1
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Yang GH, Lin J, Cheung H, Rui G, Zhao Y, Balachander L, Joo T, Lee H, Smith ZP, Zhu L, Ma C, Fink Y. Single Layer Silk and Cotton Woven Fabrics for Acoustic Emission and Active Sound Suppression. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313328. [PMID: 38561634 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Whether intentionally generating acoustic waves or attempting to mitigate unwanted noise, sound control is an area of challenge and opportunity. This study investigates traditional fabrics as emitters and suppressors of sound. When attached to a single strand of a piezoelectric fiber actuator, a silk fabric emits up to 70 dB of sound. Despite the complex fabric structure, vibrometer measurements reveal behavior reminiscent of a classical thin plate. Fabric pore size relative to the viscous boundary layer thickness is found-through comparative fabric analysis-to influence acoustic-emission efficiency. Sound suppression is demonstrated using two distinct mechanisms. In the first, direct acoustic interference is shown to reduce sound by up to 37 dB. The second relies on pacifying the fabric vibrations by the piezoelectric fiber, reducing the amplitude of vibration waves by 95% and attenuating the transmitted sound by up to 75%. Interestingly, this vibration-mediated suppression in principle reduces sound in an unlimited volume. It also allows the acoustic reflectivity of the fabric to be dynamically controlled, increasing by up to 68%. The sound emission and suppression efficiency of a 130 µm silk fabric presents opportunities for sound control in a variety of applications ranging from apparel to transportation to architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace H Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jinuan Lin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Henry Cheung
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Guanchun Rui
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Yongyi Zhao
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Latika Balachander
- Textiles Department, Rhode Island School of Design, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Taigyu Joo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Hyunhee Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Zachary P Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Chu Ma
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Yoel Fink
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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2
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Jeon ES, Lee U, Yoon S, Hur S, Choi H, Han CS. Frequency-Selective, Multi-Channel, Self-Powered Artificial Basilar Membrane Sensor with a Spiral Shape and 24 Critical Bands Inspired by the Human Cochlea. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2400955. [PMID: 38885422 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
A spiral-artificial basilar membrane (S-ABM) sensor is reported that mimics the basilar membrane (BM) of the human cochlea and can detect sound by separating it into 24 sensing channels based on the frequency band. For this, an analytical function is proposed to design the width of the BM so that the frequency bands are linearly located along the length of the BM. To fabricate the S-ABM sensor, a spiral-shaped polyimide film is used as a vibrating membrane, with maximum displacement at locations corresponding to specific frequency bands of sound, and attach piezoelectric sensor modules made of poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) film on top of the polyimide film to measure the vibration amplitude at each channel location. As the result, the S-ABM sensor implements a characteristic frequency band of 96-12,821 Hz and 24-independent critical bands. Using real-time signals from discriminate channels, it is demonstrated that the sensor can rapidly identify the operational noises from equipment processes as well as vehicle sounds from environmental noises on the road. The sensor can be used in a variety of applications, including speech recognition, dangerous situation recognition, hearing aids, and cochlear implants, and more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Seok Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Useung Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongho Yoon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Hur
- Department of Bionic Machinery, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 304-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongsoo Choi
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, DGIST-ETH Microrobot Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), 333, Techno jungang-daero, Hyeonpung-Myeon, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu, 711-873, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Soo Han
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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3
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He Q, Briscoe J. Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Technologies: Synthesis, Mechanisms, and Multifunctional Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:29491-29520. [PMID: 38739105 PMCID: PMC11181286 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Piezoelectric energy harvesters have gained significant attention in recent years due to their ability to convert ambient mechanical vibrations into electrical energy, which opens up new possibilities for environmental monitoring, asset tracking, portable technologies and powering remote "Internet of Things (IoT)" nodes and sensors. This review explores various aspects of piezoelectric energy harvesters, discussing the structural designs and fabrication techniques including inorganic-based energy harvesters (i.e., piezoelectric ceramics and ZnO nanostructures) and organic-based energy harvesters (i.e., polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and its copolymers). The factors affecting the performance and several strategies to improve the efficiency of devices have been also explored. In addition, this review also demonstrated the progress in flexible energy harvesters with integration of flexibility and stretchability for next-generation wearable technologies used for body motion and health monitoring devices. The applications of the above devices to harvest various forms of mechanical energy are explored, as well as the discussion on perspectives and challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinrong He
- School
of Engineering and Material Science, Queen
Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, the United
Kindom
| | - Joe Briscoe
- School
of Engineering and Material Science, Queen
Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, the United
Kindom
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4
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Lee S, Liang X, Kim JS, Yokota T, Fukuda K, Someya T. Permeable Bioelectronics toward Biointegrated Systems. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6543-6591. [PMID: 38728658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Bioelectronics integrates electronics with biological organs, sustaining the natural functions of the organs. Organs dynamically interact with the external environment, managing internal equilibrium and responding to external stimuli. These interactions are crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Additionally, biological organs possess a soft and stretchable nature; encountering objects with differing properties can disrupt their function. Therefore, when electronic devices come into contact with biological objects, the permeability of these devices, enabling interactions and substance exchanges with the external environment, and the mechanical compliance are crucial for maintaining the inherent functionality of biological organs. This review discusses recent advancements in soft and permeable bioelectronics, emphasizing materials, structures, and a wide range of applications. The review also addresses current challenges and potential solutions, providing insights into the integration of electronics with biological organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghoon Lee
- Thin-Film Device Laboratory & Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Xiaoping Liang
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Joo Sung Kim
- Thin-Film Device Laboratory & Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yokota
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Fukuda
- Thin-Film Device Laboratory & Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takao Someya
- Thin-Film Device Laboratory & Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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5
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Lin Z, Duan S, Liu M, Dang C, Qian S, Zhang L, Wang H, Yan W, Zhu M. Insights into Materials, Physics, and Applications in Flexible and Wearable Acoustic Sensing Technology. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306880. [PMID: 38015990 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Sound plays a crucial role in the perception of the world. It allows to communicate, learn, and detect potential dangers, diagnose diseases, and much more. However, traditional acoustic sensors are limited in their form factors, being rigid and cumbersome, which restricts their potential applications. Recently, acoustic sensors have made significant advancements, transitioning from rudimentary forms to wearable devices and smart everyday clothing that can conform to soft, curved, and deformable surfaces or surroundings. In this review, the latest scientific and technological breakthroughs with insightful analysis in materials, physics, design principles, fabrication strategies, functions, and applications of flexible and wearable acoustic sensing technology are comprehensively explored. The new generation of acoustic sensors that can recognize voice, interact with machines, control robots, enable marine positioning and localization, monitor structural health, diagnose human vital signs in deep tissues, and perform organ imaging is highlighted. These innovations offer unique solutions to significant challenges in fields such as healthcare, biomedicine, wearables, robotics, and metaverse. Finally, the existing challenges and future opportunities in the field are addressed, providing strategies to advance acoustic sensing technologies for intriguing real-world applications and inspire new research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shengshun Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Mingyang Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chao Dang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shengtai Qian
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Luxue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hailiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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6
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Ding Y, Jiang J, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Huang Q, Zheng Z. Porous Conductive Textiles for Wearable Electronics. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1535-1648. [PMID: 38373392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Over the years, researchers have made significant strides in the development of novel flexible/stretchable and conductive materials, enabling the creation of cutting-edge electronic devices for wearable applications. Among these, porous conductive textiles (PCTs) have emerged as an ideal material platform for wearable electronics, owing to their light weight, flexibility, permeability, and wearing comfort. This Review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the progress and state of the art of utilizing PCTs for the design and fabrication of a wide variety of wearable electronic devices and their integrated wearable systems. To begin with, we elucidate how PCTs revolutionize the form factors of wearable electronics. We then discuss the preparation strategies of PCTs, in terms of the raw materials, fabrication processes, and key properties. Afterward, we provide detailed illustrations of how PCTs are used as basic building blocks to design and fabricate a wide variety of intrinsically flexible or stretchable devices, including sensors, actuators, therapeutic devices, energy-harvesting and storage devices, and displays. We further describe the techniques and strategies for wearable electronic systems either by hybridizing conventional off-the-shelf rigid electronic components with PCTs or by integrating multiple fibrous devices made of PCTs. Subsequently, we highlight some important wearable application scenarios in healthcare, sports and training, converging technologies, and professional specialists. At the end of the Review, we discuss the challenges and perspectives on future research directions and give overall conclusions. As the demand for more personalized and interconnected devices continues to grow, PCT-based wearables hold immense potential to redefine the landscape of wearable technology and reshape the way we live, work, and play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichun Ding
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jinxing Jiang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yingsi Wu
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yaokang Zhang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Zhou
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Qiyao Huang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
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7
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Strutynski C, Evrard M, Désévédavy F, Gadret G, Jules JC, Brachais CH, Kibler B, Smektala F. 4D Optical fibers based on shape-memory polymers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6561. [PMID: 37848490 PMCID: PMC10582083 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42355-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptative objects based on shape-memory materials are expected to significantly impact numerous technological sectors including optics and photonics. In this work, we demonstrate the manufacturing of shape-memory optical fibers from the thermal stretching of additively manufactured preforms. First, we show how standard commercially-available thermoplastics can be used to produce long continuously-structured microfilaments with shape-memory abilities. Shape recovery as well as programmability performances of such elongated objects are assessed. Next, we open the way for light-guiding multicomponent fiber architectures that are able to switch from temporary configurations back to user-defined programmed shapes. In particular, we show that distinct designs of fabricated optical fibers can maintain efficient light transmission upon completion of multiple temperature-triggered bending/straightening cycles. Such fibers are also programmed into more complex shapes including coils or near 180 ° curvatures for delivering laser light around obstacles. Finally, a shape-memory exposed-core fiber is employed in fiber evanescent wave spectroscopy experiments to optimize the performance of the sensing scheme. We strongly expect that such actuatable fibers with light-guiding abilities will trigger exciting progress of unprecedented smart devices in the areas of photonics, electronics, or robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Strutynski
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB) UMR 6303 CNRS-Université de Bourgogne, 21078, Dijon, France.
| | - Marianne Evrard
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB) UMR 6303 CNRS-Université de Bourgogne, 21078, Dijon, France
| | - Frédéric Désévédavy
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB) UMR 6303 CNRS-Université de Bourgogne, 21078, Dijon, France
| | - Grégory Gadret
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB) UMR 6303 CNRS-Université de Bourgogne, 21078, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Charles Jules
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB) UMR 6303 CNRS-Université de Bourgogne, 21078, Dijon, France
| | - Claire-Hélène Brachais
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB) UMR 6303 CNRS-Université de Bourgogne, 21078, Dijon, France
| | - Bertrand Kibler
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB) UMR 6303 CNRS-Université de Bourgogne, 21078, Dijon, France
| | - Frédéric Smektala
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB) UMR 6303 CNRS-Université de Bourgogne, 21078, Dijon, France
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8
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Tang T, Shen Z, Wang J, Xu S, Jiang J, Chang J, Guo M, Fan Y, Xiao Y, Dong Z, Huang H, Li X, Zhang Y, Wang D, Chen LQ, Wang K, Zhang S, Nan CW, Shen Y. Stretchable polymer composites with ultrahigh piezoelectric performance. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad177. [PMID: 37485000 PMCID: PMC10359065 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Flexible piezoelectric materials capable of withstanding large deformation play key roles in flexible electronics. Ferroelectric ceramics with a high piezoelectric coefficient are inherently brittle, whereas polar polymers exhibit a low piezoelectric coefficient. Here we report a highly stretchable/compressible piezoelectric composite composed of ferroelectric ceramic skeleton, elastomer matrix and relaxor ferroelectric-based hybrid at the ceramic/matrix interface as dielectric transition layers, exhibiting a giant piezoelectric coefficient of 250 picometers per volt, high electromechanical coupling factor keff of 65%, ultralow acoustic impedance of 3MRyl and high cyclic stability under 50% compression strain. The superior flexibility and piezoelectric properties are attributed to the electric polarization and mechanical load transfer paths formed by the ceramic skeleton, and dielectric mismatch mitigation between ceramic fillers and elastomer matrix by the dielectric transition layer. The synergistic fusion of ultrahigh piezoelectric properties and superior flexibility in these polymer composites is expected to drive emerging applications in flexible smart electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongxiang Tang
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhonghui Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shiqi Xu
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiaxi Jiang
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiahui Chang
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mengfan Guo
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Youjun Fan
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhihao Dong
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Houbing Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yihui Zhang
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Danyang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Long-Qing Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802, USA
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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9
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Qian S, Wang X, Yan W. Piezoelectric fibers for flexible and wearable electronics. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2023; 16:3. [PMID: 36944822 PMCID: PMC10030726 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and wearable electronics represent paramount technologies offering revolutionized solutions for medical diagnosis and therapy, nerve and organ interfaces, fabric computation, robot-in-medicine and metaverse. Being ubiquitous in everyday life, piezoelectric materials and devices play a vital role in flexible and wearable electronics with their intriguing functionalities, including energy harvesting, sensing and actuation, personal health care and communications. As a new emerging flexible and wearable technology, fiber-shaped piezoelectric devices offer unique advantages over conventional thin-film counterparts. In this review, we survey the recent scientific and technological breakthroughs in thermally drawn piezoelectric fibers and fiber-enabled intelligent fabrics. We highlight the fiber materials, fiber architecture, fabrication, device integration as well as functions that deliver higher forms of unique applications across smart sensing, health care, space security, actuation and energy domains. We conclude with a critical analysis of existing challenges and opportunities that will be important for the continued progress of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengtai Qian
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xingbei Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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10
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Lan B, Yang T, Tian G, Ao Y, Jin L, Xiong D, Wang S, Zhang H, Deng L, Sun Y, Zhang J, Deng W, Yang W. Multichannel Gradient Piezoelectric Transducer Assisted with Deep Learning for Broadband Acoustic Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12146-12153. [PMID: 36811621 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As an important part of human-machine interfaces, piezoelectric voice recognition has received extensive attention due to its unique self-powered nature. However, conventional voice recognition devices exhibit a limited response frequency band due to the intrinsic hardness and brittleness of piezoelectric ceramics or the flexibility of piezoelectric fibers. Here, we propose a cochlear-inspired multichannel piezoelectric acoustic sensor (MAS) based on gradient PVDF piezoelectric nanofibers for broadband voice recognition by a programmable electrospinning technique. Compared with the common electrospun PVDF membrane-based acoustic sensor, the developed MAS demonstrates the greatly 300%-broadened frequency band and the substantially 334.6%-enhanced piezoelectric output. More importantly, this MAS can serve as a high-fidelity auditory platform for music recording and human voice recognition, in which the classification accuracy rate can reach up to 100% in coordination with deep learning. The programmable bionic gradient piezoelectric nanofiber may provide a universal strategy for the development of intelligent bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boling Lan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Guo Tian
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Yong Ao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Long Jin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Da Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Shenglong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Hongrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Lin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Yue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Jieling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Weili Deng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Weiqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
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11
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Zhang M, Liu C, Li B, Shen Y, Wang H, Ji K, Mao X, Wei L, Sun R, Zhou F. Electrospun PVDF-based piezoelectric nanofibers: materials, structures, and applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:1043-1059. [PMID: 36798499 PMCID: PMC9926905 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00773h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has been considered as a promising piezoelectric material for advanced sensing and energy storage systems because of its high dielectric constant and good electroactive response. Electrospinning is a straightforward, low cost, and scalable technology that can be used to create PVDF-based nanofibers with outstanding piezoelectric characteristics. Herein, we summarize the state-of-the-art progress on the use of filler doping and structural design to enhance the output performance of electrospun PVDF-based piezoelectric fiber films. We divide the fillers into single filler and double fillers and make comments on the effects of various dopant materials on the performance and the underlying mechanism of the PVDF-based piezoelectric fiber film. The effects of highly oriented structures, core-shell structures, and multilayer composite structures on the output properties of PVDF-based piezoelectric nanofibers are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the perspectives and opportunities for PVDF piezoelectric nanofibers in the fields of health care, environmental monitoring, and energy collection are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Zhang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Shaanxi College Engineering Research Center of Functional Micro/Nano Textile Materials, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
| | - Chengkun Liu
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Shaanxi College Engineering Research Center of Functional Micro/Nano Textile Materials, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
| | - Boyu Li
- Research Institute of Textile and Clothing Industries, Zhongyuan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450007 China
| | - Yutong Shen
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Shaanxi College Engineering Research Center of Functional Micro/Nano Textile Materials, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Shaanxi College Engineering Research Center of Functional Micro/Nano Textile Materials, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
| | - Keyu Ji
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Shaanxi College Engineering Research Center of Functional Micro/Nano Textile Materials, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
| | - Xue Mao
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Shaanxi College Engineering Research Center of Functional Micro/Nano Textile Materials, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
| | - Liang Wei
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Shaanxi College Engineering Research Center of Functional Micro/Nano Textile Materials, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
| | - Runjun Sun
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
- Shaanxi College Engineering Research Center of Functional Micro/Nano Textile Materials, Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China
| | - Fenglei Zhou
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London London WC1E 6BT UK
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12
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Wei L, Tao G, Hou C, Yan W. Preface to the special issue on "Recent Advances in Functional Fibers". FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2022; 15:53. [PMID: 36637571 PMCID: PMC9797627 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-022-00054-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798 Singapore
| | - Guangming Tao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Sport and Health Initiative, Optical Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Chong Hou
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Sport and Health Initiative, Optical Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Wei Yan
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798 Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798 Singapore
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13
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Zhang Y, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Yong KT, Xiong J. Elastic Fibers/Fabrics for Wearables and Bioelectronics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203808. [PMID: 36253094 PMCID: PMC9762321 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wearables and bioelectronics rely on breathable interface devices with bioaffinity, biocompatibility, and smart functionality for interactions between beings and things and the surrounding environment. Elastic fibers/fabrics with mechanical adaptivity to various deformations and complex substrates, are promising to act as fillers, carriers, substrates, dressings, and scaffolds in the construction of biointerfaces for the human body, skins, organs, and plants, realizing functions such as energy exchange, sensing, perception, augmented virtuality, health monitoring, disease diagnosis, and intervention therapy. This review summarizes and highlights the latest breakthroughs of elastic fibers/fabrics for wearables and bioelectronics, aiming to offer insights into elasticity mechanisms, production methods, and electrical components integration strategies with fibers/fabrics, presenting a profile of elastic fibers/fabrics for energy management, sensors, e-skins, thermal management, personal protection, wound healing, biosensing, and drug delivery. The trans-disciplinary application of elastic fibers/fabrics from wearables to biomedicine provides important inspiration for technology transplantation and function integration to adapt different application systems. As a discussion platform, here the main challenges and possible solutions in the field are proposed, hopefully can provide guidance for promoting the development of elastic e-textiles in consideration of the trade-off between mechanical/electrical performance, industrial-scale production, diverse environmental adaptivity, and multiscenario on-spot applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Zhang
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and TechnologyDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- College of Textile and Clothing EngineeringSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Textile and Clothing EngineeringSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China
| | - Desuo Zhang
- College of Textile and Clothing EngineeringSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China
| | - Ken Tye Yong
- School of Biomedical EngineeringThe University of SydneySydneyNew South Wales2006Australia
| | - Jiaqing Xiong
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and TechnologyDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
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14
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Chen M, Ouyang J, Jian A, Liu J, Li P, Hao Y, Gong Y, Hu J, Zhou J, Wang R, Wang J, Hu L, Wang Y, Ouyang J, Zhang J, Hou C, Wei L, Zhou H, Zhang D, Tao G. Imperceptible, designable, and scalable braided electronic cord. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7097. [PMID: 36402785 PMCID: PMC9675780 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34918-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible sensors, friendly interfaces, and intelligent recognition are important in the research of novel human-computer interaction and the development of smart devices. However, major challenges are still encountered in designing user-centered smart devices with natural, convenient, and efficient interfaces. Inspired by the characteristics of textile-based flexible electronic sensors, in this article, we report a braided electronic cord with a low-cost, and automated fabrication to realize imperceptible, designable, and scalable user interfaces. The braided electronic cord is in a miniaturized form, which is suitable for being integrated with various occasions in life. To achieve high-precision interaction, a multi-feature fusion algorithm is designed to recognize gestures of different positions, different contact areas, and different movements performed on a single braided electronic cord. The recognized action results are fed back to varieties of interactive terminals, which show the diversity of cord forms and applications. Our braided electronic cord with the features of user friendliness, excellent durability and rich interaction mode will greatly promote the development of human-machine integration in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyu Ouyang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Aijia Jian
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Liu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Li
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Yixue Hao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Yuchen Gong
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Jiayu Hu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaxi Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Long Hu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Ju Ouyang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- grid.503241.10000 0004 1760 9015School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Chong Hou
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Wei
- grid.59025.3b0000 0001 2224 0361School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798 Singapore
| | - Huamin Zhou
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Dingyu Zhang
- grid.507952.c0000 0004 1764 577XWuhan Jinyintan Hospital, 430048 Wuhan, Hubei China ,Hubei Provincial Health and Health Committee, 430015 Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Guangming Tao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
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15
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Ngadong S, Chekke T, Narzary R, Bayan S, Das U. Metal oxide nanocomposite based flexible nanogenerator: synergic effect of light and pressure. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 34:045403. [PMID: 36240725 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac9a56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the fabrication of nanocomposite comprising of CuO and poly (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoro propylene) (PVDF-HFP) for application in flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENG). The chemically grown CuO nanostructures have been characterized through electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and spectroscopic techniques. It has been found that the incorporation of optimal CuO nanostructures in PVDF-HFP can increase the output voltage of the PENG by 22 times and is assigned to the increment in the effective dielectric constant of host PVDF-HFP. Further, the nanogenerator exhibits a maximum power of ∼20μW cm-2at 3 MΩ load and can charge a capacitor under continuous bio-mechanical impart. Further, upon slight alteration of the device configuration, the output of the nanocomposite-based nanogenerator can be enhanced under illumination condition. The increment in overall piezopotential through photoexcitation in optically active CuO nanostructures can be assigned to the increment in output voltage. The wavelength dependent output variation reveal the maximum output of the PENG under blue light. Further, under white light illumination, the nanogenerator exhibits a maximum power which is 3 times higher than in dark condition and can charge a capacitor 52 times faster. The development of such superior flexible and optically active nanogenerators are quite promising for futuristic self-powered devices operated under mechanical and solar energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soni Ngadong
- Department of Physics, Rajiv Gandhi University, Arunachal Pradesh, 791112, India
- Indira Gandhi Government College, Tezu, Arunachal Pradesh, 792001, India
| | - Tani Chekke
- Department of Physics, Rajiv Gandhi University, Arunachal Pradesh, 791112, India
| | - Ringshar Narzary
- Department of Physics, Rajiv Gandhi University, Arunachal Pradesh, 791112, India
| | - Sayan Bayan
- Department of Physics, Rajiv Gandhi University, Arunachal Pradesh, 791112, India
| | - Upamanyu Das
- Department of Physics, Rajiv Gandhi University, Arunachal Pradesh, 791112, India
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16
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Shen L, Teng C, Wang Z, Bai H, Kumar S, Min R. Semiconductor Multimaterial Optical Fibers for Biomedical Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:882. [PMID: 36291019 PMCID: PMC9599191 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Integrated sensors and transmitters of a wide variety of human physiological indicators have recently emerged in the form of multimaterial optical fibers. The methods utilized in the manufacture of optical fibers facilitate the use of a wide range of functional elements in microscale optical fibers with an extensive variety of structures. This article presents an overview and review of semiconductor multimaterial optical fibers, their fabrication and postprocessing techniques, different geometries, and integration in devices that can be further utilized in biomedical applications. Semiconductor optical fiber sensors and fiber lasers for body temperature regulation, in vivo detection, volatile organic compound detection, and medical surgery will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Shen
- Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Chuanxin Teng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing, School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Hongyi Bai
- College of Electronics and Engineering, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, School of Physics Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Rui Min
- Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
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17
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Athira BS, George A, Vaishna Priya K, Hareesh US, Gowd EB, Surendran KP, Chandran A. High-Performance Flexible Piezoelectric Nanogenerator Based on Electrospun PVDF-BaTiO 3 Nanofibers for Self-Powered Vibration Sensing Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:44239-44250. [PMID: 36129836 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present era of intelligent electronics and Internet of Things (IoT), the demand for flexible and wearable devices is very high. Here, we have developed a high-output flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) based on electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-barium titanate (BaTiO3) (ES PVDF-BT) composite nanofibers with an enhanced electroactive phase. On addition of 10 wt % BaTiO3 nanoparticles, the electroactive β-phase of the PVDF is found to be escalated to ∼91% as a result of the synergistic interfacial interaction between the tetragonal BaTiO3 nanoparticles and the ferroelectric host polymer matrix on electrospinning. The fabricated PENG device delivered an open-circuit voltage of ∼50 V and short-circuit current density of ∼0.312 mA m-2. Also, the PVDF-BT nanofiber-based PENG device showed an output power density of ∼4.07 mW m-2, which is 10 times higher than that of a pristine PVDF nanofiber-based PENG device. Furthermore, the developed PENG has been newly demonstrated for self-powered real-time vibration sensing applications such as for mapping of mechanical vibrations from faulty CPU fans, hard disk drives, and electric sewing machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Athira
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR─National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ashitha George
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR─National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - K Vaishna Priya
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR─National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - U S Hareesh
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR─National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - E Bhoje Gowd
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR─National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kuzhichalil Peethambharan Surendran
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR─National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Achu Chandran
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR─National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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18
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Qian S, Liu M, Dou Y, Fink Y, Yan W. A 'Moore's law' for fibers enables intelligent fabrics. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 10:nwac202. [PMID: 36684517 PMCID: PMC9843301 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Fabrics are an indispensable part of our everyday life. They provide us with protection, offer privacy and form an intimate expression of ourselves through their esthetics. Imparting functionality at the fiber level represents an intriguing path toward innovative fabrics with a hitherto unparalleled functionality and value. The fiber technology based on thermal drawing of a preform, which is identical in its materials and geometry to the final fiber, has emerged as a powerful platform for the production of exquisite fibers with prerequisite composition, geometric complexity and control over feature size. A 'Moore's law' for fibers is emerging, delivering higher forms of function that are important for a broad spectrum of practical applications in healthcare, sports, robotics, space exploration, etc. In this review, we survey progress in thermally drawn fibers and devices, and discuss their relevance to 'smart' fabrics. A new generation of fabrics that can see, hear and speak, sense, communicate, harvest and store energy, as well as store and process data is anticipated. We conclude with a critical analysis of existing challenges and opportunities currently faced by thermally drawn fibers and fabrics that are expected to become sophisticated platforms delivering value-added services for our society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuhai Dou
- Institute for Energy Materials Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yoel Fink
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Wei Yan
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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19
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Zhou Y, Parkes MA, Zhang J, Wang Y, Ruddlesden M, Fielding HH, Su L. Single-crystal organometallic perovskite optical fibers. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq8629. [PMID: 36149951 PMCID: PMC9506722 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq8629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductors in their optical-fiber forms are desirable. Single-crystal organometallic halide perovskites have attractive optoelectronic properties and therefore are suitable fiber-optic platforms. However, single-crystal organometallic perovskite optical fibers have not been reported before due to the challenge of one-directional single-crystal growth in solution. Here, we report a solution-processed approach to continuously grow single-crystal organometallic perovskite optical fibers with controllable diameters and lengths. For single-crystal MAPbBr3 (MA = CH3NH3+) perovskite optical fiber made using our method, it demonstrates low transmission losses (<0.7 dB/cm), mechanical flexibilities (a bending radius down to 3.5 mm), and mechanical deformation-tunable photoluminescence in organometallic perovskites. Moreover, the light confinement provided by our organometallic perovskite optical fibers leads to three-photon absorption (3PA), in contrast with 2PA in bulk single crystals under the same experimental conditions. The single-crystal organometallic perovskite optical fibers have the potential in future optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Zhou
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Michael A. Parkes
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Jinshuai Zhang
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Yufei Wang
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Michael Ruddlesden
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Helen H. Fielding
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Lei Su
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
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20
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Kim J, Zhao Y, Yang S, Feng Z, Wang A, Davalos RV, Jia X. Laser Machined Fiber-based Microprobe: Application in Microscale Electroporation. ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS 2022; 4:859-872. [PMID: 37799114 PMCID: PMC10552288 DOI: 10.1007/s42765-022-00148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Microscale electroporation devices are mostly restricted to in vitro experiments (i.e., microchannel and microcapillary). Novel fiber-based microprobes can enable in vivo microscale electroporation and arbitrarily select the cell groups of interest to electroporate. We developed a flexible, fiber-based microscale electroporation device through a thermal drawing process and femtosecond laser micromachining techniques. The fiber consists of four copper electrodes (80 μm), one microfluidic channel (30 μm), and has an overall diameter of 400 μm. The dimensions of the exposed electrodes and channel were customizable through a delicate femtosecond laser setup. The feasibility of the fiber probe was validated through numerical simulations and in vitro experiments. Successful reversible and irreversible microscale electroporation was observed in a 3D collagen scaffold (seeded with U251 human glioma cells) using fluorescent staining. The ablation regions were estimated by performing the covariance error ellipse method and compared with the numerical simulations. The computational and experimental results of the working fiber-based microprobe suggest the feasibility of in vivo microscale electroporation in space-sensitive areas, such as the deep brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongwoon Kim
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Yajun Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA
| | - Shuo Yang
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Ziang Feng
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Anbo Wang
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Rafael V. Davalos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA
| | - Xiaoting Jia
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
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21
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Scheffler S, Poulin P. Piezoelectric Fibers: Processing and Challenges. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:16961-16982. [PMID: 35404561 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Integration of piezoelectric materials in composite and textile structures is promising for creating smart textiles with sensing or energy harvesting functionalities. The most direct integration that combines wearability, comfort, and piezoelectric efficiency consists of using fibers made of piezoelectric materials. The latter include inorganic ceramics or organic polymers. Ceramics have outstanding piezoelectric properties but can not be easily melted or solubilized in a solvent to be processed in the form of fibers. They have to be spun from precursor materials and thermally treated afterward for densification and sintering. These delicate processes have to be carefully controlled to optimize the piezoelectric properties of the fibers. On the other hand, organic piezoelectric polymers, such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), can be spun by more conventional textile fibers technologies. In addition to enjoy an easier manufacturing, organic piezoelectric fibers display flexibility that facilitates their integration and use in smart textiles. However, organic fibers suffer from a low piezoelectric efficiency. This reviews looks at the processing techniques and their specific limitations and advantages to realize single-component or coaxial piezofibers. Fundamental challenges related to the use of composite fibers are discussed. The latter include challenges for poling and electrically wiring the fibers to collect charges under operation or to apply electrical fields. The electromechanical properties of these fibers processed by different manufacturing techniques are compared. Recent studies of structures used to integrate such fibers in textiles and composites with conventional techniques and their potential applications are discussed.
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22
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Belkheir M, Boutaleb M, Mokaddem A, Doumi B. Predicting the effect of coconut natural fibers for improving the performance of biocomposite materials based on the poly (methyl methacrylate)-PMMA polymer for engineering applications. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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23
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Single fibre enables acoustic fabrics via nanometre-scale vibrations. Nature 2022; 603:616-623. [PMID: 35296860 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fabrics, by virtue of their composition and structure, have traditionally been used as acoustic absorbers1,2. Here, inspired by the auditory system3, we introduce a fabric that operates as a sensitive audible microphone while retaining the traditional qualities of fabrics, such as machine washability and draping. The fabric medium is composed of high-Young's modulus textile yarns in the weft of a cotton warp, converting tenuous 10-7-atmosphere pressure waves at audible frequencies into lower-order mechanical vibration modes. Woven into the fabric is a thermally drawn composite piezoelectric fibre that conforms to the fabric and converts the mechanical vibrations into electrical signals. Key to the fibre sensitivity is an elastomeric cladding that concentrates the mechanical stress in a piezocomposite layer with a high piezoelectric charge coefficient of approximately 46 picocoulombs per newton, a result of the thermal drawing process. Concurrent measurements of electric output and spatial vibration patterns in response to audible acoustic excitation reveal that fabric vibrational modes with nanometre amplitude displacement are the source of the electrical output of the fibre. With the fibre subsuming less than 0.1% of the fabric by volume, a single fibre draw enables tens of square metres of fabric microphone. Three different applications exemplify the usefulness of this study: a woven shirt with dual acoustic fibres measures the precise direction of an acoustic impulse, bidirectional communications are established between two fabrics working as sound emitters and receivers, and a shirt auscultates cardiac sound signals.
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24
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A smart sensor that can be woven into everyday life. Nature 2022; 603:585-586. [PMID: 35296834 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-022-00691-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Zhang W, You L, Meng X, Wang B, Lin D. Recent Advances on Conducting Polymers Based Nanogenerators for Energy Harvesting. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:1308. [PMID: 34832720 PMCID: PMC8623428 DOI: 10.3390/mi12111308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid growth of numerous portable electronics, it is critical to develop high-performance, lightweight, and environmentally sustainable energy generation and power supply systems. The flexible nanogenerators, including piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENG) and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), are currently viable candidates for combination with personal devices and wireless sensors to achieve sustained energy for long-term working circumstances due to their great mechanical qualities, superior environmental adaptability, and outstanding energy-harvesting performance. Conductive materials for electrode as the critical component in nanogenerators, have been intensively investigated to optimize their performance and avoid high-cost and time-consuming manufacture processing. Recently, because of their low cost, large-scale production, simple synthesis procedures, and controlled electrical conductivity, conducting polymers (CPs) have been utilized in a wide range of scientific domains. CPs have also become increasingly significant in nanogenerators. In this review, we summarize the recent advances on CP-based PENG and TENG for biomechanical energy harvesting. A thorough overview of recent advancements and development of CP-based nanogenerators with various configurations are presented and prospects of scientific and technological challenges from performance to potential applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichi Zhang
- Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Liwen You
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201424, China;
| | - Xiao Meng
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Thin Films Technology and Optical Test, School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710032, China; (X.M.); (B.W.)
| | - Bozhi Wang
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Thin Films Technology and Optical Test, School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710032, China; (X.M.); (B.W.)
| | - Dabin Lin
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Thin Films Technology and Optical Test, School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710032, China; (X.M.); (B.W.)
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26
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Wang Y, Zhu L, Du C. Progress in Piezoelectric Nanogenerators Based on PVDF Composite Films. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12111278. [PMID: 34832688 PMCID: PMC8624520 DOI: 10.3390/mi12111278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, great progress has been made in the field of energy harvesting to satisfy increasing needs for portable, sustainable, and renewable energy. Among piezoelectric materials, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and its copolymers are the most promising materials for piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) due to their unique electroactivity, high flexibility, good machinability, and long–term stability. So far, PVDF–based PENGs have made remarkable progress. In this paper, the effects of the existence of various nanofillers, including organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites, inorganic lead halide perovskites, perovskite–type oxides, semiconductor piezoelectric materials, two–dimensional layered materials, and ions, in PVDF and its copolymer structure on their piezoelectric response and energy–harvesting properties are reviewed. This review will enable researchers to understand the piezoelectric mechanisms of the PVDF–based composite–film PENGs, so as to effectively convert environmental mechanical stimulus into electrical energy, and finally realize self–powered sensors or high–performance power sources for electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Laipan Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (C.D.)
| | - Cuifeng Du
- School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (C.D.)
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Fakharuddin A, Li H, Di Giacomo F, Zhang T, Gasparini N, Elezzabi AY, Mohanty A, Ramadoss A, Ling J, Soultati A, Tountas M, Schmidt‐Mende L, Argitis P, Jose R, Nazeeruddin MK, Mohd Yusoff ARB, Vasilopoulou M. Fiber‐Shaped Electronic Devices. ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS 2021; 11. [DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202101443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
AbstractTextile electronics embedded in clothing represent an exciting new frontier for modern healthcare and communication systems. Fundamental to the development of these textile electronics is the development of the fibers forming the cloths into electronic devices. An electronic fiber must undergo diverse scrutiny for its selection for a multifunctional textile, viz., from the material selection to the device architecture, from the wearability to mechanical stresses, and from the environmental compatibility to the end‐use management. Herein, the performance requirements of fiber‐shaped electronics are reviewed considering the characteristics of single electronic fibers and their assemblies in smart clothing. Broadly, this article includes i) processing strategies of electronic fibers with required properties from precursor to material, ii) the state‐of‐art of current fiber‐shaped electronics emphasizing light‐emitting devices, solar cells, sensors, nanogenerators, supercapacitors storage, and chromatic devices, iii) mechanisms involved in the operation of the above devices, iv) limitations of the current materials and device manufacturing techniques to achieve the target performance, and v) the knowledge gap that must be minimized prior to their deployment. Lessons learned from this review with regard to the challenges and prospects for developing fiber‐shaped electronic components are presented as directions for future research on wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haizeng Li
- Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinarity Science Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China
| | - Francesco Di Giacomo
- Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy (CHOSE) Department of Electronic Engineering University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome 00133 Italy
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics Imperial College London London W120BZ UK
| | - Nicola Gasparini
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics Imperial College London London W120BZ UK
| | - Abdulhakem Y. Elezzabi
- Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2V4 Canada
| | - Ankita Mohanty
- School for Advanced Research in Petrochemicals Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology Bhubaneswar Odisha 751024 India
| | - Ananthakumar Ramadoss
- School for Advanced Research in Petrochemicals Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology Bhubaneswar Odisha 751024 India
| | - JinKiong Ling
- Nanostructured Renewable Energy Material Laboratory Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Darul Makmur Kuantan 26300 Malaysia
| | - Anastasia Soultati
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos Agia Paraskevi Attica 15341 Greece
| | - Marinos Tountas
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean University Estavromenos Heraklion Crete GR‐71410 Greece
| | | | - Panagiotis Argitis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos Agia Paraskevi Attica 15341 Greece
| | - Rajan Jose
- Nanostructured Renewable Energy Material Laboratory Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Darul Makmur Kuantan 26300 Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Rue de l'Industrie 17 Sion CH‐1951 Switzerland
| | - Abd Rashid Bin Mohd Yusoff
- Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Maria Vasilopoulou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos Agia Paraskevi Attica 15341 Greece
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Xiong J, Chen J, Lee PS. Functional Fibers and Fabrics for Soft Robotics, Wearables, and Human-Robot Interface. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2002640. [PMID: 33025662 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Soft robotics inspired by the movement of living organisms, with excellent adaptability and accuracy for accomplishing tasks, are highly desirable for efficient operations and safe interactions with human. With the emerging wearable electronics, higher tactility and skin affinity are pursued for safe and user-friendly human-robot interactions. Fabrics interlocked by fibers perform traditional static functions such as warming, protection, and fashion. Recently, dynamic fibers and fabrics are favorable to deliver active stimulus responses such as sensing and actuating abilities for soft-robots and wearables. First, the responsive mechanisms of fiber/fabric actuators and their performances under various external stimuli are reviewed. Fiber/yarn-based artificial muscles for soft-robots manipulation and assistance in human motion are discussed, as well as smart clothes for improving human perception. Second, the geometric designs, fabrications, mechanisms, and functions of fibers/fabrics for sensing and energy harvesting from the human body and environments are summarized. Effective integration between the electronic components with garments, human skin, and living organisms is illustrated, presenting multifunctional platforms with self-powered potential for human-robot interactions and biomedicine. Lastly, the relationships between robotic/wearable fibers/fabrics and the external stimuli, together with the challenges and possible routes for revolutionizing the robotic fibers/fabrics and wearables in this new era are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqing Xiong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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29
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Kim JH, Kim B, Kim SW, Kang HW, Park MC, Park DH, Ju BK, Choi WK. High-performance coaxial piezoelectric energy generator (C-PEG) yarn of Cu/PVDF-TrFE/PDMS/Nylon/Ag. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:145401. [PMID: 33348328 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abd57e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coaxial type piezoelectric energy generator (C-PEG) nanofiber was fabricated by a self-designed continuous electrospinning deposition system. Piezoelectric PVDF-TrFE nanofiber as an electroactive material was electrospun at a discharge voltage of 9-12 kV onto a simultaneously rotating and transverse moving Cu metal wire at an angular velocity of ω g = 60-120 RPM. The piezoelectric coefficient d33 of the PVDF-TrFE nanofiber was approximately -20 pm V-1. The generated output voltage (V G) increased according to the relationship exp(-α P) (α = 0.41- 0.57) as the pressure (P) increased from 30 to 500 kpa. The V G values for ten and twenty pieces of C-PEG were V G = 3.9 V and 9.5 V at P = 100 kpa, respectively, relatively high output voltages compared to previously reported values. The high V G for the C-PEG stems from the fact that it can generate a fairly high V G due to the increased number of voltage collection points compared to a conventional two-dimensional (2-dim) capacitor type of piezoelectric film or fiber device. C-PEG yarn was also fabricated via the dip-coating of a PDMS polymer solution, followed by winding with Ag-coated nylon fiber as an outer electrode. The current and power density of ten pieces of C-PEG yarn were correspondingly 22 nA cm-2 and 8.6 μW cm-3 at V G = 1.97 V, higher than previously reported values of 5.54 and 6 μW cm-3. The C-PEG yarn, which can generate high voltage compared to the conventional film/nanofiber mat type, is expected to be very useful as a wearable energy generator system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hyuk Kim
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Post-Silicon Semiconductor Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangro 14 Gil 5, Sungbuk Gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electronic, Electrical, and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Bosung Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Chul Park
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Post-Silicon Semiconductor Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangro 14 Gil 5, Sungbuk Gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hee Park
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Post-Silicon Semiconductor Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangro 14 Gil 5, Sungbuk Gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Kwon Ju
- Department of Electronic, Electrical, and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kook Choi
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Post-Silicon Semiconductor Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangro 14 Gil 5, Sungbuk Gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
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30
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Self-powered multifunctional sensing based on super-elastic fibers by soluble-core thermal drawing. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1416. [PMID: 33658511 PMCID: PMC7930051 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21729-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The well-developed preform-to-fiber thermal drawing technique owns the benefit to maintain the cross-section architecture and obtain an individual micro-scale strand of fiber with the extended length up to thousand meters. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a two-step soluble-core fabrication method by combining such an inherently scalable manufacturing method with simple post-draw processing to explore the low viscosity polymer fibers and the potential of soft fiber electronics. As a result, an ultra-stretchable conductive fiber is achieved, which maintains excellent conductivity even under 1900% strain or 1.5 kg load/impact freefalling from 0.8-m height. Moreover, by combining with triboelectric nanogenerator technique, this fiber acts as a self-powered self-adapting multi-dimensional sensor attached on sports gears to monitor sports performance while bearing sudden impacts. Next, owing to its remarkable waterproof and easy packaging properties, this fiber detector can sense different ion movements in various solutions, revealing the promising applications for large-area undersea detection.
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31
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Meng L, Ji J, Röhrer C, Kleem G, Graf T, Ahmed MA. Analysis of material concentration in step-index fibers with alumina cores produced by means of the powder-in-tube technique. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:28283-28294. [PMID: 32988103 DOI: 10.1364/oe.393198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Step-index fibers (SIFs) with alumina cores were fabricated employing the powder-in-tube technique. The fabricated SIFs have alumina concentrations of up to 32 mol%, which is the highest value reported so far for fibers with core diameters smaller than 25 μm. The mixing mechanisms between alumina and silica during fiber drawing were revealed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis of the neck-down area of the preform. The results of the measurements and simulations indicate that besides diffusion, fluid dynamics between softened silica and alumina powder also play an important role in the resulting alumina and silica concentrations in the fiber. The influence of different drawing parameters on the alumina and silica concentrations of the fibers is also presented.
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32
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Affiliation(s)
- Guorui Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yongzhong Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Michael Bick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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Shi J, Liu S, Zhang L, Yang B, Shu L, Yang Y, Ren M, Wang Y, Chen J, Chen W, Chai Y, Tao X. Smart Textile-Integrated Microelectronic Systems for Wearable Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1901958. [PMID: 31273850 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The programmable nature of smart textiles makes them an indispensable part of an emerging new technology field. Smart textile-integrated microelectronic systems (STIMES), which combine microelectronics and technology such as artificial intelligence and augmented or virtual reality, have been intensively explored. A vast range of research activities have been reported. Many promising applications in healthcare, the internet of things (IoT), smart city management, robotics, etc., have been demonstrated around the world. A timely overview and comprehensive review of progress of this field in the last five years are provided. Several main aspects are covered: functional materials, major fabrication processes of smart textile components, functional devices, system architectures and heterogeneous integration, wearable applications in human and nonhuman-related areas, and the safety and security of STIMES. The major types of textile-integrated nonconventional functional devices are discussed in detail: sensors, actuators, displays, antennas, energy harvesters and their hybrids, batteries and supercapacitors, circuit boards, and memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jidong Shi
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Su Liu
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Lisha Zhang
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Bao Yang
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Lin Shu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southern China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Yang
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ming Ren
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jiewei Chen
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yang Chai
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xiaoming Tao
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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34
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Dong K, Peng X, Wang ZL. Fiber/Fabric-Based Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Flexible/Stretchable and Wearable Electronics and Artificial Intelligence. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1902549. [PMID: 31348590 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Integration of advanced nanogenerator technology with conventional textile processes fosters the emergence of textile-based nanogenerators (NGs), which will inevitably promote the rapid development and widespread applications of next-generation wearable electronics and multifaceted artificial intelligence systems. NGs endow smart textiles with mechanical energy harvesting and multifunctional self-powered sensing capabilities, while textiles provide a versatile flexible design carrier and extensive wearable application platform for their development. However, due to the lack of an effective interactive platform and communication channel between researchers specializing in NGs and those good at textiles, it is rather difficult to achieve fiber/fabric-based NGs with both excellent electrical output properties and outstanding textile-related performances. To this end, a critical review is presented on the current state of the arts of wearable fiber/fabric-based piezoelectric nanogenerators and triboelectric nanogenerators with respect to basic classifications, material selections, fabrication techniques, structural designs, and working principles, as well as potential applications. Furthermore, the potential difficulties and tough challenges that can impede their large-scale commercial applications are summarized and discussed. It is hoped that this review will not only deepen the ties between smart textiles and wearable NGs, but also push forward further research and applications of future wearable fiber/fabric-based NGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Dong
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Peng
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0245, USA
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Loke G, Yan W, Khudiyev T, Noel G, Fink Y. Recent Progress and Perspectives of Thermally Drawn Multimaterial Fiber Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1904911. [PMID: 31657053 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Fibers are the building blocks of a broad spectrum of products from textiles to composites, and waveguides to wound dressings. While ubiquitous, the capabilities of fibers have not rapidly increased compared to semiconductor chip technology, for example. Recognizing that fibers lack the composition, geometry, and feature sizes for more functions, exploration of the boundaries of fiber functionality began some years ago. The approach focuses on a particular form of fiber production, thermal-drawing from a preform. This process has been used for producing single material fibers, but by combining metals, insulators, and semiconductors all within a single strand of fiber, an entire world of functionality in fibers has emerged. Fibers with optical, electrical, acoustic, or optoelectronic functionalities can be produced at scale from relatively easy-to-assemble macroscopic preforms. Two significant opportunities now present themselves. First, can one expect that fiber functions escalate in a predictable manner, creating the context for a "Moore's Law" analog in fibers? Second, as fabrics occupy an enormous surface around the body, could fabrics offer a valuable service to augment the human body? Toward answering these questions, the materials, performance, and limitations of thermally drawn fibers in different electronic applications are detailed and their potential in new fields is envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Loke
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute of Soldier Nanotechnology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Wei Yan
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Tural Khudiyev
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Grace Noel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yoel Fink
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute of Soldier Nanotechnology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Advanced Functional Fabrics of America (AFFOA), Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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Scalable Fabrication of Highly Flexible Porous Polymer-Based Capacitive Humidity Sensor Using Convergence Fiber Drawing. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11121985. [PMID: 31810193 PMCID: PMC6960705 DOI: 10.3390/polym11121985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we fabricated a highly flexible fiber-based capacitive humidity sensor using a scalable convergence fiber drawing approach. The sensor’s sensing layer is made of porous polyetherimide (PEI) with its porosity produced in situ during fiber drawing, whereas its electrodes are made of copper wires. The porosity induces capillary condensation starting at a low relative humidity (RH) level (here, 70%), resulting in a significant increase in the response of the sensor at RH levels ranging from 70% to 80%. The proposed humidity sensor shows a good sensitivity of 0.39 pF/% RH in the range of 70%–80% RH, a maximum hysteresis of 9.08% RH at 70% RH, a small temperature dependence, and a good stability over a 48 h period. This work demonstrates the first fiber-based humidity sensor fabricated using convergence fiber drawing.
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Zhang J, Wang Z, Wang Z, Zhang T, Wei L. In-fibre particle manipulation and device assembly via laser induced thermocapillary convection. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5206. [PMID: 31729394 PMCID: PMC6858441 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13207-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to manipulate in-fibre particles is of technological and scientific significance, yet particle manipulation inside solid environment remains fundamentally challenging. Here we show an accurately controlled, non-contact, size- and material-independent method for manipulating in-fibre particles based on laser-induced thermocapillary convection. The laser liquefaction process transforms the fibre from a solid media into an ideal fluid environment and triggers the in-fibre thermocapillary convection. In-fibre particles, with diameter from submicron to hundreds of microns, can be migrated toward the designated position. The number of particles being migrated, the particle migration velocity and direction can be precisely controlled. As a proof-of-concept, the laser-induced flow currents lead to the migration-to-contact of dislocated in-fibre p- and n-type semiconductor particles and the forming of dual-particle p-n homo- and heterojunction directly in a fibre. This approach not only enables in-fibre device assembly to achieve multi-component fibre devices, but also provide fundamental insight for in-solid particle manipulation. Particle manipulation inside a fibre is challenging yet meaningful to achieve for fibre devices. Here, the authors demonstrate a method to manipulate in-fibre particles via laser induced thermocapillary convection, enabling the formation of semiconductor junctions directly in a fibre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhixun Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.,Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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Park YJ, Bae J. Novel P(VDF-TrFE) Polymer Electrolytes: Their Use in High-Efficiency, All-Solid-State Electrochemical Capacitors Using ZnO Nanowires. J ELECTROCHEM SCI TE 2019. [DOI: 10.33961/jecst.2018.9.2.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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39
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Multifunctional Smart Optical Fibers: Materials, Fabrication, and Sensing Applications. PHOTONICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics6020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a review of the development of optical fibers made of multiple materials, particularly including silica glass, soft glass, polymers, hydrogels, biomaterials, Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and Polyperfluoro-Butenylvinyleth (CYTOP). The properties of the materials are discussed according to their various applications. Typical fabrication techniques for specialty optical fibers based on these materials are introduced, which are mainly focused on extrusion, drilling, and stacking methods depending on the materials’ thermal properties. Microstructures render multiple functions of optical fibers and bring more flexibility in fiber design and device fabrication. In particular, micro-structured optical fibers made from different types of materials are reviewed. The sensing capability of optical fibers enables smart monitoring. Widely used techniques to develop fiber sensors, i.e., fiber Bragg grating and interferometry, are discussed in terms of sensing principles and fabrication methods. Lastly, sensing applications in oil/gas, optofluidics, and particularly healthcare monitoring using specialty optical fibers are demonstrated. In comparison with conventional silica-glass single-mode fiber, state-of-the-art specialty optical fibers provide promising prospects in sensing applications due to flexible choices in materials and microstructures.
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40
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Park S, Loke G, Fink Y, Anikeeva P. Flexible fiber-based optoelectronics for neural interfaces. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:1826-1852. [PMID: 30815657 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00710a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Neurological and psychiatric conditions pose an increasing socioeconomic burden on our aging society. Our ability to understand and treat these conditions relies on the development of reliable tools to study the dynamics of the underlying neural circuits. Despite significant progress in approaches and devices to sense and modulate neural activity, further refinement is required on the spatiotemporal resolution, cell-type selectivity, and long-term stability of neural interfaces. Guided by the principles of neural transduction and by the materials properties of the neural tissue, recent advances in neural interrogation approaches rely on flexible and multifunctional devices. Among these approaches, multimaterial fibers have emerged as integrated tools for sensing and delivering of multiple signals to and from the neural tissue. Fiber-based neural probes are produced by thermal drawing process, which is the manufacturing approach used in optical fiber fabrication. This technology allows straightforward incorporation of multiple functional components into microstructured fibers at the level of their macroscale models, preforms, with a wide range of geometries. Here we will introduce the multimaterial fiber technology, its applications in engineering fields, and its adoption for the design of multifunctional and flexible neural interfaces. We will discuss examples of fiber-based neural probes tailored to the electrophysiological recording, optical neuromodulation, and delivery of drugs and genes into the rodent brain and spinal cord, as well as their emerging use for studies of nerve growth and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongjun Park
- School of Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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41
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Cui H, Hensleigh R, Yao D, Maurya D, Kumar P, Kang MG, Priya S, Zheng XR. Three-dimensional printing of piezoelectric materials with designed anisotropy and directional response. NATURE MATERIALS 2019; 18:234-241. [PMID: 30664695 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-018-0268-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Piezoelectric coefficients are constrained by the intrinsic crystal structure of the constituent material. Here we describe design and manufacturing routes to previously inaccessible classes of piezoelectric materials that have arbitrary piezoelectric coefficient tensors. Our scheme is based on the manipulation of electric displacement maps from families of structural cell patterns. We implement our designs by additively manufacturing free-form, perovskite-based piezoelectric nanocomposites with complex three-dimensional architectures. The resulting voltage response of the activated piezoelectric metamaterials at a given mode can be selectively suppressed, reversed or enhanced with applied stress. Additionally, these electromechanical metamaterials achieve high specific piezoelectric constants and tailorable flexibility using only a fraction of their parent materials. This strategy may be applied to create the next generation of intelligent infrastructure, able to perform a variety of structural and functional tasks, including simultaneous impact absorption and monitoring, three-dimensional pressure mapping and directionality detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huachen Cui
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Ryan Hensleigh
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Desheng Yao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Deepam Maurya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Min Gyu Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Shashank Priya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Rayne Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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42
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Noda A, Shinoda H. Inter-IC for Wearables (I 2We): Power and Data Transfer Over Double-Sided Conductive Textile. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2019; 13:80-90. [PMID: 30442615 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2018.2881219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We propose a power and data transfer network on a conductive fabric material based on an existing serial communication protocol, Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C). We call the proposed network inter-IC for wearables. Continuous dc power and I2C-formatted data are simultaneously transferred to tiny sensor nodes distributed on a double-sided conductive textile. The textile comprises two conductive sides, isolated from each other, and is used as a single planar transmission line. I2C data are transferred along with dc power supply based on frequency division multiplexing. Two carriers are modulated with the clock and the data signals of I2C. A modulation and demodulation circuit is designed such that off-the-shelf I2C-interfaced sensor ICs can be used. The novelty of this paper is that a special filter to enable passive modulation is designed by locating its impedance poles and zeros at the appropriate frequencies. The term "passive modulation" herein implies that the sensor nodes do not generate carrier waves by themselves; instead, they reflect only the externally supplied careers for modulation. The proposed scheme enables the flexible implementation of wearable sensor systems in which multiple off-the-shelf tiny sensors are distributed throughout the system.
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43
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Stadlober B, Zirkl M, Irimia-Vladu M. Route towards sustainable smart sensors: ferroelectric polyvinylidene fluoride-based materials and their integration in flexible electronics. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:1787-1825. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00928g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Printed ferroelectric devices are ideal candidates for self-powered and multifunctional sensor skins, contributing to a sustainable smart future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Zirkl
- Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH
- 8160 Weiz
- Austria
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44
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Yan W, Page A, Nguyen-Dang T, Qu Y, Sordo F, Wei L, Sorin F. Advanced Multimaterial Electronic and Optoelectronic Fibers and Textiles. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1802348. [PMID: 30272829 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201802348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability to integrate complex electronic and optoelectronic functionalities within soft and thin fibers is one of today's key advanced manufacturing challenges. Multifunctional and connected fiber devices will be at the heart of the development of smart textiles and wearable devices. These devices also offer novel opportunities for surgical probes and tools, robotics and prostheses, communication systems, and portable energy harvesters. Among the various fiber-processing methods, the preform-to-fiber thermal drawing technique is a very promising process that is used to fabricate multimaterial fibers with complex architectures at micro- and nanoscale feature sizes. Recently, a series of scientific and technological breakthroughs have significantly advanced the field of multimaterial fibers, allowing a wider range of functionalities, better performance, and novel applications. Here, these breakthroughs, in the fundamental understanding of the fluid dynamics, rheology, and tailoring of materials microstructures at play in the thermal drawing process, are presented and critically discussed. The impact of these advances on the research landscape in this field and how they offer significant new opportunities for this rapidly growing scientific and technological platform are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexis Page
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tung Nguyen-Dang
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yunpeng Qu
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Federica Sordo
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Fabien Sorin
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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45
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Yuan R, Nagarajan MB, Lee J, Voldman J, Doyle PS, Fink Y. Designable 3D Microshapes Fabricated at the Intersection of Structured Flow and Optical Fields. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1803585. [PMID: 30369043 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201803585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
3D structures with complex geometric features at the microscale, such as microparticles and microfibers, have promising applications in biomedical engineering, self-assembly, and photonics. Fabrication of complex 3D microshapes at scale poses a unique challenge; high-resolution methods such as two-photon-polymerization have print speeds too low for high-throughput production, while top-down approaches for bulk processing using microfabricated template molds have limited control of microstructure geometries over multiple axes. Here, a method for microshape fabrication is presented that combines a thermally drawn transparent fiber template with a masked UV-photopolymerization approach to enable biaxial control of microshape fabrication. Using this approach, high-resolution production of complex microshapes not producible using alternative methods is demonstrated, such as octahedrons, dreidels, and axially asymmetric fibers, at throughputs as high as 825 structures/minute. Finally, the fiber template is functionalized with conductive electrodes to enable hierarchical subparticle localization using dielectrophoretic forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodger Yuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Maxwell B Nagarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jaemyon Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Joel Voldman
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Patrick S Doyle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yoel Fink
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Microsystems Technology Laboratories, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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46
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Abstract
Traditional fabrication techniques for microfluidic devices utilize a planar chip format that possesses limited control over the geometry of and materials placement around microchannel cross-sections. This imposes restrictions on the design of flow fields and external forces (electric, magnetic, piezoelectric, etc.) that can be imposed onto fluids and particles. Here we report a method of fabricating microfluidic channels with complex cross-sections. A scaled-up version of a microchannel is dimensionally reduced through a thermal drawing process, enabling the fabrication of meters-long microfluidic fibers with nonrectangular cross-sectional shapes, such as crosses, five-pointed stars, and crescents. In addition, by codrawing compatible materials, conductive domains can be integrated at arbitrary locations along channel walls. We validate this technology by studying unexplored regimes in hydrodynamic flow and by designing a high-throughput cell separation device. By enabling these degrees of freedom in microfluidic device design, fiber microfluidics provides a method to create microchannel designs that are inaccessible using planar techniques.
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47
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Lee JH, Heo K, Schulz-Schönhagen K, Lee JH, Desai MS, Jin HE, Lee SW. Diphenylalanine Peptide Nanotube Energy Harvesters. ACS NANO 2018; 12:8138-8144. [PMID: 30071165 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b03118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Piezoelectric materials are excellent generators of clean energy, as they can harvest the ubiquitous vibrational and mechanical forces. We developed large-scale unidirectionally polarized, aligned diphenylalanine (FF) nanotubes and fabricated peptide-based piezoelectric energy harvesters. We first used the meniscus-driven self-assembly process to fabricate horizontally aligned FF nanotubes. The FF nanotubes exhibit piezoelectric properties as well as unidirectional polarization. In addition, the asymmetric shapes of the self-assembled FF nanotubes enable them to effectively translate external axial forces into shear deformation to generate electrical energy. The fabricated peptide-based piezoelectric energy harvesters can generate voltage, current, and power of up to 2.8 V, 37.4 nA, and 8.2 nW, respectively, with 42 N of force, and can power multiple liquid-crystal display panels. These peptide-based energy-harvesting materials will provide a compatible energy source for biomedical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hyuck Lee
- Department of Bioengineering and Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Kwang Heo
- Department of Bioengineering and Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Konstantin Schulz-Schönhagen
- Department of Bioengineering and Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Ju Hun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering and Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Malav S Desai
- Department of Bioengineering and Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Hyo-Eon Jin
- Department of Bioengineering and Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Seung-Wuk Lee
- Department of Bioengineering and Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
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48
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Diode fibres for fabric-based optical communications. Nature 2018; 560:214-218. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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49
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Parangusan H, Ponnamma D, Al-Maadeed MAA. Stretchable Electrospun PVDF-HFP/Co-ZnO Nanofibers as Piezoelectric Nanogenerators. Sci Rep 2018; 8:754. [PMID: 29335498 PMCID: PMC5768784 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-19082-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we investigate the morphology, structure and piezoelectric performances of neat polyvinylidene fluoride hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) and PVDF-HFP/Co-ZnO nanofibers, fabricated by electrospinning. An increase in the amount of crystalline β-phase of PVDF-HFP has been observed with the increase in Co-doped ZnO nanofiller concentration in the PVDF-HFP matrix. The dielectric constants of the neat PVDF-HFP and PVDF-HFP/2 wt.% Co-ZnO nanofibers are derived as 8 and 38 respectively. The flexible nanogenerator manipulated from the polymer nanocomposite (PVDF-HFP/Co-ZnO) exhibits an output voltage as high as 2.8 V compared with the neat PVDF-HFP sample (~120 mV). These results indicate that the investigated nanocomposite is appropriate for fabricating various flexible and wearable self-powered electrical devices and systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariam Al Ali Al-Maadeed
- Materials Science & Technology Program (MATS), College of Arts & Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
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50
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Li T, Feng ZQ, Yan K, Yuan T, Wei W, Yuan X, Wang C, Wang T, Dong W, Zheng J. Pure OPM nanofibers with high piezoelectricity designed for energy harvesting in vitro and in vivo. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:5343-5352. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01702f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pure OPM nanofibers with unprecedented high piezoelectricity are successfully fabricated and applied on the skin as a motion sensor and in arterial blood vessels as a nanogenerator for energy harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Zhang-Qi Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics
| | - Ke Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Department of Orthopedic
- Nanjing Jinling Hospital
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Wuting Wei
- Department of Orthopedic
- Nanjing Jinling Hospital
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Xu Yuan
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
- Nanjing Daniel New Mstar Technology Ltd
| | - Chao Wang
- Office of Science and Technology Research
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210096
- China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
| | - Wei Dong
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
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