1
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Nie P, Cao Z, Yu R, Dong C, Zhang W, Meng Y, Zhang H, Pan Y, Tong Z, Jiang X, Wang S, Zhu M, Han Y, Wang W, Zhang Y, Tan L, Li C, Xu Y, An L, Li B, Jiao S, Zhou Z. Targeting p97-Npl4 interaction inhibits tumor T reg cell development to enhance tumor immunity. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1623-1636. [PMID: 39107403 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01912-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Targeting tumor-infiltrating regulatory T (TI-Treg) cells is a potential strategy for cancer therapy. The ATPase p97 in complex with cofactors (such as Npl4) has been investigated as an antitumor drug target; however, it is unclear whether p97 has a function in immune cells or immunotherapy. Here we show that thonzonium bromide is an inhibitor of the interaction of p97 and Npl4 and that this p97-Npl4 complex has a critical function in TI-Treg cells. Thonzonium bromide boosts antitumor immunity without affecting peripheral Treg cell homeostasis. The p97-Npl4 complex bridges Stat3 with E3 ligases PDLIM2 and PDLIM5, thereby promoting Stat3 degradation and enabling TI-Treg cell development. Collectively, this work shows an important role for the p97-Npl4 complex in controlling Treg-TH17 cell balance in tumors and identifies possible targets for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifa Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruixian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Dong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Weihong Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenzhu Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoya Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengwen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijie Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanchuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanzhi Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwei An
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhaocai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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2
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Mowery CT, Freimer JW, Chen Z, Casaní-Galdón S, Umhoefer JM, Arce MM, Gjoni K, Daniel B, Sandor K, Gowen BG, Nguyen V, Simeonov DR, Garrido CM, Curie GL, Schmidt R, Steinhart Z, Satpathy AT, Pollard KS, Corn JE, Bernstein BE, Ye CJ, Marson A. Systematic decoding of cis gene regulation defines context-dependent control of the multi-gene costimulatory receptor locus in human T cells. Nat Genet 2024; 56:1156-1167. [PMID: 38811842 PMCID: PMC11176074 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01743-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) interact with trans regulators to orchestrate gene expression, but how transcriptional regulation is coordinated in multi-gene loci has not been experimentally defined. We sought to characterize the CREs controlling dynamic expression of the adjacent costimulatory genes CD28, CTLA4 and ICOS, encoding regulators of T cell-mediated immunity. Tiling CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) screens in primary human T cells, both conventional and regulatory subsets, uncovered gene-, cell subset- and stimulation-specific CREs. Integration with CRISPR knockout screens and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq) profiling identified trans regulators influencing chromatin states at specific CRISPRi-responsive elements to control costimulatory gene expression. We then discovered a critical CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) boundary that reinforces CRE interaction with CTLA4 while also preventing promiscuous activation of CD28. By systematically mapping CREs and associated trans regulators directly in primary human T cell subsets, this work overcomes longstanding experimental limitations to decode context-dependent gene regulatory programs in a complex, multi-gene locus critical to immune homeostasis.
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Grants
- P30 DK063720 NIDDK NIH HHS
- R01 HG008140 NHGRI NIH HHS
- T32 GM007618 NIGMS NIH HHS
- S10 OD028511 NIH HHS
- F99 CA234842 NCI NIH HHS
- S10 OD021822 NIH HHS
- K00 CA234842 NCI NIH HHS
- P01 AI138962 NIAID NIH HHS
- U01 HL157989 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 DK129364 NIDDK NIH HHS
- T32 DK007418 NIDDK NIH HHS
- R01 AI136972 NIAID NIH HHS
- F30 AI157167 NIAID NIH HHS
- R01 HG011239 NHGRI NIH HHS
- NIH grants 1R01DK129364-01A1, P01AI138962, and R01HG008140; the Larry L. Hillblom Foundation (grant no. 2020-D-002-NET); and Northern California JDRF Center of Excellence. A.M. is a member of the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy (PICI), and has received funding from the Arc Institute, Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI), Cancer Research Institute (CRI) Lloyd J. Old STAR award, a gift from the Jordan Family, a gift from the Byers family and a gift from B. Bakar.
- UCSF ImmunoX Computational Immunology Fellow, is supported by NIH grant F30AI157167, and has received support from NIH grants T32DK007418 and T32GM007618
- NIH grant R01HG008140
- Career Award for Medical Scientists from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund, a Lloyd J. Old STAR Award from the Cancer Research Institute, and the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy
- NIH grant U01HL157989
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody T Mowery
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jacob W Freimer
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Salvador Casaní-Galdón
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer M Umhoefer
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maya M Arce
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ketrin Gjoni
- Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bence Daniel
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics, Lipidomics and Next Generation Sequencing, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Katalin Sandor
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin G Gowen
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF CoLabs, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dimitre R Simeonov
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christian M Garrido
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gemma L Curie
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ralf Schmidt
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zachary Steinhart
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ansuman T Satpathy
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Program in Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katherine S Pollard
- Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub SF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jacob E Corn
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bradley E Bernstein
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chun Jimmie Ye
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub SF, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Rosalind Russell/Ephraim P. Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Alexander Marson
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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3
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Bamaga A, Muthaffar O, Alyazidi A, Bahowarth S, Shawli M, Alotibi F, Alsehemi M, Almohammal M, Alawwadh A, Alghamdi N. MED23 pathogenic variant: genomic-phenotypic analysis. J Med Life 2024; 17:500-507. [PMID: 39144687 PMCID: PMC11320618 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2024-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The mediator complex subunit 23 (MED23) gene encodes a protein that acts as a tail module mediator complex, a multi-subunit co-activator involved in several cellular activities. MED23 has been shown to have substantial roles in myogenesis and other molecular mechanisms. The functions of MED23 in the neurological system remain unclear and the clinical phenotype is not thoroughly described. Whole exome sequencing was used to identify a novel mutation in the MED23 gene. DNA capture probes using next-generation sequencing-based copy number variation analysis with Illumina array were performed. The clinical, demographic, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological data of the patients were collected, and similarly, the data of all reported cases in the literature were extracted to compare findings. Screening a total of 9,662 articles, we identified 22 main regulatory processes for the MED23 gene, including suppressive activity for carcinogenic processes. MED23 is also involved in the brain's neurogenesis and functions. The identified cases mainly presented with intellectual disability (87.5%) and developmental delay (50%). Seizures were present in only 18.75% of the patients. Slow backgrounds and spike and sharp-wave complexes were reported on the electroencephalogram (EEG) of a few patients and delayed myelination, thin corpus callosum, and pontine hypoplasia on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MED23 gene regulates several processes in which its understanding promotes considerable therapeutic potential for patients. It is crucial to consider genetic and laboratory testing, particularly when encountering potential carriers. Intellectual disability and developmental delay are the most notable clinical signs with heterogeneous features on EEG and MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Bamaga
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Neuromuscular Medicine Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Muthaffar
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Alyazidi
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Bahowarth
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Shawli
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alotibi
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matar Alsehemi
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Hospital, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Adel Alawwadh
- Department of Pediatrics, Khamis Mushait Maternity and Children Hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Njood Alghamdi
- Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Fu X, Liu S, Cao D, Li C, Ji H, Wang G. Med23 deficiency reprograms the tumor microenvironment to promote lung tumorigenesis. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:716-727. [PMID: 38195889 PMCID: PMC10912217 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02556-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. We previously found that Mediator complex subunit 23 (MED23) is important for the tumourigenicity of lung cancer cells with hyperactive Ras activity in vitro, although the in vivo function of MED23 in lung tumourigenesis remains to be explored. METHODS In this study, we utilized well-characterized KrasG12D-driven non-small cell lung cancer mouse model to investigate the role of MED23 in lung cancer. The lung tumour progression was evaluated by H&E and IHC analysis. Western blotting and qRT-PCR assays were performed to detect changes in gene expression. Immune cells were analyzed by FACS technology. RNA-seq and reporter assays were conducted to explore the mechanism. RESULTS We observed that lung epithelial Med23 deletion by adeno-Cre resulted in a significant increase in KrasG12D tumour number and size, which was further verified with another mouse model with Med23 specifically deleted in alveolar type II cells. Mice with lung-specific Med23 deficiency also exhibited accelerated tumourigenesis, and a higher proliferation rate for tumour cells, along with increased ERK phosphorylation. Notably, the numbers of infiltrating CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were significantly reduced in the lungs of Med23-deficient mice, while the numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and Treg cells were significantly increased, suggesting the enhanced immune escape capability of the Med23-deficient lung tumours. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the downregulated genes in Med23-deficient lung tumour tissues were associated with the immune response. Specifically, Med23 deficiency may compromise the MHC-I complex formation, partially through down-regulating B2m expression. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these findings revealed that MED23 may negatively regulate Kras-induced lung tumourigenesis in vivo, which would improve the precise classification of KRAS-mutant lung cancer patients and provide new insights for clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Siming Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Chonghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Hongbin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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5
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Lu Y, Luo F, Zhou A, Yi C, Chen H, Li J, Guo Y, Xie Y, Zhang W, Lin D, Yang Y, Wu Z, Zhang Y, Xu S, Hu W. Whole-genome sequencing of the invasive golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculata from Asia reveals rapid expansion and adaptive evolution. Gigascience 2024; 13:giae064. [PMID: 39311763 PMCID: PMC11417965 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giae064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pomacea canaliculata, an invasive species native to South America, is recognized for its broad geographic distribution and adaptability to a variety of ecological conditions. The details concerning the evolution and adaptation of P. canaliculate remain unclear due to a lack of whole-genome resequencing data. We examined 173 P. canaliculata genomes representing 17 geographic populations in East and Southeast Asia. Interestingly, P. canaliculata showed a higher level of genetic diversity than other mollusks, and our analysis suggested that the dispersal of P. canaliculata could have been driven by climate changes and human activities. Notably, we identified a set of genes associated with low temperature adaptation, including Csde1, a cold shock protein coding gene. Further RNA sequencing analysis and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction experiments demonstrated the gene's dynamic pattern and biological functions during cold exposure. Moreover, both positive selection and balancing selection are likely to have contributed to the rapid environmental adaptation of P. canaliculata populations. In particular, genes associated with energy metabolism and stress response were undergoing positive selection, while a large number of immune-related genes showed strong signatures of balancing selection. Our study has advanced our understanding of the evolution of P. canaliculata and has provided a valuable resource concerning an invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Center for Evolutionary Biology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Fang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - An Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Center for Evolutionary Biology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Cun Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Joint Research Laboratory of Genetics and Ecology on Parasite-host Interaction, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention & Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jian Li
- China Basic Medical College, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Yunhai Guo
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuxiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Joint Research Laboratory of Genetics and Ecology on Parasite-host Interaction, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention & Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Joint Research Laboratory of Genetics and Ecology on Parasite-host Interaction, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention & Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Datao Lin
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yaming Yang
- Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Yunnan 665000, China
| | - Zhongdao Wu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shuhua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Center for Evolutionary Biology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Joint Research Laboratory of Genetics and Ecology on Parasite-host Interaction, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention & Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
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6
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Ilchuk LA, Kubekina MV, Okulova YD, Silaeva YY, Tatarskiy VV, Filatov MA, Bruter AV. Genetically Engineered Mice Unveil In Vivo Roles of the Mediator Complex. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119330. [PMID: 37298278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediator complex is a multi-subunit protein complex which plays a significant role in the regulation of eukaryotic gene transcription. It provides a platform for the interaction of transcriptional factors and RNA polymerase II, thus coupling external and internal stimuli with transcriptional programs. Molecular mechanisms underlying Mediator functioning are intensively studied, although most often using simple models such as tumor cell lines and yeast. Transgenic mouse models are required to study the role of Mediator components in physiological processes, disease, and development. As constitutive knockouts of most of the Mediator protein coding genes are embryonically lethal, conditional knockouts and corresponding activator strains are needed for these studies. Recently, they have become more easily available with the development of modern genetic engineering techniques. Here, we review existing mouse models for studying the Mediator, and data obtained in corresponding experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid A Ilchuk
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina V Kubekina
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia D Okulova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia Yu Silaeva
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor V Tatarskiy
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim A Filatov
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra V Bruter
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe Sh. 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia
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7
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Sertori R, Lin JX, Martinez E, Rana S, Sharo A, Kazemian M, Sunderam U, Andrake M, Shinton S, Truong B, Dunbrack RM, Liu C, Srinivasan R, Brenner SE, Seroogy CM, Puck JM, Leonard WJ, Wiest DL. Investigation of the causal etiology in a patient with T-B+NK+ immunodeficiency. Front Immunol 2022; 13:928252. [PMID: 35967429 PMCID: PMC9372720 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.928252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) has not only accelerated diagnosis and improved treatment for affected infants, but also led to identification of novel genes required for human T cell development. A male proband had SCID newborn screening showing very low T cell receptor excision circles (TRECs), a biomarker for thymic output of nascent T cells. He had persistent profound T lymphopenia, but normal numbers of B and natural killer (NK) cells. Despite an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant from his brother, he failed to develop normal T cells. Targeted resequencing excluded known SCID genes; however, whole exome sequencing (WES) of the proband and parents revealed a maternally inherited X-linked missense mutation in MED14 (MED14V763A), a component of the mediator complex. Morpholino (MO)-mediated loss of MED14 function attenuated T cell development in zebrafish. Moreover, this arrest was rescued by ectopic expression of cDNA encoding the wild type human MED14 ortholog, but not by MED14V763A , suggesting that the variant impaired MED14 function. Modeling of the equivalent mutation in mouse (Med14V769A) did not disrupt T cell development at baseline. However, repopulation of peripheral T cells upon competitive bone marrow transplantation was compromised, consistent with the incomplete T cell reconstitution experienced by the proband upon transplantation with bone marrow from his healthy male sibling, who was found to have the same MED14V763A variant. Suspecting that the variable phenotypic expression between the siblings was influenced by further mutation(s), we sought to identify genetic variants present only in the affected proband. Indeed, WES revealed a mutation in the L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAMQ498H); however, introducing that mutation in vivo in mice did not disrupt T cell development. Consequently, immunodeficiency in the proband may depend upon additional, unidentified gene variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sertori
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jian-Xin Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Esteban Martinez
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sadhna Rana
- Innovation Labs, Tata Consultancy Services, Hyderabad, India
| | - Andrew Sharo
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Majid Kazemian
- Departments of Biochemistry and Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Uma Sunderam
- Innovation Labs, Tata Consultancy Services, Hyderabad, India
| | - Mark Andrake
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Susan Shinton
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Billy Truong
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Roland M. Dunbrack
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Transgenic Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | - Steven E. Brenner
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Christine M. Seroogy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jennifer M. Puck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco and UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Warren J. Leonard
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - David L. Wiest
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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8
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Long H, Jia Q, Wang L, Fang W, Wang Z, Jiang T, Zhou F, Jin Z, Huang J, Zhou L, Hu C, Wang X, Zhang J, Ba Y, Gong Y, Zeng X, Zeng D, Su X, Alexander PB, Wang L, Wang L, Wan YY, Wang XF, Zhang L, Li QJ, Zhu B. Tumor-induced erythroid precursor-differentiated myeloid cells mediate immunosuppression and curtail anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment efficacy. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:674-693.e7. [PMID: 35594863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite the unprecedented success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as anti-cancer therapy, it remains a prevailing clinical need to identify additional mechanisms underlying ICI therapeutic efficacy and potential drug resistance. Here, using lineage tracking in cancer patients and tumor-bearing mice, we demonstrate that erythroid progenitor cells lose their developmental potential and switch to the myeloid lineage. Single-cell transcriptome analyses reveal that, notwithstanding quantitative differences in erythroid gene expression, erythroid differentiated myeloid cells (EDMCs) are transcriptionally indistinguishable from their myeloid-originated counterparts. EDMCs possess multifaceted machinery to curtail T cell-mediated anti-tumor responses. Consequently, EDMC content within tumor tissues is negatively associated with T cell inflammation for the majority of solid cancers; moreover, EDMC enrichment, in accordance with anemia manifestation, is predictive of poor prognosis in various cohorts of patients undergoing ICI therapy. Together, our findings reveal a feedforward mechanism by which tumors exploit anemia-triggered erythropoiesis for myeloid transdifferentiation and immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Long
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingzhu Jia
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Chongqing, China
| | - Liuyang Wang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wenfeng Fang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Jin
- Research Institute, GloriousMed Clinical Laboratory (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiani Huang
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunyan Hu
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujie Ba
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujie Gong
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianghua Zeng
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Zeng
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingxing Su
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Li Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Limei Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yisong Y Wan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xiao-Fan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Jing Li
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Chongqing, China.
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Cui Y, Zhang Z, Zhou X, Zhao Z, Zhao R, Xu X, Kong X, Ren J, Yao X, Wen Q, Guo F, Gao S, Sun J, Wan Q. Microglia and macrophage exhibit attenuated inflammatory response and ferroptosis resistance after RSL3 stimulation via increasing Nrf2 expression. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:249. [PMID: 34717678 PMCID: PMC8557003 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02231-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many neurological diseases involve neuroinflammation, during which overproduction of cytokines by immune cells, especially microglia, can aggregate neuronal death. Ferroptosis is a recently discovered cell metabolism-related form of cell death and RSL3 is a well-known inducer of cell ferroptosis. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of RSL3 in neuroinflammation and sensitivity of different type of microglia and macrophage to ferroptosis. METHODS Here, we used quantitative RT-PCR analysis and ELISA analysis to analyze the production of proinflammatory cytokine production of microglia and macrophages after lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulation. We used CCK8, LDH, and flow cytometry analysis to evaluate the sensitivity of different microglia and macrophages to RSL3-induced ferroptosis. Western blot was used to test the activation of inflammatory signaling pathway and knockdown efficiency. SiRNA-mediated interference was conducted to knockdown GPX4 or Nrf2 in BV2 microglia. Intraperitoneal injection of LPS was performed to evaluate systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation severity in in vivo conditions. RESULTS We found that ferroptosis inducer RSL3 inhibited lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced inflammation of microglia and peritoneal macrophages (PMs) in a cell ferroptosis-independent manner, whereas cell ferroptosis-conditioned medium significantly triggered inflammation of microglia and PMs. Different type of microglia and macrophages showed varied sensitivity to RSL3-induced ferroptosis. Mechanistically, RSL3 induced Nrf2 protein expression to inhibit RNA Polymerase II recruitment to transcription start site of proinflammatory cytokine genes to repress cytokine transcription, and protect cells from ferroptosis. Furthermore, simultaneously injection of RSL3 and Fer-1 ameliorated LPS-induced neuroinflammation in in vivo conditions. CONCLUSIONS These data revealed the proinflammatory role of ferroptosis in microglia and macrophages, identified RSL3 as a novel inhibitor of LPS-induced inflammation, and uncovered the molecular regulation of microglia and macrophage sensitivity to ferroptosis. Thus, targeting ferroptosis in diseases by using RSL3 should consider both the pro-ferroptosis effect and the anti-inflammation effect to achieve optimal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cui
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhaolong Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangyu Xu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jinyang Ren
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xujin Yao
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qian Wen
- Department of Biomedical Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Feifei Guo
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Shengli Gao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jiangdong Sun
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qi Wan
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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10
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What do Transcription Factors Interact With? J Mol Biol 2021; 433:166883. [PMID: 33621520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.166883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although we have made significant progress, we still possess a limited understanding of how genomic and epigenomic information directs gene expression programs through sequence-specific transcription factors (TFs). Extensive research has settled on three general classes of TF targets in metazoans: promoter accessibility via chromatin regulation (e.g., SAGA), assembly of the general transcription factors on promoter DNA (e.g., TFIID), and recruitment of RNA polymerase (Pol) II (e.g., Mediator) to establish a transcription pre-initiation complex (PIC). Here we discuss TFs and their targets. We also place this in the context of our current work with Saccharomyces (yeast), where we find that promoters typically lack an architecture that supports TF function. Moreover, yeast promoters that support TF binding also display interactions with cofactors like SAGA and Mediator, but not TFIID. It is unknown to what extent all genes in metazoans require TFs and their cofactors.
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11
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Moderate static magnetic fields enhance antitumor CD8 + T cell function by promoting mitochondrial respiration. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14519. [PMID: 32884074 PMCID: PMC7471296 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71566-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
With the discovery of magnetoreceptor mechanisms in animals, it materialized the novel applications of controlling cell and animal behaviors using magnetic fields. T cells have shown to be sensitive to magnetic fields. Here, we reported that exposure to moderate SMFs (static magnetic fields) led to increased granule and cytokine secretion as well as ATP production and mitochondrial respiration from CD8+ T cells. These effects were inhibited by knocking down the Uqcrb and Ndufs6 genes of mitochondrial respiratory chain, whose transcriptions were regulated by candidate magnetoreceptor genes Isca1 and Cry1/Cry2. SMF exposure also promoted CD8+ T cell granule and cytokine secretion and repressed tumor growth in vivo. SMFs enhanced CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity, and the adoptive transfer into tumor-bearing mice resulted in enhanced antitumor effects. Collectively, our study suggests that moderate SMFs enhance CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity by promoting mitochondrial respiration and promoted the antitumor function of CD8+ T cells.
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12
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Chen GY, Zhang S, Li CH, Qi CC, Wang YZ, Chen JY, Wang G, Ding YQ, Su CJ. Mediator Med23 Regulates Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:699. [PMID: 32850819 PMCID: PMC7403405 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian Mediator (Med) is a key regulator of gene expression by linking transcription factors to RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcription machineries. The Mediator subunit 23 (Med23) is a member of the conserved Med protein complex and plays essential roles in diverse biological processes including adipogenesis, carcinogenesis, osteoblast differentiation, and T-cell activation. However, its potential functions in the nervous system remain unknown. We report here that Med23 is required for adult hippocampal neurogenesis in mouse. Deletion of Med23 in adult hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs) was achieved in Nestin-CreER:Med23flox/flox mice by oral administration of tamoxifen. We found an increased number of proliferating NSCs shown by pulse BrdU-labeling and immunostaining of MCM2 and Ki67, which is possibly due to a reduction in cell cycle length, with unchanged GFAP+/Sox2+ NSCs and Tbr2+ progenitors. On the other hand, neuroblasts and immature neurons indicated by NeuroD and DCX were decreased in number in the dentate gyrus (DG) of Med23-deficient mice. In addition, these mice also displayed defective dendritic morphogenesis, as well as a deficiency in spatial and contextual fear memory. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of hippocampal NSCs revealed an enrichment in genes involved in cell proliferation, Pol II-associated transcription, Notch signaling pathway and apoptosis. These results demonstrate that Med23 plays roles in regulating adult brain neurogenesis and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Yan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, and Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong-Cong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Brain Science, and Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Zhou Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia-Yin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, and Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, and Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Brain Science, and Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Jun Su
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China
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13
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Sun X, Cui Y, Feng H, Liu H, Liu X. TGF-β signaling controls Foxp3 methylation and T reg cell differentiation by modulating Uhrf1 activity. J Exp Med 2019; 216:2819-2837. [PMID: 31515281 PMCID: PMC6888975 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T (T reg) cells are required for the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Both TGF-β signaling and epigenetic modifications are important for Foxp3 induction, but how TGF-β signaling participates in the epigenetic regulation of Foxp3 remains largely unknown. Here we showed that T cell-specific ablation of Uhrf1 resulted in T reg-biased differentiation in TCR-stimulated naive T cells in the absence of TGF-β signaling, and these Foxp3+ T cells had a suppressive function. Adoptive transfer of Uhrf1 -/- naive T cells could significantly suppress colitis due to increased iT reg cell generation. Mechanistically, Uhrf1 was induced upon TCR stimulation and participated in the maintenance of DNA methylation patterns of T reg cell-specific genes during cell division, while it was phosphorylated upon TGF-β stimulation and sequestered outside the nucleus, and ultimately underwent proteasome-dependent degradation. Collectively, our study reveals a novel epigenetic mechanism of TGF-β-mediated iT reg cell differentiation by modulating Uhrf1 activity and suggests that Uhrf1 may be a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases for generating stable iT reg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyun Feng
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China .,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Regulation of the terminal maturation of iNKT cells by mediator complex subunit 23. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3875. [PMID: 30250136 PMCID: PMC6155209 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06372-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells) are a specific subset of T cells that recognize glycolipid antigens and upon activation rapidly exert effector functions. This unique function is established during iNKT cell development; the detailed mechanisms of this process, however, remain to be elucidated. Here the authors show that deletion of the mediator subunit Med23 in CD4+CD8+ double positive (DP) thymocytes completely blocks iNKT cell development at stage 2. This dysregulation is accompanied by a bias in the expression of genes related to the regulation of transcription and metabolism, and functional impairment of the cells including the loss of NK cell characteristics, reduced ability to secrete cytokines and attenuated recruitment capacity upon activation. Moreover, Med23-deficient iNKT cells exhibit impaired anti-tumor activity. Our study identifies Med23 as an essential transcriptional regulator that controls iNKT cell differentiation and terminal maturation. Invariant Natural Killer T cells (iNKT) rapidly exert effector functions upon activation, but the mechanisms of their functional maturation remain to be determined. Here, Xu and colleagues show that the mediator subunit Med23 is a transcriptional regulator controlling iNKT cell terminal maturation.
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15
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Med23 serves as a gatekeeper of the myeloid potential of hematopoietic stem cells. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3746. [PMID: 30218073 PMCID: PMC6138688 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06282-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to myeloablative stresses, HSCs are rapidly activated to replenish myeloid progenitors, while maintaining full potential of self-renewal to ensure life-long hematopoiesis. However, the key factors that orchestrate HSC activities during physiological stresses remain largely unknown. Here we report that Med23 controls the myeloid potential of activated HSCs. Ablation of Med23 in hematopoietic system leads to lymphocytopenia. Med23-deficient HSCs undergo myeloid-biased differentiation and lose the self-renewal capacity. Interestingly, Med23-deficient HSCs are much easier to be activated in response to physiological stresses. Mechanistically, Med23 plays essential roles in maintaining stemness genes expression and suppressing myeloid lineage genes expression. Med23 is downregulated in HSCs and Med23 deletion results in better survival under myeloablative stress. Altogether, our findings identify Med23 as a gatekeeper of myeloid potential of HSCs, thus providing unique insights into the relationship among Med23-mediated transcriptional regulations, the myeloid potential of HSCs and HSC activation upon stresses. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow are quiescent, but are activated in response to stress. Here, the authors show that loss of Med23 leads to greater activation and enhanced myeloid potential of HSCs in response to stress, also Med23 maintains stemness gene expression and suppresses myeloid genes.
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16
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Cui Y, Chen X, Zhang J, Sun X, Liu H, Bai L, Xu C, Liu X. Uhrf1 Controls iNKT Cell Survival and Differentiation through the Akt-mTOR Axis. Cell Rep 2016; 15:256-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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