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Mizoguchi T. In vivo dynamics of hard tissue-forming cell origins: Insights from Cre/loxP-based cell lineage tracing studies. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2024; 60:109-119. [PMID: 38406212 PMCID: PMC10885318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue provides structural support for our bodies, with the inner bone marrow (BM) acting as a hematopoietic organ. Within the BM tissue, two types of stem cells play crucial roles: mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (or skeletal stem cells) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). These stem cells are intricately connected, where BM-MSCs give rise to bone-forming osteoblasts and serve as essential components in the BM microenvironment for sustaining HSCs. Despite the mid-20th century proposal of BM-MSCs, their in vivo identification remained elusive owing to a lack of tools for analyzing stemness, specifically self-renewal and multipotency. To address this challenge, Cre/loxP-based cell lineage tracing analyses are being employed. This technology facilitated the in vivo labeling of specific cells, enabling the tracking of their lineage, determining their stemness, and providing a deeper understanding of the in vivo dynamics governing stem cell populations responsible for maintaining hard tissues. This review delves into cell lineage tracing studies conducted using commonly employed genetically modified mice expressing Cre under the influence of LepR, Gli1, and Axin2 genes. These studies focus on research fields spanning long bones and oral/maxillofacial hard tissues, offering insights into the in vivo dynamics of stem cell populations crucial for hard tissue homeostasis.
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2
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Hu Y, Hou Z, Liu Z, Wang X, Zhong J, Li J, Guo X, Ruan C, Sang H, Zhu B. Oyster mantle-derived exosomes alleviate osteoporosis by regulating bone homeostasis. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122648. [PMID: 38833761 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major public health problem with an urgent need for safe and effective therapeutic interventions. The process of shell formation in oysters is similar to that of bone formation in mammals, and oyster extracts have been proven to exert osteoprotective effects. Oyster mantle is the most crucial organ regulating shell formation, in which exosomes play an important role. However, the effects of oyster mantle-derived exosomes (OMEs) on mammalian osteoporosis and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The OMEs investigated herein was found to carry abundant osteogenic cargos. They could also survive hostile gastrointestinal conditions and accumulate in the bones following oral administration. Moreover, they promoted osteoblastic differentiation and inhibited osteoclastic differentiation simultaneously. Further mechanistic examination revealed that OMEs likely promoted osteogenic activity by activating PI3K/Akt/β-catenin pathway in osteoblasts and blunted osteoclastic activity by inhibiting NF-κB pathway in osteoclasts. These favorable pro-osteogenic effects of OMEs were also corroborated in a rat femur defect model. Importantly, oral administration of OMEs effectively attenuated bone loss and improved the bone microstructure in ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic mice, and demonstrating excellent biosafety. The mechanistic insights from our data support that OMEs possess promising therapeutic potential against osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China; College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zuoxu Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Zhengqi Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Jintao Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Jinjin Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xiaoming Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Changshun Ruan
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hongxun Sang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, China.
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China.
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3
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Deb VK, Jain U. Ti 3C 2 (MXene), an advanced carrier system: role in photothermal, photoacoustic, enhanced drugs delivery and biological activity in cancer therapy. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:3009-3031. [PMID: 38713400 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01572-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
In the realm of healthcare and the advancing field of medical sciences, the development of efficient drug delivery systems become an immense promise to cure several diseases. Despite considerable advancements in drug delivery systems, numerous challenges persist, necessitating further enhancements to optimize patient outcomes. Smart nano-carriers, for instance, 2D sheets nano-carriers are the recently emerging nanosheets that may garner attention for targeted delivery of bioactive compounds, drugs, and genes to kill cancer cells. Within these advancements, Ti3C2TX-MXene, characterized as a two-dimensional transition metal carbide, has surfaced as a prominent intelligent nanocarrier within nanomedicine. Its noteworthy characteristics facilitated it as an ideal nanocarrier for cancer therapy. In recent advancements in drug delivery research, Ti3C2TX-MXene 2D nanocarriers have been designed to release drugs in response to specific stimuli, guided by distinct physicochemical parameters. This review emphasized the multifaceted role of Ti3C2TX-MXene as a potential carrier for delivering poorly hydrophilic drugs to cancer cells, facilitated by various polymer coatings. Furthermore, beyond drug delivery, this smart nanocarrier demonstrates utility in photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy, further highlighting its significant role in cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Kumar Deb
- School of Health Sciences and Technology (SoHST), UPES, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Utkarsh Jain
- School of Health Sciences and Technology (SoHST), UPES, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India.
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4
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Smith C, Lin X, Parker L, Yeap BB, Hayes A, Levinger I. The role of bone in energy metabolism: A focus on osteocalcin. Bone 2024; 188:117238. [PMID: 39153587 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms involved in whole body glucose regulation is key for the discovery of new treatments for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Historically, glucose regulation was largely focused on responses to insulin and glucagon. Impacts of incretin-based therapies, and importance of muscle mass, are also highly relevant. Recently, bone was recognized as an endocrine organ, with several bone proteins, known as osteokines, implicated in glucose metabolism through their effects on the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. Research efforts mostly focused on osteocalcin (OC) as a leading example. This review will provide an overview on this role of bone by discussing bone turnover markers (BTMs), the receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), sclerostin (SCL) and lipocalin 2 (LCN2), with a focus on OC. Since 2007, some, but not all, research using mostly OC genetically modified animal models suggested undercarboxylated (uc) OC acts as a hormone involved in energy metabolism. Most data generated from in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro models, indicate that exogenous ucOC administration improves whole-body and skeletal muscle glucose metabolism. Although data in humans are generally supportive, findings are often discordant likely due to methodological differences and observational nature of that research. Overall, evidence supports the concept that bone-derived factors are involved in energy metabolism, some having beneficial effects (ucOC, OPG) others negative (RANKL, SCL), with the role of some (LCN2, other BTMs) remaining unclear. Whether the effect of osteokines on glucose regulation is clinically significant and of therapeutic value for people with insulin resistance and T2D remains to be confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Smith
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Xuzhu Lin
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Lewan Parker
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Bu B Yeap
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Alan Hayes
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine - Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Footscray, VIC, Australia
| | - Itamar Levinger
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine - Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Footscray, VIC, Australia.
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5
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Shi V, Morgan EF. Estrogen and estrogen receptors mediate the mechanobiology of bone disease and repair. Bone 2024; 188:117220. [PMID: 39106937 PMCID: PMC11392539 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
It is well understood that the balance of bone formation and resorption is dependent on both mechanical and biochemical factors. In addition to cell-secreted cytokines and growth factors, sex hormones like estrogen are critical to maintaining bone health. Although the direct osteoprotective function of estrogen and estrogen receptors (ERs) has been reported extensively, evidence that estrogen signaling also has a role in mediating the effects of mechanical loading on maintenance of bone mass and healing of bone injuries has more recently emerged. Recent studies have underscored the role of estrogen and ERs in many pathways of bone mechanosensation and mechanotransduction. Estrogen and ERs have been shown to augment integrin-based mechanotransduction as well as canonical Wnt/b-catenin, RhoA/ROCK, and YAP/TAZ pathways. Estrogen and ERs also influence the mechanosensitivity of not only osteocytes but also osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and marrow stromal cells. The current review will highlight these roles of estrogen and ERs in cellular mechanisms underlying bone mechanobiology and discuss their implications for management of osteoporosis and bone fractures. A greater understanding of the mechanisms behind interactions between estrogen and mechanical loading may be crucial to addressing the shortcomings of current hormonal and pharmaceutical therapies. A combined therapy approach including high-impact exercise therapy may mitigate adverse side effects and allow an effective long-term solution for the prevention, treatment, and management of bone fragility in at-risk populations. Furthermore, future implications to novel local delivery mechanisms of hormonal therapy for osteoporosis treatment, as well as the effects on bone health of applications of sex hormone therapy outside of bone disease, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Shi
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 44 Cummington St, Boston 02215, MA, USA; Center for Multiscale and Translational Mechanobiology, Boston University, 44 Cummington St, Boston 02215, MA, USA
| | - Elise F Morgan
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 44 Cummington St, Boston 02215, MA, USA; Center for Multiscale and Translational Mechanobiology, Boston University, 44 Cummington St, Boston 02215, MA, USA.
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Faraj M, Leanza G, Krug J, Cannata F, Viola V, Zampogna B, Russo F, Banfi G, Lombardi G, Vadalà G, Mangiavini L, Papalia R, Denaro V, Busse B, Napoli N. High-fiber diet reduces bone formation but does not affect bone microarchitecture in type 2 diabetes individuals. JBMR Plus 2024; 8:ziae111. [PMID: 39253598 PMCID: PMC11382141 DOI: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziae111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone fragility is a recognized complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), increasing patient morbidity. Thus, the development of an effective intervention to prevent diabetic bone fragility is urgently needed. As lifestyle intervention represents an effective option for diabetes management, it may have an impact on bone health. While studies have shown a beneficial effect of dietary fiber in T2DM management, its effect on bone health is still unclear. Thus, we investigated the impact of a high-fiber diet on bone and glucose control in men and women with T2DM. Forty-five T2DM patients (HbA1c: 6.5% ± 0.49%, age: 74 ± 7.29 yr) scheduled for hip arthroplasty were randomly assigned to follow a high-fiber diet (38 g/day) or to make no diet changes for 12 wk. Interestingly, BMI decreased by 4% (p <.0001) and HbA1c by 3.4% (p <.0001) in the high-fiber diet group, but did not decrease in the control group. However, serum concentration of the bone formation marker procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP) decreased by 8.6 % in the high-fiber diet group (p =.0004), whereas it remained unchanged in the control group. In contrast, similar to the control group, serum concentration of the bone resorption marker C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) concentrations did not change in the high-fiber diet group. Bone microCT analysis revealed no changes in trabecular and cortical bone parameters between the high-fiber diet and control groups. Similarly, real-time (RT)-PCR analysis in bone tissue showed no changes in the gene expression of Wnt pathway-related genes (Sost, Dkk-1, Wnt10b, and Lef-1), bone formation markers (Runx2, Col1a1, and Ocn), and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-10) between the two groups. Our findings suggest that 12-wk high-fiber diet intervention improves metabolic outcomes in patients with T2DM. However, it may reduce bone formation without affecting bone microarchitecture or Wnt pathway regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malak Faraj
- Research Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Leanza
- Research Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Johannes Krug
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francesca Cannata
- Research Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Viola Viola
- Research Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Biagio Zampogna
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Departmental Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Russo
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Departmental Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
| | - Gianluca Vadalà
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Departmental Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Mangiavini
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Rocco Papalia
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Departmental Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Denaro
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Departmental Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Björn Busse
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Competence Center for Interface Research, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Napoli
- Research Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Osteometabolic and Thyroid Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
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7
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Silva WJ, Cruz A, Duque G. MicroRNAs and their Modulatory Effect on the Hallmarks of Osteosarcopenia. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:458-470. [PMID: 39162945 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-024-00880-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Osteosarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome associated with disability and mortality. This review summarizes the key microRNAs that regulate the hallmarks of sarcopenia and osteoporosis. Our objective was to identify components similarly regulated in the pathology and have therapeutic potential by influencing crucial cellular processes in both bone and skeletal muscle. RECENT FINDINGS The simultaneous decline in bone and muscle in osteosarcopenia involves a complex crosstalk between these tissues. Recent studies have uncovered several key mechanisms underlying this condition, including the disruption of cellular signaling pathways that regulate bone remodeling and muscle function and regeneration. Accordingly, emerging evidence reveals that dysregulation of microRNAs plays a significant role in the development of each of these hallmarks of osteosarcopenia. Although the recent recognition of osteosarcopenia as a single diagnosis of bone and muscle deterioration has provided new insights into the mechanisms of these underlying age-related diseases, several knowledge gaps have emerged, and a deeper understanding of the role of common microRNAs is still required. In this study, we summarize current evidence on the roles of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of osteosarcopenia and identify potential microRNA targets for treating this condition. Among these, microRNAs-29b and -128 are upregulated in the disease and exert adverse effects by inhibiting IGF-1 and SIRT1, making them potential targets for developing inhibitors of their activity. MicroRNA-21 is closely associated with the occurrence of muscle and bone loss. Conversely, microRNA-199b is downregulated in the disease, and its reduced activity may be related to increased myostatin and GSK3β activity, presenting it as a target for developing analogues that restore its function. Finally, microRNA-672 stands out for its ability to protect skeletal muscle and bone when expressed in the disease, highlighting its potential as a possible therapy for osteosarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Silva
- Department of Research and Development, Mirscience Therapeutics, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Cruz
- Department of Research and Development, Mirscience Therapeutics, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Bone, Muscle & Geroscience Group. Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Dr. Joseph Kaufmann Chair in Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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8
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King JS, Wan M, Wagley Y, Stestiv M, Kalajzic I, Hankenson KD, Sanjay A. Signaling pathways associated with Lgr6 to regulate osteogenesis. Bone 2024; 187:117207. [PMID: 39033993 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Fracture management largely relies on the bone's inherent healing capabilities and, when necessary, surgical intervention. Currently, there are limited osteoinductive therapies to promote healing, making targeting skeletal stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) a promising avenue for therapeutic development. A limiting factor for this approach is our incomplete understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing SSPCs' behavior. We have recently identified that the Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 6 (Lgr6) is expressed in sub-populations of SSPCs, and is required for maintaining bone volume during adulthood and for proper fracture healing. Lgr family members (Lgr4-6) are markers of stem cell niches and play a role in tissue regeneration primarily by binding R-Spondin (Rspo1-4). This interaction promotes canonical Wnt (cWnt) signaling by stabilizing Frizzled receptors. Interestingly, our findings here indicate that Lgr6 may also influence cWnt-independent pathways. Remarkably, Lgr6 expression was enhanced during Bmp-mediated osteogenesis of both human and murine cells. Using biochemical approaches, RNA sequencing, and bioinformatic analysis of published single-cell data, we found that elements of BMP signaling, including its target gene, pSMAD, and gene ontology pathways, are downregulated in the absence of Lgr6. Our findings uncover a molecular interdependency between the Bmp pathway and Lgr6, offering new insights into osteogenesis and potential targets for enhancing fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin S King
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Musculoskeletal Research Institute, UCONN Health, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Matthew Wan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Musculoskeletal Research Institute, UCONN Health, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Yadav Wagley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marta Stestiv
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Musculoskeletal Research Institute, UCONN Health, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Ivo Kalajzic
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, The Musculoskeletal Research Institute, UCONN Health, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Kurt D Hankenson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Archana Sanjay
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Musculoskeletal Research Institute, UCONN Health, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.
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9
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Luo HH, Ren WY, Ye AH, Liu L, Jiang Y, Ye FL, He BC, Chen ZH. DDIT3 switches osteogenic potential of BMP9 to lipogenic by attenuating Wnt/β-catenin signaling via up-regulating DKK1 in mesenchymal stem cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:206091. [PMID: 39331002 DOI: 10.18632/aging.206091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) functions as a potent inducer of osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), holding promise for bone tissue engineering. However, BMP9 also concurrently triggers lipogenic differentiation in MSCs, potentially compromising its osteogenic potential. In this study, we explored the role of DNA damage inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3) in regulating the balance between BMP9-induced osteogenic and lipogenic differentiation in MSCs. Utilizing techniques such as PCR, Western blot, histochemical staining, and in vivo experiments, we analyzed the osteogenic and lipogenic markers induced by BMP9 and delved into the underlying molecular mechanism. We found a significant upregulation of DDIT3 in C3H10T1/2 cells treated with BMP9. This upregulation led to a reduction in BMP9-induced osteogenic markers but an enhancement in lipogenic markers. Conversely, knocking down DDIT3 produced the opposite effects. Furthermore, BMP9-induced bone formation was decreased in the presence of DDIT3, but adipocyte formation was increased. Further investigations demonstrated that BMP9 increased the phosphorylation level of GSK-3β and promoted nuclear translocation of β-catenin, both of which were suppressed by DDIT3. Moreover, DDIT3 decreased the total β-catenin protein level while BMP9 increased the DKK1 protein level, which was further enhanced by DDIT3. Notably, knocking down DKK1 partially reversed the effect of DDIT3 on reducing BMP9-induced osteogenic markers and increasing lipogenic markers. Our findings indicated that DDIT3 enhances lipogenic differentiation by diminishing BMP9's osteogenic potential, possibly through inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling via DKK1 upregulation in MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wen-Yan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical School of North Sichuan Medical University, Sichuan 637100, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanchong Key Laboratory of Individualized Drug Therapy, North Sichuan Medical University, Sichuan 637100, China
| | - Ai-Hua Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Fang-Lin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bai-Cheng He
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Nursing Vocational College, Chongqing 402763, China
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10
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Liu L, Luo S, Li Q, Huang K, Jiang Y, Zeng L, Lan X, Li Q, Xiao J. Role of Wnt5a in modulation of osteoporotic adipose-derived stem cells and osteogenesis. Cell Prolif 2024:e13747. [PMID: 39288944 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, a condition marked by the deterioration of bone microarchitecture and increased facture risk, arises from a disruption in bone metabolism, with osteoclasts surpassing osteoblasts in bone resorption versus formation. The Wnt signalling pathway, a key regulator of bone maintenance, remains partially understood in osteoporosis. Our research delves into the role of Wnt-related molecules in this disease. In osteoporotic adipose-derived stem cells (OP-ASCs), we detected a significant decrease in Ctnnb1 and Frizzled-6 (Fzd6), contrasted by an increase in Gsk-3β and Wnt5a. Activation of the Wnt pathway by LiCl resulted in elevated Ctnnb1 and Fzd6, but decreased Gsk-3β and Wnt5a levels, promoting OP-ASCs' bone-formation capacity. In contrast, inhibition of this pathway by DKK-1 led to diminished Ctnnb1 and Fzd6, and increased Gsk-3β and Wnt5a, adversely affecting osteogenesis. Furthermore, our findings show that overexpressing Wnt5a impedes, while silencing it enhances the bone-forming capability of OP-ASCs. In a cranial bone defect model, the implantation of Wnt5a-silenced OP-ASCs with biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds significantly promoted new bone formation. These observations indicated a repression of the canonical Wnt pathway and a stimulation of the non-canonical pathway in OP-ASCs. Silencing Wnt5a increased the osteogenic and regenerative abilities of OP-ASCs. Our study suggests targeting Wnt5a could be a promising strategy for enhancing bone regeneration in post-menopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shihong Luo
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qiumei Li
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, China
| | - Kui Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Medical Service Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Zeng
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Lan
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, China
| | - Qing Li
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingang Xiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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11
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Lin X, Zuo Y, Hu H, Zhou J. Causal relationship between reproductive factors and female bone density: a univariate and multivariate mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2024; 15:1393106. [PMID: 39346779 PMCID: PMC11427258 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1393106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Observational studies have found associations between reproductive factors and bone density in women. However, the causal relationships are not well understood. This study aims to investigate whether various reproductive factors are causally related to bone density at different skeletal sites using both univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) methods. Methods The study incorporated four reproductive factors, namely, age at menarche (AAM), age at first live birth (AFB), age at menopause (ANM), and age at last live birth (ALB), as well as five distinct skeletal sites, including bone mineral density (BMD), heel calcaneus BMD, ultradistal forearm bone mineral density (FA-BMD), lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS-BMD), and femoral neck bone mineral density (FN-BMD). Univariable two-sample MR and multivariable MR analyses were conducted using data from published genome-wide association studies (GWASs). A total of 150 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the four reproductive factors were extracted from GWAS databases. The primary statistical analysis method utilized in this study was the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. Results In the univariate MR analysis, we observed causal connections between four reproductive factors and bone density. Specifically, AAM had a significant impact on BMD and heel calcaneus BMD. Age at first live birth was negatively associated with FA-BMD. Age at last live birth showed a negative correlation with BMD and heel calcaneus BMD. ANM exhibited positive associations with BMD, heel calcaneus BMD, FA-BMD, and LS-BMD. Subsequently, we performed a multivariable MR analysis to examine the combined effects of multiple variables, which confirmed the persistence of associations between age at menopause and bone density at various sites. Additionally, we found a negative correlation between age at last live birth and heel calcaneus BMD. Conclusion This study offers a fresh perspective on the prevention of osteoporosis in women, explicitly stating that reproductive factors such as early menopause and late childbirth play a significant predictive role in individual bone density decline. Therefore, when developing osteoporosis screening and management protocols, reproductive factors should be included for a more comprehensive guidance of clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yaqi Zuo
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
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12
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Pohl S, Schinke T. O-GlcNAcylation in the osteoblast lineage-boosting the complexity of Wnt-stimulated bone formation. EMBO Rep 2024:10.1038/s44319-024-00242-2. [PMID: 39256594 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00242-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pohl
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schinke
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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13
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Abo-Elenin MHH, Kamel R, Nofal S, Ahmed AAE. The crucial role of beta-catenin in the osteoprotective effect of semaglutide in an ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03378-z. [PMID: 39254876 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03378-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a common chronic medical illness resulting from an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation along with microarchitecture degeneration attributed to estrogen deficiency and often accompanied by other medical conditions such as weight gain, depression, and insomnia. Semaglutide (SEM) is a recently introduced GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus by mitigating insulin resistance. It has been discovered that the beneficial effects of GLP-1 are associated with alterations in lipolysis, adipogenesis, and anti-inflammatory processes. GLP-1 analogs transmit signals directly to adipose tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multidisciplinary cells that originate from bone marrow, migrate to injury sites, and promote bone regeneration. MSCs can differentiate into osteoblasts, adipose cells, and cartilage cells. Our aim is to investigate the role of semaglutide on bone formation and the Wnt signaling pathway. Osteoporosis was induced in female rats by ovariectomy, and the ovariectomized rats were treated with alendronate as standard treatment with a dose of 3 mg/kg orally and semaglutide with two doses (150 mcg/kg and 300 mcg/kg) S.C. for 10 successive weeks. Semaglutide ameliorates bone detrimental changes induced by ovariectomy. It improves bone microarchitecture and preserves bone mineral content. Semaglutide ameliorates ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis and increases the expression of β-catenin, leading to increased bone formation and halted receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL's) activation. Semaglutide can be used as a potential prophylactic and therapeutic drug against osteoporosis, possibly by activating Wnt signaling and decreasing bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rehab Kamel
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo City, Egypt
| | - Shahira Nofal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo City, Egypt
| | - Amany Ali Eissa Ahmed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo City, Egypt
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14
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Zhong W, Neugebauer J, Pathak JL, Li X, Pals G, Zillikens MC, Eekhoff EMW, Bravenboer N, Zhang Q, Hammerschmidt M, Wirth B, Micha D. Functional Insights in PLS3-Mediated Osteogenic Regulation. Cells 2024; 13:1507. [PMID: 39273077 PMCID: PMC11394082 DOI: 10.3390/cells13171507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Plastin-3 (PLS3) encodes T-plastin, an actin-bundling protein mediating the formation of actin filaments by which numerous cellular processes are regulated. Loss-of-function genetic defects in PLS3 are reported to cause X-linked osteoporosis and childhood-onset fractures. However, the molecular etiology of PLS3 remains elusive. Functional compensation by actin-bundling proteins ACTN1, ACTN4, and FSCN1 was investigated in zebrafish following morpholino-mediated pls3 knockdown. Primary dermal fibroblasts from six patients with a PLS3 variant were also used to examine expression of these proteins during osteogenic differentiation. In addition, Pls3 knockdown in the murine MLO-Y4 cell line was employed to provide insights in global gene expression. Our results showed that ACTN1 and ACTN4 can rescue the skeletal deformities in zebrafish after pls3 knockdown, but this was inadequate for FSCN1. Patients' fibroblasts showed the same osteogenic transdifferentiation ability as healthy donors. RNA-seq results showed differential expression in Wnt1, Nos1ap, and Myh3 after Pls3 knockdown in MLO-Y4 cells, which were also associated with the Wnt and Th17 cell differentiation pathways. Moreover, WNT2 was significantly increased in patient osteoblast-like cells compared to healthy donors. Altogether, our findings in different bone cell types indicate that the mechanism of PLS3-related pathology extends beyond actin-bundling proteins, implicating broader pathways of bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Zhong
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Tissue Function And Regeneration, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Janine Neugebauer
- Institute of Human Genetics University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Janak L Pathak
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xingyang Li
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Gerard Pals
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Tissue Function And Regeneration, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M W Eekhoff
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Tissue Function And Regeneration, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Rare Bone Disease Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Bravenboer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Tissue Function And Regeneration, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Qingbin Zhang
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Matthias Hammerschmidt
- Developmental Biology Unit, Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Brunhilde Wirth
- Institute of Human Genetics University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Dimitra Micha
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Tissue Function And Regeneration, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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Li S, Tian Q, Zheng L, Zhou Y. Functional Amino Acids in the Regulation of Bone and Its Diseases. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024:e2400094. [PMID: 39233531 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Bone as a vigorous tissue is constantly undergoing bone remodeling. The homeostasis of bone remodeling requires combined efforts of multifarious bone cells. Amino acids (AA), known as essential components of life support, are closely related to the regulation of bone homeostasis. In recent years, the concept of functional amino acids (FAAs) has been proposed, which is defined as AA that regulate key metabolic pathways to improve health, survival, growth, development, lactation, and reproduction of organisms, to highlight their outstanding contributions in the body. In the hope of exploring new therapeutic strategies, this review focus on summarizing recent progress in the vital role of FAAs in bone homeostasis maintaining and potential implications of FAAs in bone-related diseases, and discussing related mechanisms. The results showed that FAAs are closely related to bone metabolism and therapeutic strategy targeting FAAs metabolism is one of the future trends for bone disorders, while the explorations about possible impact of FAAs-based diets are still limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Qinglu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Liwei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yachuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
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16
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Kang I, Koo M, Jun JH, Lee J. Effect of nicotinamide mononucleotide on osteogenesis in MC3T3-E1 cells against inflammation-induced by lipopolysaccharide. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2024; 51:236-246. [PMID: 38599888 PMCID: PMC11372314 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2023.06744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is extensively utilized as an anti-aging agent and possesses anti-inflammatory properties. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates Toll-like receptor 4, a process modulated by intracellular signaling pathways such as the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. This study investigated the impact of NMN on osteogenesis in the presence of LPS. METHODS To elucidate the role of NMN in osteogenesis in the context of Gram-negative bacterial infection after LPS treatment, we cultured a mouse pre-osteoblast cell line (MC3T3-E1) and subsequently incubated it with NMN and/or LPS. We then evaluated osteogenic activity by measuring alkaline phosphatase activity, assessing gene expression and protein levels, and performing Alizarin Red S staining and immunocytochemistry. RESULTS MC3T3-E1 cells underwent successful differentiation into osteoblasts following treatment with osteogenic induction medium. LPS diminished features related to osteogenic differentiation, which were subsequently partially reversed by treatment with NMN. The restorative effects of NMN on LPS-exposed MC3T3-E1 cells were further substantiated by elucidating the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, as confirmed through immunocytochemistry. CONCLUSION This study showed that infection with Gram-negative bacteria disrupted the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. This adverse effect was partially reversed by administering a high-dose of NMN. Drawing on these results, we propose that NMN could serve as a viable therapeutic strategy to preserve bone homeostasis in elderly and immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inyoung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoungjoo Koo
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyun Jun
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewang Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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17
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He X, Li Y, Zou D, Zu H, Li W, Zheng Y. An overview of magnesium-based implants in orthopaedics and a prospect of its application in spine fusion. Bioact Mater 2024; 39:456-478. [PMID: 38873086 PMCID: PMC11170442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to matching biomechanical properties and significant biological activity, Mg-based implants present great potential in orthopedic applications. In recent years, the biocompatibility and therapeutic effect of magnesium-based implants have been widely investigated in trauma repair. In contrast, the R&D work of Mg-based implants in spinal fusion is still limited. This review firstly introduced the general background for Mg-based implants. Secondly, the mechanical properties and degradation behaviors of Mg and its traditional and novel alloys were reviewed. Then, different surface modification techniques of Mg-based implants were described. Thirdly, this review comprehensively summarized the biological pathways of Mg degradation to promote bone formation in neuro-musculoskeletal circuit, angiogenesis with H-type vessel formation, osteogenesis with osteoblasts activation and chondrocyte ossification as an integrated system. Fourthly, this review followed the translation process of Mg-based implants via updating the preclinical studies in fracture fixation, sports trauma repair and reconstruction, and bone distraction for large bone defect. Furthermore, the pilot clinical studies were involved to demonstrate the reliable clinical safety and satisfactory bioactive effects of Mg-based implants in bone formation. Finally, this review introduced the background of spine fusion surgeryand the challenges of biological matching cage development. At last, this review prospected the translation potential of a hybrid Mg-PEEK spine fusion cage design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Da Zou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian, Beijing, PR China
| | - Haiyue Zu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Suchow University, PR China
| | - Weishi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Comprehensive Scientific Research Building, Beijing, PR China
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18
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Cannalire G, Biasucci G, Bertolini L, Patianna V, Petraroli M, Pilloni S, Esposito S, Street ME. Osteoporosis and Bone Fragility in Children: Diagnostic and Treatment Strategies. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4951. [PMID: 39201093 PMCID: PMC11355204 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of osteoporosis in children is increasing because of the increased survival rate of children with chronic diseases and the increased use of bone-damaging drugs. As childhood bone fragility has several etiologies, its management requires a thorough evaluation of all potentially contributing pathogenetic mechanisms. This review focuses on the main causes of primary and secondary osteoporosis and on the benefits and limits of the different radiological methods currently used in clinical practice for the study of bone quality. The therapeutic and preventive strategies currently available and the most novel diagnostic and treatment strategies are also presented. Optimal management of underlying systemic conditions is key for the treatment of bone fragility in childhood. DXA still represents the gold standard for the radiologic evaluation of bone health in children, although other imaging techniques such as computed tomography and ultrasound evaluations, as well as REMS, are increasingly studied and used. Bisphosphonate therapy is the gold standard for pharmacological treatment in both primary and secondary pediatric osteoporosis. Evidence and experience are building up relative to the use of monoclonal antibodies such as denosumab in cases of poor response to bisphosphonates in specific conditions such as osteogenesis imperfecta, juvenile Paget's disease and in some cases of secondary osteoporosis. Lifestyle interventions including adequate nutrition with adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, as well as physical activity, are recommended for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cannalire
- Paediatrics and Neonatology Unit, University of Parma, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, 43121 Piacenza, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Biasucci
- Paediatrics and Neonatology Unit, University of Parma, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, 43121 Piacenza, Italy;
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (S.P.); (M.E.S.)
| | - Lorenzo Bertolini
- Unit of Paediatric Radiology, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Viviana Patianna
- Unit of Paediatrics, Department of Mother and Child, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Maddalena Petraroli
- Unit of Paediatrics, Department of Mother and Child, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Simone Pilloni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (S.P.); (M.E.S.)
| | - Susanna Esposito
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (S.P.); (M.E.S.)
- Unit of Paediatrics, Department of Mother and Child, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Elisabeth Street
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (S.P.); (M.E.S.)
- Unit of Paediatrics, Department of Mother and Child, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
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19
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Wang T, Liu X, Li J, Yue Y, Li J, Wang M, Wei N, Hao L. Mechanisms of mechanical force in periodontal homeostasis: a review. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1438726. [PMID: 39221238 PMCID: PMC11361942 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1438726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanical forces affect periodontal health through multiple mechanisms. Normally, mechanical forces can boost soft and hard tissue metabolism. However, excessive forces may damage the periodontium or result in irreversible inflammation, whereas absence of occlusion forces also leads to tissue atrophy and bone resorption. We systemically searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases and found certain mechanisms of mechanical forces on immune defence, extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism, specific proteins, bone metabolism, characteristic periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as these factors contribute to periodontal homeostasis. The immune defence functions change under forces; genes, signalling pathways and proteinases are altered under forces to regulate ECM metabolism; several specific proteins are separately discussed due to their important functions in mechanotransduction and tissue metabolism. Functions of osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts are activated to maintain bone homeostasis. Additionally, ncRNAs have the potential to influence gene expression and thereby, modify tissue metabolism. This review summarizes all these mechanisms of mechanical forces on periodontal homeostasis. Identifying the underlying causes, this review provides a new perspective of the mechanisms of force on periodontal health and guides for some new research directions of periodontal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinran Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Yue
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinle Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of General Clinic, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Na Wei
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Hao
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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20
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Wu Y, Jing H, Li Y, Li M, Zheng Y, Lin Y, Ma G, Cao H, Yang H. NOR1 promotes the osteoblastic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells via TGF-β signaling pathway. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:338. [PMID: 39120703 PMCID: PMC11335260 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05356-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Alveolar bone loss is a main manifestation of periodontitis. Human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are considered as optimal seed cells for alveolar bone regeneration due to its mesenchymal stem cell like properties. Osteogenic potential is the premise for PDLSCs to repair alveolar bone loss. However, the mechanism regulating osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs remain elusive. In this study, we identified Neuron-derived orphan receptor 1 (NOR1), was particularly expressed in PDL tissue in vivo and gradually increased during osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs in vitro. Knockdown of NOR1 in hPDLSCs inhibited their osteogenic potential while NOR1 overexpression reversed this effect. In order to elucidate the downstream regulatory network of NOR1, RNA-sequencing was used. We found that downregulated genes were mainly enriched in TGF-β, Hippo, Wnt signaling pathway. Further, by western blot analysis, we verified that the expression level of phosphorylated-SMAD2/3 and phosphorylated-SMAD4 were all decreased after NOR1 knockdown. Additionally, ChIP-qPCR and dual luciferase reporter assay indicated that NOR1 could bind to the promoter of TGFBR1 and regulate its activity. Moreover, overexpression of TGFBR1 in PDLSCs could rescue the damaged osteogenic potential after NOR1 knockdown. Taken together, our results demonstrated that NOR1 could activate TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway and positively regulates the commitment of osteoblast lineages of PDLSCs by targeting TGFBR1 directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wu
- The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Huan Jing
- The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Yicun Li
- The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Mengqing Li
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong , 518000, China
| | - Yating Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong , 518000, China
| | - Yuntao Lin
- The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Guixing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Huiling Cao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
| | - Hongyu Yang
- The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
- Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
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21
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Miranda-Carboni GA, Krum SA. Targeting WNT5B and WNT10B in osteosarcoma. Oncotarget 2024; 15:535-540. [PMID: 39102216 PMCID: PMC11299661 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
WNT signaling regulates osteosarcoma proliferation. However, there is controversy in the field of osteosarcoma as to whether WNT signaling is pro- or anti-tumorigenic. WNT-targeting therapeutics, both activators and inhibitors, are compared. WNT5B, a β-catenin-independent ligand, and WNT10B, a β-catenin-dependent WNT ligand, are each expressed in osteosarcomas, but they are not expressed in the same tumors. Furthermore, WNT10B and WNT5B regulate different histological subtypes of osteosarcomas. Using WNT signaling modulators as therapeutics may depend on the WNT ligand and/or the activated signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo A. Miranda-Carboni
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Susan A. Krum
- Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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22
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Muniyasamy R, Manjubala I. Identification of potential sclerostin inhibiting flavonoids from Oroxylum indicum: an insilico approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:6588-6599. [PMID: 37493468 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2239955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are secondary metabolites that are widely found in various medicinal plants. They are known for their medicinal benefits and have been extensively used in healthcare industries and in the management of age-related diseases. This paper focuses on flavonoids from Oroxylum indicum, a significant medicinal tree in the practice of traditional Indian medicine. O. indicum has been utilized in a variety of polyherbal formulations for the management of musculoskeletal disorders, however the mechanism of action of its bioactive flavonoids remains unknown. The present study aimed to identify the flavonoids of O. indicum with the potential to target sclerostin, an antagonist of canonical Wnt signaling pathway for the treatment of bone-related disorders. Molecular docking, coarse-grained and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to screen the major flavonoids and investigate their interaction with sclerostin. Flavonoids with highest binding affinity and interacting with at least one of the amino acids of the PNAIG motif residues were selected from docking studies and subjected to further drug likeness and ADMET screening. Further screening from coarse-grained and molecular dynamic simulations results showed that baicalein, compared to other screened flavonoids, stably binds with the important residues of the LRP6 binding site of sclerostin, resulting in pronounced structural changes in the protein. These findings suggest that baicalein from O. indicum can potentially inhibit sclerostin and can elicit skeletal protective effects, providing an insight for further in vitro and in vivo studies.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwari Muniyasamy
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - I Manjubala
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
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23
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Amroodi MN, Maghsoudloo M, Amiri S, Mokhtari K, Mohseni P, Pourmarjani A, Jamali B, Khosroshahi EM, Asadi S, Tabrizian P, Entezari M, Hashemi M, Wan R. Unraveling the molecular and immunological landscape: Exploring signaling pathways in osteoporosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116954. [PMID: 38906027 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, characterized by compromised bone density and microarchitecture, represents a significant global health challenge, particularly in aging populations. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate signaling pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, providing valuable insights into the pivotal role of signal transduction in maintaining bone homeostasis. The exploration encompasses cellular signaling pathways such as Wnt, Notch, JAK/STAT, NF-κB, and TGF-β, all of which play crucial roles in bone remodeling. The dysregulation of these pathways is a contributing factor to osteoporosis, necessitating a profound understanding of their complexities to unveil the molecular mechanisms underlying bone loss. The review highlights the pathological significance of disrupted signaling in osteoporosis, emphasizing how these deviations impact the functionality of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, ultimately resulting in heightened bone resorption and compromised bone formation. A nuanced analysis of the intricate crosstalk between these pathways is provided to underscore their relevance in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. Furthermore, the study addresses some of the most crucial long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with osteoporosis, adding an additional layer of academic depth to the exploration of immune system involvement in various types of osteoporosis. Finally, we propose that SKP1 can serve as a potential biomarker in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Nakhaei Amroodi
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, department of orthopedic, school of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mazaher Maghsoudloo
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Shayan Amiri
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, department of orthopedic, school of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khatere Mokhtari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parnaz Mohseni
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Pourmarjani
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Behdokht Jamali
- Department of microbiology and genetics, kherad Institute of higher education, Busheher, lran
| | - Elaheh Mohandesi Khosroshahi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Asadi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouria Tabrizian
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, department of orthopedic, school of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Runlan Wan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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24
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Chandran M, Akesson KE, Javaid MK, Harvey N, Blank RD, Brandi ML, Chevalley T, Cinelli P, Cooper C, Lems W, Lyritis GP, Makras P, Paccou J, Pierroz DD, Sosa M, Thomas T, Silverman S. Impact of osteoporosis and osteoporosis medications on fracture healing: a narrative review. Osteoporos Int 2024; 35:1337-1358. [PMID: 38587674 PMCID: PMC11282157 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-024-07059-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Antiresorptive medications do not negatively affect fracture healing in humans. Teriparatide may decrease time to fracture healing. Romosozumab has not shown a beneficial effect on human fracture healing. BACKGROUND Fracture healing is a complex process. Uncertainty exists over the influence of osteoporosis and the medications used to treat it on fracture healing. METHODS Narrative review authored by the members of the Fracture Working Group of the Committee of Scientific Advisors of the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), on behalf of the IOF and the Société Internationale de Chirurgie Orthopédique et de Traumatologie (SICOT). RESULTS Fracture healing is a multistep process. Most fractures heal through a combination of intramembranous and endochondral ossification. Radiographic imaging is important for evaluating fracture healing and for detecting delayed or non-union. The presence of callus formation, bridging trabeculae, and a decrease in the size of the fracture line over time are indicative of healing. Imaging must be combined with clinical parameters and patient-reported outcomes. Animal data support a negative effect of osteoporosis on fracture healing; however, clinical data do not appear to corroborate with this. Evidence does not support a delay in the initiation of antiresorptive therapy following acute fragility fractures. There is no reason for suspension of osteoporosis medication at the time of fracture if the person is already on treatment. Teriparatide treatment may shorten fracture healing time at certain sites such as distal radius; however, it does not prevent non-union or influence union rate. The positive effect on fracture healing that romosozumab has demonstrated in animals has not been observed in humans. CONCLUSION Overall, there appears to be no deleterious effect of osteoporosis medications on fracture healing. The benefit of treating osteoporosis and the urgent necessity to mitigate imminent refracture risk after a fracture should be given prime consideration. It is imperative that new radiological and biological markers of fracture healing be identified. It is also important to synthesize clinical and basic science methodologies to assess fracture healing, so that a convergence of the two frameworks can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chandran
- Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, DUKE NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - K E Akesson
- Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Department of Orthopedics, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - M K Javaid
- NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - N Harvey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - R D Blank
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - M L Brandi
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Palagi 1, Florence, Italy
| | - T Chevalley
- Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P Cinelli
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - W Lems
- Department of Rheumatology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G P Lyritis
- Hellenic Osteoporosis Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - P Makras
- Department of Medical Research, 251 Hellenic Air Force & VA General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - J Paccou
- Department of Rheumatology, MABlab ULR 4490, CHU Lille, Univ. Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - D D Pierroz
- International Osteoporosis Foundation, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - M Sosa
- University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Investigation Group on Osteoporosis and Mineral Metabolism, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - T Thomas
- Department of Rheumatology, North Hospital, CHU Saint-Etienne and INSERM U1059, University of Lyon-University Jean Monnet, Saint‑Etienne, France
| | - S Silverman
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and Geffen School of Medicine UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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25
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Zheng J, Zhao J, Li C, Zhang F, Saiding Q, Zhang X, Wang G, Qi J, Cui W, Deng L. Targeted Protein Fate Modulating Functional Microunits Promotes Intervertebral Fusion. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301375. [PMID: 38143276 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Stable regulation of protein fate is a prerequisite for successful bone tissue repair. As a ubiquitin-specific protease (USP), USP26 can stabilize the protein fate of β-catenin to promote the osteogenic activity of mesenchymal cells (BMSCs) and significantly increased bone regeneration in bone defects in aged mice. However, direct transfection of Usp26 in vivo is inefficient. Therefore, improving the efficient expression of USP26 in target cells is the key to promoting bone tissue repair. Herein, 3D printing combined with microfluidic technology is applied to construct a functional microunit (protein fate regulating functional microunit, denoted as PFFM), which includes GelMA microspheres loaded with BMSCs overexpressing Usp26 and seeded into PCL 3D printing scaffolds. The PFFM provides a microenvironment for BMSCs, significantly promotes adhesion, and ensures cell activity and Usp26 supplementation that stabilizes β-catenin protein significantly facilitates BMSCs to express osteogenic phenotypes. In vivo experiments have shown that PFFM effectively accelerates intervertebral bone fusion. Therefore, PFFM can provide new ideas and alternatives for using USP26 for intervertebral fusion and other hard-to-repair bone defect diseases and is expected to provide clinical translational potential in future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Cuidi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Fangke Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Qimanguli Saiding
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Xingkai Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Guojun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Jin Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
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26
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Ren N, Lv S, Li X, Shao C, Wang Z, Mei Y, Yang W, Fu W, Hu Y, Sha L, Hu W, Zhang Z, Wang C. Clinical features, treatment, and follow-up of OPPG and high-bone-mass disorders: LRP5 is a key regulator of bone mass. Osteoporos Int 2024; 35:1395-1406. [PMID: 38625381 PMCID: PMC11281985 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-024-07080-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome (OPPG) and LRP5 high bone mass (LRP5-HBM) are two rare bone diseases with opposite clinical symptoms caused by loss-of-function and gain-of-function mutations in LRP5. Bisphosphonates are an effective treatment for OPPG patients. LRP5-HBM has a benign course, and age-related bone loss is found in one LRP5-HBM patient. PURPOSE Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) is involved in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The gain-of-function mutation leads to high bone mass (LRP5-HBM), while the loss-of-function mutation leads to osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome (OPPG). In this study, the clinical manifestations, disease-causing mutations, treatment, and follow-up were summarized to improve the understanding of these two diseases. METHODS Two OPPG patients and four LRP5-HBM patients were included in this study. The clinical characteristics, biochemical and radiological examinations, pathogenic mutations, and structural analysis were summarized. Furthermore, several patients were followed up to observe the treatment effect and disease progress. RESULTS Congenital blindness, persistent bone pain, low bone mineral density (BMD), and multiple brittle fractures were the main clinical manifestations of OPPG. Complex heterozygous mutations were detected in two OPPG patients. The c.1455G > T mutation in exon 7 was first reported. During the follow-up, BMD of two patients was significantly improved after bisphosphonate treatment. On the contrary, typical clinical features of LRP5-HBM included extremely high BMD without fractures, torus palatinus and normal vision. X-ray showed diffuse osteosclerosis. Two heterozygous missense mutations were detected in four patients. In addition, age-related bone loss was found in one LRP5-HBM patient after 12-year of follow-up. CONCLUSION This study deepened the understanding of the clinical characteristics, treatment, and follow-up of OPPG and LRP5-HBM; expanded the pathogenic gene spectrum of OPPG; and confirmed that bisphosphonates were effective for OPPG. Additionally, it was found that Ala242Thr mutation could not protect LRP5-HBM patients from age-related bone loss. This phenomenon deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ren
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Shanshan Lv
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Chong Shao
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yazhao Mei
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wendi Yang
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wenzhen Fu
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yunqiu Hu
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Ling Sha
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Weiwei Hu
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zhenlin Zhang
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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27
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Du Y, Chen W, Xu H, Liang X, Wang C, Qin H, Jiang H. Variation of Odontoid Incidence According to Age in Asymptomatic Children. World Neurosurg 2024:S1878-8750(24)01302-0. [PMID: 39084285 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.07.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of age and sex on odontoid parameters and their relationships with cervical sagittal alignment in children. METHODS A total of 155 Chinese children without cervical symptoms were divided into groups by age: 3-12 years (87 participants), 13-18 years (68 participants), and sex: male (91 participants) and female (64 participants). Lateral plain radiographs of the whole spine were analyzed for (1) odontoid parameters: odontoid incidence (OI), odontoid tilt, and C2 slope (C2S); and (2) cervical sagittal parameters: C0-2, C2-3, C2-4, C2-5, C2-6, and C2-7 angles (cervical lordosis [CL]), T1 slope (T1S), and T1S minus CL (T1S-CL). Student's t-tests, linear regression analyses, and Pearson's correlation coefficient analyses were performed. RESULTS OI showed a significant difference between the 3-12 and 13-18 year groups (13.35°±4.32° vs. 17.21°±4.26°, P<0.001), and significant differences were also observed in odontoid tilt (P=0.001) and C2S (P<0.001) between different sexes. Positive correlations were found between age and OI in the 3-12 and 13-18 year groups (adjusted R2=0.104 and 0.048, respectively). OI and C2S were positively correlated with the C0-2 angle in all age and sex groups. CONCLUSIONS Age emerged as a critical determinant of OI, which increased with age among pediatric populations. Clinicians should carefully consider the disparity in OI during the assessment and restoration of cervical sagittal balance in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwang Du
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Weiyou Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Hongyuan Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Chongyang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Hongyu Qin
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China.
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Terriac L, Helesbeux JJ, Maugars Y, Guicheux J, Tibbitt MW, Delplace V. Boronate Ester Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications: Challenges and Opportunities. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:6674-6695. [PMID: 39070669 PMCID: PMC11270748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.4c00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Boronate ester (BE) hydrogels are increasingly used for biomedical applications. The dynamic nature of these molecular networks enables bond rearrangement, which is associated with viscoelasticity, injectability, printability, and self-healing, among other properties. BEs are also sensitive to pH, redox reactions, and the presence of sugars, which is useful for the design of stimuli-responsive materials. Together, BE hydrogels are interesting scaffolds for use in drug delivery, 3D cell culture, and biofabrication. However, designing stable BE hydrogels at physiological pH (≈7.4) remains a challenge, which is hindering their development and biomedical application. In this context, advanced chemical insights into BE chemistry are being used to design new molecular solutions for material fabrication. This review article summarizes the state of the art in BE hydrogel design for biomedical applications with a focus on the materials chemistry of this class of materials. First, we discuss updated knowledge in BE chemistry including details on the molecular mechanisms associated with BE formation and breakage. Then, we discuss BE hydrogel formation at physiological pH, with an overview of the main systems reported to date along with new perspectives. A last section covers several prominent biomedical applications of BE hydrogels, including drug delivery, 3D cell culture, and bioprinting, with critical insights on the design relevance, limitations and potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Terriac
- Nantes
Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton,
RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | | | - Yves Maugars
- Nantes
Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton,
RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme Guicheux
- Nantes
Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton,
RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Mark W. Tibbitt
- Macromolecular
Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vianney Delplace
- Nantes
Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton,
RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
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Phanrungsuwan A, Chavez MB, Eltilib LA, Kolli TN, Mohamed FF, Tan MH, Salmon CR, Nociti FH, Foster BL. Disparate effects of sclerostin deletion on alveolar bone and cellular cementum in mice. J Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 39012429 DOI: 10.1002/jper.24-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular cementum (CC) includes cementocytes, cells suspected to regulate CC formation or resorption as osteocytes do in bone. Sclerostin (SOST) is a secreted negative regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling expressed by osteocytes and cementocytes. Osteocyte SOST expression reduces bone formation. We investigated the functional importance of SOST in CC compared with alveolar bone (AB) using a Sost knockout (Sost-/-) mouse model to better understand the role of cementocytes in CC. METHODS Mandibles and femurs of Sost-/- and wild-type (WT) mice were analyzed at 42 and 120 days postnatal (dpn). Maxillary first molars were bilaterally extracted at 42 dpn and both AB healing (maxillary molar sockets) and CC apposition (mandibular first molars) were examined at 21 days post-procedure. Analyses included micro-computed tomography, histology, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Femur cortical and trabecular bone and mandibular bone volumes were similarly increased in Sost-/- versus WT mice at 42 and/or 120 dpn. In contrast to previous reports, CC was not increased by Sost-/- at either age. We conducted challenge experiments on AB and CC to explore tissue-specific responses. Post-extraction AB healing was improved by Sost deletion. In contrast, experimentally-induced apposition in molars failed to stimulate increased CC formation in Sost-/- versus WT mice. Wnt pathway markers AXIN2 and DKK1, which were increased in Sost-/- versus WT AB osteocytes, were unchanged in cementocytes. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate CC is less responsive than AB to SOST deletion. Within the study limitations, these results do not support cementocytes as critical for directing increased CC formation. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY Sclerostin is a protein known to inhibit bone formation, and removing sclerostin leads to more bone formation. Cementum is the thin layer that covers the surface of the tooth's root. Previous studies suggest that inhibiting sclerostin can similarly increase the amount of cementum. We wanted to compare the response of cementum and bone when sclerostin is absent to understand similarities and differences between these two tissues. In this study, we removed the Sost gene (the gene which produces sclerostin) in mice. We found that mice without sclerostin have more bone in their legs and jaws. Moreover, mice without sclerostin also healed better after tooth removal compared with normal mice. Surprisingly, unlike previous studies, we found that the amount of cementum was not different in mice without sclerostin compared with normal mice. Additionally, we challenged the cementum by taking out the opposing tooth to cause the first mandibular molar to move up by building more cementum. Even with this challenge, we found no difference in the amount of cementum in mice lacking sclerostin compared with normal mice. Therefore, we conclude here that cementum is less sensitive to the absence of sclerostin compared with bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aonjittra Phanrungsuwan
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael B Chavez
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Leena A Eltilib
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Tamara N Kolli
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Fatma F Mohamed
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Michelle H Tan
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Cristiane R Salmon
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Dentistry, N. Sra. do Patrocínio University Center, Itu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco H Nociti
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Research, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Brian L Foster
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Soloviova M, Beltrán-Vargas JC, Castro LFD, Belmonte-Beitia J, Pérez-García VM, Caballero M. A Mathematical Model for Fibrous Dysplasia: The Role of the Flow of Mutant Cells. Bull Math Biol 2024; 86:108. [PMID: 39007985 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-024-01336-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a mosaic non-inheritable genetic disorder of the skeleton in which normal bone is replaced by structurally unsound fibro-osseous tissue. There is no curative treatment for FD, partly because its pathophysiology is not yet fully known. We present a simple mathematical model of the disease incorporating its basic known biology, to gain insight on the dynamics of the involved bone-cell populations, and shed light on its pathophysiology. We develop an analytical study of the model and study its basic properties. The existence and stability of steady states are studied, an analysis of sensitivity on the model parameters is done, and different numerical simulations provide findings in agreement with the analytical results. We discuss the model dynamics match with known facts on the disease, and how some open questions could be addressed using the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Soloviova
- Department of Mathematics, Mathematical Oncology Laboratory (MOLAB), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 3, Ciudad Real, 13071, Spain.
| | - Juan C Beltrán-Vargas
- Department of Mathematics, Mathematical Oncology Laboratory (MOLAB), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 3, Ciudad Real, 13071, Spain
| | - Luis Fernandez de Castro
- Skeletal Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juan Belmonte-Beitia
- Department of Mathematics, Mathematical Oncology Laboratory (MOLAB), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 3, Ciudad Real, 13071, Spain
| | - Víctor M Pérez-García
- Department of Mathematics, Mathematical Oncology Laboratory (MOLAB), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 3, Ciudad Real, 13071, Spain
| | - Magdalena Caballero
- Department of Mathematics, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Córdoba, 14071, Spain
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Nogueira-Júnior V, Sousa FRN, da S M Rebouças C, Braz HLB, Dos S Morais MLG, Goes P, de C Brito GA, Jorge RJB, Barbosa FG, Mafezoli J, Silva-Filho CJA, de O Capistrano AL, Bezerra MM, de C Leitão RF. Exploring the osteogenic potential of semisynthetic triterpenes from Combretum leprosum: An in vitro and in silico study. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024:10.1007/s11626-024-00928-w. [PMID: 38992216 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00928-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Combretum leprosum Mart. is a plant of the Combretaceae family, widely distributed in the Northeast region of Brazil, popularly used as an anti-inflammatory agent, and rich in triterpenes. This study evaluated in vitro and in silico potential osteogenic of two semisynthetic triterpenes (CL-P2 and CL-P2A) obtained from the pentacyclic triterpene 3β,6β,16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene (CL-1) isolated from C. leprosum. Assays were carried out in cultured murine osteoblasts (OFCOL II), first investigating the possible toxicity of the compounds on these cells through viability assays (MTT). Cell proliferation and activation were investigated by immunohistochemical evaluation of Ki-67, bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineralization test by Von Kossa. Molecular docking analysis was performed to predict the binding affinity of CL-P2 and CL-P2A to target proteins involved in the regulation of osteogenesis, including: bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), proteins related to Wingless-related integration (WNT) pathway (Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6-LRP6 and sclerostin-SOST), and receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kB-ligand (RANK-L). Next, Western Blot and immunofluorescence investigated BMP-2, WNT, RANK-L, and OPG protein expressions in cultured murine osteoblasts (OFCOL II). None of the CL-P2 and CL-P2A concentrations were toxic to osteoblasts. Increased cell proliferation, ALP activity, and bone mineralization were observed. Molecular docking assays demonstrated interactions with BMP-2, LRP6, SOST, and RANK-L/OPG. There was observed increased expression of BMP-2, WNT, and RANK-L/OPG proteins. These results suggest, for the first time, the osteogenic potential of CL-P2 and CL-P2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valdo Nogueira-Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Fátima Regina N Sousa
- Department of Morphology, Medical School, Federal University of Piaui, Picos, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Conceição da S M Rebouças
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Helyson L B Braz
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Maria Luana G Dos S Morais
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Paula Goes
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Gerly Anne de C Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Roberta Jeane B Jorge
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Francisco Geraldo Barbosa
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Science Centre, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Jair Mafezoli
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Science Centre, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Carlos José A Silva-Filho
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Science Centre, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - André Luiz de O Capistrano
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Science Centre, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Mirna M Bezerra
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Renata F de C Leitão
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Hu L, Chen W, Qian A, Li YP. Wnt/β-catenin signaling components and mechanisms in bone formation, homeostasis, and disease. Bone Res 2024; 12:39. [PMID: 38987555 PMCID: PMC11237130 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-024-00342-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Wnts are secreted, lipid-modified proteins that bind to different receptors on the cell surface to activate canonical or non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways, which control various biological processes throughout embryonic development and adult life. Aberrant Wnt signaling pathway underlies a wide range of human disease pathogeneses. In this review, we provide an update of Wnt/β-catenin signaling components and mechanisms in bone formation, homeostasis, and diseases. The Wnt proteins, receptors, activators, inhibitors, and the crosstalk of Wnt signaling pathways with other signaling pathways are summarized and discussed. We mainly review Wnt signaling functions in bone formation, homeostasis, and related diseases, and summarize mouse models carrying genetic modifications of Wnt signaling components. Moreover, the therapeutic strategies for treating bone diseases by targeting Wnt signaling, including the extracellular molecules, cytosol components, and nuclear components of Wnt signaling are reviewed. In summary, this paper reviews our current understanding of the mechanisms by which Wnt signaling regulates bone formation, homeostasis, and the efforts targeting Wnt signaling for treating bone diseases. Finally, the paper evaluates the important questions in Wnt signaling to be further explored based on the progress of new biological analytical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Hu
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Airong Qian
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China.
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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Evin F, Atik T, Onay H, Goksen D, Darcan S, Cogulu O, Ozen S. Effectiveness of whole exome sequencing analyses in the molecular diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2024; 0:jpem-2024-0058. [PMID: 38953412 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2024-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a group of phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous connective tissue disorders that share similar skeletal anomalies causing bone fragility and deformation. This study aimed to investigate the molecular genetic etiology and to determine the relationship between genotype and phenotype in OI patients with whole exome sequencing (WES). METHODS Multiplex-Ligation dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) analysis of COL1A1 and COL1A2 and WES were performed on cases between the ages of 0 and 18 whose genetic etiology could not be determined before using a targeted next-generation sequencing panel, including 13 genes (COL1A1, COL1A2, IFITM5, SERPINF1, CRTAP, P3H1, PPIB, SERPINH1, FKBP10, SP7, BMP1, MBTPS2, PLOD2) responsible for OI. RESULTS Twelve patients (female/male: 4/8) from 10 different families were included in the study. In 6 (50 %) families, consanguineous marriage was noted. The clinical typing based on Sillence classification; 3 (25 %) patients were considered to be type I, 7 (58.3 %) type III, and 2 (16.7 %) type IV. Deletion/duplication wasn't detected in the COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes in the MLPA analysis of the patients. Twelve patients were molecularly analyzed by WES, and in 6 (50 %) of them, a disease-causing variant in three different genes (FKBP10, P3H1, and WNT1) was identified. Two (33.3 %) detected variants in all genes have not been previously reported in the literature and were considered deleterious based on prediction tools. In 6 cases, no variants were detected in disease-causing genes. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates rare OI types' clinical and molecular features; genetic etiology was determined in 6 (50 %) 12 patients with the WES analysis. In addition, two variants in OI genes have been identified, contributing to the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferda Evin
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Çiğli Training and Research Hospital, Bakırçay University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Tahir Atik
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Huseyin Onay
- Multigen Genetic Diseases Diagnosis Center, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Damla Goksen
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Sukran Darcan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Ozgur Cogulu
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Samim Ozen
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye
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Lin W, Chow SKH, Cui C, Liu C, Wang Q, Chai S, Wong RMY, Zhang N, Cheung WH. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway as an important mediator in muscle and bone crosstalk: A systematic review. J Orthop Translat 2024; 47:63-73. [PMID: 39007034 PMCID: PMC11245956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The interaction between muscle and bone is shown to be clinically important but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is reported to be involved in muscle-bone crosstalk, but its detailed function remains unclear. This systematic review aims to investigate and elucidate the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in muscle-bone crosstalk. Methods We conducted a literature search on the Web of Science, PubMed, EBSCO and Embase with keywords "Wnt*", "bone*" and "muscle*". A systematic review was completed according to the guideline of preferred reporting items of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). Data synthesis included species (human, animal or cell type used), treatments involved, outcome measures and key findings with respect to Wnts. Results Seventeen papers were published from 2007 to 2021 and were extracted from a total of 1529 search results in the databases of Web of Science (468 papers), PubMed (457 papers), EBSCO (371) and Embase (233). 12 Wnt family members were investigated in the papers, including Wnt1, Wnt2, Wnt2b, Wnt3a, Wnt4, Wnt5a, Wnt8a, Wnt8b, Wnt9a, Wnt10a, Wnt10b and Wnt16. Many studies showed that muscles were able to increase or decrease osteogenesis of bone, while bone increased myogenesis of muscle through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Wnt3a, Wnt4 and Wnt10b were shown to play important roles in the crosstalk between muscle and bone. Conclusions Wnt3a, Wnt4 and Wnt10b are found to play important mediatory roles in muscle-bone crosstalk. The role of Wnt4 was mostly found to regulate muscle from the bone side. Whilst the role of Wnt10b during muscle ageing was proposed, current evidence is insufficient to clarify the specific role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the interplay between sarcopenia and osteoporosis. More future studies are required to investigate the exact regulatory roles of Wnts in muscle-bone crosstalk in musculoskeletal disease models such as sarcopenia and osteoporosis. Translational potential of this article The systematic review provides an extensive overview to reveal the roles of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in muscle-bone crosstalk. These results provide novel research directions to further understand the underlying mechanism of sarcopenia, osteoporosis, and their crosstalk, finally helping the future development of new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujian Lin
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Simon Kwoon Ho Chow
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Can Cui
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Chaoran Liu
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Qianjin Wang
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Senlin Chai
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Ronald Man Yeung Wong
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Wing Hoi Cheung
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
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Qian J, Li Q, Song Y, Gong X, Hu K, Ge G, Sun Y. Pectolinarigenin ameliorates osteoporosis via enhancing Wnt signaling cascade in PPARβ-dependent manner. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155587. [PMID: 38608598 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a prevalent metabolic bone disease in older adults. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β (PPARβ), the most abundant PPAR isotype expressed in bone tissues, plays a critical role in regulating the energy metabolism of osteoblasts. However, the botanical compounds targeting PPARβ for the treatment of osteoporosis remain largely unexplored. PURPOSE To discover a potent PPARβ agonist from botanical compounds, as well as to investigate the anti-osteoporosis effects and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the newly identified PPARβ agonist. METHODS The PPARβ agonist effects of botanical compounds were screened by an in vitro luciferase reporter gene assay. The PPARβ agonist effects of pectolinarigenin (PEC) in bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) were validated by Western blotting. RNA-seq transcriptome analyses were conducted to reveal the underlying osteoporosis mechanisms of PEC in BMSCs. The PPARβ antagonist (GSK0660) and Wnt signaling inhibitor (XAV969) were used to explore the role of the PPARβ and Wnt signaling cascade in the anti-osteoporosis effects of PEC. PEC or the PEG-PLGA nanoparticles of PEC (PEC-NP) were intraperitoneally administrated in both wild-type mice and ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis mice to examine its anti-osteoporotic effects in vivo. RESULTS PEC, a newly identified naturally occurring PPARβ agonist, significantly promotes osteogenic differentiation and up-regulates the osteogenic differentiation-related genes (Runx2, Osterix, and Bmp2) in BMSCs. RNA sequencing and functional gene enrichment analysis suggested that PEC could activate osteogenic-related signaling pathways, including Wnt and PPAR signaling pathways. Further investigations suggested that PEC could enhance Wnt/β-catenin signaling in a PPARβ-dependent manner in BMSCs. Animal tests showed that PEC-NP promoted bone mass and density, increased the bone cell matrix protein, and accelerated bone formation in wild-type mice, while PEC-NP also played a preventive role in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis mice via maintaining the expression level of bone cell matrix protein, balancing the rate of bone formation, and slowing down bone loss. Additionally, PEC-NP did not cause any organ injury and body weight loss after long-term use (11 weeks). CONCLUSION PEC significantly promotes bone formation and reduces bone loss in both BMSCs and ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis mice via enhancing the Wnt signaling cascade in a PPARβ-dependent manner, providing a new alternative therapy for preventing estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Qian
- Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China; School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yangjie Song
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xuyan Gong
- Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaili Hu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Yao Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Evenepoel P, Jørgensen HS. Skeletal parathyroid hormone hyporesponsiveness: a neglected, but clinically relevant reality in chronic kidney disease. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2024; 33:383-390. [PMID: 38651491 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Defining the optimal parathyroid hormone (PTH) target in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is challenging, especially for bone outcomes, due to the substantial variability in the skeleton's response to PTH. Although PTH hyporesponsiveness is as integral a component of CKD-mineral bone disorder as elevated PTH levels, clinical awareness of this condition is limited. In this review, we will discuss factors and mechanisms contributing to PTH hyporesponsiveness in CKD. This knowledge may provide clues towards a personalized approach to treating secondary hyperparathyroidism in CKD. RECENT FINDINGS Indicates a link between disturbed phosphate metabolism and impaired skeletal calcium sensing receptor signaling as an important mediator of PTH hyporesponsiveness in CKD. Further, cohort studies with diverse populations point towards differences in mineral metabolism control, rather than genetic or environmental factors, as drivers of the variability of PTH responsiveness. IN SUMMARY Skeletal PTH hyporesponsiveness in CKD has a multifactorial origin, shows important interindividual variability, and is challenging to estimate in clinical practice. The variability in skeletal responsiveness compromises PTH as a biomarker of bone turnover, especially when considering populations that are heterogeneous in ethnicity, demography, kidney function, primary kidney disease and mineral metabolism control, and in patients treated with bone targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Evenepoel
- Department of Immunology and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Leuven University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hanne Skou Jørgensen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus
- Department of Nephrology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Li Z, Li Y, Liu C, Gu Y, Han G. Research progress of the mechanisms and applications of ginsenosides in promoting bone formation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155604. [PMID: 38614042 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone deficiency-related diseases caused by various factors have disrupted the normal function of the skeleton and imposed a heavy burden globally, urgently requiring potential new treatments. The multi-faceted role of compounds like ginsenosides and their interaction with the bone microenvironment, particularly osteoblasts can promote bone formation and exhibit anti-inflammatory, vascular remodeling, and antibacterial properties, holding potential value in the treatment of bone deficiency-related diseases and bone tissue engineering. PURPOSE This review summarizes the interaction between ginsenosides and osteoblasts and the bone microenvironment in bone formation, including vascular remodeling and immune regulation, as well as their therapeutic potential and toxicity in the broad treatment applications of bone deficiency-related diseases and bone tissue engineering, to provide novel insights and treatment strategies. METHODS The literature focusing on the mechanisms and applications of ginsenosides in promoting bone formation before March 2024 was searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct databases. Keywords such as "phytochemicals", "ginsenosides", "biomaterials", "bone", "diseases", "bone formation", "microenvironment", "bone tissue engineering", "rheumatoid arthritis", "periodontitis", "osteoarthritis", "osteoporosis", "fracture", "toxicology", "pharmacology", and combinations of these keywords were used. RESULTS Ginsenoside monomers regulate signaling pathways such as WNT/β-catenin, FGF, and BMP/TGF-β, stimulating osteoblast generation and differentiation. It exerts angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the bone surrounding microenvironment through signaling such as WNT/β-catenin, NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and Notch. It shows therapeutic effects and biological safety in the treatment of bone deficiency-related diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, periodontitis, osteoporosis, and fractures, and bone tissue engineering by promoting osteogenesis and improving the microenvironment of bone formation. CONCLUSION The functions of ginsenosides are diverse and promising in treating bone deficiency-related diseases and bone tissue engineering. Moreover, potential exists in regulating the bone microenvironment, modifying biomaterials, and treating inflammatory-related bone diseases and dental material applications. However, the mechanisms and effects of some ginsenoside monomers are still unclear, and the lack of clinical research limits their clinical application. Further exploration and evaluation of the potential of ginsenosides in these areas are expected to provide more effective methods for treating bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Li
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Chaoran Liu
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Yuqing Gu
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Guanghong Han
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China.
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Zhang J, Hu W, Zou Z, Li Y, Kang F, Li J, Dong S. The role of lipid metabolism in osteoporosis: Clinical implication and cellular mechanism. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101122. [PMID: 38523674 PMCID: PMC10958717 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, researchers have become focused on the relationship between lipids and bone metabolism balance. Moreover, many diseases related to lipid metabolism disorders, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis, obesity, and menopause, are associated with osteoporotic phenotypes. It has been clinically observed in humans that these lipid metabolism disorders promote changes in osteoporosis-related indicators bone mineral density and bone mass. Furthermore, similar osteoporotic phenotype changes were observed in high-fat and high-cholesterol-induced animal models. Abnormal lipid metabolism (such as increased oxidized lipids and elevated plasma cholesterol) affects bone microenvironment homeostasis via cross-organ communication, promoting differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to adipocytes, and inhibiting commitment towards osteoblasts. Moreover, disturbances in lipid metabolism affect the bone metabolism balance by promoting the secretion of cytokines such as receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand by osteoblasts and stimulating the differentiation of osteoclasts. Conclusively, this review addresses the possible link between lipid metabolism disorders and osteoporosis and elucidates the potential modulatory mechanisms and signaling pathways by which lipid metabolism affects bone metabolism balance. We also summarize the possible approaches and prospects of intervening lipid metabolism for osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhi Zou
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yuheng Li
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Fei Kang
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jianmei Li
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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Ito T, Katsumi S, Shinohara A, Arimura D, Obata S, Ikegami T, Saito M. Myositis Ossificans of the Psoas Major Muscle After XLIF With Preoperative Administration of Romosozumab: A Case Report. JBJS Case Connect 2024; 14:01709767-202409000-00011. [PMID: 39028835 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.cc.23.00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
CASE A 62-year-old woman receiving romosozumab for 3 months underwent extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) for lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis. From 1 week after surgery, she experienced gradually increasing pain from the right groin to the front of the thigh. Examination revealed ossifying myositis in bilateral psoas major muscles. Etidronate treatment was initiated, improving pain after 4 days. Computed tomography showed lesion disappearance by 3 months after surgery. CONCLUSION We report a rare case of myositis ossificans in bilateral psoas major muscles following XLIF surgery, possibly influenced by intraoperative manipulation and romosozumab treatment. Etidronate administration may be effective, as with heterotopic ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoki Ito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Hiasa M, Endo I, Matsumoto T. Bone-fat linkage via interleukin-11 in response to mechanical loading. J Bone Miner Metab 2024; 42:447-454. [PMID: 38324177 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-023-01493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Positive regulators of bone formation, such as mechanical loading and PTH, stimulate and negative regulators, such as aging and glucocorticoid excess, suppress IL-11 gene transcription in osteoblastic cells. Signal transduction from mechanical loading and PTH stimulation involves two pathways: one is Ca2+-ERK-CREB pathway which facilitates binding of ∆FosB/JunD to the AP-1 site to enhance IL-11 gene transcription, and the other is Smad1/5 phosphorylation that promotes IL-11 gene transcription via SBE binding and complex formation with ∆FosB/JunD. The increased IL-11 suppresses Sost expression via IL-11Rα-STAT1/3-HDAC4/5 pathway and enhances Wnt signaling in the bone to stimulate bone formation. Thus, IL-11 mediates stimulatory and inhibitory signals of bone formation by affecting Wnt signaling. Physiologically important stimulation of bone formation is exercise-induced mechanical loading, but exercise simultaneously requires energy source for muscle contraction. Exercise-induced stimulation of IL-11 expression in the bone increases the secretion of IL-11 from the bone. The increased circulating IL-11 acts like a hormone to enhance adipolysis as an energy source with a reduction in adipogenic differentiation via a suppression of Dkk1/2 expression in the adipose tissue. Such bone-fat linkage can be a mechanism whereby exercise increases bone mass and, at the same time, maintains energy supply from the adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Hiasa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Itsuro Endo
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hematology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, 770-8503,, Japan
| | - Toshio Matsumoto
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hematology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, 770-8503,, Japan.
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Pal China S, Kalyanaraman H, Zhuang S, Cabriales JA, Sah RL, Pilz RB. Protein kinase G2 activation restores Wnt signaling and bone mass in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in mice. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e175089. [PMID: 38885330 PMCID: PMC11383176 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.175089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporotic fractures are a major complication of long-term glucocorticoid therapy. Glucocorticoids transiently increase bone resorption, but they predominantly inhibit bone formation and induce osteocyte apoptosis, leading to bone loss. Current treatments of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis aim mainly at reducing bone resorption and are, therefore, inadequate. We previously showed that signaling via the NO/cGMP/protein kinase G pathway plays a key role in skeletal homeostasis. Here, we show that pharmacological PKG activation with the guanylyl cyclase-1 activator cinaciguat or expression of a constitutively active, mutant PKG2R242Q restored proliferation, differentiation, and survival of primary mouse osteoblasts exposed to dexamethasone. Cinaciguat treatment of WT mice or osteoblast-specific expression of PKG2R242Q in transgenic mice prevented dexamethasone-induced loss of cortical bone mass and strength. These effects of cinaciguat and PKG2R242Q expression were due to preserved bone formation parameters and osteocyte survival. The basis for PKG2's effects appeared to be through recovery of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which was suppressed by glucocorticoids but critical for proliferation, differentiation, and survival of osteoblast-lineage cells. Cinaciguat reduced dexamethasone activation of osteoclasts, but this did not occur in the PKG2R242Q transgenic mice, suggesting a minor role in osteoprotection. We propose that existing PKG-targeting drugs could represent a novel therapeutic approach to prevent glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Robert L Sah
- Department of Bioengineering, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
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Gou Y, Li H, Sun X, Chen D, Tian F. Parathyroid hormone (1-34) retards the lumbar facet joint degeneration and activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in ovariectomized rats. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:352. [PMID: 38877549 PMCID: PMC11177467 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04817-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Facet joint degeneration (FJD) is a major cause of low back pain. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (1-34) is commonly used to treat osteoporosis. However, little is known about its effects on FJD induced by estrogen deficiency. This study aims to investigate the effects of PTH (1-34) on FJD induced by estrogen deficiency and the underlying pathogenesis of the disease. METHODS Forty 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: 30 received bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) followed by 12 weeks of treatment with normal saline, PTH (1-34) or 17β-estradiol (E2), and 10 received sham surgery followed by administration of normal saline. Status and Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity in the cartilage and subchondral bone of the L4-L5 FJs and serum biomarkers were analyzed. RESULTS Administration of PTH (1-34) and E2 ameliorated cartilage lesions, and significantly decreased MMP-13 and caspase-3 levels and chondrocyte apoptosis. PTH (1-34) but not E2 significantly increased cartilage thickness, number of chondrocytes, and the expression of aggrecan. PTH (1-34) significantly improved microarchitecture parameters of subchondral bone, increased the expression of collagen I and osteocalcin, and decreased RANKL/OPG ratio. E2 treatment significantly increased the OPG level and decreased the RANKL/OPG ratio in the subchondral bone of ovariectomized rats, but it did not significantly improve the microarchitecture parameters of subchondral bone. Wnt3a and β-catenin expression was significantly reduced in the articular cartilage and subchondral bone in OVX rats, but PTH (1-34) could increase the expression of these proteins. E2 significantly increased the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway only in cartilage, but not in subchondral bone. The restoration of Wnt/β-catenin signaling had an obvious correlation with the improvement of some parameters associated with the FJs status. CONCLUSION Wnt/β-catenin signaling may be a potential therapeutic target for FJD induced by estrogen deficiency. PTH (1-34) is effective in treating this disease with better efficacy than 17β-estradiol, and the efficacy may be attributed to its restoration of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hetong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Desheng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Faming Tian
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.
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Deng AF, Wang FX, Wang SC, Zhang YZ, Bai L, Su JC. Bone-organ axes: bidirectional crosstalk. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:37. [PMID: 38867330 PMCID: PMC11167910 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00540-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In addition to its recognized role in providing structural support, bone plays a crucial role in maintaining the functionality and balance of various organs by secreting specific cytokines (also known as osteokines). This reciprocal influence extends to these organs modulating bone homeostasis and development, although this aspect has yet to be systematically reviewed. This review aims to elucidate this bidirectional crosstalk, with a particular focus on the role of osteokines. Additionally, it presents a unique compilation of evidence highlighting the critical function of extracellular vesicles (EVs) within bone-organ axes for the first time. Moreover, it explores the implications of this crosstalk for designing and implementing bone-on-chips and assembloids, underscoring the importance of comprehending these interactions for advancing physiologically relevant in vitro models. Consequently, this review establishes a robust theoretical foundation for preventing, diagnosing, and treating diseases related to the bone-organ axis from the perspective of cytokines, EVs, hormones, and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Fu Deng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Fu-Xiao Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Si-Cheng Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Ying-Ze Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Institution of Hebei Province, NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
| | - Long Bai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jia-Can Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Liu L, Luo P, Wen P, Xu P. The role of magnesium in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1406248. [PMID: 38904051 PMCID: PMC11186994 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1406248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg), a nutritional element which is essential for bone development and mineralization, has a role in the progression of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease characterized by significant deterioration of bone microstructure and bone loss. Mg deficiency can affect bone structure in an indirect way through the two main regulators of calcium homeostasis (parathyroid hormone and vitamin D). In human osteoblasts (OBs), parathyroid hormone regulates the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κ B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) to affect osteoclast (OC) formation. In addition, Mg may also affect the vitamin D3 -mediated bone remodeling activity. vitamin D3 usually coordinates the activation of the OB and OC. The unbalanced activation OC leads to bone resorption. The RANK/RANKL/OPG axis is considered to be a key factor in the molecular mechanism of osteoporosis. Mg participates in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis by affecting the regulation of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D levels to affect the RANK/RANKL/OPG axis. Different factors affecting the axis and enhancing OC function led to bone loss and bone tissue microstructure damage, which leads to the occurrence of osteoporosis. Clinical research has shown that Mg supplementation can alleviate the symptoms of osteoporosis to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pan Luo
- Department of Auricular Reconstruction, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Wen
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Yambe S, Yoshimoto Y, Ikeda K, Maki K, Takimoto A, Tokuyama A, Higuchi S, Yu X, Uchibe K, Miura S, Watanabe H, Sakuma T, Yamamoto T, Tanimoto K, Kondoh G, Kasahara M, Mizoguchi T, Docheva D, Adachi T, Shukunami C. Sclerostin modulates mineralization degree and stiffness profile in the fibrocartilaginous enthesis for mechanical tissue integrity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1360041. [PMID: 38895158 PMCID: PMC11183276 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1360041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrocartilaginous entheses consist of tendons, unmineralized and mineralized fibrocartilage, and subchondral bone, each exhibiting varying stiffness. Here we examined the functional role of sclerostin, expressed in mature mineralized fibrochondrocytes. Following rapid mineralization of unmineralized fibrocartilage and concurrent replacement of epiphyseal hyaline cartilage by bone, unmineralized fibrocartilage reexpanded after a decline in alkaline phosphatase activity at the mineralization front. Sclerostin was co-expressed with osteocalcin at the base of mineralized fibrocartilage adjacent to subchondral bone. In Scx-deficient mice with less mechanical loading due to defects of the Achilles tendon, sclerostin+ fibrochondrocyte count significantly decreased in the defective enthesis where chondrocyte maturation was markedly impaired in both fibrocartilage and hyaline cartilage. Loss of the Sost gene, encoding sclerostin, elevated mineral density in mineralized zones of fibrocartilaginous entheses. Atomic force microscopy analysis revealed increased fibrocartilage stiffness. These lines of evidence suggest that sclerostin in mature mineralized fibrochondrocytes acts as a modulator for mechanical tissue integrity of fibrocartilaginous entheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsei Yambe
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Division of Dental Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshimoto
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Division of Dental Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Division of Dental Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koichiro Maki
- Laboratory of Biomechanics, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Aki Takimoto
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Division of Dental Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Shinnosuke Higuchi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Division of Dental Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Xinyi Yu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Division of Dental Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenta Uchibe
- Department of Maxillofacial Anatomy and Neuroscience, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shigenori Miura
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Division of Dental Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hitomi Watanabe
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Science, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Sakuma
- Division of Integrated Sciences for Life, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamamoto
- Division of Integrated Sciences for Life, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kotaro Tanimoto
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Gen Kondoh
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Science, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Denitsa Docheva
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration, Orthopaedic Hospital König-Ludwig-Haus, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Taiji Adachi
- Laboratory of Biomechanics, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chisa Shukunami
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Division of Dental Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Yadalam PK, Ramadoss R, Suresh R. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis of the Inflammatory Wnt Signaling Reveals Biomarkers Related to Bone Formation. Cureus 2024; 16:e63510. [PMID: 39081453 PMCID: PMC11288288 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Osteocytes regulate bone metabolism and balance through various mechanisms, including the Wnt (Wingless-related integration site signal transduction) signaling pathway. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) is a computational method to identify functionally related genes based on expression patterns, especially in the Wnt-beta-catenin and osteo-regenerative pathways. This study aims to analyze gene modules of the Wnt signaling pathway from WGCNA analysis. Methods The study used a microarray dataset from the GEO (GSE228306) to analyze differential gene expression in human primary monocytes. The study standardized datasets using Robust Multi-Array Average (RMA) expression measure and Integrated Differential Expression and Pathway (IDEP) analysis tool, building a co-expression network for group-specific component (GC) genes. Results The study uses WGCNA to identify co-expression modules with dysregulated mRNAs, revealing enrichment in Wnt-associated pathways and top hub-enriched genes like colony-stimulating factor 3 (CSF3), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-23 subunit alpha (IL23A), suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), and C-C motif chemokine ligand 19 (CCL19). Conclusion WGCNA analysis of the Wnt signaling pathway will involve functional annotation, network visualization, validation, integration with other omics data, and addressing method limitations for better understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar Yadalam
- Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Ramya Ramadoss
- Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Ramya Suresh
- Oral Biology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Marcantonio CC, Perles GH, Lopes MES, Soares LFF, da Costa PI, Cerri PS, Cirelli JA. Influence of anti-sclerostin monoclonal antibody in the repair of post-extraction sockets of ovariectomized rats. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 162:105962. [PMID: 38569446 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed the impact of an anti-sclerostin monoclonal antibody (Scl-Ab)-based osteoporosis drug on the post-extraction alveolar repair of ovariectomized rats. DESIGN Fifteen female rats were randomly distributed into three groups: CTR (healthy animals), OST (osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy), and OST+Scl-Ab (osteoporosis induction followed by Scl-Ab treatment). Ovariectomy or sham surgery was performed 30 days before baseline, and Scl-Ab or a vehicle was administered accordingly in the groups. After seven days, all rats underwent the first lower molar extraction and were euthanized 15 days later. Computed microtomography, histological analysis, and collagen content measurement were performed on post-extraction sockets and intact mandibular and maxillary bone areas. RESULTS Microtomographic analyses of the sockets and mandibles did not reveal significant differences between groups on bone morphometric parameters (p > 0.05), while maxillary bone analyses resulted in better maintenance of bone architecture in OST+Scl-Ab, compared to OST (p < 0.05). Descriptive histological analysis and polarization microscopy indicated better post-extraction socket repair characteristics and collagen content in OST+Scl-Ab compared to OST (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Scl-Ab-based medication did not accelerate alveolar bone formation but exhibited better post-extraction repair characteristics, and collagen content compared to ovariectomized animals only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Chierici Marcantonio
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Henrique Perles
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda Scordamaia Lopes
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Lélio Fernando Ferreira Soares
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Inácio da Costa
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sergio Cerri
- Department of Morphology, Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Joni Augusto Cirelli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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Hye Yang S, Mittal N, Bell AL, Bell CE. Utilization of Romosozumab in Primary Care. J Pharm Technol 2024; 40:152-157. [PMID: 38784024 PMCID: PMC11110734 DOI: 10.1177/87551225231220221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of the study is to highlight the role and safety of romosozumab in patients at high risk of fractures in primary care. Data Sources: A systemic database search of PubMed/MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane Library was conducted for articles with keywords romosozumab, osteoporosis, and safety between inception and July 2022. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Phase 3 trials in patients with osteoporosis were included. Data results from these trials were utilized for assessment. Data Synthesis: Romosozumab decreased vertebral fracture incidence by 73% at 12 months (P < 0.001) in osteoporotic postmenopausal women compared with placebo. In an active-controlled fracture study in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at high risk of fracture, a 48% lower risk of new vertebral fracture was observed at 24 months in the romosozumab-alendronate group (P < 0.001) compared with alendronate group. In a study comparing romosozumab with teriparatide in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at high risk of fracture, 2.6% of the mean percentage change from baseline in the total hip (TH) areal bone mineral density (BMD) was observed with romosozumab, while teriparatide led -0.6% of change (P < 0.0001). Romosozumab significantly increased the mean percentage change from baseline in the lumbar spine (LS) and total hip (TH) BMD than placebo in men with osteoporosis (LS, 12.1% vs 1.2%; TH, 2.5% vs -0.5%; P < 0.001). Serious cardiovascular events were observed in the romosozumab compared with alendronate (2.5% vs 1.9%; odds ratio [OR] = 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.85-2.00) in postmenopausal women, and placebo (4.9% vs 2.5%) in men with osteoporosis. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: This review discusses the role of romosozumab in patients with high fracture risk and its safety in primary care. Conclusions: Primary care physicians should consider romosozumab for patients at high fracture risk who are intolerant or have not responded to other pharmacological treatment. Further studies are needed to clarify the safety of cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Hye Yang
- Department of Clinical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Neha Mittal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Amanda L. Bell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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Shen C, Oh HR, Park YR, Chen JH, Park BH, Park JH. Interaction between p21-activated kinase 4 and β-catenin as a novel pathway for PTH-dependent osteoblast activation. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31245. [PMID: 38497504 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) serves dual roles in bone metabolism, exhibiting both anabolic and catabolic effects. The anabolic properties of PTH have been utilized in the treatment of osteoporosis with proven efficacy in preventing fractures. Despite these benefits, PTH can be administered therapeutically for up to 2 years, and its use in patients with underlying malignancies remains a subject of ongoing debate. These considerations underscore the need for a more comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms. p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) is involved in bone resorption and cancer-associated osteolysis; however, its role in osteoblast function and PTH action remains unknown. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to clarify the role of PAK4 in osteoblast function and its effects on PTH-induced anabolic activity. PAK4 enhanced MC3T3-E1 osteoblast viability and proliferation and upregulated cyclin D1 expression. PAK4 also augmented osteoblast differentiation, as indicated by increased mineralization found by alkaline phosphatase and Alizarin Red staining. Treatment with PTH (1-34), an active PTH fragment, stimulated PAK4 expression and phosphorylation in a protein kinase A-dependent manner. In addition, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (which is known to promote bone formation) increased phosphorylated PAK4 (p-PAK4) and PAK4 levels. PAK4 regulated the expression of both phosphorylated and total β-catenin, which are critical for osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, p-PAK4 directly interacted with β-catenin, and disruption of β-catenin's binding to T-cell factor impaired PAK4- and PTH-induced osteoblast differentiation. Our findings elucidate the effect of PAK4 on enhancing bone formation in osteoblasts and its pivotal role in the anabolic activity of PTH mediated through its interaction with β-catenin. These insights improve the understanding of the mechanisms underlying PTH activity and should inform the development of more effective and safer osteoporosis treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Ram Oh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ran Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China
| | - Byung-Hyun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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50
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Lu D, Zeng L, Li Y, Gu R, Hu M, Zhang P, Yu P, Zhang X, Xie Z, Liu H, Zhou Y. Cinobufotalin prevents bone loss induced by ovariectomy in mice through the BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Animal Model Exp Med 2024; 7:208-221. [PMID: 38013618 PMCID: PMC11228090 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease characterized by bone loss and decreased bone strength. However, current anti-resorptive drugs carry a risk of various complications. The deep learning-based efficacy prediction system (DLEPS) is a forecasting tool that can effectively compete in drug screening and prediction based on gene expression changes. This study aimed to explore the protective effect and potential mechanisms of cinobufotalin (CB), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), on bone loss. METHODS DLEPS was employed for screening anti-osteoporotic agents according to gene profile changes in primary osteoporosis. Micro-CT, histological and morphological analysis were applied for the bone protective detection of CB, and the osteogenic differentiation/function in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) were also investigated. The underlying mechanism was verified using qRT-PCR, Western blot (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), etc. RESULTS: A safe concentration (0.25 mg/kg in vivo, 0.05 μM in vitro) of CB could effectively preserve bone mass in estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss and promote osteogenic differentiation/function of hBMMSCs. Both BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways participated in CB-induced osteogenic differentiation, further regulating the expression of osteogenesis-associated factors, and ultimately promoting osteogenesis. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that CB could significantly reverse estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss, further promoting osteogenic differentiation/function of hBMMSCs, with BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da‐zhuang Lu
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Center of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Li‐jun Zeng
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Center of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Yang Li
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Center of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Ran‐li Gu
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Center of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Meng‐long Hu
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Center of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Center of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Peng Yu
- National Center of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyBeijingChina
- Department of Cariology and EndodontologyPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Center of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Zheng‐wei Xie
- Peking University International Cancer InstitutePeking University Health Science Center, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Center of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyBeijingChina
- Central LaboratoryPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Yong‐sheng Zhou
- Department of ProsthodonticsPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Center of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital StomatologyBeijingChina
- Central LaboratoryPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical DevicesBeijingChina
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