1
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Zhou X, Jiang T, Tao Y, Ji Y, Wang J, Lai T, Zhong D. Evidence of Ferromagnetism and Ultrafast Dynamics of Demagnetization in an Epitaxial FeCl 2 Monolayer. ACS NANO 2024; 18:10912-10920. [PMID: 38613502 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The development of two-dimensional (2D) magnetism is driven not only by the interest of low-dimensional physics but also by potential applications in high-density miniaturized spintronic devices. However, 2D materials possessing a ferromagnetic order with a relatively high Curie temperature (Tc) are rare. In this paper, the evidence of ferromagnetism in monolayer FeCl2 on Au(111) surfaces, as well as the interlayer antiferromagnetic coupling of bilayer FeCl2, is characterized by using spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy. A Curie temperature (Tc) of ∼147 K is revealed for monolayer FeCl2, based on our static magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements. Furthermore, temperature-dependent magnetization dynamics is investigated by the time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect. A transition from one- to two-step demagnetization occurs as the lattice temperature approaches Tc, which supports the Elliott-Yafet spin relaxation mechanism. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms governing ultrafast magnetization in 2D ferromagnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhan Zhou
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Center for Neutron Science and Technology, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Guangzhou No. 89 Secondary School, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Tianran Jiang
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ye Tao
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Center for Neutron Science and Technology, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yi Ji
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Center for Neutron Science and Technology, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jingying Wang
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Center for Neutron Science and Technology, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Tianshu Lai
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Dingyong Zhong
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Center for Neutron Science and Technology, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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2
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Tokmachev AM. Networks of Hydrogen Bond Networks in Water Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:2763-2771. [PMID: 38536704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Water clusters play a prominent role in atmospheric and solution chemistry. Numerous arrangements of protons, H-bond configurations or networks, shape the cluster properties. Studies of small water clusters by cryogenic scanning tunneling microscopy and high-resolution rovibrational spectroscopy have established proton rearrangement mechanisms forming pathways between H-bond networks. The mechanisms, concerted tunneling in particular, describe the local processes connecting pairs of configurations. Here, proton rearrangement networks mapping these transformations are defined and explored to provide a global view of the H-bond configurations in clusters. The networks are constructed for clusters of different sizes and structures. Their analysis reveals an odd-even effect with respect to the number of water molecules, exponential growth of the small-world character, bimodality of the degree distributions, and gapped assortativity of the networks. The last two properties signify the unexpected division of H-bond configurations into two classes according to their network connectivity. The results demonstrate qualitative differences between proton rearrangement mechanisms, suggest a strong influence of the cluster structure. The generated networks are of interest as real-world models for network rewiring; they establish an alternative platform for studies of proton rearrangements in H-bonded systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey M Tokmachev
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatov Sq. 1, Moscow 123182, Russia
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3
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Han H, Park Y, Kim Y, Ding F, Shin HJ. Controlled dissolution of a single ion from a salt interface. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2401. [PMID: 38493203 PMCID: PMC10944500 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46704-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Interactions between monatomic ions and water molecules are fundamental to understanding the hydration of complex polyatomic ions and ionic process. Among the simplest and well-established ion-related reactions is dissolution of salt in water, which is an endothermic process requiring an increase in entropy. Extensive efforts have been made to date; however, most studies at single-ion level have been limited to theoretical approaches. Here, we demonstrate the salt dissolution process by manipulating a single water molecule at an under-coordinated site of a sodium chloride film. Manipulation of molecule in a controlled manner enables us to understand ion-water interaction as well as dynamics of water molecules at NaCl interfaces, which are responsible for the selective dissolution of anions. The water dipole polarizes the anion in the NaCl ionic crystal, resulting in strong anion-water interaction and weakening of the ionic bonds. Our results provide insights into a simple but important elementary step of the single-ion chemistry, which may be useful in ion-related sciences and technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjae Park
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yohan Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Hyung-Joon Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Priante F, Oinonen N, Tian Y, Guan D, Xu C, Cai S, Liljeroth P, Jiang Y, Foster AS. Structure Discovery in Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging of Ice. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38315583 PMCID: PMC10883028 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The interaction of water with surfaces is crucially important in a wide range of natural and technological settings. In particular, at low temperatures, unveiling the atomistic structure of adsorbed water clusters would provide valuable data for understanding the ice nucleation process. Using high-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning tunneling microscopy, several studies have demonstrated the presence of water pentamers, hexamers, and heptamers (and of their combinations) on a variety of metallic surfaces, as well as the initial stages of 2D ice growth on an insulating surface. However, in all of these cases, the observed structures were completely flat, providing a relatively straightforward path to interpretation. Here, we present high-resolution AFM measurements of several water clusters on Au(111) and Cu(111), whose understanding presents significant challenges due to both their highly 3D configuration and their large size. For each of them, we use a combination of machine learning, atomistic modeling with neural network potentials, and statistical sampling to propose an underlying atomic structure, finally comparing its AFM simulated images to the experimental ones. These results provide insights into the early phases of ice formation, which is a ubiquitous phenomenon ranging from biology to astrophysics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Priante
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Helsinki FI-00076, Finland
| | - Niko Oinonen
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Helsinki FI-00076, Finland
| | - Ye Tian
- International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Dong Guan
- International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Helsinki FI-00076, Finland
| | - Shuning Cai
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Helsinki FI-00076, Finland
| | - Peter Liljeroth
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Helsinki FI-00076, Finland
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Adam S Foster
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Helsinki FI-00076, Finland
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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5
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McDowell BW, Taber BN, Mills JM, Gervasi CF, Honda M, Nazin GV. Modulation of Carbon Nanotube Electronic Structure by Grain Boundary Defects in RbI on Au(111). J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:439-446. [PMID: 38189654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The electronic properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are known to be highly sensitive to environmental effects. Here, we use scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy to investigate the electronic properties of SWCNTs deposited on RbI monolayer films grown on Au(111). We find that grain boundary defects in RbI monolayers cause the appearance of spatially confined localized states in the SWCNTs. Our density functional theory calculations show that grain boundary defects in RbI/Au(111) produce a stabilizing electrostatic potential caused by reduced coordination of iodine atoms at the RbI grain boundary. The presented results may offer insights into the performance of devices involving transport through SWCNTs subjected to external electrostatic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W McDowell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, Oregon Center for Optical, Molecular, and Quantum Science, University of Oregon, 1253 University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Benjamen N Taber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, Oregon Center for Optical, Molecular, and Quantum Science, University of Oregon, 1253 University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Jon M Mills
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, Oregon Center for Optical, Molecular, and Quantum Science, University of Oregon, 1253 University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Christian F Gervasi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, Oregon Center for Optical, Molecular, and Quantum Science, University of Oregon, 1253 University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Motoaki Honda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, Oregon Center for Optical, Molecular, and Quantum Science, University of Oregon, 1253 University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - George V Nazin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, Oregon Center for Optical, Molecular, and Quantum Science, University of Oregon, 1253 University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
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6
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Chen X, Shan W, Wu D, Patel SB, Cai N, Li C, Ye S, Liu Z, Hwang S, Zakharov DN, Boscoboinik JA, Wang G, Zhou G. Atomistic mechanisms of water vapor-induced surface passivation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh5565. [PMID: 37910618 PMCID: PMC10619940 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh5565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The microscopic mechanisms underpinning the spontaneous surface passivation of metals from ubiquitous water have remained largely elusive. Here, using in situ environmental electron microscopy to atomically monitor the reaction dynamics between aluminum surfaces and water vapor, we provide direct experimental evidence that the surface passivation results in a bilayer oxide film consisting of a crystalline-like Al(OH)3 top layer and an inner layer of amorphous Al2O3. The Al(OH)3 layer maintains a constant thickness of ~5.0 Å, while the inner Al2O3 layer grows at the Al2O3/Al interface to a limiting thickness. On the basis of experimental data and atomistic modeling, we show the tunability of the dissociation pathways of H2O molecules with the Al, Al2O3, and Al(OH)3 surface terminations. The fundamental insights may have practical significance for the design of materials and reactions for two seemingly disparate but fundamentally related disciplines of surface passivation and catalytic H2 production from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Weitao Shan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Dongxiang Wu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Shyam Bharatkumar Patel
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Na Cai
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Chaoran Li
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Shuonan Ye
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Sooyeon Hwang
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Dmitri N. Zakharov
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | | | - Guofeng Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Guangwen Zhou
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
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7
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Chen P, Xu Q, Ding Z, Chen Q, Xu J, Cheng Z, Qiu X, Yuan B, Meng S, Yao N. Identification of a common ice nucleus on hydrophilic and hydrophobic close-packed metal surfaces. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5813. [PMID: 37726300 PMCID: PMC10509196 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41436-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Establishing a general model of heterogeneous ice nucleation has long been challenging because of the surface water structures found on different substrates. Identifying common water clusters, regardless of the underlying substrate, is one of the key steps toward solving this problem. Here, we demonstrate the presence of a common water cluster found on both hydrophilic Pt(111) and hydrophobic Cu(111) surfaces using scanning tunneling microscopy and non-contact atomic force microscopy. Water molecules self-assemble into a structure with a central flat-lying hexagon and three fused pentagonal rings, forming a cluster consisting of 15 individual water molecules. This cluster serves as a critical nucleus during ice nucleation on both surfaces: ice growth beyond this cluster bifurcates to form two-dimensional (three-dimensional) layers on hydrophilic (hydrophobic) surfaces. Our results reveal the inherent similarity and distinction at the initial stage of ice growth on hydrophilic and hydrophobic close-packed metal surfaces; thus, these observations provide initial evidence toward a general model for water-substrate interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Chen
- Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08540-8211, USA
| | - Qiuhao Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zijing Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Qing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jiyu Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhihai Cheng
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China, 100872, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, PR China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Bingkai Yuan
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, PR China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Nan Yao
- Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08540-8211, USA.
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8
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Liu S, Liu X, Li Y, Guo Q, Yu X, Yin Y, Jing H, Zhang P. Theoretical Prediction of the Anti-Icing Activity of Two-Dimensional Ice I. Molecules 2023; 28:6145. [PMID: 37630397 PMCID: PMC10459863 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) ice I is atomic-level ice that is composed of two interlocked atomic layers saturated with hydrogen bonds. It has recently been experimentally observed, but its properties have yet to be clarified. Accordingly, we theoretically studied the hydrophobic properties of 2D ice I. On the contrary, a simulation of a hydrogen fluoride molecule on a 2D ice surface manifested that it destroyed the 2D ice structure and connected new hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Investigations of the interfacial effect between 2D and three-dimensional (3D) ice films indicated that the network structure of 2D ice was not destroyed by a 3D ice surface, as the former was saturated with hydrogen bonds. However, the surface of 3D ice reorganized to form as many hydrogen bonds as possible. Thus, the 2D ice film was hydrophobic and inhibited the growth of 3D ice. This shows that if 2D ice can be produced on an industrial scale, it can be used as an anti-3D-icing agent under low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peng Zhang
- School of Space Science and Physics, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (S.L.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Q.G.); (X.Y.); (Y.Y.); (H.J.)
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9
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Duan S, Xu X. Accurate Simulations of Scanning Tunneling Microscope: Both Tip and Substrate States Matter. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:6726-6735. [PMID: 37470339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) provides an atomic-scale characterization tool. To this end, high-resolution measurements and accurate simulations must closely cooperate. Emerging experimental techniques, e.g., substrate spacers and tip modifications, suppress metallic couplings and improve the resolution. On the other hand, development of STM simulation methods was inactive in the past decade. Conventional simulations focus on the electronic structure of the substrate, often overlooking detailed descriptions of the tip states. Meanwhile, the overwhelming usage of periodic boundary conditions ensures effective simulations of only neutral systems. In this Perspective, we highlight the recent progress that takes the effects of both tip and substrate into account under either Tersoff-Hamann or Bardeen's approximation, which provides an accurate analysis of measured high-resolution STM results, uncovers underlying concepts, and rationally designs experimental protocols for important chemical systems. We hope this Perspective will stimulate broad interest in advanced STM simulations, highlighting the way forward for STM investigations that involve complex geometrical and electronic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Duan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, P. R. China
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10
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Sitha S. Ortho-para interconversion of nuclear states of H 2O through replica transition state: prospect of quantum entanglement at homodromic Bjerrum defect site. J Mol Model 2023; 29:242. [PMID: 37436555 PMCID: PMC10338397 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05646-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT From a nuclear spin prospective, water exists as para and ortho nuclear spin isomers (isotopomers). Spin interconversions in isolated molecules of water are forbidden, but many recent reports have shown them to happen in bulk, through dynamic proton exchanges happening between interconnected networks of a large array of water molecules. In this contribution, a possible explanation for an unexpected slow or delayed interconversion of ortho-para water in ice observed in an earlier reported experiment is provided. Using the results of quantum mechanical investigations, we have discussed the roles played by Bjerrum defects in the dynamic proton exchanges and ortho-para spin state interconversions. We guess that at the sites of the Bjerrum defects, there are possibilities of quantum entanglements of states, through pairwise interactions. Based on the perfectly correlated exchange happening via a replica transition state, we speculate that it can have significant influences on ortho-para interconversions of water. We also conjecture that the overall ortho-para interconversion is not a continuous process, rather can be imagined to be happening serendipitously, but within the boundary of the rules of quantum mechanics. METHODS All computations were performed with Gaussian 09 program. B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) methodology was used to compute all the stationary points. Further energy corrections were computed using CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ methodology. Intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) path computations were carried out for the transition states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanyasi Sitha
- Department of Chemical Sciences, APK Campus, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa.
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11
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Fang Y, Hu R, Ye JY, Qu H, Zhou ZY, Duan S, Tian ZQ, Xu X. Revealing the interfacial water structure on a p-nitrobenzoic acid specifically adsorbed Au(111) surface. Chem Sci 2023; 14:4905-4912. [PMID: 37181786 PMCID: PMC10171072 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00473b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The detailed structure of the water layer in the inner Helmholtz plane of a solid/aqueous solution interface is closely related to the electrochemical and catalytic performances of electrode materials. While the applied potential can have a great impact, specifically adsorbed species can also influence the interfacial water structure. With the specific adsorption of p-nitrobenzoic acid on the Au(111) surface, a protruding band above 3600 cm-1 appears in the electrochemical infrared spectra, indicating a distinct interfacial water structure as compared to that on bare metal surfaces, which displays a potential-dependent broad band in the range of 3400-3500 cm-1. Although three possible structures have been guessed for this protruding infrared band, the band assignment and interfacial water structure remain ambiguous in the past two decades. Herein, by combining surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy and our newly developed quantitative computational method for electrochemical infrared spectra, the protruding infrared band is clearly assigned to the surface-enhanced stretching mode of water molecules hydrogen-bonded to the adsorbed p-nitrobenzoate ions. Water molecules, meanwhile, are hydrogen-bonded with themselves to form chains of five-membered rings. Based on the reaction free energy diagram, we further demonstrate that both hydrogen-bonding interactions and coverages of specifically adsorbed p-nitrobenzoate play an important role in determining the structure of the water layer in the Au(111)/p-nitrobenzoic acid solution interface. Our work sheds light on structural studies of the inner Helmholtz plane under specific adsorptions, which advances the understanding of structure-property relationships in electrochemical and heterogeneous catalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Ren Hu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces (PCOSS), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jin-Yu Ye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces (PCOSS), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Hang Qu
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool 51 Oxford Street Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Zhi-You Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces (PCOSS), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Sai Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces (PCOSS), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
- Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088 China
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12
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Xu D, Pei Z, Yang X, Li Q, Zhang F, Zhu R, Cheng X, Ma L. A Review of Trends in Corrosion-Resistant Structural Steels Research-From Theoretical Simulation to Data-Driven Directions. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16093396. [PMID: 37176277 PMCID: PMC10179958 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper provides a review of models commonly used over the years in the study of microscopic models of material corrosion mechanisms, data mining methods and the corrosion-resistant performance control of structural steels. The virtual process of material corrosion is combined with experimental data to reflect the microscopic mechanism of material corrosion from a nano-scale to macro-scale, respectively. Data mining methods focus on predicting and modeling the corrosion rate and corrosion life of materials. Data-driven control of the corrosion resistance of structural steels is achieved through micro-alloying and organization structure control technology. Corrosion modeling has been used to assess the effects of alloying elements, grain size and organization purity on corrosion resistance, and to determine the contents of alloying elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xu
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zibo Pei
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaojia Yang
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Shunde Graduate School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Foshan 528399, China
| | - Qing Li
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key State Laboratories, Wuhan Research Institute of Materials Protection, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Renzheng Zhu
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xuequn Cheng
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- National Materials Corrosion and Protection Scientific Data Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lingwei Ma
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- National Materials Corrosion and Protection Scientific Data Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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13
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Duan S, Tian G, Xu X. A General Framework of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Based on Bardeen's Approximation for Isolated Molecules. JACS AU 2023; 3:86-92. [PMID: 36711086 PMCID: PMC9875243 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is one of the most popular techniques for precise characterization. Yet, its current theoretical implementation is often based on the periodic boundary condition with the Tersoff-Hamann approximation, which is inefficient to explore the tip states other than the s-wave and to treat properly the charged molecules that are ubiquitous in chemistry. In this work, we establish a general theoretical framework for STM image simulations, which is based on the Bardeen's approximation and utilizes the boundary condition of the cluster model. We develop an analytic algorithm for the precise evaluation of the transfer Hamiltonian matrix, addressing correctly the asymptotic behaviors of the tip states. Numerical results demonstrate that the molecular images under different STM tip states and mapping modes can be quantitatively simulated in the present framework, which paves the avenue for the conclusive investigation of the ground state electronic structures for either neutral or charged molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Duan
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key
Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, MOE Key
Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, P. R. China
| | - Guangjun Tian
- Key
Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key
Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, MOE Key
Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, P. R. China
- Hefei
National Laboratory, Hefei230088, P. R. China
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14
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Sacchi M, Tamtögl A. Water adsorption and dynamics on graphene and other 2D materials: Computational and experimental advances. ADVANCES IN PHYSICS: X 2022; 8:2134051. [PMID: 36816858 PMCID: PMC7614201 DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2022.2134051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of water and surfaces, at molecular level, is of critical importance for understanding processes such as corrosion, friction, catalysis and mass transport. The significant literature on interactions with single crystal metal surfaces should not obscure unknowns in the unique behaviour of ice and the complex relationships between adsorption, diffusion and long-range inter-molecular interactions. Even less is known about the atomic-scale behaviour of water on novel, non-metallic interfaces, in particular on graphene and other 2D materials. In this manuscript, we review recent progress in the characterisation of water adsorption on 2D materials, with a focus on the nano-material graphene and graphitic nanostructures; materials which are of paramount importance for separation technologies, electrochemistry and catalysis, to name a few. The adsorption of water on graphene has also become one of the benchmark systems for modern computational methods, in particular dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT). We then review recent experimental and theoretical advances in studying the single-molecular motion of water at surfaces, with a special emphasis on scattering approaches as they allow an unparalleled window of observation to water surface motion, including diffusion, vibration and self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Sacchi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - A. Tamtögl
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
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15
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The contribution of water molecules to the hydrogen evolution reaction. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1371-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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16
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Zuo K, Zhang X, Huang X, Oliveira EF, Guo H, Zhai T, Wang W, Alvarez PJJ, Elimelech M, Ajayan PM, Lou J, Li Q. Ultrahigh resistance of hexagonal boron nitride to mineral scale formation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4523. [PMID: 35927249 PMCID: PMC9352771 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32193-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation of mineral scale on a material surface has profound impact on a wide range of natural processes as well as industrial applications. However, how specific material surface characteristics affect the mineral-surface interactions and subsequent mineral scale formation is not well understood. Here we report the superior resistance of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) to mineral scale formation compared to not only common metal and polymer surfaces but also the highly scaling-resistant graphene, making hBN possibly the most scaling resistant material reported to date. Experimental and simulation results reveal that this ultrahigh scaling-resistance is attributed to the combination of hBN’s atomically-smooth surface, in-plane atomic energy corrugation due to the polar boron-nitrogen bond, and the close match between its interatomic spacing and the size of water molecules. The latter two properties lead to strong polar interactions with water and hence the formation of a dense hydration layer, which strongly hinders the approach of mineral ions and crystals, decreasing both surface heterogeneous nucleation and crystal attachment. Scale formation may have detrimental effects on the properties and functions of materials’ surfaces. Here the authors report the high scaling resistance of hexagonal boron nitride and relate it to the atomic level structure and interaction with water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuichang Zuo
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; College of Environment Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, MS 519, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.,NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Rice University, MS 6398, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Rice University, MS 6398, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.,Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Xiaochuan Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, MS 519, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.,NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Rice University, MS 6398, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Eliezer F Oliveira
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.,São Paulo State Department of Education, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Tianshu Zhai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Weipeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
| | - Pedro J J Alvarez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, MS 519, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.,NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Rice University, MS 6398, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Menachem Elimelech
- NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Rice University, MS 6398, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.,Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8286, USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Rice University, MS 6398, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
| | - Jun Lou
- NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Rice University, MS 6398, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
| | - Qilin Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, MS 519, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA. .,NSF Nanosystems Engineering Research Center Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Rice University, MS 6398, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA. .,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
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17
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Ivashchenko O. Cryo-SEM and confocal LSM studies of agar gel, nanoparticle hydrocolloid, mineral clays and saline solutions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9930. [PMID: 35705670 PMCID: PMC9200766 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14230-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryogenic electron microscopy became a powerful tool to study biological objects. For non-biological objects (solutions, gels, dispersions, clays), the polemic about interpretation of cryogenic microscopy results is still in progress splitting on two contradictive trends: considering structure as a near-real state of the sample or as freezing artefacts. In this study, a microstructure of a range of stable aqueous solutions and dispersions (agar, kaolin, montmorillonite, nanoparticles) was investigated by means of cryo-SEM and confocal LSM in order to compare cryo-fixed and unfrozen structures. Noticed correlation between these two methods for studied systems (agar, kaolin, montmorillonite, NPs) allowed to state that ordered microstructure is an inherent feature of these systems. Some inconsistencies in microstructure dimensions were discussed and prescribed to the differences in the bulk and interface layers. Supposedly, NaCl solutions also possess dynamic (femtosecond level) microstructure of neat water clusters and solvated Na+ and Cl- ions that may have an impact on electrolyte abnormal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Ivashchenko
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
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18
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Guo J, Jiang Y. Submolecular Insights into Interfacial Water by Hydrogen-Sensitive Scanning Probe Microscopy. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:1680-1692. [PMID: 35678704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusWater-solid interfaces have attracted extensive attention because of their crucial roles in a wide range of chemical and physical processes, such as ice nucleation and growth, dissolution, corrosion, heterogeneous catalysis, and electrochemistry. To understand these processes, enormous efforts have been made to obtain a molecular-level understanding of the structure and dynamics of water on various solid surfaces. By the use of scanning probe microscopy (SPM), many remarkable structures of H-bonding networks have been directly visualized, significantly advancing our understanding of the delicate competition between water-water and water-solid interactions. Moreover, the detailed dynamics of water molecules, such as diffusion, clustering, dissociation, and intermolecular and intramolecular proton transfer, have been investigated in a well-controlled manner by tip manipulation. However, resolving the submolecular structure of surface water has remained a great challenge for a long time because of the small size and light mass of protons. Discerning the position of hydrogen in water is not only crucial for the accurate determination of the structure of H-bonding networks but also indispensable in probing the proton transfer dynamics and the quantum nature of protons.In this Account, we focus on the recent advances in the H-sensitive SPM technique and its applications in probing the structures, dynamics, and nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) of surface water and ion hydrates at the submolecular level. First, we introduce the development of high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/S) and qPlus-based atomic force microscopy (qPlus-AFM), which allow access to the degrees of freedom of protons in both real and energy space. qPlus-AFM even allows imaging of interfacial water in a weakly perturbative manner by measuring the high-order electrostatic force between the CO-terminated tip and the polar water molecule, which enables the subtle difference of OH directionality to be discerned. Next we showcase the applications of H-sensitive STM/AFM in addressing several key issues related to water-solid interfaces. The surface wetting behavior and the H-bonding structure of low-dimensional ice on various hydrophilic and hydrophobic solid surfaces are characterized at the atomic scale. Then we discuss the quantitative assessment of NQEs of surface water, including proton tunneling and quantum delocalization. Moreover, the weakly perturbative and H-sensitive SPM technique can be also extended to investigations of water-ion interactions on solid surfaces, revealing the effect of hydration structure on the interfacial ion transport. Finally, we provide an outlook on the further directions and challenges for SPM studies of water-solid interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.,Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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19
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In-situ Raman spectral investigation into hydrogen bonding characteristics of supercritical water. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Xie L, Ding Y, Li D, Zhang C, Wu Y, Sun L, Liu M, Qiu X, Xu W. Local Chiral Inversion of Thymine Dimers by Manipulating Single Water Molecules. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5023-5028. [PMID: 35285637 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Water, as one of the most important and indispensable small molecules in vivo, plays a crucial role in driving biological self-assembly processes. Real-space detection and identification of water-induced organic structures and further capture of dynamic dehydration processes are important yet challenging, which would help to reveal the cooperation and competition mechanisms among water-involved noncovalent interactions. Herein, introduction of water molecules onto the self-assembled thymine (T) structures under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions results in the hydration of hydrogen-bonded T dimers forming a well-ordered water-involved T structure. Reversibly, a local dehydration process is achieved by in situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) manipulation on single water molecules, where the adjacent T dimers connected with water molecules undergo a local chiral inversion process with the hydrogen-bonding configuration preserved. Such a strategy enables real-space identification and detection of the interactions between water and organic molecules, which may also shed light on the understanding of biologically relevant self-assembly processes driven by water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xie
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanqi Ding
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China
| | - Donglin Li
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangfan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Luye Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China
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21
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Fan P, Gao J, Mao H, Geng Y, Yan Y, Wang Y, Goel S, Luo X. Scanning Probe Lithography: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:228. [PMID: 35208352 PMCID: PMC8878409 DOI: 10.3390/mi13020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput and high-accuracy nanofabrication methods are required for the ever-increasing demand for nanoelectronics, high-density data storage devices, nanophotonics, quantum computing, molecular circuitry, and scaffolds in bioengineering used for cell proliferation applications. The scanning probe lithography (SPL) nanofabrication technique is a critical nanofabrication method with great potential to evolve into a disruptive atomic-scale fabrication technology to meet these demands. Through this timely review, we aspire to provide an overview of the SPL fabrication mechanism and the state-the-art research in this area, and detail the applications and characteristics of this technique, including the effects of thermal aspects and chemical aspects, and the influence of electric and magnetic fields in governing the mechanics of the functionalized tip interacting with the substrate during SPL. Alongside this, the review also sheds light on comparing various fabrication capabilities, throughput, and attainable resolution. Finally, the paper alludes to the fact that a majority of the reported literature suggests that SPL has yet to achieve its full commercial potential and is currently largely a laboratory-based nanofabrication technique used for prototyping of nanostructures and nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Fan
- Centre for Precision Manufacturing, Department of DMEM, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK; (P.F.); (J.G.)
| | - Jian Gao
- Centre for Precision Manufacturing, Department of DMEM, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK; (P.F.); (J.G.)
| | - Hui Mao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;
| | - Yanquan Geng
- Center for Precision Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (Y.G.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yongda Yan
- Center for Precision Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (Y.G.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yuzhang Wang
- Center for Precision Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (Y.G.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Saurav Goel
- School of Engineering, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London SE1 0AA, UK;
- University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Xichun Luo
- Centre for Precision Manufacturing, Department of DMEM, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK; (P.F.); (J.G.)
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22
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In situ Raman spectroscopy reveals the structure and dissociation of interfacial water. Nature 2021; 600:81-85. [PMID: 34853456 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04068-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the structure and dynamic process of water at the solid-liquid interface is an extremely important topic in surface science, energy science and catalysis1-3. As model catalysts, atomically flat single-crystal electrodes exhibit well-defined surface and electric field properties, and therefore may be used to elucidate the relationship between structure and electrocatalytic activity at the atomic level4,5. Hence, studying interfacial water behaviour on single-crystal surfaces provides a framework for understanding electrocatalysis6,7. However, interfacial water is notoriously difficult to probe owing to interference from bulk water and the complexity of interfacial environments8. Here, we use electrochemical, in situ Raman spectroscopic and computational techniques to investigate the interfacial water on atomically flat Pd single-crystal surfaces. Direct spectral evidence reveals that interfacial water consists of hydrogen-bonded and hydrated Na+ ion water. At hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) potentials, dynamic changes in the structure of interfacial water were observed from a random distribution to an ordered structure due to bias potential and Na+ ion cooperation. Structurally ordered interfacial water facilitated high-efficiency electron transfer across the interface, resulting in higher HER rates. The electrolytes and electrode surface effects on interfacial water were also probed and found to affect water structure. Therefore, through local cation tuning strategies, we anticipate that these results may be generalized to enable ordered interfacial water to improve electrocatalytic reaction rates.
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23
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Xu BB, Zhou M, Ye M, Yang LY, Wang HF, Wang XL, Yao YF. Cooperative Motion in Water-Methanol Clusters Controls the Reaction Rates of Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10940-10947. [PMID: 34281341 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Detailed information about the influences of the cooperative motion of water and methanol molecules on practical solid-liquid heterogeneous photocatalysis reactions is critical for our understanding of photocatalytic reactions. The present work addresses this issue by applying operando nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, in conjunction with density functional theory (DFT) calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations, to investigate the dynamic behaviors of heterogeneous photocatalytic systems with different molar ratios of water to methanol on rutile-TiO2 photocatalyst. The results demonstrate that methanol and water molecules are involved in the cooperative motions, and the cooperation often takes the form of methanol-water clusters that govern the number of methanol molecules reaching to the active sites of the photocatalyst per unit time, as confirmed by the diffusion coefficients of the methanol molecule calculated in the binary methanol-water solutions. Nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy experiments reveal that the clusters are formed by the hydrogen bonding between the -OH groups of CH3OH and H2O. The formation of such methanol-water clusters is likely from an energetic standpoint in low-concentration methanol, which eventually determines the yields of methanol reforming products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Bei Xu
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Man Ye
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yun Yang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hai-Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xue Lu Wang
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye-Feng Yao
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
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24
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Abstract
It was reported that a scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) study observed the adsorption geometry of a water monomer and a tetramer on NaCl(100) film. Based on first-principles density functional theory (DFT), the adsorption behavior of water on the NaCl surface was simulated with CASTEP code. The results showed that the water monomer almost lay on the NaCl(001) surface with one O–H bond tilted slightly downward. This was quite different from the STM observations. In fact, the experimental observation was influenced by the Au(111) substrate, which showed an upright form. A recent report on observations of two-dimensional ice structure on Au(111) substrate verified our simulations. However, the water tetramer formed a stable quadrate structure on the surface, which was consistent with observation. The intermolecular hydrogen bonds present more strength than surface adsorption. The simulations presented a clearer picture than experimental observations.
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25
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Tamtögl A, Bahn E, Sacchi M, Zhu J, Ward DJ, Jardine AP, Jenkins SJ, Fouquet P, Ellis J, Allison W. Motion of water monomers reveals a kinetic barrier to ice nucleation on graphene. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3120. [PMID: 34035257 PMCID: PMC8149658 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23226-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The interfacial behaviour of water remains a central question to fields as diverse as protein folding, friction and ice formation. While the properties of water at interfaces differ from those in the bulk, major gaps in our knowledge limit our understanding at the molecular level. Information concerning the microscopic motion of water comes mostly from computation and, on an atomic scale, is largely unexplored by experiment. Here, we provide a detailed insight into the behaviour of water monomers on a graphene surface. The motion displays remarkably strong signatures of cooperative behaviour due to repulsive forces between the monomers, enhancing the monomer lifetime ( ≈ 3 s at 125 K) in a free-gas phase that precedes the nucleation of ice islands and, in turn, provides the opportunity for our experiments to be performed. Our results give a molecular perspective on a kinetic barrier to ice nucleation, providing routes to understand and control the processes involved in ice formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Tamtögl
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
| | - Emanuel Bahn
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marco Sacchi
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
| | - Jianding Zhu
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David J Ward
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Stephen J Jenkins
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - John Ellis
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - William Allison
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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26
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Bian K, Gerber C, Heinrich AJ, Müller DJ, Scheuring S, Jiang Y. Scanning probe microscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s43586-021-00033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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27
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Li J, Joseph T, Ghorbani-Asl M, Kolekar S, Krasheninnikov AV, Batzill M. Mirror twin boundaries in MoSe 2 monolayers as one dimensional nanotemplates for selective water adsorption. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:1038-1047. [PMID: 33393546 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08345c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Water adsorption on transition metal dichalcogenides and other 2D materials is generally governed by weak van der Waals interactions. This results in a hydrophobic character of the basal planes, and defects may play a significant role in water adsorption and water cluster nucleation. However, there is a lack of detailed experimental investigations on water adsorption on defective 2D materials. Here, by combining low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we study in that context the well-defined mirror twin boundary (MTB) networks separating mirror-grains in 2D MoSe2. These MTBs are dangling bond-free extended crystal modifications with metallic electronic states embedded in the 2D semiconducting matrix of MoSe2. Our DFT calculations indicate that molecular water also interacts similarly weak with these MTBs as with the defect-free basal plane of MoSe2. However, in low temperature STM experiments, nanoscopic water structures are observed that selectively decorate the MTB network. This localized adsorption of water is facilitated by functionalization of the MTBs by hydroxyls formed by dissociated water. Hydroxyls may form by dissociating of water at undercoordinated defects or adsorbing of radicals from the gas phase in the UHV chamber. Our DFT analysis indicates that the metallic MTBs adsorb these radicals much stronger than on the basal plane due to charge transfer from the metallic states into the molecular orbitals of the OH groups. Once the MTBs are functionalized with hydroxyls, molecular water can attach to them, forming water channels along the MTBs. This study demonstrates the role metallic defect states play in the adsorption of water even in the absence of unsaturated bonds that have been so far considered to be crucial for adsorption of hydroxyls or water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfeng Li
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33647, USA.
| | - Thomas Joseph
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mahdi Ghorbani-Asl
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sadhu Kolekar
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33647, USA.
| | - Arkady V Krasheninnikov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, 01328 Dresden, Germany and Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 11100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Matthias Batzill
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33647, USA.
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28
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Lu Y, Yan Y, Yu X, Zhou X, Feng S, Xu C, Zheng H, Yang Z, Li L, Liu K, Lin S. Polarized Water Driven Dynamic PN Junction-Based Direct-Current Generator. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2021; 2021:7505638. [PMID: 33623921 PMCID: PMC7877395 DOI: 10.34133/2021/7505638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
There is a rising prospective in harvesting energy from the environment, as in situ energy is required for the distributed sensors in the interconnected information society, among which the water flow energy is the most potential candidate as a clean and abundant mechanical source. However, for microscale and unordered movement of water, achieving a sustainable direct-current generating device with high output to drive the load element is still challenging, which requires for further exploration. Herein, we propose a dynamic PN water junction generator with moving water sandwiched between two semiconductors, which outputs a sustainable direct-current voltage of 0.3 V and a current of 0.64 μA. The mechanism can be attributed to the dynamic polarization process of water as moving dielectric medium in the dynamic PN water junction, under the Fermi level difference of two semiconductors. We further demonstrate an encapsulated portable power-generating device with simple structure and continuous direct-current voltage output of 0.11 V, which exhibits its promising potential application in the field of wearable devices and the IoTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghua Lu
- College of Microelectronics, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yanfei Yan
- College of Microelectronics, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xutao Yu
- College of Microelectronics, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sirui Feng
- College of Microelectronics, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chi Xu
- College of Microelectronics, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Haonan Zheng
- College of Microelectronics, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zunshan Yang
- College of Microelectronics, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Linjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kaihui Liu
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shisheng Lin
- College of Microelectronics, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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29
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Wen HF, Sang H, Sugawara Y, Li YJ. Imaging oxygen molecular adsorption and dissociation on the Ti site of rutile TiO 2(110) surface with real configuration at 78 K by atomic force microscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:19795-19801. [PMID: 32844830 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03549a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding oxygen adsorption and dissociation on the five-fold coordinated titanium (Ti5c) site of the rutile TiO2 surface is important in clarifying chemical reaction processes. Accordingly, three different configurations of molecularly adsorbed O2, including parallel side-on, inclined side-on and end-on configurations, and their dissociation were directly observed with atomic resolution at 78 K by atomic force microscopy. Our results experimentally demonstrated that the three adsorbed O2 configurations could be changed by electric field stimulation. The initial configurations of the adsorbed O2 and transition of O2 configurations were related to their coverage. On the other hand, the tunneling current stimulation could dissociate these O2 species, indicating that they are precursors for the O adatom (Oad). It is proposed that the effect of electric field stimulation contributes to the transition of these three adsorbed O2 configurations, and the effect of the tunneling current is the main factor for the dissociation of the adsorbed O2. In addition, based on the atomic contrast and height histograms of Oad, different charge states of Oad were observed, which could coexist on the surface region. The present study demonstrates an intuitional observation of O2 adsorption and dissociation on the Ti5c site, and thus is expected to be useful to understand the surface reactions on the oxide surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Fei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030051, China and Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
| | - Hongqian Sang
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Yasuhiro Sugawara
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030051, China and Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
| | - Yan Jun Li
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
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30
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Wen HF, Sugawara Y, Li YJ. Multi-Channel Exploration of O Adatom on TiO 2(110) Surface by Scanning Probe Microscopy. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10081506. [PMID: 32751956 PMCID: PMC7466602 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We studied the O2 dissociated state under the different O2 exposed temperatures with atomic resolution by scanning probe microscopy (SPM) and imaged the O adatom by simultaneous atomic force microscopy (AFM)/scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The effect of AFM operation mode on O adatom contrast was investigated, and the interaction of O adatom and the subsurface defect was observed by AFM/STM. Multi-channel exploration was performed to investigate the charge transfer between the adsorbed O and the TiO2(110) by obtaining the frequency shift, tunneling current and local contact potential difference at an atomic scale. The tunneling current image showed the difference of the tunneling possibility on the single O adatom and paired O adatoms, and the local contact potential difference distribution of the O-TiO2(110) surface institutively revealed the charge transfer from TiO2(110) surface to O adatom. The experimental results are expected to be helpful in investigating surface/interface properties by SPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Fei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (H.F.W.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sugawara
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (H.F.W.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yan Jun Li
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Correspondence:
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31
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Su H, Zhou W, Zhang H, Zhou W, Zhao X, Li Y, Liu M, Cheng W, Liu Q. Dynamic Evolution of Solid–Liquid Electrochemical Interfaces over Single-Atom Active Sites. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:12306-12313. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Su
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Wanlin Zhou
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Wu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Yuanli Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Meihuan Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Weiren Cheng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, Anhui P. R. China
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32
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Guo J, Cao D, Chen J, Bian K, Xu LM, Wang EG, Jiang Y. Probing the intermolecular coupled vibrations in a water cluster with inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:234301. [PMID: 32571057 DOI: 10.1063/5.0009385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydrogen-bonding networks of water have strong intra- and intermolecular vibrational coupling which influences the energy dissipation and proton transfer in water. Disentangling and quantitative characterization of different coupling effects in water at a single-molecular level still remains a great challenge. Using tip-enhanced inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS) based on low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy, we report the direct quantitative assessment of the intermolecular coupling constants of the OH-stretch vibrational bands of an isolated water tetramer adsorbed on a Au(111)-supported NaCl(001) bilayer film. This is achieved by distinguishing various coupled modes of the H-bonded O-H stretching vibrations through tip-height dependent IET spectra. In contrast, such vibrational coupling is negligible in the half-deuterated water tetramer owing to the large energy mismatch between the OH and OD stretching modes. Not only do these findings advance our understanding on the effects of local environment on the intermolecular vibrational coupling in water, but also open up a new route for vibrational spectroscopic studies of extended H-bonded network at the single-molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Duanyun Cao
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Chen
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Bian
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Mei Xu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - En-Ge Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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33
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Abbaspour M, Akbarzadeh H, Zaeifi S. Thermodynamics, Structure, and Dynamic Properties of Nanostructured Water Confined into B-, N-, and Si-Doped Graphene Surfaces and Carbon Nanotubes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Abbaspour
- Department of Chemistry, Hakim Sabzevari University, 96179-76487 Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Hamed Akbarzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Hakim Sabzevari University, 96179-76487 Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Shadi Zaeifi
- Department of Chemistry, Hakim Sabzevari University, 96179-76487 Sabzevar, Iran
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34
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Cheng S, Sharma V, Poyraz AS, Wu L, Li X, Marschilok AC, Takeuchi ES, Takeuchi KJ, Fernández-Serra M, Zhu Y. Water-induced formation of an alkali-ion dimer in cryptomelane nanorods. Chem Sci 2020; 11:4991-4998. [PMID: 34122955 PMCID: PMC8159252 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01517b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tunneled metal oxides such as α-Mn8O16 (hollandite) have proven to be compelling candidates for charge-storage materials in high-density batteries. In particular, the tunnels can support one-dimensional chains of K+ ions (which act as structure-stabilizing dopants) and H2O molecules, as these chains are favored by strong H-bonds and electrostatic interactions. In this work, we examine the role of water molecules in enhancing the stability of K+-doped α-Mn8O16 (cryptomelane). The combined experimental and theoretical analyses show that for high enough concentrations of water and tunnel-ions, H2O displaces K+ ions from their natural binding sites. This displacement becomes energetically favorable due to the formation of K2+ dimers, thereby modifying the stoichiometric charge of the system. These findings have potentially significant technological implications for the consideration of cryptomelane as a Li+/Na+ battery electrode. Our work establishes the functional role of water in altering the energetics and structural properties of cryptomelane, an observation that has frequently been overlooked in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobo Cheng
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
| | - Vidushi Sharma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794-3800 USA
- Institute for Advanced Computational Science, Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | - Altug S Poyraz
- Energy Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kennesaw State University Kennesaw GA 30144 USA
| | - Lijun Wu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
| | - Xing Li
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University Daxue Road 75 Zhengzhou 450052 China
| | - Amy C Marschilok
- Energy Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | - Esther S Takeuchi
- Energy Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | - Kenneth J Takeuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | - Marivi Fernández-Serra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794-3800 USA
- Institute for Advanced Computational Science, Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | - Yimei Zhu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
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35
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Li J, Xu Q, Sun L, Xu J, Hao D, Tang X, Shan X, Meng S, Lu X. Rotational and Vibrational Excitations of a Single Water Molecule by Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:1650-1655. [PMID: 32039599 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two low-energy excitations of a single water molecule are observed via inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy, where a significant enhancement is achieved by attaching the molecule to the tip apex in a scanning tunneling microscope. Density functional theory simulations and quantum mechanical calculations of an asymmetric top are carried out to reveal the origin of both excitations. Variations in tunneling junction separation give rise to the quantum confinement effect on the quantum state of a water molecule in the tunneling junction. Our results demonstrate a potential method for measuring the dynamic behavior of a single molecule confined in a tunneling junction, where the molecule-substrate interaction can be purposely tuned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qiuhao Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lihuan Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiyu Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dong Hao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiangqian Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xinyan Shan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Laboratory for Materials Science, Dongguan, Guangdong 523000, China
| | - Xinghua Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Laboratory for Materials Science, Dongguan, Guangdong 523000, China
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36
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37
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Hardikar RP, Mondal U, Thakkar FM, Roy S, Ghosh P. Theoretical investigations of a platinum-water interface using quantum-mechanics-molecular-mechanics based molecular dynamics simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:24345-24353. [PMID: 31663549 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03558c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pt-water interfaces have been of immense interest in the field of energy storage and conversion. Studying this interface using both experimental and theoretical tools is challenging. On the theoretical front, typically one uses classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to handle large system sizes or time scales while for a more accurate quantum mechanical description Born Oppenheimer MD (BOMD) is typically used. The latter is limited to smaller system sizes and time-scales. In this study using quantum-mechanics-molecular-mechanics (QMMM), we have performed atomistic MD simulations to have a microscopic understanding of the structure of the Pt-water interface using a system size that is much larger than that accessible when using BOMD simulations. In contrast to recent reports using BOMD simulations, our study reveals that the water molecules typically form two distinct layers above the Pt-surface before they form bulk like structures. Further, we also find that a significant fraction of the water molecules at the interface are pointed towards the surface thereby disrupting the H-bond network. Consistent with this observation, the layer resolved oxygen-oxygen radial distribution function for the water molecules belonging to the solvating water layer shows a high density liquid like behaviour even though the overall water behaves like a low density liquid. A charge transfer analysis reveals that this solvating water layer donates electrons to the Pt atoms in contact with it thereby resulting in the formation of an interface dipole that is pointing towards the surface. Our results suggest that, using QMMM-MD, on one hand it is possible to study more realistic models of solid-liquid interfaces that are inaccessible with BOMD, while on the other hand one also has access to information about such systems that are not obtained from conventional classical MD simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Hardikar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India.
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38
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Cao D, Song Y, Peng J, Ma R, Guo J, Chen J, Li X, Jiang Y, Wang E, Xu L. Advances in Atomic Force Microscopy: Weakly Perturbative Imaging of the Interfacial Water. Front Chem 2019; 7:626. [PMID: 31572715 PMCID: PMC6751248 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure and dynamics of interfacial water, determined by the water-interface interactions, are important for a wide range of applied fields and natural processes, such as water diffusion (Kim et al., 2013), electrochemistry (Markovic, 2013), heterogeneous catalysis (Over et al., 2000), and lubrication (Zilibotti et al., 2013). The precise understanding of water-interface interactions largely relies on the development of atomic-scale experimental techniques (Guo et al., 2014) and computational methods (Hapala et al., 2014b). Scanning probe microscopy has been extensively applied to probe interfacial water in many interdisciplinary fields (Ichii et al., 2012; Shiotari and Sugimoto, 2017; Peng et al., 2018a). In this perspective, we review the recent progress in the noncontact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) imaging and AFM simulation techniques and discuss how the newly developed techniques are applied to study the properties of interfacial water. The nc-AFM with the quadrupole-like CO-terminated tip can achieve ultrahigh-resolution imaging of the interfacial water on different surfaces, trace the reconstruction of H-bonding network and determine the intrinsic structures of the weakly bonded water clusters and even their metastable states. In the end, we present an outlook on the directions of future AFM studies of interfacial water as well as the challenges faced by this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duanyun Cao
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhi Song
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinbo Peng
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Runze Ma
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Guo
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Chen
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzheng Li
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Enge Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Ceramics Division, Songshan Lake Materials Lab, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China.,School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Limei Xu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China
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39
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Yin Y, Wang J, Wang X, Li S, Jorgensen MR, Ren J, Meng S, Ma L, Schmidt OG. Water nanostructure formation on oxide probed in situ by optical resonances. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax6973. [PMID: 31692752 PMCID: PMC6814375 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax6973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic characterization of water multilayers on oxide surfaces is hard to achieve by currently available techniques. Despite this, there is an increasing interest in the evolution of water nanostructures on oxides to fully understand the complex dynamics of ice nucleation and growth in natural and artificial environments. Here, we report the in situ detection of the dynamic evolution of nanoscale water layers on an amorphous oxide surface probed by optical resonances. In the water nanolayer growth process, we find an initial nanocluster morphology that turns into a planar layer beyond a critical thickness. In the reverse process, the planar water film converts to nanoclusters, accompanied by a transition from a planar amorphous layer to crystalline nanoclusters. Our results are explained by a simple thermodynamic model as well as kinetic considerations. Our work represents an approach to reveal the nanostructure and dynamics at the water-oxide interface using resonant light probing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Yin
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Shilong Li
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthew R. Jorgensen
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Junfeng Ren
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Libo Ma
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Oliver G. Schmidt
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Rosenbergstraße 6, TU Chemnitz, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
- Nanophysics, Faculty of Physics, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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40
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Si N, Shen T, Zhou D, Tang Q, Jiang Y, Ji Q, Huang H, Liu W, Li S, Niu T. Imaging and Dynamics of Water Hexamer Confined in Nanopores. ACS NANO 2019; 13:10622-10630. [PMID: 31487147 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Epitaxial two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures with regular patterns show great promise as templates for adsorbate confinement. Prospectively, employing 2D semiconductors with reduced density of states leads to a long excited-state lifetime that allows us to directly image the dynamics of the adsorbate. We show that epitaxial blue phosphorene (blueP) on Au(111) provides such a platform to trap water molecules in the periodic nanopores without formation of strong bonds. The trapped water aggregate is tentatively assigned to a hexamer based on our scanning tunneling microscopy studies and first-principles calculations. Real-space observation of conformational switching of the hexamer induced by inelastic electrons is achieved by using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy with molecular resolution. We found a localized interfacial charge rearrangement between the water hexamer and P atoms underneath that is responsible for the reversible desorption and adsorption of water molecules by changing the sample bias polarity from positive to negative, offering a promising strategy for engineering the electronic properties of blueP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Si
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing University of Science & Technology , No. 200 , Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094 , People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Shen
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094 , People's Republic of China
| | - Dechun Zhou
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing University of Science & Technology , No. 200 , Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Tang
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing University of Science & Technology , No. 200 , Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Jiang
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing University of Science & Technology , No. 200 , Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qingmin Ji
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing University of Science & Technology , No. 200 , Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094 , People's Republic of China
| | - Han Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, College of Physics and Electronics , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Li
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094 , People's Republic of China
| | - Tianchao Niu
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing University of Science & Technology , No. 200 , Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094 , People's Republic of China
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41
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Truhlar DG, Hiberty PC, Shaik S, Gordon MS, Danovich D. Orbitals and the Interpretation of Photoelectron Spectroscopy and (e,2e) Ionization Experiments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute University of Minnesota 207 Pleasant St. SE Minneapolis MN 55455-0431 USA
| | - Philippe C. Hiberty
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, CNRS UMR8000, Bat. 349 Université de Paris-Sud 91405 Orsay Cédex France
| | - Sason Shaik
- Institute of Chemistry The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Givant-Ram Campus Jerusalem 9190407 Israel
| | - Mark S. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory Ames IA 50014 USA
| | - David Danovich
- Institute of Chemistry The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Givant-Ram Campus Jerusalem 9190407 Israel
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42
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Thickness and Structure of Adsorbed Water Layer and Effects on Adhesion and Friction at Nanoasperity Contact. COLLOIDS AND INTERFACES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/colloids3030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Most inorganic material surfaces exposed to ambient air can adsorb water, and hydrogen bonding interactions among adsorbed water molecules vary depending on, not only intrinsic properties of material surfaces, but also extrinsic working conditions. When dimensions of solid objects shrink to micro- and nano-scales, the ratio of surface area to volume increases greatly and the contribution of water condensation on interfacial forces, such as adhesion (Fa) and friction (Ft), becomes significant. This paper reviews the structural evolution of the adsorbed water layer on solid surfaces and its effect on Fa and Ft at nanoasperity contact for sphere-on-flat geometry. The details of the underlying mechanisms governing water adsorption behaviors vary depending on the atomic structure of the substrate, surface hydrophilicity and atmospheric conditions. The solid surfaces reviewed in this paper include metal/metallic oxides, silicon/silicon oxides, fluorides, and two-dimensional materials. The mechanism by which water condensation influences Fa is discussed based on the competition among capillary force, van der Waals force and the rupture force of solid-like water bridge. The condensed meniscus and the molecular configuration of the water bridge are influenced by surface roughness, surface hydrophilicity, temperature, sliding velocity, which in turn affect the kinetics of water condensation and interfacial Ft. Taking the effects of the thickness and structure of adsorbed water into account is important to obtain a full understanding of the interfacial forces at nanoasperity contact under ambient conditions.
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43
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Truhlar DG, Hiberty PC, Shaik S, Gordon MS, Danovich D. Orbitals and the Interpretation of Photoelectron Spectroscopy and (e,2e) Ionization Experiments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:12332-12338. [PMID: 31081208 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Electron momentum spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, and photoelectron spectroscopy provide unique information about electronic structure, but their interpretation has been controversial. This essay discusses a framework for interpretation. Although this interpretation is not new, we believe it is important to present this framework in light of recent publications. The key point is that these experiments provide information about how the electron distribution changes upon ionization, not how electrons behave in the pre-ionized state. Therefore, these experiments do not lead to a "selection of the correct orbitals" in chemistry and do not overturn the well-known conclusion that both delocalized molecular orbitals and localized molecular orbitals are useful for interpreting chemical structure and dynamics. The two types of orbitals can produce identical total molecular electron densities and therefore molecular properties. Different types of orbitals are useful for different purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455-0431, USA
| | - Philippe C Hiberty
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, CNRS UMR8000, Bat. 349, Université de Paris-Sud, 91405, Orsay Cédex, France
| | - Sason Shaik
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givant-Ram Campus, Jerusalem, 9190407, Israel
| | - Mark S Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50014, USA
| | - David Danovich
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givant-Ram Campus, Jerusalem, 9190407, Israel
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44
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Li CY, Le JB, Wang YH, Chen S, Yang ZL, Li JF, Cheng J, Tian ZQ. In situ probing electrified interfacial water structures at atomically flat surfaces. NATURE MATERIALS 2019; 18:697-701. [PMID: 31036960 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-019-0356-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Solid/liquid interfaces are ubiquitous in nature and knowledge of their atomic-level structure is essential in elucidating many phenomena in chemistry, physics, materials science and Earth science1. In electrochemistry, in particular, the detailed structure of interfacial water, such as the orientation and hydrogen-bonding network in electric double layers under bias potentials, has a significant impact on the electrochemical performances of electrode materials2-4. To elucidate the structures of electric double layers at electrochemical interfaces, we combine in situ Raman spectroscopy and ab initio molecular dynamics and distinguish two structural transitions of interfacial water at electrified Au single-crystal electrode surfaces. Towards negative potentials, the interfacial water molecules evolve from structurally 'parallel' to 'one-H-down' and then to 'two-H-down'. Concurrently, the number of hydrogen bonds in the interfacial water also undergoes two transitions. Our findings shed light on the fundamental understanding of electric double layers and electrochemical processes at the interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jia-Bo Le
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yao-Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Yang
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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45
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Qi C, Lei X, Zhou B, Wang C, Zheng Y. Temperature regulation of the contact angle of water droplets on the solid surfaces. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:234703. [PMID: 31228915 DOI: 10.1063/1.5090529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate theoretically the stability of the wetting property, i.e., the contact angle values, as a function of the temperature. We find that the estimated temperature coefficient of the contact angle for the water droplets on an ordered water monolayer on a 100 surface of face-center cubic (FCC) is about one order of magnitude larger than that on a hydrophobic hexagonal surface in the temperature range between 290 K and 350 K, using molecular dynamics simulations. As temperature rises, the number of hydrogen bonds between the ordered water monolayer and the water droplet will increase, which therefore enhances the hydrophilicity of the ordered water monolayer at the FCC model surface. Our work thus provides an easily controllable and reversible way to control the degree of hydrophobicity of various solid surfaces exhibiting a similar wetting property of water droplets on the ordered water monolayer as such particular FCC (100) surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonghai Qi
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaoling Lei
- Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhou
- School of Electronic Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu 611730, China
| | - Chunlei Wang
- Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujun Zheng
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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46
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Wang H, Zhao X, Huang C, Jin X, Wei D, Dai D, Ma Z, Li WX, Yang X. Adsorption Features of Formaldehyde on TiO 2(110) Surface Probed by High-Resolution Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3352-3358. [PMID: 31181938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report a real-space imaging of formaldehyde (HCHO) adsorption on a TiO2(110) surface probed by high-resolution scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM). Density functional theory calculations (DFT) were carried out to assign the observed features. The adsorptions occur exclusively on 5-fold coordinated Ti (Ti5c) sites and oxygen vacancies (OVs). The well-resolved configurations on the Ti5c sites feature the overlapping of the two "dumbbell" structures which are originated from the empty orbitals of HCHO. The STM images for the physical adsorption of HCHO on the OV sites appear fuzzy because of the rapid switching of HCHO among the three stable orientations, while those for the chemical adsorption are much clearer, revealing a distinctive difference between chemical and physical adsorptions. This work presents a systematic characterization of the topological features of HCHO/TiO2(110) and provides useful information for mechanical understanding of the reaction mechanism of HCHO on the surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science , Dalian , Liaoning 116023 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xiangyun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science , Dalian , Liaoning 116023 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Chuanqi Huang
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies , Zhejiang Normal University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 311231 , China
| | - Xianchi Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science , Dalian , Liaoning 116023 , China
- Scienta Omicron GmbH , Limburger Strasse , 7565232 Taunusstein , Germany
| | - Dong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science , Dalian , Liaoning 116023 , China
| | - Dongxu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science , Dalian , Liaoning 116023 , China
| | - Zhibo Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science , Dalian , Liaoning 116023 , China
| | - Wei-Xue Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science , Dalian , Liaoning 116023 , China
- Department of Chemistry , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
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47
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Daru J, Gupta PK, Marx D. Restricting Solvation to Two Dimensions: Soft Landing of Microsolvated Ions on Inert Surfaces. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:831-835. [PMID: 30707837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b03801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to scrutinize dimensional restriction effects on finite hydrogen-bonded networks, we deposit ion-doped water clusters by computational soft landing on a chemically inert supported xenon surface. In stark contrast to the much studied metal or metal oxide surfaces, the rare gas surface interacts only rather weakly and nondirectionally with these networks. Surprisingly, the strongly bound Na+-doped networks undergo very significant plastic deformations, whereas the weakly bound Cl- counterparts barely change upon surface deposition. This counterintuitive finding is traced back to the significantly less favorable water-water interactions enforced by the cation, which results in an easier adaption to geometric restrictions, whereas H-bonding stabilizes the anionic clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Daru
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , 44780 Bochum , Germany
| | - Prashant Kumar Gupta
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , 44780 Bochum , Germany
| | - Dominik Marx
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , 44780 Bochum , Germany
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48
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The Mechanism of Adsorption, Diffusion, and Photocatalytic Reaction of Organic Molecules on TiO2 Revealed by Means of On-Site Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Observations. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8120616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of organic molecules and titanium dioxide (TiO2) plays a crucial role in many industry-oriented applications and an understanding of its mechanism can be helpful for the improvement of catalytic efficiency of TiO2. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has been proved to be a powerful tool in characterizing reaction pathways due to its ability in providing on-site images during the catalytic process. Over the past two decades, many research interests have been focused on the elementary reaction steps, such as adsorption, diffusion, and photocatalytic reaction, occurring between organic molecules and model TiO2 surfaces. This review collects the recent studies where STM was utilized to study the interaction of TiO2 with three classes of representative organic molecules, i.e., alcohols, carboxylic acids, and aromatic compounds. STM can provide direct evidence for the adsorption configuration, diffusion route, and photocatalytic pathway. In addition, the combination of STM with other techniques, including photoemission spectroscopy (PES), temperature programmed desorption (TPD), and density functional theory (DFT), have been discussed for more insights related to organic molecules-TiO2 interaction.
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49
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Dong A, Yan L, Sun L, Yan S, Shan X, Guo Y, Meng S, Lu X. Identifying Few-Molecule Water Clusters with High Precision on Au(111) Surface. ACS NANO 2018; 12:6452-6457. [PMID: 29812905 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b02264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Revealing the nature of a hydrogen-bond network in water structures is one of the imperative objectives of science. With the use of a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope, water clusters on a Au(111) surface were directly imaged with molecular resolution by a functionalized tip. The internal structures of the water clusters as well as the geometry variations with the increase of size were identified. In contrast to a buckled water hexamer predicted by previous theoretical calculations, our results present deterministic evidence for a flat configuration of water hexamers on Au(111), corroborated by density functional theory calculations with properly implemented van der Waals corrections. The consistency between the experimental observations and improved theoretical calculations not only renders the internal structures of absorbed water clusters unambiguously, but also directly manifests the crucial role of van der Waals interactions in constructing water-solid interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anning Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed-Matter Physics and Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed-Matter Physics and Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lihuan Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed-Matter Physics and Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shichao Yan
- School of Physical Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai , 201210 , China
| | - Xinyan Shan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed-Matter Physics and Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed-Matter Physics and Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed-Matter Physics and Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghua Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed-Matter Physics and Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
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50
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Meier M, Hulva J, Jakub Z, Pavelec J, Setvin M, Bliem R, Schmid M, Diebold U, Franchini C, Parkinson GS. Water agglomerates on Fe 3O 4(001). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E5642-E5650. [PMID: 29866854 PMCID: PMC6016784 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1801661115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining the structure of water adsorbed on solid surfaces is a notoriously difficult task and pushes the limits of experimental and theoretical techniques. Here, we follow the evolution of water agglomerates on Fe3O4(001); a complex mineral surface relevant in both modern technology and the natural environment. Strong OH-H2O bonds drive the formation of partially dissociated water dimers at low coverage, but a surface reconstruction restricts the density of such species to one per unit cell. The dimers act as an anchor for further water molecules as the coverage increases, leading first to partially dissociated water trimers, and then to a ring-like, hydrogen-bonded network that covers the entire surface. Unraveling this complexity requires the concerted application of several state-of-the-art methods. Quantitative temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) reveals the coverage of stable structures, monochromatic X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) shows the extent of partial dissociation, and noncontact atomic force microscopy (AFM) using a CO-functionalized tip provides a direct view of the agglomerate structure. Together, these data provide a stringent test of the minimum-energy configurations determined via a van der Waals density functional theory (DFT)-based genetic search.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Meier
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
- Center for Computational Materials Science, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Hulva
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Zdeněk Jakub
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jiří Pavelec
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Setvin
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland Bliem
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Schmid
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrike Diebold
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Cesare Franchini
- Center for Computational Materials Science, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gareth S Parkinson
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria;
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