1
|
Wu J, Zhang Y, Hu J, Yang Y, Jin D, Liu W, Huang D, Jia B, Moss DJ. 2D Graphene Oxide Films Expand Functionality of Photonic Chips. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2403659. [PMID: 38843445 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
On-chip integration of 2D materials with unique structures and properties endow integrated devices with new functionalities and improved performance. With high flexibility in ways to modify its properties and compatibility with integrated platforms, graphene oxide (GO) is an exceptionally attractive 2D material for hybrid integrated photonic chips. Here, by harnessing unique property changes induced by photothermal effects in 2D GO films, novel functionalities beyond the capability of photonic integrated circuits are demonstrated. These include all-optical control and tuning, optical power limiting, and nonreciprocal light transmission. The 2D layered GO films are integrated onto photonic chips with precise control of their thickness and size. Benefitting from the broadband optical response of 2D GO films, all three functionalities feature a very wide operational optical bandwidth. By fitting the experimental results with theory, the changes in GO film properties induced by the photothermal effects are analyzed, revealing interesting insights about the physics of 2D GO films. These results highlight the versatility of 2D GO films in implementing new functions for integrated photonic devices for a wide range of applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Wu
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Optical Microcombs for Breakthrough Science (COMBS), Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
- School of Physics, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Junkai Hu
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yunyi Yang
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Di Jin
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
- School of Science, Centre for Atomaterials and Nanomanufacturing, Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training, Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Duan Huang
- School of Electronic Information, Central South University, Changsha, 410038, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Baohua Jia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Optical Microcombs for Breakthrough Science (COMBS), Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- School of Science, Centre for Atomaterials and Nanomanufacturing, Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training, Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - David J Moss
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Optical Microcombs for Breakthrough Science (COMBS), Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu Y, Huang Z, Zhang Z, Ding B, Li P, Liu J, Hao Y, Dai L, Zhang H, Zhu C, Cai W, Liu B. An Electro-Optical Kerr Device Based on 2D Boron Nitride Liquid Crystals for Solar-Blind Communications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307330. [PMID: 38497596 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Achieving light modulation in the spectral range of 200-280 nm is a prerequisite for solar-blind ultraviolet communication, where current technologies are mainly based on the electro-luminescent self-modulation of the ultraviolet source. External light modulation through the electro-birefringence control of liquid crystal (LC) devices has shown success in the visible-to-infrared regions. However, the poor stability of conventional LCs against ultraviolet irradiation and their weak electro-optical response make it challenging to modulate ultraviolet light. Here, an external ultraviolet light modulator is demonstrated using two-dimensional boron nitride LC. It exhibits robust ultraviolet stability and a record-high specific electro-optical Kerr coefficient of 5.1 × 10⁻2 m V-2, being three orders of magnitude higher than those of other known electro-optical media that are transparent (or potentially transparent) in the ultraviolent spectral range. The sensitive response enables fabricating transmissive and stable ultraviolet-C electro-optical Kerr modulators for solar-blind ultraviolet light. An M-ary coding array with high transmission density is also demonstrated for solar-blind ultraviolet communication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youan Xu
- Xi'an Research Institute of High Technology, Xi'an, 710025, China
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ziyang Huang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zehao Zhang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Baofu Ding
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality/Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, CAS, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Peixuan Li
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiarong Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yugan Hao
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lixin Dai
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Caizhen Zhu
- Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Xi'an Research Institute of High Technology, Xi'an, 710025, China
| | - Bilu Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Chhowalla M. Pixels from two-dimensional vermiculite mineral. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwae159. [PMID: 38887311 PMCID: PMC11182666 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang S, Ghosh N, Niu C, Chen YP, Ye PD, Xu X. Optically Gated Electrostatic Field-Effect Thermal Transistor. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:5139-5145. [PMID: 38639471 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c05085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic tuning of thermal transport in solids is scientifically intriguing with wide applications for thermal transport control in electronic devices. In this work, we demonstrate a thermal transistor, a device in which heat flow can be regulated using external control, realized in a topological insulator (TI) through the topological surface states. The tuning of thermal transport is achieved by using optical gating of a thin dielectric layer deposited on the TI film. The gate-dependent thermal conductivity is measured using micro-Raman thermometry. The transistor has a large ON/OFF ratio of 2.8 at room temperature and can be continuously and repetitively switched in tens of seconds by optical gating and potentially much faster by electrical gating. Such thermal transistors with a large ON/OFF ratio and fast switching times offer the possibilities of smart thermal devices for active thermal management and control in future electronic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shouyuan Huang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Neil Ghosh
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Chang Niu
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yong P Chen
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Peide D Ye
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Xianfan Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang Z, Zhang Z, Zhang R, Ding B, Yang L, Wu K, Xu Y, Zhong G, Ren C, Liu J, Hao Y, Wu M, Ma T, Liu B. An inorganic liquid crystalline dispersion with 2D ferroelectric moieties. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwae108. [PMID: 38680206 PMCID: PMC11055536 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Electro-optical effect-based liquid crystal devices have been extensively used in optical modulation techniques, in which the Kerr coefficient reflects the sensitivity of the liquid crystals and determines the strength of the device's operational electric field. The Peterlin-Stuart theory and the O'Konski model jointly indicate that a giant Kerr coefficient could be obtained in a material with both a large geometrical anisotropy and an intrinsic polarization, but such a material is not yet reported. Here we reveal a ferroelectric effect in a monolayer two-dimensional mineral vermiculite. A large geometrical anisotropy factor and a large inherent electric dipole together raise the record value of Kerr coefficient by an order of magnitude, till 3.0 × 10-4 m V-2. This finding enables an ultra-low operational electric field of 102-104 V m-1 and the fabrication of electro-optical devices with an inch-level electrode separation, which has not previously been practical. Because of its high ultraviolet stability (decay <1% under ultraviolet exposure for 1000 hours), large-scale production, and energy efficiency, prototypical displayable billboards have been fabricated for outdoor interactive scenes. This work provides new insights for both liquid crystal optics and two-dimensional ferroelectrics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Huang
- Shenzhen Graphene Centre, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua−Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zehao Zhang
- Shenzhen Graphene Centre, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua−Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Rongjie Zhang
- Shenzhen Graphene Centre, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua−Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Baofu Ding
- Shenzhen Graphene Centre, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua−Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Physics and Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Keyou Wu
- Shenzhen Graphene Centre, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua−Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Youan Xu
- Shenzhen Graphene Centre, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua−Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Xi'an Research Institute of High Technology, Xi'an 710025, China
| | - Gaokuo Zhong
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chuanlai Ren
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiarong Liu
- Shenzhen Graphene Centre, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua−Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yugan Hao
- Shenzhen Graphene Centre, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua−Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Menghao Wu
- School of Physics and Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bilu Liu
- Shenzhen Graphene Centre, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications, Tsinghua−Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang B, Chen Z, Wang C, Zhang L, Xiao S. Regular arrangement of dispersed 2D flakes detected by polarization of light. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:15586-15596. [PMID: 38859206 DOI: 10.1364/oe.520357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Regular arrangement of dispersed 2D flakes, as the "Wind-Chime" model, has been regarded as possible mechanism of spatial self-phase modulation. But this regular arrangement caused by the laser have not been confirmed, and the relation with the concentration of dispersed 2D flakes is still unclear. Here, the relationship between arrangement caused by electric field and polarized transmittance have been explored at first. Then, the model of flakes rotation to regular arrangement were established, which were proof by the response time by turning on/off electric field. On this basis, by building the polarization-related cross optical switch system, light-induced regular arrangement were observed and proven.
Collapse
|
7
|
Oh JY, Yang DB, Choi BK, Lee DW, Liu Y, Seo DS. Enhanced Electrical and Optical Properties of Bismuth Tantalum Oxide Thin Films through Graphene Oxide Doping. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:2230-2241. [PMID: 38238150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a hybrid thin film was fabricated by doping graphene oxide in a bismuth tantalum oxide solution in the sol-gel state. The thin film was produced by a brush-coating process. The graphene oxide doping ratios used were 0, 5, and 15 wt %. In the process of producing the thin film, the prepared sol-gel solution generates contraction forces, owing to the shear stress from the bristles of the brush, forming a microgroove structure. This structure was confirmed through atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy analyses. As a result of line profile analysis in atomic force microscopy, the groove heights of the thin film surface at 0, 5, and 15 wt % doping were 110, 130, and 160 nm, respectively, and the width of all grooves was 1 μm. The width of all thin films was approximately 1 μm, and microgrooves were confirmed. Moreover, the hybrid thin-film formation was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. By comparing the electrical properties of the bismuth tantalum oxide thin film without graphene oxide doping and the thin film doped with 15 wt % graphene oxide, it was demonstrated that the electro-optical properties increased excellently with graphene oxide doping. Typically, the threshold voltage was reduced by approximately 0.26 V. Based on these observations, graphene oxide doped bismuth tantalum oxide hybrid thin films can be considered as promising candidates for thin-film applications in next-generation displays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Oh
- IT Nano Electronic Device Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-Dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Bin Yang
- IT Nano Electronic Device Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-Dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Kyeong Choi
- IT Nano Electronic Device Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-Dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Lee
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Jeonju University, 303 Cheonjam-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Information Science and Technology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Dae-Shik Seo
- IT Nano Electronic Device Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-Dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Z, Yang X, Zhao Y, Ye F, Shang L. Liquid Crystal Materials for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300220. [PMID: 37235719 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystal is a state of matter being intermediate between solid and liquid. Liquid crystal materials exhibit both orientational order and fluidity. While liquid crystals have long been highly recognized in the display industry, in recent decades, liquid crystals provide new opportunities into the cross-field of material science and biomedicine due to their biocompatibility, multifunctionality, and responsiveness. In this review, the latest achievements of liquid crystal materials applied in biomedical fields are summarized. The start is made by introducing the basic concepts of liquid crystals, and then shifting to the components of liquid crystals as well as functional materials derived therefrom. After that, the ongoing and foreseeable applications of liquid crystal materials in the biomedical field with emphasis put on several cutting-edge aspects, including drug delivery, bioimaging, tissue engineering, implantable devices, biosensing, and wearable devices are discussed. It is hoped that this review will stimulate ingenious ideas for the future generation of liquid crystal-based drug development, artificial implants, disease diagnosis, health status monitoring, and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuohao Zhang
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xinyuan Yang
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Fangfu Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325001, China
| | - Luoran Shang
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cao M, Li Z, Lu J, Wang B, Lai H, Li Z, Gao Y, Ming X, Luo S, Peng L, Xu Z, Liu S, Liu Y, Gao C. Vertical Array of Graphite Oxide Liquid Crystal by Microwire Shearing for Highly Thermally Conductive Composites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300077. [PMID: 36930178 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Excellent through-plane thermally conductive composites are highly demanded for efficient heat dissipation. Giant sheets have large crystalline domain and significantly reduce interface phonon scattering, making them promising to build highly thermally conductive composites. However, realizing vertical orientation of giant sheets remains challenging due to their enormous mass and huge hydrodynamic drag force. Here, we achieve highly vertically ordered liquid crystals of giant graphite oxide (more than 100 µm in lateral dimension) by microwire shearing, which endows the composite with a recorded through-plane thermal conductivity of 94 W m-1 K-1 . Microscale shearing fields induced by vertical motion of microwires conquer huge hydrodynamic energy barrier and vertically reorient giant sheets. The resulting liquid crystals exhibit extremely retarded relaxation and impart large-scale vertical array with bidirectional ordering degree as high as 0.82. The graphite array-based composites demonstrate an ultrahigh thermal enhancement efficiency of over 35 times per unit volume. Furthermore, the composites improve cooling efficiency by 93% for thermal management tests compared to commercial thermal interface materials. This work offers a novel methodology to precisely manipulate the orientation of giant particles and promote large-scale fabrication of vertical array with advanced functionalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
- Center for Healthcare Materials, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| | - Jiahao Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Hangzhou Gaoxi Technol Co. Ltd., Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Haiwen Lai
- Hangzhou Gaoxi Technol Co. Ltd., Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zeshen Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yue Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xin Ming
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Luo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Li Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Senping Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yingjun Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan, 030024, P. R. China
| | - Chao Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abbasi Moud A, Abbasi Moud A. Flow and assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC): A bottom-up perspective - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123391. [PMID: 36716841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cellulosic sources, such as lignocellulose-rich biomass, can be mechanically or acid degraded to produce inclusions called cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). They have several uses in the sectors of biomedicine, photonics, and material engineering because of their biodegradability, renewability, sustainability, and mechanical qualities. The processing and design of CNC-based products are inextricably linked to the rheological behaviour of CNC suspension or in combination with other chemicals, such as surfactants or polymers; in this context, rheology offers a significant link between microstructure and macro scale flow behaviour that is intricately linked to material response in applications. The flow behaviour of CNC items must be properly specified in order to produce goods with value-added characteristics. In this review article, we provide new research on the shear rheology of CNC dispersion and CNC-based hydrogels in the linear and nonlinear regime, with storage modulus values reported to range from ~10-3 to 103 Pa. Applications in technology and material science are also covered simultaneously. We carefully examined the effects of charge density, aspect ratio, concentration, persistence length, alignment, liquid crystal formation, the cause of chirality in CNCs, interfacial behaviour and interfacial rheology, linear and nonlinear viscoelasticity of CNC suspension in bulk and at the interface using the currently available literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aref Abbasi Moud
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Biomedical Engineering Department, AmirKabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875/4413, PC36+P45 District 6, Tehran, Tehran Province 1591634311, Iran.
| | - Aliyeh Abbasi Moud
- Biomedical Engineering Department, AmirKabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875/4413, PC36+P45 District 6, Tehran, Tehran Province 1591634311, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li S, He J, Qiao S, Zhang X, Liu B. Self-Assembled Tetratic Crystals by Orthogonal Colloidal Force. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300642. [PMID: 36932933 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bonding simple building blocks to create crystalline materials with design has been sophisticated in the molecular world, but this is still very challenging for anisotropic nanoparticles or colloids, because the particle arrangements, including position and orientation, cannot be manipulated as expected. Here biconcave polystyrene (PS) discs to present a shape self-recognition route are used, which can control both the position and orientation of particles during self-assembly by directional colloidal forces. An unusual but very challenging two-dimensional (2D) open superstructure-tetratic crystal (TC)-is achieved. The optical properties of the 2D TCs are studied by the finite difference time domain method, showing that the PS/Ag binary TC can be used to modulate the polarization state of the incident light, for example, converting the linearly polarized light into left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized light. This work paves an important way for self-assembling many unprecedented crystalline materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen He
- National Physical Experiment Teaching Demonstration Center, Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, P. R. China
| | - Shuoyuan Qiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100149, P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Zhang
- National Physical Experiment Teaching Demonstration Center, Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, P. R. China
| | - Bing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100149, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim K, Lee C, Yoon DK. Patterned Hydrophobic Liquid Crystalline Fibers Fabricated from Defect Arrays of Reactive Mesogens via Electric Field Modulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:8387-8392. [PMID: 36740776 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We have fabricated patterned fibers using a small-molecular-weight liquid crystal (LC) and reactive mesogens (RMs) under controlled electric fields in which defect arrays are generated depending on the electrode configuration. For this, the AC electric field with interdigitated electrodes is used to develop versatile defect structures of the LC phase. Hydrophobic LC network (LCN) fibers exhibiting porous morphologies have been made by removing the LC part after the polymerization of RM. The resulting LCN fibers show a surface tension reduction characteristic compared to the neat RM film and a sticky characteristic with the water droplet, suggesting a facile way to fabricate the hydrophobic surface that can be used in microdroplet transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyuhwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjae Lee
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ki Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology and KAIST Institute for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tuneable electrohydrodynamics of core-shell graphene oxide vortex rings. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
14
|
Wu J, Lin H, Moss DJ, Loh KP, Jia B. Graphene oxide for photonics, electronics and optoelectronics. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:162-183. [PMID: 37117900 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00458-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) was initially developed to emulate graphene, but it was soon recognized as a functional material in its own right, addressing an application space that is not accessible to graphene and other carbon materials. Over the past decade, research on GO has made tremendous advances in material synthesis and property tailoring. These, in turn, have led to rapid progress in GO-based photonics, electronics and optoelectronics, paving the way for technological breakthroughs with exceptional performance. In this Review, we provide an overview of the optical, electrical and optoelectronic properties of GO and reduced GO on the basis of their chemical structures and fabrication approaches, together with their applications in key technologies such as solar energy harvesting, energy storage, medical diagnosis, image display and optical communications. We also discuss the challenges of this field, together with exciting opportunities for future technological advances.
Collapse
|
15
|
Mylnikov DA, Titova EI, Kashchenko MA, Safonov IV, Zhukov SS, Semkin VA, Novoselov KS, Bandurin DA, Svintsov DA. Terahertz Photoconductivity in Bilayer Graphene Transistors: Evidence for Tunneling at Gate-Induced Junctions. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:220-226. [PMID: 36546884 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Photoconductivity of novel materials is the key property of interest for design of photodetectors, optical modulators, and switches. Despite the photoconductivity of most novel 2d materials having been studied both theoretically and experimentally, the same is not true for 2d p-n junctions that are necessary blocks of most electronic devices. Here, we study the sub-terahertz photocoductivity of gapped bilayer graphene with electrically induced p-n junctions. We find a strong positive contribution from junctions to resistance, temperature resistance coefficient, and photoresistivity at cryogenic temperatures T ∼ 20 K. The contribution to these quantities from junctions exceeds strongly the bulk values at uniform channel doping even at small band gaps of ∼10 meV. We further show that positive junction photoresistance is a hallmark of interband tunneling, and not of intraband thermionic conduction. Our results point to the possibility of creating various interband tunneling devices based on bilayer graphene, including steep-switching transistors and selective sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Mylnikov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny141700, Russia
| | - Elena I Titova
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny141700, Russia
- Programmable Functional Materials Lab, Brain and Consciousness Research Center, Moscow121205, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Kashchenko
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny141700, Russia
- Programmable Functional Materials Lab, Brain and Consciousness Research Center, Moscow121205, Russia
| | - Ilya V Safonov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny141700, Russia
- Programmable Functional Materials Lab, Brain and Consciousness Research Center, Moscow121205, Russia
| | - Sergey S Zhukov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny141700, Russia
| | - Valentin A Semkin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny141700, Russia
| | - Kostya S Novoselov
- Programmable Functional Materials Lab, Brain and Consciousness Research Center, Moscow121205, Russia
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore117575, Singapore
| | - Denis A Bandurin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore117575, Singapore
| | - Dmitry A Svintsov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny141700, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu Y, Ding B, Huang Z, Dai L, Liu P, Li B, Cai W, Cheng HM, Liu B. Deep ultraviolet hydrogel based on 2D cobalt-doped titanate. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:1. [PMID: 36587040 PMCID: PMC9805428 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00991-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Birefringent optical elements that work in deep ultraviolet (DUV) region become increasingly important these years. However, most of the DUV optical elements have fixed birefringence which is hard to be tuned. Here, we invent a birefringence-tunable optical hydrogel with mechano-birefringence effect in the DUV region, based on two-dimensional (2D) low-cobalt-doped titanate. This 2D oxide material has an optical anisotropy factor of 1.5 × 10-11 C2 J-1 m-1, larger than maximum value obtained previously, leading to an extremely large specific magneto-optical Cotton-Mouton coefficient of 3.9 × 106 T-2 m-1. The extremely large coefficient enables the fabrication of birefringent hydrogel in a small magnetic field with an ultra-low concentration of 2D oxide material. The hydrogel can stably and continuously modulate 303 nm DUV light with large phase tunability by varying the strain (compression or stretching) from 0 to 50%. Our work opens the door to design and fabricate new proof-of-concept DUV birefringence-tunable element, as demonstrated by optical hydrogels capable of DUV modulation by mechanical stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youan Xu
- Xi'an Research Institute of High Technology, Xi'an, 710025, China
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Baofu Ding
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality/Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, CAS, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Ziyang Huang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lixin Dai
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Bing Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Xi'an Research Institute of High Technology, Xi'an, 710025, China.
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality/Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, CAS, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Bilu Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fluorescence and Nonlinear Optical Response of Graphene Quantum Dots Produced by Pulsed Laser Irradiation in Toluene. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227988. [PMID: 36432087 PMCID: PMC9694969 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs), the zero dimensional (0D) single nanostructures, have many exciting technological applications in diversified fields such as sensors, light emitting devices, bio imaging probes, solar cells, etc. They are emerging as a functional tool to modulate light by means of molecular engineering due to its merits, including relatively low extend of loss, large outstretch of spatial confinement and control via doping, size and shape. In this article, we present a one pot, facile and ecofriendly synthesis approach for fabricating GQDs via pulsed laser irradiation of an organic solvent (toluene) without any catalyst. It is a promising synthesis choice to prepare GQDs due to its fast production, lack of byproducts and further purification, as well as the control over the product by accurate tuning of laser parameters. In this work, the second (532 nm) and third harmonic (355 nm) wavelengths of a pulsed nanosecond Nd:YAG laser have been employed for the synthesis. It has been found that the obtained GQDs display fluorescence and is expected to have potential applications in optoelectronics and light-harvesting devices. In addition, nonlinear optical absorption of the prepared GQDs was measured using the open aperture z-scan technique (in the nanosecond regime). These GQDs exhibit excellent optical limiting properties, especially those synthesized at 532 nm wavelength.
Collapse
|
18
|
Ko M, Choi HJ, Kim JY, Kim IH, Kim SO, Moon MH. Optimization for size separation of graphene oxide sheets by flow/hyperlayer field-flow fractionation. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1681:463475. [PMID: 36088778 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO)-a chemical derivative of graphene with numerous oxygen functional groups on its surface-has attracted considerable interest because of its intriguing properties in relation to those of pristine graphene. In addition to the inherent wide lateral size distribution of GO sheets arising from the typical oxidative exfoliation of graphite, control of the lateral size of GO is critical for desired GO-based applications. Herein, flow/hyperlayer field-flow fractionation (flow/hyperlayer FFF) is optimized to separate GO sheets by lateral dimensions. Optimized fractionation is achieved by investigating the influences of carrier solvent, channel thickness, and flow rate conditions on the steric/hyperlayer separation of GO sheets by flow FFF. Due to the strong hydrodynamic lift forces of extremely thin GO sheets, a thick flow FFF channel (w = 350 μm) and a very low field strength are required to retain the GO sheets within the channel. GO sheets with narrow size fractions are successfully collected from two different graphite sources during flow/hyperlayer FFF runs and are examined to verify the size evolution. Considering the average lateral diameter of the GO fraction calculated on the basis of the assumption of a circular disk shape, the retention of the GO sheets is 2.2-5.0 times faster than that of spherical particles of the same diameter. This study demonstrates that through flow/hyperlayer FFF, the size distribution of GO sheets can be determined and narrow size fractions can be collected (which is desirable for GO-based applications), which are commonly influenced by the GO lateral dimension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myoungjae Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jae Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ouk Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Hee Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xu H, Ding B, Xu Y, Huang Z, Wei D, Chen S, Lan T, Pan Y, Cheng HM, Liu B. Magnetically tunable and stable deep-ultraviolet birefringent optics using two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:1091-1096. [PMID: 35953540 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Birefringence is a fundamental optical property that can induce phase retardation of polarized light. Tuning the birefringence of liquid crystals is a core technology for light manipulation in current applications in the visible and infrared spectral regions. Due to the strong absorption or instability of conventional liquid crystals in deep-ultraviolet light, tunable birefringence remains elusive in this region, notwithstanding its significance in diverse applications. Here we show a stable and birefringence-tunable deep-ultraviolet modulator based on two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride. It has an extremely large optical anisotropy factor of 6.5 × 10-12 C2 J-1 m-1 that gives rise to a specific magneto-optical Cotton-Mouton coefficient of 8.0 × 106 T-2 m-1, which is about five orders of magnitude higher than other potential deep-ultraviolet-transparent media. The large coefficient, high stability (retention rate of 99.7% after 270 cycles) and wide bandgap of boron nitride collectively enable the fabrication of stable deep-ultraviolet modulators with magnetically tunable birefringence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baofu Ding
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality/Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Youan Xu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
- Xi'an Research Institute of High Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Ziyang Huang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dahai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianshu Lan
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yikun Pan
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality/Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China.
- Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
| | - Bilu Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Field-induced orientational switching produces vertically aligned Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5615. [PMID: 36153310 PMCID: PMC9509325 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling the orientation of two-dimensional materials is essential to optimize or tune their functional properties. In particular, aligning MXene, a two-dimensional carbide and/or nitride material, has recently received much attention due to its high conductivity and high-density surface functional group properties that can easily vary based on its arranged directions. However, erecting 2D materials vertically can be challenging, given their thinness of few nanometres. Here, vertical alignment of Ti3C2Tx MXene sheets is achieved by applying an in-plane electric field, which is directly observed using polarised optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The electric field-induced vertical alignment parallel to the applied alternating-current field is demonstrated to be reversible in the absence of a field, back to a random orientation distribution. Interdigitated electrodes with uniaxially aligned MXene nanosheets are demonstrated. These can be further modulated to achieve various patterns using diversified electrode substrates. Anisotropic electrical conductivity is also observed in the uniaxially aligned MXene nanosheet film, which is quite different from the randomly oriented ones. The proposed orientation-controlling technique demonstrates potential for many applications including sensors, membranes, polarisers, and general energy applications. In this work, authors demonstrate reversible vertical alignment of Ti3C2Tx MXene sheets induced by an applied in-plane electric field. Further modulation of the field can achieve programmed patterns onto various electrode substrates.
Collapse
|
21
|
Cao M, Liu S, Zhu Q, Wang Y, Ma J, Li Z, Chang D, Zhu E, Ming X, Puchtler F, Breu J, Wu Z, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Xu Z, Gao C. Monodomain Liquid Crystals of Two-Dimensional Sheets by Boundary-Free Sheargraphy. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:192. [PMID: 36121520 PMCID: PMC9485412 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00925-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Eliminating topological defects to achieve monodomain liquid crystals is highly significant for the fundamental studies of soft matter and building long-range ordered materials. However, liquid crystals are metastable and sensitive to external stimuli, such as flow, confinement, and electromagnetic fields, which cause their intrinsic polycrystallinity and topological defects. Here, we achieve the monodomain liquid crystals of graphene oxide over 30 cm through boundary-free sheargraphy. The obtained monodomain liquid crystals exhibit large-area uniform alignment of sheets, which has the same optical polarized angle and intensity. The monodomain liquid crystals provide bidirectionally ordered skeletons, which can be applied as lightweight thermal management materials with bidirectionally high thermal and electrical conductivity. Furthermore, we extend the controllable topology of two-dimensional colloids by introducing singularities and disclinations in monodomain liquid crystals. Topological structures with defect strength from - 2 to + 2 were realized. This work provides a facile methodology to study the structural order of soft matter at a macroscopic level, facilitating the fabrication of metamaterials with tunable and highly anisotropic architectures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Senping Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingli Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeshen Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Chang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Enhui Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Ming
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Florian Puchtler
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Josef Breu
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ziliang Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingjun Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanqiu Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
- State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abele CD, Giesselmann F. Dynamic light scattering analysis of size-selected graphene oxide 2D colloids fractioned via liquid crystal phase separation. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:6607-6617. [PMID: 35997161 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00662f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exfoliated platelets of graphene oxide (GO) can be considered as polydisperse 2D colloids that form nematic colloidal liquid crystal phases in aqueous suspension even at very low concentrations thanks to their extremely high aspect ratios. However, with the rapidly emerging scientific interest in these GO-based liquid crystals, it became clear that the precise analysis and control of the GO sheet size distribution is essential, both for their scientific understanding and for potential applications, e.g., in optoelectronic devices, nanocomposites, or catalysis. In this work, we show that the mean effective (hydrodynamic) GO platelet width can be determined from the translational diffusion coefficient with depolarized dynamic light scattering by using a model for circular, infinitely thin disks. We further studied the phase separation process of biphasic isotropic-nematic GO dispersions and developed a simple fractionation protocol, which can be used to prepare relatively monodisperse fractions of GO sheets with widths ranging from 2.0-12.4 μm. Overall, we expect that the combined application of these relatively simple fractionation and analysis methods will advance the fabrication of well-defined and size-selected GO-based systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina D Abele
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Frank Giesselmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Priyadharshana PANS, Park JY, Hong SH, Song JK. Multiresponsive Polymer Nanocomposite Liquid Crystals Having Heterogeneous Phase Transitions for Battery-Free Temperature Maintenance Indicators. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203551. [PMID: 35988135 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Multiresponsive functional materials that respond to more than one external stimulus are promising for novel photonic, electronic, and biomedical applications. However, the design or synthesis of new multiresponsive materials is challenging. Here, this work reports a facile method to prepare a multiresponsive colloidal material by mixing a liquid-crystalline 2D nanocolloid and a functional polymer colloid. For this purpose, electrically sensitive exfoliated α-ZrP 2D nanocolloids and thermosensitive block copolymer colloids that are dispersed well in water are mixed. In the liquid-crystalline nanocomposite, nematic, antinematic, or isotropic assemblies of α-ZrP, nanoparticles can be electrically and selectively obtained by applying electric fields with different frequencies; furthermore, their rheology is thermally and reversibly controlled through thesol-gel-sol transition. The nanocomposite exhibits a solid gel phase within a predesigned gel temperature range and a liquid sol phase outside this range. These properties facilitate the design of a simple display device in which information can be electrically written and thermally stabilized or erased, and using the device, a battery-free temperature maintenance indication function is demonstrated. The proposed polymer nanocomposite method can enrich the physical properties of 2D nanocolloidal liquid crystals and create new opportunities for eco-friendly, reusable, battery-free electro-optical devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P A N S Priyadharshana
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Korea
| | - Ju-Young Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Hong
- ICT Research and Education Foundation, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Korea
| | - Jang-Kun Song
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zheng J, Archer LA. Crystallographically Textured Electrodes for Rechargeable Batteries: Symmetry, Fabrication, and Characterization. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14440-14470. [PMID: 35950898 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The vast of majority of battery electrode materials of contemporary interest are of a crystalline nature. Crystals are, by definition, anisotropic from an atomic-structure perspective. The inherent structural anisotropy may give rise to favored mesoscale orientations and anisotropic properties whether the material is in a rest state or subjected to an external stimulus. The overall perspective of this review is that intentional manipulation of crystallographic anisotropy of electrochemically active materials constitute an untapped parameter space in energy storage systems and thus provide new opportunities for materials innovations and design. To that end, we contend that crystallographically textured electrodes, as opposed to their textureless poly crystalline or single-crystalline analogs, are promising candidates for next-generation storage of electrical energy in rechargeable batteries relevant to commercial practice. This perspective is underpinned first by the fundamental─to a first approximation─uniaxial, rotation-invariant symmetry of electrochemical cells. On this basis, we show that a crystallographically textured electrode with the preferred orientation aligned out-of-plane toward the counter electrode represents an optimal strategy for utilization of the crystals' anisotropic properties. Detailed analyses of anisotropy of different types lead to a simple, but potentially useful general principle that "Pec//Pc" textures are optimal for metal anodes, and "Pec//Sc" textures are optimal for insertion-type electrodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingxu Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.,Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Lynden A Archer
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
The influence of laser-induced alignment on Z-scan properties of 2D carbon nanomaterials suspension dependent on polarization. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10127. [PMID: 35710939 PMCID: PMC9203744 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14577-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Z-scan technique uses a single beam that can be used for observing the nonlinear or optical limiting properties of materials. For the first time, the Z-scan properties dependent on the polarization of 2D carbon nanomaterial suspension were experimentally investigated using optical Z-scan technology. The Z-scan curves of graphene and graphene oxide (GO) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone suspensions exhibited strong polarization-dependent characteristics. In paper, a reverse saturated absorption (RSA) dip surrounded the lens focus when the horizontal polarized beam was focused in the suspension, and two saturated absorption (SA) peaks appeared adjacent to the dip. However, for the vertical polarized beam, only one RSA dip surrounded the lens focus, and the threshold was higher than the SA for a horizontally polarized beam. The transmission of RSA for the GO suspension was evidently lower than that of the graphene suspension. The polarization-dependent characteristic can be ascribed to the laser-induced alignment in case the suspension is moved in or out of the beam focal point. Furthermore, the polarization-dependent 2D carbon nanomaterial suspension can be applied in several practical purposes such as 2D material-based optical and opto-fludic devices.
Collapse
|
26
|
Jahanbakhshian MM, Kiani MA, Arshadi Pirlar M, Karimzadeh R. Giant electro-optic coefficient in a graphene oxide film. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:2798-2801. [PMID: 35648933 DOI: 10.1364/ol.451503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The electro-optic effect is an important mechanism for actively tuning the refractive index of materials. This effect has various important applications in communication, switching, modulation, and nonlinear optics. This research measured the quadratic electro-optic coefficient for a graphene oxide (GO) film with ellipsometry spectroscopy. The results show that this coefficient is about three orders of magnitude greater than that of other materials. The GO film with its giant electro-optic Kerr coefficient can improve devices based on this effect. For example, it can decrease power consumption and the complexity of these devices due to the need for a lower electric field. In addition, birefringence is obtained of about Δn = 0.08 at 730 nm, which can lead to promising improvements in commercial devices, such as the reduction of working voltage below 10 V.
Collapse
|
27
|
Subedi S, Rella AK, Trung LG, Kumar V, Kang SW. Electrically Switchable Anisometric Carbon Quantum Dots Exhibiting Linearly Polarized Photoluminescence: Syntheses, Anisotropic Properties, and Facile Control of Uniaxial Orientation. ACS NANO 2022; 16:6480-6492. [PMID: 35343230 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have been extensively explored in diverse fields because of their exceptional features. The nanometric particles with photoluminescence (PL) benefit various optical and photonic applications. However, the majority of previous reports have mainly focused on either unpolarized or circular-polarized (CP) PL. Linearly polarized (LP) emission of CQDs is limited mainly because of their isometric shape and difficulties in macroscopic orientation control. Herein, we report syntheses of anisometric CQDs and facile control of the uniaxial orientation on a macroscopic scale, which results in linearly polarized photoluminescence (LP-PL). The anisometric CQDs are synthesized from rigid-rod-shaped precursors and evenly dispersed in the rod-like liquid crystal (LC) host. As-synthesized CQDs exhibit a PL quantum yield as high as 35% in chloroform. In addition to uniform alignment, facile directional switching of the elongated CQD is established by employing the electrical responsiveness of the CQD and host LC. Therefore, the dichroic photophysical properties of anisometric CQDs have been beneficially adopted for fabrications of polarization-sensitive and electrically switchable PL devices. Also, anisometric CQDs are embedded in polymer films with molecular orientational patterns and clearly recognized by LP-PL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhangi Subedi
- Department of Nano Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, 44613, Nepal
| | - Avinash K Rella
- Department of Nano Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Le Gia Trung
- Department of Nano Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Department of Nano Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Woong Kang
- Department of Nano Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Huang Z, Lan T, Dai L, Zhao X, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Li B, Li J, Liu J, Ding B, Geim AK, Cheng HM, Liu B. 2D Functional Minerals as Sustainable Materials for Magneto-Optics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110464. [PMID: 35084782 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystal devices using organic molecules are nowadays widely used to modulate transmitted light, but this technology still suffers from relatively weak response, high cost, toxicity and environmental concerns, and cannot fully meet the demand of future sustainable society. Here, an alternative approach to color-tunable optical devices, which is based on sustainable inorganic liquid crystals derived from 2D mineral materials abundant in nature, is described. The prototypical 2D mineral of vermiculite is massively produced by a green method, possessing size-to-thickness aspect ratios of >103 , in-plane magnetization of >10 emu g-1 , and an optical bandgap of >3 eV. These characteristics endow 2D vermiculite with sensitive magneto-birefringence response, been several orders of magnitude larger than organic counterparts, as well as capability of broad-spectrum modulation. The finding consequently permits the fabrication of various magnetochromic or mechanochromic devices with low or even zero-energy consumption during operation. This work creates opportunities for the application of sustainable materials in advanced optics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Huang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Tianshu Lan
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Dai
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xueting Zhao
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyue Wang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zehao Zhang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Bing Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jialiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jingao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Baofu Ding
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Andre K Geim
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Bilu Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
A 2D material-based transparent hydrogel with engineerable interference colours. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1212. [PMID: 35260559 PMCID: PMC8904793 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26587-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transparent hydrogels are key materials for many applications, such as contact lens, imperceptible soft robotics and invisible wearable devices. Introducing large and engineerable optical anisotropy offers great prospect for endowing them with extra birefringence-based functions and exploiting their applications in see-through flexible polarization optics. However, existing transparent hydrogels suffer from limitation of low and/or non-fine engineerable birefringence. Here, we invent a transparent magneto-birefringence hydrogel with large and finely engineerable optical anisotropy. The large optical anisotropy factor of the embedded magnetic two-dimensional material gives rise to the large magneto-birefringence of the hydrogel in the transparent condition of ultra-low concentration, which is several orders of magnitude larger than usual transparent magnetic hydrogels. High transparency, large and tunable optical anisotropy cooperatively permit the magnetic patterning of interference colours in the hydrogel. The hydrogel also shows mechanochromic and thermochromic property. Our finding provides an entry point for applying hydrogel in optical anisotropy and colour centred fields, with several proof-of-concept applications been demonstrated. Though transparent hydrogels with tunable optical anisotropy are attractive for soft robotics, wearable devices and optical applications, achieving large birefringence has been a challenge. Here, the authors report a transparent hydrogel with large, uniform and magnetically tunable birefringence.
Collapse
|
30
|
Kambe T, Imaoka S, Shimizu M, Hosono R, Yan D, Taya H, Katakura M, Nakamura H, Kubo S, Shishido A, Yamamoto K. Liquid crystalline 2D borophene oxide for inorganic optical devices. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1037. [PMID: 35210423 PMCID: PMC8873452 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28625-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Borophene has been recently proposed as a next-generation two-dimensional material with promising electronic and optical properties. However, its instability has thus far limited its large-scale applications. Here, we investigate a liquid-state borophene analogue with an ordered layer structure derived from two-dimensional borophene oxide. The material structure, phase transition features and basic properties are revealed by using X-ray analysis, optical and electron microscopy, and thermal characterization. The obtained liquid crystal exhibits high thermal stability at temperatures up to 350 °C and an optical switching behaviour driven by a low voltage of 1 V.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kambe
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,JST-ERATO, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Shotaro Imaoka
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Misa Shimizu
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Reina Hosono
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Dongwan Yan
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (KISTEC), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hinayo Taya
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Masahiro Katakura
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hirona Nakamura
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Shoichi Kubo
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shishido
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Kimihisa Yamamoto
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan. .,JST-ERATO, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nakato T, Sirinakorn T, Ishitobi W, Mouri E, Ogawa M. Cooperative Electric Alignment of Colloidal Graphene Oxide Particles with Liquid Crystalline Niobate Nanosheets. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teruyuki Nakato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan
- Strategic Research Unit for Innovative Multiscale Materials, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 804-8550
| | - Thipwipa Sirinakorn
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), 555 Moo 1 Tumbol Payupnai, Amphoe Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Wataru Ishitobi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan
| | - Emiko Mouri
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan
- Strategic Research Unit for Innovative Multiscale Materials, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 804-8550
| | - Makoto Ogawa
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), 555 Moo 1 Tumbol Payupnai, Amphoe Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Colloidal self-assembly refers to a solution-processed assembly of nanometer-/micrometer-sized, well-dispersed particles into secondary structures, whose collective properties are controlled by not only nanoparticle property but also the superstructure symmetry, orientation, phase, and dimension. This combination of characteristics makes colloidal superstructures highly susceptible to remote stimuli or local environmental changes, representing a prominent platform for developing stimuli-responsive materials and smart devices. Chemists are achieving even more delicate control over their active responses to various practical stimuli, setting the stage ready for fully exploiting the potential of this unique set of materials. This review addresses the assembly of colloids into stimuli-responsive or smart nanostructured materials. We first delineate the colloidal self-assembly driven by forces of different length scales. A set of concepts and equations are outlined for controlling the colloidal crystal growth, appreciating the importance of particle connectivity in creating responsive superstructures. We then present working mechanisms and practical strategies for engineering smart colloidal assemblies. The concepts underpinning separation and connectivity control are systematically introduced, allowing active tuning and precise prediction of the colloidal crystal properties in response to external stimuli. Various exciting applications of these unique materials are summarized with a specific focus on the structure-property correlation in smart materials and functional devices. We conclude this review with a summary of existing challenges in colloidal self-assembly of smart materials and provide a perspective on their further advances to the next generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Qingsong Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Usman KAS, Qin S, Henderson LC, Zhang J, Hegh DY, Razal JM. Ti 3C 2T x MXene: from dispersions to multifunctional architectures for diverse applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:2886-2912. [PMID: 34724521 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh00968k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The exciting combination of high electrical conductivity, high specific capacitance and colloidal stability of two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx MXene (referred to as MXene) has shown great potential in a wide range of applications including wearable electronics, energy storage, sensors, and electromagnetic interference shielding. To realize its full potential, recent literature has reported a variety of solution-based processing methodologies to develop MXenes into multifunctional architectures, such as fibres, films and aerogels. In response to these recent critical advances, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of the diverse solution-based processing methodologies currently being used for MXene-architecture fabrication. A critical evaluation of the processing challenges directly affecting macroscale material properties and ultimately, the performance of the resulting prototype devices is also provided. Opportunities arising from the observed and foreseen challenges regarding their use are discussed to provide avenues for new designs and realise practical use in high performance applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Aldren S Usman
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Si Qin
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Luke C Henderson
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Jizhen Zhang
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Dylan Y Hegh
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Joselito M Razal
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang Q, Wang Y, Lin F, Tang Y, Cheng P, Zhou X, Zhu Z, Ma Y, Liu Z, Liu D, Liu L, Qin C, Chen Z, Wang Z, Bao J. Laser-induced dynamic alignment and nonlinear-like optical transmission in liquid suspensions of 2D atomically thin nanomaterials. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:36389-36399. [PMID: 34809050 DOI: 10.1364/oe.440062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical property of atomically thin materials suspended in liquid has attracted a lot of attention recently due to the rapid development of liquid exfoliation methods. Here we report laser-induced dynamic orientational alignment and nonlinear-like optical response of the suspensions as a result of their intrinsic anisotropic properties and thermal convection of solvents. Graphene and graphene oxide suspensions are used as examples, and the transition to ordered states from initial optically isotropic suspensions is revealed by birefringence imaging. Computational fluid dynamics is performed to simulate the velocity evolution of convection flow and understand alignment-induced birefringence patterns. The optical transmission of these suspensions exhibits nonlinear-like saturable or reverse saturable absorptions in Z-scan measurements with both nanosecond and continuous-wave lasers. Our findings not only demonstrate a non-contact controlling of macroscopic orientation and collective optical properties of nanomaterial suspensions by laser but also pave the way for further explorations of optical properties and novel device applications of low-dimensional nanomaterials.
Collapse
|
35
|
Shim YH, Ahn H, Lee S, Kim SO, Kim SY. Universal Alignment of Graphene Oxide in Suspensions and Fibers. ACS NANO 2021; 15:13453-13462. [PMID: 34324294 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has become a key component for high-performance carbon-based films or fibers based on its dispersibility and liquid crystallinity in an aqueous suspension. While the superior performance of GO-based fiber relies on their alignment at the submicrometer level, fine control of the microstructure is often hampered, in particular, under dynamic nature of GO-processing involving shear. Here, we systemically studied the structural variation of GO suspensions under shear conditions via in situ rheo-scattering and shear-polarized optical microscope analysis. The evolution of GO alignment under shear is indeed complex. However, we found that the shear-dependent structural equilibrium exists. GO showed a nonlinear structural transition with shear, yet there is a "universal" shear threshold for the best alignment, resulting in graphene fiber achieved an improvement in mechanical properties by ∼54% without any chemical modification. This finding challenges the conventional concept that high shear stress is required for the good alignment of particles and their best performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yul Hui Shim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Ahn
- Pohang Accelerator Lab, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangsul Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Lab, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ouk Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - So Youn Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lan T, Ding B, Huang Z, Bian F, Pan Y, Cheng HM, Liu B. Collective Behavior Induced Highly Sensitive Magneto-Optic Effect in 2D Inorganic Liquid Crystals. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:12886-12893. [PMID: 34369770 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Collective behavior widely exists in nature, ranging from the macroscopic cloud of swallows to the microscopic cloud of colloidal particles. The behavior of an individual inside the collective is distinctive from its behavior alone, as it follows its neighbors. The introduction of such collective behavior in two-dimensional (2D) materials may offer new degrees of freedom to achieve desired but unattained properties. Here, we report a highly sensitive magneto-optic effect and transmissive magneto-coloration via introduction of collective behavior into magnetic 2D material dispersions. The increase of ionic strength in the dispersion enhances the collective behavior of colloidal particles, giving rise to a magneto-optic Cotton-Mouton coefficient up to 2700 T-2 m-1 which is the highest value obtained so far, being 3 orders of magnitude larger than other known transparent media. We also reveal linear dependence of magneto-coloration on the concentration and hydration ratios of ions. Such linear dependence and the extremely large Cotton-Mouton coefficient cooperatively allow fabrication of giant magneto-birefringent devices for color-centered visual sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Lan
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Baofu Ding
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ziyang Huang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fenggang Bian
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Yikun Pan
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.,Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Bilu Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ding B, Pan Y, Zhang Z, Lan T, Huang Z, Lu B, Liu B, Cheng HM. Largely Tunable Magneto-Coloration of Monolayer 2D Materials via Size Tailoring. ACS NANO 2021; 15:9445-9452. [PMID: 33861565 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Magnetically influenced light-matter interaction provides a contactless, noninvasive and power-free way for material characterization and light modulation. Shape anisotropy of active materials mainly determines the sensitivity of magneto-optic response, thereby making magnetic two-dimensional (2D) materials suitable in achieving the giant magneto-birefringence effect as discovered recently. Consequently, relationship between magneto-birefringence response and shape anisotropy of 2D materials is critical but has remained elusive, restricting its widespread applications. Here, we report the highly sensitive and largely tunable magneto-coloration via manipulating the shape-anisotropy of magnetic 2D materials. We reveal a quadratic increasing relationship between the magneto-optic Cotton-Mouton coefficient and the lateral size of 2D materials and achieve a more than one order of magnitude tunable response. This feature enables the engineerable transmissive magneto-coloration of 2D materials by tailoring their shape anisotropy. Our work deepens the understanding of the tunability of magneto-optic response by size effect of active materials, offering various opportunities for their applications in vast areas where color is concerned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baofu Ding
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yikun Pan
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zehao Zhang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tianshu Lan
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ziyang Huang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Beibei Lu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bilu Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Nakato T, Ishitobi W, Yabuuchi M, Miyagawa M, Mouri E, Yamauchi Y. Electrically Induced Alignment of Semiconductor Nanosheets in Niobate-Clay Binary Nanosheet Colloids toward Significantly Enhanced Photocatalysis. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:7789-7800. [PMID: 34130455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous binary colloids of niobate and clay nanosheets, prepared by the exfoliation of their mother layered crystals, are unique colloidal systems characterized by the separation of niobate and clay nanosheet phases, where niobate nanosheets form liquid crystalline domains with the size of several tens of micrometers among isotropically dispersed clay nanosheets. The binary colloids show unusual photocatalytic reactions because of the spatial separation of photocatalytically active niobate and photochemically inert clay nanosheets. The present study shows structural conversion of the binary colloids with an external electric field, resulting in the onsite alignment of colloidal nanosheets to improve the photocatalytic performance of the system. The colloidal structure is reshaped by the growth of liquid crystalline domains of photocatalytic niobate nanosheets and by their electric alignment. Niobate nanosheets are assembled by the domain growth process and then aligned by AC voltage, although clay nanosheets do not respond to the electric field. Photocatalytic decomposition of the cationic rhodamine 6G dye, which is selectively adsorbed on clay nanosheets, is examined for the niobate-clay binary nanosheet colloids with or without domain growth and electric field. The fastest decomposition is observed for the electrically aligned colloid without the domain growth, whereas the sample with the domain growth and without the electric alignment shows the slowest decomposition. The results demonstrate the improvement of the photocatalytic performance by changing the colloidal structure, even though the sample composition is the same.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teruyuki Nakato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan
- Strategic Research Unit for Innovative Multiscale Materials, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan
| | - Wataru Ishitobi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan
| | - Miho Yabuuchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan
| | - Masaya Miyagawa
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1 Nakano-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan
| | - Emiko Mouri
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan
- Strategic Research Unit for Innovative Multiscale Materials, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- JST-ERATO Yamauchi Materials Space-Tectonics and International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hamon C, Beaudoin E, Launois P, Paineau E. Doping Liquid Crystals of Colloidal Inorganic Nanotubes by Additive-Free Metal Nanoparticles. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5052-5058. [PMID: 34019414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Doping liquid-crystal phases with nanoparticles is a fast-growing field with potential breakthroughs due to the combination of the properties brought by the two components. One of the main challenges remains the long-term stability of the hybrid system, requiring complex functionalization of the nanoparticles at the expense of their self-assembly properties. Here we demonstrate the successful synthesis of additive-free noble-metal nanoparticles at the surface of charged inorganic nanotubes. Transmission electron microscopy and UV-visible spectroscopy confirm the stabilization of metallic nanoparticles on nanotubes. Meanwhile, the spontaneous formation of liquid-crystals phases induced by the nanotubes is observed, even after surface modification with metallic nanoparticles. Small-angle X-ray scattering experiments reveal that the average interparticle distance in the resulting hybrids can be easily modulated by controlling electrostatic interactions. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our method for the preparation of homogeneous transparent hybrid films with a high degree of alignment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyrille Hamon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Emmanuel Beaudoin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Pascale Launois
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Erwan Paineau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405, Orsay, France
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Xu YT, Mody UV, MacLachlan MJ. Tuning the photonic properties of graphene oxide suspensions with nanostructured additives. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:7558-7565. [PMID: 33876810 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01677f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photonic materials that can selectively reflect light across the visible spectrum are valuable for applications in optical devices, sensors, and decoration. Although two-dimensional (2D) colloids that stack into layers with spacing of hundreds of nanometers are able to selectively diffract light, controlling their separation in solution has proven challenging. In this work, we investigate the role of additives to control the photonic properties of hybrid colloidal suspensions of graphene oxide (GO). We discovered that low concentrations of colloidal additives like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and clay nanoparticles (hectorite) added to GO suspensions lead to dramatic color changes. These hybrid colloidal suspensions demonstrate tunable structural colors and temperature-sensitive properties that likely originate from the entropically driven ejection of guests between the sheets, and from the interactions between colloidal electrical double layers and additional counterions. On the other hand, blending polymeric or molecular additives with GO suspensions either deteriorates or does not impact the photonic properties. These results are helpful to understand the interaction between GO suspensions and additives over different length scales, and open a path to advancing photonic materials based on hybrid colloidal suspensions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Tao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Urmi Vijay Mody
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Mark J MacLachlan
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada. and Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada and WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan and Bioproducts Institute, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wu Q, Guo H, Hua T, Zhao L, Li L, Qian B. Preparation of graphene oxide liquid crystals with long-range highly-ordered flakes using a coat-hanger die. RSC Adv 2021; 11:15085-15090. [PMID: 35424075 PMCID: PMC8698725 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01241j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) was discovered as a liquid crystalline (LC) phase formation in its water dispersion and expanded to a large number of applications, such as highly ordered GO sheets papers, films, and foams. However, there are still few efficient ways to prepare graphene oxide liquid crystals (GOLCs) with long-range highly ordered flakes. In this work, after carefully studying the rheological properties of GO aqueous dispersions at different concentrations, we have provided a new method to prepare holistically-oriented GOLCs through a designed coat-hanger die. Further, by simulating the extrusion process in the slot of the coat-hanger die, the die's dimensional sizes were optimized to apply efficient shear force on GO dispersions. Then, GOLCs with long-range highly ordered flakes of different GO concentrations were prepared using this method. Finally, a GO foam with a highly ordered structure was prepared using a layer-by-layer method, which exhibited improved conductivity compared to that of normal disordered GO foams after chemical reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qixin Wu
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences China
| | - Hao Guo
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences China
| | - Tianxiang Hua
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences China
| | - Lilan Zhao
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences China
| | - Lingying Li
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences China
| | - Bo Qian
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sonin AS, Churochkina NA, Kaznacheev AV, Golovanov AV. Mesomorphism of Graphene Oxide Dispersions. COLLOID JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x21020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
43
|
Flux Method Growth of Large Size Group IV–V 2D GeP Single Crystals and Photoresponse Application. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11030235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials driven by their unique electronic and optoelectronic properties have opened up possibilities for their various applications. The large and high-quality single crystals are essential to fabricate high-performance 2D devices for practical applications. Herein, IV-V 2D GeP single crystals with high-quality and large size of 20 × 15 × 5 mm3 were successfully grown by the Bi flux growth method. The crystalline quality of GeP was confirmed by high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), Laue diffraction, electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, intrinsic anisotropic optical properties were investigated by angle-resolved polarized Raman spectroscopy (ARPRS) and transmission spectra in detail. Furthermore, we fabricated high-performance photodetectors based on GeP, presenting a relatively large photocurrent over 3 mA. More generally, our results will significantly contribute the GeP crystal to the wide optoelectronic applications.
Collapse
|
44
|
Draude AP, Dierking I. Thermotropic liquid crystals with low-dimensional carbon allotropes. NANO EXPRESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/abdf2d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
As display devices based on liquid crystals have matured over the last decades, liquid crystal research has shifted its priorities in slightly different directions, such as sensors, photonics, nanotechnology and even more biologically related fields like drug delivery. This implied a change of emphasis in the development of novel materials, of which a completely new class of liquid crystal based composites emerged, that of nanoparticle-dispersed liquid crystals. The underlying ideas were to add functionality, while maintaining switchability, and the exploitation of liquid crystal self-organisation to build hierarchical nanostructures. Of particular interest for applications are dispersions of carbon nanomaterials, such as fullerenes, nanotubes and the graphene variants, due to their interactions with conventional liquid crystals. While such systems have been investigated for the past two decades, we concentrate in this review on the effects of dimensionality of the dispersed carbon nanoparticles, which goes hand in hand with the more recent developments in this field. Examples are the doping of 0D fullerenes in liquid crystals and implications for Blue Phase stability, or 1D nanotubes in nematic and ferroelectric liquid crystals, questions of dispersibility and applications as alignment media in ITO-free devices. Graphene (2D) and especially graphene oxide are mainly investigated for their formation of lyotropic liquid crystals. We here discuss the more recent aspects of dispersion in thermotropics.
Collapse
|
45
|
Influence of graphene oxide's characteristics on the fabrication and performance of crosslinked nanofiltration membranes. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
46
|
Rezaei Mirghaed M, Arshadi Pirlar M, Jahanbakhshian MM, Karimzadeh R. Microfluidic tuning of linear and nonlinear absorption in graphene oxide liquid crystals. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:206-209. [PMID: 33448989 DOI: 10.1364/ol.408816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of the nonlinear optical response of materials plays a significant role in photonics applications; however, it may be irreversible, untunable, and uncontrollable, which makes it difficult. In this Letter, we present a mechanical-hydrodynamical approach through a microchannel to tune the nonlinear absorption response of graphene oxide liquid crystals. In this material, the optical properties depend on the flake orientation. This feature has helped us to study empirically the dependency of the nonlinear absorption coefficients to external hydrodynamical force by employing the Z-scan technique. The experimental results show that increasing the flow rate in the microchannel enhances both linear and nonlinear absorption coefficients and, as a result, reduces the laser beam transmission through the sample. It has been observed that the percentage change in the nonlinear absorption coefficient of the sample is significant due to the flow rate.
Collapse
|
47
|
Solodov AN, Shayimova J, Amirov RR, Dimiev AM. Mimicking the graphene oxide structure in solutions by interaction of Fe(III) and Gd(III) with model small-size ligands. The NMR relaxation study. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
48
|
Fang WZ, Peng L, Liu YJ, Wang F, Xu Z, Gao C. A Review on Graphene Oxide Two-dimensional Macromolecules: from Single Molecules to Macro-assembly. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2515-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
49
|
Wang L, Urbas AM, Li Q. Nature-Inspired Emerging Chiral Liquid Crystal Nanostructures: From Molecular Self-Assembly to DNA Mesophase and Nanocolloids. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1801335. [PMID: 30160812 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystals (LCs) are omnipresent in living matter, whose chirality is an elegant and distinct feature in certain plant tissues, the cuticles of crabs, beetles, arthropods, and beyond. Taking inspiration from nature, researchers have recently devoted extensive efforts toward developing chiral liquid crystalline materials with self-organized nanostructures and exploring their potential applications in diverse fields ranging from dynamic photonics to energy and safety issues. In this review, an account on the state of the art of emerging chiral liquid crystalline nanostructured materials and their technological applications is provided. First, an overview on the significance of chiral liquid crystalline architectures in various living systems is given. Then, the recent significant progress in different chiral liquid crystalline systems including thermotropic LCs (cholesteric LCs, cubic blue phases, achiral bent-core LCs, etc.) and lyotropic LCs (DNA LCs, nanocellulose LCs, and graphene oxide LCs) is showcased. The review concludes with a perspective on the future scope, opportunities, and challenges in these truly advanced functional soft materials and their promising applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - Augustine M Urbas
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Liu Y, Wu P. Chirally Reversed Graphene Oxide Liquid Crystals. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001269. [PMID: 32832370 PMCID: PMC7435251 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal liquid crystals (LCs) formed by nanoparticles hold great promise for creating new structures and topologies. However, achieving highly ordered hierarchical architectures and stable topological configurations is extremely challenging, mainly due to the liquid-like fluidity of colloidal LCs in nature. Herein, an innovative synchronous nanofluidic rectification (SNR) technique for generating ultralong graphene oxide (GO) liquid crystal (GOLC) fibers with hierarchical core-skin architectures is presented, in which the GO sheet assemblies and hydrogel skin formation are synchronous. The SNR technique conceptually follows two design principles: horizontal polymer-flow promotes the rapid planar alignment of GO sheets and drives the chiral-reversing of cholesteric GOLCs, and in situ formed hydrogel skin affords some protection against environmental impact to maintain stable topological configurations. Importantly, the dried fibers retain the smooth surface and ordered internal structures, achieving high mechanical strength and flexibility. The linear and circular polarization potential of GOLC fibers are demonstrated for optical sensing and recognition. This work may open an avenue toward the scalable manufacture of uniform and robust, yet highly anisotropic, fiber-shaped functional materials with complex internal architectures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering of PolymersDepartment of Macromolecular ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Peiyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering of PolymersDepartment of Macromolecular ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology & Center for Advanced Low‐dimension MaterialsDonghua University2999 North Renmin RoadShanghai201620China
| |
Collapse
|