1
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Gallego L, Woods JF, Butti R, Szwedziak P, Vargas Jentzsch A, Rickhaus M. Shape-Assisted Self-Assembly of Hexa-Substituted Carpyridines into 1D Supramolecular Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318879. [PMID: 38237056 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The extent of the influence that molecular curvature plays on the self-assembly of supramolecular polymers remains an open question in the field. We began addressing this fundamental question with the introduction of "carpyridines", which are saddle-shaped monomers that can associate with one another through π-π interactions and in which the rotational and translational movements are restricted. The topography displayed by the monomers led, previously, to the assembly of highly ordered 2D materials even in the absence of strong directional interactions such as hydrogen bonding. Here, we introduce a simple strategy to gain control over the dimensionality of the formed structures yielding classical unidimensional polymers. These have been characterized using well-established protocols allowing us to determine and confirm the self-assembly mechanism of both fibers and sheets. The calculated interaction energies are significantly higher than expected for flexible self-assembling units lacking classical "strong" non-covalent interactions. The versatility of this supramolecular unit to assemble into either supramolecular fibers or 2D sheets with strong association energies highlights remarkably well the potential and importance of molecular shape for the design of supramolecular materials and the applications thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Gallego
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joseph F Woods
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rachele Butti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Piotr Szwedziak
- Centre for Microscopy and Image Analysis, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Vargas Jentzsch
- SAMS Research Group, University of Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, Rue du Loess 23, 67200, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Rickhaus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
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2
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Mukherjee A, Ghosh G. Light-regulated morphology control in supramolecular polymers. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:2169-2184. [PMID: 38206133 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04989b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials have gained significant recent interest owing to their versatility and wide applications in fields ranging from materials science to biology. In the majority of examples, external stimuli, including light, act as a remote source of energy to depolymerize/deconstruct certain nanostructures or provide energy for exploring their functional features. However, there is little emphasis on the creation and precise control of these materials. Although significant progress has been made in the last few decades in understanding the pros and cons of various directional non-covalent interactions and their specific molecular recognition ability, it is only in the recent past that the focus has shifted toward controlling the dimension, dispersity, and other macroscopic properties of supramolecular assemblies. Control over the morphology of supramolecular polymers is extremely crucial not only for material properties they manifest but also for effective interactions with biological systems for their potential application in the field of biomedicine. This could effectively be achieved using photoirradiation which has been demonstrated by some recent reports. The concept as such offers a broad scope for designing versatile stimuli-responsive supramolecular materials with precise structure-property control. However, there has not yet been a compilation that focuses on the present subject of employing light to impact and regulate the morphology of supramolecular polymers or categorize the functional motif for easy understanding. In this review, we have collated recent examples of how light irradiation can tune the morphology and nanostructures of supramolecular polymers and categorized them based on their chemical transformation such as cis-trans isomerization, cycloaddition, and photo-cleavage. We have also established a direct correlation among the structures of the building blocks, mesoscopic properties and functional behavior of such materials and suggested future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mukherjee
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), Shivanapura, Dasanapura Hobli, Bengaluru, 562162, India.
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3
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Dong X, Wang Z, Zhang P, Liu Y, Ji L, Wang Y, Zhou X, Ma K, Yu H. Substituent alkyl-chain-dependent supramolecular chirality, tunable chiroptical property, and dye adsorption in azobenzene-glutamide-amphiphile based hydrogel. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 302:123018. [PMID: 37392534 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the supramolecular chirality of a self-assembly system by molecular structure design and external stimuli in aqueous solution is significant but challenging. Here, we design and synthesize several glutamide-azobenzene-based amphiphiles with different length alkyl chains. The amphiphiles can form self-assemblies in aqueous solution and show CD signals. As the number of the alkyl chain of amphiphiles increases, the CD signals of the assemblies can be enhanced. However, the long alkyl chains conversely restrict the isomerization of the azobenzene and the corresponding chiroptical property. Moreover, the alkyl length can determine the nanostructure of the assemblies and exert critical influence on the dye adsorption efficiency. This work exhibits some insights into the tunable chiroptical property of the self-assembly by delicate molecular design and external stimuli, and emphasizes the molecular structure can determine the corresponding application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Nanocomposite Sensing Materials, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050024, China
| | - Zhixia Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050024, China
| | - Penghui Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050024, China
| | - Yiran Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050024, China
| | - Lukang Ji
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050024, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Institute of Physical Chemistry, Lingnan Normal University, Development Centre for New Materials Engineering & Technology in Universities of Guangdong Zhanjiang 524048, PR China
| | - Kai Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Nanocomposite Sensing Materials, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China.
| | - Haitao Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050024, China.
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4
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Rai R, Khazeber R, Sureshan KM. Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal Topochemical Synthesis of a Collagen-inspired Covalent Helical Polymer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202315742. [PMID: 37861464 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
There is much demand for crystalline covalent helical polymers. Inspired by the helical structure of collagen, we synthesized a covalent helical polymer wherein the repeating dipeptide Gly-Pro units are connected by triazole linkages. We synthesized an azide and alkyne-modified dipeptide monomer made up of the repeating amino acid sequence of collagen. In its crystals, the monomer molecules aligned in head-to-tail fashion with proximally placed azide and alkyne forming supramolecular helices. At 60 °C, the monomer underwent single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) topochemical azide-alkyne cycloaddition polymerization, yielding a covalent helical polymer as confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) analysis. Compared to the monomer crystals, the polymer single-crystals were very strong and showed three-fold increase in Young's modulus, which is higher than collagen, many synthetic polymers and other materials. The crystals of this covalent helical polymer could bear loads as high as 1.5 million times of their own weight without deformation. These crystals could also withstand high compression force and did not disintegrate even at an applied force of 98 kN. Such light-weight strong materials are in demand for various technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Rai
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Ravichandran Khazeber
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Kana M Sureshan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
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5
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Saito T, Kajitani T, Yagai S. Amplification of Molecular Asymmetry during the Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Foldable Azobenzene Dyads into Nanotoroids and Nanotubes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:443-454. [PMID: 36574732 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The amplification of molecular asymmetry through self-assembly is a phenomenon that not only comprehends the origin of homochirality in nature but also produces chiroptically active functional materials from molecules with minimal enantiomeric purity. Understanding how molecular asymmetry can be transferred and amplified into higher-order structures in a hierarchical self-assembly system is important but still unexplored. Herein, we present an intriguing example of the amplification of molecular asymmetry in hierarchically self-assembled nanotubes that feature discrete and isolatable toroidal intermediates. The hierarchical self-assembly is initiated via asymmetric intramolecular folding of scissor-shaped azobenzene dyads furnished with chiral side chains. When scalemic mixtures of the enantiomers are dissolved in a non-polar solvent and cooled to 20 °C, single-handed nanotoroids are formed, as confirmed using atomic force microscopy and circular dichroism analyses. A strong majority-rules effect at the nanotoroid level is observed and can be explained by a low mismatch penalty and a high helix-reversal penalty. The single-handed nanotoroids stack upon cooling to 0 °C to exclusively afford their respective single-handed nanotubes. Thus, the same degree of amplification of molecular asymmetry is realized at the nanotube level. The internal packing efficiency of molecules within nanotubes prepared from the pure enantiomers or their scalemic mixtures is likely different, as suggested by the absence of higher-order structure (supercoil) formation in the latter. X-ray diffraction analysis of the anisotropically oriented nanotube films revealed looser molecular packing within the scalemic nanotubes, which clearly reflects the lower enantiomeric purity of their internal chiral side chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuho Saito
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Kajitani
- Open Facility development office, Open Facility Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.,Institute for Advanced Academic Research (IAAR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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6
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Li MC, Sato M, Chen FC, Chuang WT, Hirai T, Takahara A, Ho RM. Circular Polarization Luminescence of Groove Anchor Driving Optically Active Poly(methyl methacrylate) Stereocomplexes. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:1306-1311. [DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chia Li
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, China
| | - Masanao Sato
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Fa-Chung Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, China
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan, China
| | - Tomoyasu Hirai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka, 535-8585, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahara
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Rong-Ming Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, China
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7
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Kang SG, Kim KY, Cho Y, Jeong DY, Lee JH, Nishimura T, Lee SS, Kwak SK, You Y, Jung JH. Circularly Polarized Luminescence Active Supramolecular Nanotubes Based on Pt
II
Complexes That Undergo Dynamic Morphological Transformation and Helicity Inversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207310. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seok Gyu Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institution of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University (GNU) Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Ka Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institution of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University (GNU) Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Yumi Cho
- Department of Energy Enginerring School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yeun Jeong
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Ha Lee
- Chemical Engineering Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan
| | - Tomoki Nishimura
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Faculty of Textile Science and Technology Shinshu University Nagano 386-8567 Japan
| | - Shim Sung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institution of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University (GNU) Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Kwak
- Department of Energy Enginerring School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmin You
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hwa Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institution of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University (GNU) Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
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8
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Single-crystal-to-single-crystal translation of a helical supramolecular polymer to a helical covalent polymer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2205320119. [PMID: 35858342 PMCID: PMC9303982 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205320119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymers possessing helical conformation in the solid state are in high demand. We report a helical peptide-polymer via the topochemical ene-azide cycloaddition (TEAC) polymerization. The molecules of the designed Gly-Phe-based dipeptide, decorated with ene and azide, assemble in its crystals as β-sheets and as supramolecular helices in two mutually perpendicular directions. While the NH…O H-bonding facilitates β-sheet-like stacking along one direction, weak CH…N H-bonding between the azide-nitrogen and vinylic-hydrogen of molecules belonging to the adjacent stacks arranges them in a head-to-tail manner as supramolecular helices. In the crystal lattice, the azide and alkene of adjacent molecules in the supramolecular helix are suitably preorganized for their TEAC reaction. The dipeptide underwent regio- and stereospecific polymerization upon mild heating in a single-crystal-to-single-crystal fashion, yielding a triazoline-linked helical covalent polymer that could be characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Upon heating, the triazoline-linked polymer undergoes denitrogenation to aziridine-linked polymer, as evidenced by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and solid-state NMR analyses.
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9
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Takahashi S, Yagai S. Harmonizing Topological Features of Self-Assembled Fibers by Rosette-Mediated Random Supramolecular Copolymerization and Self-Sorting of Monomers by Photo-Cross-Linking. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13374-13383. [PMID: 35833747 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Random copolymerization is an effective approach to synthesize the desired polymers by harmonizing distinct properties of different monomers. For supramolecular polymers in which monomer binding is inherently dynamic, it is difficult to achieve random copolymerization of monomers with distinct molecular structures and properties due to an enthalpic advantage upon self-recognition (self-sorting). Herein, we demonstrate an example of thermodynamically controlled random supramolecular copolymerization of two monomers functionalized with barbituric acid via the formation of six-membered hydrogen-bonded rosette intermediates to exhibit structural harmonization of the two main-chain motifs, i.e., intrinsically curved and linear motifs. One monomer based on naphthalene chromophore exclusively forms toroidal fibers, whereas another one bearing additional photoreactive diacetylene moiety affords linearly elongated fibers. Supramolecular copolymerization of the two monomers is achieved by cooling hot monomer mixtures in a nonpolar solvent, which results in the formation of thermodynamically stable spirally folded yet elongated fibers. Atomic force microscopic observations and theoretical simulations of the experimental data obtained by absorption spectroscopy reveal the homopolymerization of the diacetylene-functionalized monomer in the high-temperature region, followed by the incorporation of the naphthalene monomer in the medium-temperature region to form supramolecular copolymers with random monomer sequence. Finally, we demonstrate that the random copolymerization process can be switched to a narcissistically self-sorting one by deactivating monomer exchange through the photo-cross-linking of the diacetylene-functionalized monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Takahashi
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research (IAAR), Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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10
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Kang SG, Kim KY, Cho Y, Jeong DY, Lee JH, Nishimura T, Lee SS, Kwak SK, You Y, Jung JH. Circularly Polarized Luminescence Active Supramolecular Nanotubes Based on Pt(II) Complexes that Undergo Dynamic Morphological Transformation and Helicity Inversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seok Gyu Kang
- Gyeongsang National University Department of Chemistry KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Ka Young Kim
- Gyeongsang National University Department of Chemistry KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Yumi Cho
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Department of Energy Enginerring KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Dong Yeun Jeong
- Ewha Womans University Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Ji Ha Lee
- Hiroshima University: Hiroshima Daigaku Chemical Engineering Program KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Tomoki Nishimura
- Shinshu Daigaku Department of Chemistry and Materials KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Shim Sung Lee
- Gyeongsang National University Department of Chemistry KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Sang Kyu Kwak
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Department of Energy Enginerring KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Youngmin You
- Ewha Womans University Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Jong Hwa Jung
- Gyeongsang National University Department of Chemistry Gyeongsang National University 501 jinjudaero 52828 Jinju KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
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11
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Suda N, Arima H, Saito T, Aizawa T, Yagai S. Fluorescent Nanofibers Self-Assembled from a Diphenylanthracene Scissor-Shaped Dyad. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Suda
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hironari Arima
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takuho Saito
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takumi Aizawa
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research (IAAR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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12
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Suda N, Saito T, Arima H, Yagai S. Photo-modulation of supramolecular polymorphism in the self-assembly of a scissor-shaped azobenzene dyad into nanotoroids and fibers. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3249-3255. [PMID: 35414866 PMCID: PMC8926283 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00690a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the research field of supramolecularly engineered dye aggregates have enabled the design of simple one-dimensional stacks such as fibers and of closed structures such as nanotoroids (nanorings). More complex and advanced supramolecular systems could potentially be designed using a molecule that is able to provide either of these distinct nanostructures under different conditions. In this study, we introduced bulky but strongly aggregating cholesterol units to a scissor-shaped azobenzene dyad framework, which affords either nanotoroids, nanotubes, or 1D fibers, depending on the substituents. This new dyad with two trans-azobenzene arms shows supramolecular polymorphism in its temperature-controlled self-assembly, leading to not only oligomeric nanotoroids as kinetic products, but also to one-dimensional fibers as thermodynamic products. This supramolecular polymorphism can also be achieved via photo-triggered self-assembly, i.e., irradiation of a monomeric solution of the dyad with two cis-azobenzene arms using strong visible light leads to the preferential formation of nanotoroids, whereas irradiation with weak visible light leads to the predominant formation of 1D fibers. This is the first example of a successful light-induced modulation of supramolecular polymorphism to produce distinctly nanostructured aggregates under isothermal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Suda
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Takuho Saito
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Hironari Arima
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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13
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Xu L, Zhang M, Zhu X, Xue C, Wang HX, Liu M. Solvent-Modulated Chiral Self-Assembly: Selective Formation of Helical Nanotubes, Nanotwists, and Energy Transfer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:1765-1773. [PMID: 34965725 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As the medium for self-assembly processes, solvents strongly influence the supramolecular assemblies via specific solute-solvent interactions, which may result in effective modulation of properties, self-assembled nanostructures, and functions through varying the solvent. Here, two kinds of pyridine-cyanostilbene functionalized chiral amphiphiles (l/d-PyPhG and l-PyG) were designed, and their self-assembly behaviors in different solvents were investigated. It was found that both amphiphiles formed gels in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and self-assembled into right-handed nanotwists, while they formed suspensions in ethanol consisting of left-handed nanotubes. Although the molecular chirality in the compounds remained unchanged in the two solvents, the nanoassemblies showed opposite handedness at the nanoscale together with opposite circular dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signals. Furthermore, when the amphiphiles were co-assembled with an achiral dye, it was found that efficient energy transfer took place in the systems composed of nanotubes rather than those composed of nanotwists. Therefore, by assembling molecules with the same molecular chirality in different solvents, a selective formation of helical nanotubes or nanotwists and the regulation of handedness as well as energy transfer efficiency were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Chenlu Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Han-Xiao Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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14
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Li H, Chen L. Three-level hierarchical self-assembly of azobenzene conjugated phenylalanines into superhelical nanostructures with light-switchable helicity. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01443b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photosensitive azobenzene conjugated phenylalanines can self-assemble into a series of hierarchical superhelices, which can reversibly transform into achiral nanorods via light stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiya Li
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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15
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Li C, Ok M, Choi H, Jung JH. Metallosupramolecular polymers formed with silver(i) ions in aqueous solution. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05146f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular polymers of a terpyridine-based ligand (L) at three different concentrations of AgNO3 (0, 0.5, and 1.0 equiv.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxing Li
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Mirae Ok
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Heekyoung Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hwa Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
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16
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Photodimerization-induced transition of helixes to vesicles based on coumarin-12-crown-4. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Tashiro K, Saito T, Arima H, Suda N, Vedhanarayanan B, Yagai S. Scissor-Shaped Photochromic Dyads: Hierarchical Self-Assembly and Photoresponsive Property. CHEM REC 2021; 22:e202100252. [PMID: 34669237 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Unique relationships between hierarchically organized biological nanostructures and functions have motivated chemists to construct sophisticated artificial nanostructured systems from small and simple synthetic molecules through self-assembly. As one of such sophisticated systems, we have investigated scissor-shaped photochromic dyads that can hierarchically self-assemble into discrete nanostructures showing photoresponsive properties. We synthesized various azobenzene dyads and found that these dyads adopt intramolecularly folded conformation like a closed scissor, and then self-assemble into toroidal nanostructures by generating curvature. The toroids further organize into nanotubes and further into helical supramolecular fibers depending on the nature of alkyl substituents. All of these nanostructures can be dissociated and reorganized through the photoisomerization of azobenzene units. On the other hand, the introduction of stilbene chromophores instead of azobenzenes leads to one-dimensional supramolecular polymerization, which upon the intramolecular photocyclization of stilbene chromophores shifts to curved self-assembly leading to helicoidal fibers with distinct supramolecular chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Tashiro
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takuho Saito
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hironari Arima
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Natsuki Suda
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Balaraman Vedhanarayanan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
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18
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Ayzac V, Dirany M, Raynal M, Isare B, Bouteiller L. Energetics of Competing Chiral Supramolecular Polymers. Chemistry 2021; 27:9627-9633. [PMID: 33871118 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Chirality can have unexpected consequences including on properties other than spectroscopic. We show herein that a racemic mixture of bis-urea stereoisomers forms thermodynamically stable supramolecular polymers that result in a more viscous solution than for the pure stereoisomer. The origin of this macroscopic property was probed by characterizing the structure and stability of the assemblies. Both racemic and non-racemic bis-urea stereoisomers form two competing helical supramolecular polymers in solution: a double and a single helical structure at low and high temperature, respectively. The transition temperature between these assemblies, as probed by spectroscopic and calorimetric analyses, is strongly influenced by the composition (by up to 70 °C). A simple model that accounts for the thermodynamics of this system, indicates that the stereochemical defects (chiral mismatches and helix reversals) affect much more the stability of single helices. Therefore, the heterochiral double helical structure predominates over the single helical structure (whilst the opposite holds for the homochiral structures), which explains the aforementioned higher viscosity of the racemic bis-urea solution. This rationale constitutes a new basis to tune the macroscopic properties of the increasing number of supramolecular polymers reported to exhibit competing chiral nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgile Ayzac
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Mohammed Dirany
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Raynal
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Isare
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Bouteiller
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
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19
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Chen L, Li X, Yan Q. Light-Click In Situ Self-Assembly of Superhelical Nanofibers and Their Helicity Hierarchy Control. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qiang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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20
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Handedness-inverted polymorphic helical assembly and circularly polarized luminescence of chiral platinum complexes. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9911-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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21
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Chandrasekharan SV, Krishnan N, Atchimnaidu S, Raj G, P. K. AK, Sagar S, Das S, Varghese R. Blue-emissive two-component supergelator with aggregation-induced enhanced emission. RSC Adv 2021; 11:19856-19863. [PMID: 35479242 PMCID: PMC9033671 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03751j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-component organogels offer several advantages over one-component gels, but their design is highly challenging. Hence, it is extremely important to design new approaches for the crafting of two-component organogels with interesting optical and mechanical properties. Herein, we report the design of a new class of two-component supergelators obtained from the assembly between acid functionalized tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-based dendrons and alkylated melamine. No gelation behaviour is observed for the individual components, but interestingly, remarkable gelation behaviour is observed for their hydrogen-bonded complex. The primary driving force responsible for the gelation is the strong π–π stacking interaction of TPE units. Because of the strong π-stacking of TPEs in the gel state, the C(sp2)–C(sp2) bond rotation of the TPE segment is completely arrested in the gel state, which results in intense fluorescence emission of the gels. Furthermore, excellent elastic response is observed for the gels as evident from their high storage modulus compared to loss modulus values. Our results clearly demonstrate that by the appropriate selection of the molecular components, this approach can be applied for the creation of functional nanomaterials with emergent properties absent in the individual blocks. Design of a novel class of two-component, highly emissive, low molecular weight supergelator is reported.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nithiyanandan Krishnan
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
| | - Siriki Atchimnaidu
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
| | - Gowtham Raj
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
| | - Anusree Krishna P. K.
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
| | - Soumya Sagar
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
| | - Suresh Das
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
| | - Reji Varghese
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
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22
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Tamaki K, Datta S, Tashiro K, Isobe A, Silly F, Yagai S. Effect of Azobenzene Regioisomerism on Intrinsically Curved Supramolecular Polymers. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Tamaki
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Sougata Datta
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Keigo Tashiro
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Atsushi Isobe
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Fabien Silly
- TITANS SPEC CEA CNRS Université Paris-Saclay CEA Saclay F-91191 Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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23
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Dünnebacke T, Kartha KK, Wiest JM, Albuquerque RQ, Fernández G. Solvent-controlled E/ Z isomerization vs. [2 + 2] photocycloaddition mediated by supramolecular polymerization. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10405-10413. [PMID: 34094301 PMCID: PMC8162386 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03442h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Control over the photochemical outcome of photochromic molecules in solution represents a major challenge, as photoexcitation often leads to multiple competing photochemical and/or supramolecular pathways resulting in complex product mixtures. Herein, we demonstrate precise and efficient control over the photochemical behaviour of cyanostilbenes in solution using a straightforward solvent-controlled approach based on supramolecular polymerization. To this end, we designed a π-extended cyanostilbene bolaamphiphile that exhibits tuneable solvent-dependent photochemical behaviour. Photoirradiation of the system in a monomeric state (in organic solvents) exclusively leads to a highly reversible and efficient E/Z photoisomerization, whereas a nearly quantitative [2 + 2] photocycloaddition into a single cyclobutane (anti head-to-tail) occurs in aqueous solutions. These results can be rationalized by a highly regular and preorganized antiparallel J-type arrangement of the cyanostilbene units that is driven by aqueous supramolecular polymerization. The presented concept demonstrates a novel approach towards solvent-selective and environmentally friendly photochemical transformations, which is expected to broaden the scope of supramolecular polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Dünnebacke
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische-Wilhelms Universität Münster Corrensstraße, 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Kalathil K Kartha
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische-Wilhelms Universität Münster Corrensstraße, 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Johannes M Wiest
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische-Wilhelms Universität Münster Corrensstraße, 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Rodrigo Q Albuquerque
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische-Wilhelms Universität Münster Corrensstraße, 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische-Wilhelms Universität Münster Corrensstraße, 40 48149 Münster Germany
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24
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Transient dormant monomer states for supramolecular polymers with low dispersity. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3967. [PMID: 32770122 PMCID: PMC7415150 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17799-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporally controlled cooperative and living supramolecular polymerization by the buffered release of monomers has been recently introduced as an important concept towards obtaining monodisperse and multicomponent self-assembled materials. In synthetic, dynamic supramolecular polymers, this requires efficient design strategies for the dormant, inactive states of the monomers to kinetically retard the otherwise spontaneous nucleation process. However, a generalized design principle for the dormant monomer states to expand the scope of precision supramolecular polymers has not been established yet, due to the enormous differences in the mechanism, energetic parameters of self-assembly and monomer exchange dynamics of the diverse class of supramolecular polymers. Here we report the concept of transient dormant states of monomers generated by redox reactions as a predictive general design to achieve monodisperse supramolecular polymers of electronically active, chromophoric or donor-acceptor, monomers. The concept has been demonstrated with charge-transfer supramolecular polymers with an alternating donor-acceptor sequence. Monodisperse and well-defined self-assembled materials can be obtained by fuel-driven temporally controlled supramolecular polymerization via the buffered release of monomers. Here the authors show that a redox-responsive transient dormant state of monomer generated by redox reaction can lead to supramolecular polymers with low dispersity.
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25
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Miyagishi HV, Masai H, Terao J. Suppression of Undesirable Isomerization and Intermolecular Reactions of Double Bonds by a Linked Rotaxane Structure. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1890-1895. [PMID: 32291947 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
For luminescent materials, the isomerization and intermolecular reactions of their double bonds are often undesirable because they cause a reduction in the luminescence properties of the π-system. Herein, we report a new methodology to simultaneously prevent isomerization and intermolecular reactions by utilizing the steric effect of a linked rotaxane structure. The ring units are covalently linked in order to prevent any undesired shuttling effect from occurring during isomerization. In addition, the insulated structure provides robust optical properties by prevention of intermolecular reactions. Bulky linked rotaxane structures on both sides of the N=N and C=C double bonds suppress E/Z isomerization; photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) measurements reveal that this results in suppression of PLQY reduction caused by isomerization. Moreover, an improvement in the stability under light irradiation and air atmosphere is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi V Miyagishi
- Department of Basic Science Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Masai
- Department of Basic Science Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Jun Terao
- Department of Basic Science Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
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26
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Wang H, Lee M. Switching between Stacked Toroids and Helical Supramolecular Polymers in Aqueous Nanotubules. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000138. [PMID: 32307804 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although significant advances have been made in supramolecular tubules, reversible polymerization in the tubular walls while maintaining their intact structure remains a great challenge. Here, reversible helical supramolecular polymerization of stacked toroids is reported, while maintaining tubular structures in aqueous solution. At room temperature, the tubules consist of discrete toroid stackings with hydrophobic interior. Upon heating, the tubules based on toroid stackings undergo a reversible helical supramolecular polymerization to transform into helical tubules by interconnecting between spirally open toroids. The helical polymerization arises from a tilting transition of the closed toroids that transform into spirally open toroids driven by the thermal dehydration of a hydrophilic oligoether dendron surrounding the toroid frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxin Wang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Myongsoo Lee
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
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27
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Liang J, Guo P, Qin X, Gao X, Ma K, Zhu X, Jin X, Xu W, Jiang L, Duan P. Hierarchically Chiral Lattice Self-Assembly Induced Circularly Polarized Luminescence. ACS NANO 2020; 14:3190-3198. [PMID: 32129981 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b08408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials in nature often exhibit hierarchical chiral structures with an intriguing mechanism involving hierarchical chirality transfer from molecular to supramolecular and the nano- or microscale level. To mimic the cross-level chirality transfer, we present here one kind of host-guest complex system built of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and fluorescent dyes, which show multilevel chirality, including molecular chirality of β-CD, induced supramolecular chirality of β-CD/SDS host-guest complexes, a chiral lattice self-assembled nanosheet, mesoscopic chirality of an assembled helical tube, induced chirality of a dye-doped chiral tube. The hierarchical chirality involved a chiral lattice self-assembly process, which can be identified by small-angle X-ray scattering, optical studies, circular dichroism, and circularly polarized luminescence spectral measurements. Benefiting from the chiral lattice self-assembly, intense circularly polarized luminescence was observed from the achiral dye-doped complexes with a large dissymmetry factor up to +0.1. This work thus provides a feasible insight for developing hierarchical chiroptical materials based on the lattice self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xujin Qin
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Gao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Ma
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Jin
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingxiang Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Duan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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28
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Saito T, Yagai S. Effect of Oligoethylene Chains on the Formation of Photoresponsive Nanotubes by Azobenzene Dyad. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuho Saito
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering; Graduate school of Science and Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku 263-8522 Chiba Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering; Graduate school of Science and Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku 263-8522 Chiba Japan
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR); Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku 263-8522 Chiba Japan
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29
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Arima H, Saito T, Kajitani T, Yagai S. Self-assembly of alkylated and perfluoroalkylated scissor-shaped azobenzene dyads into distinct structures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:15619-15622. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06907h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two scissor-shaped azobenzene dyads bearing either linear alkyl or perfluoroalkyl side chains undergo distinct assembly pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironari Arima
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Chiba University
- Inage-ku
- Japan
| | - Takuho Saito
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Chiba University
- Inage-ku
- Japan
| | - Takashi Kajitani
- Materials Analysis Division
- Open Facility Center
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Midori-ku
- Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Chiba University
- Inage-ku
- Japan
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30
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Saito T, Yagai S. Hierarchical self-assembly of an azobenzene dyad with inverted amide connection into toroidal and tubular nanostructures. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:3996-3999. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00833h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inversion of the amide connectivity of an azobenzene dyad, which self-assembles into chiral toroids and nanotubes, improves the thermal stability of the assemblies, however it negatively affects supramolecular chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuho Saito
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Chiba University
- Chiba 263-8522
- Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Chiba University
- Chiba 263-8522
- Japan
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31
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Li F, Li X, Wang Y, Zhang X. Trismaleimide Dendrimers: Helix‐to‐Superhelix Supramolecular Transition Accompanied by White‐Light Emission. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:17994-18002. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
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32
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Li F, Li X, Wang Y, Zhang X. Trismaleimide Dendrimers: Helix‐to‐Superhelix Supramolecular Transition Accompanied by White‐Light Emission. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
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33
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Bäumer N, Kartha KK, Allampally NK, Yagai S, Albuquerque RQ, Fernández G. Exploiting Coordination Isomerism for Controlled Self-Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15626-15630. [PMID: 31351026 PMCID: PMC6856968 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We exploited the inherent geometrical isomerism of a PtII complex as a new tool to control supramolecular assembly processes. UV irradiation and careful selection of solvent, temperature, and concentration leads to tunable coordination isomerism, which in turn allows fully reversible switching between two distinct aggregate species (1D fibers↔2D lamellae) with different photoresponsive behavior. Our findings not only broaden the scope of coordination isomerism, but also open up exciting possibilities for the development of novel stimuli-responsive nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bäumer
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Kalathil K. Kartha
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | | | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and BiotechnologyGraduate School of EngineeringChiba University1–33-Yayoi-choInage-KuChiba263-8522Japan
| | - Rodrigo Q. Albuquerque
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
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34
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Bäumer N, Kartha KK, Allampally NK, Yagai S, Albuquerque RQ, Fernández G. Kontrolle über Selbstassemblierung durch Ausnutzung von Koordinationsisomerie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bäumer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Kalathil K. Kartha
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | | | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University 1–33-Yayoi-cho, Inage-Ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Rodrigo Q. Albuquerque
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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35
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Kim KY, Kim J, Moon CJ, Liu J, Lee SS, Choi MY, Feng C, Jung JH. Co‐Assembled Supramolecular Nanostructure of Platinum(II) Complex through Helical Ribbon to Helical Tubes with Helical Inversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11709-11714. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ka Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Joo Moon
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Jinying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Shim Sung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Myong Yong Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Chuanliang Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Jong Hwa Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
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36
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Kim KY, Kim J, Moon CJ, Liu J, Lee SS, Choi MY, Feng C, Jung JH. Co‐Assembled Supramolecular Nanostructure of Platinum(II) Complex through Helical Ribbon to Helical Tubes with Helical Inversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ka Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Joo Moon
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Jinying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Shim Sung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Myong Yong Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Chuanliang Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Jong Hwa Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
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37
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Yano K, Hanebuchi T, Zhang XJ, Itoh Y, Uchida Y, Sato T, Matsuura K, Kagawa F, Araoka F, Aida T. Supramolecular Polymerization in Liquid Crystalline Media: Toward Modular Synthesis of Multifunctional Core-Shell Columnar Liquid Crystals. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:10033-10038. [PMID: 31140278 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we discovered a modular synthetic approach for constructing core-shell columnar liquid crystals (LCs) by supramolecular polymerization in LC media. In the present work, we successfully confirmed that our modular synthetic approach has the potential to be widely extended to the development of multifunctional columnar LCs. Herein, we constructed the first core-shell columnar LC that was proved to be orientable by both electric and magnetic fields by the supramolecular polymerization of NODiskNH* in a nematic LC medium of 4-cyano-4'-pentyloxybiphenyl (5OCB). NODiskNH* is a chiral benzenetricarboxamide derivative bearing 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl termini, which is known to form a helical supramolecular polymer via a triple hydrogen-bonding array. NODiskNH* alone formed a hydrogen-bonded liquid phase without any long-range structural ordering. However, a nematic LC medium of 5OCB, when mixed with NODiskNH* at a molar ratio of 1:3, underwent a "structural order-increasing" mesophase transition, affording an optically active single LC phase with a hexagonally arranged core-shell columnar geometry in a temperature range from 113 to 51 °C. Unprecedentedly, this core-shell columnar LC can orient its columns both electrically and magnetically, resulting in unidirectional columnar ordering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Yano
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Takahiro Hanebuchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Xu-Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Itoh
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Uchida
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science , Osaka University , 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho , Toyonaka , Osaka 560-8531 , Japan
| | - Takuro Sato
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Keisuke Matsuura
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kagawa
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan.,Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Fumito Araoka
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Takuzo Aida
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan.,RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
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38
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Wang F, Ji W, Yang P, Feng CL. Inversion of Circularly Polarized Luminescence of Nanofibrous Hydrogels through Co-assembly with Achiral Coumarin Derivatives. ACS NANO 2019; 13:7281-7290. [PMID: 31150196 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Control over the handedness of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) in supramolecular gels is of special significance in biology and optoelectronics; however, it still remains a great challenge to precisely and efficiently regulate the chirality of CPL. Herein, a chiral phenylalanine-derived hydrogelator and achiral coumarin derivatives can co-assemble into nanofibrous hydrogels with controllable chirality, and the handedness of CPL of these hydrogels can be efficiently inverted by coumarin derivatives through noncovalent interactions, which can be further tuned at will by incorporating metal ions into the co-assembly. The hydrogen bonds, coordination interactions, and steric hindrance are proved to be the crucial factors for the CPL inversion. This study provides feasible strategies to efficiently regulate the handedness of CPL through co-assembly, and these CPL materials may have potential applications in the fields of photoelectric devices, smart chiroptical materials, and biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Wei Ji
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Peng Yang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Chuan-Liang Feng
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road , Shanghai 200240 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Function Materials & Application, Key Lab For Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education , Henan University , Kaifeng 475004 , China
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39
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Ma K, Chen W, Jiao T, Jin X, Sang Y, Yang D, Zhou J, Liu M, Duan P. Boosting the circularly polarized luminescence of small organic molecules via multi-dimensional morphology control. Chem Sci 2019; 10:6821-6827. [PMID: 31391904 PMCID: PMC6657416 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01577a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
By regulating the composition of solvents, the assembled nanostructures of chiral molecules transformed from 0D nanospheres to 3D nanoflakes, which showed significantly amplified circularly polarized luminescence.
Achieving a higher dissymmetry factor is a crucial issue in developing circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials. Here, by tailoring the solvent composition and the morphology of the same chiral emissive small molecules (R- or S-SPAn), circularly polarized emission with a boosted dissymmetry factor (two orders) was realized. It was found that by regulating the water fraction in the mixed THF/H2O, we were able to achieve kinetic control over association of chiral emissive R- or S-SPAn into various nanostructures with 0D nanospheres, 2D nanoflakes and 3D stacked nanoflakes. These nanostructures are all CPL active. Remarkably, the dissymmetry factors of the nanostructures were significantly enhanced compared to those of the molecules and further boosted in different morphologies, from ∼10–4 (0D nanospheres) to 10–3 (2D flake) to ∼10–2 (3D nanoflakes). The enlarged glum value could be assigned to a good packing induced strong luminescence of an excimer. This strategy provides an efficient way to fabricate higher dissymmetry factor CPL organic nanomaterials by only changing the supramolecular architectures while using the same chiral small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology , Yanshan University , Qinhuangdao 066004 , P. R. China . .,CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Wenjie Chen
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China . ; .,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science , CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 2 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiJie , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Tifeng Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology , Yanshan University , Qinhuangdao 066004 , P. R. China .
| | - Xue Jin
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Yutao Sang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China . ; .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Dong Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Jin Zhou
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Minghua Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China . ; .,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science , CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 2 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiJie , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Duan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China . ; .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
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40
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Sang Y, Yang D, Duan P, Liu M. Towards homochiral supramolecular entities from achiral molecules by vortex mixing-accompanied self-assembly. Chem Sci 2019; 10:2718-2724. [PMID: 30996989 PMCID: PMC6419933 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04687e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Achieving homochirality is challenging both at the molecular and the supramolecular levels. While the origin of molecular homochirality still remains mysterious, the fabrication of homochiral assemblies from achiral molecules has attracted considerable interest since it provides many clues to understand the origin of molecular chirality. Here, by using a vortex mixing-accompanied self-assembly strategy, we obtained near-unity homochiral entities with controlled handedness from supramolecular gels that consist of exclusively achiral molecules without any chiral additives. The common supramolecular gelation process via heating and cooling of the achiral molecules only resulted in racemic gels. However, if vortex mixing is applied during the self-assembly, near-unity homochiral assemblies with uncontrolled handedness were obtained. Vortex mixing during the nucleation stage was found to be crucial in this case. On the other hand, if a small amount of the above vortex mixing produced assemblies was added as chiral seeds into the racemic gels, the racemic gels turned into near-unity homochiral suspensions with controlled handedness via a ripening process. Our studies provide an intriguing approach for achieving homochiral supramolecular assemblies from achiral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Sang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science , CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China .
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Dong Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science , CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China .
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Pengfei Duan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , Division of Nanophotonic , CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , Beijing 100190 , China .
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science , CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China .
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , Division of Nanophotonic , CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , Beijing 100190 , China .
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China
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41
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Li M, Chen LJ, Cai Y, Luo Q, Li W, Yang HB, Tian H, Zhu WH. Light-Driven Chiral Switching of Supramolecular Metallacycles with Photoreversibility. Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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42
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Adhikari B, Aratsu K, Davis J, Yagai S. Photoresponsive Circular Supramolecular Polymers: A Topological Trap and Photoinduced Ring‐Opening Elongation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bimalendu Adhikari
- Graduate School of EngineeringChiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar Manauli PO Punjab 140306 India
| | - Keisuke Aratsu
- Graduate School of EngineeringChiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Joyal Davis
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar Manauli PO Punjab 140306 India
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Graduate School of EngineeringChiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR)Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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43
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Adhikari B, Aratsu K, Davis J, Yagai S. Photoresponsive Circular Supramolecular Polymers: A Topological Trap and Photoinduced Ring-Opening Elongation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3764-3768. [PMID: 30632667 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Topological features of one-dimensional macromolecular chains govern the properties and functionality of natural and synthetic polymers. To address this issue in supramolecular polymers, we synthesized two topologically distinct supramolecular polymers with intrinsic curvature, circular and helically folded nanofibers, from azobenzene-functionalized supramolecular rosettes. When a mixture of circular and helically folded nanofibers was exposed to UV light, selective unfolding of the latter open-ended supramolecular polymers was observed as a result of the curvature-impairing internal force produced by the trans-to-cis photoisomerization of the azobenzene. This distinct sensitivity suggests that the topological features of supramolecular polymers define their mechanical stability. Furthermore, the exposure of circular supramolecular polymers in more polar media to UV irradiation resulted in ring opening followed by chain elongation, thus demonstrating that the circular supramolecular polymer can function as a topological kinetic trap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimalendu Adhikari
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Keisuke Aratsu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Joyal Davis
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
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44
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Kartha KK, Allampally NK, Politi AT, Prabhu DD, Ouchi H, Albuquerque RQ, Yagai S, Fernández G. Influence of metal coordination and light irradiation on hierarchical self-assembly processes. Chem Sci 2019; 10:752-760. [PMID: 30746108 PMCID: PMC6340407 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03875a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Smart light-responsive supramolecular materials have been extensively investigated in the past decade, but so far the impact of metal coordination on hierarchical supramolecular structures of light-responsive building blocks has remained nearly unexplored. Herein, we unravel the hierarchical self-assembly of a small π-conjugated azo-containing pyridyl ligand that is able to respond to UV-light and metal complexation. The ligand self-assembles in an antiparallel fashion into long twisted fibers, which are then disassembled upon photoisomerization of the azobenzene groups, resulting in shorter rigid rods with a different packing motif. Complexation of Pd(ii) ions enhances the cooperativity of the aggregation and induces a molecular rearrangement into slipped stacks with subsequent formation of long thin fibers. These are then transformed into thinner, shorter rods upon light irradiation. The observed different light-responsiveness, besides clearing up the influence of metal coordination and light irradiation in self-assembly processes, paves the way towards the design of novel supramolecular photochromic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalathil K Kartha
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48151 Münster , Germany .
| | | | - Antiope T Politi
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences , Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool L3 3AF , UK .
| | - Deepak D Prabhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology , Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33-Yayoi-cho , Inage-Ku , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan .
| | - Hayato Ouchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology , Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33-Yayoi-cho , Inage-Ku , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan .
| | - Rodrigo Q Albuquerque
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences , Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool L3 3AF , UK .
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology , Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33-Yayoi-cho , Inage-Ku , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan .
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48151 Münster , Germany .
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45
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Jiang H, Jiang Y, Han J, Zhang L, Liu M. Helical Nanostructures: Chirality Transfer and a Photodriven Transformation from Superhelix to Nanokebab. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:785-790. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hejin Jiang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS)CAS Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yuqian Jiang
- Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jianlei Han
- Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Li Zhang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS)CAS Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Minghua Liu
- National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS)CAS Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science, and Engineering Tianjin 300072 China
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46
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Sang Y, Yang D, Duan P, Liu M. The chiral amine triggered self-assembly of achiral emissive molecules into circularly polarized luminescent supramolecular assemblies. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11135-11138. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05109k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enantiomeric diaminocyclohexane was found to trigger the self-assembly of achiral monomers into chiral supramolecular assemblies with strong circularly polarized luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Sang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid
- Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Dong Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid
- Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Pengfei Duan
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology China
- P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
- P. R. China
| | - Minghua Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid
- Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
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47
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Yamauchi M, Miyamoto Y, Suzuki M, Yamada H, Masuo S. Photoconversion of 6,13-α-diketopentacene single crystals exhibiting light intensity-dependent morphological change. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:6348-6353. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06594b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photoconversion of diketopentacene single crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Yamauchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment
- Kwansei Gakuin University
- Sanda
- Japan
| | - Yuya Miyamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment
- Kwansei Gakuin University
- Sanda
- Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Suzuki
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology
- Ikoma 630-0192
- Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology
- Ikoma 630-0192
- Japan
| | - Sadahiro Masuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment
- Kwansei Gakuin University
- Sanda
- Japan
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48
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Zhang CC, Zhang YM, Zhang ZY, Wu X, Yu Q, Liu Y. Photoreaction-driven two-dimensional periodic polyrotaxane-type supramolecular nanoarchitecture. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8138-8141. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03705e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A stable 2D supramolecular assembly was constructed with photoreaction-driven transformation from polypseudorotaxane to polyrotaxane, which could capture C60 in water and present excellent DNA cleavage ability and photodynamic therapy effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Cai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Ying-Ming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Qilin Yu
- Department of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
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49
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Abstract
Reversible helical polymerization of toroids with rapid response to heating–cooling cycles and helicity control in the presence of a chiral regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Myongsoo Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
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50
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Jiang H, Jiang Y, Han J, Zhang L, Liu M. Helical Nanostructures: Chirality Transfer and a Photodriven Transformation from Superhelix to Nanokebab. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hejin Jiang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS)CAS Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yuqian Jiang
- Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jianlei Han
- Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Li Zhang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS)CAS Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Minghua Liu
- National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS)CAS Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science, and Engineering Tianjin 300072 China
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