a diameter-dependent power-law from nanometer to millimeter scales. Undoped, aligned FWCNT material reaches the intrinsic conductivity of CNT bundles and single-crystal graphite, illustrating an intrinsic limit requiring doping for copper-level conductivities. Comparing an assembly of CNTs (forming mesoscopic bundles, then macroscopic material) to an assembly of graphene (forming single-crystal graphite crystallites, then carbon fiber), the ≈1 µm room-temperature, phonon-limited mean-free-path shared between graphene, metallic CNTs, and activated semiconducting CNTs is highlighted, deemphasizing all metallic helicities for CNT power transmission applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S. Bulmer
- Department of Materials Science and MetallurgyUniversity of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridgeCB3 0FSUK
| | - Adarsh Kaniyoor
- Department of Materials Science and MetallurgyUniversity of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridgeCB3 0FSUK
| | - James A. Elliott
- Department of Materials Science and MetallurgyUniversity of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridgeCB3 0FSUK
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Lee T, Lee JW, Park KT, Kim JS, Park CR, Kim H. Nanostructured Inorganic Chalcogenide-Carbon Nanotube Yarn having a High Thermoelectric Power Factor at Low Temperature. ACS NANO 2021; 15:13118-13128. [PMID: 34279909 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As power-conversion devices, flexible thermoelectrics that enable conformal contact with heat sources of arbitrary shape are attractive. However, the low performance of flexible thermoelectric materials, which does not exceed those of brittle inorganic counterparts, hampers their practical applications. Herein, we propose inorganic chalcogenide-nanostructured carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns with outstanding power factor at a low temperature using electrochemical deposition. The inorganic chalcogenide-nanostructured CNT yarns exhibit the power factors of 3425 and 2730 μW/(m·K2) at 298 K for the p- and n-type, respectively, which is higher than those of previously reported flexible TE materials. On the basis of excellent performance and geometry advantage of the nanostructured CNT yarn for modular design, all-CNT based thermoelectric generators have been easily fabricated, showing the maximum power densities of 24 and 380 mW/m2 at ΔT = 5 and 20 K, respectively. These results provide a promising strategy for the realization of high-performance flexible thermoelectric materials and devices for flexible/or wearable self-powering systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taemin Lee
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Lee
- Carbon Nanomaterials Design Laboratory, Global Research Laboratory, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Tae Park
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Carbon Nanomaterials Design Laboratory, Global Research Laboratory, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sang Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Rae Park
- Carbon Nanomaterials Design Laboratory, Global Research Laboratory, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesuk Kim
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Energy & Environment Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
This perspective article describes the application opportunities of carbon nanotube (CNT) films for the energy sector. Up to date progress in this regard is illustrated with representative examples of a wide range of energy management and transformation studies employing CNT ensembles. Firstly, this paper features an overview of how such macroscopic networks from nanocarbon can be produced. Then, the capabilities for their application in specific energy-related scenarios are described. Among the highlighted cases are conductive coatings, charge storage devices, thermal interface materials, and actuators. The selected examples demonstrate how electrical, thermal, radiant, and mechanical energy can be converted from one form to another using such formulations based on CNTs. The article is concluded with a future outlook, which anticipates the next steps which the research community will take to bring these concepts closer to implementation.
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Cao Y, Zhou T, Wu K, Yong Z, Zhang Y. Aligned carbon nanotube fibers for fiber-shaped solar cells, supercapacitors and batteries. RSC Adv 2021; 11:6628-6643. [PMID: 35423204 PMCID: PMC8694961 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09482j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers have been considered as one of the ideal candidate electrodes for fiber-shaped energy harvesting and storage devices, due to their merits of flexibility, lightweight, desirable mechanical property, outstanding electrical conductivity as well as high specific surface area. Herein, the recent advancements on the aligned CNT fibers for energy harvesting and storage devices are reviewed. The synthesis, structure, and properties of aligned carbon nanotube fibers are briefly summarized. Then, their applications in fiber-shaped energy harvesting and storage devices (i.e., solar cells, supercapacitors, and batteries) are demonstrated. The remaining challenges are finally discussed to highlight the future research direction in the development of aligned CNT fibers for fiber-shaped energy devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Cao
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 Anhui China
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Advanced Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu China
- Division of Nanomaterials, Jiangxi Key Lab of Carbonene Materials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Nanchang, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang 330200 Jiangxi China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Division of Nanomaterials, Jiangxi Key Lab of Carbonene Materials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Nanchang, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang 330200 Jiangxi China
| | - Kunjie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Advanced Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu China
- Division of Nanomaterials, Jiangxi Key Lab of Carbonene Materials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Nanchang, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang 330200 Jiangxi China
| | - Zhenzhong Yong
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Advanced Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu China
- Division of Nanomaterials, Jiangxi Key Lab of Carbonene Materials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Nanchang, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang 330200 Jiangxi China
| | - Yongyi Zhang
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 Anhui China
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Advanced Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu China
- Division of Nanomaterials, Jiangxi Key Lab of Carbonene Materials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Nanchang, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang 330200 Jiangxi China
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Gupta N, Alred JM, Penev ES, Yakobson BI. Universal Strength Scaling in Carbon Nanotube Bundles with Frictional Load Transfer. ACS NANO 2021; 15:1342-1350. [PMID: 33381972 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) individually display exceptional mechanical properties, but the strength of their mesoscale assemblies such as bundles has a fundamental disconnect, with limited understanding of its scaling. Here we use coarse-grained implementation of a CNT interface with prescribed length distributions and parametrized cross-link density, providing two essential control parameters. It is shown that a linear relationship between strength of the bundles and these control parameters exists, across multiple hierarchies of nanotube interfaces. Furthermore, all geometrical perturbations caused by length distribution and bundle dimensions result in a net stress concentration effect, without influencing the scaling behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitant Gupta
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - John M Alred
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Evgeni S Penev
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Boris I Yakobson
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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Xie D, Luo X. Identification of four methylation-driven genes as candidate biomarkers for monitoring single-walled carbon nanotube-induced malignant transformation of the lung. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 412:115391. [PMID: 33387576 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been reported to induce malignant transformation. This study aimed to screen candidate biomarkers for monitoring occupational workers to prevent the development of lung cancer. mRNA (GSE56104) and methylation (GSE153246) profiles of lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells exposed to malignant transformation dose of single-walled CNTs or control medium were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database. A total of 1513 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 912 differentially methylated genes (DMGs) were identified using LIMMA method. The weighted correlation network analysis identified blue and turquoise modules were associated with malignant transformation of BEAS-2B cells, 124 DMGs of which were overlapped with DEGs. The mRNA and methylation levels of four methylation-driven DEGs were validated in both lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous cell carcinomas (LUSC) of The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset and they were associated with overall survival of LUAD patients. Downregulation of PXMP4 and MCOLN2, while upregulation of MET was confirmed in both LUSC and LUAD via Human Protein Atlas analysis. PXMP4 and MET protein levels were also supported in the proteomic analysis of LUAD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed the combination of four genes may be the optimal biomarker for predicting lung cancer, with the area under ROC curve >0.9. Function analysis revealed BARX2 may interact with CCND1 to regulate cell cycle; MET and PXMP4/MCOLN2 may positively correlate with CCR5/IL-6 or GATA3/HLA-DPB1/HLA-DPA1 to involve immune regulation. In conclusion, these four methylation-driven genes may be candidate prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for single-walled CNT-related lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaogang Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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Ray B, Parmar S, Date K, Datar S. Optically transparent polymer composites: A study on the influence of filler/dopant on electromagnetic interference shielding mechanism. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bishakha Ray
- Department of Applied Physics Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (Deemed University) Pune India
| | - Saurabh Parmar
- Department of Applied Physics Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (Deemed University) Pune India
| | - Kalyani Date
- Department of Applied Physics Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (Deemed University) Pune India
| | - Suwarna Datar
- Department of Applied Physics Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (Deemed University) Pune India
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Fan Y, Song E, Mustafa T, Liu R, Qiu P, Zhou W, Zhou Z, Kawasaki A, Shirasu K, Hashida T, Liu J, Wang L, Jiang W, Luo W. Liquid-Phase Assisted Engineering of Highly Strong SiC Composite Reinforced by Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2002225. [PMID: 33173744 PMCID: PMC7610309 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the ultrahigh intrinsic strength of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), the strengthening effect on ceramic matrix composite remains far from expectation mainly due to the weak load transfer between the reinforcement and ceramic matrix. With the assistance of the in situ pullout test, it is revealed that the liquid-phase sintering (LPS) can serve as a novel strategy to achieve effective load transfer in MWCNT reinforced ceramic matrix composites. The YAlO3 formed liquid phase during spark plasma sintering of SiC composite greatly facilitates radical elastic deformation of MWCNT, leading to highly increased interfacial shear strength (IFSS) as well as interlayer shear resistance (ISR) of nested walls. The liquid phase with superior wettability can even penetrate into the defects of MWCNT, which further increases the ISR of MWCNT. Moreover, the first-principles calculation indicates that the oxygen terminated YAlO3 phase displays much stronger bonding compared with SiC matrix, which is also responsible for the large IFSS in the composite. As a result, as high as 30% improvement of bending strength is achieved in the composite with only 3 wt% MWCNT in comparison to the monolithic ceramic, manifesting the unprecedented strengthening effect of MWCNT assisted by LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchi Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
- Institute of Functional MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
| | - Erhong Song
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050China
| | - Tufail Mustafa
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBalochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS)Quetta87300Pakistan
| | - Ruicong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
| | - Pengpeng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
| | - Weiwei Zhou
- Department of Materials ProcessingGraduate School of EngineeringTohoku UniversitySendai980‐8579Japan
| | - Zhenxing Zhou
- Department of Materials ProcessingGraduate School of EngineeringTohoku UniversitySendai980‐8579Japan
| | - Akira Kawasaki
- Department of Materials ProcessingGraduate School of EngineeringTohoku UniversitySendai980‐8579Japan
| | - Keiichi Shirasu
- Department of Aerospace EngineeringTohoku UniversitySendai980‐8579Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Hashida
- Fracture and Reliability Research InstituteTohoku UniversitySendai980‐8579Japan
| | - Jianjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050China
| | - Lianjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
| | - Wan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
- Institute of Functional MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
| | - Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
- Institute of Functional MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
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34
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Direct synthesis of carbon nanotube aerogel using floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition: effect of gas flow rate. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Zhang S, Ma Y, Suresh L, Hao A, Bick M, Tan SC, Chen J. Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Strong Carbon Matrix Composites. ACS NANO 2020; 14:9282-9319. [PMID: 32790347 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
As an excellent candidate for lightweight structural materials and nonmetal electrical conductors, carbon nanotube reinforced carbon matrix (CNT/C) composites have potential use in technologies employed in aerospace, military, and defense endeavors, where the combinations of light weight, high strength, and excellent conductivity are required. Both polymer infiltration pyrolysis (PIP) and chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) methods have been widely studied for CNT/C composite fabrications with diverse focuses and various modifications. Progress has been reported to optimize the performance of CNT/C composites from broad aspects, including matrix densification, CNT alignment, microstructure control, and interface engineering, etc. Recent approaches, such as using resistance heating for PIP or CVI, contribute to the development of CNT/C composites. To deliver a timely and up-to-date overview of CNT/C composites, we have reviewed the most recent trends in fabrication processes, summarized the mechanical reinforcement mechanism, and discussed the electrical and thermal properties, as well as relevant case studies for high-temperature applications. Conclusions and perspectives addressing future routes for performance optimization are also presented. Hence, this review serves as a rundown of recent advances in CNT/C composites and will be a valuable resource to aid future developments in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yan Ma
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, School of Textiles and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, P.R. China
| | - Lakshmi Suresh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117574
| | - Ayou Hao
- High-Performance Materials Institute, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Michael Bick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Swee Ching Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117574
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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Zhan H, Shi QQ, Wu G, Wang JN. A carbon nanotube approach for efficient thermally insulating material with high mechanical stability and fire-retardancy. RSC Adv 2020; 10:21772-21780. [PMID: 35516623 PMCID: PMC9054524 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03472j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
For applications in energy-saving buildings, aerospace industry, and wearable electronic devices, thermally insulating materials (TIMs) are required to possess not only low thermal conductivity but also light weight, mechanical robustness, and environmental stability. However, conventional TIMs can rarely meet these requirements. To overcome this shortcoming, we propose a new strategy for preparing TIMs. This is based on the design of a highly porous structure from carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The CNT structure is constructed by continuous winding of a hollow cylindrical CNT assembly from a high-temperature furnace and subsequent modification by the deposition of amorphous carbon (AC). The resultant sponge-like material is shown to have a record-low density of 2-4 mg cm-3 and a record-low thermal conductivity of 10-14 mW m-1 K-1. Combined with this thermal property, the sponge material also possesses fire-retardancy during burning, mechanical robustness after repeated loading and unloading to a high strain of 90%, and environmental stability from 535 to -196 °C. Such a combination of physical and mechanical properties results from the strengthening of the porous structure by virtue of AC deposition on CNT surfaces and junctions. The high performance of the new TIM constitutes the foundation for it to be used in wide areas, especially under the harsh conditions requiring multifunctionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhan
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China +86-21-64252360
| | - Qiang Qiang Shi
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China +86-21-64252360
| | - Guang Wu
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China +86-21-64252360
| | - Jian Nong Wang
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China +86-21-64252360
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Wang J, Zhao J, Qiu L, Li F, Xu C, Wu K, Wang P, Zhang X, Li Q. Shampoo assisted aligning of carbon nanotubes toward strong, stiff and conductive fibers. RSC Adv 2020; 10:18715-18720. [PMID: 35518311 PMCID: PMC9053955 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02675a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
High alignment and densification of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are of key importance for strengthening CNT fibers, whereas direct stretching has a very limited effect when CNTs are highly entangled. We report that by lubricating CNT surfaces with viscous alcohols, the relative motion between CNTs improves because of the reduced sliding energy barrier; thus non-stretched regions are effectively eliminated. Owing to the very efficient optimization of the assembled structure, the stretched CNT fibers exhibited an average tensile strength of 2.33 GPa (1.82 N per tex) and modulus of 70.1 GPa (54.8 N per tex). Other fundamental properties, such as electrical and thermal conductivities, were also remarkably improved. Such a strategy can be readily used for manufacturing high-performance CNT assemblies and composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Wang
- Division of Advanced Nano-Materials and Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Jingna Zhao
- Division of Advanced Nano-Materials and Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 China
- Division of Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang 330200 China
| | - Lin Qiu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Fengcheng Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Changle Xu
- Division of Advanced Nano-Materials and Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Kunjie Wu
- Division of Advanced Nano-Materials and Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 China
- Division of Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang 330200 China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
- Division of Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang 330200 China
| | - Qingwen Li
- Division of Advanced Nano-Materials and Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 China
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Clancy AJ, Anthony DB, De Luca F. Metal Mimics: Lightweight, Strong, and Tough Nanocomposites and Nanomaterial Assemblies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:15955-15975. [PMID: 32191431 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ideal structural material would have high strength and stiffness with a tough ductile failure, all with a low density. Historically, no such material exists, and materials engineers have had to sacrifice a desired property during materials selection, with metals (high density), fiber composites (brittle failure), and polymers (low stiffness) having fundamental limitations on at least one front. The ongoing revolution of nanomaterials provides a potential route to build on the potential of fiber-reinforced composites, matching their strength while integrating toughening behaviors akin to metal deformations, all while using low-weight constituents. Here, the challenges, approaches, and recent developments of nanomaterials for structural applications are discussed, with an emphasis on improving toughening mechanisms, which is often the neglected factor in a field that chases strength and stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Clancy
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - David B Anthony
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - François De Luca
- Advanced Materials Characterisation group, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, U.K
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Dong L, Park JG, Leonhardt BE, Zhang S, Liang R. Continuous Synthesis of Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Water-Assisted Floating Catalyst Chemical Vapor Deposition. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020365. [PMID: 32093150 PMCID: PMC7075294 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) were synthesized and continuously collected using a water-assisted floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD) method. Differing from the conventional water-assisted synthesis in which water vapor is one part of the carrier gas mixture, we included de-ionized water in the catalyst system, which achieved a more uniform and controlled distribution for efficient DWCNT production. Using a water-assisted FCCVD process with optimized conditions, a transition from multi- to double-walled CNTs was observed with a decrease in diameters from 19–23 nm to 10–15 nm in tandem with an elevated Raman IG/ID ratio up to 10.23, and corroborated from the decomposition peak shifts in thermogravimetric data. To characterize the mechanical and electrical improvements, the FCCVD-CNT/bismaleimide (BMI) composites with different water concentrations were manufactured, revealing high electrical conductivity of 1720 S/cm along the bundle alignment (collection) direction, and the nano-indentation tests showed an axial reduced modulus at 65 GPa. A consistent value of the anisotropic ratio at ~3 was observed comparing the longitudinal and transverse properties. The continuous capability of the presented method while maintaining high quality is expected to result in an improved DWCNT mass production process and potentially enhance the structural and electrical applications of CNT nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Dong
- High-Performance Materials Institute (HPMI), Florida State University, 2005 Levy Ave., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (L.D.); (B.E.L.); (S.Z.); (R.L.)
- Materials Science and Engineering, 2005 Levy Ave., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Jin Gyu Park
- High-Performance Materials Institute (HPMI), Florida State University, 2005 Levy Ave., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (L.D.); (B.E.L.); (S.Z.); (R.L.)
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer St., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(850)-645-8993
| | - Branden E. Leonhardt
- High-Performance Materials Institute (HPMI), Florida State University, 2005 Levy Ave., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (L.D.); (B.E.L.); (S.Z.); (R.L.)
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer St., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Songlin Zhang
- High-Performance Materials Institute (HPMI), Florida State University, 2005 Levy Ave., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (L.D.); (B.E.L.); (S.Z.); (R.L.)
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer St., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Richard Liang
- High-Performance Materials Institute (HPMI), Florida State University, 2005 Levy Ave., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (L.D.); (B.E.L.); (S.Z.); (R.L.)
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer St., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
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Zhang X, Lu W, Zhou G, Li Q. Understanding the Mechanical and Conductive Properties of Carbon Nanotube Fibers for Smart Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1902028. [PMID: 31250496 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The development of fiber-based smart electronics has provoked increasing demand for high-performance and multifunctional fiber materials. Carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers, the 1D macroassembly of CNTs, have extensively been utilized to construct wearable electronics due to their unique integration of high porosity/surface area, desirable mechanical/physical properties, and extraordinary structural flexibility, as well as their novel corrosion/oxidation resistivity. To take full advantage of CNT fibers, it is essential to understand their mechanical and conductive properties. Herein, the recent progress regarding the intrinsic structure-property relationship of CNT fibers, as well as the strategies of enhancing their mechanical and conductive properties are briefly summarized, providing helpful guidance for scouting ideally structured CNT fibers for specific flexible electronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Zhang
- Division of Advanced Nano-Materials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Weibang Lu
- Division of Advanced Nano-Materials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Gengheng Zhou
- Division of Advanced Nano-Materials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qingwen Li
- Division of Advanced Nano-Materials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
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Weng W, Yang J, Zhang Y, Li Y, Yang S, Zhu L, Zhu M. A Route Toward Smart System Integration: From Fiber Design to Device Construction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1902301. [PMID: 31328845 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Fiber is a symbol of human civilization, being ubiquitous but obscure in society over most of history. Fiber has been revived upon the advent of fiber-based electronic devices in the past two decades. This is due to its desirable lightweight, flexible, and conformable characteristics, which enable it to play a fundamental role in the electronic and information era. Numerous fiber-based electronic devices have sprung up in energy conversion, energy storage, sensing, actuation, etc. A possibility is thereby conceived that they can be integrated into smart systems compatible with the human body, consisting of biotic fiber-based organs and tissues, which possess similar but more advanced functions. However, the design of mono-/multifibers, the construction of fiber-based devices, and the integration of these smart systems represent great challenges in fundamental understanding and practical implementation. A systematic review of the current state of the art with respect to the design and fabrication of electronic fiber materials, construction of fiber-based devices, and integration of smart systems is presented. In addition, limitations of current fiber-based devices and perspectives are explored toward potential and promising smart integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Weng
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Junjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yuxing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Shengyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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Wang G, Kim SK, Wang MC, Zhai T, Munukutla S, Girolami GS, Sempsrott PJ, Nam S, Braun PV, Lyding JW. Enhanced Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Chemically Cross-Linked Carbon-Nanotube-Based Fibers and Their Application in High-Performance Supercapacitors. ACS NANO 2020; 14:632-639. [PMID: 31877019 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The electrical conductivity and mechanical strength of fibers constructed from single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are usually limited by the weak interactions between individual CNTs. In this work, we report a significant enhancement of both of these properties through chemical cross-linking of individual CNTs. The CNT fibers are made by wet-spinning a CNT solution that contains 1,3,5-tris(2'-bromophenyl)benzene (2TBB) molecules as the cross-linking agent, and the cross-linking is subsequently driven by Joule heating. Cross-linking with 2TBB increases the conductivity of the CNT fibers by a factor of ∼100 and increases the tensile strength on average by 47%; in contrast, the tensile strength of CNT fibers fabricated without 2TBB decreases after the same Joule heating process. Symmetrical supercapacitors made from the 2TBB-treated CNT fibers exhibit a remarkably high volumetric energy density of ∼4.5 mWh cm-3 and a power density of ∼1.3 W cm-3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sung-Kon Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering , Chonbuk National University , 567 Baekje-Daero , Deokjin-gu , Jeonju 54896 , Republic of Korea
| | - Michael Cai Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
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Nanoparticle-Mediated Chaetomium, Unique Multifunctional Bullets: What Do We Need for Real Applications in Agriculture? Fungal Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-31612-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kaniyoor A, Bulmer J, Gspann T, Mizen J, Ryley J, Kiley P, Terrones J, Miranda-Reyes C, Divitini G, Sparkes M, O'Neill B, Windle A, Elliott JA. High throughput production of single-wall carbon nanotube fibres independent of sulfur-source. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:18483-18495. [PMID: 31577319 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06623c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FC-CVD) methods offer a highly scalable strategy for single-step synthesis and assembly of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into macroscopic textiles. However, the non-uniform axial temperature profile of a typical reactor, and differing precursor breakdown temperatures, result in a broad distribution of catalyst particle sizes. Spun CNT fibres therefore contain nanotubes with varying diameters and wall numbers. Herein, we describe a general FC-CVD approach to obtain relatively large yields of predominantly single-wall CNT fibres, irrespective of the growth promoter (usually a sulfur compound). By increasing carrier gas (hydrogen) flow rate beyond a threshold whilst maintaining a constant C : H2 mole ratio, CNTs with narrower diameters, a high degree of graphitization (G : D ratio ∼100) and a large throughput are produced, provided S : Fe ratio is sufficiently low. Analysis of the intense Raman radial breathing modes and asymmetric G bands, and a shift in the main nanotube population from thermogravimetric data, show that with increasing flow rate, the fibres are enriched with small diameter, metallic CNTs. Transmission electron microscopy corraborates our primary observation from Raman spectroscopy that with high total flow rates, the fibres produced consist of predominantly small diameter SWCNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adarsh Kaniyoor
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, 27 Charles Babbage Road, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK.
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Wang GJ, Cai YP, Ma YJ, Tang SC, Syed JA, Cao ZH, Meng XK. Ultrastrong and Stiff Carbon Nanotube/Aluminum-Copper Nanocomposite via Enhancing Friction between Carbon Nanotubes. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:6255-6262. [PMID: 31429572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Researchers have been aiming to replace copper with carbon nanotube/copper nanocomposites, which are lighter and exhibit better electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. However, the strength is far below pure carbon nanotube assembly and even much lower than some copper-based alloys. This disadvantage hinders the extensive application of carbon nanotube/copper nanocomposites. In this study, the carbon nanotube/aluminum-copper nanocomposites with ultra-strength and stiffness were prepared. The strength and elasticity modulus of composite reached as high as 6.6 and 500 GPa, respectively, while a high conductivity of 1.8 × 107 S/m was maintained. This can be attributed to the diffusion of Cu and Al atoms into the carbon nanotube fiber, which enhances friction between the carbon nanotubes by "pinning" and "bridging". This structure provides us with novel insights into the design of carbon nanotubes/metal nanocomposites with ultrahigh strength and conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Wang
- Institute of Materials Engineering, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Nanjing University , Jiangsu , China
| | - Y P Cai
- Institute of Materials Engineering, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Nanjing University , Jiangsu , China
| | - Y J Ma
- Institute of Materials Engineering, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Nanjing University , Jiangsu , China
| | - S C Tang
- Institute of Materials Engineering, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Nanjing University , Jiangsu , China
| | - J A Syed
- Institute of Materials Engineering, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Nanjing University , Jiangsu , China
| | - Z H Cao
- Institute of Materials Engineering, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Nanjing University , Jiangsu , China
| | - X K Meng
- Institute of Materials Engineering, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Nanjing University , Jiangsu , China
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Song Y, Di J, Zhang C, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Hu D, Li M, Zhang Z, Wei H, Li Q. Millisecond tension-annealing for enhancing carbon nanotube fibers. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:13909-13916. [PMID: 31304941 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03400e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mechanically strong carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers have increasingly become the focus of the present research in the fiber industry. However, the weak or even a lack of interconnections between adjacent CNTs induces much inter-tube slippages during fiber failure, and thus results in their low mechanical strength. Moreover, achieving fast cross-linking between neighbouring CNTs on a large scale to prevent the failure by slip is still a big challenge. Herein we report an ultrafast and continuous tension-annealing process to achieve the considerably improved tube alignment and strong covalent cross-linking of neighbouring CNTs in milliseconds, resulting in great improvement of the fiber performance. The CNT fibers were heated to high temperature (∼2450 °C) by Joule heating under the applied tension and subsequently annealed for just 12 ms. Due to the rapid electromechanical response of the fibers, instant nanotube rearrangements coupled by the formation of cross-links robustly bonding the adjacent CNTs occurred at power-on, which could be attributed to the considerable increases of strength and modulus by factors of 2.9 (up to 3.2 GPa) and 4.8 (up to 123 GPa), respectively. The resultant fibers showed high specific strength (2.2 N per tex), comparable with that of PAN-based carbon fibers, and high specific electrical conductivity higher than that of PAN-based carbon fibers. Moreover, the obtained strongly crosslinked and highly dense structures also endowed the fibers with the significantly improved thermal stability under a high-temperature oxidation atmosphere. Moreover, a continuous tension-annealing process was designed to achieve the large scale production of high performance fibers with the average strength of 2.2 GPa. The high-toughness, lightweight and continuous features together with their outstanding mechanical and electrical properties would certainly boost the large-scale applications of CNT fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Song
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, China. and Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jiangtao Di
- Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China. and Division of Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Nanchang, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jingna Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Yongyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China. and Division of Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Nanchang, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Dongmei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, China.
| | - Zuoguang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, China.
| | - Huazhen Wei
- Shandong Institute of Non-metallic Materials, Jinan 250031s, China
| | - Qingwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China. and Division of Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Nanchang, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
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47
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Direct spinning and densification method for high-performance carbon nanotube fibers. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2962. [PMID: 31273205 PMCID: PMC6609687 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10998-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing methods to assemble nanomaterials into macroscopic scaffolds is of critical significance at the current stage of nanotechnology. However, the complications of the fabrication methods impede the widespread usages of newly developed materials even with the superior properties in many cases. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of a highly-efficient and potentially-continuous fiber-spinning method to produce high-performance carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber (CNTF). The processing time is <1 min from synthesis of CNTs to fabrication of highly densified and aligned CNTFs. CNTFs that are fabricated by the developed spinning method are ultra-lightweight, strong (specific tensile strength = 4.08 ± 0.25 Ntex−1), stiff (specific tensile modulus = 187.5 ± 7.4 Ntex−1), electrically conductive (2,270 S m2kg−1), and highly flexible (knot efficiency = 48 ± 15%), so they are suitable for various high-value fabric-based applications. The tensile strength of a carbon nanotube fiber is predicted to increase as its constituent nanotubes become more perfectly and densely aligned. Here, the authors present an optimized direct-spinning and chlorosulfonic acid densification method to rapidly produce carbon nanotube fibers with excellent mechanical and electrical properties.
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48
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Negi V, Sengab A, Picu RC. Strength of filament bundles - The role of bundle structure stochasticity. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 94:1-9. [PMID: 30851655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Most biological fibrous materials are hierarchical, in the sense that fibers of finite length assemble in bundles, which then form networks with structural role. Examples include collagen, silk, fibrin and microtubules. Some artificial fiber-based materials share this characteristic, examples including carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns and unidirectional composites. Here we study bundles in which filaments do not break, while bundle rupture happens by the failure of inter-filament crosslinks, followed by pull-out. In all cases, the crosslinks are randomly distributed along interfaces. The strength of such bundles depends on material parameters of the filaments and crosslinks, such as their stiffness and strength, and on the cross-link density. We focus on the dependence of the bundle strength on two parameters: filament waviness and filament staggering. Bundles with regular staggering are stronger than those with stochastic staggering. We identify the optimal regular staggering that maximizes the strength. Filament waviness increases the strength of stochastically staggered bundles at constant crosslink density but decreases the strength of regularly staggered bundles. Results for bundles with permanent crosslinks, which never reform once they break, as well as transient crosslinks capable of reforming during deformation are presented, and it is shown that the general trends are independent of the nature of the crosslinks. The results are discussed in the context of collagen and carbon nanotube bundles.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Negi
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, United States
| | - A Sengab
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, United States
| | - R C Picu
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, United States.
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Bai Y, Shen B, Zhang S, Zhu Z, Sun S, Gao J, Li B, Wang Y, Zhang R, Wei F. Storage of Mechanical Energy Based on Carbon Nanotubes with High Energy Density and Power Density. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1800680. [PMID: 30357976 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201800680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Energy storage in a proper form is an important way to meet the fast increase in the demand for energy. Among the strategies for storing energy, storage of mechanical energy via suitable media is widely utilized by human beings. With a tensile strength over 100 GPa, and a Young's modulus over 1 TPa, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are considered as one of the strongest materials ever found and exhibit overwhelming advantages for storing mechanical energy. For example, the tensile-strain energy density of CNTs is as high as 1125 Wh kg-1 . In addition, CNTs also exhibit great potential for fabricating flywheels to store kinetic energy with both high energy density (8571 Wh kg-1 ) and high power density (2 MW kg-1 to 2 GW kg-1 ). Here, an overview of some typical mechanical-energy-storage systems and materials is given. Then, theoretical and experimental studies on the mechanical properties of CNTs and CNT assemblies are introduced. Afterward, the strategies for utilizing CNTs to store mechanical energy are discussed. In addition, macroscale production of CNTs is summarized. Finally, future trends and prospects in the development of CNTs used as mechanical-energy-storage materials are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Bai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Boyuan Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shenli Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Silei Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Banghao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Rufan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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50
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Jiang Z, Shao Y, Zhao P, Wang H. Flexible heteroatom-doped graphitic hollow carbon fibers for ultrasensitive and reusable electric current sensing. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:12853-12856. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc06341b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Flexible, highly conductive, robust nitrogen (N), sulfur (S) co-doped graphitic hollow carbon fibers (CFs) were directly fabricated by vacuum carbonization of “human hairs”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin
| | - Yue Shao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin
| | - Peng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin
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