1
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Hoenig E, Han Y, Xu K, Li J, Wang M, Liu C. In situ generation of (sub) nanometer pores in MoS 2 membranes for ion-selective transport. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7911. [PMID: 39256368 PMCID: PMC11387774 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52109-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ion selective membranes are fundamental components of biological, energy, and computing systems. The fabrication of solid-state ultrathin membranes that can separate ions of similar size and the same charge with both high selectivity and permeance remains a challenge, however. Here, we present a method, utilizing the application of a remote electric field, to fabricate a high-density of (sub)nm pores in situ. This method takes advantage of the grain boundaries in few-layer polycrystalline MoS2 to enable the synthesis of nanoporous membranes with average pore size tunable from <1 to ~4 nm in diameter (with in situ pore expansion resolution of ~0.2 nm2 s-1). These membranes demonstrate selective transport of monovalent ions (K+, Na+ and Li+) as well as divalent ions (Mg2+ and Ca2+), outperforming existing two-dimensional material nanoporous membranes that display similar total permeance. We investigate the mechanism of selectivity using molecular dynamics simulations and unveil that the interactions between cations and the sluggish water confined to the pore, as well as cation-anion interactions, result in the different transport behaviors observed between ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Hoenig
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Yu Han
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Kangli Xu
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Jingyi Li
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Mingzhan Wang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Chong Liu
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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2
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Chen W, Abedin MJ, Barua T, Mirshekarloo MS, El Meragawi S, Majumder M. Customized Production of Holey Graphene Oxides via a Continuous Flow Process. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304227. [PMID: 37649176 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Continuous flow manufacturing is an innovative technology mainly applied in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries that is progressively being adapted to the manufacturing of nanomaterials to overcome the challenge of reproducing a product with consistent characteristics at a large scale. Here, a flow photochemical system is designed and prototyped for the synthesis of holey graphene oxides (hGOs). Compared to existing methods for the synthesis of hGO, the process is fast, highly scalable, and controllable. Through a combination of rigorous data analysis using machine learning algorithms on transmission electron microscope images and systematic studies of process parameters, it is demonstrated that characteristics of the produced hGO (i.e., porosity and pore size) are remarkably reproducible to the extent that it can be predicted by empirical models of processing-property correlations. Depending on the tailored nanopore structures, the synthesized hGOs out-performed GO in a range of applications that can benefit from the nanoporous two-dimensional (2D) sheets such as in supercapacitors, gas adsorption, and nanofiltration membranes. These results are significant in offering new perspectives on the low-cost industrialization of 2D nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Chen
- Nanoscale Science and Engineering Laboratory (NSEL), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Graphene Enabled Industry Transformation, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Advanced Manufacturing with Two-dimensional Materials (AM2D), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Md Joynul Abedin
- Nanoscale Science and Engineering Laboratory (NSEL), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Graphene Enabled Industry Transformation, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Advanced Manufacturing with Two-dimensional Materials (AM2D), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Titon Barua
- AFRL Laboratory, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Meysam Sharifzadeh Mirshekarloo
- Nanoscale Science and Engineering Laboratory (NSEL), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Graphene Enabled Industry Transformation, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Sally El Meragawi
- Nanoscale Science and Engineering Laboratory (NSEL), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Graphene Enabled Industry Transformation, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Advanced Manufacturing with Two-dimensional Materials (AM2D), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Mainak Majumder
- Nanoscale Science and Engineering Laboratory (NSEL), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Graphene Enabled Industry Transformation, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Advanced Manufacturing with Two-dimensional Materials (AM2D), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
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3
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Dai F, Gu Z, Hu S, Peng B, Yang R, Jiang J, Yao L, Liang S, Tu Y, Li P, Chen L. Unexpected Self-Assembly of Nanographene Oxide Membranes upon Electron Beam Irradiation for Ultrafast Ion Sieving. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2404001. [PMID: 38973254 PMCID: PMC11425961 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Nanographene oxide (nGO) flakes-graphene oxide with a lateral size of ≈100 nm or less-hold great promise for superior flux and energy-efficient nanofiltration membranes for desalination and precise ionic sieving owing to their unique high-density water channels with less tortuousness. However, their potential usage is currently limited by several challenges, including the tricky self-assembly of nano-sized flakes on substrates with micron-sized pores, severe swelling in aqueous solutions, and mechanical instability. Herein, the successful fabrication of a robust membrane stacked with nGO flakes on a substrate with a pore size of 0.22 µm by vacuum filtration is reported. This membrane achieved an unprecedented water permeance above 819.1 LMH bar-1, with a high rejection rate of 99.7% for multivalent metal ions. The nGO flakes prepared using an electron beam irradiation method, have uniquely pure hydroxyl groups and abundant aromatic regions. The calculations revealed the strong hydrogen bonds between two nGO flakes, which arise from hydroxyl groups, coupled with hydrophobic aromatic regions, greatly enhance the stability of stacked flakes in aqueous solutions and increase their effective lateral size. The research presents a simple yet effective approach toward the fabrication of advanced 2D nanographene membranes with superior performance for ion sieving applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Dai
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Zonglin Gu
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Microelectronics Industry Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Shouyuan Hu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Bingquan Peng
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Rujie Yang
- Department of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Lufeng Yao
- Department of Basic Courses, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, 430033, China
| | - Shanshan Liang
- Department of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yusong Tu
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Microelectronics Industry Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Pei Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
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4
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Ravindra P, Advincula XR, Schran C, Michaelides A, Kapil V. Quasi-one-dimensional hydrogen bonding in nanoconfined ice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7301. [PMID: 39181894 PMCID: PMC11344787 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51124-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The Bernal-Fowler ice rules stipulate that each water molecule in an ice crystal should form four hydrogen bonds. However, in extreme or constrained conditions, the arrangement of water molecules deviates from conventional ice rules, resulting in properties significantly different from bulk water. In this study, we employ machine learning-driven first-principles simulations to identify a new stabilization mechanism in nanoconfined ice phases. Instead of forming four hydrogen bonds, nanoconfined crystalline ice can form a quasi-one-dimensional hydrogen-bonded structure that exhibits only two hydrogen bonds per water molecule. These structures consist of strongly hydrogen-bonded linear chains of water molecules that zig-zag along one dimension, stabilized by van der Waals interactions that stack these chains along the other dimension. The unusual interplay of hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions in nanoconfined ice results in atypical proton behavior such as potential ferroelectric behavior, low dielectric response, and long-range proton dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Ravindra
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Xavier R Advincula
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
- Lennard-Jones Centre, University of Cambridge, Trinity Ln, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UK
| | - Christoph Schran
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
- Lennard-Jones Centre, University of Cambridge, Trinity Ln, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UK
| | - Angelos Michaelides
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
- Lennard-Jones Centre, University of Cambridge, Trinity Ln, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UK.
| | - Venkat Kapil
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
- Lennard-Jones Centre, University of Cambridge, Trinity Ln, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UK.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, 17-19 Gordon St, London, WC1H 0AH, UK.
- Thomas Young Centre and London Centre for Nanotechnology, 19 Gordon St, London, WC1H 0AH, UK.
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5
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Pietrzak A, Wojciechowski J, Nowak P, Gacki M, Ochocki J, Wolf WM. Ambiguous Faces of Water-Based Inclusion Compounds: L4(4)8(8) Intercalato-Clathrate Hydrate of Pt(II) Complex. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303483. [PMID: 38656538 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Clathrate hydrates are among the most intensively studied H-bond inclusion compounds. Despite the broad definition for this class of compounds, their meaning commonly refers to closed polyhedral nanocages that encapsulate small guest molecules. On the other hand, larger solutes enforce another type of encapsulation because of the solute size effect. Herein, we report a series of structures containing various molecules encapsulated by intercalated water layers constructed of polycyclic moieties of L4(4)8(8) topology. We parametrized the corrugation of individual layers and characterized interactions governing their formation. We suggested that these could be categorized as two-dimensional clathrates based on the character of intra-layer interactions and the effects observed between entrapped molecules and water-based intercalators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pietrzak
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Łódź University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Łódź, Poland
| | | | - Przemysław Nowak
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland
- Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School of University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, University of Łódź, Matejki 21/23, 90-237, Łódź, Poland
| | - Michał Gacki
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Łódź University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Łódź, Poland
| | - Justyn Ochocki
- Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Łódź, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151, Łódź, Poland
| | - Wojciech M Wolf
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Łódź University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Łódź, Poland
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6
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Lee S, Go SG, Park HG, Suk ME. Ion Selectivity, Current, and Water Flow Regulation in Ti 3C 2 MXene Nanopores. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:9487-9493. [PMID: 38949896 PMCID: PMC11311525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Recent years have seen a growing interest in zero-dimensional (0D) transport phenomena occurring across two-dimensional (2D) materials for their potential applications to nanopore technology such as ion separation and molecular sensing. Herein, we investigate ion transport through 1 nm-wide nanopores in Ti3C2 MXene using molecular dynamics simulations. The high polarity and fish-bone arrangement of the Ti3C2 MXene offer a built-in potential and an atomic-scale distortion to the nanopore, causing an adsorption preference for cations. Our observation of variable cation-specific ion selectivity and Coulomb blockade highlights the complex interplay between adsorption affinity and cation size. The cation-specific ion selectivity can induce both the ion current and electro-osmotic water transmission, which can be regulated by tailoring the ions' preferential pathways through electric field tilting. Our finding underscores the pivotal role of the atomic arrangement of MXenes in 0D ion transport and provides fundamental insight into the application of 2D material in nanopores-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangyeon Lee
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University
of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-gwang Go
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dong-Eui University, 176 Eomgwang-Ro, Busanjin-Gu, Busan 47340, Republic
of Korea
| | - Hyung Gyu Park
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University
of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Eun Suk
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dong-Eui University, 176 Eomgwang-Ro, Busanjin-Gu, Busan 47340, Republic
of Korea
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7
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Kang Y, Wang Y, Zhang H, Wang Z, Zhang X, Wang H. Functionalized 2D membranes for separations at the 1-nm scale. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:7939-7959. [PMID: 38984392 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00272e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The ongoing evolution of two-dimensional (2D) material-based membranes has prompted the realization of mass separations at the 1-nm scale due to their well-defined selective nano- and subnanochannels. Strategic membrane functionalization is further found to be key to augmenting channel accuracy and efficiency in distinguishing ions, gases and molecules within this range and is thus trending as a research focus in energy-, resource-, environment- and pharmaceutical-related applications. In this review, we present the fundamentals underpinning functionalized 2D membranes in various separations, elucidating the critical "method-interaction-property" relationship. Starting with an introduction to various functionalization strategies, we focus our discussion on functionalization-induced channel-species interactions and reveal how they shape the transport- and operation-related features of the membrane in different scenarios. We also highlight the limitations and challenges of current functionalized 2D membranes and outline the necessary breakthroughs needed to apply them as reliable and high-performance separation units across industries in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, 3800, Australia.
| | - Yuqi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310058, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- UQ Dow Centre for Sustainable Engineering Innovation, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072, Australia.
| | - Zhouyou Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, 3800, Australia.
| | - Xiwang Zhang
- UQ Dow Centre for Sustainable Engineering Innovation, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072, Australia.
| | - Huanting Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, 3800, Australia.
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8
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Guo L, Wu N, Zhang S, Zeng H, Yang J, Han X, Duan H, Liu Y, Wang L. Emerging Advances around Nanofluidic Transport and Mass Separation under Confinement in Atomically Thin Nanoporous Graphene. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2404087. [PMID: 39031097 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Membrane separation stands as an environmentally friendly, high permeance and selectivity, low energy demand process that deserves scientific investigation and industrialization. To address intensive demand, seeking appropriate membrane materials to surpass trade-off between permeability and selectivity and improve stability is on the schedule. 2D materials offer transformational opportunities and a revolutionary platform for researching membrane separation process. Especially, the atomically thin graphene with controllable porosity and structure, as well as unique properties, is widely considered as a candidate for membrane materials aiming to provide extreme stability, exponentially large selectivity combined with high permeability. Currently, it has shown promising opportunities to develop separation membranes to tackle bottlenecks of traditional membranes, and it has been of great interest for tremendously versatile applications such as separation, energy harvesting, and sensing. In this review, starting from transport mechanisms of separation, the material selection bank is narrowed down to nanoporous graphene. The study presents an enlightening overview of very recent developments in the preparation of atomically thin nanoporous graphene and correlates surface properties of such 2D nanoporous materials to their performance in critical separation applications. Finally, challenges related to modulation and manufacturing as well as potential avenues for performance improvements are also pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ningran Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing, 100095, China
| | - Shengping Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing, 100095, China
| | - Haiou Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jing Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiao Han
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing, 100095, China
| | - Hongwei Duan
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuancheng Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Luda Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing, 100095, China
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9
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Barabanova L, Buldum A. Do Molecules Tunnel through Nanoporous Graphene? Molecules 2024; 29:3306. [PMID: 39064885 PMCID: PMC11279791 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The molecular transport and quantum tunneling of H2 and H2O molecules through nanoporous graphene is studied using computational modeling and first-principles density functional theory. It is demonstrated that molecules with sufficiently high kinetic energies can tunnel through nanopores. It is also demonstrated that molecules can be trapped in front of a nanopore or behind it. These investigations help us learn the behavior of molecules in and around the nanopores of graphene. They also help us learn the fundamentals of molecular tunneling. We believe nanoporous graphene can play important roles for gas separation and nanofiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alper Buldum
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
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10
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Saud A, Gupta S, Allal A, Preud’homme H, Shomar B, Zaidi SJ. Progress in the Sustainable Development of Biobased (Nano)materials for Application in Water Treatment Technologies. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:29088-29113. [PMID: 39005778 PMCID: PMC11238215 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Water pollution remains a widespread problem, affecting the health and wellbeing of people around the globe. While current advancements in wastewater treatment and desalination show promise, there are still challenges that need to be overcome to make these technologies commercially viable. Nanotechnology plays a pivotal role in water purification and desalination processes today. However, the release of nanoparticles (NPs) into the environment without proper safeguards can lead to both physical and chemical toxicity. Moreover, many methods of NP synthesis are expensive and not environmentally sustainable. The utilization of biomass as a source for the production of NPs has the potential to mitigate issues pertaining to cost, sustainability, and pollution. The utilization of biobased nanomaterials (bio-NMs) sourced from biomass has garnered attention in the field of water purification due to their cost-effectiveness, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Several research studies have been conducted to efficiently produce NPs (both inorganic and organic) from biomass for applications in wastewater treatment. Biosynthesized materials such as zinc oxide NPs, phytogenic magnetic NPs, biopolymer-coated metal NPs, cellulose nanocrystals, and silver NPs, among others, have demonstrated efficacy in enhancing the process of water purification. The utilization of environmentally friendly NPs presents a viable option for enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of water pollution eradication. The present review delves into the topic of biomass, its origins, and the methods by which it can be transformed into NPs utilizing an environmentally sustainable approach. The present study will examine the utilization of greener NPs in contemporary wastewater and desalination technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Saud
- Center
for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Soumya Gupta
- Center
for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- IPREM-UMR5254,
E2S UPPA, CNRS, 2 avenue Angot, 64053 Pau cedex, France
| | - Ahmed Allal
- IPREM-UMR5254,
E2S UPPA, CNRS, 2 avenue Angot, 64053 Pau cedex, France
| | | | - Basem Shomar
- Environmental
Science Center, Qatar University, , P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Syed Javaid Zaidi
- UNESCO
Chair on Desalination and Water Treatment, Center for Advanced Materials
(CAM), Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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11
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Yu J, Marchesi D'Alvise T, Harley I, Krysztofik A, Lieberwirth I, Pula P, Majewski PW, Graczykowski B, Hunger J, Landfester K, Kuan SL, Shi R, Synatschke CV, Weil T. Ion and Molecular Sieving With Ultrathin Polydopamine Nanomembranes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401137. [PMID: 38742799 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
In contrast to biological cell membranes, it is still a major challenge for synthetic membranes to efficiently separate ions and small molecules due to their similar sizes in the sub-nanometer range. Inspired by biological ion channels with their unique channel wall chemistry that facilitates ion sieving by ion-channel interactions, the first free-standing, ultrathin (10-17 nm) nanomembranes composed entirely of polydopamine (PDA) are reported here as ion and molecular sieves. These nanomembranes are obtained via an easily scalable electropolymerization strategy and provide nanochannels with various amine and phenolic hydroxyl groups that offer a favorable chemical environment for ion-channel electrostatic and hydrogen bond interactions. They exhibit remarkable selectivity for monovalent ions over multivalent ions and larger species with K+/Mg2+ of ≈4.2, K+/[Fe(CN)6]3- of ≈10.3, and K+/Rhodamine B of ≈273.0 in a pressure-driven process, as well as cyclic reversible pH-responsive gating properties. Infrared spectra reveal hydrogen bond formation between hydrated multivalent ions and PDA, which prevents the transport of multivalent ions and facilitates high selectivity. Chemically rich, free-standing, and pH-responsive PDA nanomembranes with specific interaction sites are proposed as customizable high-performance sieves for a wide range of challenging separation requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyao Yu
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tommaso Marchesi D'Alvise
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Iain Harley
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Adam Krysztofik
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 2, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Przemyslaw Pula
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel W Majewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartlomiej Graczykowski
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 2, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Johannes Hunger
- Molecular Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Seah Ling Kuan
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rachel Shi
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christopher V Synatschke
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Synthesis of Macromolecules, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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12
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Bak S, Shim J. Study of Morphology Control of Electro-Deposited Silver on Electro-Chemically Exfoliated Graphene Electrode and Its Conductivity. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2988. [PMID: 38930357 PMCID: PMC11206019 DOI: 10.3390/ma17122988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Solution-processed graphene is beneficial for large-scale, low-cost production. However, its small lateral size, variable layer thickness, and uncontrollable oxidation level still restrict its widespread electronic application. In this study, a newly developed electrochemical exfoliation process was introduced, and a graphene-patched film electrode was fabricated by interfacial self-assembly. We were able to minimize the deterioration of graphene colloids during exfoliation by voltage and electrolyte modulation, but the patched structure of the graphene electrode still showed low conductivity with numerous inter-sheet junctions. Therefore, we determined the optimal conditions for the growth of fully networked silver structures on the multi-stacked graphene film by direct current electro-deposition, and these silver-graphene composite films showed significantly lowered graphene-colloid-patched film surface resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jongwon Shim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul 02748, Republic of Korea;
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13
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Wu D, Zhao Z, Lin B, Song Y, Qi J, Jiang J, Yuan Z, Cheng B, Zhao M, Tian Y, Wang Z, Wu M, Bian K, Liu KH, Xu LM, Zeng XC, Wang EG, Jiang Y. Probing structural superlubricity of two-dimensional water transport with atomic resolution. Science 2024; 384:1254-1259. [PMID: 38870285 DOI: 10.1126/science.ado1544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Low-dimensional water transport can be drastically enhanced under atomic-scale confinement. However, its microscopic origin is still under debate. In this work, we directly imaged the atomic structure and transport of two-dimensional water islands on graphene and hexagonal boron nitride surfaces using qPlus-based atomic force microscopy. The lattice of the water island was incommensurate with the graphene surface but commensurate with the boron nitride surface owing to different surface electrostatics. The area-normalized static friction on the graphene diminished as the island area was increased by a power of ~-0.58, suggesting superlubricity behavior. By contrast, the friction on the boron nitride appeared insensitive to the area. Molecular dynamic simulations further showed that the friction coefficient of the water islands on the graphene could reduce to <0.01.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Wu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhengpu Zhao
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bo Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yizhi Song
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiajie Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zifeng Yuan
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bowei Cheng
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mengze Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ye Tian
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhichang Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Muhong Wu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Centre for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Institute of Physics, CAS and School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Ke Bian
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Kai-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Centre for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Li-Mei Xu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Centre for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - En-Ge Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Centre for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Institute of Physics, CAS and School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
- Tsientang Institute for Advanced Study, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Centre for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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14
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Xia Q, Pan Y, Liu B, Zhang X, Li E, Shen T, Li S, Xu N, Ding J, Wang C, Vecitis CD, Gao G. Solar-driven abnormal evaporation of nanoconfined water. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj3760. [PMID: 38820164 PMCID: PMC11141626 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj3760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Intrinsic water evaporation demands a high energy input, which limits the efficacy of conventional interfacial solar evaporators. Here, we propose a nanoconfinement strategy altering inherent properties of water for solar-driven water evaporation using a highly uniform composite of vertically aligned Janus carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The water evaporation from the CNT shows the unexpected diameter-dependent evaporation rate, increasing abnormally with decreasing nanochannel diameter. The evaporation rate of CNT10@AAO evaporator thermodynamically exceeds the theoretical limit (1.47 kg m-2 hour-1 under one sun). A hybrid experimental, theoretical, and molecular simulation approach provided fundamental evidence of different nanoconfined water properties. The decreased number of H-bonds and lower interaction energy barrier of water molecules within CNT and formed water clusters may be one of the reasons for the less evaporative energy activating rapid nanoconfined water vaporization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiancheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yifan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides Bât. 510, Université Paris Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Enze Li
- Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization Technology of Coal Waste Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Tao Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Ning Xu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Chad D. Vecitis
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Guandao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Chongqing Innovation Research Institute of Nanjing University, Chongqing 401121, China
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15
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Xu N, Pan C, Qu S, Liu Q, Wang Q, Dong Q, Fan L. Thermal self-crosslink after etching for regulated preparation of Ti 3C 2 type MXene membrane and its preliminary gas separation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31155. [PMID: 38778930 PMCID: PMC11109884 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We present an innovative methodology for the synthesis of MXene membranes through a dual-stage process involving etching and subsequent thermal self-crosslinking. A molar ratio of 1 (Al3+):9 (F-) using HCl/LiF was employed to convert raw Ti3AlC2 (MAX phase) into MXene within 48 h at 40 °C. This procedure predominantly yielded monolayers distinguished by diameters exceeding 500 nm, elevated crystallinity and a high overall yield. Advanced characterization techniques, including FESEM, TEM, HRTEM, AFM, XPS, and FTIR, were utilized. Instrumental analysis confirmed the formation of MXene exhibiting a single-flake morphology with diameters exceeding 500 nm. These monolayers were intact and continuous, with smooth peripheries and a uniform thickness of 2.1 nm. The surfaces were predominantly composed of carbon (C), oxygen (O), and titanium (Ti) atoms, interconnected by chemical bonds such as C-Ti-O, C-Ti-OH, C-C, C-O, and Ti-O. In the subsequent phase, vacuum filtration facilitated the assembly of a self-supporting MXene membrane. Thermal treatment at 170 °C for 30 h resulted in the reinforcement of C-Ti-O bonds within the nanosheets, increasing their prevalence to 43.14 % and 19.47 %, respectively. This thermal regulation reduced the interlayer d-spacing from 4.33 to 3.54 Å, which significantly improved the gas separation efficiency beyond the Knudsen diffusion limit, as demonstrated by the α H 2 / C F 4 value exceeding 23.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nong Xu
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chen Pan
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Shenzhen Qu
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Long Fan
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, China
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16
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Reddy PR, Anki Reddy K, Kumar A. Comparative Retention Analysis of Intercalated Cations Inside the Interlayer Gallery of Lamellar and Nonlamellar Graphene Oxide Membranes in Reverse Osmosis Process: A Molecular Dynamics Study. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:5218-5227. [PMID: 38756068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, multilayered graphene oxide (GO) membranes have emerged as promising candidates for desalination applications. Despite their potential, a comprehensive understanding of separation mechanisms remains elusive due to the intricate morphology and structural arrangement of interlayer galleries. Moreover, a critical concern of multilayered GO membranes is their susceptibility to swelling within aqueous environments, which hinders their practical implementation. Therefore, this study introduces cation intercalation within GO laminates to elucidate the underlying factors governing swelling behavior and subsequently mitigate it. Moreover, this study performed nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations on the cation (Mg2+ or K+)-intercalated lamellar and nonlamellar GO membranes to understand the effect of the arrangement of GO sheets on the retention time of intercalated cations within GO layers, water permeance, and salt rejection mechanism in the reverse osmosis process using cation-intercalated GO membranes. Our results highlight that lamellar GO membranes exhibit higher water permeance, attributed to their well-defined interlayer gallery structure. On the other hand, nonlamellar GO membranes display superior salt rejection due to their complex interlayer gallery structure that impedes salt permeation. Moreover, the structural complexity of nonlamellar GO membranes contributes to greater stability by retention of the more intercalated cations for a longer time within the layers. Furthermore, it is observed that a higher percentage of Mg2+ cations remained inside the GO laminates as compared to K+ cations, hence resulting in the greater stability of the Mg2+-intercalated GO membrane in the aqueous environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rajasekhar Reddy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039 Assam, India
| | - K Anki Reddy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Tirupati, 517619 Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039 Assam, India
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17
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Sarker M, Dobner C, Zahl P, Fiankor C, Zhang J, Saxena A, Aluru N, Enders A, Sinitskii A. Porous Nanographenes, Graphene Nanoribbons, and Nanoporous Graphene Selectively Synthesized from the Same Molecular Precursor. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14453-14467. [PMID: 38747845 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
We demonstrate a family of molecular precursors based on 7,10-dibromo-triphenylenes that can selectively produce different varieties of atomically precise porous graphene nanomaterials through the use of different synthetic environments. Upon Yamamoto polymerization of these molecules in solution, the free rotations of the triphenylene units around the C-C bonds result in the formation of cyclotrimers in high yields. In contrast, in on-surface polymerization of the same molecules on Au(111) these rotations are impeded, and the coupling proceeds toward the formation of long polymer chains. These chains can then be converted to porous graphene nanoribbons (pGNRs) by annealing. Correspondingly, the solution-synthesized cyclotrimers can also be deposited onto Au(111) and converted into porous nanographenes (pNGs) via thermal treatment. Thus, both processes start with the same molecular precursor and end with a porous graphene nanomaterial on Au(111), but the type of product, pNG or pGNR, depends on the specific coupling approach. We also produced extended nanoporous graphenes (NPGs) through the lateral fusion of highly aligned pGNRs on Au(111) that were grown at high coverage. The pNGs can also be synthesized directly in solution by Scholl oxidative cyclodehydrogenation of cyclotrimers. We demonstrate the generality of this approach by synthesizing two varieties of 7,10-dibromo-triphenylenes that selectively produced six nanoporous products with different dimensionalities. The basic 7,10-dibromo-triphenylene monomer is amenable to structural modifications, potentially providing access to many new porous graphene nanomaterials. We show that by constructing different porous structures from the same building blocks, it is possible to tune the energy band gap in a wide range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamun Sarker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Christoph Dobner
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Percy Zahl
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Christian Fiankor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Anshul Saxena
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Narayana Aluru
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Axel Enders
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Alexander Sinitskii
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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18
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AK N, Kumar S. Integration of 2D Nanoporous Membranes in Microfluidic Devices. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:22305-22312. [PMID: 38799317 PMCID: PMC11112725 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
2D material-based membranes have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation separation technology due to their exceptional permeability and selectivity. Integration of these membranes into microfluidic devices has offered significant potential for improving the efficiency, throughput, and precision. However, designing compact and reliable microfluidic devices with membranes has many challenges, including complexities in membrane integration, analyte measurement, and contamination issues. Addressing these challenges is critical for unlocking the full potential of membrane-integrated devices. This paper proposes a systematic procedure for integrating membranes into a microfluidic device by creating a pore in the middle layer. Furthermore, an ion transport experiment is carried out across various stacked graphene and poly carbonate track etch membranes in an Ostemer-based device. The resulting device is capable of facilitating the concurrent measurement, a task that is cumbersome in standard macroscopic diffusion cells. The transparency and compactness of the microfluidic device allowed for the in situ and real-time optical characterization of analytes. The integration of microfluidic devices with 2D nanoporous membranes has enabled the incorporation of several analytical modalities, resulting in a highly versatile platform with numerous applications.
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19
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Zhou Z, Zhao K, Chi HY, Shen Y, Song S, Hsu KJ, Chevalier M, Shi W, Agrawal KV. Electrochemical-repaired porous graphene membranes for precise ion-ion separation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4006. [PMID: 38740849 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48419-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The preparation of atom-thick porous lattice hosting Å-scale pores is attractive to achieve a large ion-ion selectivity in combination with a large ion flux. Graphene film is an ideal selective layer for this if high-precision pores can be incorporated, however, it is challenging to avoid larger non-selective pores at the tail-end of the pore size distribution which reduces ion-ion selectivity. Herein, we develop a strategy to overcome this challenge using an electrochemical repair strategy that successfully masks larger pores in large-area graphene. 10-nm-thick electropolymerized conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) layer is successfully deposited on graphene, thanks to a strong π-π interaction in these two materials. While the CMP layer itself is not selective, it effectively masks graphene pores, leading to a large Li+/Mg2+ selectivity from zero-dimensional pores reaching 300 with a high Li+ ion permeation rate surpassing the performance of reported materials for ion-ion separation. Overall, this scalable repair strategy enables the fabrication of monolayer graphene membranes with customizable pore sizes, limiting the contribution of nonselective pores, and offering graphene membranes a versatile platform for a broad spectrum of challenging separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyao Zhou
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P. R. China
| | - Kangning Zhao
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Heng-Yu Chi
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Yueqing Shen
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Shuqing Song
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Kuang-Jung Hsu
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Mojtaba Chevalier
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Wenxiong Shi
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Kumar Varoon Agrawal
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland.
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20
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Wang Y, Tang F, Yu X, Ohto T, Nagata Y, Bonn M. Heterodyne-Detected Sum-Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy Reveals Aqueous Molecular Structure at the Suspended Graphene/Water Interface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319503. [PMID: 38478726 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Graphene, a transparent two-dimensional conductive material, has brought extensive new perspectives and prospects to various aqueous technological systems, such as desalination membranes, chemical sensors, energy storage, and energy conversion devices. Yet, the molecular-level details of graphene in contact with aqueous electrolytes, such as water orientation and hydrogen bond structure, remain elusive or controversial. Here, we employ surface-specific heterodyne-detected sum-frequency generation (HD-SFG) vibrational spectroscopy to re-examine the water molecular structure at a freely suspended graphene/water interface. We compare the response from the air/graphene/water system to that from the air/water interface. Our results indicate that theχ y y z 2 ${{\chi }_{yyz}^{\left(2\right)}}$ spectrum recorded from the air/graphene/water system arises from the topmost 1-2 water layers in contact with the graphene, with the graphene itself not generating a significant SFG response. Compared to the air/water interface response, the presence of monolayer graphene weakly affects the interfacial water. Graphene weakly affects the dangling O-H group, lowering its frequency through its interaction with the graphene sheet, and has a very small effect on the hydrogen-bonded O-H group. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm our experimental observation. Our work provides molecular insight into the interfacial structure at a suspended graphene/water interface, relevant to various technological applications of graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Wang
- Molecular Spectroscopy Department, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Fujie Tang
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
- Laboratory of AI for Electrochemistry (AI4EC), IKKEM, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yu
- Molecular Spectroscopy Department, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tatsuhiko Ohto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagata
- Molecular Spectroscopy Department, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Molecular Spectroscopy Department, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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21
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Yao Z, Li P, Chen K, Yang Y, Beyer A, Westphal M, Niu QJ, Gölzhäuser A. Defect-Healed Carbon Nanomembranes for Enhanced Salt Separation: Scalable Synthesis and Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:22614-22621. [PMID: 38641328 PMCID: PMC11073045 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Carbon nanomembranes (CNMs), with a high density of subnanometer channels, enable superior salt separation performance compared to conventional membranes. However, defects that occur during the synthesis and transfer processes impede their technical realization on a macroscopic scale. Here, we introduce a practical and scalable interfacial polymerization method to effectively heal defects while preserving the subnanometer pores within CNMs. The defect-healed freestanding CNMs show an exceptional performance in forward osmosis (FO), achieving a water flux of 105 L m-2 h-1 and a specific reverse salt flux of 0.1 g L-1 when measured with 1 M NaCl as draw solution. This water flux is 10 times higher than that of commercially available FO membranes, and the reverse salt flux is 70% lower. Through successful implementation of the defect-healing method and support optimization, we demonstrate the synthesis of fully functional, centimeter-scale CNM-based composite membranes showing high water permeance and a high salt rejection. Our defect-healing method presents a promising pathway to overcome limitations in CNM synthesis, advancing their potential for practical salt separation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yao
- Physics
of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
| | - Pengfei Li
- Physics
of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
- College
of Chemical Engineering, China University
of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Kuo Chen
- Physics
of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
- College
of Chemical Engineering, China University
of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Physics
of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
| | - André Beyer
- Physics
of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
| | - Michael Westphal
- Physics
of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
| | - Qingshan Jason Niu
- Institute
for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Armin Gölzhäuser
- Physics
of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
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22
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Li JY, Wang ZB, Xu ZP, Xiao DD, Gu L, Wang H. Modes of Nanodroplet Formation and Growth on an Ultrathin Water Film. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:3732-3741. [PMID: 38568211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Using nanobubbles as geometrical confinements, we create a thin water film (∼10 nm) in a graphene liquid cell and investigate the evolution of its instability at the nanoscale under transmission electron microscopy. The breakdown of the water films, resulting in the subsequent formation and growth of nanodroplets, is visualized and generalized into different modes. We identified distinct droplet formation and growth modes by analyzing the dynamic processes involving 61 droplets and 110 liquid bridges within 31 Graphene Liquid Cells (GLCs). Droplet formation is influenced by their positions in GLCs, taking on a semicircular shape at the edge and a circular shape in the middle. Growth modes include liquid mass transfer driven by Plateau-Rayleigh instability and merging processes in and out-of-plane of the graphene interface. Droplet growth can lead to the formation of liquid bridges for which we obtain multiview projections. Data analysis reveals the general dynamics of liquid bridges, including drawing liquids from neighboring residual water films, merging with surrounding droplets, and merging with other liquid bridges. Our experimental observations provide insights into fluid transport at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ye Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Bing Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Peng Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Dong Xiao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lin Gu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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23
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Khatun S, Samanta S, Addicoat MA, Pradhan A. Bottom-Up Synthesis of Twisted Porous Graphene through a Heterogeneous Scholl Reaction and Its Supercapacitor Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:19877-19883. [PMID: 38570930 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Anthracene- and pyrene-based twisted porous graphene (AN-Pyre-PG) with an ordered pore structure has been synthesized through bottom-up solution phase synthesis from a conjugated microporous polymer (AN-Pyre-CMP) via a heterogeneous Scholl cyclization reaction. The regular-ordered pores embedded within the graphene structures were analyzed through a Raman spectrum, different morphological analyses, and theoretical studies. A significant change in surface area from AN-Pyre-CMP to AN-Pyre-PG was observed, from 143 to 640 m2/g, respectively. Surface area-driven capacitive properties were also observed. Twisted-structure and ordered porous graphene shows better specific capacitance compared to CMP. AN-Pyre-PG shows a specific capacitance of 629 F g-1 at 1 A g-1, with 91% retention of capacitance after 3000 charge-discharge cycles, whereas AN-Pyre-CMP shows a maximum specific capacitance of 200 F g-1 was observed at 2 A g-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahina Khatun
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology (BIT) - Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India
| | - Siddhartha Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology (BIT) - Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India
| | - Matthew A Addicoat
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, U.K
| | - Anirban Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology (BIT) - Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India
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24
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Chu CW, Tsai CH. Surface Modification of Nanopores in an Anodic Aluminum Oxide Membrane through Dopamine-Assisted Codeposition with a Zwitterionic Polymer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:5245-5254. [PMID: 38408434 PMCID: PMC10938887 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Surface modification through dopamine-assisted codeposition with functional zwitterionic polymers can provide a simple and one-step functionalization under ambient conditions with robust and stable dopamine-surface interactions to improve the hydrophilicity of nanoporous membranes, thereby expanding their applicability to nanofiltration, ion transport, and blood purification. However, a significant knowledge gap remains in our comprehension of the mechanisms underlying the formation and deposition of dopamine/polymer aggregated coatings within nanoscale confinement. This study explores a feasible method for membrane modification through the codeposition of dopamine hydrochloride (DA) and poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA) on nanopores of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes. Our findings demonstrate that the aggregated coatings of DA and PSBMA nanocomposites can effectively deposit on the surfaces within cylindrical AAO nanopores, significantly enhancing the hydrophilicity of the nanoporous membranes. The morphology and homogeneity of the nanocomposite coatings within the nanopores are further investigated by varying PSBMA molecular weights and AAO pore sizes, revealing that higher molecular weights result in more uniform deposition. This work sheds light on understanding the codeposition of DA and zwitterionic polymers in nanoscale environments, highlighting a straightforward and stable surface modification process of nanoporous membranes involving functional polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Wei Chu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Xitun District, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsuan Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Xitun District, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
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25
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Dementyev P, Gölzhäuser A. Anti-Arrhenius passage of gaseous molecules through nanoporous two-dimensional membranes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:6949-6955. [PMID: 38334442 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05705d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The passage of molecules through membranes is known to follow an Arrhenius-like kinetics, i.e. the flux is accelerated upon heating and vice versa. There exist though stepwise processes whose rates can decrease with temperature if, for example, adsorbed intermediates are involved. In this study, we perform temperature-variable permeation experiments in the range from -50 to +50 °C and observe anti-Arrhenius behaviour of water and ammonia permeating in two-dimensional freestanding carbon nanomembranes (CNMs). The permeation rate of water vapour is found to decrease many-fold with warming, while the passage of ammonia molecules strongly increases when the membrane is cooled down to the dew point. Liquefaction of isobutylene shows no enhancement for its transmembrane flux which is consistent with the material's pore architecture. The effects are described by the Clausius-Clapeyron relationship and highlight the key role of gas-surface interactions in two-dimensional membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Dementyev
- Physics of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Armin Gölzhäuser
- Physics of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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26
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Ma L, Liu Z, Ai B, Man J, Li J, Wu K, Qiu Y. Ion transport through short nanopores modulated by charged exterior surfaces. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:074701. [PMID: 38363999 DOI: 10.1063/5.0188959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Short nanopores find extensive applications, capitalizing on their high throughput and detection resolution. Ionic behaviors through long nanopores are mainly determined by charged inner-pore walls. When pore lengths decrease to sub-200 nm, charged exterior surfaces provide considerable modulation to ion current. We find that the charge status of inner-pore walls affects the modulation of ion current from charged exterior surfaces. For 50-nm-long nanopores with neutral inner-pore walls, the charged exterior surfaces on the voltage (surfaceV) and ground (surfaceG) sides enhance and inhibit the ion transport by forming ion enrichment and depletion zones inside nanopores, respectively. For nanopores with both charged inner-pore and exterior surfaces, continuous electric double layers enhance the ion transport through nanopores significantly. The charged surfaceV results in higher ion current by simultaneously weakening the ion depletion at pore entrances and enhancing the intra-pore ion enrichment. The charged surfaceG expedites the exit of ions from nanopores, resulting in a decrease in ion enrichment at pore exits. Through adjustment in the width of charged-ring regions near pore boundaries, the effective charged width of the charged exterior is explored at ∼20 nm. Our results may provide a theoretical guide for further optimizing the performance of nanopore-based applications, such as seawater desalination, biosensing, and osmotic energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Ma
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Bowen Ai
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Jia Man
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Kechen Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yinghua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
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27
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Jiang J, Tu Y, Gu Z. Magnesium Ion Gated Ion Rejection through Carboxylated Graphene Oxide Nanopore: A Theoretical Study. Molecules 2024; 29:827. [PMID: 38398579 PMCID: PMC10892045 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
While nanoporous graphene oxide (GO) is recognized as one of the most promising reverse osmosis desalination membranes, limited attention has been paid to controlling desalination performance through the large GO pores, primarily due to significant ion leakage resulting in the suboptimal performance of these pores. In this study, we employed a molecular dynamics simulation approach to demonstrate that Mg2+ ions, adhered to carboxylated GO nanopores, can function as gates, regulating the transport of ions (Na+ and Cl-) through the porous GO membrane. Specifically, the presence of divalent cations near a nanopore reduces the concentration of salt ions in the vicinity of the pore and prolongs their permeation time across the pore. This subsequently leads to a notable enhancement in salt rejection rates. Additionally, the ion rejection rate increases with more adsorbed Mg2+ ions. However, the presence of the adsorbed Mg2+ ions compromises water transport. Here, we also elucidate the impact of graphene oxidation degree on desalination. Furthermore, we design an optimal combination of adsorbed Mg2+ ion quantity and oxidation degree to achieve high water flux and salt rejection rates. This work provides valuable insights for developing new nanoporous graphene oxide membranes for controlled water desalination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China;
- Department of Physics, Sanjiang College, Nanjing 210012, China
| | - Yusong Tu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China;
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zonglin Gu
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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28
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Gong D, Wen B, Wang L, Zhang H, Chen H, Fan J, Li Z, Guo L, Shi G, Zhu Z, Liu X, Zeng G. Alkadiyne-Pyrene Conjugated Frameworks with Surface Exclusion Effect for Ultrafast Seawater Desalination. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3075-3085. [PMID: 38174850 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Billions of populations are suffering from the supply-demand imbalance of clean water, resulting in a global sustainability crisis. Membrane desalination is a promising method to produce fresh water from saline waters. However, conventional membranes often encounter challenges related to low water permeation, negatively impacting energy efficiency and water productivity. Herein, we achieve ultrafast desalination over the newly developed alkadiyne-pyrene conjugated frameworks membrane supported on a porous copper hollow fiber. With membrane distillation, the membrane exhibits nearly complete NaCl rejection (>99.9%) and ultrahigh fluxes (∼500 L m-2 h-1) from the seawater salinity-level NaCl solutions, which surpass the commercial polymeric membranes with at least 1 order of magnitude higher permeability. Experimental and theoretical investigations suggest that the large aspect ratio of membrane pores and the high evaporation area contribute to the high flux, and the graphene-like hydrophobic surface of conjugated frameworks exhibits complete salt exclusion. The simulations also confirm that the intraplanar pores of frameworks are impermeable for water and ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Binghai Wen
- Key Lab of Education Blockchain and Intelligent Technology of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Lu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongxuan Zhang
- Key Lab of Education Blockchain and Intelligent Technology of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Huiling Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingrui Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Long Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Guosheng Shi
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute and State Key Lab, Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhigao Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute and State Key Lab, Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Gaofeng Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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29
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Nouh ES, Liu T, Croft ZL, Liu G. Vascular Bundle for Exceptional Water Confinement, Transport, and Evaporation. ACS MATERIALS LETTERS 2024; 6:602-610. [PMID: 38333598 PMCID: PMC10848287 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.3c01593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Nature, through billions of years of evolution, has constructed extremely efficient biosystems for transporting, confining, and vaporizing water. Mankind's ability to master water, however, is far from impeccable, and a sustainable supply of clean fresh water remains a global challenge. Here, we learn from Nature and prepare papyrus carbon (PC) from Egyptian papyrus paper as a sustainable solar desalination material. By taking advantage of the capillary pores from vascular bundles that are inherently built for transporting water in plants, PC achieves an evaporation rate of 4.1 kg m-2 h-1 in a passive single-stage device. Raman spectroscopy and thermal calorimetry show that the capillary pores pose a confinement effect to generate loosely hydrogen-bonded intermediate water, which substantially reduces the enthalpy of vaporization, allowing for exceptionally high energy efficiencies. The understanding is applicable to all nature-designed vascular plants and man-made separation and purification systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- El Said
A. Nouh
- Department
of Chemistry, Macromolecules Innovation Institute,
and Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Nuclear
Materials Authority, P.O. 530, El Maadi, Cairo Egypt
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Macromolecules Innovation Institute,
and Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Zacary L. Croft
- Department
of Chemistry, Macromolecules Innovation Institute,
and Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Guoliang Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Macromolecules Innovation Institute,
and Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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30
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Li S, Zhang X, Su J. Desalination Performance in Janus Graphene Oxide Channels: Geometric Asymmetry vs Charge Polarity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:2659-2671. [PMID: 38166374 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Improving the desalination performance of membranes is always in the spotlight of scientific research; however, Janus channels with polarized surface charge as nanofiltration membranes are still unexplored. In this work, using molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that Janus graphene oxide (GO) channels with appropriate geometry and surface charge can serve as highly efficient nanofiltration membranes. We observe that the water permeability of symmetric Janus GO channels is significantly superior to that of asymmetric channels without sacrificing much ion rejection, owing to weakened ion blockage and electrostatic effects. Furthermore, in symmetric Janus GO channels, the transport of water and ions is sensitive to the charge polarity of the channel inner surface, which is realized by tuning the ratio of cationic and anionic functionalization. Specifically, with the increase in cationic functionalization, the water flux decreases monotonously, while ion rejection displays an interesting maximum behavior that indicates desalination optimization. Moreover, the trade-off between water permeability and ion rejection suggests that the Janus GO channels have an excellent desalination potential and are highly tunable according to the specific water treatment requirements. Our work sheds light on the key role of channel geometry and charge polarity in the desalination performance of Janus GO channels, which paves the way for the design of novel desalination devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, and Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xinke Zhang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, and Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jiaye Su
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, and Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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31
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Chen C, Xu W, Li G, Qu H, Ma C, Zhang H, Bahojb Noruzi E, Cai M, Wang M, Hou X, Li H. Selectively transport and removal of fluoride ion by pillar[5]arene polymer-filled nanochannel membrane. Chemistry 2024:e202303742. [PMID: 38214487 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Excess fluoride ions in groundwater accumulate through the roots of crops, affecting photosynthesis and inhibiting their growth. Long-term bioaccumulation also threatens human health because it is poorly degradable and toxic. Currently, one of the biggest challenges is developing a unique material that can efficiently remove fluoride ions from the environment. The excellent properties of functionalized pillar[5]arene polymer-filled nanochannel membranes were explored to address this challenge. Constructing a multistage porous nanochannel membrane, consisting of microscale etched nanochannels and nanoscale pillar[5]arene cross-linked polymer voids. A fluoride removal rate of 0.0088 mmol ⋅ L-1 ⋅ min-1 was achieved. Notably, this rate surpassed the rates observed with other control ions by a factor of 6 to 8.8. Our research provides a new direction for developing water fluoride ion removal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiu Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P.R. China
| | - Guang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P.R. China
| | - Haonan Qu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P.R. China
| | - Cuiguang Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P.R. China
| | - Haifan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P.R. China
| | - Ehsan Bahojb Noruzi
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P.R. China
| | - Meng Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P.R. China
| | - Miao Wang
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xu Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Haibing Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Featured MetaMaterials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
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32
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Liu Y, Zhang S, Song R, Zeng H, Wang L. Preanchoring Enabled Directional Modification of Atomically Thin Membrane for High-Performance Osmotic Energy Generation. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:26-34. [PMID: 38117701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Salinity gradient energy is an environmentally friendly energy source that possesses potential to meet the growing global energy demand. Although covalently modified nanoporous graphene membranes are prospective candidates to break the trade-off between ion selectivity and permeability, the random reaction sites and inevitable defects during modification reduce the reaction efficiency and energy conversion performance. Here, we developed a preanchoring method to achieve directional modification near the graphene nanopores periphery. Numerical simulation revealed that the improved surface charge density around nanopores results in exceptional K+/Cl- selectivity and osmotic energy conversion performance, which agreed well with experimental results. Ionic transport measurements showed that the directionally modified graphene membranes achieved an outstanding power density of 81.6 W m-2 with an energy conversion efficiency of 35.4% under a 100-fold salinity gradient, outperforming state-of-the-art graphene-based nanoporous membranes. This work provided a facile approach for precise modification of nanoporous graphene membranes and opened up new ways for osmotic power harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuancheng Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shengping Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing, China 100095, China
| | - Ruiyang Song
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Haiou Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Luda Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing, China 100095, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, China 100871, China
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33
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Sohail Ahmad M, Inomata Y, Kida T. Energy Application of Graphene Based Membrane: Hydrogen Separation. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300163. [PMID: 37489627 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen gas (H2 ) is a viable energy carrier that has the potential to replace the traditional fossil fuels and contribute to achieving zero net emissions, making it an attractive option for a hydrogen-based society. However, current H2 purification technologies are often limited by high energy consumption, and as a result, there is a growing demand for alternative techniques that offer higher H2 purity and energy efficiency. Membrane separation has emerged as a promising approach for obtaining high-purity H2 gas with low energy consumption. Nevertheless, despite years of development, commercial polymeric membranes have limited performance, prompting researchers to explore alternative materials. In this context, carbon-based membranes, specifically graphene-based nanomaterials, have gained significant attention as potential membrane materials due to their unique properties. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of carbon-based membranes for H2 gas separation, fabrication of the membrane, and its characterization, including their advantages and limitations. We also explore the current technological challenges and suggest insights into future research directions, highlighting potential ways to improve graphene-based membranes performance for H2 separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sohail Ahmad
- 2D nanomaterials Division, Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials (IINa), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology (IROAST), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Inomata
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology (IROAST), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
- Department of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kida
- 2D nanomaterials Division, Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials (IINa), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology (IROAST), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
- Department of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
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34
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Xiong M, Athreya N, Chakraborty R, Leburton JP. Ion Trapping and Thermionic Emission across Sub-nm Pores. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11719-11726. [PMID: 38078825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Ionic transport through a graphene biomimetic subnanometer (sub-nm) pore of arbitrary shape and realistically decorated by intrinsic negatively charged sites is investigated by all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In the presence of external electric fields, cation trapping-assisted translocation occurs in the vicinity of the 2D subnanometer pore, while the anion current is blocked by the negative charges. The adsorbed cations in such asymmetrically charged nanopores are located on the top of the nanopore instead of blocking the pore, as suggested previously in highly symmetric pores such as crown ethers. Our analysis of the different types of energy involved in ion translocations indicates that electrostatics is the dominant factor controlling ion transfer across these sub-nm pores. A physical model based on the thermionic emission formalism to account for the free energy barriers to ion flow reproduces the I-V characteristics.
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35
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Bian Y, Teng Y, Chen S, Tang K, Zhao L, Fu L, Gu S. Farming on the Ocean via Desalination (FOOD). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:21104-21112. [PMID: 38054477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Today, agricultural irrigation consumes the largest amount of freshwater globally, while humans are threatened by water scarcity. To eliminate the trade-off between hunger and thirst, here, we show off-grid maritime agriculture based on a floating solar-driven agro-desalination wooden dome. In this dome, part of the visible light is transmitted for photosynthesis, and the remaining solar energy drives solar desalination, providing enough water (>4 mm day-1) for irrigation. Based on this water-food synergy, the stages of germination and growth are demonstrated. This technology can, to a large extent, support food security and sustainable agriculture and, in principle, be used to create self-circulation systems at sea to help humans survive weather extremes such as floods and droughts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Bian
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Acton 2601, Australia
| | - Yan Teng
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Si Chen
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Kun Tang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Lan Fu
- Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Acton 2601, Australia
| | - Shulin Gu
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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36
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Li Z, Yu L, Ma H, Chen J, Meng J, Wang Y, Liu Y, Song Q, Dong Z, Miao M, Li B, Zhi C. An efficient interfacial solar evaporator featuring a hierarchical porous structure entirely derived from waste cotton. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166212. [PMID: 37567279 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial solar evaporators are widely used to purify water. However, photothermal materials commonly constituting most interfacial solar evaporators remain expensive; additionally, the inherent structure of the evaporators limits their performance. Furthermore, the large amount of waste cotton produced by the textile industry is an environmental threat. To address these issues, we propose an interfacial solar evaporator, H-CA-CS, with a hierarchical porous structure. This evaporator is made entirely of waste cotton and uses carbon microspheres (CMS) and cellulose aerogel (CA) as photothermal and substrate materials, respectively. Additionally, its photothermal layer (CS layer) has large pores and a high porosity, which promote light absorption and timely vapor escape. In contrast, the water transport layer (CA layer) has small pores, providing a robust capillary effect for water transport. Combined with the outstanding light absorption properties of CMS, H-CA-CS exhibited superior overall performance. We found that H-CA-CS has an excellent evaporation rate (1.68 kg m-2 h-1) and an efficiency of 90.6 % under one solar illumination (1 kW m-2), which are superior to those of many waste-based solar evaporators. Moreover, H-CA-CS maintained a mean evaporation rate of 1.61 kg m-2 h-1, ensuring sustainable evaporation performance under long-term scenarios. Additionally, H-CA-CS can be used to purify seawater and various types of wastewater with removal efficiencies exceeding 99 %. In conclusion, this study proposes a method for efficiently using waste cotton to purify water and provides novel ideas for the high-value use of other waste fibers to further mitigate ongoing environmental degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China; School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Lingjie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China; School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Haodong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China; School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Jianglong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China; School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Jiaguang Meng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China; School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Yongzhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China; School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Yaming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China; School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Qingwen Song
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China; School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Zijing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China; School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Menghe Miao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China; School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Chao Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China; School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China.
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37
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Rahimi Z, Koslowski T, Lohrasebi A. Water purification modeling by functionalized hourglass-shape multilayer nano-channel. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 125:108599. [PMID: 37586129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, inspired by the overall structure and operation of the aquaporin channel, graphene-based nanochannels are proposed to be used as potential membranes for the water purification process. To this end, an hourglass-shaped channel has been designed using the three-layer porous graphene sheets and the effects of some main channel's elements, such as the channel bending angle and attached functional groups to it, on the filtration performance have been examined by using molecular dynamics simulations. We find that a suitable bending channel shape can improve the channel efficiency, i.e. both the water permeability and the ion rejection rate of the suitable bent channels were more than for the straight channels. In addition, regarding the different functionalized channels, the half-functionalized channels were more efficient than the completed functionalized ones. Furthermore, by monitoring the dynamics of water molecules as they pass through the narrowest part of the channels, it was found that water molecule rotation assists water transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Rahimi
- Department of Physics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 8174673441, Iran; Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Koslowski
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Amir Lohrasebi
- Department of Physics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 8174673441, Iran.
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38
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Ma L, Liu Z, Man J, Li J, Siwy ZS, Qiu Y. Modulation mechanism of ionic transport through short nanopores by charged exterior surfaces. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:18696-18706. [PMID: 37947348 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04467j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Short nanopores have various applications in biosensing, desalination, and energy conversion. Here, the modulation of ionic transport by charged exterior surfaces is investigated through simulations with sub-200 nm long nanopores under applied voltages. Detailed analysis of the ionic current, electric field strength, and fluid flow inside and outside nanopores reveals that charged exterior surfaces can increase ionic conductance by increasing both the concentration and migration speed of charge carriers. The electric double layers near charged exterior surfaces provide an ion pool and an additional passageway for counterions, which lead to enhanced exterior surface conductance and ionic concentrations at pore entrances and inside the nanopores. We also report that charges on the membrane surfaces increase the electric field strength inside nanopores. The effective width of a ring with surface charges placed at pore entrances (Lcs) is considered as well by studying the dependence of the current on Lcs. We find a linear relationship between the effective Lcs and the surface charge density and voltage, and an inverse relationship between the geometrical pore length and salt concentration. Our results elucidate the modulation mechanism of ionic transport through short nanopores by charged exterior surfaces, which is important for the design and fabrication of porous membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Ma
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
| | - Jia Man
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
| | - Zuzanna S Siwy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Yinghua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Suzhou Research Institute of Shandong University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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39
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Noh Y, Aluru NR. Scaling of ionic conductance in a fluctuating single-layer nanoporous membrane. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19813. [PMID: 37957224 PMCID: PMC10643653 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46962-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-layer membranes have emerged as promising candidates for applications requiring high transport rates due to their low resistance to molecular transport. Owing to their atomically thin structure, these membranes experience significant microscopic fluctuations, emphasizing the need to explore their impact on ion transport processes. In this study, we investigate the effects of membrane fluctuations on the elementary scaling behavior of ion conductance [Formula: see text] as a function of ion concentration [Formula: see text], represented as [Formula: see text], using molecular dynamics simulations. Our findings reveal that membrane fluctuations not only alter the conductance coefficient [Formula: see text] but also the power-law exponent [Formula: see text]. We identify two distinct frequency regimes of membrane fluctuations, GHz-scale and THz-scale fluctuations, and examine their roles in conductance scaling. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the alteration of conductance scaling arises from the non-linearity between ion conductance and membrane shape. This work provides a fundamental understanding of ion transport in fluctuating membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yechan Noh
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - N R Aluru
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 78712, USA.
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40
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Ding C, Su J. Ionic transport through a bilayer nanoporous graphene with cationic and anionic functionalization. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:174502. [PMID: 37909454 DOI: 10.1063/5.0170313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the ionic transport through multilayer nanoporous graphene (NPG) holds great promise for the design of novel nanofluidic devices. Bilayer NPG with different structures, such as nanopore offset and interlayer space, should be the most simple but representative multilayer NPG. In this work, we use molecular dynamics simulations to systematically investigate the ionic transport through a functionalized bilayer NPG, focusing on the effect of pore functionalization, offset, applied pressure and interlayer distance. For a small interlayer space, the fluxes of water and ions exhibit a sudden reduction to zero with the increase in offset that indicates an excellent on-off gate, which can be deciphered by the increasing potential of mean force barriers. With the increase in pressure, the fluxes increase almost linearly for small offsets while always maintain zero for large offsets. Finally, with the increase in interlayer distance, the fluxes increase drastically, resulting in the reduction in ion rejection. Notably, for a specific interlayer distance with monolayer water structure, the ion rejection maintains high levels (almost 100% for coions) with considerable water flux, which could be the best choice for desalination purpose. The dynamics of water and ions also exhibit an obvious bifurcation for cationic and anionic functionalization. Our work comprehensively addresses the ionic transport through a bilayer NPG and provides a route toward the design of novel desalination devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuxuan Ding
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, and Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jiaye Su
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, and Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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41
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Nalge DR, Karmakar T, Bhattacharya S, Balasubramanian KB. Thermodynamic Window for Size-Controlled Pore Formation in Graphene for Large-Scale Molecular Sieves. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9758-9765. [PMID: 37882468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanopores in graphene monolayers are a promising option for molecular separation applications, such as desalination and carbon capture. Graphene's atomic thickness allows for an optimal balance between molecular selectivity and permeability, while its chemical stability and robust mechanical properties make it appealing for a wide range of commercial applications. However, scaling to large areas with controlled pore size distribution is an open challenge in ultrathin membranes. Here, using first-principles calculations, we identify a suitable thermodynamic window in a chemical vapor deposition system for directly growing graphene monolayers with a controlled pore size distribution. As an example, our calculations show that a postgrowth annealing step with a supersaturation range of 19.7-25 kJ/mol at 1000 K results in the creation of a controllable pore density at graphene grain boundaries, with pore sizes falling within the range of 5-8 Å. Such pores isolate hydrated Cl ions from water molecules, effectively desalinating seawater. Thus, it allows the design of targeted synthesis of large-scale 2D layers for membrane applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divij Ramesh Nalge
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, IIT Delhi Main Rd, IIT Campus, Hauz Khas, New Delhi,Delhi 110016, India
| | - Tarak Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, IIT Delhi Main Rd, IIT Campus, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Saswata Bhattacharya
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, IIT Delhi Main Rd, IIT Campus, Hauz Khas, New Delhi,Delhi 110016, India
| | - Krishna Bharadwaj Balasubramanian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, IIT Delhi Main Rd, IIT Campus, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
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42
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Bondaz L, Ronghe A, Li S, Čerņevičs K, Hao J, Yazyev OV, Ayappa KG, Agrawal KV. Selective Photonic Gasification of Strained Oxygen Clusters on Graphene for Tuning Pore Size in the Å Regime. JACS AU 2023; 3:2844-2854. [PMID: 37885574 PMCID: PMC10598578 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the size of single-digit pores, such as those in graphene, with an Å resolution has been challenging due to the limited understanding of pore evolution at the atomic scale. The controlled oxidation of graphene has led to Å-scale pores; however, obtaining a fine control over pore evolution from the pore precursor (i.e., the oxygen cluster) is very attractive. Herein, we introduce a novel "control knob" for gasifying clusters to form pores. We show that the cluster evolves into a core/shell structure composed of an epoxy group surrounding an ether core in a bid to reduce the lattice strain at the cluster core. We then selectively gasified the strained core by exposing it to 3.2 eV of light at room temperature. This allowed for pore formation with improved control compared to thermal gasification. This is because, for the latter, cluster-cluster coalescence via thermally promoted epoxy diffusion cannot be ruled out. Using the oxidation temperature as a control knob, we were able to systematically increase the pore density while maintaining a narrow size distribution. This allowed us to increase H2 permeance as well as H2 selectivity. We further show that these pores could differentiate CH4 from N2, which is considered to be a challenging separation. Dedicated molecular dynamics simulations and potential of mean force calculations revealed that the free energy barrier for CH4 translocation through the pores was lower than that for N2. Overall, this study will inspire research on the controlled manipulation of clusters for improved precision in incorporating Å-scale pores in graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Bondaz
- Laboratory
of Advanced Separations, Institute of Chemical
Sciences & Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Anshaj Ronghe
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Shaoxian Li
- Laboratory
of Advanced Separations, Institute of Chemical
Sciences & Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | | | - Jian Hao
- Laboratory
of Advanced Separations, Institute of Chemical
Sciences & Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Oleg V. Yazyev
- Institute
of Physics, EPFL, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - K. Ganapathy Ayappa
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Kumar Varoon Agrawal
- Laboratory
of Advanced Separations, Institute of Chemical
Sciences & Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
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43
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Vahdat MT, Li S, Huang S, Pignedoli CA, Marzari N, Agrawal KV. Unraveling the Oxidation of a Graphitic Lattice: Structure Determination of Oxygen Clusters. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:168001. [PMID: 37925704 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.168001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Unraveling the oxidation of graphitic lattice is of great interest for atomic-scale lattice manipulation. Herein, we build epoxy cluster, atom by atom, using Van der Waals' density-functional theory aided by Clar's aromatic π-sextet rule. We predict the formation of cyclic epoxy trimers and its linear chains propagating along the armchair direction of the lattice to minimize the system's energy. Using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy on oxidized graphitic lattice, we identify linear chains as bright features that have a threefold symmetry, and which exclusively run along the armchair direction of the lattice confirming the theoretical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tohidi Vahdat
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
- Theory and Simulation of Materials (THEOS) and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shaoxian Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Shiqi Huang
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Carlo A Pignedoli
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA), CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Marzari
- Theory and Simulation of Materials (THEOS) and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kumar Varoon Agrawal
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
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44
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Colla T, Telles IM, Arfan M, Dos Santos AP, Levin Y. Spiers Memorial Lecture: Towards understanding of iontronic systems: electroosmotic flow of monovalent and divalent electrolyte through charged cylindrical nanopores. Faraday Discuss 2023; 246:11-46. [PMID: 37395363 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00062a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
In many practical applications, ions are the primary charge carrier and must move through either semipermeable membranes or through pores, which mimic ion channels in biological systems. In analogy to electronic devices, the "iontronic" ones use electric fields to induce the charge motion. However, unlike the electrons that move through a conductor, motion of ions is usually associated with simultaneous solvent flow. A study of electroosmotic flow through narrow pores is an outstanding challenge that lies at the interface of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics and fluid dynamics. In this paper, we will review recent works that use dissipative particle dynamics simulations to tackle this difficult problem. We will also present a classical density functional theory (DFT) based on the hypernetted-chain approximation (HNC), which allows us to calculate the velocity of electroosmotic flows inside nanopores containing 1 : 1 or 2 : 1 electrolyte solution. The theoretical results will be compared with simulations. In simulations, the electrostatic interactions are treated using the recently introduced pseudo-1D Ewald summation method. The zeta potentials calculated from the location of the shear plane of a pure solvent are found to agree reasonably well with the Smoluchowski equation. However, the quantitative structure of the fluid velocity profiles deviates significantly from the predictions of the Smoluchowski equation in the case of charged pores with 2 : 1 electrolyte. For low to moderate surface charge densities, the DFT allows us to accurately calculate the electrostatic potential profiles and the zeta potentials inside the nanopores. For pores with 1 : 1 electrolyte, the agreement between theory and simulation is particularly good for large ions, for which steric effects dominate over the ionic electrostatic correlations. The electroosmotic flow is found to depend very strongly on the ionic radii. In the case of pores containing 2 : 1 electrolyte, we observe a reentrant transition in which the electroosmotic flow first reverses and then returns to normal as the surface change density of the pore is increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Colla
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil.
| | - Igor M Telles
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Caixa Postal 15051, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 91501-970, Brazil.
| | - Muhammad Arfan
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Caixa Postal 15051, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 91501-970, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre P Dos Santos
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Caixa Postal 15051, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 91501-970, Brazil.
| | - Yan Levin
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Caixa Postal 15051, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 91501-970, Brazil.
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45
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Lv Y, Dong L, Cheng L, Gao T, Wu C, Chen X, He T, Cui Y, Liu W. Tailoring Monovalent Ion Sieving in Graphene-Oxide Membranes with High Flux by Rationally Intercalating Crown Ethers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:46261-46268. [PMID: 37738535 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional membranes have shown promising potential for ion-selective separation due to their well-defined interlayer channels. However, the typical "trade-off" effect of throughput and selectivity limits their developments. Herein, we report a precise tailoring of monovalent cation sieving technology with enhanced water throughput via the intercalation of graphene-oxide membranes with selective crown ethers. By tuning the lamellar spacing of graphene oxide, a critical interlayer distance (∼11.04 Å) is revealed to maximize water flux (53.4 mol m-2 h-2 bar-1) without sacrificing ion selectivity. As a result, the elaborately enlarged interlayer distance offers improved water permeance. Meanwhile, various specific cations with remarkably high selectivity can be separated in mixed solutions because of the strong chelation with crown ethers. This work opens up a new avenue for high-throughput and precise regulation of ion separations for various application scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjie Lv
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Lei Dong
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Lvyang Cheng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tianyi Gao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Cong Wu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tao He
- Laboratory for Membrane Materials and Separation Technology, Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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46
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Kim S, Choi H, Kim B, Lim G, Kim T, Lee M, Ra H, Yeom J, Kim M, Kim E, Hwang J, Lee JS, Shim W. Extreme Ion-Transport Inorganic 2D Membranes for Nanofluidic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2206354. [PMID: 36112951 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic 2D materials offer a new approach to controlling mass diffusion at the nanoscale. Controlling ion transport in nanofluidics is key to energy conversion, energy storage, water purification, and numerous other applications wherein persistent challenges for efficient separation must be addressed. The recent development of 2D membranes in the emerging field of energy harvesting, water desalination, and proton/Li-ion production in the context of green energy and environmental technology is herein discussed. The fundamental mechanisms, 2D membrane fabrication, and challenges toward practical applications are highlighted. Finally, the fundamental issues of thermodynamics and kinetics are outlined along with potential membrane designs that must be resolved to bridge the gap between lab-scale experiments and production levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungsoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multi-Dimensional Materials, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multi-Dimensional Materials, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyeong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multi-Dimensional Materials, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Geonwoo Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multi-Dimensional Materials, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multi-Dimensional Materials, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minwoo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multi-Dimensional Materials, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansol Ra
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multi-Dimensional Materials, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihun Yeom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multi-Dimensional Materials, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multi-Dimensional Materials, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eohjin Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multi-Dimensional Materials, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- IT Materials Division, Advanced Materials Company, LG Chem R&D Campus, Daejeon, 34122, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Sung Lee
- Separator Division, Advanced Materials Company, LG Chem R&D Campus, Daejeon, 34122, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooyoung Shim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multi-Dimensional Materials, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for NanoMedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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47
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Kim J, Tijing L, Shon HK, Hong S. Electrically conductive membrane distillation via an alternating current operation for zero liquid discharge. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 244:120510. [PMID: 37634460 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) shows promise for achieving high salinity treatment and zero liquid discharge (ZLD) compared to conventional water treatment processes due to its unique characteristics, including low energy consumption and high resulting water quality. However, performance degradation due to fouling and scaling under high recovery conditions remains a challenge, particularly considering the need to control both cations and anions for maximum scaling mitigation. Accordingly, in this study, alternating current (AC) operation for electrically conductive membrane distillation (ECMD) is newly proposed, based on its potential for controlling both cations and anions, in contrast to conventional direct current (DC) operation. Systematic experiments and theoretical analysis show that water recovery in ECMD can be increased by 27% through AC operation. The proposed modification and effective AC operation of ECMD increase the practicality of using MD in desalination for a high recovery rate, perhaps even for ZLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyun Kim
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Leonard Tijing
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; ARC Research Hub for Nutrients in a Circular Economy, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Ho Kyong Shon
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; ARC Research Hub for Nutrients in a Circular Economy, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Seungkwan Hong
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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48
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Zhang X, Tu B, Cao Z, Fang M, Zhang G, Yang J, Ying Y, Sun Z, Hou J, Fang Q, Tang Z, Li L. Anomalous Mechanical and Electrical Interplay in a Covalent Organic Framework Monolayer Membrane. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:17786-17794. [PMID: 37537964 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Ion transport through nanoconfinement, driven by both electrical and mechanical forces, has drawn ever-increasing attention, due to its high similarity to stress-sensitive ion channels in biological systems. Previous studies have reported only pressure-induced enhancement in ion conductance in low-permeable systems such as nanotubes, nanoslits, or single nanopores. This enhancement is generally explained by the ion accumulation caused by the capacitive effect in low-permeable systems. Here, we fabricate a highly permeable COF monolayer membrane to investigate ion transport behavior driven by both electrical and mechanical forces. Our results show an anomalous conductance reduction activated by external mechanical force, which is contrary to the capacitive effect-dominated conductance enhancement observed in low-permeable nanopores or channels. Through simulations, we uncovered a distinct electrical-mechanical interplay mechanism that depends on the relative rate between the ion diffusion from the boundary layer to the membrane surface and the ion transport through the membrane. The high pore density of the COF monolayer membrane reduces the charge accumulation caused by the capacitive effect, resulting in fewer accumulated ions near the membrane surface. Additionally, the high membrane permeability greatly accelerates the dissipation of the accumulated ions under mechanical pressure, weakening the effect of the capacitive layer on the streaming current. As a result, the ions accumulated on the electrodes, rather than in the capacitive layer, dominating the streaming current and giving rise to a distinct electrical-mechanical interplay mechanism compared to that in low-permeable nanopores or channels. Our study provides new insights into the interplay between electrical and mechanical forces in ultra-permeable systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Bin Tu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhouwen Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Munan Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guangjie Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jinlei Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yue Ying
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhifei Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Junjun Hou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qiaojun Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lianshan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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49
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Mallah SA, Shaikh H, Memon N, Qazi S. Fabrication of 1-octane sulphonic acid modified nanoporous graphene with tuned hydrophilicity for decontamination of industrial wastewater from organic and inorganic contaminants. RSC Adv 2023; 13:21926-21944. [PMID: 37483665 PMCID: PMC10357182 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02602g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This research work is based on the fabrication of a graphene oxide-based composite (GOBC) to remove the maximum number of contaminants from different industrial effluents. The GO was first intercalated with 1-octanesulphonic acid sodium salt and subjected to microwave irradiation to produce GOBC. Fixed-bed column tests and Jar-tests were performed for removal of the most harmful endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) such as bisphenol A, bisphenol S, endosulphan, beta-estradiol, dyes (methylene blue and violate) and toxic metal ions such as Pb2+, Li+, Ni2+, Co2+, Cr6+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, Cu2+, and As5+via adsorption. The prepared material was thoroughly characterized for its unique functional and structural properties. The results obtained from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, water contact angle and X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the successful preparation of GOBC using the proposed intercalation/microwave method. The water contact angle results showed decreased hydrophilicity of GOBC as compared to GO as the contact angle of GOBC (77.75°) was higher than that of GO (53.98°). The effects of main column parameters such as bed height, initial analyte concentration and solution flow rate were investigated. The results revealed that shorter breakthrough time, and high adsorption capacity were obtained at high flow rates of 1 mL min-1, while longer breakthrough time and lower adsorption capacity were obtained at lower flow rates of 0.5 mL min-1. The effect of bed depth on the breakthrough curve of analyte adsorption was a steep breakthrough curve; or a shorter breakthrough time occurring at lower bed height. The adsorption data obeyed the Yoon-Nelson and Thomas models very well. The adsorption capacity for BPA, BPS, endosulphan, beta-estradiol, methylene blue and violate was found to be 307, 305, 260, 290, 230 and 195 mg g-1, respectively. The adsorption capacity of GOBC for toxic metal ions such as Pb2+, Li+, Ni2+, Co2+, Cr6+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, Cu2+, and As5+ was found to be 156, 136, 126, 124, 118, 114, 82, 82, 72 and 72 mg g-1, respectively with excellent kinetics. The adsorption data obtained using Jar-tests revealed that GOBC obeys a Langmuir isotherm and a pseudo second order kinetics model. The analysis of industrial wastewater samples showed good removal efficiency of GOBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahbaz Ali Mallah
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Pakistan
| | - Huma Shaikh
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Pakistan
| | - Najma Memon
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Qazi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Pakistan
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50
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Kamsma TM, Boon WQ, Ter Rele T, Spitoni C, van Roij R. Iontronic Neuromorphic Signaling with Conical Microfluidic Memristors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:268401. [PMID: 37450821 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.268401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Experiments have shown that the conductance of conical channels, filled with an aqueous electrolyte, can strongly depend on the history of the applied voltage. These channels hence have a memory and are promising elements in brain-inspired (iontronic) circuits. We show here that the memory of such channels stems from transient concentration polarization over the ionic diffusion time. We derive an analytic approximation for these dynamics which shows good agreement with full finite-element calculations. Using our analytic approximation, we propose an experimentally realizable Hodgkin-Huxley iontronic circuit where micrometer cones take on the role of sodium and potassium channels. Our proposed circuit exhibits key features of neuronal communication such as all-or-none action potentials upon a pulse stimulus and a spike train upon a sustained stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Kamsma
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
- Mathematical Institute, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 6, 3584 CD Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - W Q Boon
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - T Ter Rele
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - C Spitoni
- Mathematical Institute, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 6, 3584 CD Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - R van Roij
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
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