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Zhang S, Gong L, Sun Y, Zhang F, Gao W. An ultra-long-acting L-asparaginase synergizes with an immune checkpoint inhibitor in starvation-immunotherapy of metastatic solid tumors. Biomaterials 2025; 312:122740. [PMID: 39096839 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis stands as the primary contributor to mortality associated with tumors. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy are frequently utilized in the management of metastatic solid tumors. Nevertheless, these therapeutic modalities are linked to serious adverse effects and limited effectiveness in preventing metastasis. Here, we report a novel therapeutic strategy named starvation-immunotherapy, wherein an immune checkpoint inhibitor is combined with an ultra-long-acting L-asparaginase that is a fusion protein comprising L-asparaginase (ASNase) and an elastin-like polypeptide (ELP), termed ASNase-ELP. ASNase-ELP's thermosensitivity enables it to generate an in-situ depot following an intratumoral injection, yielding increased dose tolerance, improved pharmacokinetics, sustained release, optimized biodistribution, and augmented tumor retention compared to free ASNase. As a result, in murine models of oral cancer, melanoma, and cervical cancer, the antitumor efficacy of ASNase-ELP by selectively and sustainably depleting L-asparagine essential for tumor cell survival was substantially superior to that of ASNase or Cisplatin, a first-line anti-solid tumor medicine, without any observable adverse effects. Furthermore, the combination of ASNase-ELP and an immune checkpoint inhibitor was more effective than either therapy alone in impeding melanoma metastasis. Overall, the synergistic strategy of starvation-immunotherapy holds excellent promise in reshaping the therapeutic landscape of refractory metastatic tumors and offering a new alternative for next-generation oncology treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanke Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Like Gong
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuanzi Sun
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Weiping Gao
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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2
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Soleimani A, Alizadeh H. Unlocking the potential of Extensin Signal peptide and Elastin-like polypeptide tag fused to Shigella dysenteriae's IpaDSTxB to improve protein expression and purification in Nicotiana tabacum and Medicagosativa. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 222:106521. [PMID: 38852714 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2024.106521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Plants are often seen as a potent tool in the recombinant protein production industry. However, unlike bacterial expression, it is not a popular method due to the low yield and difficulty of protein extraction and purification. Therefore, developing a new high efficient and easy to purify platform is crucial. One of the best approaches to make extraction easier is to utilize the Extensin Signal peptide (EXT) to translocate the recombinant protein to the outside of the cell, along with incorporating an Elastin-like polypeptide tag (ELP) to enhance purification and accumulation rates. In this research, we transiently expressed Shigella dysenteriae's IpaDSTxB fused to both NtEXT and ELP in both Nicotiana tabacum and Medicago sativa. Our results demonstrated that N. tabacum, with an average yield of 6.39 ng/μg TSP, outperforms M. sativa, which had an average yield of 3.58 ng/μg TSP. On the other hand, analyzing NtEXT signal peptide indicated that merging EXT to the constructs facilitates translocation of IpaDSTxB to the apoplast by 78.4% and 65.9% in N. tabacum and M. sativa, respectively. Conversely, the mean level for constructs without EXT was below 25% for both plants. Furthermore, investigation into the orientation of ELP showed that merging it to the C-terminal of IpaDSTxB leads to a higher accumulation rate in both N. tabacum and M. sativa by 1.39 and 1.28 times, respectively. It also facilitates purification rate by over 70% in comparison to 20% of the 6His tag. The results show a highly efficient and easy to purify platform for the expression of heterologous proteins in plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- AmirMohammad Soleimani
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Houshang Alizadeh
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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3
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Zhang S, Sun Y, Zhang L, Zhang F, Gao W. Thermoresponsive Polypeptide Fused L-Asparaginase with Mitigated Immunogenicity and Enhanced Efficacy in Treating Hematologic Malignancies. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300469. [PMID: 37271878 PMCID: PMC10427413 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
L-Asparaginase (ASP) is well-known for its excellent efficacy in treating hematological malignancies. Unfortunately, the intrinsic shortcomings of ASP, namely high immunogenicity, severe toxicity, short half-life, and poor stability, restrict its clinical usage. Poly(ethylene glycol) conjugation (PEGylation) of ASP is an effective strategy to address these issues, but it is not ideal in clinical applications due to complex chemical synthesis procedures, reduced ASP activity after conjugation, and pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies in humans. Herein, the authors genetically engineered an elastin-like polypeptide (ELP)-fused ASP (ASP-ELP), a core-shell structured tetramer predicted by AlphaFold2, to overcome the limitations of ASP and PEG-ASP. Notably, the unique thermosensitivity of ASP-ELP enables the in situ formation of a sustained-release depot post-injection with zero-order release kinetics over a long time. The in vitro and in vivo studies reveal that ASP-ELP possesses increased activity retention, improved stability, extended half-life, mitigated immunogenicity, reduced toxicity, and enhanced efficacy compared to ASP and PEG-ASP. Indeed, ASP-ELP treatment in leukemia or lymphoma mouse models of cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) shows potent anti-cancer effects with significantly prolonged survival. The findings also indicate that artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted genetic engineering is instructive in designing protein-polypeptide conjugates and may pave the way to develop next-generation biologics to enhance cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanke Zhang
- Institute of Medical TechnologyPeking University Health Science CenterPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBiomedical Engineering DepartmentPeking UniversityPeking University International Cancer InstitutePeking University‐Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research CenterBeijing100191China
| | - Yuanzi Sun
- Institute of Medical TechnologyPeking University Health Science CenterPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBiomedical Engineering DepartmentPeking UniversityPeking University International Cancer InstitutePeking University‐Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research CenterBeijing100191China
| | - Longshuai Zhang
- Institute of Medical TechnologyPeking University Health Science CenterPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBiomedical Engineering DepartmentPeking UniversityPeking University International Cancer InstitutePeking University‐Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research CenterBeijing100191China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Institute of Medical TechnologyPeking University Health Science CenterPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBiomedical Engineering DepartmentPeking UniversityPeking University International Cancer InstitutePeking University‐Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research CenterBeijing100191China
| | - Weiping Gao
- Institute of Medical TechnologyPeking University Health Science CenterPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBiomedical Engineering DepartmentPeking UniversityPeking University International Cancer InstitutePeking University‐Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research CenterBeijing100191China
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4
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Staii C. Conformational Changes in Surface-Immobilized Proteins Measured Using Combined Atomic Force and Fluorescence Microscopy. Molecules 2023; 28:4632. [PMID: 37375186 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological organisms rely on proteins to perform the majority of their functions. Most protein functions are based on their physical motions (conformational changes), which can be described as transitions between different conformational states in a multidimensional free-energy landscape. A comprehensive understanding of this free-energy landscape is therefore of paramount importance for understanding the biological functions of proteins. Protein dynamics includes both equilibrium and nonequilibrium motions, which typically exhibit a wide range of characteristic length and time scales. The relative probabilities of various conformational states in the energy landscape, the energy barriers between them, their dependence on external parameters such as force and temperature, and their connection to the protein function remain largely unknown for most proteins. In this paper, we present a multimolecule approach in which the proteins are immobilized at well-defined locations on Au substrates using an atomic force microscope (AFM)-based patterning method called nanografting. This method enables precise control over the protein location and orientation on the substrate, as well as the creation of biologically active protein ensembles that self-assemble into well-defined nanoscale regions (protein patches) on the gold substrate. We performed AFM-force compression and fluorescence experiments on these protein patches and measured the fundamental dynamical parameters such as protein stiffness, elastic modulus, and transition energies between distinct conformational states. Our results provide new insights into the processes that govern protein dynamics and its connection to protein function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Staii
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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5
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Loughran ST, Walls D. Tagging Recombinant Proteins to Enhance Solubility and Aid Purification. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2699:97-123. [PMID: 37646996 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3362-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Protein fusion technology has had a major impact on the efficient production and purification of individual recombinant proteins. The use of genetically engineered affinity and solubility-enhancing polypeptide "tags" has a long history, and there is a considerable repertoire of these that can be used to address issues related to the expression, stability, solubility, folding, and purification of their fusion partner. In the case of large-scale proteomic studies, the development of purification procedures tailored to individual proteins is not practicable, and affinity tags have become indispensable tools for structural and functional proteomic initiatives that involve the expression of many proteins in parallel. In this chapter, the rationale and applications of a range of established and more recently developed solubility-enhancing and affinity tags is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinéad T Loughran
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, School of Health and Science, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Louth, Ireland.
| | - Dermot Walls
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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6
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Thermoresponsive Polymer Assemblies: From Molecular Design to Theranostics Application. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Dos Santos CM, de Barros Sampaio S, Santana F, Leite RC, Lacchini S, Affonso R. A new approach for purification of the catalytic site of the angiotensin-conversion enzyme, N-domain, mediated by the ELP-Intein system. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2022; 116:107174. [PMID: 35779849 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2022.107174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme I (ACE) is a key part of the renin-angiotensin system. Its main function is to regulate blood pressure and the balance of salts in the body. Somatic ACE has two domains, N-C-, each of which has a catalytic site that exhibits 60%sequence identity. The N-domain has a specific action in the hydrolysis of beta-amyloid bodies and angiotensin (1-7), which activates the MAS receptor and triggers anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory actions. Our goal was to obtain the catalytic site Ala361 to Gly468 of the N domain region, csACEN, without needing purification by chromatography. We employed a method that uses an Elastin-like Polypeptide (ELP) and Intein sequences linked to the peptide of interest. The more differential for obtaining the pure peptide was the cultivation temperatures in the synthesis of ELPcsACEN at 37 °C, with a significant increase in expression. In the purification by ELP precipitation, we recorded the highest efficiency in the concentrations of 0.57 M and 0.8 M of ammonium sulfate buffer. Intein autocleavage study allows removal of the ELP sequence at acidic pH, with the buffers MES and Tris-HCl The present study defined the best conditions for obtaining pure csACEN that the literature has not yet described for peptides. Obtaining pure csACEN aims at future studies for therapeutic use in hypertension, Alzheimer's, and oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fagner Santana
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Costa Leite
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Lacchini
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regina Affonso
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo, Brazil.
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8
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Juanes-Gusano D, Santos M, Reboto V, Alonso M, Rodríguez-Cabello JC. Self-assembling systems comprising intrinsically disordered protein polymers like elastin-like recombinamers. J Pept Sci 2021; 28:e3362. [PMID: 34545666 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite lacking cooperatively folded structures under native conditions, numerous intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) nevertheless have great functional importance. These IDPs are hybrids containing both ordered and intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDPRs), the structure of which is highly flexible in this unfolded state. The conformational flexibility of these disordered systems favors transitions between disordered and ordered states triggered by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, folding into different dynamic molecular assemblies to enable proper protein functions. Indeed, prokaryotic enzymes present less disorder than eukaryotic enzymes, thus showing that this disorder is related to functional and structural complexity. Protein-based polymers that mimic these IDPs include the so-called elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs), which are inspired by the composition of natural elastin. Elastin-like recombinamers (ELRs) are ELPs produced using recombinant techniques and which can therefore be tailored for a specific application. One of the most widely used and studied characteristic structures in this field is the pentapeptide (VPGXG)n . The structural disorder in ELRs probably arises due to the high content of proline and glycine in the ELR backbone, because both these amino acids help to keep the polypeptide structure of elastomers disordered and hydrated. Moreover, the recombinant nature of these systems means that different sequences can be designed, including bioactive domains, to obtain specific structures for each application. Some of these structures, along with their applications as IDPs that self-assemble into functional vesicles or micelles from diblock copolymer ELRs, will be studied in the following sections. The incorporation of additional order- and disorder-promoting peptide/protein domains, such as α-helical coils or β-strands, in the ELR sequence, and their influence on self-assembly, will also be reviewed. In addition, chemically cross-linked systems with controllable order-disorder balance, and their role in biomineralization, will be discussed. Finally, we will review different multivalent IDPs-based coatings and films for different biomedical applications, such as spatially controlled cell adhesion, osseointegration, or biomaterial-associated infection (BAI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Juanes-Gusano
- BIOFORGE (Group for Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology) CIBER-BBN, Edificio Lucía, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Santos
- BIOFORGE (Group for Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology) CIBER-BBN, Edificio Lucía, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Virginia Reboto
- BIOFORGE (Group for Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology) CIBER-BBN, Edificio Lucía, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Matilde Alonso
- BIOFORGE (Group for Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology) CIBER-BBN, Edificio Lucía, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Carlos Rodríguez-Cabello
- BIOFORGE (Group for Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology) CIBER-BBN, Edificio Lucía, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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9
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Khodakarami A, Dabirmanesh B, Asad S, Khaledi M. Enhanced Solubility and One-Step Purification of Functional Dimeric Carboxypeptidase G2. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 86:190-196. [PMID: 33832417 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921020073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Carboxypeptidase G2 is a bacterial enzyme that catalyzes methotrexate conversion to its inactive forms which are then eliminated via a non-renal pathway in patients with renal disorders during a high-dose methotrexate administration. Due to the increasing demand of this enzyme, it was of interest to simplify its production process. For this reason, we developed a method for production and one-step purification of this enzyme using an intein-mediated system with a chitin-binding affinity tag. The carboxypeptidase G2 gene from Pseudomonas RS16 was optimized, synthesized, cloned into the pTXB1 expression vector and finally transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells. The optimal condition for the enzyme soluble expression was achieved in 2×YT medium containing 1% glucose at 25°C for 30 h with 0.5 mM IPTG. The enzyme without intein was expressed as inclusion bodies indicating the importance of intein for the protein solubility. The expressed homodimer protein was purified to homogeneity on a chitin affinity column. The Km and kcat values of 6.5 µM and 4.57 s-1, respectively, were obtained for the purified enzyme. Gel filtration analysis indicated that the resulting recombinant protein was a dimer of 83 kDa. Fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy confirmed the enzyme tertiary and secondary structures, respectively. The use of intein-mediated system provided the possibility of the one-step carboxypeptidase G2 purification, paving the way to the application of this enzyme in pharmaceutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Khodakarami
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 14115, Iran
| | - Bahareh Dabirmanesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 14115, Iran.
| | - Sedigheh Asad
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14155, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khaledi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 14115, Iran
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10
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Rai K, Chu X, Zhou D, Li F, Yang J, Lin J, Shen S, Song H, Sun Y, Nian R. Development of a protein-solubilizing expression method based on the synergistic action of intein ΔI-CM and the solubility enhancer elastin-like polypeptide. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Abstract
Elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) are stimulus-responsive biopolymers derived from human elastin. Their unique properties—including lower critical solution temperature phase behavior and minimal immunogenicity—make them attractive materials for a variety of biomedical applications. ELPs also benefit from recombinant synthesis and genetically encoded design; these enable control over the molecular weight and precise incorporation of peptides and pharmacological agents into the sequence. Because their size and sequence are defined, ELPs benefit from exquisite control over their structure and function, qualities that cannot be matched by synthetic polymers. As such, ELPs have been engineered to assemble into unique architectures and display bioactive agents for a variety of applications. This review discusses the design and representative biomedical applications of ELPs, focusing primarily on their use in tissue engineering and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia K. Varanko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Jonathan C. Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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12
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Acosta S, Quintanilla L, Alonso M, Aparicio C, Rodríguez-Cabello JC. Recombinant AMP/Polypeptide Self-Assembled Monolayers with Synergistic Antimicrobial Properties for Bacterial Strains of Medical Relevance. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4708-4716. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Acosta
- Bioforge lab, CIBER-BBN, Edificio LUCIA, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 19, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - Luis Quintanilla
- Bioforge lab, CIBER-BBN, Edificio LUCIA, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 19, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - Matilde Alonso
- Bioforge lab, CIBER-BBN, Edificio LUCIA, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 19, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-250A Moos Tower, 515 Delaware Street Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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13
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A novel protein purification strategy mediated by the combination of CipA and Ssp DnaB intein. J Biotechnol 2019; 301:97-104. [PMID: 31181238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein purification is an indispensable step in diverse fields of biological research or production process. Conventional purification methods including the affinity purification or the usage of self-aggregating tags suffered from many drawbacks such as the complicated steps, high cost and low efficiency. Moreover, the fusion tag usually had negative effects on the activity of the target protein. To address the above issues, here we propose a novel protein purification method which needs simple operation steps, and this method is mediated by the combination of CipA protein and a mini-intein (Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 DnaB, Ssp DnaB), depending on the assembly function of CipA and the self-cleavage function of Ssp DnaB. To realize the purification, CipA-DnaB-eGFP protein was expressed and assembled into protein crystalline inclusions (PCIs) in E. coli. Then, only cell lysis, cleavage and centrifugation steps were required to purify eGFP. Purified eGFP was in the supernatant with a purity of over 90%. The cleavage efficiency and the yield of eGFP reached 51.96% and 13.99 ± 0.88 mg/L fermentation broth, respectively. Furthermore, to broaden the application of this approach, three other proteins which were maltose binding protein (MBP), ketoisovalerate decarboxylase (Kivd) and alcohol dehydrogenase (AdhP) were purified with high cleavage efficiency. The purified Kivd and AdhP remained high specific activities. This work demonstrated an effective and convenient protein purification method.
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14
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Sarmiento C, Camarero JA. Biotechnological Applications of Protein Splicing. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:408-424. [PMID: 30734675 PMCID: PMC7135711 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190208110416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein splicing domains, also called inteins, have become a powerful biotechnological tool for applications involving molecular biology and protein engineering. Early applications of inteins focused on self-cleaving affinity tags, generation of recombinant polypeptide α-thioesters for the production of semisynthetic proteins and backbone cyclized polypeptides. The discovery of naturallyoccurring split-inteins has allowed the development of novel approaches for the selective modification of proteins both in vitro and in vivo. This review gives a general introduction to protein splicing with a focus on their role in expanding the applications of intein-based technologies in protein engineering and chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Sarmiento
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA9033 USA
| | - Julio A. Camarero
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA9033 USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA9033 USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-9121, USA
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15
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Gao H, Qi X, Hart DJ, Gao S, Wang H, Xu S, Zhang Y, Liu X, Liu Y, An Y. Three Novel Escherichia coli Vectors for Convenient and Efficient Molecular Biological Manipulations. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:6123-6131. [PMID: 29798665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We have constructed novel plasmids pANY2, pANY3, and pANY6 for flexible cloning with low false positives, efficient expression, and convenient purification of proteins. The pANY2 plasmid can be used for efficient isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactoside (IPTG) induced protein expression, while the pANY3 plasmid can be used for temperature-induced expression. The pANY6 plasmid contains a self-cleaving elastin-like protein (ELP) tag for purification of recombinant protein by simple ELP-mediated precipitation steps and removal of the ELP tag by self-cleavage. A urea-based denaturation and refolding processes for renaturation of insoluble inclusion bodies can be conveniently integrated into the ELP-mediated precipitation protocol, removing time-consuming dialysis steps. These novel vectors, together with the described strategies of gene cloning, protein expression, and purification, may have wide applications in biosciences, agricultural, food technologies, and so forth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herui Gao
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110161 , China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , China
| | - Darren J Hart
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CEA, CNRS , University Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble 38044 , France
| | - Song Gao
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110161 , China
| | - Hongling Wang
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110161 , China
| | - Shumin Xu
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110161 , China
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110161 , China
| | - Xia Liu
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110161 , China
| | - Yifei Liu
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110161 , China
| | - Yingfeng An
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110161 , China
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Chen J, Hu J, Zuo P, Su X, Liu Z, Yang M. Tailor-made spider-eggcase-silk spheres for efficient lysosomal drug delivery. RSC Adv 2018; 8:9394-9401. [PMID: 35541844 PMCID: PMC9078666 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00232k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Spider silks are attractive biopolymers due to their excellent mechanical properties and biomimetic potential. To optimize the electrostatic interaction for lysosomal drug delivery, a spider-eggcase-silk protein was genetically engineered using 5× His Tag with a tailor-made isoelectric point of 4.8. By a facile HFIP-on-oil method, silk spheres were assembled as rapidly as 10 s. After the post-treatment of ethanol, silk spheres were determined with an improved compressive modulus by AFM indentation. Under incubation of silk spheres in a Doxorubicin solution, a maximum of 35% loading and average of 30% loading efficiency were determined. In the cytotoxicity experiment, silk spheres exhibited intrinsic biocompatibility and showed good control of the loaded drug in the neutral PBS solution. Significantly, by 96 h, the accumulative drug release at pH 4.5 was approximately 4.5-fold higher than that at pH 7.4. By conducting the platelet adhesion and hemolysis assay, Doxorubicin-loaded silk spheres exhibited good hemocompatibility. To further demonstrate this release behavior, within 24 h, Doxorubicin-loaded silk spheres were efficiently delivered to lysosomes and then released the payload to the nuclei of Hela cells. Recombinant spider-eggcase-silk spheres are facilely prepared as drug carriers with a tailor-made isoelectric point specifically for lysosomal delivery.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Chen
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
- Kowloon
- Hong Kong
| | - Jinlian Hu
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
- Kowloon
- Hong Kong
| | - Peijun Zuo
- Nano and Advanced Materials Institute
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Kowloon
- Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoqian Su
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Zhigao Liu
- Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Mo Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
- Kowloon
- Hong Kong
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17
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Shi C, Han TC, Wood DW. Purification of Microbially Expressed Recombinant Proteins via a Dual ELP Split Intein System. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1495:13-25. [PMID: 27714607 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6451-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fusions of elastin-like peptide (ELP) purification tags and self-cleaving inteins provide a powerful platform for purifying tagless recombinant proteins without the need for conventional packed-bed columns. A drawback to this method has been premature cleaving of the ELP tag during expression, before the purification procedure can take place. Here we demonstrate a split-intein method, where the self-cleaving intein is divided into two inactive segments during expression and purification. Spontaneous assembly of the purified intein segments then restores self-cleaving activity to deliver the tagless target protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhua Shi
- Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Tzu-Chiang Han
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - David W Wood
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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18
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Abstract
Protein fusion technology has had a major impact on the efficient production and purification of individual recombinant proteins. The use of genetically engineered affinity and solubility-enhancing polypeptide "tags" has increased greatly in recent years and there now exists a considerable repertoire of these that can be used to solve issues related to the expression, stability, solubility, folding, and purification of their fusion partner. In the case of large-scale proteomic studies, the development of purification procedures tailored to individual proteins is not practicable, and affinity tags have therefore become indispensable tools for structural and functional proteomic initiatives that involve the expression of many proteins in parallel. Here, the rationale and applications of a range of established and more recently developed solubility-enhancing and affinity tags is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinéad T Loughran
- Department of Applied Sciences, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland
| | - Dermot Walls
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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19
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Broekgaarden M, van Vught R, Oliveira S, Roovers RC, van Bergen en Henegouwen PMP, Pieters RJ, Van Gulik TM, Breukink E, Heger M. Site-specific conjugation of single domain antibodies to liposomes enhances photosensitizer uptake and photodynamic therapy efficacy. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:6490-6494. [PMID: 26954515 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr00014b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy for therapy-resistant cancers will greatly benefit from targeted delivery of tumor photosensitizing agents. In this study, a strategy for the site-specific conjugation of single domain antibodies onto liposomes containing the photosensitizer zinc phthalocyanine was developed and tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Broekgaarden
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - R van Vught
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S Oliveira
- Division of Cell Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R C Roovers
- Division of Cell Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - R J Pieters
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, P. O. Box 80082, NL-3508 TB, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - T M Van Gulik
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - E Breukink
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Heger
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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20
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Yigit S, Dinjaski N, Kaplan DL. Fibrous proteins: At the crossroads of genetic engineering and biotechnological applications. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 113:913-29. [PMID: 26332660 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fibrous proteins, such as silk, elastin and collagen are finding broad impact in biomaterial systems for a range of biomedical and industrial applications. Some of the key advantages of biosynthetic fibrous proteins compared to synthetic polymers include the tailorability of sequence, protein size, degradation pattern, and mechanical properties. Recombinant DNA production and precise control over genetic sequence of these proteins allows expansion and fine tuning of material properties to meet the needs for specific applications. We review current approaches in the design, cloning, and expression of fibrous proteins, with a focus on strategies utilized to meet the challenges of repetitive fibrous protein production. We discuss recent advances in understanding the fundamental basis of structure-function relationships and the designs that foster fibrous protein self-assembly towards predictable architectures and properties for a range of applications. We highlight the potential of functionalization through genetic engineering to design fibrous protein systems for biotechnological and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezin Yigit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155.,Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Somerville, Massachusetts, 02145
| | - Nina Dinjaski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155.
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21
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Pearson CS, Belfort G, Belfort M, Shekhtman A. Backbone assignments of mini-RecA intein with short native exteins and an active N-terminal catalytic cysteine. BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2015; 9:235-238. [PMID: 25281002 PMCID: PMC4385508 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-014-9581-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The backbone resonance assignments of an engineered splicing-inactive mini-RecA intein based on triple resonance experiments with [(13)C,(15)N]-labeled protein are reported. The construct contains inactivating mutations specifically designed to retain most catalytic residues, especially those that are potentially metal-coordinating. The assignments are essential for protein structure determination of a precursor with an active N-terminal catalytic cysteine and for investigation of the atomic details of splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Seth Pearson
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and The Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Georges Belfort
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and The Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Marlene Belfort
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
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22
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Postsynthetic Domain Assembly with NpuDnaE and SspDnaB Split Inteins. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 177:1137-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1802-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Miraula M, Enculescu C, Schenk G, Mitić N. Inteins—A Focus on the Biotechnological Applications of Splicing-Promoting Proteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/ajmb.2015.52005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Mahalik S, Sharma AK, Mukherjee KJ. Genome engineering for improved recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli. Microb Cell Fact 2014; 13:177. [PMID: 25523647 PMCID: PMC4300154 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-014-0177-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A metabolic engineering perspective which views recombinant protein
expression as a multistep pathway allows us to move beyond vector design and
identify the downstream rate limiting steps in expression. In E.coli these are typically at the translational level
and the supply of precursors in the form of energy, amino acids and nucleotides.
Further recombinant protein production triggers a global cellular stress response
which feedback inhibits both growth and product formation. Countering this requires
a system level analysis followed by a rational host cell engineering to sustain
expression for longer time periods. Another strategy to increase protein yields
could be to divert the metabolic flux away from biomass formation and towards
recombinant protein production. This would require a growth stoppage mechanism which
does not affect the metabolic activity of the cell or the transcriptional or
translational efficiencies. Finally cells have to be designed for efficient export
to prevent buildup of proteins inside the cytoplasm and also simplify downstream
processing. The rational and the high throughput strategies that can be used for the
construction of such improved host cell platforms for recombinant protein expression
is the focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhashree Mahalik
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Ashish K Sharma
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Krishna J Mukherjee
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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25
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Pina AS, Lowe CR, Roque ACA. Challenges and opportunities in the purification of recombinant tagged proteins. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:366-81. [PMID: 24334194 PMCID: PMC7125906 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The purification of recombinant proteins by affinity chromatography is one of the most efficient strategies due to the high recovery yields and purity achieved. However, this is dependent on the availability of specific affinity adsorbents for each particular target protein. The diversity of proteins to be purified augments the complexity and number of specific affinity adsorbents needed, and therefore generic platforms for the purification of recombinant proteins are appealing strategies. This justifies why genetically encoded affinity tags became so popular for recombinant protein purification, as these systems only require specific ligands for the capture of the fusion protein through a pre-defined affinity tag tail. There is a wide range of available affinity pairs "tag-ligand" combining biological or structural affinity ligands with the respective binding tags. This review gives a general overview of the well-established "tag-ligand" systems available for fusion protein purification and also explores current unconventional strategies under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Pina
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; IBET-Instituto de Biologia Experimental Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Christopher R Lowe
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, CB2 1QT Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Cecília A Roque
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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26
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Zhang J, Ma L, Zhang SQ. Expression and purification of soluble human APRIL in Escherichia coli using ELP-SUMO tag. Protein Expr Purif 2014; 95:177-81. [PMID: 24412409 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
APRIL is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family of ligands that mediate tumor cells proliferation as well as survival, depending on the cellular context. In this report, we present a novel method to obtain soluble human APRIL in Escherichia coli using the elastin-like polypeptide and SUMO (ELP-SUMO) tags. The fusion protein with ELP-SUMO tag was expressed in a soluble form at 15°C. After purification based on inverse transition cycling (ITC) method, the purified ELP-SUMO-hAPRIL fusion protein was subsequently cleaved by SUMO protease to release mature hAPRIL. Following affinity chromatography, the target protein was re-purified with high purity. Finally, about 4.8mg recombinant hAPRIL was obtained from 1l bacterial culture with no less than 85% purity. The molecular mass (Mr) of the recombinant hAPRIL was confirmed by MALDI-TOF MS as Mr 16,314. The purified hAPRIL exhibits biological activity on Jurkat cells. It is the first report on soluble production of hAPRIL in E. coli using ELP-SUMO tag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lei Ma
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shuang Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, PR China.
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27
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Coolbaugh MJ, Wood DW. Purification of E. coli proteins using a self-cleaving chitin-binding affinity tag. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1177:47-58. [PMID: 24943313 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1034-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of affinity tags to purify recombinant proteins is ubiquitous in molecular biology. However, tag removal after purification still remains a challenge. The most commonly used method, proteolytic digestion, has several drawbacks that make the process complex and costly. One alternative to the use of proteolytic digestion is the use of self-cleaving purification tags. Here, we describe a system that combines a chitin-binding domain (CBD) tag with the ∆I-CM intein to yield a self-cleaving purification tag. A protein gene of interest is genetically fused downstream of the tag, generating a fusion protein that can be rapidly and easily purified using a chitin resin. Intein self-cleavage is then induced by a simple pH and temperature shift, liberating the free target protein. This system can be used to readily purify any recombinant protein that can be expressed in E. coli, and has the potential to be applied to a wide variety of additional tags and expression hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Coolbaugh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 140 West 19th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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28
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Non-chromatographic Method for the Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Using Elastin-Like Polypeptide Fusion Protein. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2013; 3:79-84. [PMID: 24159495 PMCID: PMC3747649 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrp.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 01/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a member of the hepadnavirus family. The HBV genome contains four genes designated as S, C, P, and X. The HBV X (HBx) gene encodes for a 16.5-kDa regulatory protein that enhances HBV replication and exerts multifunctional activities. The aim of this study is to describe the rapid and easy purification of HBx using ELP (elastin-like polypeptide) fusion protein. METHODS The ELP-HBx fusion protein was overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Environmental sensitivity was demonstrated via turbidity and dynamic light scattering as a function of temperature. HBx was purified as an ELP fusion protein. ELPs are biopolymers of the pentapeptide repeat Val-Pro-Gly-Xaa-Gly that undergo an inverse temperature phase transition. ELP follows in temperature and salt consistency, precipitation, and solution repetition (inverse transition cycling) with polypeptide, where it purifies the protein in a simple manner. RESULTS Fusion proteins underwent supramolecular aggregation at 40 ℃ in 1 M NaCl and slowly resolubilized at subphysiologic temperatures. ELP domain proteolysis liberated a peptide of comparable size and immunoreactivity to the commercial HBx. CONCLUSION This study suggests that HBx can be purified rapidly and easily using inverse transition cycling, and that this method can be applied in determination of HBx 3D structures and HBx stability study.
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29
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Bell MR, Engleka MJ, Malik A, Strickler JE. To fuse or not to fuse: what is your purpose? Protein Sci 2013; 22:1466-77. [PMID: 24038604 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Since the dawn of time, or at least the dawn of recombinant DNA technology (which for many of today's scientists is the same thing), investigators have been cloning and expressing heterologous proteins in a variety of different cells for a variety of different reasons. These range from cell biological studies looking at protein-protein interactions, post-translational modifications, and regulation, to laboratory-scale production in support of biochemical, biophysical, and structural studies, to large scale production of potential biotherapeutics. In parallel, fusion-tag technology has grown-up to facilitate microscale purification (pull-downs), protein visualization (epitope tags), enhanced expression and solubility (protein partners, e.g., GST, MBP, TRX, and SUMO), and generic purification (e.g., His-tags, streptag, and FLAG™-tag). Frequently, these latter two goals are combined in a single fusion partner. In this review, we examine the most commonly used fusion methodologies from the perspective of the ultimate use of the tagged protein. That is, what are the most commonly used fusion partners for pull-downs, for structural studies, for production of active proteins, or for large-scale purification? What are the advantages and limitations of each? This review is not meant to be exhaustive and the approach undoubtedly reflects the experiences and interests of the authors. For the sake of brevity, we have largely ignored epitope tags although they receive wide use in cell biology for immunopreciptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Bell
- LifeSensors, Inc., Malvern, Pennsylvania, 19083
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30
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Mu T, Liang W, Ju Y, Wang Z, Wang Z, Roycik MD, Sang QXA, Yu D, Xiang H, Fang X. Efficient soluble expression of secreted matrix metalloproteinase 26 in Brevibacillus choshinensis. Protein Expr Purif 2013; 91:125-33. [PMID: 23921071 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2013.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase 26 (MMP-26) is a novel member of the matrix metalloproteinase family with minimal domain constitution and unknown physiological function. The three-dimensional (3D) structure of the enzyme also remains to be deciphered. Previous studies show that MMP-26 may be expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) as inclusion bodies and re-natured with catalytic activity. However, the low re-naturation rate of this method limits its usage in structural studies. In this paper, we tried to clone, express and purify the pro form and catalytic form of MMP-26 (ProMMP-26 and CatMMP-26) in several widely used expression vectors and express the recombinant MMP-26 proteins in E. coli cells. These constructs resulted in insoluble expressions or soluble expressions of MMP-26 with little catalytic activity. We then used Brevibacillus choshinensis (B. choshinensis) as the host system for the soluble and active expression of MMP-26. The enzyme was secreted in soluble form in the supernatant of cell culture medium and purified via a two-step purification process that included Ni(2+) affinity chromatography followed by gel filtration. The yields of purified ProMMP-26 and CatMMP-26 were 12 and 18mg/L, respectively, with high purity and homogeneity. Both ProMMP-26 and CatMMP-26 showed gelatin zymography activity and the purified CatMMP-26 had high enzymatic activity against DQ-gelatin substrate. The large-scale soluble and active protein production for future structural studies of MMP-26 is thus feasible using the B. choshinensis host system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyang Mu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
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31
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Liu F, Chen W. Engineering a recyclable elastin-like polypeptide capturing scaffold for non-chromatographic protein purification. Biotechnol Prog 2013; 29:968-71. [PMID: 23801586 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we reported a non-chromatographic protein purification method exploiting the highly specific interaction between the dockerin and cohesin domains from Clostridium thermocellum and the reversible aggregation property of elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) to provide fast and cost-effective protein purification. However, the bound dockerin-intein tag cannot be completely dissociated from the ELP-cohesin capturing scaffold due to the high binding affinity, resulting in a single-use approach. In order to further reduce the purification cost by recycling the ELP capturing scaffold, a truncated dockerin domain with the calcium-coordinating function partially impaired was employed. We demonstrated that the truncated dockerin domain was sufficient to function as an effective affinity tag, and the target protein was purified directly from cell extracts in a single binding step followed by intein cleavage. The efficient EDTA-mediated dissociation of the bound dockerin-intein tag from the ELP-cohesin capturing scaffold was realized, and the regenerated ELP capturing scaffold was reused in another purification cycle without any decrease in the purification efficiency. This recyclable non-chromatographic based affinity method provides an attractive approach for efficient and cost-effective protein purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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32
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Elastin-based protein polymer nanoparticles carrying drug at both corona and core suppress tumor growth in vivo. J Control Release 2013; 171:330-8. [PMID: 23714121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Numerous nanocarriers of small molecules depend on either non-specific physical encapsulation or direct covalent linkage. In contrast, this manuscript explores an alternative encapsulation strategy based on high-specificity avidity between a small molecule drug and its cognate protein target fused to the corona of protein polymer nanoparticles. With the new strategy, the drug associates tightly to the carrier and releases slowly, which may decrease toxicity and promote tumor accumulation via the enhanced permeability and retention effect. To test this hypothesis, the drug Rapamycin (Rapa) was selected for its potent anti-proliferative properties, which give it immunosuppressant and anti-tumor activity. Despite its potency, Rapa has low solubility, low oral bioavailability, and rapid systemic clearance, which make it an excellent candidate for nanoparticulate drug delivery. To explore this approach, genetically engineered diblock copolymers were constructed from elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) that assemble small (<100nm) nanoparticles. ELPs are protein polymers of the sequence (Val-Pro-Gly-Xaa-Gly)n, where the identity of Xaa and n determine their assembly properties. Initially, a screening assay for model drug encapsulation in ELP nanoparticles was developed, which showed that Rose Bengal and Rapa have high non-specific encapsulation in the core of ELP nanoparticles with a sequence where Xaa=Ile or Phe. While excellent at entrapping these drugs, their release was relatively fast (2.2h half-life) compared to their intended mean residence time in the human body. Having determined that Rapa can be non-specifically entrapped in the core of ELP nanoparticles, FK506 binding protein 12 (FKBP), which is the cognate protein target of Rapa, was genetically fused to the surface of these nanoparticles (FSI) to enhance their avidity towards Rapa. The fusion of FKBP to these nanoparticles slowed the terminal half-life of drug release to 57.8h. To determine if this class of drug carriers has potential applications in vivo, FSI/Rapa was administered to mice carrying a human breast cancer model (MDA-MB-468). Compared to free drug, FSI encapsulation significantly decreased gross toxicity and enhanced the anti-cancer activity. In conclusion, protein polymer nanoparticles decorated with the cognate receptor of a high potency, low solubility drug (Rapa) efficiently improved drug loading capacity and its release. This approach has applications to the delivery of Rapa and its analogs; furthermore, this strategy has broader applications in the encapsulation, targeting, and release of other potent small molecules.
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Guan D, Ramirez M, Chen Z. Split intein mediated ultra‐rapid purification of tagless protein (SIRP). Biotechnol Bioeng 2013; 110:2471-81. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.24913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Guan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 3122 TAMU, Artie McFerrinTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843
| | - Miguel Ramirez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 3122 TAMU, Artie McFerrinTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843
| | - Zhilei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 3122 TAMU, Artie McFerrinTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843
- Department of Microbial and Molecular PathogenesisTexas A&M Health Science CenterCollege StationTX
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Bellucci JJ, Amiram M, Bhattacharyya J, McCafferty D, Chilkoti A. Three-in-one chromatography-free purification, tag removal, and site-specific modification of recombinant fusion proteins using sortase A and elastin-like polypeptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3703-8. [PMID: 23424160 PMCID: PMC3723126 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Applied in tandem, elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) and the sortase A (SrtA) transpeptidase from Staphylococcus aureus provide a general method for chromatography-free purification of tag-free recombinant proteins and optional, site-specific and homogeneous conjugation of the protein to a small molecule. This system provides an efficient, practical mechanism for generating bioactive proteins and protein-small-molecule combination therapeutics at high yields and purities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J. Bellucci
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 (USA)
| | - Miriam Amiram
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 (USA)
| | - Jayanta Bhattacharyya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 (USA)
| | - Dewey McCafferty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 (USA)
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 (USA),
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Bellucci JJ, Amiram M, Bhattacharyya J, McCafferty D, Chilkoti A. Three-in-One Chromatography-Free Purification, Tag Removal, and Site-Specific Modification of Recombinant Fusion Proteins Using Sortase A and Elastin-like Polypeptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201208292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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36
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Kim YH, Campbell E, Yu J, Minteer SD, Banta S. Complete Oxidation of Methanol in Biobattery Devices Using a Hydrogel Created from Three Modified Dehydrogenases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 52:1437-40. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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37
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Kim YH, Campbell E, Yu J, Minteer SD, Banta S. Complete Oxidation of Methanol in Biobattery Devices Using a Hydrogel Created from Three Modified Dehydrogenases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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38
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Carvajal-Vallejos P, Pallissé R, Mootz HD, Schmidt SR. Unprecedented rates and efficiencies revealed for new natural split inteins from metagenomic sources. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:28686-96. [PMID: 22753413 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.372680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Inteins excise themselves out of precursor proteins by the protein splicing reaction and have emerged as valuable protein engineering tools in numerous and diverse biotechnological applications. Split inteins have recently attracted particular interest because of the opportunities associated with generating a protein from two separate polypeptides and with trans-cleavage applications made possible by split intein mutants. However, natural split inteins are rare and differ greatly in their usefulness with regard to the achievable rates and yields. Here we report the first functional characterization of new split inteins previously identified by bioinformatics from metagenomic sources. The N- and C-terminal fragments of the four inteins gp41-1, gp41-8, NrdJ-1, and IMPDH-1 were prepared as fusion constructs with model proteins. Upon incubation of complementary pairs, we observed trans-splicing reactions with unprecedented rates and yields for all four inteins. Furthermore, no side reactions were detectable, and the precursor constructs were consumed virtually quantitatively. The rate for the gp41-1 intein, the most active intein on all accounts, was k = 1.8 ± 0.5 × 10(-1) s(-1), which is ∼10-fold faster than the rate reported for the Npu DnaE intein and gives rise to completed reactions within 20-30 s. No cross-reactivity in exogenous combinations was observed. Using C1A mutants, all inteins were efficient in the C-terminal cleavage reaction, albeit at lower rates. C-terminal cleavage could be performed under a wide range of reaction conditions and also in the absence of native extein residues flanking the intein. Thus, these inteins hold great potential for splicing and cleavage applications.
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Abstract
Elastomeric polypeptides are very interesting biopolymers and are characterized by rubber-like elasticity, large extensibility before rupture, reversible deformation without loss of energy, and high resilience upon stretching. Their useful properties have motivated their use in a wide variety of materials and biological applications. This chapter focuses on elastin and resilin - two elastomeric biopolymers - and the recombinant polypeptides derived from them (elastin-like polypeptides and resilin-like polypeptides). This chapter also discusses the applications of these recombinant polypeptides in the fields of purification, drug delivery, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark B. van Eldijk
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher L. McGann
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jan C.M. van Hest
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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40
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Wang Z, Li N, Wang Y, Wu Y, Mu T, Zheng Y, Huang L, Fang X. Ubiquitin-intein and SUMO2-intein fusion systems for enhanced protein production and purification. Protein Expr Purif 2011; 82:174-8. [PMID: 22178731 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2011.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although most commonly used for protein production, expression of soluble and functional recombinant protein in Escherichia coli is still a major challenge. The development and application of fusion tags that can facilitate protein expression and solubility partly solve this problem, however, under most circumstance, the fusion tags have to be removed by proteases in order to use the proteins. Because the tag removal using proteases increases cost and introduces extra purification steps, it remains a significant problem that must be resolved before being widely used in industry production. Ubiquitin and SUMO have been successfully used to enhance protein expression and solubility. In the last decades, intein has also been widely used in protein production for its self-cleavage property, which could help to remove the fusion tag without any protease. Here, we take the advantages of ubiquitin, SUMO2 and intein in protein expression. We constructed tandem ubiquitin-intein and SUMO2-intein fusion tags, and chose human MMP13 (amino acid 104-274) and eGFP as the passenger proteins that fused to the C-terminus of the tags. These constructs were expressed in E. coli and both MMP13 and eGFP expression and solubility were evaluated. Both tags showed the ability to enhance the solubility of MMP13 and eGFP and improve the expression of eGFP, and the SUMO2-intein having a more significant effect. Both ubiquitin-intein-eGFP and SUMO2-intein-eGFP were purified using Ni-NTA column chromatography and self-cleavaged by changing pH. The recombinant un-tagged eGFP were released and eluted with high homogeneity. In summary, ubiquitin-intein and SUMO2-intein are convenient and useful fusion tags that can enhance the expression, solubility and improve the purification process of the model heterologous protein and these tags may have a good prospect in protein production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
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41
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Ferrer-Miralles N, Corchero JL, Kumar P, Cedano JA, Gupta KC, Villaverde A, Vazquez E. Biological activities of histidine-rich peptides; merging biotechnology and nanomedicine. Microb Cell Fact 2011; 10:101. [PMID: 22136342 PMCID: PMC3339332 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-10-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Histidine-rich peptides are commonly used in recombinant protein production as purification tags, allowing the one-step affinity separation of the His-tagged proteins from the extracellular media or cell extracts. Genetic engineering makes feasible the post-purification His-tag removal by inserting, between the tag and the main protein body, a target site for trans-acting proteases or a self-proteolytic peptide with regulatable activities. However, for technical ease, His tags are often not removed and the fusion proteins eventually used in this form. In this commentary, we revise the powerful biological properties of histidine-rich peptides as endosomolytic agents and as architectonic tags in nanoparticle formation, for which they are exploited in drug delivery and other nanomedical applications. These activities, generally unknown to biotechnologists, can unwillingly modulate the functionality and biotechnological performance of recombinant proteins in which they remain trivially attached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Ferrer-Miralles
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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42
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Tian L, Sun SSM. A cost-effective ELP-intein coupling system for recombinant protein purification from plant production platform. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24183. [PMID: 21918684 PMCID: PMC3168869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant bioreactor offers an efficient and economical system for large-scale production of recombinant proteins. However, high cost and difficulty in scaling-up of downstream purification of the target protein, particularly the common involvement of affinity chromatography and protease in the purification process, has hampered its industrial scale application, therefore a cost-effective and easily scale-up purification method is highly desirable for further development of plant bioreactor. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS To tackle this problem, we investigated the ELP-intein coupling system for purification of recombinant proteins expressed in transgenic plants using a plant lectin (PAL) with anti-tumor bioactivity as example target protein and rice seeds as production platform. Results showed that ELP-intein-PAL (EiP) fusion protein formed novel irregular ER-derived protein bodies in endosperm cells by retention of endogenous prolamins. The fusion protein was partially self-cleaved in vivo, but only self-cleaved PAL protein was detected in total seed protein sample and deposited in protein storage vacuoles (PSV). The in vivo uncleaved EiP protein was accumulated up to 2-4.2% of the total seed protein. The target PAL protein could be purified by the ELP-intein system efficiently without using complicated instruments and expensive chemicals, and the yield of pure PAL protein by the current method was up to 1.1 mg/g total seed protein. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE This study successfully demonstrated the purification of an example recombinant protein from rice seeds by the ELP-intein system. The whole purification procedure can be easily scaled up for industrial production, providing the first evidence on applying the ELP-intein coupling system to achieve cost-effective purification of recombinant proteins expressed in plant bioreactors and its possible application in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Life Science Division, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Samuel S. M. Sun
- Life Science Division, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
- * E-mail:
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43
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Chen Y, Youn P, Furgeson DY. Thermo-targeted drug delivery of geldanamycin to hyperthermic tumor margins with diblock elastin-based biopolymers. J Control Release 2011; 155:175-83. [PMID: 21846483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The tumor margins are the barrier to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) eradication for tumors>3 cm. Indeed, inadequately treated tumor margins commonly result in local and regional HCC recurrence with increased size and mass. Tumor recurrence is a common problem with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, thermal ablation, and/or surgical resection, by the inability to properly treat the tumor core and the tumor margins. Here we present novel thermosensitive biopolymer-drug conjugates for thermo-targeted chemotherapy at hyperthermic isotherms produced by focal, locoregional thermal ablation. The chemotherapeutic target is heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), a key molecular chaperone of several, and potent pro-oncogenic pathways including Akt, Raf-1, and mutated p53 that is upregulated in HCC. To inhibit HSP90, we have chosen geldanamycin (GA), a potent HSP90 inhibitor. GA has gained significant attention for its low IC50 ~ 1 nM and inhibition of Akt and Raf-1, amongst other critical pro-oncogenic pathways. Despite such evidence, clinical trials of GA have not shown promise due to off-target toxicity and poor formulation design. Here, we propose using diblock elastin-based biopolymers as a Ringsdorf macromolecular GA solubilizer--a new generation containing functional poly(Asp)/(Glu) blocks for facile drug conjugation and an ELP block for thermo-targeting of hyperthermic ablative margins. GA release is controlled by pH-sensitive, covalent hydrazone bonds with the biopolymer backbone to avoid systemic toxicity and off-target effects. The resultant biopolymer-conjugates form stable nanoconstructs and display tunable, acute phase transitions at high temperatures. Drug release kinetics are favorable with or without the presence of serum. Thermo-targeted chemotherapy and synchronous thermal ablation provide a unique opportunity for simultaneous destruction of the HCC ablative margins and tumor core for focal, locoregional control of HCC.
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MESH Headings
- Ablation Techniques
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/chemistry
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use
- Benzoquinones/administration & dosage
- Benzoquinones/chemistry
- Benzoquinones/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/surgery
- Drug Carriers/chemistry
- Drug Stability
- Elastin/chemistry
- Elastin/genetics
- HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics
- Hot Temperature
- Humans
- Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
- Kinetics
- Lactams, Macrocyclic/administration & dosage
- Lactams, Macrocyclic/chemistry
- Lactams, Macrocyclic/therapeutic use
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/surgery
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Molecular Structure
- Oligonucleotides/chemistry
- Oligonucleotides/genetics
- Particle Size
- Phase Transition
- Solubility
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
- Streptomyces/genetics
- Surface Properties
- Transition Temperature
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44
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Sun G, Hsueh PY, Janib SM, Hamm-Alvarez S, MacKay JA. Design and cellular internalization of genetically engineered polypeptide nanoparticles displaying adenovirus knob domain. J Control Release 2011; 155:218-26. [PMID: 21699930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Revised: 05/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocytes and acinar cells exhibit high-efficiency, fiber-dependent internalization of adenovirus; however, viral capsids have unpredictable immunological effects and are challenging to develop into targeted drug carriers. To exploit this internalization pathway and minimize the use of viral proteins, we developed a simple gene product that self assembles nanoparticles decorated with the knob domain of adenovirus serotype 5 fiber protein. The most significant advantages of this platform include: (i) compatibility with genetic engineering; (ii) no bioconjugate chemistry is required to link fusion proteins to the nanoparticle surface; and (iii) it can direct the reversible assembly of large nanoparticles, which are monodisperse, multivalent, and biodegradable. These particles are predominantly composed from diblock copolymers of elastin-like polypeptide (ELP). ELPs have unique phase transition behavior, whereby they self-assemble above a transition temperature that is simple to control. The diblock ELP described contains two motifs with distinct transition temperatures, which assemble nanoparticles at physiological temperatures. Analysis by non-denaturing-PAGE demonstrated that the purified knob-ELP formed trimers or dimers, which is a property of the native knob/fiber protein. Dynamic light scattering indicated that the diblock copolymer, with or without knob, is able to self assemble into nanoparticles ~40 nm in diameter. To examine the functionality of knob-ELP, their uptake was assessed in a hepatocyte cell-line that expresses the receptor for adenovirus serotype 5 fiber and knob, the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR). Both plain ELP and knob-ELP were bound to the outside of hepatocytes; however, the knob-ELP fusion protein exhibits more internalization and localization to lysosomes of hepatocytes. These findings suggest that functional fusion proteins may only minimally influence the assembly temperature and diameter of ELP nanoparticles. These results are a proof-of-principal that large fusion proteins (>10 kDa) can be assembled by diblock ELPs without the need for bioconjugate chemistry, which greatly simplifies the design and evaluation of targeted drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
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45
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Intein-mediated one-step purification of Escherichia coli secreted human antibody fragments. Protein Expr Purif 2011; 76:221-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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46
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Self-cleaving fusion tags for recombinant protein production. Biotechnol Lett 2011; 33:869-81. [PMID: 21267760 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-011-0533-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fusion expression is a common practice for recombinant protein production. Some fusion tags confer solubility on the target protein whereas others provide affinity handles that facilitate purification. However, the tag usually needs to be removed from the final product, which involves using expensive proteases or hazardous chemicals and requires additional chromatography steps. Self-cleaving tags are a special group of fusion tags that possess inducible proteolytic activity. Combined with appropriate affinity tags, they enable fusion purification, cleavage and target separation to be achieved in a single step, which saves time, labor and cost. This paper reviews currently available self-cleaving fusion tags for recombinant protein production. For each system, an introduction of its key characteristics and a brief discussion of its advantages and disadvantages is given.
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47
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Walls D, Loughran ST. Tagging recombinant proteins to enhance solubility and aid purification. Methods Mol Biol 2011; 681:151-175. [PMID: 20978965 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-913-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Protein fusion technology has enormously facilitated the efficient production and purification of individual recombinant proteins. The use of genetically engineered affinity and solubility-enhancing polypeptide "tags" has increased greatly in recent years and there now exists a considerable repertoire of these that can be used to solve issues related to the expression, stability, solubility, folding, and purification of their fusion partner. In the case of large-scale proteomic studies, the development of purification procedures tailored to individual proteins is not practicable, and affinity tags have therefore become indispensable tools for structural and functional proteomic initiatives that involve the expression of many proteins in parallel. Here, the rationale and applications of a range of established and more recently developed solubility-enhancing and affinity tags are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dermot Walls
- School of Biotechnology and National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
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48
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Kolbe A, del Mercato LL, Abbasi AZ, Rivera Gil P, Gorzini SJ, Huibers WHC, Poolman B, Parak WJ, Herrmann A. De Novo Design of Supercharged, Unfolded Protein Polymers, and Their Assembly into Supramolecular Aggregates. Macromol Rapid Commun 2010; 32:186-90. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201000491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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49
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50
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Expression and purification of moricin CM4 and human β-defensins 4 in Escherichia coli using a new technology. Microbiol Res 2010; 165:713-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2010.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Revised: 12/22/2009] [Accepted: 01/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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