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Bhusal A, Bhandari S, Seth T, Sah RP. Homozygous Lepore Syndrome: A case report. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 80:104168. [PMID: 36045803 PMCID: PMC9422200 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lepore Hemoglobin is a structurally abnormal type of haemoglobin consisting of an abnormal globin chain which is a hybrid or fused globin chain comprising an N-terminal amino acid sequence of a delta chain and the C-terminal amino acid sequence of a beta chain. The synthesis of these hybrid chains is substantially less than that of the β-chains, resulting in an overall reduction in the non-α globin chains and patients present with a clinical picture of haemolytic anemia. But Hb Lepore can be differentiated from β-Thalassemia by the presence of a distinct Hb Lepore band on cellulose acetate electrophoresis or quantification in High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Presumptive diagnosis can be made in lab by a multi-faceted approach consisting of a series of blood count/red cell indices, Hb electrophoresis and haemoglobin analysis by HPLC. Quantitative analysis for any Hb variant disorder is made by HPLC better than Hb Electrophoresis, the same was done in our case report.
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Nieto JM, González FA, Alonso JM, Golvano E, Guerrero L, Albarrán B, Villegas A, Martínez RB, Ropero P. Hb Palencia: a novel δβδ-type two-way fusion variant with β-globin-like expression levels. J Clin Pathol 2018; 72:46-51. [PMID: 30315135 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2018-205282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Fusion proteins of unequal recombination events at the β-globin locus have pathological effect. The haemoglobin (Hb) variants of type Lepore are fusion proteins characterised by β-like globin chains with a δ-globin (HBD) N-terminus and a β-globin (HBB) C-terminus, whereas reciprocal products of underlying crossover events hold a HBB N-terminus and HBD C-terminus instead. Finally, Hb Parchman contains a β-like globin chain with a central HBB fragment and HBD-derived N-termini and C-termini, whereas reciprocal hybrid proteins are as yet unknown. METHODS The propositus was an 80-year-old Caucasian man, whose HbA1c quantification by HPLC (Variant II turbo) for exclusion of type-2 diabetes revealed an abnormal peak. Haemoglobins were analysed by ion-exchange HPLC (Variant II) and capillary electrophoresis (Sebia Capillarys Flex) and DNA by automatic Sanger sequencing of δ-globin and β-globin genes. RESULTS Sequencing showed an HBB-HBD-HBB hybrid gene, with HBD-derived central codons 9-31, and HBB-derived UTRs and complementary coding regions. The corresponding new hybrid haemoglobin (Hb Palencia) is represented at ≈40%, similar to HbA. CONCLUSION Hb Palencia contains the first globin variant with internal HBD sequences and HBB-derived N-terminal and C-terminal and regulatory sequences. Relative quantity of the new βδβ-type variant suggests transcriptional control by HBB elements and a half-life similar to normal HBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge M Nieto
- Hematology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Eva Golvano
- Hematology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario, Palencia, Spain
| | - Lucia Guerrero
- Hematology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario, Palencia, Spain
| | | | - Ana Villegas
- Hematology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Paloma Ropero
- Hematology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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Hegg EL, Deal KA, Kiessling LL, Burstyn JN. Hydrolysis of Double-Stranded and Single-Stranded RNA in Hairpin Structures by the Copper(II) Macrocycle Cu([9]aneN(3))Cl(2). Inorg Chem 1997; 36:1715-1718. [PMID: 11669765 DOI: 10.1021/ic960955b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric L. Hegg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
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Seward DP, Ware RE, Kinney TR. Hemoglobin sickle-Lepore: report of two siblings and review of the literature. Am J Hematol 1993; 44:192-5. [PMID: 8213769 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.2830440310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Hemoglobin Lepore is composed of two normal alpha-globin chains and two delta-beta fusion globin chains that result from nonhomologous crossing over of genetic material during meiosis. The doubly heterozygous condition of sickle hemoglobin with Lepore hemoglobin (Hb S-Lepore) is rare, having been described previously in only nine patients. We report two siblings with Hb S-Lepore who have similar hematologic characteristics but a marked difference in clinical severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Seward
- Medicine-Pediatrics Residency Program, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
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5
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Chebloune Y, Poncet D, Verdier G. S1-nuclease mapping of the genomic Lepore-Boston DNA demonstrates that the entire large intervening sequence of the fusion gene is of beta-type. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1984; 120:116-23. [PMID: 6324788 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(84)91421-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Several reports have suggested but not proven that the large intervening sequence of Lepore delta-beta fusion gene was of beta-type (3-5). A method able to detect rearrangements as small as 4 nucleotide pairs directly into genomic DNA (6) has been applied to the total DNA of a heterozygous Lepore-Boston patient in order to identify accurately the origin of the large intervening sequence of the delta-beta fusion-gene. Hybrid duplexes were formed between genomic Lepore DNA and single-stranded DNA used as probes, then submitted to S1-nuclease treatment. Our data demonstrate that the entire large intervening sequence of the Lepore fusion gene is of beta-type. Moreover, no large modification was detected in any delta- and beta parts of the delta-beta fusion gene.
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6
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Adams JG, Morrison WT, Steinberg MH. Hemoglobin Parchman: double crossover within a single human gene. Science 1982; 218:291-3. [PMID: 7123235 DOI: 10.1126/science.7123235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Structural analysis of a new variant hemoglobin revealed tryptic peptides with the amino acid composition of normal delta-globin, except for two internal peptides, which had the compositions of normal beta-globin. The most likely explanation for these findings is that a double, nonhomologous crossover between the delta-and beta-globin genes had occurred.
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7
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Huisman TH, Reese AL, Webber B, Okonjo K, Altay C, Felice AE. In vitro synthesis of hemoglobin and hemoglobin chains in the BFUe-derived colonies form person with alpha- or beta-thalassemia. Am J Hematol 1981; 10:227-37. [PMID: 6166190 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.2830100302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of alpha and non-alpha chains of human hemoglobin (Hb) was studied in reticulocytes and in BFUe-derived cell colonies from patients with alpha chain or beta chain deficiencies. The subjects included normal adults (alpha alpha/alpha alpha) with or without a beta chain variant (Hb S, Hb Leslie) or an alpha chain variant (Hb G-Georgia); alpha-thalassemia-2 heterozygotes (alpha 0 alpha/alpha alpha) with an alpha chain variant (G-Georgia or G-Philadelphia); an alpha-thalassemia-1 heterozygote (alpha 0 alpha 0/alpha alpha); alpha-thalassemia-2 homozygotes (alpha 0 alpha 0/alpha 0 alpha) with a beta chain variant (Hb S), an alpha chain variant (G-Philadelphia), a Hb S homozygosity with Hb G-Philadelphia, or a Hb G-Philadelphia homozygosity; and three black beta +-thalassemia homozygotes. Data from reticulocyte in vitro synthesis analysis showed the expected deficiencies. However, similar analyses of the Hb synthesized in cell colonies (even from the black beta-thalassemia homozygotes) gave (nearly) balanced sigma alpha/sigma non-alpha ratios. It is speculated that this balanced synthesis is due to a most effective proteolysis in the immature erythroblast which rapidly removes free alpha or beta chains. The levels of Hb F and Hb A2 were considerably increased in these proerythroblasts; a two- to threefold increase in the synthesis of Hb A2 was observed over that seen in the reticulocytes.
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8
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Schiliro G, Musumeci S, Pizzarelli G, Fischer A, Romero MA, Russo G. Haemoglobin Lepore Boston-Washington in Sicily: clinical, haematological, and biosynthetic studies. J Med Genet 1980; 17:179-82. [PMID: 7401128 PMCID: PMC1048542 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.17.3.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In the south-east of Sicily 23 children from 14 unrelated families have been diagnosed as suffering from haemoglobin Lepore. Such a high incidence shows that Sicily is an important focus of haemoglobin Lepore. The results of haematological and biosynthetic studies in 18 carriers of Hb Lepore and in five double heterozygotes for Hb Lepore and beta-thalassaemia are presented. In the carriers the haematological and biosynthetic data are compared with carriers of beta-thalassaemia, while the five double heterozygotes are compared with beta o- and beta +-thalassaemia major subjects. In the carriers of Hb Lepore no synthesis of delta beta-chains was observed in peripheral blood cells; in fact we found a peak in the bone marrow. Double heterozygotes with circulating nucleated red cells showed delta beta-chain synthesis in peripheral blood.
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Marinucci M, Mavilio F, Massa A, Gabbianelli M, Fontanarosa PP, Samoggia P, Tentori L. Haemoglobin Lepore trait: haematological and structural studies on the Italian population. Br J Haematol 1979; 42:557-65. [PMID: 476007 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1979.tb01168.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Haematological data on 59 heterozygotes for haemoglobin (Hb) Lepore and 10 double heterozygotes for Hb Lepore and beta thalassaemia from 36 Italian families are reported. The red cell indices are defined and compared with those of groups of non-thalassaemic and beta thalassaemic subjects of comparable number, age and sex distribution. The relative level of each haemoglobin fraction and the absolute production of single polypeptide chains are calculated in order to compare the expression of the non-alpha chain genes in Hb Lepore trait and beta thalassaemia. Structural studies demonstrate that the haemoglobin Lepore is of the Boston type (delta 87 beta 116) in all subjects, confirming that this type of fusion variant is probably the only one which occurs in Mediterranean populations. The distribution and incidence of the Lepore haemoglobinopathy are discussed.
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10
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Giglioni B, Comi P, Taramelli R, Pozzoli M, Zanollo A, Ottolenghi S, Gianni AM. beta-Like globin RNA sequences in hemoglobin Lepore disease. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1979; 95:527-31. [PMID: 446479 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1979.tb12993.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A Southern Italian patient homozygous for hemoglobin Lepore disease synthesizes approximately 3% Lepore delta beta-globin chains (relative to alpha chains) in the reticulocytes. Measurement of beta-like RNA sequences by hybridization to complementary DNA specific for beta-globin demonstrates a low level (1--2% relative to alpha sequences) of these sequences in cytoplasmic RNA from reticulocytes or spleen cells, suggesting that the Lepore gene is expressed into mRNA at a lower extent than normal alpha or beta genes; the comparison with the level of beta-like sequences found in nuclear RNA (6--8%) further supports this conclusion and indicates, in addition, that Lepore RNA might be degraded at a faster rate than normal. 2--3% beta-like sequences are found in nuclear RNA in three cases of homozygous beta0-thalassemia, setting the highest possible estimate for the delta-RNA level; this figure suggests that the 'delta-promoter'-dependent Lepore delta beta gene is somehow more actively expressed than the delta gene.
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11
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Marinucci M, Mavilio F, Gabbianelli M, Tentori L, Isacchi G, Ialongo PL, Papa G, Mandelli F. The synthesis of HB Lepore Boston in peripheral blood. Hemoglobin 1979; 3:309-26. [PMID: 500374 DOI: 10.3109/03630267908997537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Wood WG, Old JM, Roberts AV, Clegg JB, Weatherall DJ. Human globin gene expression: control of beta, delta and delta beta chain production. Cell 1978; 15:437-46. [PMID: 719749 DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Benz EJ, Forget BG, Hillman DG, Cohen-Solal M, Pritchard J, Cavallesco C, Prensky W, Housman D. Variability in the amount of beta-globin mRNA in beta0 thalassemia. Cell 1978; 14:299-312. [PMID: 667942 DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90116-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Globin mRNA isolated from a number of beta0 thalassemia patients of different ethnic origins was analyzed by RNA-cDNA hybridization and, in two cases, by fingerprint analysis of 125I-labeled mRNA. Quantitation of the relative amounts of alpha- and beta-mRNA by hybridization to purified alpha-and beta-cDNA revealed that in approximately half the cases, there was less than 1% as much beta-mRNA as alpha-mRNA. In the rest of the cases, low levels of beta-like mRNA were detected in amounts 4-12% as abundant as alpha-mRNA. There was variability in the yield of beta-like mRNA in patients of the same racial group, in the same patient at different times and in similarly affected siblings: beta-mRNA was virtually absent in some samples, whereas low but significant levels were found in other samples. In one patient, beta-like mRNA was not detected in peripheral blood RNA, but was present in the RNA of bone marrow cells. In one case, the thermal stability of the beta0 thalassemia mRNA-beta-cDNA hybrid was measured and found to be slightly lower than that of the authentic beta-mRNA-beta-cDNA hybrid. In none of the cases tested was there synthesis of beta-globin chains directed by beta0 thalassemia mRNA in a cell-free protein-synthesizing system, even when beta-like mRNA was detected in the sample by hybridization assays. mRNA from two patients was labeled in vitro with 125I, digested with T1 RNAase and fractionated in two dimensions. Analysis of the resulting fingerprints revealed the presence of prominent alpha chain-specific oligonucleotides without detectable beta chain-specific oligonucleotides, and thereby confirmed the results of hybridization assays showing absent or very low levels of beta-mRNA in the same RNA samples. Our results support the concept that beta0 thalassemia is heterogeneous in its molecular basis even within the same racial group: in some patients, it is associated with absent beta globin mRNA, whereas in other patients, it is associated with low but significant levels of nonfunctional beta or beta-like globin mRNA. The variable amounts of beta-like mRNA detected in different samples from the same patient, and in patients with the same genotype, indicate that as yet undefined factors can influence the yield of beta-like mRNA observed in beta0 thalassemia.
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14
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Casey R, Kynoch PA, Lang A, Lehmann H, Nozari G, Shinton NK. Double heterozygosity for two unstable haemoglobins: Hb Sydney (beta67[E11] Val leads to Ala) and Hb Coventry (beta141[H19] Leu deleted). Br J Haematol 1978; 38:195-209. [PMID: 638069 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1978.tb01036.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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15
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Forget BG, Cavallesco C, Benz EJ, McClure PD, Hillman DG, Krieger H, Clarke B, Housman D. Studies of globin chain synthesis and globin mRNA content in a patient homozygous for hemoglobin Lepore. Hemoglobin 1978; 2:117-28. [PMID: 640850 DOI: 10.3109/03630267809074779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Globin chain synthesis and globin mRNA content were studied in blood cells of a patient homozygous for Hb Lepore. Peripheral blood cells incubated with tritiated leucine synthesized approximately 1.5 to 3% as many Lepore globin chains as alpha chains. Globin mRNA in peripheral blood cell RNA was assayed by molecular hybridization assays using human alpha and beta cDNA, and the results indicated the presence of approximately 1% to 2% as much beta-like mRNA (presumably deltabeta Lepore mRNA) as alpha mRNA. The amount of Lepore deltabeta chain mRNA in peripheral blood cells is therefore proportional to the amount of Lepore globin chain synthesis in the same cells. An incidental observation was the finding that peripheral blood cell RNA of this patient, at a time when she was being heavily transfused, contained substantially higher levels of beta-like mRNA (relative to alpha mRNA) than in subsequent studies. Cell-free translation of this mRNA however revealed that it contained authentic beta chain mRNA which must have been derived in some way from the transfused blood cells.
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16
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Honig GR, Mason RG, Tremaine LM, Vida LN. Unbalanced globin chain synthesis by Hb Lincoln Park (anti-Lepore) reticulocytes. Am J Hematol 1978; 5:335-40. [PMID: 753103 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.2830050408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hemoglobin synthesis was studied in vitro in reticulocytes from a patient with the anti-Lepore variant Hb Lincoln Park. Incorporation of L-leucine-3H into the alpha and beta delta chains of Hb Lincoln Park was substantially less than the incorporation into the corresponding globin chains of Hb A, with the rate of synthesis of the beta delta chain being similar to that of the delta chain of Hb A2. Synthesis of the alpha and total non-alpha globin components was unbalanced, with a substantial excess of alpha chain synthesis. These findings help to explain the mild hemolytic disease present in individuals with this hemoglobin variant.
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17
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Nienhuis AW, Benz EJ. Regulation of hemoglobin synthesis during the development of the red cell. (Second of three parts). N Engl J Med 1977; 297:1371-81. [PMID: 337136 DOI: 10.1056/nejm197712222972504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Imamura T. [The molecular basis of the thalassemia syndromes (author's transl)]. JINRUI IDENGAKU ZASSHI. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 1977; 22:113-28. [PMID: 604562 DOI: 10.1007/bf01874278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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19
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Nigon V, Godet J. Genetic and morphogenetic factors in hemoglobin synthesis during higher vertebrate development: an approach to cell differentiation mechanisms. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 1976; 46:79-176. [PMID: 791882 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)60991-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Rieder RF, James GW. Imbalance in alpha and beta globin synthesis associated with a hemoglobinopathy. J Clin Invest 1974; 54:948-56. [PMID: 4430724 PMCID: PMC301635 DOI: 10.1172/jci107835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In contrast to findings in the thalasemia syndromes, studies of globin synthesis in subjects with structurally abnormal hemoglobins have generally revealed equal production of alpha and beta polypeptide chains. However, in the present investigation of globin biosynthesis in vitro in blood and marrow from two subjects heterozygous for unstable hemoglobin Leiden, beta6 or 7 Glu --> O, a significant excess of alpha-chain production was revealed. A mother and daughter of northern European ancestry with mild compensated hemolytic anemia were found to have 25% hemoglobin Leiden. Increased hemolysis occurred after the ingestion of a sulfonamide and during infections. Normal levels of hemoglobin A2, 3.0 and 2.7%, and hemoglobin F, 0.8 and 0.6%, were found in the two subjects. Similar percentages of the minor hemoglobins were demonstrated in other family members without hemoglobin Leiden. After incubation of peripheral blood with [(3)H]-leucine, the beta(A)/beta(Leiden) synthesis ratio was 1.3, and the specific activity of beta(Leiden) was 1.3-2 times beta(A). These results indicate preferential destruction of the unstable hemoglobin Leiden. However, in contrast to previous studies of other unstable hemoglobins, there was excess synthesis of alpha-chains. The total beta/alpha synthesis ratio was 0.47-0.63 in peripheral blood and 0.82 in marrow. A pool of free alpha-chains was demonstrated by starch gel electrophoresis and DEAE column chromatography. The synthesis of globin chains was balanced in family members without hemoglobin Leiden. This degree of predominance of alpha-chain synthesis in subjects with hemoglobin Leiden resembles the findings in heterozygous beta-thalassemia. However, the relatively normal hemoglobin content of the cells with this abnormal hemoglobin suggests the possibility of an absolute excess alpha-chain production in the hemoglobin Leiden syndrome.
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22
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Efremov GD, Sadikario A, Stojmirovic E, Schroeder WA, Shelton JR, Shelton JB, Apell G, Wilson JB, Brodie AR, Huisman TH. Chemical heterogeneity of foetal haemoglobin in the Lepore haemoglobinopathy. Br J Haematol 1974; 27:319-29. [PMID: 4846463 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1974.tb06799.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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23
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Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB, Roberts AV, Knox-Macaulay HH. The clinical and chemical heterogeneity of the beta-thalassemias. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1974; 232:88-106. [PMID: 4370439 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1974.tb20575.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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24
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25
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26
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Badr FM, Lorkin PA, Lehmann H. Haemoglobin P-Nilotic containing a - chain. NATURE: NEW BIOLOGY 1973; 242:107-10. [PMID: 4513408 DOI: 10.1038/newbio242107a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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27
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White JM, Lang A, Lehmann H. Compensation of chain synthesis by the single chain gene in Hb Lepore trait. NATURE: NEW BIOLOGY 1972; 240:271-3. [PMID: 4512229 DOI: 10.1038/newbio240271a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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28
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Lang A, White JM, Lehmann H. Synthesis of Hb Lepore ( 2 2 ): influence of and nucleotide sequence on synthesis of chain. NATURE: NEW BIOLOGY 1972; 240:268-71. [PMID: 4512228 DOI: 10.1038/newbio240268a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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29
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Gill F, Atwater J, Schwartz E. Hemoglobin Lepore trait: globin synthesis in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Science 1972; 178:623-5. [PMID: 5086396 DOI: 10.1126/science.178.4061.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
There was decreased synthesis of the beta-globin chain in the peripheral blood, and equal synthesis of alpha- and non-alpha-chains in the bone marrow of three patients with hemoglobin Lepore trait, similar to the findings in patients with heterozygous beta-thalassemia. There is a relative instability of the synthetic mechanism for normal beta-chain in these patients.
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