1
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Fessler K, Zhang J, Sandhu AK, Hui Y, Kapoor AR, Ayeh SK, Karanika S, Karakousis PC, Markham RB, Gordy JT. Combination of a MIP3α-antigen fusion therapeutic DNA vaccine with treatments of IFNα and 5-Aza-2'Deoxycytidine enhances activated effector CD8+ T cells expressing CD11c in the B16F10 melanoma model. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3243336. [PMID: 37645859 PMCID: PMC10462250 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3243336/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies in the B16F10 mouse melanoma model have demonstrated that combining a DNA vaccine comprised of regions of gp100 and tyrosinase-related protein 2 fused to Macrophage-inflammatory protein 3-alpha (MIP3α) with recombinant Interferon alpha (IFN) and 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine (5Aza) treatments resulted in significantly greater anti-tumor activity and immunogenicity in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This brief report details that the combination of vaccine with treatments IFN and 5Aza results in both the upregulation of genes expressing CD11c-interacting proteins and an increase in the TME of a distinct CD11c+ CD8+ T cell population. This cell population correlates with tumor size, is primarily comprised of effector or effector memory T cells, and has a more robust response to ex vivo stimulation as compared to CD11c- CD8+ T cells as measured by surface activation markers 4-1BB (CD137) and KLRG1 (Killer cell lectin-like receptor G1) and intracellular IFNγ production. In conclusion, this combination therapy results in greater presence of highly active effector CD8+ T-cells expressing CD11c in the TME that correlate with and are likely primary contributors to treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | | | - Yinan Hui
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
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2
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Yang L, Sheets TP, Feng Y, Yu G, Bajgain P, Hsu KS, So D, Seaman S, Lee J, Lin L, Evans CN, Guest MR, Chari R, St. Croix B. Uncovering receptor-ligand interactions using a high-avidity CRISPR activation screening platform. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj2445. [PMID: 38354234 PMCID: PMC10866537 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj2445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The majority of clinically approved drugs target proteins that are secreted or cell surface bound. However, further advances in this area have been hindered by the challenging nature of receptor deorphanization, as there are still many secreted and cell-bound proteins with unknown binding partners. Here, we developed an advanced screening platform that combines CRISPR-CAS9 guide-mediated gene activation (CRISPRa) and high-avidity bead-based selection. The CRISPRa platform incorporates serial enrichment and flow cytometry-based monitoring, resulting in substantially improved screening sensitivity for well-known yet weak interactions of the checkpoint inhibitor family. Our approach has successfully revealed that siglec-4 exerts regulatory control over T cell activation through a low affinity trans-interaction with the costimulatory receptor 4-1BB. Our highly efficient screening platform holds great promise for identifying extracellular interactions of uncharacterized receptor-ligand partners, which is essential to develop next-generation therapeutics, including additional immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Yang
- Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Timothy P. Sheets
- Genome Modification Core, Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Yang Feng
- Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Guojun Yu
- Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Pradip Bajgain
- Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Kuo-Sheng Hsu
- Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Daeho So
- Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Steven Seaman
- Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ling Lin
- Proteomic Instability of Cancer Section, MCGP, NCI, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Christine N. Evans
- Genome Modification Core, Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Mary R. Guest
- Genome Modification Core, Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Raj Chari
- Genome Modification Core, Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Brad St. Croix
- Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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3
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Mestiri S, El-Ella DMA, Fernandes Q, Bedhiafi T, Almoghrabi S, Akbar S, Inchakalody V, Assami L, Anwar S, Uddin S, Gul ARZ, Al-Muftah M, Merhi M, Raza A, Dermime S. The dynamic role of immune checkpoint molecules in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of head and neck cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116095. [PMID: 38183744 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common cancer type, accounting for approximately 277,597 deaths worldwide. Recently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) agents targeting programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) as a treatment regimen for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Studies have reported the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors as targeted therapeutic regimens that unleash the immune response against HNSCC tumors. However, the overall response rates to immunotherapy vary between 14-32% in recurrent or metastatic HNSCC, with clinical response and treatment success being unpredictable. Keeping this perspective in mind, it is imperative to understand the role of T cells, natural killer cells, and antigen-presenting cells in modulating the immune response to immunotherapy. In lieu of this, these immune molecules could serve as prognostic and predictive biomarkers to facilitate longitudinal monitoring and understanding of treatment dynamics. These immune biomarkers could pave the path for personalized monitoring and management of HNSCC. In this review, we aim to provide updated immunological insight on the mechanism of action, expression, and the clinical application of immune cells' stimulatory and inhibitory molecules as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in HNC. The review is focused mainly on CD27 and CD137 (members of the TNF-receptor superfamily), natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D), tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4 or OX40), S100 proteins, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3), indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA). It also highlights the importance of T, natural killer, and antigen-presenting cells as robust biomarker tools for understanding immune checkpoint inhibitor-based treatment dynamics. Though a comprehensive review, all aspects of the immune molecules could not be covered as they were beyond the scope of the review; Further review articles can cover other aspects to bridge the knowledge gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Mestiri
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dina Moustafa Abo El-Ella
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Queenie Fernandes
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Takwa Bedhiafi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salam Almoghrabi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shayista Akbar
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Varghese Inchakalody
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Laila Assami
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shaheena Anwar
- Department of Biosciences, Salim Habib University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdul Rehman Zar Gul
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mariam Al-Muftah
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Centre, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar; College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maysaloun Merhi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Afsheen Raza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Said Dermime
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
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4
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Sawada K, Chung H, Softic S, Moreno-Fernandez ME, Divanovic S. The bidirectional immune crosstalk in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1852-1871. [PMID: 37939656 PMCID: PMC10680147 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is an unabated risk factor for end-stage liver diseases with no available therapies. Dysregulated immune responses are critical culprits of MASLD pathogenesis. Independent contributions from either the innate or adaptive arms of the immune system or their unidirectional interplay are commonly studied in MASLD. However, the bidirectional communication between innate and adaptive immune systems and its impact on MASLD remain insufficiently understood. Given that both innate and adaptive immune cells are indispensable for the development and progression of inflammation in MASLD, elucidating pathogenic contributions stemming from the bidirectional interplay between these two arms holds potential for development of novel therapeutics for MASLD. Here, we review the immune cell types and bidirectional pathways that influence the pathogenesis of MASLD and highlight potential pharmacologic approaches to combat MASLD based on current knowledge of this bidirectional crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Sawada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | - Hak Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Samir Softic
- Department of Pediatrics and Gastroenterology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Maria E Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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5
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Salek-Ardakani S, Zajonc DM, Croft M. Agonism of 4-1BB for immune therapy: a perspective on possibilities and complications. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1228486. [PMID: 37662949 PMCID: PMC10469789 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1228486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Costimulatory receptors on immune cells represent attractive targets for immunotherapy given that these molecules can increase the frequency of individual protective immune cell populations and their longevity, as well as enhance various effector functions. 4-1BB, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, also known as CD137 and TNFRSF9, is one such molecule that is inducible on several cell types, including T cells and NK cells. Preclinical studies in animal models have validated the notion that stimulating 4-1BB with agonist reagents or its natural ligand could be useful to augment conventional T cell and NK cell immunity to protect against tumor growth and against viral infection. Additionally, stimulating 4-1BB can enhance regulatory T cell function and might be useful in the right context for suppressing autoimmunity. Two human agonist antibodies to 4-1BB have been produced and tested in clinical trials for cancer, with variable results, leading to the production of a wealth of second-generation antibody constructs, including bi- and multi-specifics, with the hope of optimizing activity and selectivity. Here, we review the progress to date in agonism of 4-1BB, discuss the complications in targeting the immune system appropriately to elicit the desired activity, together with challenges in engineering agonists, and highlight the untapped potential of manipulating this molecule in infectious disease and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dirk M. Zajonc
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Michael Croft
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of California (UC) San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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6
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Pichler AC, Carrié N, Cuisinier M, Ghazali S, Voisin A, Axisa PP, Tosolini M, Mazzotti C, Golec DP, Maheo S, do Souto L, Ekren R, Blanquart E, Lemaitre L, Feliu V, Joubert MV, Cannons JL, Guillerey C, Avet-Loiseau H, Watts TH, Salomon BL, Joffre O, Grinberg-Bleyer Y, Schwartzberg PL, Lucca LE, Martinet L. TCR-independent CD137 (4-1BB) signaling promotes CD8 +-exhausted T cell proliferation and terminal differentiation. Immunity 2023; 56:1631-1648.e10. [PMID: 37392737 PMCID: PMC10649891 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
CD137 (4-1BB)-activating receptor represents a promising cancer immunotherapeutic target. Yet, the cellular program driven by CD137 and its role in cancer immune surveillance remain unresolved. Using T cell-specific deletion and agonist antibodies, we found that CD137 modulates tumor infiltration of CD8+-exhausted T (Tex) cells expressing PD1, Lag-3, and Tim-3 inhibitory receptors. T cell-intrinsic, TCR-independent CD137 signaling stimulated the proliferation and the terminal differentiation of Tex precursor cells through a mechanism involving the RelA and cRel canonical NF-κB subunits and Tox-dependent chromatin remodeling. While Tex cell accumulation induced by prophylactic CD137 agonists favored tumor growth, anti-PD1 efficacy was improved with subsequent CD137 stimulation in pre-clinical mouse models. Better understanding of T cell exhaustion has crucial implications for the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Our results identify CD137 as a critical regulator of Tex cell expansion and differentiation that holds potential for broad therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Pichler
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nadège Carrié
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Marine Cuisinier
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Samira Ghazali
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), UPS, INSERM, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Allison Voisin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Labex DEVweCAN, INSERM, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre-Paul Axisa
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Tosolini
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Mazzotti
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Dominic P Golec
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sabrina Maheo
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Laura do Souto
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Rüçhan Ekren
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Eve Blanquart
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Lea Lemaitre
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Virginie Feliu
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Véronique Joubert
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jennifer L Cannons
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Camille Guillerey
- Cancer Immunotherapies Group, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hervé Avet-Loiseau
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Tania H Watts
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Benoit L Salomon
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), UPS, INSERM, CNRS, Toulouse, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Olivier Joffre
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), UPS, INSERM, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Yenkel Grinberg-Bleyer
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Labex DEVweCAN, INSERM, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Pamela L Schwartzberg
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Liliana E Lucca
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France.
| | - Ludovic Martinet
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
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7
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Seo SK, Kwon B. Immune regulation through tryptophan metabolism. Exp Mol Med 2023:10.1038/s12276-023-01028-7. [PMID: 37394584 PMCID: PMC10394086 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Amino acids are fundamental units of molecular components that are essential for sustaining life; however, their metabolism is closely interconnected to the control systems of cell function. Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid catabolized by complex metabolic pathways. Several of the resulting Trp metabolites are bioactive and play central roles in physiology and pathophysiology. Additionally, various physiological functions of Trp metabolites are mutually regulated by the gut microbiota and intestine to coordinately maintain intestinal homeostasis and symbiosis under steady state conditions and during the immune response to pathogens and xenotoxins. Cancer and inflammatory diseases are associated with dysbiosis- and host-related aberrant Trp metabolism and inactivation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), which is a receptor of several Trp metabolites. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms through which Trp metabolism converges to AHR activation for the modulation of immune function and restoration of tissue homeostasis and how these processes can be targeted using therapeutic approaches for cancer and inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Kil Seo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine Inje University, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea.
- Parenchyma Biotech, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byungsuk Kwon
- Parenchyma Biotech, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Melero I, Sanmamed MF, Glez-Vaz J, Luri-Rey C, Wang J, Chen L. CD137 (4-1BB)-Based Cancer Immunotherapy on Its 25th Anniversary. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:552-569. [PMID: 36576322 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-five years ago, we reported that agonist anti-CD137 monoclonal antibodies eradicated transplanted mouse tumors because of enhanced CD8+ T-cell antitumor immunity. Mouse models indicated that anti-CD137 agonist antibodies synergized with various other therapies. In the clinic, the agonist antibody urelumab showed evidence for single-agent activity against melanoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma but caused severe liver inflammation in a fraction of the patients. CD137's signaling domain is included in approved chimeric antigen receptors conferring persistence and efficacy. A new wave of CD137 agonists targeting tumors, mainly based on bispecific constructs, are in early-phase trials and are showing promising safety and clinical activity. SIGNIFICANCE CD137 (4-1BB) is a costimulatory receptor of T and natural killer lymphocytes whose activity can be exploited in cancer immunotherapy strategies as discovered 25 years ago. Following initial attempts that met unacceptable toxicity, new waves of constructs acting agonistically on CD137 are being developed in patients, offering signs of clinical and pharmacodynamic activity with tolerable safety profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Melero
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Departments of Immunology-Immunotherapy and Oncology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel F Sanmamed
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Departments of Immunology-Immunotherapy and Oncology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Glez-Vaz
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Luri-Rey
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Lieping Chen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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9
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Fu M, Zhang X, Liu C, Lyu J, Liu X, Zhong S, Liang Y, Liu P, Huang L, Xiao Z, Wang X, Liang X, Wang H, Fan S. Phenotypic and functional alteration of CD45+ immune cells in the decidua of preeclampsia patients analyzed by mass cytometry (CyTOF). Front Immunol 2023; 13:1047986. [PMID: 36685576 PMCID: PMC9852836 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1047986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a severe placenta-related pregnancy disease that has been associated with maternal systemic inflammation and immune system disorders. However, the distribution and functional changes in immune cells of the maternal-placental interface have not been well characterized. Herein, cytometry by time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CyTOF) was used to investigate the immune atlas at the decidua, which was obtained from four PE patients and four healthy controls. Six superclusters were identified, namely, T cells, B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes, granulocytes, and others. B cells were significantly decreased in the PE group, among which the reduction in CD27+CD38+ regulatory B cell (Breg)-like cells may stimulate immune activation in PE. The significantly increased migration of B cells could be linked to the significantly overexpressed chemokine C-X-C receptor 5 (CXCR5) in the PE group, which may result in the production of excessive autoantibodies and the pathogenesis of PE. A subset of T cells, CD11c+CD8+ T cells, was significantly decreased in PE and might lead to sustained immune activation in PE patients. NK cells were ultimately separated into four subsets. The significant reduction in a novel subset of NK cells (CD56-CD49a-CD38+) in PE might have led to the failure to suppress inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface during PE progression. Moreover, the expression levels of functional markers were significantly altered in the PE group, which also inferred that shifts in the decidual immune state contributed to the development of PE and might serve as potential treatment targets. This is a worthy attempt to elaborate the differences in the phenotype and function of CD45+ immune cells in the decidua between PE and healthy pregnancies by CyTOF, which contributes to understand the pathogenesis of PE, and the altered cell subsets and markers may inspire the immune modulatory therapy for PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University - Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University - Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunfeng Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University - Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinli Lyu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University - Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University - Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shilin Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University - Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiheng Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University - Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University - Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liting Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University - Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhansong Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University - Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University - Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoling Liang
- The Assisted Reproduction Center, Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shangrong Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University - Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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10
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Pan M, Zhao H, Jin R, Leung PSC, Shuai Z. Targeting immune checkpoints in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies associated vasculitis: the potential therapeutic targets in the future. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1156212. [PMID: 37090741 PMCID: PMC10115969 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1156212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) associated vasculitis (AAV) is a necrotizing vasculitis mainly involving small blood vessels. It is demonstrated that T cells are important in the pathogenesis of AAV, including regulatory T cells (Treg) and helper T cells (Th), especially Th2, Th17, and follicular Th cells (Tfh). In addition, the exhaustion of T cells predicted the favorable prognosis of AAV. The immune checkpoints (ICs) consist of a group of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules expressed on the surface of T cells, which maintains a balance between the activation and exhaustion of T cells. CD28, inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS), OX40, CD40L, glucocorticoid induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR), and CD137 are the common co-stimulatory molecules, while the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated molecule 4 (CTLA-4), T cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3), B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA), T-cell Ig and ITIM domain (TIGIT), CD200, and lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) belong to co-inhibitory molecules. If this balance was disrupted and the activation of T cells was increased, autoimmune diseases (AIDs) might be induced. Even in the treatment of malignant tumors, activation of T cells by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may result in AIDs known as rheumatic immune-related adverse events (Rh-irAEs), suggesting the importance of ICs in AIDs. In this review, we summarized the features of AAV induced by immunotherapy using ICIs in patients with malignant tumors, and then reviewed the biological characteristics of different ICs. Our aim was to explore potential targets in ICs for future treatment of AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Pan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ruimin Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Patrick S. C. Leung
- Division of Rheumatology/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Zongwen Shuai, ; Patrick S. C. Leung,
| | - Zongwen Shuai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Zongwen Shuai, ; Patrick S. C. Leung,
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11
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Kim AMJ, Nemeth MR, Lim SO. 4-1BB: A promising target for cancer immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:968360. [PMID: 36185242 PMCID: PMC9515902 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.968360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, powered by its relative efficacy and safety, has become a prominent therapeutic strategy utilized in the treatment of a wide range of diseases, including cancer. Within this class of therapeutics, there is a variety of drug types such as immune checkpoint blockade therapies, vaccines, and T cell transfer therapies that serve the purpose of harnessing the body’s immune system to combat disease. Of these different types, immune checkpoint blockades that target coinhibitory receptors, which dampen the body’s immune response, have been widely studied and established in clinic. In contrast, however, there remains room for the development and improvement of therapeutics that target costimulatory receptors and enhance the immune response against tumors, one of which being the 4-1BB (CD137/ILA/TNFRSF9) receptor. 4-1BB has been garnering attention as a promising therapeutic target in the setting of cancer, amongst other diseases, due to its broad expression profile and ability to stimulate various signaling pathways involved in the generation of a potent immune response. Since its discovery and demonstration of potential as a clinical target, major progress has been made in the knowledge of 4-1BB and the development of clinical therapeutics that target it. Thus, we seek to summarize and provide a comprehensive update and outlook on those advancements in the context of cancer and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Min Jung Kim
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Macy Rose Nemeth
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Seung-Oe Lim
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Purdue Institute of Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- *Correspondence: Seung-Oe Lim,
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12
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Rojas M, Heuer LS, Zhang W, Chen YG, Ridgway WM. The long and winding road: From mouse linkage studies to a novel human therapeutic pathway in type 1 diabetes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:918837. [PMID: 35935980 PMCID: PMC9353112 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.918837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmunity involves a loss of immune tolerance to self-proteins due to a combination of genetic susceptibility and environmental provocation, which generates autoreactive T and B cells. Genetic susceptibility affects lymphocyte autoreactivity at the level of central tolerance (e.g., defective, or incomplete MHC-mediated negative selection of self-reactive T cells) and peripheral tolerance (e.g., failure of mechanisms to control circulating self-reactive T cells). T regulatory cell (Treg) mediated suppression is essential for controlling peripheral autoreactive T cells. Understanding the genetic control of Treg development and function and Treg interaction with T effector and other immune cells is thus a key goal of autoimmunity research. Herein, we will review immunogenetic control of tolerance in one of the classic models of autoimmunity, the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of autoimmune Type 1 diabetes (T1D). We review the long (and still evolving) elucidation of how one susceptibility gene, Cd137, (identified originally via linkage studies) affects both the immune response and its regulation in a highly complex fashion. The CD137 (present in both membrane and soluble forms) and the CD137 ligand (CD137L) both signal into a variety of immune cells (bi-directional signaling). The overall outcome of these multitudinous effects (either tolerance or autoimmunity) depends upon the balance between the regulatory signals (predominantly mediated by soluble CD137 via the CD137L pathway) and the effector signals (mediated by both membrane-bound CD137 and CD137L). This immune balance/homeostasis can be decisively affected by genetic (susceptibility vs. resistant alleles) and environmental factors (stimulation of soluble CD137 production). The discovery of the homeostatic immune effect of soluble CD137 on the CD137-CD137L system makes it a promising candidate for immunotherapy to restore tolerance in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Rojas
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Doctoral Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Luke S. Heuer
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Weici Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Yi-Guang Chen
- The Max McGee Research Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Children’s Research Institute of Children’s Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - William M. Ridgway
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: William M. Ridgway,
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13
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Pichler AC, Cannons JL, Schwartzberg PL. The Road Less Taken: Less Appreciated Pathways for Manipulating CD8 + T Cell Exhaustion. Front Immunol 2022; 13:926714. [PMID: 35874734 PMCID: PMC9297918 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.926714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exhausted CD8+ T (Tex) cells are a distinct cell population that arise during persistent antigen exposure in the context of chronic infections and cancers. Although characterized by progressive loss of effector functions, high and sustained inhibitory receptor expression and distinct transcriptional and epigenetic programs, Tex cells are heterogeneous. Among these, a self-renewing TCF-1+ Tex population, having unique characteristics and the ability to respond to immune-checkpoint blockade, gives rise to TCF-1- terminally Tex cells. These TCF-1+ cells have stem cell-like properties similar to memory T cell populations, but the signals that regulate the developmental pathways and relationships among exhausted cell populations are still unclear. Here, we review our current understanding of Tex cell biology, and discuss some less appreciated molecules and pathways affecting T cell exhaustion. We highlight two co-stimulatory receptors, CD226 and CD137, and their role in inducing or restraining T cell exhaustion, as well as signaling pathways that may be amenable to pharmacological inhibition with a focus on Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase and IL-2 partial agonists. Finally, we discuss novel methods that may increase TCF-1+ populations and therefore improve immunotherapy responsiveness. Understanding features of and pathways to exhaustion has important implications for the success of immunotherapy, including checkpoint blockade and adoptive T-cell transfer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C. Pichler
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jennifer L. Cannons
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Pamela L. Schwartzberg
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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14
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Merlo LMF, Peng W, Mandik-Nayak L. Impact of IDO1 and IDO2 on the B Cell Immune Response. Front Immunol 2022; 13:886225. [PMID: 35493480 PMCID: PMC9043893 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.886225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)1 and IDO2 are closely related tryptophan catabolizing enzymes that have immunomodulatory properties. Although initially studied as modifiers of T cell activity, emerging evidence suggests IDO1 and IDO2 also have important roles as modulators of B cell function. In this context, IDO1 and IDO2 appear to play opposite roles, with IDO1 inhibiting and IDO2 driving inflammatory B cell responses. In this mini review, we discuss the evidence for IDO1 and IDO2 modulation of B cell function, focusing on the effect of these enzymes on autoimmunity, allergic responses, protective immunity, and response to pathogens. We summarize strategies to target IDO1 and/or IDO2 as potential therapeutics for inflammatory autoimmune disease and highlight outstanding questions and areas that require future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M F Merlo
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, United States
| | - Weidan Peng
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, United States
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15
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Packialakshmi B, Hira S, Lund K, Zhang AH, Halterman J, Feng Y, Scott DW, Lees JR, Zhou X. NFAT5 contributes to the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and decrease of T regulatory cells in female mice. Cell Immunol 2022; 375:104515. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Guo AL, Zhao JF, Gao L, Huang HH, Zhang JY, Zhang C, Song JW, Xu RN, Fan X, Shi M, Jiao YM, Wang FS. HIV-1-Specific CD11c + CD8 + T Cells Display Low PD-1 Expression and Strong Anti-HIV-1 Activity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:757457. [PMID: 34721433 PMCID: PMC8554207 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.757457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exhaustion of HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells prevents optimal control of HIV-1 infection. Identifying unconventional CD8+ T cell subsets to effectively control HIV-1 replication is vital. In this study, the role of CD11c+ CD8+ T cells during HIV-1 infection was evaluated. The frequencies of CD11c+ CD8+ T cells significantly increased and were negatively correlated with viral load in HIV-1-infected treatment-naïve patients. HIV-1-specific cells were enriched more in CD11c+ CD8+ T cells than in CD11c- CD8+ T cells, which could be induced by HIV-1-derived overlapping peptides, marking an HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cell population. This subset expressed higher levels of activating markers (CD38 and HLA-DR), cytotoxic markers (granzyme B, perforin, and CD107a), and cytokines (IL-2 and TNF-α), with lower levels of PD-1 compared to the CD11c- CD8+ T cell subset. In vitro analysis verified that CD11c+ CD8+ T cells displayed a stronger HIV-1-specific killing capacity than the CD11c- counterparts. These findings indicate that CD11c+ CD8+ T cells have potent immunotherapeutic efficacy in controlling HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Liang Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Fang Zhao
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China.,Department of Microbiology & Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Huang Huang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Yuan Zhang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Wen Song
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ruo-Nan Xu
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Fan
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Shi
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Mei Jiao
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
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17
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Austin-Williams S, Hussain MT, Oggero S, Norling LV. Enhancing extracellular vesicles for therapeutic treatment of arthritic joints. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 175:80-94. [PMID: 34461260 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are small membrane-derived packages of information that are released from virtually all cell types. These nano-packages contain regulatory material including proteins, lipids, mRNA and microRNA and are a key mechanism of paracellular communication within a given microenvironment. Encompassed with a lipid bilayer, these organelles have been attributed numerous roles in regulating both physiological and pathological functions. Herein, we describe the role of EVs in the context of Rheumatoid and Osteoarthritis and explore how they could be harnessed to treat inflammatory and degenerative joint conditions. These structures offer a promising therapeutic strategy for treating musculoskeletal diseases due to their bioactive content, stability, small size and intrinsic ability to enter the avascular cartilage, a notoriously challenging tissue to target. We also discuss how EVs can be manipulated to load therapeutic cargo or present additional targeting moieties to enhance their beneficial actions and tissue regenerative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani Austin-Williams
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed T Hussain
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Oggero
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy V Norling
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom; Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
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18
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Jin J, Jung IH, Moon SH, Jeon S, Jeong SJ, Sonn SK, Seo S, Lee MN, Song EJ, Kweon HY, Kim S, Kim TK, Kim J, Cho HR, Choi JH, Kwon B, Oh GT. CD137 Signaling Regulates Acute Colitis via RALDH2-Expressing CD11b -CD103 + DCs. Cell Rep 2021; 30:4124-4136.e5. [PMID: 32209473 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.02.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CD137, a potent costimulatory receptor for CD8+ T cells, is expressed in various non-T cells, but little is known about its regulatory functions in these cells. In this study, we show that CD137 signaling, specifically in intestinal CD11b-CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs), restricts acute colitis progression. Mechanistically, CD137 engagement activates TAK1 and subsequently stimulates the AMPK-PGC-1α axis to enhance expression of the Aldh1a2 gene encoding the retinoic acid (RA) metabolizing enzyme RALDH2. RA can act on CD11b+CD103- DCs and induce SOCS3 expression, which, in turn, suppresses p38MAPK activation and interleukin-23 (IL-23) production. Administration of RA in DC-specific CD137-/- mice represses IL-23-producing CD11b+CD103- DCs and TH17 cells, indicating that RA is a major inhibitory effector molecule against intestinal CD11b+CD103- DCs. Additionally, the therapeutic effect of the anti-CD137 antibody is abrogated in DC-specific CD137-/- mice. Taken together, our results define a mechanism of paracrine immunoregulation operating between adjacent DC subsets in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - In-Hyuk Jung
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shin Hye Moon
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - Sejin Jeon
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Jeong
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Seong-Keun Sonn
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - Seungwoon Seo
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - Mi-Ni Lee
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - Eun Ju Song
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - Hyae Yon Kweon
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - Sinai Kim
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - Tae Kyeong Kim
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - Juyang Kim
- School of Biological Sciences and Biomedical Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
| | - Hong Rae Cho
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Choi
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
| | - Byungsuk Kwon
- School of Biological Sciences and Biomedical Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea.
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea.
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19
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Harro CM, Perez-Sanz J, Costich TL, Payne KK, Anadon CM, Chaurio RA, Biswas S, Mandal G, Rigolizzo KE, Sprenger KB, Mine JA, Showe LC, Yu X, Liu K, Rodriguez PC, Pinilla-Ibarz J, Sokol L, Conejo-Garcia JR. Methyltransferase inhibitors restore SATB1 protective activity against cutaneous T cell lymphoma in mice. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:135711. [PMID: 33270606 PMCID: PMC7843215 DOI: 10.1172/jci135711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) has a poorly understood etiology and no known cure. Using conditional knockout mice, we found that ablation of the genomic organizer special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (Satb1) caused malignant transformation of mature, skin-homing, Notch-activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells into progressively fatal lymphoma. Mechanistically, Satb1 restrained Stat5 phosphorylation and the expression of skin-homing chemokine receptors in mature T cells. Notably, methyltransferase-dependent epigenetic repression of SATB1 was universally found in human Sézary syndrome, but not in other peripheral T cell malignancies. H3K27 and H3K9 trimethylation occluded the SATB1 promoter in Sézary cells, while inhibition of SUV39H1/2 methyltransferases (unlike EZH2 inhibition) restored protective SATB1 expression and selectively abrogated the growth of primary Sézary cells more effectively than romidepsin. Therefore, inhibition of methyltransferases that silence SATB1 could address an unmet need for patients with mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome, a set of incurable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly M. Harro
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, and
- Cancer Biology PhD Program, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, and H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jairo Perez-Sanz
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Tara Lee Costich
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Kyle K. Payne
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Carmen M. Anadon
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Ricardo A. Chaurio
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Subir Biswas
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Gunjan Mandal
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Kristen E. Rigolizzo
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Kimberly B. Sprenger
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jessica A. Mine
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Louise C. Showe
- Molecular & Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Yu
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Kebin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Paulo C. Rodriguez
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Jose R. Conejo-Garcia
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
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20
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Choi BK, Lee HW. The Murine CD137/CD137 Ligand Signalosome: A Signal Platform Generating Signal Complexity. Front Immunol 2020; 11:553715. [PMID: 33362756 PMCID: PMC7758191 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.553715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CD137, a member of the TNFR family, is a costimulatory receptor, and CD137L, a member of the TNF family, is its ligand. Studies using CD137- and CD137L-deficient mice and antibodies against CD137 and CD137L have revealed the diverse and paradoxical effects of these two proteins in various cancers, autoimmunity, infections, and inflammation. Both their cellular diversity and their spatiotemporal expression patterns indicate that they mediate complex immune responses. This intricacy is further enhanced by the bidirectional signal transduction events that occur when these two proteins interact in various types of immune cells. Here, we review the biology of murine CD137/CD137L, particularly, the complexity of their proximal signaling pathways, and speculate on their roles in immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom K Choi
- Biomedicine Production Branch, Program for Immunotherapy Research, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Woo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Graduate School, Institute of Oral Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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21
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Heidari F, Ramezani A, Erfani N, Razmkhah M. Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase: A Professional Immunomodulator and Its Potential Functions in Immune Related Diseases. Int Rev Immunol 2020; 41:346-363. [DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2020.1836176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Heidari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amin Ramezani
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasrollah Erfani
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Razmkhah
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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22
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Zizzari IG, Napoletano C, Di Filippo A, Botticelli A, Gelibter A, Calabrò F, Rossi E, Schinzari G, Urbano F, Pomati G, Scagnoli S, Rughetti A, Caponnetto S, Marchetti P, Nuti M. Exploratory Pilot Study of Circulating Biomarkers in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092620. [PMID: 32937860 PMCID: PMC7563741 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The identification of biomarkers in response to therapeutic treatment is one of the main objectives of personalized oncology. Predictive biomarkers are particularly relevant for oncologists challenged by the busy scenario of possible therapeutic options in mRCC patients, including immunotherapy and TKIs. In fact the activation of the immune system can determine the outcome and success of the different therapeutic strategies. In this study we evaluated changes in the immune system of TKI mRCC-treated patients defining immunological profiles related to response characterized by specific biomarkers. The validation of the proposed immune portrait to an extended number of patients could allow characterization and selection of responsive and non-responsive patients from the beginning of the therapeutic process. Abstract With the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and next-generation vascular endothelial growth factor receptor–tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR–TKIs), the survival of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has improved remarkably. However, not all patients have benefited from treatments, and to date, there are still no validated biomarkers that can be included in the therapeutic algorithm. Thus, the identification of predictive biomarkers is necessary to increase the number of responsive patients and to understand the underlying immunity. The clinical outcome of RCC patients is, in fact, associated with immune response. In this exploratory pilot study, we assessed the immune effect of TKI therapy in order to evaluate the immune status of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients so that we could define a combination of immunological biomarkers relevant to improving patient outcomes. We profiled the circulating levels in 20 mRCC patients of exhausted/activated/regulatory T cell subsets through flow cytometry and of 14 immune checkpoint-related proteins and 20 inflammation cytokines/chemokines using multiplex Luminex assay, both at baseline and during TKI therapy. We identified the CD3+CD8+CD137+ and CD3+CD137+PD1+ T cell populations, as well as seven soluble immune molecules (i.e., IFNγ, sPDL2, sHVEM, sPD1, sGITR, sPDL1, and sCTLA4) associated with the clinical responses of mRCC patients, either modulated by TKI therapy or not. These results suggest an immunological profile of mRCC patients, which will help to improve clinical decision-making for RCC patients in terms of the best combination of strategies, as well as the optimal timing and therapeutic sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Grazia Zizzari
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Department of Experimental Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (I.G.Z.); (A.D.F.); (A.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Chiara Napoletano
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Department of Experimental Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (I.G.Z.); (A.D.F.); (A.R.); (M.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-064-997-3025
| | - Alessandra Di Filippo
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Department of Experimental Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (I.G.Z.); (A.D.F.); (A.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Andrea Botticelli
- Division of Oncology, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (A.G.); (F.U.); (G.P.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Alain Gelibter
- Division of Oncology, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (A.G.); (F.U.); (G.P.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Fabio Calabrò
- Division of Medical Oncology B, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital Rome, 00149 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ernesto Rossi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico A.Gemelli Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Giovanni Schinzari
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico A.Gemelli Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Federica Urbano
- Division of Oncology, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (A.G.); (F.U.); (G.P.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Giulia Pomati
- Division of Oncology, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (A.G.); (F.U.); (G.P.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Simone Scagnoli
- Division of Oncology, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (A.G.); (F.U.); (G.P.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Aurelia Rughetti
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Department of Experimental Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (I.G.Z.); (A.D.F.); (A.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Salvatore Caponnetto
- Division of Oncology, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (A.G.); (F.U.); (G.P.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- Division of Oncology, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (A.G.); (F.U.); (G.P.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (P.M.)
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Ospedale Sant’Andrea, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Nuti
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Department of Experimental Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (I.G.Z.); (A.D.F.); (A.R.); (M.N.)
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An Agonistic Anti-CD137 Antibody Disrupts Lymphoid Follicle Structure and T-Cell-Dependent Antibody Responses. CELL REPORTS MEDICINE 2020; 1. [PMID: 32699843 PMCID: PMC7375459 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
CD137 is a costimulatory receptor expressed on natural killer cells, T cells, and subsets of dendritic cells. An agonistic monoclonal antibody (mAb) against CD137 has been used to reduce tumor burden or reverse autoimmunity in animal models and clinical trials. Here, we show that mice treated with an agonistic anti-CD137 mAb have reduced numbers of germinal center (GC) B cells and follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in lymphoid tissues, which impair antibody responses to multiple T-cell-dependent antigens, including infectious virus, viral proteins, and conjugated haptens. These effects are not due to enhanced apoptosis or impaired proliferation of B cells but instead correlate with changes in lymphoid follicle structure and GC B cell dispersal and are mediated by CD137 signaling in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Our experiments in mice suggest that agonistic anti-CD137 mAbs used in cancer and autoimmunity therapy may impair long-term antibody and B cell memory responses. Anti-CD137 antibody impairs B cell responses during chikungunya virus infection Anti-CD137 antibody impairs T-cell-dependent antibody responses to subunit vaccines Anti-CD137 antibody alters lymphoid follicle structure during virus infection Enhanced CD137 signaling in T cells results in defects in germinal B cell responses
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24
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Luu K, Shao Z, Schwarz H. The relevance of soluble CD137 in the regulation of immune responses and for immunotherapeutic intervention. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 107:731-738. [PMID: 32052477 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2mr1119-224r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD137 is a potent costimulatory receptor. Several agonistic anti-CD137 antibodies are currently in clinical trials for tumor immunotherapy. Soluble forms of CD137 (sCD137) are generated by differential splicing and antagonize the activities of membrane-bound CD137 (mCD137) and of therapeutic CD137 agonists. sCD137 is found in sera of patients suffering from autoimmune diseases where it is a natural regulator of immune responses, and which has therapeutic potential for immune-mediated diseases. This review summarizes the current knowledge on sCD137, highlights its potential role in immunotherapy against cancer and in autoimmune diseases, and presents important issues to be addressed by future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khang Luu
- Department of Physiology, and Immunology Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhe Shao
- Department of Physiology, and Immunology Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Herbert Schwarz
- Department of Physiology, and Immunology Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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25
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Miki H, Han KH, Scott D, Croft M, Kang YJ. 4-1BBL Regulates the Polarization of Macrophages, and Inhibition of 4-1BBL Signaling Alleviates Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:1892-1903. [PMID: 32041783 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
4-1BBL, a member of the TNF superfamily, regulates the sustained production of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages triggered by TLR signaling. In this study, we have investigated the role of 4-1BBL in macrophage metabolism and polarization and in skin inflammation using a model of imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice. Genetic ablation or blocking of 4-1BBL signaling by Ab or 4-1BB-Fc alleviated the pathology of psoriasis by regulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines associated with macrophage activation and regulated the polarization of macrophages in vitro. We further linked this result with macrophage by finding that 4-1BBL expression during the immediate TLR response was dependent on glycolysis, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid metabolism, whereas the late-phase 4-1BBL-mediated sustained inflammatory response was dependent on glycolysis and fatty acid synthesis. Correlating with this, administration of a fatty acid synthase inhibitor, cerulenin, also alleviated the pathology of psoriasis. We further found that 4-1BBL-mediated psoriasis development is independent of its receptor 4-1BB, as a deficiency of 4-1BB augmented the severity of psoriasis linked to a reduced regulatory T cell population and increased IL-17A expression in γδ T cells. Additionally, coblocking of 4-1BBL signaling and IL-17A activity additively ameliorated psoriasis. Taken together, 4-1BBL signaling regulates macrophage polarization and contributes to imiquimod-induced psoriasis by sustaining inflammation, providing a possible avenue for psoriasis treatment in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Miki
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Kyung Ho Han
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - David Scott
- Cancer Metabolism Core, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Michael Croft
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037; .,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Young Jun Kang
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037; and .,Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, CA 94085
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26
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Comprehensive analysis of tumor necrosis factor receptor TNFRSF9 (4-1BB) DNA methylation with regard to molecular and clinicopathological features, immune infiltrates, and response prediction to immunotherapy in melanoma. EBioMedicine 2020; 52:102647. [PMID: 32028068 PMCID: PMC6997575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy, including checkpoint inhibition, has remarkably improved prognosis in advanced melanoma. Despite this success, acquired resistance is still a major challenge. The T cell costimulatory receptor TNFRSF9 (also known as 4-1BB and CD137) is a promising new target for immunotherapy and two agonistic antibodies are currently tested in clinical trials. However, little is known about epigenetic regulation of the encoding gene. In this study we investigate a possible correlation of TNFRSF9 DNA methylation with gene expression, clinicopathological parameters, molecular and immune correlates, and response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy to assess the validity of TNFRSF9 methylation to serve as a biomarker. METHODS We performed a correlation analyses of methylation at twelve CpG sites within TNFRSF9 with regard to transcriptional activity, immune cell infiltration, mutation status, and survival in a cohort of N = 470 melanoma patients obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Furthermore, we used quantitative methylation-specific PCR to confirm correlations in a cohort of N = 115 melanoma patients' samples (UHB validation cohort). Finally, we tested the ability of TNFRSF9 methylation and expression to predict progression-free survival (PFS) and response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in a cohort comprised of N = 121 patients (mRNA transcription), (mRNA ICB cohort) and a case-control study including N = 48 patients (DNA methylation, UHB ICB cohort). FINDINGS We found a significant inverse correlation between TNFRSF9 DNA methylation and mRNA expression levels at six of twelve analyzed CpG sites (P ≤ 0.005), predominately located in the promoter flank region. Consistent with its role as costimulatory receptor in immune cells, TNFRSF9 mRNA expression and hypomethylation positively correlated with immune cell infiltrates and an interferon-γ signature. Furthermore, elevated TNFRSF9 mRNA expression and TNFRSF9 hypomethylation correlated with superior overall survival. In patients receiving anti-PD-1 immunotherapy (mRNA ICB cohort), we found that TNFRSF9 hypermethylation and reduced mRNA expression correlated with poor PFS and response. INTERPRETATION Our study suggests that TNFRSF9 mRNA expression is regulated via DNA methylation. The observed correlations between TNFRSF9 DNA methylation or mRNA expression with known features of response to immune checkpoint blockage suggest TNFRSF9 methylation could serve as a biomarker in the context of immunotherapies. Concordantly, we identified a correlation between TNFRSF9 DNA methylation and mRNA expression with disease progression in patients under immunotherapy. Our study provides rationale for further investigating TNFRSF9 DNA methylation as a predictive biomarker for response to immunotherapy. FUNDING AF was partly funded by the Mildred Scheel Foundation. SF received funding from the University Hospital Bonn BONFOR program (O-105.0069). DN was funded in part by DFG Cluster of Excellence ImmunoSensation (EXC 1023). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, interpretation, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript; or any aspect pertinent to the study.
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27
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Liao P, Wang H, Tang YL, Tang YJ, Liang XH. The Common Costimulatory and Coinhibitory Signaling Molecules in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2457. [PMID: 31708918 PMCID: PMC6819372 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are closely linked with immunosuppression, accompanied by complex immune cell functional activities. The abnormal competition between costimulatory and coinhibitory signal molecules plays an important role in the malignant progression of HNSCC. This review will summarize the features of costimulatory molecules (including CD137, OX40 as well as CD40) and coinhibitory molecules (including CTLA-4, PD-1, LAG3, and TIM3), analyze the underlying mechanism behind these molecules' regulation of the progression of HNSCC, and introduce the clinic application. Vaccines, such as those targeting STING while working synergistically with monoclonal antibodies, are also discussed. A deep understanding of the tumor immune landscape will help find new and improved tumor immunotherapy for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haofan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Jie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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28
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Gualdoni GS, Jacobo PV, Sobarzo CM, Pérez CV, Matzkin ME, Höcht C, Frungieri MB, Hill M, Anegon I, Lustig L, Guazzone VA. Role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in testicular immune-privilege. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15919. [PMID: 31685866 PMCID: PMC6828782 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52192-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Male meiotic germ cell including the spermatozoa represent a great challenge to the immune system, as they appear long after the establishment of normal immune tolerance mechanisms. The capacity of the testes to tolerate autoantigenic germ cells as well as survival of allogeneic organ engrafted in the testicular interstitium have led to consider the testis an immunologically privileged site. Disruption of this immune privilege following trauma, tumor, or autoimmune orchitis often results in male infertility. Strong evidence indicates that indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) has been implicated in fetal and allograft tolerance, tumor immune resistance, and regulation of autoimmune diseases. IDO and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) catalyze the same rate-limiting step of tryptophan metabolism along a common pathway, which leads to tryptophan starvation and generation of catabolites collectively known as kynurenines. However, the relevance of tryptophan metabolism in testis pathophysiology has not yet been explored. Here we assessed the in vivo role of IDO/TDO in experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO), a model of autoimmune testicular inflammation and immunologically impaired spermatogenesis. EAO was induced in adult Wistar rats with testicular homogenate and adjuvants. Control (C) rats injected with saline and adjuvants and normal untreated rats (N) were also studied. mRNA expression of IDO decreased in whole testes and in isolated Sertoli cells during EAO. TDO and IDO localization and level of expression in the testis were analyzed by immunostaining and Western blot. TDO is expressed in granulomas from EAO rats, and similar protein levels were observed in N, C, and EAO groups. IDO was detected in mononuclear and endothelial cells and reduced IDO expression was detected in EAO group compared to N and C rats. This phenomenon was concomitant with a significant reduction of IDO activity in EAO testis measured by tryptophan and kynurenine concentrations (HPLC). Finally, in vivo inhibition of IDO with 1-methyl-tryptophan increased severity of the disease, demonstrating down regulation of IDO-based tolerance when testicular immune regulation was disrupted. We present evidence that an IDO-based mechanism is involved in testicular immune privilege.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela S Gualdoni
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología/Unidad Académica II., Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Facultad de Medicina, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina
| | - Patricia V Jacobo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología/Unidad Académica II., Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Facultad de Medicina, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina
| | - Cristian M Sobarzo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología/Unidad Académica II., Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Facultad de Medicina, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina
| | - Cecilia V Pérez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Facultad de Medicina, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina
| | - María E Matzkin
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Christian Höcht
- Cátedra de Farmacología. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, UBA, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina
| | - Mónica B Frungieri
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Hill
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Inflammation, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Immunobiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Inserm, Université de Nantes, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Nantes, France, INSERM UMR 1064, France
| | - Livia Lustig
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología/Unidad Académica II., Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Facultad de Medicina, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina
| | - Vanesa A Guazzone
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología/Unidad Académica II., Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina. .,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Facultad de Medicina, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina.
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29
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Immune checkpoint molecules. Possible future therapeutic implications in autoimmune diseases. J Autoimmun 2019; 104:102333. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Xu X, Li T, Shen S, Wang J, Abdou P, Gu Z, Mo R. Advances in Engineering Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:7889-7905. [PMID: 31695806 PMCID: PMC6831467 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy aims to utilize the host immune system to kill cancer cells. Recent representative immunotherapies include T-cell transfer therapies, such as chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy, antibody-based immunomodulator therapies, such as immune checkpoint blockade therapy, and cytokine therapies. Recently developed therapies leveraging engineered cells for immunotherapy against cancers have been reported to enhance antitumor efficacy while reducing side effects. Such therapies range from biologically, chemically and physically -engineered cells to bioinspired and biomimetic nanomedicines. In this review, advances of engineering cells for cancer immunotherapy are summarized, and prospects of this field are discussed.
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31
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Sheng H, Marrero I, Maricic I, Fanchiang SS, Zhang S, Sant'Angelo DB, Kumar V. Distinct PLZF +CD8αα + Unconventional T Cells Enriched in Liver Use a Cytotoxic Mechanism to Limit Autoimmunity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2019; 203:2150-2162. [PMID: 31554695 PMCID: PMC6783388 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic immune system is uniquely challenged to mount a controlled effector response to pathogens while maintaining tolerance to diet and microbial Ags. We have identified a novel population of innate-like, unconventional CD8αα+TCRαβ+ T cells in naive mice and in human peripheral blood, called CD8αα Tunc, capable of controlling effector T cell responses. They are NK1.1+ (CD161+ in human), express NK-inhibitory receptors, and express the promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) transcription factor that distinguishes them from conventional CD8+ T cells. These cells display a cytotoxic phenotype and use a perforin-dependent mechanism to control Ag-induced or T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. CD8αα Tunc are dependent upon IL-15/IL-2Rβ signaling and PLZF for their development and/or survival. They are Foxp3-negative and their regulatory activity is associated with a functionally distinct Qa-1b-dependent population coexpressing CD11c and CD244. A polyclonal TCR repertoire, an activated/memory phenotype, and the presence of CD8αα Tunc in NKT- and in MAIT-deficient as well as in germ-free mice indicates that these cells recognize diverse self-protein Ags. Our studies reveal a distinct population of unconventional CD8+ T cells within the natural immune repertoire capable of controlling autoimmunity and also providing a new target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Sheng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, San Diego, CA 92121; and
| | - Idania Marrero
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, San Diego, CA 92121; and
| | - Igor Maricic
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, San Diego, CA 92121; and
| | - Shaohsuan S Fanchiang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, San Diego, CA 92121; and
| | - Sai Zhang
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | | | - Vipin Kumar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;
- Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, San Diego, CA 92121; and
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32
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Taechangam N, Iyer SS, Walker NJ, Arzi B, Borjesson DL. Mechanisms utilized by feline adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to inhibit T lymphocyte proliferation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:188. [PMID: 31238978 PMCID: PMC6593543 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1300-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Feline adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have been successfully used in clinical trials for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases with T cell dysregulation. However, the immunomodulatory pathways utilized by feline ASCs to suppress T cell activation have not been fully determined. We investigated the mechanisms used by feline ASCs to inhibit T cell proliferation, including the soluble factors and the cell-cell contact ligands responsible for ASC-T cell interaction. METHODS The immunomodulatory activity of feline ASCs was evaluated via cell cycle analysis and in vitro mixed leukocyte reaction using specific immunomodulatory inhibitors. Cell-cell interactions were assessed with static adhesion assays, also with inhibitors. RESULTS Feline ASCs decrease T cell proliferation by causing cell cycle arrest in G0-G1. Blocking prostaglandin (PGE2), but not IDO, partially restored lymphocyte proliferation. Although PDL-1 and CD137L are both expressed on activated feline ASCs, only the interaction of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1, CD54) with its ligand, lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1, CD11a/CD18), was responsible for ASC-T cell adhesion. Blocking this interaction reduced cell-cell adhesion and mediator (IFN-γ) secretion and signaling. CONCLUSIONS Feline ASCs utilize PGE2 and ICAM-1/LFA-1 ligand interaction to inhibit T cell proliferation with a resultant cell cycle arrest in G0-G1. These data further elucidate the mechanisms by which feline ASCs interact with T cells, help define appropriate T cell-mediated disease targets in cats that may be amenable to ASC therapy, and may also inform potential translational models for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nopmanee Taechangam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vet Med 3A, University of California, 1285 Veterinary Medicine Mall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Smita S Iyer
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vet Med 3A, University of California, 1285 Veterinary Medicine Mall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Naomi J Walker
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vet Med 3A, University of California, 1285 Veterinary Medicine Mall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Boaz Arzi
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Dori L Borjesson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vet Med 3A, University of California, 1285 Veterinary Medicine Mall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. .,Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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33
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Romano JD, Tatonetti NP. Informatics and Computational Methods in Natural Product Drug Discovery: A Review and Perspectives. Front Genet 2019; 10:368. [PMID: 31114606 PMCID: PMC6503039 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of new pharmaceutical drugs is one of the preeminent tasks-scientifically, economically, and socially-in biomedical research. Advances in informatics and computational biology have increased productivity at many stages of the drug discovery pipeline. Nevertheless, drug discovery has slowed, largely due to the reliance on small molecules as the primary source of novel hypotheses. Natural products (such as plant metabolites, animal toxins, and immunological components) comprise a vast and diverse source of bioactive compounds, some of which are supported by thousands of years of traditional medicine, and are largely disjoint from the set of small molecules used commonly for discovery. However, natural products possess unique characteristics that distinguish them from traditional small molecule drug candidates, requiring new methods and approaches for assessing their therapeutic potential. In this review, we investigate a number of state-of-the-art techniques in bioinformatics, cheminformatics, and knowledge engineering for data-driven drug discovery from natural products. We focus on methods that aim to bridge the gap between traditional small-molecule drug candidates and different classes of natural products. We also explore the current informatics knowledge gaps and other barriers that need to be overcome to fully leverage these compounds for drug discovery. Finally, we conclude with a "road map" of research priorities that seeks to realize this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D. Romano
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nicholas P. Tatonetti
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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34
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Rostamzadeh D, Haghshenas MR, Daryanoosh F, Samadi M, Hosseini A, Ghaderi A, Mojtahedi Z, Babaloo Z. Altered frequency of CD8
+
CD11c
+
T cells and expression of immunosuppressive molecules in lymphoid organs of mouse model of colorectal cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:11986-11998. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davood Rostamzadeh
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Haghshenas
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Samadi
- Department of Sports Sciences Shiraz University Shiraz Iran
| | - Ahmad Hosseini
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Abbas Ghaderi
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Zahra Mojtahedi
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Zohreh Babaloo
- Immunology Unit, Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Head of Immunology Department Medicine Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
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35
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Kumar P, Bhattacharya P, Prabhakar BS. A comprehensive review on the role of co-signaling receptors and Treg homeostasis in autoimmunity and tumor immunity. J Autoimmun 2018; 95:77-99. [PMID: 30174217 PMCID: PMC6289740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The immune system ensures optimum T-effector (Teff) immune responses against invading microbes and tumor antigens while preventing inappropriate autoimmune responses against self-antigens with the help of T-regulatory (Treg) cells. Thus, Treg and Teff cells help maintain immune homeostasis through mutual regulation. While Tregs can contribute to tumor immune evasion by suppressing anti-tumor Teff response, loss of Treg function can result in Teff responses against self-antigens leading to autoimmune disease. Thus, loss of homeostatic balance between Teff/Treg cells is often associated with both cancer and autoimmunity. Co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory receptors, collectively known as co-signaling receptors, play an indispensable role in the regulation of Teff and Treg cell expansion and function and thus play critical roles in modulating autoimmune and anti-tumor immune responses. Over the past three decades, considerable efforts have been made to understand the biology of co-signaling receptors and their role in immune homeostasis. Mutations in co-inhibitory receptors such as CTLA4 and PD1 are associated with Treg dysfunction, and autoimmune diseases in mice and humans. On the other hand, growing tumors evade immune surveillance by exploiting co-inhibitory signaling through expression of CTLA4, PD1 and PDL-1. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) using anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD1 has drawn considerable attention towards co-signaling receptors in tumor immunology and created renewed interest in studying other co-signaling receptors, which until recently have not been as well studied. In addition to co-inhibitory receptors, co-stimulatory receptors like OX40, GITR and 4-1BB have also been widely implicated in immune homeostasis and T-cell stimulation, and use of agonistic antibodies against OX40, GITR and 4-1BB has been effective in causing tumor regression. Although ICB has seen unprecedented success in cancer treatment, autoimmune adverse events arising from ICB due to loss of Treg homeostasis poses a major obstacle. Herein, we comprehensively review the role of various co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory receptors in Treg biology and immune homeostasis, autoimmunity, and anti-tumor immunity. Furthermore, we discuss the autoimmune adverse events arising upon targeting these co-signaling receptors to augment anti-tumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakaran Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois-College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Palash Bhattacharya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois-College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bellur S Prabhakar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois-College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Associate Dean for Technological Innovation and Training, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Room E-705, (M/C 790), 835 S. Wolcott Ave, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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36
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Lu Y, Li C, Du S, Chen X, Zeng X, Liu F, Chen Y, Chen J. 4-1BB Signaling Promotes Alveolar Macrophages-Mediated Pro-Fibrotic Responses and Crystalline Silica-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1848. [PMID: 30250465 PMCID: PMC6139304 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is caused by exposure to crystalline silica (CS). We have previously shown that blocking 4-1BB signaling attenuated CS-induced inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. However, the cells that express 4-1BB, which plays a vital role in promoting fibrosis, are still unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression of 4-1BB is elevated in alveolar macrophages (AMs) in the lungs of CS-injured mice. CS exposure also markedly enhanced the expression of 4-1BB in macrophage-like, MH-S cells. In these cells, activation of the 4-1BB signaling with an agonist antibody led to upregulated secretion of pro-fibrotic mediators. Consistently, blocking 4-1BB downstream signaling or genetic deletion of 4-1BB alleviated pro-fibrotic responses in vitro, while treatment with a 4-1BB fusion protein promoted pro-fibrotic responses. In vivo experiments showed that blocking 4-1BB signaling decreased the expressions of pro-fibrotic mediators and fibrosis. These data suggest that 4-1BB signaling plays an important role in promoting AMs-mediated pro-fibrotic responses and pulmonary fibrosis. Our findings may provide a potential molecular target to reduce CS-induced fibrotic responses in occupational lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Lu
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chao Li
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Sitong Du
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinning Zeng
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fangwei Liu
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Chakraborty S, Bhattacharjee P, Panda AK, Kajal K, Bose S, Sa G. Providence of the CD25 + KIR + CD127 - FOXP3 - CD8 + T-cell subset determines the dynamics of tumor immune surveillance. Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 96:1035-1048. [PMID: 29768737 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
CD8+ T-regulatory (Treg) cells are emerging as crucial components of immune system. Previous studies have reported the presence of FOXP3+ CD8+ Treg cells, similar to CD4+ Tregs, in cancer patients which produce high levels of the immunosuppressive cytokines, IL10 and TGFβ. At an early stage of tumor development, we have identified a subset of FOXP3- CD8+ CD25+ KIR+ CD127- Treg-like cells, which are IFNγ+ . However, this early-induced CD8+ CD25+ CD127- T-cell subset is certainly distinct from the IFNγ+ CD8+ T-effector cells. These CD8+ CD25+ CD127- T cells express other FOXP3- CD8+ Treg cell signature markers, and can selectively suppress autoreactive HLA-E+ TFH cells as well as tumor-induced CD4+ Treg cells. In contrast to FOXP3+ CD8+ Tregs, this subset does not inhibit effector T-cell proliferation or their functions as they are HLA-E- . Adoptive transfer of this early-CD8+ Treg-like subset restrained tumor growth and inhibited CD4+ Treg generation that impedes the immune surveillance and impairs cancer immunotherapy. At the late stage of tumor development, when CD4+ Treg cells dominate the tumor-microenvironment, CD4+ Tregs mediate the clonal deletion of these tumor-suppressive FOXP3- IFNγ+ CD8+ CD25+ CD127- T cells and ensure tumor immune evasion. Our findings suggest that at an early stage of the tumor, this tumor-induced IFNγ-producing FOXP3- CD8+ CD25+ CD127- T-cell subset can potentiate immune surveillance by targeting HLA-E-restricted CD4+ Treg cells while leaving the effector T-cell population unaffected. Hence, manipulating their profile can open up a new avenue in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreeparna Chakraborty
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata, 700 054, India
| | - Pushpak Bhattacharjee
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata, 700 054, India
| | - Abir K Panda
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata, 700 054, India
| | - Kirti Kajal
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata, 700 054, India
| | - Sayantan Bose
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata, 700 054, India
| | - Gaurisankar Sa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata, 700 054, India
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38
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Samuels JS, Holland L, López M, Meyers K, Cumbie WG, McClain A, Ignatowicz A, Nelson D, Shashidharamurthy R. Prostaglandin E2 and IL-23 interconnects STAT3 and RoRγ pathways to initiate Th17 CD4 + T-cell development during rheumatoid arthritis. Inflamm Res 2018; 67:589-596. [PMID: 29713730 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chronic inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) leads to focal and systemic bone erosion of the joints resulting in a crippling disability. Recent reports indicate an increase in the incidence of RA in the coming years, placing a significant burden on healthcare resources. The incidence of RA is observed to be increasing with age and a significant proportion of those new cases will be aggressively erosive. FINDINGS The altered physiology, due to immune disturbances, contributes towards RA pathogenesis. The imbalance of inflammatory cytokines and non-cytokine immune modulators such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and IL-23-induced pathogenic IL-17, plays a crucial role in persistent inflammation and bone degradation during RA. However, the molecular mechanism of IL-23, a key cytokine, and PGE2 in the development and perpetuation of IL-17 producing effector Th17 cells is poorly understood. CONCLUSION This review focuses on research findings that provide insight into the contribution of PGE2 and IL-23 during the development of pathogenic Th17 cells. We also highlight the key transcriptional factors required for Th17 development and therapeutic strategies to disrupt the interaction between IL-23 and IL-17 to prevent the end-organ damage in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaiya S Samuels
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia Campus, Room 3031, 625 Old Peachtree Road, NW, Suwanee, GA, 30024, USA
| | - Lauren Holland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia Campus, Room 3031, 625 Old Peachtree Road, NW, Suwanee, GA, 30024, USA
| | - María López
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia Campus, Room 3031, 625 Old Peachtree Road, NW, Suwanee, GA, 30024, USA
| | - Keya Meyers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia Campus, Room 3031, 625 Old Peachtree Road, NW, Suwanee, GA, 30024, USA
| | - William G Cumbie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia Campus, Room 3031, 625 Old Peachtree Road, NW, Suwanee, GA, 30024, USA
| | - Anna McClain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia Campus, Room 3031, 625 Old Peachtree Road, NW, Suwanee, GA, 30024, USA
| | - Aleksandra Ignatowicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia Campus, Room 3031, 625 Old Peachtree Road, NW, Suwanee, GA, 30024, USA
| | - Daryllynn Nelson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia Campus, Room 3031, 625 Old Peachtree Road, NW, Suwanee, GA, 30024, USA
| | - Rangaiah Shashidharamurthy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia Campus, Room 3031, 625 Old Peachtree Road, NW, Suwanee, GA, 30024, USA.
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Söderström LÅ, Tarnawski L, Olofsson PS. CD137: A checkpoint regulator involved in atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2018; 272:66-72. [PMID: 29571029 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is associated with atherosclerotic plaque development and precipitation of myocardial infarction and stroke, and anti-inflammatory therapy may reduce disease severity. Costimulatory molecules are key regulators of immune cell activity and inflammation, and are associated with disease development in atherosclerosis. Accumulating evidence indicates that a costimulatory molecule of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor superfamily, the checkpoint regulator CD137, promotes atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation in experimental models. In light of the burgeoning consideration of CD137-targeted therapy in the clinic, it will be important to better understand costimulator immunobiology in development of cardiovascular disease. Here, we review available data on the costimulator CD137 and its potential role in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leif Å Söderström
- Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Tarnawski
- Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peder S Olofsson
- Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Laboratory of Biomedical Science, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Manhasset, NY, USA.
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40
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Co-stimulation Agonists via CD137, OX40, GITR, and CD27 for Immunotherapy of Cancer. Oncoimmunology 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-62431-0_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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41
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Lee J, Park N, Park JY, Kaplan BLF, Pruett SB, Park JW, Park YH, Seo KS. Induction of Immunosuppressive CD8 +CD25 +FOXP3 + Regulatory T Cells by Suboptimal Stimulation with Staphylococcal Enterotoxin C1. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 200:669-680. [PMID: 29237775 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Superantigens (SAgs) produced by Staphylococcus aureus at high concentrations induce proliferation of T cells bearing specific TCR Vβ sequences and massive cytokinemia that cause toxic shock syndrome. However, the biological relevance of SAgs produced at very low concentrations during asymptomatic colonization or chronic infections is not understood. In this study, we demonstrate that suboptimal stimulation of human PBMCs with a low concentration (1 ng/ml) of staphylococcal enterotoxin C1, at which half-maximal T cell proliferation was observed, induced CD8+CD25+ T cells expressing markers related to regulatory T cells (Tregs), such as IFN-γ, IL-10, TGF-β, FOXP3, CD28, CTLA4, TNFR2, CD45RO, and HLA-DR. Importantly, these CD8+CD25+ T cells suppressed responder cell proliferation mediated in contact-dependent and soluble factor-dependent manners, involving galectin-1 and granzymes, respectively. In contrast, optimal stimulation of human PBMCs with a high concentration (1 μg/ml) of staphylococcal enterotoxin C1, at which maximal T cell proliferation was observed, also induced similar expression of markers related to Tregs, including FOXP3 in CD8+CD25+ cells, but these T cells were not functionally immunosuppressive. We further demonstrated that SAg-induced TCR Vβ-restricted and MHC class II-restricted expansion of immunosuppressive CD8+CD25+ T cells is independent of CD4+ T cells. Our results suggest that the concentration of SAg strongly affects the functional characteristics of activated T cells, and low concentrations of SAg produced during asymptomatic colonization or chronic S. aureus infection induce immunosuppressive CD8+ Tregs, potentially promoting colonization, propagation, and invasion of S. aureus in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeun Lee
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - Nogi Park
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - Joo Youn Park
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - Barbara L F Kaplan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - Stephen B Pruett
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - Juw Won Park
- Kentucky Biomedical Research Infrastructure Network Bioinformatics Core, Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292; and
| | - Yong Ho Park
- Department of Microbiology, BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Keun Seok Seo
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762;
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42
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Non-identical twins: Different faces of CR3 and CR4 in myeloid and lymphoid cells of mice and men. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 85:110-121. [PMID: 29174917 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Integrins are cell membrane receptors that are involved in essential physiological and serious pathological processes. Their main role is to ensure a closely regulated link between the extracellular matrix and the intracellular cytoskeletal network enabling cells to react to environmental stimuli. Complement receptor type 3 (CR3, αMβ2, CD11b/CD18) and type 4 (CR4, αXβ2, CD11c/CD18) are members of the β2-integrin family expressed on most white blood cells. Both receptors bind multiple ligands like iC3b, ICAM, fibrinogen or LPS. β2-integrins are accepted to play important roles in cellular adhesion, migration, phagocytosis, ECM rearrangement and inflammation. Several pathological conditions are linked to the impaired functions of these receptors. CR3 and CR4 are generally thought to mediate overlapping functions in monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells, therefore the potential distinctive role of these receptors has not been investigated so far in satisfactory details. Lately it has become clear that a functional segregation has evolved between the two receptors regarding phagocytosis, cellular adhesion and podosome formation. In addition to their tasks on myeloid cells, the expression and function of CR3 and CR4 on lymphocytes have also gained interest recently. The picture is further complicated by the fact that while these β2-integrins are expressed by immune cells both in mice and humans, there are significant differences in their expression level, functions and the pathological consequences of genetic defects. Here we aim to summarize our current knowledge on CR3 and CR4 and highlight the functional differences between these receptors, involving their expression in myeloid and lymphoid cells of both men and mice.
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Mbanwi AN, Lin GH, Wang KC, Watts TH. Constitutive interaction between 4-1BB and 4-1BBL on murine LPS-activated bone marrow dendritic cells masks detection of 4-1BBL by TKS-1 but not 19H3 antibody. J Immunol Methods 2017; 450:81-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ward-Kavanagh LK, Lin WW, Šedý JR, Ware CF. The TNF Receptor Superfamily in Co-stimulating and Co-inhibitory Responses. Immunity 2017; 44:1005-19. [PMID: 27192566 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines related to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) provide a communication network essential for coordinating multiple cell types into an effective host defense system against pathogens and malignant cells. The pathways controlled by the TNF superfamily differentiate both innate and adaptive immune cells and modulate stromal cells into microenvironments conducive to host defenses. Members of the TNF receptor superfamily activate diverse cellular functions from the production of type 1 interferons to the modulation of survival of antigen-activated T cells. Here, we focus attention on the subset of TNF superfamily receptors encoded in the immune response locus in chromosomal region 1p36. Recent studies have revealed that these receptors use diverse mechanisms to either co-stimulate or restrict immune responses. Translation of the fundamental mechanisms of TNF superfamily is leading to the design of therapeutics that can alter pathogenic processes in several autoimmune diseases or promote immunity to tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay K Ward-Kavanagh
- Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Wai Wai Lin
- Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - John R Šedý
- Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Carl F Ware
- Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Abstract
The immune system is guided by a series of checks and balances, a major component of which is a large array of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory pathways that modulate the host response. Although co-stimulation is essential for boosting and shaping the initial response following signaling through the antigen receptor, inhibitory pathways are also critical for modulating the immune response. Excessive co-stimulation and/or insufficient co-inhibition can lead to a breakdown of self-tolerance and thus to autoimmunity. In this review, we will focus on the role of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory pathways in two systemic (systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis) and two organ-specific (multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes) emblematic autoimmune diseases. We will also discuss how mechanistic analysis of these pathways has led to the identification of potential therapeutic targets and initiation of clinical trials for autoimmune diseases, as well as outline some of the challenges that lie ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxia Zhang
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Dario A A Vignali
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Tumor Microenvironment Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.
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46
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Zhang S, Li Z, Zhang R, Li X, Zheng H, Ma Q, Zhang H, Hou W, Zhang F, Wu Y, Sun L, Tian J. Novel CD137 Gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Ischemic Stroke in the Northern Chinese Han Population. Neuromolecular Med 2017; 19:413-422. [DOI: 10.1007/s12017-017-8457-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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47
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Rahman MM, Badruzzaman ATM, Altaf Hossain FM, Husna A, Bari AM, Eo SK. The promise of 4-1BB (CD137) mediated immunomodulation and immunotherapy for viral diseases. Future Virol 2017. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2016-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The T-cell surface receptor, 4-1BB (CD137), has been of increasing interest to immunologists as a co-stimulatory immune checkpoint molecule over the last two decades. Ligation of 4-1BB can activate signals in CD8+ T cells and NK cells, resulting in increased proinflammatory cytokine secretion, cytolytic function and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Targeting 4-1BB, using a 4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL) or agonistic monoclonal antibodies, has delivered a new strategy to fight against cancer, autoimmune diseases and viral infections. In this review, different aspects of 4-1BB mediated antiviral responses, the mechanistic basis of such responses and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Masudur Rahman
- Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - ATM Badruzzaman
- Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Ferdaus Mohd Altaf Hossain
- Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Asmaul Husna
- Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Abusaleh Mahfuzul Bari
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Seong Kug Eo
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
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48
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Danila MI, Laufer VA, Reynolds RJ, Yan Q, Liu N, Gregersen PK, Lee A, Kern M, Langefeld CD, Arnett DK, Bridges SL. Dense Genotyping of Immune-Related Regions Identifies Loci for Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk and Damage in African Americans. Mol Med 2017; 23:177-187. [PMID: 28681901 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2017.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 100 risk loci for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been identified in individuals of European and Asian descent, but the genetic basis for RA in African Americans is less well understood. We genotyped 610 African Americans with autoantibody positive RA and 933 African American controls on the ImmunoChip (iChip) array. Using multivariable regression we evaluated the association between iChip markers and the risk of RA and radiographic severity. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1964995 (OR = 1.97, p = 1.28 × 10-15) near HLA-DRB1 was the most strongly associated risk SNP for RA susceptibility; SNPs in AFF3, TNFSF11, and TNFSF18 loci were suggestively associated (10-4 < p < 3.1 × 10-6). Trans-ethnic fine mapping of AFF3 identified a 90% credible set containing previously studied variants including rs9653442, rs7608424, and rs6712515 as well as the novel candidate variant rs11681966; several of these likely influence AFF3 gene expression level. Variants in TNFRSF9, CTLA4, IL2RA, C5/TRAF1, and ETS1 - but no variants within the major histocompatibility complex - were associated with RA radiographic severity. Conditional regression and pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) analyses suggest that additional pathogenic variants may be found in ETS1 and IL2RA beyond those found in other ethnicities. In summary, we use the dense genotyping of the iChip array and unique LD structure of African Americans to validate known risk loci for RA susceptibility and radiographic severity, and to better characterize the associations of AFF3, ETS1, and IL2RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Danila
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology
| | - Vincent Albert Laufer
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology
| | - Richard J Reynolds
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology
| | - Qi Yan
- University of Pittsburgh, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology; Department of Pediatrics
| | - Nianjun Liu
- Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | | | | | | | | | | | - S Louis Bridges
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology
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Adler AJ, Mittal P, Ryan JM, Zhou B, Wasser JS, Vella AT. Cytokines and metabolic factors regulate tumoricidal T-cell function during cancer immunotherapy. Immunotherapy 2017; 9:71-82. [PMID: 28000531 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2016-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in cancer biology and genetics have fostered precision therapies targeting tumor-specific attributes. Immune-based therapies that elicit cytolytic T cells (CTL) specific for tumor antigens can provide therapeutic benefit to cancer patients, however, cure rates are typically low. This largely results from immunosuppressive mechanisms operating within the tumor microenvironment, many of which inflict metabolic stresses upon CTL. Conversely, immunotherapies can mitigate specific metabolic stressors. For instance, dual costimulation immunotherapy with CD134 (OX40) plus CD137 (4-1BB) agonists appears to mediate tumor control in part by engaging cytokine networks that enable infiltrating CTL to compete for limiting supplies of glucose. Future efforts combining modalities that endow CTL with complimentary metabolic advantages should improve therapeutic efficacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Adler
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Payal Mittal
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Joseph M Ryan
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Beiyan Zhou
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Wasser
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Anthony T Vella
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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50
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Involvement of Host Defense Mechanisms against Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Anhedonic and Despair-Like Behaviors in Mice. Infect Immun 2017; 85:IAI.00007-17. [PMID: 28138019 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00007-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a pathogen relevant to psychiatric disorders. We recently showed that reactivation of chronic T. gondii infection induced depression-like behaviors in mice. Furthermore, it has been hypothesized that depression-like behaviors are mediated via a host defense mechanism against invading pathogens; proximate mechanisms of this behavioral hypothesis remain unclear. In the present study, we investigate the contribution of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), inflammation, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) to anhedonic and despair-related behaviors in T. gondii-infected mice by using sucrose preference and forced-swim tests, respectively. First, we confirmed that BALB/c mice exhibited both sickness and depression-like behaviors during acute infection. Treatment of infected wild-type mice with minocycline (anti-inflammatory drug) abated sickness and anhedonic and despair-like behaviors, whereas in T. gondii-infected mice, treatment normalized kynurenine/tryptophan (Kyn/Trp) ratios in both plasma and brain tissue. Additionally, T. gondii infection failed to induce anhedonic and despair-like behaviors or increase the Kyn/Trp ratio in immunocompromised (IFN-γ-/-) mice, whereas sickness behavior was observed in both immunocompetent and IFN-γ-/- mice following infection. Furthermore, treatment with 1-methyl tryptophan (an IDO inhibitor) did not affect locomotor activity, attenuated clinical scores and anhedonic and despair-like behaviors, and resulted in normal Kyn/Trp ratios in T. gondii-infected wild-type mice. Although low levels of serotonin and dopamine were observed in the brain during acute and chronic infections, anhedonic and despair-like behaviors were not detected in the chronic stage of infection. Collectively, our results demonstrated that immune enhancement in response to infection with T. gondii resulted in IFN-γ production, IDO activation, and inflammation associated with anhedonic and despair-like behaviors.
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