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Liu Y, Shen Z, Xu Y, Zhu YW, Chen W, Qiu J. Layer-by-layer self-assembly of PLL/CPP-ACP multilayer on SLA titanium surface: Enhancing osseointegration and antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 240:113966. [PMID: 38781846 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Dental Implants are expected to possess both excellent osteointegration and antibacterial activity because poor osseointegration and infection are two major causes of titanium implant failure. In this study, we constructed layer-by-layer self-assembly films consisting of anionic casein phosphopeptides-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and cationic poly (L-lysine) (PLL) on sandblasted and acid etched (SLA) titanium surfaces and evaluated their osseointegration and antibacterial performance in vitro and in vivo. The surface properties were examined, including microstructure, elemental composition, wettability, and Ca2+ ion release. The impact the surfaces had on the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation abilities of MC3T3-E1 cells were investigated, as well as the material's antibacterial performance after exposure to the oral microorganisms such as Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. g) and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A. a). For the in vivo studies, SLA and Ti (PLL/CA-3.0)10 implants were inserted into the extraction socket immediately after extracting the rabbit mandibular anterior teeth with or without exposure to mixed bacteria solution (P. g & A. a). Three rabbits in each group were sacrificed to collect samples at 2, 4, and 6 weeks of post-implantation, respectively. Radiographic and histomorphometry examinations were performed to evaluate the implant osseointegration. The modified titanium surfaces were successfully prepared and appeared as a compact nano-structure with high hydrophilicity. In particular, the Ti (PLL/CA-3.0)10 surface was able to continuously release Ca2+ ions. From the in vitro and in vivo studies, the modified titanium surfaces expressed enhanced osteogenic and antibacterial properties. Hence, the PLL/CPP-ACP multilayer coating on titanium surfaces was constructed via a layer-by-layer self-assembly technology, possibly improving the biofunctionalization of Ti-based dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhe Shen
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Ya-Wen Zhu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Hamze F, Amiri M, Islami ZS, Shamspur T, Razavi R, Khazaeli P. Synthesis and evaluation of antibacterial and antioxidant effects of propolis nanoparticles and cinnamon nanostructures in preventive dentistry: Experimental and theoretical approaches. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024. [PMID: 38973088 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Natural products such as green propolis and cinnamon have been used traditionally in medicine due to their medicinal value. Recently, interest has grown in developing nanotechnology-based approaches to enhance the biological activity of these compounds. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of macro-sized and nanostructured forms of green propolis and cinnamon against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and the 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. MATERIAL AND METHODS The sonochemical method was used to synthesize green propolis nanoparticles (PNPs) and cinnamon nanoparticles (CNPs). Their size was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering measurements, while they were compared with propolis (P) and cinnamon (C). The antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH assay, while the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test determined the antibacterial activity against S. mutans. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc tests (α = 0.05) were conducted to analyze the data. Furthermore, docking calculations were carried out to examine the potential of incorporating any new supplements or therapies into your routine. RESULTS The MIC were 5.46, 21.87, 21.87, and 175 g/L for PNPs, P, CNPs, and C groups, respectively. The PNPs exhibited the most significant antibacterial effect while C was weakest. About antioxidant activity, PNPs and P exhibited significant differences from other groups (P = 0.000 and 0.001, respectively), while CNPs and C showed no significant difference between each other (P = 0.07). The docking calculations revealed a strong interaction between both nanoparticles and S. mutans. The binding energy of dihydroflavonols on propolis nanoparticles was -6.83 kcal/mol, indicating a stable connection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faeze Hamze
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Shahed Dental School, Shahed University, Theran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Amiri
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Tayebeh Shamspur
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Razieh Razavi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Payam Khazaeli
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
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Afkhami F, Chen Y, Walsh LJ, Peters OA, Xu C. Application of Nanomaterials in Endodontics. BME FRONTIERS 2024; 5:0043. [PMID: 38711803 PMCID: PMC11070857 DOI: 10.34133/bmef.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in nanotechnology have introduced a myriad of potential applications in dentistry, with nanomaterials playing an increasing role in endodontics. These nanomaterials exhibit distinctive mechanical and chemical properties, rendering them suitable for various dental applications in endodontics, including obturating materials, sealers, retro-filling agents, and root-repair materials. Certain nanomaterials demonstrate versatile functionalities in endodontics, such as antimicrobial properties that bolster the eradication of bacteria within root canals during endodontic procedures. Moreover, they offer promise in drug delivery, facilitating targeted and controlled release of therapeutic agents to enhance tissue regeneration and repair, which can be used for endodontic tissue repair or regeneration. This review outlines the diverse applications of nanomaterials in endodontics, encompassing endodontic medicaments, irrigants, obturating materials, sealers, retro-filling agents, root-repair materials, as well as pulpal repair and regeneration. The integration of nanomaterials into endodontics stands poised to revolutionize treatment methodologies, presenting substantial potential advancements in the field. Our review aims to provide guidance for the effective translation of nanotechnologies into endodontic practice, serving as an invaluable resource for researchers, clinicians, and professionals in the fields of materials science and dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Afkhami
- School of Dentistry,
The University of Queensland, Brisbane,QLD4006, Australia
| | - Yuan Chen
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health,
The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Laurence J. Walsh
- School of Dentistry,
The University of Queensland, Brisbane,QLD4006, Australia
| | - Ove A. Peters
- School of Dentistry,
The University of Queensland, Brisbane,QLD4006, Australia
| | - Chun Xu
- School of Dentistry,
The University of Queensland, Brisbane,QLD4006, Australia
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health,
The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre,
The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
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4
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Bian C, Guo Y, Zhu M, Liu M, Xie X, Weir MD, Oates TW, Masri R, Xu HHK, Zhang K, Bai Y, Zhang N. New generation of orthodontic devices and materials with bioactive capacities to improve enamel demineralization. J Dent 2024; 142:104844. [PMID: 38253119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The article reviewed novel orthodontic devices and materials with bioactive capacities in recent years and elaborated on their properties, aiming to provide guidance and reference for future scientific research and clinical applications. DATA, SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION Researches on remineralization, protein repellent, antimicrobial activity and multifunctional novel bioactive orthodontic devices and materials were included. The search of articles was carried out in Web of Science, PubMed, Medline and Scopus. CONCLUSIONS The new generation of orthodontic devices and materials with bioactive capacities has broad application prospects. However, most of the current studies are limited to in vitro studies and cannot explore the true effects of various bioactive devices and materials applied in oral environments. More research, especially in vivo researches, is needed to assist in clinical application. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Enamel demineralization (ED) is a common complication in orthodontic treatments. Prolonged ED can lead to dental caries, impacting both the aesthetics and health of teeth. It is of great significance to develop antibacterial orthodontic devices and materials that can inhibit bacterial accumulation and prevent ED. However, materials with only preventive effect may fall short of addressing actual needs. Hence, the development of novel bioactive orthodontic materials with remineralizing abilities is imperative. The article reviewed the recent advancements in bioactive orthodontic devices and materials, offering guidance and serving as a reference for future scientific research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Bian
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yiman Guo
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Mengyao Zhu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xianju Xie
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Biomaterials and Regenerative Dental Medicine, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Radi Masri
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Biomaterials and Regenerative Dental Medicine, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Tuygunov N, Khairunnisa Z, Yahya NA, Aziz AA, Zakaria MN, Israilova NA, Cahyanto A. Bioactivity and remineralization potential of modified glass ionomer cement: A systematic review of the impact of calcium and phosphate ion release. Dent Mater J 2024; 43:1-10. [PMID: 38220163 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of calcium and phosphate ions release on the bioactivity and remineralization potential of glass ionomer cement (GIC). Electronic databases, including PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science, were systematically searched according to PRISMA guidelines. This review was registered in the PROSPERO database. Five eligible studies on modifying GIC with calcium and phosphate ions were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoBDEMAT tool. The incorporation of these ions into GIC enhanced its bioactivity and remineralization properties. It promoted hydroxyapatite formation, which is crucial for remineralization, increased pH and inhibited cariogenic bacteria growth. This finding has implications for the development of more effective dental materials. This can contribute to improved oral health outcomes and the management of dental caries, addressing a prevalent and costly oral health issue. Nevertheless, comprehensive longitudinal investigations are needed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of this GIC's modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozimjon Tuygunov
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya
| | - Zahra Khairunnisa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya
| | - Noor Azlin Yahya
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya
- Biomaterials Technology Research Groups, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya
| | - Azwatee Abdul Aziz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya
- Biomaterials Technology Research Groups, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya
| | - Myrna Nurlatifah Zakaria
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya
- Biomaterials Technology Research Groups, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya
| | | | - Arief Cahyanto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya
- Biomaterials Technology Research Groups, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya
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Predoi D, Ciobanu SC, Iconaru SL, Ţălu Ş, Ghegoiu L, Matos RS, da Fonseca Filho HD, Trusca R. New Physico-Chemical Analysis of Magnesium-Doped Hydroxyapatite in Dextran Matrix Nanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:125. [PMID: 38201790 PMCID: PMC10780894 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The new magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite in dextran matrix (10MgHApD) nanocomposites were synthesized using coprecipitation technique. A spherical morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization results show hydroxyapatite hexagonal phase formation. The element map scanning during the EDS analysis revealed homogenous distribution of constituent elements of calcium, phosphor, oxygen and magnesium. The presence of dextran in the sample was revealed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity of the 10MgHAPD nanocomposites was assessed by in vitro assays using Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 microbial strains. The results of the antimicrobial assays highlighted that the 10MgHApD nanocomposites presented excellent antimicrobial activity against all the tested microorganisms and for all the tested time intervals. Furthermore, the biocompatibility assays determined that the 10MgHApD nanocomposites did not exhibit any toxicity towards Human gingival fibroblast (HGF-1) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Predoi
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor Street, No. 405A, P.O. Box MG 07, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (S.L.I.); (L.G.)
| | - Steluta Carmen Ciobanu
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor Street, No. 405A, P.O. Box MG 07, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (S.L.I.); (L.G.)
| | - Simona Liliana Iconaru
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor Street, No. 405A, P.O. Box MG 07, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (S.L.I.); (L.G.)
| | - Ştefan Ţălu
- The Directorate of Research, Development and Innovation Management (DMCDI), Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 15 Constantin Daicoviciu St., 400020 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Liliana Ghegoiu
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor Street, No. 405A, P.O. Box MG 07, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (S.L.I.); (L.G.)
| | - Robert Saraiva Matos
- Amazonian Materials Group, Physics Department, Federal University of Amapá (UNIFAP), Macapá 68903-419, Amapá, Brazil;
| | - Henrique Duarte da Fonseca Filho
- Laboratory of Synthesis of Nanomaterials and Nanoscopy (LSNN), Physics Department, Federal University of Amazonas-UFAM, Manaus 69067-005, Amazonas, Brazil;
| | - Roxana Trusca
- National Centre for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
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Duane B, Yap T, Neelakantan P, Anthonappa R, Bescos R, McGrath C, McCullough M, Brookes Z. Mouthwashes: Alternatives and Future Directions. Int Dent J 2023; 73 Suppl 2:S89-S97. [PMID: 37867066 PMCID: PMC10690551 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This narrative review summarises "alternative" or "natural" over-the-counter (OTC) mouthwashes not covered elsewhere in this supplement and newly emerging products, as potential mouthwashes of the future. The "natural" mouthwashes reviewed include saltwater, baking soda, coconut oil, charcoal, propolis, seaweeds, and probiotics. Other than essential oils, it is apparent that their clinical effectiveness is still under debate, but there is some evidence to suggest that propolis reduces plaque and gingivitis. This review also covers the host immune response, via novel anti-inmmunomodulant mouthwashes, such as erythropoietin to reduce inflammation with oral mucositis (OM) after radiotherapy. The emerging concept of nanoparticle-containing mouthwashes, such as iron oxide, is further discussed for OM, this agent having the potential for more targeted delivery of chemical antimicrobials. Unfortunately, there are impacts on the environment of widening mouthwash use with more new products, including increased use of packaging, antimicrobial resistance, and possible detrimental effects on marine life. Further, there are roadblocks, relating to regularly approvals and side effects, that still need to be overcome for any OTC deivered immunomodulant or nanoformulation mouthwashes. Despite these caveats, there are many new mouthwashes under development, which could help manage major oral diseases such as caries, gingivitis, and periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Duane
- Dublin Dental School and Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tami Yap
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
| | - Prasanna Neelakantan
- Department of Endodontics, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Raul Bescos
- School of Health Professions, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Colman McGrath
- Applied Oral Sciences & Community Dental Care, Hong Kong
| | - Michael McCullough
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
| | - Zoë Brookes
- Peninsula Dental School, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK.
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Jiang T, Su W, Li Y, Jiang M, Zhang Y, Xian CJ, Zhai Y. Research Progress on Nanomaterials for Tissue Engineering in Oral Diseases. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:404. [PMID: 37623649 PMCID: PMC10455101 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14080404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their superior antibacterial properties, biocompatibility and high conductivity, nanomaterials have shown a broad prospect in the biomedical field and have been widely used in the prevention and treatment of oral diseases. Also due to their small particle sizes and biodegradability, nanomaterials can provide solutions for tissue engineering, especially for oral tissue rehabilitation and regeneration. At present, research on nanomaterials in the field of dentistry focuses on the biological effects of various types of nanomaterials on different oral diseases and tissue engineering applications. In the current review, we have summarized the biological effects of nanoparticles on oral diseases, their potential action mechanisms and influencing factors. We have focused on the opportunities and challenges to various nanomaterial therapy strategies, with specific emphasis on overcoming the challenges through the development of biocompatible and smart nanomaterials. This review will provide references for potential clinical applications of novel nanomaterials in the field of oral medicine for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Jiang
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China; (T.J.)
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Periodontal Tissue Engineering, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Wen Su
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China; (T.J.)
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Periodontal Tissue Engineering, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Mingyuan Jiang
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China; (T.J.)
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Periodontal Tissue Engineering, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 2nd Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Cory J. Xian
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Yuankun Zhai
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China; (T.J.)
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Periodontal Tissue Engineering, Kaifeng 475000, China
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9
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Gupta I, Chauhan S, Amaranath BJJ, Das N, Johnson L, Mehrotra V. Effect of Commercially Available Nano-Hydroxyapatite Containing Desensitizing Toothpaste and Mouthwash on Dentinal Tubular Occlusion: A SEM Analysis. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2023; 15:S1027-S1029. [PMID: 37694094 PMCID: PMC10485525 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_243_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the dentinal tubule occlusion using nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) containing toothpaste and mouthwash under a scanning electron microscope. The specimens were randomly divided into two groups with five specimens each: group 1-toothpaste group and group 2-mouthwash group. The percentage of the occluded dentinal tubules was assessed at the baseline, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days under a scanning electron microscope. The toothpaste group showed a higher percentage of occluded dentinal tubules as compared to the mouthwash group at the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days, respectively. It can be concluded that brushing twice daily with n-HAP containing toothpaste for duration of 28 days produced good dentinal tubule occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira Gupta
- Department of Periodontology, Rama Dental College Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suruchi Chauhan
- Department of Periodontology, Rama Dental College Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - B. J. Janardhana Amaranath
- Department of Periodontology, Rama Dental College Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neelam Das
- Department of Periodontology, Rama Dental College Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lynn Johnson
- Department of Periodontology, Rama Dental College Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vishal Mehrotra
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rama Dental College Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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10
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Kontogianni GI, Coelho C, Gauthier R, Fiorilli S, Quadros P, Vitale-Brovarone C, Chatzinikolaidou M. Osteogenic Potential of Nano-Hydroxyapatite and Strontium-Substituted Nano-Hydroxyapatite. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1881. [PMID: 37368310 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanohydroxyapatite (nanoHA) is the major mineral component of bone. It is highly biocompatible, osteoconductive, and forms strong bonds with native bone, making it an excellent material for bone regeneration. However, enhanced mechanical properties and biological activity for nanoHA can be achieved through enrichment with strontium ions. Here, nanoHA and nanoHA with a substitution degree of 50 and 100% of calcium with strontium ions (Sr-nanoHA_50 and Sr-nanoHA_100, respectively) were produced via wet chemical precipitation using calcium, strontium, and phosphorous salts as starting materials. The materials were evaluated for their cytotoxicity and osteogenic potential in direct contact with MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblastic cells. All three nanoHA-based materials were cytocompatible, featured needle-shaped nanocrystals, and had enhanced osteogenic activity in vitro. The Sr-nanoHA_100 indicated a significant increase in the alkaline phosphatase activity at day 14 compared to the control. All three compositions revealed significantly higher calcium and collagen production up to 21 days in culture compared to the control. Gene expression analysis exhibited, for all three nanoHA compositions, a significant upregulation of osteonectin and osteocalcin on day 14 and of osteopontin on day 7 compared to the control. The highest osteocalcin levels were found for both Sr-substituted compounds on day 14. These results demonstrate the great osteoinductive potential of the produced compounds, which can be exploited to treat bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rémy Gauthier
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
- CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR 5510, MATEIS, F-69621 Villeur-banne, France
| | - Sonia Fiorilli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Institute for Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
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11
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Lu X, Qu Y, Zhu T, Qu X, Zhang Z, Yu Y, Hao Y. Applications of photothermally mediated nanohybrids for white spot lesions in orthodontics. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 225:113274. [PMID: 36989816 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
In orthodontic treatment, cariogenic bacteria in the oral cavity are the main cause of enamel white spot lesions (WSLs). Therefore, to effectively prevent and treat WSLs, it is crucial to inhibit the cariogenic bacterial activity while promoting the remineralization of demineralized tooth enamel. However, fluoride preparations commonly used for the prevention and treatment of WSLs can induce dental fluorosis if ingested in excess, and their remineralization effect is limited by the residual hydroxyapatite (HAp) content and salivary Ca2+ and PO43- levels. In this study, we propose a strategy (CMCS/ACP@PDA) for antibacterial and remineralization of WSLs by a nanohybrid of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) loaded polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) based on biomimetic remineralization techniques and biocompatible near-infrared (NIR) photoactivation therapy. The nanohybrid utilizes the excellent photothermal conversion ability of polydopamine for antimicrobial purposes, while CMCS with its own positive and negative charges (-NH3+ and -COO-) acts as a biomimetic mineralizing agent to stabilize ACP, supplemented with abundant Ca2+ and PO43- for remineralization of demineralized enamel. The results showed that CMCS/ACP@PDA could effectively inhibit the adhesion of cariogenic Streptococcus mutants (S. mutants) with high bactericidal rates. In addition, the remineralization of demineralized enamel by nanohybrid was more effective after 7 days of in vitro mineralization. This study provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the use of CMCS/ACP@PDA nanohybrid materials as potential materials against WSLs.
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Al-hijazi AY, Hasan N, Nasr BK, Jasim Al-Khafaji HH, Al-Khafaji B, Abdah Alanssari BF, Jalil AT. Recent advances in the use of inorganic nanomaterials as anti caries agents. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15326. [PMID: 37113794 PMCID: PMC10126947 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Caries is the most prevalent and widespread chronic oral disease. Traditional caries filling materials, due to their lack of anti-caries capabilities, can readily develop secondary caries. Nanomaterials proposed as an effective approach for caries treatment can inhibit biofilm formation. It also can not only reduce demineralization but also promote remineralization. In recent years, nanotechnology in anti-caries materials, particularly nano-adhesive and nano-composite resin, has advanced rapidly. Because inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) interfere with bacterial metabolism and inhibit biofilm development, inorganic NPs have emerged as a new trend in dental applications. Metal and metal oxide NPs by releasing metal ions, oxidative stress induction, and non-oxidative mechanisms showed significant antimicrobial activity. For applying metal and metal oxide NPs as anti caries agents, silver, zinc, titanium, copper, and calcium ions have been shown significant attention. Moreover, fluoride functionalized inorganic NPs were also employed to improve their efficacy of them. The fluoride-functionalized NPs can promote remineralization, and inhibit demineralization by enhancing apatite formation. In this review, we have provided an overview and recent advances in the use of inorganic NPs as anti caries agents. Furthermore, their antimicrobial, remineralizing, and mechanical impacts on dental materials were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athraa Y. Al-hijazi
- Department of Dentistry, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Nada Hasan
- Department of Dentistry, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Bassem Karim Nasr
- Department of Dentistry, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | | | - Buthaina Al-Khafaji
- Department of Dentistry, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | | | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
- Corresponding author.
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Hoyt ALM, Staiger M, Schweinbeck M, Cölfen H. Penetration Coefficients of Commercial Nanolimes and a Liquid Mineral Precursor for Pore-Imitating Test Systems-Predictability of Infiltration Behavior. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2506. [PMID: 36984386 PMCID: PMC10058312 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanolimes have been commercially available for over a decade as a remineralization agent for natural stone to combat deterioration. While they have been applied successfully and studied extensively, their penetration abilities in different materials have not yet been readily quantifiable in situ and in real time. Using two transparent pore-imitating test systems (acrylic glass (PMMA) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)) and light microscopy, the penetration coefficients (PCs) of two nanolimes (CaLoSiL (CLS) and Nanorestore Plus (NRP)), as well as their solvents, were determined experimentally in square channels of about 100 µm diameter. Their PCs and those for a previously published glass-resin-based test system were also predicted based on measurable material parameters or literature values using the Lucas-Washburn equation. Additionally, a liquid mineral precursor (LMP) of calcium carbonate based on complex coacervation (CC) was investigated as an alternative to the solid particle dispersions of nanolime. In general, the dispersions behaved like their pure solvents. Overall, trends could be reasonably well predicted with both literature and experimentally determined properties using the Lucas-Washburn equation. In absolute terms, the prediction of observed infiltration behavior was satisfactory for alcohols and nanolimes but deviated substantially for water and the aqueous LMP. The commercially available PMMA chips and newly designed PDMS devices were mostly superior to the previously published glass-resin-based test system, except for the long-term monitoring of material deposition. Lastly, the transfer of results from these investigated systems to a different, nontransparent mineral, calcite, yielded similar PC values independently of the original data when used as the basis for the conversion (all PC types and all material/liquid combinations except aqueous solutions in PDMS devices). This knowledge can be used to improve the targeted design of tailor-made remineralization treatments for different application cases by guiding solvent choice, and to reduce destructive sampling by providing a micromodel for pretesting, if transferability to real stone samples proves demonstrable in the future.
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14
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Anand BG, Shejale KP, Rajesh Kumar R, Thangam R, Prajapati KP, Kar K, Mala R. Bioactivation of an orthodontic wire using multifunctional nanomaterials to prevent plaque accumulation. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 148:213346. [PMID: 36963344 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the growth of biofilm on orthodontic material has become a difficult challenge in modern dentistry. The antibacterial efficacy of currently used orthodontic material becomes limited due to the higher affinity of oral microbial flora for plaque formation on the material surface. Thus it is crutial to device an efficient strategy to prevent plaque buildup caused by pathogenic microbiota. In this work, we have fabricated a bioactive orthodontic wire using titanium nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). AgNPs were synthesized from the extracts of Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Solanum surattense, and Syzygium aromaticum, while the TiO2NPs were synthesized by the Sol-Gel method. The nanoparticles were characterized by various biophysical techniques. The surface of the dental wire was molded by functionalizing these AgNPs followed by an additional coating of TiO2NPs. Functionalized dental wires were found to counteract the formation of tenacious intraoral biofilm, and showed an enhanced anti-bacterial effect against Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) bacteria isolated from patients with various dental ailments. Data revealed that such surface coating counteracts the bacterial pathogens by inducing the leakage of Ag ions which eventually disrupts the cell membrane as confirmed from TEM micrographs. The results offer a significant opportunity for innovations in developing nanoparticle-based formulations to modify or fabricate an effective orthodontic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibin G Anand
- Biomolecular Self Assembly Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu-603203, India; Biophysical and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi- 110067, India.
| | - Kiran P Shejale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - R Rajesh Kumar
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Ramar Thangam
- Dynamic Nano-Bioengineering Lab, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kailash Prasad Prajapati
- Biophysical and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi- 110067, India
| | - Karunakar Kar
- Biophysical and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi- 110067, India
| | - R Mala
- Department of Biotechnology, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi 626123, India.
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15
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Butera A, Maiorani C, Gallo S, Pascadopoli M, Quintini M, Lelli M, Tarterini F, Foltran I, Scribante A. Biomimetic Action of Zinc Hydroxyapatite on Remineralization of Enamel and Dentin: A Review. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8010071. [PMID: 36810402 PMCID: PMC9944842 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic zinc-carbonate hydroxyapatite technology was developed to realize materials that mimic the natural hydroxyapatite of enamel and dentin and possess good activity in terms of affinity to adhere to these biological tissues. The chemical and physical characteristics of this active ingredient allows the hydroxyapatite itself to be particularly similar to dental hydroxyapatite, enhancing the bond between biomimetic hydroxyapatite and dental hydroxyapatite. The aim of this review is to assess the efficacy of this technology in terms of benefits for enamel and dentin and reduction of dental hypersensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search (Pubmed/MEDLINE and Scopus) of articles from 2003 to 2023 was conducted to analyze studies focused on the use of zinc-hydroxyapatite products. Duplicates were eliminated from the 5065 articles found, leaving 2076 articles. Of these, 30 articles were analyzed based on the use of products with zinc-carbonate hydroxyapatite in these studies. RESULTS 30 articles were included. Most of the studies showed benefits in terms of remineralization and prevention of enamel demineralization in terms of occlusion of the dentinal tubules and reduction of dentinal hypersensitivity. CONCLUSION Oral care products such as toothpaste and mouthwash with biomimetic zinc-carbonate hydroxyapatite were shown to provide benefits according to the aims of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Butera
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Carolina Maiorani
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Simone Gallo
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pascadopoli
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina Quintini
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Lelli
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Tarterini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ismaela Foltran
- Incos-Cosmeceutica Industriale, Funo di Argelato, 40050 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Scribante
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Souza AF, Souza MT, Damasceno JE, Ferreira PVC, Alves de Cerqueira G, Baggio Aguiar FH, Marchi GM. Effects of the Incorporation of Bioactive Particles on Physical Properties, Bioactivity and Penetration of Resin Enamel Infiltrant. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2023; 15:31-43. [PMID: 36923270 PMCID: PMC10010126 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s398514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The resinous infiltrant lacks remineralizing activity. This research aimed to develop and evaluate bioactivity, physico-mechanical properties and penetration of resin infiltrants containing Biosilicate or nanohydroxyapatite. Methods Experimental resin infiltrant (ERI; 75/25 wt.% TEGDMA/BisEMA) was divided among the groups Pure Experimental (PE); ERI + Biosilicate 5 or 10% (Bio5; Bio10), ERI + 10% nanohydroxyapatite (Hap10), and Icon (DMG, Germany). Bioactivity was analyzed by SEM, EDS and FT-IR/ATR after soaking in SBF. Degree of conversion (DC), sorption and solubility (SO; SOL), flexural strength, modulus of elasticity (FS; E-modulus), contact angle (CA) and penetration were characterized. Extent of penetration was analyzed by treating white spot lesions (WSL) in human dental enamel samples with the infiltrants and subsequently analyzing specimens by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Data from each test were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's tests (p < 0.01). Results SEM, EDS and FT-IR showed the formation of precipitates and increase in the rates of Ca and P in the groups with bioactive particles, after storage in SBF. Hap10 showed higher DC and CA values than all the other groups. Groups Bio5 and Bio10 showed CA values similar to those of Icon, higher SO and SOL values, and reduction in other properties. All infiltrants were capable of penetrating into the WSLs. Conclusion The incorporation of Biosilicate (5 or 10%) or nanohydroxyapatite (10%) into ERI induced mineral deposition on the surface and did not compromise infiltration and penetration into WSLs, however, compromising their physico-mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ferreira Souza
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Marina Trevelin Souza
- Laboratory of Vitreous Materials, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Janaína Emanuela Damasceno
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Paulo Vitor Campos Ferreira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Gabriela Alves de Cerqueira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Giselle Maria Marchi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
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Enax J, Amaechi BT, Schulze zur Wiesche E, Meyer F. Overview on Adjunct Ingredients Used in Hydroxyapatite-Based Oral Care Products. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7:biomimetics7040250. [PMID: 36546950 PMCID: PMC9775056 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7040250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite, Ca5(PO4)3(OH), is a biomimetic active ingredient, which is used in commercial oral care products such as toothpastes and mouthwashes worldwide. Clinical studies (in vivo) as well as in situ and in vitro studies have shown the preventive effects of hydroxyapatite in various field of oral care. In some products, hydroxyapatite is combined with other active ingredients, to achieve an additional antibacterial effect or to promote gum health. This review analyzes the efficacy of six selected natural and nature-inspired ingredients that are commonly used together with hydroxyapatite. These additional actives are either antibacterial (lactoferrin, xylitol, and zinc) or promote gum health (allantoin, bisabolol, and hyaluronic acid). A systematic literature search was performed, and all studies found on each ingredient were analyzed. In summary, all analyzed ingredients mentioned in this review are well described in scientific studies on their beneficial effect for oral health and can be used to expand the preventive effect of hydroxyapatite in oral care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Enax
- Research Department, Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Johanneswerkstr. 34 36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.E.); (F.M.)
| | - Bennett T. Amaechi
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Erik Schulze zur Wiesche
- Research Department, Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Johanneswerkstr. 34 36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Frederic Meyer
- Research Department, Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Johanneswerkstr. 34 36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.E.); (F.M.)
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18
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Yan L, Zheng C, Yuan D, Guo Z, Cui Y, Xie Z, Chen Z, Tang R, Liu Z. Fast Construction of Biomimetic Organic-Inorganic Interface by Crosslinking of Calcium Phosphate Oligomers: A Strategy for Instant Regeneration of Hard Tissue. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201161. [PMID: 36103604 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The organic-inorganic structure in biological hard tissues ensures their marvelous characteristics but these hybrids are easily destroyed by the demineralization of inorganic components, e.g., the damage of dentin. Current clinical materials for hard tissue regeneration commonly act as "fillers" and their therapeutic effect is limited by the failures of biological-linked organic-inorganic interface reconstruction. Herein, a fast in situ crosslinking of calcium phosphate oligomers (CPOs) on collagen matrixes for efficient organic-inorganic interface re-construction, which can result in a biomimetic hybrid, is demonstrated. By using damaged dentin as an example, the inorganic ionic crosslinking can instantly infiltrate into the dentin matrix to rebuild a dense and continuous calcium phosphate-collagen hybrid within only 5 min, where the structurally integrated organic-inorganic interface is identical to natural dentin. As a result, the damaged dentin can be fully recovered to a healthy one, which is superior to any current dentin treatments. The fast construction of biomimetic hybrid by inorganic ionic crosslinking provides a promising strategy for hard tissue repair and follows great potentials of CPOs as advanced biomedical materials in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumiao Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang university, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Ding Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Zhengxi Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Yihao Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Zhijian Xie
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang university, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China.,State Key Laboratory for Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Zhaoming Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China.,State Key Laboratory for Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
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Enax J, Meyer F, Schulze zur Wiesche E, Epple M. On the Application of Calcium Phosphate Micro- and Nanoparticles as Food Additive. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4075. [PMID: 36432359 PMCID: PMC9693044 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The human body needs calcium and phosphate as essential nutrients to grow bones and teeth, but they are also necessary for many other biochemical purposes (e.g., the biosynthesis of phospholipids, adenosine triphosphate, ATP, or DNA). The use of solid calcium phosphate in particle form as a food additive is reviewed and discussed in terms of bioavailability and its safety after ingestion. The fact that all calcium phosphates, such as hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate, are soluble in the acidic environment of the stomach, regardless of the particle size or phase, means that they are present as dissolved ions after passing through the stomach. These dissolved ions cannot be distinguished from a mixture of calcium and phosphate ions that were ingested separately, e.g., from cheese or milk together with soft drinks or meat. Milk, including human breast milk, is a natural source of calcium and phosphate in which calcium phosphate is present as nanoscopic clusters (nanoparticles) inside casein (protein) micelles. It is concluded that calcium phosphates are generally safe as food additives, also in baby formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Enax
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Frederic Meyer
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Erik Schulze zur Wiesche
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
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20
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Moore C, Cheng Y, Tjokro N, Zhang B, Kerr M, Hayati M, Chang KCJ, Shah N, Chen C, Jokerst JV. A Photoacoustic-Fluorescent Imaging Probe for Proteolytic Gingipains Expressed by Porphyromonas gingivalis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201843. [PMID: 35583940 PMCID: PMC9296565 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a keystone pathogen in periodontal disease. We herein report a dual-modal fluorescent and photoacoustic imaging probe for the detection of gingipain proteases secreted by P. gingivalis. Upon proteolytic cleavage by Arg-specific gingipain (RgpB), five-fold photoacoustic enhancement and >100-fold fluorescence activation was measured with detection limits of 1.1 nM RgpB and 5.0E4 CFU mL-1 bacteria in vitro. RgpB activity was imaged in porcine jaws with low-nanomolar sensitivity. Diagnostic efficacy was evaluated in gingival crevicular fluid samples from subjects with and without periodontal disease, wherein activation was correlated to qPCR-based detection of P. gingivalis (Pearson's r=0.71). Finally, photoacoustic imaging of RgpB-cleaved probe was achieved in murine brains ex vivo, with relevance and potential utility for disease models of general infection by P. gingivalis, motivated by the recent biological link between gingipain and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colman Moore
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093. USA
| | - Yong Cheng
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093. USA
| | - Natalia Tjokro
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 925 West 34 Street, Los Angeles, CA 90089. USA
| | - Brendan Zhang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093. USA
| | - Matthew Kerr
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093. USA
| | - Mohammed Hayati
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 925 West 34 Street, Los Angeles, CA 90089. USA
| | - Kai Chiao Joe Chang
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 925 West 34 Street, Los Angeles, CA 90089. USA
| | - Nisarg Shah
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093. USA
| | - Casey Chen
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 925 West 34 Street, Los Angeles, CA 90089. USA
| | - Jesse V. Jokerst
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093. USA
- Materials Science Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093. USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093. USA
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21
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A Bibliometric Analysis of Electrospun Nanofibers for Dentistry. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13030090. [PMID: 35893458 PMCID: PMC9326643 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13030090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrospun nanofibers have been widely used in dentistry due to their excellent properties, such as high surface area and high porosity, this bibliometric study aimed to review the application fields, research status, and development trends of electrospun nanofibers in different fields of dentistry in recent years. All of the data were obtained from the Web of Science from 2004 to 2021. Origin, Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer, and Carrot2 were used to process, analyze, and evaluate the publication year, countries/region, affiliations, authors, citations, keywords, and journal data. After being refined by the year of publication, document types and research fields, a total of 378 publications were included in this study, and an increasing number of publications was evident. Through linear regression calculations, it is predicted that the number of published articles in 2022 will be 66. The most published journal about electrospun dental materials is Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications, among the six core journals identified, the percent of journals with Journal Citation Reports (JCR) Q1 was 60%. A total of 17.60% of the publications originated from China, and the most productive institution was the University of Sheffield. Among all the 1949 authors, the most productive author was Marco C. Bottino. Most electrospun dental nanofibers are used in periodontal regeneration, and Polycaprolactone (PCL) is the most frequently used material in all studies. With the global upsurge in research on electrospun dental materials, bone regeneration, tissue regeneration, and cell differentiation and proliferation will still be the research hotspots of electrospun dental materials in recent years. Extensive collaboration and citations among authors, institutions and countries will also reach a new level.
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22
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Evaluation of remineralizing potential of hydroxyapatite, phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phospahate and fluoride dentifrices using SEM/EDX analysis: A randomized controlled in-vitro study. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdj.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Lang C, Lloyd EC, Matuszewski KE, Xu Y, Ganesan V, Huang R, Kumar M, Hickey RJ. Nanostructured block copolymer muscles. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:752-758. [PMID: 35654867 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High-performance actuating materials are necessary for advances in robotics, prosthetics and smart clothing. Here we report a class of fibre actuators that combine solution-phase block copolymer self-assembly and strain-programmed crystallization. The actuators consist of highly aligned nanoscale structures with alternating crystalline and amorphous domains, resembling the ordered and striated pattern of mammalian skeletal muscle. The reported nanostructured block copolymer muscles excel in several aspects compared with current actuators, including efficiency (75.5%), actuation strain (80%) and mechanical properties (for example, strain-at-break of up to 900% and toughness of up to 121.2 MJ m-3). The fibres exhibit on/off rotary actuation with a peak rotational speed of 450 r.p.m. Furthermore, the reported fibres demonstrate multi-trigger actuation (heat and hydration), offering switchable mechanical properties and various operating modes. The versatility and recyclability of the polymer fibres, combined with the facile fabrication method, opens new avenues for creating multifunctional and recyclable actuators using block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Elisabeth C Lloyd
- Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Kelly E Matuszewski
- Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Yifan Xu
- Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Venkat Ganesan
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Manish Kumar
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Robert J Hickey
- Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
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24
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Vitiello F, Tosco V, Monterubbianesi R, Orilisi G, Gatto ML, Sparabombe S, Memé L, Mengucci P, Putignano A, Orsini G. Remineralization Efficacy of Four Remineralizing Agents on Artificial Enamel Lesions: SEM-EDS Investigation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:4398. [PMID: 35806523 PMCID: PMC9267358 DOI: 10.3390/ma15134398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dental remineralization represents the process of depositing calcium and phosphate ions into crystal voids in demineralized enamel, producing net mineral gain and preventing early enamel lesions progression. The aim of the present study was to qualitatively and quantitatively compare the remineralizing effectiveness of four commercially available agents on enamel artificial lesions using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) combined with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. Thirty-six extracted third molars were collected and randomly assigned to six groups (n = 6), five of which were suspended in demineralizing solution for 72 h to create enamel artificial lesions, and one serving as control: G1, treated with a mousse of casein phosphopeptide and amorphous calcium−phosphate (CPP-ACP); G2, treated with a gel containing nano-hydroxyapatite; G3, treated with a 5% SF varnish; G4, treated with a toothpaste containing ACP functionalized with fluoride and carbonate-coated with citrate; G5, not-treated artificial enamel lesions; G6, not demineralized and not treated sound enamel. G1−G4 were subjected to pH cycling over a period of seven days. Analyses of the specimens’ enamel surfaces morphology were performed by SEM and EDS. Data were statistically analyzed for multiple group comparison by one-way ANOVA/Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). The results show that the Ca/P ratio of the G5 (2.00 ± 0.07) was statistically different (p < 0.05) from G1 (1.73 ± 0.05), G2 (1.76 ± 0.01), G3 (1.88 ± 0.06) and G6 (1.74 ± 0.04), while there were no differences (p > 0.05) between G1, G2 and G6 and between G4 (2.01 ± 0.06) and G5. We concluded that G1 and G2 showed better surface remineralization than G3 and G4, after 7 days of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Vitiello
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.V.); (V.T.); (R.M.); (G.O.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Vincenzo Tosco
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.V.); (V.T.); (R.M.); (G.O.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Riccardo Monterubbianesi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.V.); (V.T.); (R.M.); (G.O.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Giulia Orilisi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.V.); (V.T.); (R.M.); (G.O.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Maria Laura Gatto
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning (SIMAU) & UdR INSTM, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (M.L.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Scilla Sparabombe
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.V.); (V.T.); (R.M.); (G.O.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Lucia Memé
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.V.); (V.T.); (R.M.); (G.O.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Paolo Mengucci
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning (SIMAU) & UdR INSTM, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (M.L.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Angelo Putignano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.V.); (V.T.); (R.M.); (G.O.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Giovanna Orsini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.V.); (V.T.); (R.M.); (G.O.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (A.P.)
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25
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Moore C, Cheng Y, Tjokro N, Zhang B, Kerr M, Hayati M, Chang KCJ, Shah N, Chen C, Jokerst JV. A Photoacoustic‐Fluorescent Imaging Probe for Proteolytic Gingipains Expressed by
Porphyromonas gingivalis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colman Moore
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Yong Cheng
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Natalia Tjokro
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry University of Southern California 925 West 34th Street Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
| | - Brendan Zhang
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla CA 92093 USA
- Current address: Diazyme Laboratories Inc
| | - Matthew Kerr
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Mohammed Hayati
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry University of Southern California 925 West 34th Street Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
| | - Kai Chiao Joe Chang
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry University of Southern California 925 West 34th Street Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
| | - Nisarg Shah
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Casey Chen
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry University of Southern California 925 West 34th Street Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
| | - Jesse V. Jokerst
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla CA 92093 USA
- Materials Science Program University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla CA 92093 USA
- Department of Radiology University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla CA 92093 USA
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26
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Witzke K, Frank M, Specht O, Schulz U, Oehlschläger C, Behrend D, Ottl P, Warkentin M. Comparative Sample Preparation Using Focused Ion Beam and Ultramicrotomy of Human Dental Enamel and Dentine for Multimicroscopic Imaging at Micro- and Nanoscale. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093084. [PMID: 35591421 PMCID: PMC9100687 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of this study was to systematically compare TEM sections of mineralized human enamel and dentine prepared by focused ion beam (in situ lift-out) technique and ultramicrotomy through a combination of microscopic examination methods (scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy). In contrast with published studies, we compared the TEM preparation methods using the same specimen blocks as those for the ultramicrotomy and FIB technique. (2) Methods: A further evaluation of TEM sample preparation was obtained by confocal laser scanning microscopy and atomic force microscopy. In addition, ultramicrotome- and focused ion beam-induced artefacts are illustrated. (3) Results: The FIB technique exposed a major difference between non-decalcified enamel and dentine concerning the ultrastructural morphology compared to ultramicrotome-prepared sections. We found that ultramicrotomy was useful for cutting mineralized dentine, with the possibility of mechanical artefacts, but offers limited options for the preparation of mineralized enamel. FIB preparation produced high-quality TEM sections, showing the anisotropic ultrastructural morphology in detail, with minor structural artefacts. Our results show that the solution of artificial saliva and glutardialdehyde (2.5% by volume) is a very suitable fixative for human mineralized tissue. (4) Conclusions: The protocol that we developed has strong potential for the preparation of mineralized biomaterials for TEM imaging and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Witzke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Plastic Surgery, Greifswald University Medicine, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße DZ7, 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Marcus Frank
- Electron Microscopy Centre, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstraße 14, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (M.F.); (U.S.)
- Department of Life, Light and Matter, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany; (D.B.); (P.O.)
| | - Olaf Specht
- Department of Material Science and Medical Engineering, University of Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 4, 18119 Rostock, Germany; (O.S.); (C.O.)
- Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Leibnitz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Ute Schulz
- Electron Microscopy Centre, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstraße 14, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (M.F.); (U.S.)
| | - Claudia Oehlschläger
- Department of Material Science and Medical Engineering, University of Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 4, 18119 Rostock, Germany; (O.S.); (C.O.)
| | - Detlef Behrend
- Department of Life, Light and Matter, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany; (D.B.); (P.O.)
- Department of Material Science and Medical Engineering, University of Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 4, 18119 Rostock, Germany; (O.S.); (C.O.)
| | - Peter Ottl
- Department of Life, Light and Matter, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany; (D.B.); (P.O.)
- Department of Prosthodontics and Materials Sciences, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstraße 13, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Mareike Warkentin
- Department of Material Science and Medical Engineering, University of Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 4, 18119 Rostock, Germany; (O.S.); (C.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-381-54-345-538
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27
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Neshatian M, Holcroft J, Kishen A, De Souza G, Ganss B. Promoting mineralization at biological interfaces Ex vivo with novel amelotin-based bio-nano complexes. Mater Today Bio 2022; 14:100255. [PMID: 35464740 PMCID: PMC9020105 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Conclusion AMTN/AMTN-Col functionalized HANP are potent mineral-promoting bio-nano complexes. AMTN/AMTN-Col coated HANP promote collagen mineralization. AMTN/AMTN-Col coated HANP enhance resin-dentin bond strength. AMTN/AMTN-Col coated HANP are potential candidates for clinical application.
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28
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Thangavelu L, Veeraragavan GR, Mallineni SK, Devaraj E, Parameswari RP, Syed NH, Dua K, Chellappan DK, Balusamy SR, Bhawal UK. Role of Nanoparticles in Environmental Remediation: An Insight into Heavy Metal Pollution from Dentistry. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:1946724. [PMID: 35340422 PMCID: PMC8947893 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1946724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental damage is without a doubt one of the most serious issues confronting society today. As dental professionals, we must recognize that some of the procedures and techniques we have been using may pose environmental risks. The usage and discharge of heavy metals from dental set-ups pollute the environment and pose a serious threat to the ecosystem. Due to the exclusive properties of nanosized particles, nanotechnology is a booming field that is being extensively studied for the remediation of pollutants. Given that the nanoparticles have a high surface area to volume ratio and significantly greater reactivity, they have been greatly considered for environmental remediation. This review aims at identifying the heavy metal sources and their environmental impact in dentistry and provides insights into the usage of nanoparticles in environmental remediation. Although the literature on various functions of inorganic nanoparticles in environmental remediation was reviewed, the research is still confined to laboratory set-ups and there is a need for more studies on the usage of nanoparticles in environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Mandy Dental College, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Geetha Royapuram Veeraragavan
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 077, India
| | - Sreekanth Kumar Mallineni
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Almajmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ezhilarasan Devaraj
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Royapuram Parthasarathy Parameswari
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Nazmul Huda Syed
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, George Town 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Sri Renukadevi Balusamy
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Ujjal K. Bhawal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
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29
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De Morais DC, Jackson JK, Kong JH, Ghaffari S, Palma-Dibb RG, Carvalho RM, Lange D, Manso AP. Characterization of polymethylmethacrylate microspheres loaded with silver and doxycycline for dental materials applications. Dent Mater 2022; 38:946-959. [PMID: 35300870 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The manufacturing of polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA) microspheres loaded with doxycycline(DOX) and/or silver sulfate(Ag2SO4) to be incorporated into glass ionomer cement(GIC). METHODS PMMA microspheres were manufactured with Ag2SO4(1-5%) and/or DOX(5-15%). Particle size, encapsulation efficiency and drug release were measured by light microscope, ICP, and HPLC. Microspheres were added to a dental GIC(20%w/w). Drug release and DTS were investigated. Minimum inhibitory concentration and antibacterial effects of PMMA microspheres into GIC materials were tested. RESULTS The median diameter of 50 µm was obtained for microspheres. DOX was encapsulated at an efficiency of 8.3% using a theoretical loading of 15%DOX + 5%Ag2SO4. The Ag2SO4 encapsulation efficiency was 0.63% using a theoretical loading of 5%AgSO4. All groups showed burst release within the first day and continued released up to 15 days, with 60-83% of DOX and approximately 30% of silver. For GIC, approximately 15% of DOX and 0.18% of silver were released in a 7-day period. Microbiological results showed an antimicrobial effect against S. mutans when the lead formulation of microspheres was added. The DTS was reduced by the inclusion of microspheres. SIGNIFICANCE PMMA microspheres containing DOX and Ag2SO4 offer a sustained antimicrobial activity for dental applications and promising potential for the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayana C De Morais
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - John K Jackson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Jong Hoon Kong
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Sahand Ghaffari
- Department of Urological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Regina G Palma-Dibb
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Ribeirao Preto School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo M Carvalho
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Dirk Lange
- Department of Urological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Adriana P Manso
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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30
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Aref NS, Abdallah RM. Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Antibacterial Activity of Nano Titania-Enriched Alkasite Restorative Material: An In Vitro Study. Open Dent J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/18742106-v16-e2112130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
A biocompatible additive with the ability to establish antibacterial action for restorative materials without sacrificing their physical properties is always in demand. Nano titania (TiO2 nanoparticles) was shown to have antimicrobial action against a wide range of microorganisms. Alkasite is a modern esthetic restorative material that has outstanding properties; however, it is deficient in antibacterial activity.
Objective:
TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were included in alkasite, and both mechanical properties and antibacterial activity of the new formulations were assessed.
Materials and Methods:
Nano titania powder was coupled to alkasite powder in proportions of 3 and 5% (w/w). There were 105 specimens made in total. Evaluation parameters were compressive strength, surface microhardness, surface roughness, water sorption and solubility, and antibacterial activity. One and two-way ANOVA were used for the statistical analysis, followed by Tukey′s test (p<0.05).
Results:
Both ratios of nano titania, 3 and 5% (w/w), significantly increased compressive strength, antibacterial activity against different pathogens, and decreased water solubility of alkasite (p<0.05). Only 5% (w/w) nano titania-modified alkasite exhibited significant decrease in water sorption (p<0.05). Conversely, an insignificant increase in microhardness and surface roughness was observed with both ratios, 3 and 5% (w/w) of nano titania (p˃0.05).
Conclusion:
Nano titania seems to be a very promising complementary additive to the alkasite restorative material, capable of generating considerable antibacterial effectiveness while also enhancing certain mechanical properties.
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31
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Das A, Raposo GCC, Lopes DS, da Silva EJ, Carneiro VSM, Mota CCBDO, Amaral MM, Zezell DM, Barbosa-Silva R, Gomes ASL. Exploiting Nanomaterials for Optical Coherence Tomography and Photoacoustic Imaging in Nanodentistry. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:506. [PMID: 35159853 PMCID: PMC8838952 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is already a societal awareness of the growing impact of nanoscience and nanotechnology, with nanomaterials (with at least one dimension less than 100 nm) now incorporated in items as diverse as mobile phones, clothes or dentifrices. In the healthcare area, nanoparticles of biocompatible materials have already been used for cancer treatment or bioimaging enhancement. Nanotechnology in dentistry, or nanodentistry, has already found some developments in dental nanomaterials for caries management, restorative dentistry and orthodontic adhesives. In this review, we present state-of-the-art scientific development in nanodentistry with an emphasis on two imaging techniques exploiting nanomaterials: optical coherence tomography (OCT) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI). Examples will be given using OCT with nanomaterials to enhance the acquired imaging, acting as optical clearing agents for OCT. A novel application of gold nanoparticles and nanorods for imaging enhancement of incipient occlusal caries using OCT will be described. Additionally, we will highlight how the OCT technique can be properly managed to provide imaging with spatial resolution down to 10's-100's nm resolution. For PAI, we will describe how new nanoparticles, namely TiN, prepared by femtosecond laser ablation, can be used in nanodentistry and will show photoacoustic microscopy and tomography images for such exogenous agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avishek Das
- Physics Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (R.B.-S.); (A.S.L.G.)
| | - Gisele Cruz Camboim Raposo
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (G.C.C.R.); (E.J.d.S.)
| | - Daniela Siqueira Lopes
- Faculty of Dentistry, Campus Arcoverde, Universidade de Pernambuco, Arcoverde 56503-146, PE, Brazil;
| | - Evair Josino da Silva
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (G.C.C.R.); (E.J.d.S.)
| | | | | | - Marcello Magri Amaral
- Scientific and Technological Institute, Universidade Brasil, Fernandópolis 15600-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Denise Maria Zezell
- Center for Lasers and Applications, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares IPEN—CNEN, São Paulo 05411-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Renato Barbosa-Silva
- Physics Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (R.B.-S.); (A.S.L.G.)
| | - Anderson Stevens Leonidas Gomes
- Physics Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (R.B.-S.); (A.S.L.G.)
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (G.C.C.R.); (E.J.d.S.)
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Schestakow A, Pütz N, Guth MS, Eisenmenger TA, Dudek J, Hannig M. Influence of a hydroxyapatite suspension on 48-h dental biofilm formation in-situ. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 136:105388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Helbig R, Hannig M, Basche S, Ortgies J, Killge S, Hannig C, Sterzenbach T. Bioadhesion on Textured Interfaces in the Human Oral Cavity-An In Situ Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031157. [PMID: 35163081 PMCID: PMC8835155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive biofilm formation on materials used in restorative dentistry is a common reason for their failure and the development of oral diseases like peri-implantitis or secondary caries. Therefore, novel materials and strategies that result in reduced biofouling capacities are urgently sought. Previous research suggests that surface structures in the range of bacterial cell sizes seem to be a promising approach to modulate bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Here we investigated bioadhesion within the oral cavity on a low surface energy material (perfluorpolyether) with different texture types (line-, hole-, pillar-like), feature sizes in a range from 0.7–4.5 µm and graded distances (0.7–130.5 µm). As a model system, the materials were fixed on splints and exposed to the oral cavity. We analyzed the enzymatic activity of amylase and lysozyme, pellicle formation, and bacterial colonization after 8 h intraoral exposure. In opposite to in vitro experiments, these in situ experiments revealed no clear signs of altered bacterial surface colonization regarding structure dimensions and texture types compared to unstructured substrates or natural enamel. In part, there seemed to be a decreasing trend of adherent cells with increasing periodicities and structure sizes, but this pattern was weak and irregular. Pellicle formation took place on all substrates in an unaltered manner. However, pellicle formation was most pronounced within recessed areas thereby partially masking the three-dimensional character of the surfaces. As the natural pellicle layer is obviously the most dominant prerequisite for bacterial adhesion, colonization in the oral environment cannot be easily controlled by structural means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Helbig
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.H.); (J.O.)
| | - Sabine Basche
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Density, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (S.B.); (C.H.)
| | - Janis Ortgies
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (M.H.); (J.O.)
| | - Sebastian Killge
- Institute of Semiconductor and Microsystems, Chair of Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01609 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Christian Hannig
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Density, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (S.B.); (C.H.)
| | - Torsten Sterzenbach
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Density, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (S.B.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-351-458-2250
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Gruber D, Ruiz-Agudo C, Cölfen H. Cationic Coacervates: Novel Phosphate Ionic Reservoir for the Mineralization of Calcium Phosphates. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 9:1791-1795. [PMID: 35061343 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cationic complex coacervates are contemplated for various medical applications controlling carrier or release processes. Here, lower Mw poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (15 kg/mol) and (hydrogen)phosphate as cross-linking units were chosen to facilitate a sufficient coacervation and subsequently a controllable phosphate release, essential for consecutive mineralization reactions. In addition, the rheological characteristics of the obtained coacervates were assessed, exhibiting a pronounced liquid character, which enables beneficial properties toward remineralization applications such as high wettability and moldability. In light of our results, macroscopic hydrogels are considered for the first time as an ion source for the mineralization of crystalline calcium phosphate phases, representing an entirely new class of preceding mineralization species for potential applications in dentistry and osteology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Gruber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse
10, Box 714, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Cristina Ruiz-Agudo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse
10, Box 714, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Helmut Cölfen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse
10, Box 714, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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AlHussain BS, AlGhrairy LA, AlRizqi AH, AlHarbi FNO, AlRizqi AA, AlKhamsi HB, AlAssiri SNA, AlOmran HM. Effect of Nano-Filled Glass Ionomer Cement on the Remineralization of Caries Lesion: A Literature Review. ANNALS OF DENTAL SPECIALTY 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/7uz66pcpnm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Nizami MZI, Xu VW, Yin IX, Yu OY, Chu CH. Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Caries Prevention: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3446. [PMID: 34947795 PMCID: PMC8703950 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles based on metal and metallic oxide have become a novel trend for dental use as they interfere with bacterial metabolism and prevent biofilm formation. Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles demonstrate significant antimicrobial activity by metal ion release, oxidative stress induction and non-oxidative mechanisms. Silver, zinc, titanium, copper, and magnesium ions have been used to develop metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. In addition, fluoride has been used to functionalise the metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. The fluoride-functionalised nanoparticles show fluoride-releasing properties that enhance apatite formation, promote remineralisation, and inhibit demineralisation of enamel and dentine. The particles' nanoscopic size increases their surface-to-volume ratio and bioavailability. The increased surface area facilitates their mechanical bond with tooth tissue. Therefore, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles have been incorporated in dental materials to strengthen the mechanical properties of the materials and to prevent caries development. Another advantage of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles is their easily scalable production. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the use of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in caries prevention. The study reviews their effects on dental materials regarding antibacterial, remineralising, aesthetic, and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chun-Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (M.Z.I.N.); (V.W.X.); (I.X.Y.); (O.Y.Y.)
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Application of Selected Biomaterials and Stem Cells in the Regeneration of Hard Dental Tissue in Paediatric Dentistry-Based on the Current Literature. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123374. [PMID: 34947723 PMCID: PMC8709498 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the development of the use of biomaterials and their application in medicine is causing rapid changes in the fields of regenerative dentistry. Each year, new research studies allow for the discovery of additional possibilities of dental tissue restoration. The structure and functions of teeth are complex. They consist of several diverse tissues that need to act together to ensure the tooth’s function and durability. The integrity of a tooth’s enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp tissue allows for successful mastication. Biomaterials that are needed in dentistry must withstand excessive loading forces, be biocompatible with the hosts’ tissues, and stable in the oral cavity environment. Moreover, each tooth’s tissue, as well as aesthetic qualities in most cases, should closely resemble the natural dental tissues. This is why tissue regeneration in dentistry is such a challenge. This scientific research focuses on paediatric dentistry, its classification of caries, and the use of biomaterials in rebuilding hard dental tissues. There are several methods described in the study, including classical conservative methods such as caries infiltration or stainless-steel crowns. Several clinical cases are present, allowing a reader to better understand the described methods. Although the biomaterials mentioned in this work are artificial, there is currently ongoing research regarding clinical stem cell applications, which have a high potential for becoming one of the most common techniques of lost dental-tissue regeneration in the near future. The current state of stem cell development is mentioned, as well as the various methods of its possible application in dentistry.
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Mok ZH, Mylonas P, Austin R, Proctor G, Pitts N, Thanou M. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles for potential application as enamel remineralising agent tested on hydroxyapatite discs. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:20002-20012. [PMID: 34826325 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05378g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate exhibits excellent biocompatibility, and with particle size in the nanoscale, calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CPNPs) were explored to replace the hydroxyapatite lost in the nanoporous teeth due to dental erosion. CPNPs (2% w/v) colloidally stabilised by sodium citrate were synthesised via co-precipitation. They were characterised in terms of particle size, morphology, crystallinity, Ca/P ratio and calcium ion release. To ensure uniformity of the substrate, hydroxyapatite (HA) discs were examined as an alternative substrate model to enamel. They were eroded in acetate buffer (0.5 M; pH 4.0) at various timepoints (1, 5, 10, 30 min, and 2, 4 h), and their physical differences compared to enamel were assessed in terms of surface microhardness, surface roughness and step height. The remineralisation properties of the synthesised CPNPs on eroded HA discs at different pH levels were investigated. It was established that CPNPs were heterogeneously deposited on the HA discs at pH 9.2, whereas newly precipitated minerals from CPNPs were potentially formed at pH 6.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Hong Mok
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | | | - Rupert Austin
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gordon Proctor
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nigel Pitts
- Reminova, Inveralmond Business Park, Auld Bond Road, Perth, UK
| | - Maya Thanou
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
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Tang S, Dong Z, Ke X, Luo J, Li J. Advances in biomineralization-inspired materials for hard tissue repair. Int J Oral Sci 2021; 13:42. [PMID: 34876550 PMCID: PMC8651686 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00147-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomineralization is the process by which organisms form mineralized tissues with hierarchical structures and excellent properties, including the bones and teeth in vertebrates. The underlying mechanisms and pathways of biomineralization provide inspiration for designing and constructing materials to repair hard tissues. In particular, the formation processes of minerals can be partly replicated by utilizing bioinspired artificial materials to mimic the functions of biomolecules or stabilize intermediate mineral phases involved in biomineralization. Here, we review recent advances in biomineralization-inspired materials developed for hard tissue repair. Biomineralization-inspired materials are categorized into different types based on their specific applications, which include bone repair, dentin remineralization, and enamel remineralization. Finally, the advantages and limitations of these materials are summarized, and several perspectives on future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Tang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhiyun Dong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xiang Ke
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jun Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
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Polymer-Based Bioactive Luting Agents for Cementation of All-Ceramic Crowns: An SEM, EDX, Microleakage, Fracture Strength, and Color Stability Study. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13234227. [PMID: 34883731 PMCID: PMC8659464 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare microleakage and fracture loads of all ceramic crowns luted with conventional polymer resins and polymeric bioactive cements and to assess the color stability of polymeric bioactive cements. Seventy-five extracted premolar teeth were tested for fracture loads and microleakage in all-ceramic crowns cemented with two types of polymeric bioactive cements and resin cements. In addition, the degree of color change for each cement with coffee was assessed. Thirty maxillary premolar teeth for fracture loads and thirty mandibular premolar teeth for microleakage were prepared; standardized teeth preparations were performed by a single experienced operator. All prepared specimens were randomly distributed to three groups (n = 20) based on the type of cement, Group 1: resin cement (Multilink N); Group 2: polymeric bioactive cement (ACTIVA); Group 3: polymeric bioactive cement (Ceramir). The cementation procedures for all cements (Multilink, ACTIVA, and Ceramir) were performed according to the manufacturers' instructions. All specimens were aged using thermocycling for 30,000 cycles (5-55 °C, dwell time 30 s). These specimens were tested using the universal testing machine for fracture strength and with a micro-CT for microleakage. For the color stability evaluation, the cement specimens were immersed in coffee and evaluated with a spectrometer. Results: The highest and lowest means for fracture loads were observed in resin cements (49.5 ± 8.85) and Ceramir (39.8 ± 9.16), respectively. Ceramir (2.563 ± 0.71) showed the highest microleakage compared to resin (0.70 ± 0.75) and ACTIVA (0.61 ± 0.56). ACTIVA cements showed comparable fracture loads, microleakage, and stain resistance compared to resin cements.
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Grohe B, Mittler S. Advanced non-fluoride approaches to dental enamel remineralization: The next level in enamel repair management. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2021; 4:100029. [PMID: 36824571 PMCID: PMC9934497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In modern dentistry, a minimally invasive management of early caries lesions or early-stage erosive tooth wear (ETW) with synthetic remineralization systems has become indispensable. In addition to fluoride, which is still the non-plus-ultra in these early caries/ETW treatments, a number of new developments are in the test phase or have already been commercialized. Some of these systems claim that they are comparable or even superior to fluoride in terms of their ability to remineralize enamel. Besides, their use can help avoid some of the risks associated with fluoride and support treatments of patients with a high risk of caries. Two individual non-fluoride systems can be distinguished; intrinsic and extrinsic remineralization approaches. Intrinsic (protein/peptide) systems adsorb to hydroxyapatite crystals/organics located within enamel prisms and accumulate endogenous calcium and phosphate ions from saliva, which ultimately leads to the re-growth of enamel crystals. Extrinsic remineralization systems function on the basis of the external (non-saliva) supply of calcium and phosphate to the crystals to be re-grown. This article, following an introduction into enamel (re)mineralization and fluoride-assisted remineralization, discusses the requirements for non-fluoride remineralization systems, particularly their mechanisms and challenges, and summarizes the findings that underpin the most promising advances in enamel remineralization therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Grohe
- Lawson Health Research Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital, London, ON, N6A 4V2 Canada
| | - Silvia Mittler
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 3K7 Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9 Canada
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Nano-Hydroxyapatite Gel and Its Effects on Remineralization of Artificial Carious Lesions. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:7256056. [PMID: 34790238 PMCID: PMC8592696 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7256056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nano-hydroxyapatite gel (NHG) has never been investigated for enamel remineralization. This study evaluated the effects of two concentrations of NHG on remineralization of an artificial carious lesion in comparison with nano-HA toothpaste (NHT) and fluoride varnish (FV). Materials and Methods Carious lesions were prepared on 100 enamel samples and divided into 5 groups: FV, NHT, 20% NHG, and 30% NHG. One untreated (NT) group was left as control. The hardness of the surface was evaluated before, during, and after remineralization. Microhardness at various phases and the percent recovery of hardness (%HR) were determined and analyzed with ANOVA. Polarized-light micrographs (PLM) were evaluated for depth of the carious lesion. Results Significantly different remineralization capability was indicated for tested agents (p < 0.05). NHT was significantly capable of remineralization greater than NHG, FV, and NT (p < 0.05). No noticeable difference in %HR between 20% NHG and 30% NHG (p > 0.05) was found. Decreasing in the depth of caries lesion was notified by PLM as applying either NHT or NHG as greater than FV, with no reduction in the depth for NT. Conclusions Nano-HA both in toothpaste and gel form was capable of remineralization better than fluoride varnish. Comparable remineralization of 20% versus 30% NHG was evidenced. NHG for both concentrations was recommended as a capable remineralizing agent for caries remineralization. Clinical Significance: This study indicated that an application of nano-HA gel is an attractive route to deliver the material and can be more effective and less toxic than conventional formulations and provide its effectiveness directly at the site of action, especially for a noncooperative young child and medicinally intimidated patients who may face with inconvenience in using toothbrush and toothpaste for hygiene control.
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Zhang M, Yu Z, Lo ECM. A New pH-Responsive Nano Micelle for Enhancing the Effect of a Hydrophobic Bactericidal Agent on Mature Streptococcus mutans Biofilm. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:761583. [PMID: 34733266 PMCID: PMC8558613 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.761583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The bactericidal effect on biofilm is the main challenge currently faced by antibacterial agents. Nanoscale drug-delivery materials can enhance biofilm penetrability and drug bioavailability, and have significant applications in the biomedical field. Dental caries is a typical biofilm-related disease, and the acidification of biofilm pH is closely related to the development of dental caries. In this study, a pH-responsive core-shell nano micelle (mPEG-b-PDPA) capable of loading hydrophobic antibacterial agents was synthesized and characterized, including its ability to deliver antibacterial agents within an acidic biofilm. The molecular structure of this diblock copolymer was determined by hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The characters of the micelles were studied by dynamic light scattering (DLS), TEM, pH titration, and drug release detection. It was found that the hydrophilic micelles could deliver bedaquiline, a hydrophobic antibacterial agent on S. mutans, in acidic environments and in mature biofilm. No cytotoxic effect on the periodontal cells was detected within 48 h. This pH-responsive micelle, being able to load hydrophobic antibacterial agent, has good clinical application potential in preventing dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Zhiyi Yu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Edward Chin Man Lo
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, SAR China
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Hydroxyapatite-Based Solution as Adjunct Treatment for Biofilm Management: An In Situ Study. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11092452. [PMID: 34578769 PMCID: PMC8467207 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic hydroxyapatite-based solution is a bioinspired material that may present anti-adhesive properties, restraining the dental biofilm formation without causing adverse effects. This in situ study aims to evaluate the effects of three different hydroxyapatite (HAP) watery solutions as a mouthwash against biofilm adhesion on different dental material surfaces under oral conditions. Hence, four volunteers carried maxillary splints containing enamel, titanium, ceramics, and polymethyl-methacrylate resin (PMMA) samples. Three HAP watery solutions (5%) were prepared with HAP particles presenting different shapes and sizes (HAP I, HAP II, HAP III). During 24 h, the volunteers rinsed two times with one of the following selected tested solution: HAP I, HAP II, HAP III, water, or chlorhexidine 0.2% (CHX). The first rinse was performed 3 min after pellicle formation; the second rinse occurred after a 12 h interval. The surface analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fluorescence microscopy (FM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Statistical and microscopic analysis showed that most samples treated with any HAP solution revealed reduced biofilm coverage presenting comparable results to CHX treated samples, however without altering the microorganisms' viability. In conclusion, the results of this investigation showed that a pure hydroxyapatite-based mouthrinse could be a promising bioinspired adjunct solution for biofilm management.
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Ince SG, Banu Ermis R. The in situ potential of synthetic nano-hydroxyapatite for tooth enamel repair. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2021. [DOI: 10.1680/jbibn.21.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate whether nano-hydroxyapatite toothpastes with or without fluoride would be more advantageous than a fluoride toothpaste in the repair of eroded enamel in situ. Twenty-one subjects participated in this single-blind, randomized, cross-over design study with three 7-day treatment phases. In each phase, the subjects wearing a palatal appliance containing five sterilized enamel specimens used either one of the two test regimens (1% nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste and 2.25% nano-hydroxyapatite/1450 parts per million (ppm) fluoride toothpaste) or one control (1400 ppm fluoride toothpaste). Enamel specimens were extraorally demineralized (4 × 5 min/day) and were intraorally treated with the toothpastes (2 × 2 min/day). The nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste groups exhibited significantly higher surface microhardness than did the standard fluoride toothpaste group (p < 0.05). Enamel surface hardness was increased only by nano-hydroxyapatite toothpastes after in situ treatment compared with the baseline (p < 0.05). Morphological analysis demonstrated an apatite-type crystal deposition on the eroded enamel surface produced by nano-hydroxyapatite toothpastes, while fluoride toothpaste failed to show any significant surface deposition. Chemical analysis showed a higher content of calcium and phosphorus in the enamel surface treated with nano-hydroxyapatite toothpastes compared with that in the control one (p < 0.05). It is concluded that home use of nano-hydroxyapatite containing toothpastes may have a protective effect against erosion at the enamel surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gokce Ince
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Oral and Dental Health Center, Izmir, Turkey
| | - R Banu Ermis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Hamidiye Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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Mitwalli H, AlSahafi R, Albeshir EG, Dai Q, Sun J, Oates TW, Melo MAS, Xu HHK, Weir MD. Novel Nano Calcium Fluoride Remineralizing and Antibacterial Dental Composites. J Dent 2021; 113:103789. [PMID: 34455017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Composites with remineralizing and antibacterial properties are favorable for caries inhibition. The objectives of this study were to develop a new bioactive nanocomposite with remineralizing and antibiofilm properties by incorporating dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) and nano-calcium fluoride (nCaF2). METHODS nCaF2 was produced via a spray-drying method and integrated at 15% mass fraction into composite. DMAHDM was added at 3% mass fraction. Mechanical properties and F and Ca ion releases were assessed. Colony-forming units (CFU), lactic acid and metabolic activity of biofilms on composites were performed. RESULTS The new composites had flexural strengths of (95.28±6.32) MPa and (125.93±7.49) MPa, which were within the ISO recommendations. Biofilm CFU were reduced by 3-4 log (p<0.05). The composites achieved high F releases of (0.89±0.01) mmol/L and (0.44±0.01) mmol/L, and Ca releases of (1.46±0.05) mmol/L and (0.54±0.005) mmol/L. CONCLUSIONS New nanocomposites were developed with good mechanical properties, potent antibacterial activity against salivary biofilms, and high F and Ca ion releases with potential for remineralization. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Novel nanocomposites using nCaF2 and DMAHDM were developed with potent antibacterial and remineralizing effects and high F and Ca ion releases. They are promising to inhibit recurrent caries, promote remineralization, and possess long-term sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Mitwalli
- Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashed AlSahafi
- Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtehal G Albeshir
- Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Restorative Dentistry, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Quan Dai
- Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research; College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Jirun Sun
- The Forsyth Institute, A Harvard School of Dental Medicine Affiliate, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Mary Anne S Melo
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
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Hydroxyapatite in Oral Care Products-A Review. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14174865. [PMID: 34500955 PMCID: PMC8432723 DOI: 10.3390/ma14174865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate compounds form the inorganic phases of our mineralised tissues such as bone and teeth, playing an important role in hard tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In dentistry and oral care products, hydroxyapatite (HA) is a stable and biocompatible calcium phosphate with low solubility being used for various applications such as tooth remineralisation, reduction of tooth sensitivity, oral biofilm control, and tooth whitening. Clinical data on these products is limited with varied results; additionally, the effectiveness of these apatite compounds versus fluoride, which has conventionally been used in toothpaste, has not been established. Therefore, this review critically evaluates current research on HA oral care, and discusses the role and mechanism of HA in remineralisation of both enamel and dentine and for suppressing dentine sensitivity. Furthermore, we position HA’s role in biofilm management and highlight the role of HA in dental applications by summarising the recent achievement and providing an overview of commercialised HA dental products. The review also indicates the existing limitations and provides direction for future research and commercialisation of apatite-based oral care products.
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Chen M, Yi J, Zhao Z. Biocompatible orthodontic cement with antibacterial capability and protein repellency. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:412. [PMID: 34416896 PMCID: PMC8377853 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01779-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND White spot lesions (WSLs) often occur in orthodontic treatments. The objectives of this study were to develop a novel orthodontic cement using particles of nano silver (NAg), N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC), and to investigate the effects on bonding strength, biofilms and biocompatibility. METHODS A commercial resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) was modified by adding NAg, NAC and MPC. The unmodified RMGIC served as the control. Enamel bond strength and cytotoxicity of the cements were investigated. The protein repellent behavior of cements was also evaluated. The metabolic assay, lactic acid production assay and colony-forming unit assay of biofilms were used to determine the antibacterial capability of cements. RESULTS The new bioactive cement with NAg, NAC and MPC had clinically acceptable bond strength and biocompatibility. Compared to commercial control, the new cement suppressed metabolic activity and lactic acid production of biofilms by 59.03% and 70.02% respectively (p < 0.05), reduced biofilm CFU by 2 logs (p < 0.05) and reduced protein adsorption by 76.87% (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The new cement with NAg, NAC and MPC had strong antibacterial capability, protein-repellent ability and acceptable biocompatibility. The new cement is promising to protect enamel from demineralization during orthodontic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianru Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Chu K, Zhao C, Ren F. Measuring fracture toughness of human dental enamel at small scale using notched microcantilever beams. BIOSURFACE AND BIOTRIBOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1049/bsb2.12022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kangjie Chu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China
| | - Cancan Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China
| | - Fuzeng Ren
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China
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Akgun OM, Haman Bayari S, Ide S, Guven Polat G, Yildirim C, Orujalipoor I. Evaluation of the protective effect on enamel demineralization of CPP-ACP paste and ROCS by vibrational spectroscopy and SAXS: An in vitro study. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:2977-2987. [PMID: 34213062 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate human dental enamel surfaces using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques concerning differences between the demineralized enamel surface and remineralized enamel surface by casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate, Tooth mousse® (CPP-ACP) and remineralizing oral care systems (ROCS®) agents within the same tooth. For this purpose, 20 freshly extracted human maxillary central incisors without caries and defects were used. Labial surfaces of each of the teeth were divided into four sections, which were marked as follows: Group 1, normal enamel; Group 2, demineralized enamel with demineralization solution; Group 3, demineralized enamel + remineralization agent (ROCS for 10 teeth, CPP-ACP for 10 teeth); and Group 4, remineralization agent (ROCS for 10 teeth, CPP-ACP for 10 teeth). To describe the changes in tooth enamel, the phosphate group concentration within enamel was used as an indicator of the degree of mineralization. The phosphate and carbonate bands in the FTIR and Raman spectra were used to investigate the structural changes in the demineralized and remineralized enamel. Spectroscopic data were statistically analyzed in terms of CPP-ACP and ROCS using one-way analysis of variance. The carbonate content of demineralized enamel was higher than the carbonate content in the other groups (p < .03). The apatite carbonate-phosphate balance in the samples with only remineralizing agent-especially ROCS applied-changed significantly (p < .05) compared to the normal group. The average FTIR spectra of the groups were subjected to multivariate hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) conducted with the use of the OPUS 5.5 software. Nanosized surface morphologies of the samples were compared using pair distance distributions obtained through SAXS analyses. According to the SAXS analyses, applications of CCP + ACP and ROCS agents were effective on nanostructures for all groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Marti Akgun
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Gulhane Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Semra Ide
- Department of Physics Eng., Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunseli Guven Polat
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hamidiye Dentistry Faculty, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceren Yildirim
- Department of Nanotechnology & Nanomedicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ilgar Orujalipoor
- Department of Nanotechnology & Nanomedicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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