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Qu S, Yi C, Zhao Q, Ni Y, Ouyang S, Qi H, Cheng GJ, Zhang Y. Single-Cell Synchro-Subtractive-Additive Nanoscale Surgery with Femtosecond Lasers. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:8801-8808. [PMID: 38989671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Herein, an in situ "synchro-subtractive-additive" technique of femtosecond laser single-cell surgery (FLSS) is presented to address the inadequacies of existing surgical methods for single-cell manipulation. This process is enabled by synchronized nanoscale three-dimensional (3D) subtractive and additive manufacturing with ultrahigh precision on various parts of the cells, in that the precise removal and modification of a single-cell structure are realized by nonthermal ablation, with synchronously ultrafast solidification of the specially designed hydrogel by two photopolymerizations. FLSS is a minimally invasive technique with a post-operative survival rate of 70% and stable proliferation. It opens avenues for bottom-up synthetic biology, offering new methods for artificially synthesizing organelle-like 3D structures and modifying the physiological activities of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyuan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chenqi Yi
- Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yueqi Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Simin Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Haoning Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Gary J Cheng
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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2
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Liu Z, Fu C. Application of single and cooperative different delivery systems for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1058251. [PMID: 36452213 PMCID: PMC9702580 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1058251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) is the most universal pathogenesis of low back pain (LBP), a prevalent and costly medical problem across the world. Persistent low back pain can seriously affect a patient's quality of life and even lead to disability. Furthermore, the corresponding medical expenses create a serious economic burden to both individuals and society. Intervertebral disc degeneration is commonly thought to be related to age, injury, obesity, genetic susceptibility, and other risk factors. Nonetheless, its specific pathological process has not been completely elucidated; the current mainstream view considers that this condition arises from the interaction of multiple mechanisms. With the development of medical concepts and technology, clinicians and scientists tend to intervene in the early or middle stages of intervertebral disc degeneration to avoid further aggravation. However, with the aid of modern delivery systems, it is now possible to intervene in the process of intervertebral disc at the cellular and molecular levels. This review aims to provide an overview of the main mechanisms associated with intervertebral disc degeneration and the delivery systems that can help us to improve the efficacy of intervertebral disc degeneration treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongtai Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Changfeng Fu
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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3
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Garner AL, Neculaes B, Dylov DV. Infrared Laser-Based Single Cell Permeabilization by Plasma Membrane Temperature Gradients. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12060574. [PMID: 35736281 PMCID: PMC9227360 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12060574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Single cell microinjection provides precise tuning of the volume and timing of delivery into the treated cells; however, it also introduces workflow complexity that requires highly skilled operators and specialized equipment. Laser-based microinjection provides an alternative method for targeting a single cell using a common laser and a workflow that may be readily standardized. This paper presents experiments using a 1550 nm, 100 fs pulse duration laser with a repetition rate of 20 ns for laser-based microinjection and calculations of the hypothesized physical mechanism responsible for the experimentally observed permeabilization. Chinese Hamster Ovarian (CHO) cells exposed to this laser underwent propidium iodide uptake, demonstrating the potential for selective cell permeabilization. The agreement between the experimental conditions and the electropermeabilization threshold based on estimated changes in the transmembrane potential induced by a laser-induced plasma membrane temperature gradient, even without accounting for enhancement due to traditional electroporation, strengthens the hypothesis of this mechanism for the experimental observations. Compared to standard 800 nm lasers, 1550 nm fs lasers may ultimately provide a lower cost microinjection method that readily interfaces with a microscope and is agnostic to operator skill, while inducing fewer deleterious effects (e.g., temperature rise, shockwaves, and cavitation bubbles).
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen L. Garner
- School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Correspondence: (A.L.G.); (B.N.)
| | - Bogdan Neculaes
- GE Research, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA;
- Correspondence: (A.L.G.); (B.N.)
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Fus-Kujawa A, Prus P, Bajdak-Rusinek K, Teper P, Gawron K, Kowalczuk A, Sieron AL. An Overview of Methods and Tools for Transfection of Eukaryotic Cells in vitro. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:701031. [PMID: 34354988 PMCID: PMC8330802 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.701031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfection is a powerful analytical tool enabling studies of gene products and functions in eukaryotic cells. Successful delivery of genetic material into cells depends on DNA quantity and quality, incubation time and ratio of transfection reagent to DNA, the origin, type and the passage of transfected cells, and the presence or absence of serum in the cell culture. So far a number of transfection methods that use viruses, non-viral particles or physical factors as the nucleic acids carriers have been developed. Among non-viral carriers, the cationic polymers are proposed as the most attractive ones due to the possibility of their chemical structure modification, low toxicity and immunogenicity. In this review the delivery systems as well as physical, biological and chemical methods used for eukaryotic cells transfection are described and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Fus-Kujawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Pawel Prus
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
- Students’ Scientific Society, Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Bajdak-Rusinek
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Paulina Teper
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gawron
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kowalczuk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Aleksander L. Sieron
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Oh N, Park S, Kim JW, Park JH. Photothermal Transfection for Effective Nonviral Genome Editing. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:5678-5685. [PMID: 35006736 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The efficient nonviral delivery of nucleic acids into the cytoplasm is needed to fully realize the potential of gene therapy. Although cationic lipids and nanoparticles have been widely used to improve the intracellular delivery of nucleic acids, they suffer from cytotoxicity and poor endosomal escape, thus limiting the transfection efficacy. Here, we developed a photothermal transfection platform for efficient and biosafe intracellular delivery of nucleic acids. Photothermal transfection was carried out by irradiation of cells co-treated with Lipofectamine-plasmid DNA complexes and PEGylated gold nanorods (GNRs) using an NIR laser for 30 min and subsequent incubation of the cells for 30 min without laser irradiation. Compared to conventional Lipofectamine-based transfection, our photothermal transfection platform significantly improved the transfection efficiency in difficult-to-transfect human primary cells including human dermal fibroblasts while maintaining the cell viability. The photothermal heating did not leave the GNRs inside the cell, thereby minimizing the cellular damage. Furthermore, the photothermal transfection platform showed superior genome editing abilities (both gene cleavage and insertion) in human dermal fibroblasts than conventional Lipofectamine-based transfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Oh
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeon Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ho Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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6
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Hörner M, Jerez-Longres C, Hudek A, Hook S, Yousefi OS, Schamel WWA, Hörner C, Zurbriggen MD, Ye H, Wagner HJ, Weber W. Spatiotemporally confined red light-controlled gene delivery at single-cell resolution using adeno-associated viral vectors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/25/eabf0797. [PMID: 34134986 PMCID: PMC8208708 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf0797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Methodologies for the controlled delivery of genetic information into target cells are of utmost importance for genetic engineering in both fundamental and applied research. However, available methods for efficient gene transfer into user-selected or even single cells suffer from low throughput, the need for complicated equipment, high invasiveness, or side effects by off-target viral uptake. Here, we engineer an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector system that transfers genetic information into native target cells upon illumination with cell-compatible red light. This OptoAAV system allows adjustable and spatially resolved gene transfer down to single-cell resolution and is compatible with different cell lines and primary cells. Moreover, the sequential application of multiple OptoAAVs enables spatially resolved transduction with different transgenes. The approach presented is likely extendable to other classes of viral vectors and is expected to foster advances in basic and applied genetic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Hörner
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carolina Jerez-Longres
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna Hudek
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hook
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - O Sascha Yousefi
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University Clinics and Medical Faculty, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang W A Schamel
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University Clinics and Medical Faculty, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cindy Hörner
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Matias D Zurbriggen
- Institute of Synthetic Biology and CEPLAS, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Haifeng Ye
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanna J Wagner
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wilfried Weber
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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7
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Wang H, Tarriela J, Shiveshwarkar P, Pyayt A. Simulations and experimental demonstration of three different regimes of optofluidic manipulation. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:593-599. [PMID: 33690432 DOI: 10.1364/ao.408577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that optically controlled microcurrents can be used to capture and move around a variety of microscopic objects ranging from cells and nanowires to whole live worms. Here, we present our findings on several new regimes of optofluidic manipulation that can be engineered using careful design of microcurrents. We theoretically optimize these regimes using COMSOL Multiphysics and present three sets of simulations and corresponding optofluidic experiments. In the first regime, we use local fluid heating to create a microcurrent with a symmetric toroid shape capturing particles in the center. In the second regime, the microcurrent shifts and tilts because external fluid flow is introduced into the microfluidic channel. In the third regime, the whole microfluidic channel is tilted, and the resulting microcurrent projects particles in a fan-like fashion. All three configurations provide interesting opportunities to manipulate small particles in fluid droplets and microfluidic channels.
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Hosseinpour S, Walsh LJ. Laser-assisted nucleic acid delivery: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202000295. [PMID: 32931155 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy has become an effective treatment modality for some conditions. Laser light may augment or enhance gene therapy through photomechanical, photothermal, and photochemical. This review examined the evidence base for laser therapy to enhance nucleic acid transfection in mammalian cells. An electronic search of MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was performed, covering all available years. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guideline for systematic reviews was used for designing the study and analyzing the results. In total, 49 studies of laser irradiation for nucleic acid delivery were included. Key approaches were optoporation, photomechanical gene transfection, and photochemical internalization. Optoporation is better suited to cells in culture, photomechanical and photochemical approaches appear well suited to in vivo use. Additional studies explored the impact of photothermal for enhancing gene transfection. Each approach has merits and limitations. Augmenting nucleic acid delivery using laser irradiation is a promising method for improving gene therapy. Laser protocols can be non-invasive because of the penetration of desirable wavelengths of light, but it depends on various parameters such as power density, treatment duration, irradiation mode, etc. The current protocols show low efficiency, and there is a need for further work to optimize irradiation parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepanta Hosseinpour
- School of Dentistry, Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Laurence J Walsh
- School of Dentistry, Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Duckert B, Vinkx S, Braeken D, Fauvart M. Single-cell transfection technologies for cell therapies and gene editing. J Control Release 2020; 330:963-975. [PMID: 33160005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Advances in gene editing and cell therapies have recently led to outstanding clinical successes. However, the lack of a cost-effective manufacturing process prevents the democratization of these innovative medical tools. Due to the common use of viral vectors, the step of transfection in which cells are engineered to gain new functions, is a major bottleneck in making safe and affordable cell products. A promising opportunity lies in Single-Cell Transfection Technologies (SCTTs). SCTTs have demonstrated higher efficiency, safety and scalability than conventional transfection methods. They can also feature unique abilities such as substantial dosage control over the cargo delivery, single-cell addressability and integration in microdevices comprising multiple monitoring modalities. Unfortunately, the potential of SCTTs is not fully appreciated: they are most often restricted to research settings with little adoption in clinical settings. To encourage their adoption, we review and compare recent developments in SCTTs, and how they can enable selected clinical applications. To help bridge the gap between fundamental research and its translation to the clinic, we also describe how Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) can be integrated in the design of SCTTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Duckert
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200d, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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10
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Qu Y, Zhang Y, Yu Q, Chen H. Surface-Mediated Intracellular Delivery by Physical Membrane Disruption. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:31054-31078. [PMID: 32559060 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Effective and nondestructive intracellular delivery of exogenous molecules and other functional materials into living cells is of importance for diverse biological fundamental research and therapeutic applications, such as gene editing and cell-based therapies. However, for most exogenous molecules, the cell plasma membrane is effectively impermeable and thus remains the greatest barrier to intracellular delivery. In recent years, methods based on surface-mediated physical membrane disruption have attracted considerable attention. These methods exploit the physical properties of the surface to transiently increase the membrane permeability of cells come in contact thereto, thereby facilitating the efficient intracellular delivery of molecules regardless of molecule or target cell type. In this Review, we focus on recent progress, particularly over the past decade, on these surface-mediated membrane disruption-based delivery systems. According to the membrane disruption mechanism, three categories can be recognized: (i) mechanical penetration, (ii) electroporation, and (iii) photothermal poration. Each of these is discussed in turn and a brief perspective on future developments in this promising area is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangcui Qu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, P. R. China
| | - Qian Yu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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Malabi R, Lebohang Manoto S, Ombinda-Lemboumba S, Maaza M, Mthunzi-Kufa P. Laser-enhanced drug delivery of antiretroviral drugs into human immunodeficiency virus-1 infected TZMbl cells. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800424. [PMID: 31140728 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has significantly increased life expectancy and improved management of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) disease globally. This well-established treatment regime has shown to reduce viral capacity to undetectable limits when using traditional clinical assays. The establishment of viral reservoirs during the early stages of infection are the major contributors to failure of the current regimens to eradicate HIV-1 infection since the reservoirs are not affected by antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). Therefore, advanced modification of the present treatment and investigation of novel antiretroviral drug delivery system are needed. The aim of this study was to use femtosecond (fs) laser pulses to deliver ARVs into HIV-1 infected TZMbl cells. Different ARVs were translocated into TZMbl cells using fs pulsed laser (800 nm) with optimum power of 4 μW and 10 ms laser to cell exposure time. Changes in cellular processes were evaluated using cellular morphology, viability, cytotoxicity and luciferase activity assays. Cells treated with the laser in the presence of ARVs showed a significant reduction in viral infectivity, cell viability and an increase in cytotoxicity. This study demonstrated that fs laser pulses were highly effective in delivering ARVs into HIV-1 infected TZMbl cells, causing a significant reduction in HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudzani Malabi
- Biophotonics, National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
- College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Department of Physics, NB Pityana Building, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa
| | - Sello Lebohang Manoto
- Biophotonics, National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Saturnin Ombinda-Lemboumba
- Biophotonics, National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Malik Maaza
- College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Department of Physics, NB Pityana Building, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa
| | - Patience Mthunzi-Kufa
- Biophotonics, National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
- College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Department of Physics, NB Pityana Building, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa
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12
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Maier CM, Huergo MA, Milosevic S, Pernpeintner C, Li M, Singh DP, Walker D, Fischer P, Feldmann J, Lohmüller T. Optical and Thermophoretic Control of Janus Nanopen Injection into Living Cells. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:7935-7941. [PMID: 30468387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Devising strategies for the controlled injection of functional nanoparticles and reagents into living cells paves the way for novel applications in nanosurgery, sensing, and drug delivery. Here, we demonstrate the light-controlled guiding and injection of plasmonic Janus nanopens into living cells. The pens are made of a gold nanoparticle attached to a dielectric alumina shaft. Balancing optical and thermophoretic forces in an optical tweezer allows single Janus nanopens to be trapped and positioned on the surface of living cells. While the optical injection process involves strong heating of the plasmonic side, the temperature of the alumina stays significantly lower, thus allowing the functionalization with fluorescently labeled, single-stranded DNA and, hence, the spatially controlled injection of genetic material with an untethered nanocarrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph M Maier
- Chair for Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Amalienstraße 54 , 80799 Munich , Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS) , Schellingstraße 4 , 80799 Munich , Germany
| | - Maria Ana Huergo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET , Sucursal 4 Casilla de Correo 16 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina
| | - Sara Milosevic
- Chair for Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Amalienstraße 54 , 80799 Munich , Germany
| | - Carla Pernpeintner
- Chair for Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Amalienstraße 54 , 80799 Munich , Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS) , Schellingstraße 4 , 80799 Munich , Germany
| | - Miao Li
- Chair for Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Amalienstraße 54 , 80799 Munich , Germany
| | - Dhruv P Singh
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstraße 3 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Debora Walker
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstraße 3 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Peer Fischer
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstraße 3 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Jochen Feldmann
- Chair for Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Amalienstraße 54 , 80799 Munich , Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS) , Schellingstraße 4 , 80799 Munich , Germany
| | - Theobald Lohmüller
- Chair for Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Amalienstraße 54 , 80799 Munich , Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS) , Schellingstraße 4 , 80799 Munich , Germany
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13
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Madrid M, Saklayen N, Shen W, Huber M, Vogel N, Mazur E. Laser-Activated Self-Assembled Thermoplasmonic Nanocavity Substrates for Intracellular Delivery. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 1:1793-1799. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marinus Huber
- Department of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, 80539, Germany
| | - Nicolas Vogel
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
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14
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Wang R, Chow YT, Chen S, Ma D, Luo T, Tan Y, Sun D. Magnetic Force-driven in Situ Selective Intracellular Delivery. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14205. [PMID: 30242189 PMCID: PMC6155070 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32605-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of functional materials holds great promise in biologic research and therapeutic applications but poses challenges to existing techniques, including the reliance on exogenous vectors and lack of selectivity. To address these problems, we propose a vector-free approach that utilizes millimeter-sized iron rods or spheres driven by magnetic forces to selectively deform targeted cells, which in turn generates transient disruption in cell membranes and enables the delivery of foreign materials into cytosols. A range of functional materials with the size from a few nanometers to hundreds of nanometers have been successfully delivered into various types of mammalian cells in situ with high efficiency and viability and minimal undesired effects. Mechanistically, material delivery is mediated by force-induced transient membrane disruption and restoration, which depend on actin cytoskeleton and calcium signaling. When used for siRNA delivery, CXCR4 is effectively silenced and cell migration and proliferation are significantly inhibited. Remarkably, cell patterns with various complexities are generated, demonstrating the unique ability of our approach in selectively delivering materials into targeted cells in situ. In summary, we have developed a magnetic force-driven intracellular delivery method with in situ selectivity, which may have tremendous applications in biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Ting Chow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuxun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dongce Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Youhua Tan
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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15
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Banavath HN, Allam SR, Valathati SS, Sharan A, Rajasekaran B. Femtosecond laser pulse assisted photoporation for drug delivery in Chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 187:35-40. [PMID: 30098520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder occurs in the pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell. Currently, first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib is the mainstay for the treatment of CML. Second generation TKI's like ponatinib, dasatinib, nilotinib, and bafetinib were treated against resistant CML. However, several CML patients develop resistance towards all existing inhibitors. Curcumin (Curcuma longa) a plant-derived natural compound is an effective bioactive component against various cancers including CML. Many studies have shown that curcumin induces time- and dose-dependent apoptosis in CML cells by regulating various downstream molecular regulators. Despite curcumin's selective cytotoxicity towards cancer cells, it has very poor bioavailability both in in-vitro and in-vivo conditions. In this present study, we have used femtosecond laser (fs-laser) pulses to ablate the cell membrane and standardized the conditions required for creating a cell membrane pores with less lethality. Following fs-laser pulse irradiation, K562 cells were incubated along with curcumin 30 μM for 0 h, 6 h,12 h and 24 h. Interestingly irradiated cells have shown higher sensitivity towards curcumin than non-irradiated cells. Immunoblotting studies showed higher induction levels of cleaved caspase 3 and 9 in irradiated population than non-irradiated. In summary, the results prove that irradiation by fs-laser pulses enhanced the bioavailability of curcumin and shows caspase-mediated cell death in irradiated CML cells than other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemanth Naick Banavath
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | | | - Stella Sravanthi Valathati
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Alok Sharan
- Department of Physics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India.
| | - Baskaran Rajasekaran
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India.
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16
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Kim MG, Yoon S, Chiu CT, Shung KK. Investigation of Optimized Treatment Conditions for Acoustic-Transfection Technique for Intracellular Delivery of Macromolecules. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2018; 44:622-634. [PMID: 29284555 PMCID: PMC5800999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of cellular functions and structures by introduction of genetic materials inside cells has been one of the most prominent research areas in biomedicine. High-frequency ultrasound acoustic-transfection has recently been developed and confirmed by intracellular delivery of small molecules into HeLa cells at the single-cell level with high cell viability. After we proved the concept underlying the acoustic-transfection technique, treatment conditions for different human cancer cell lines have been intensively investigated to further develop acoustic-transfection as a versatile and adaptable transfection method by satisfying the requirements of high-delivery efficiency and cell membrane permeability with minimal membrane disruption. To determine optimal treatment conditions for different cell lines, we developed a quantitative intracellular delivery score based on delivery efficiency, cell membrane permeability and cell viability after 4 and 20 h of treatment. The intracellular delivery of macromolecules and the simultaneous intracellular delivery of two molecules under optimal treatment conditions were successfully achieved. We found that DNA plasmid was delivered by acoustic-transfection technique into epiblast stem cells, which expressed transient mCherry fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sangpil Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Chi Tat Chiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - K Kirk Shung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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17
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Simeoli R, Montague K, Jones HR, Castaldi L, Chambers D, Kelleher JH, Vacca V, Pitcher T, Grist J, Al-Ahdal H, Wong LF, Perretti M, Lai J, Mouritzen P, Heppenstall P, Malcangio M. Exosomal cargo including microRNA regulates sensory neuron to macrophage communication after nerve trauma. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1778. [PMID: 29176651 PMCID: PMC5701122 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Following peripheral axon injury, dysregulation of non-coding microRNAs (miRs) occurs in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sensory neurons. Here we show that DRG neuron cell bodies release extracellular vesicles, including exosomes containing miRs, upon activity. We demonstrate that miR-21-5p is released in the exosomal fraction of cultured DRG following capsaicin activation of TRPV1 receptors. Pure sensory neuron-derived exosomes released by capsaicin are readily phagocytosed by macrophages in which an increase in miR-21-5p expression promotes a pro-inflammatory phenotype. After nerve injury in mice, miR-21-5p is upregulated in DRG neurons and both intrathecal delivery of a miR-21-5p antagomir and conditional deletion of miR-21 in sensory neurons reduce neuropathic hypersensitivity as well as the extent of inflammatory macrophage recruitment in the DRG. We suggest that upregulation and release of miR-21 contribute to sensory neuron–macrophage communication after damage to the peripheral nerve. Exosomes are known to contain microRNAs (miRs). Here the authors show that dorsal root ganglion neurons release exosomes containing miR-21-5p, which contributes to inflammatory cell recruitment following peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Simeoli
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Karli Montague
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Hefin R Jones
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Laura Castaldi
- EMBL Monterotondo, Via Ramarini 32, 00016, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - David Chambers
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Jayne H Kelleher
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Valentina Vacca
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK.,Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council and IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143, Rome, Italy
| | - Thomas Pitcher
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - John Grist
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Hadil Al-Ahdal
- School of Clinical Sciences, Medical Science Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Liang-Fong Wong
- School of Clinical Sciences, Medical Science Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Mauro Perretti
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | | | | | | | - Marzia Malcangio
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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18
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Meader VK, John MG, Rodrigues CJ, Tibbetts KM. Roles of Free Electrons and H2O2 in the Optical Breakdown-Induced Photochemical Reduction of Aqueous [AuCl4]−. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:6742-6754. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b05370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Kathryn Meader
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Mallory G. John
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Collin J. Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Katharine Moore Tibbetts
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
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19
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Duan X, Wan JMF, Mak AFT. Oxidative Stress Alters the Morphological Responses of Myoblasts to Single-Site Membrane Photoporation. Cell Mol Bioeng 2017; 10:313-325. [PMID: 31719866 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-017-0488-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The responses of single cells to plasma membrane damage is critical to cell survival under adverse conditions and to many transfection protocols in genetic engineering. While the post-damage molecular responses have been much studied, the holistic morphological changes of damaged cells have received less attention. Here we document the post-damage morphological changes of the C2C12 myoblast cell bodies and nuclei after femtosecond laser photoporation targeted at the plasma membrane. One adverse environmental condition, namely oxidative stress, was also studied to investigate whether external environmental threats could affect the cellular responses to plasma membrane damage. The 3D characteristics data showed that in normal conditions, the cell bodies underwent significant shrinkage after single-site laser photoporation on the plasma membrane. However for the cells bearing hydrogen peroxide oxidative stress beforehand, the cell bodies showed significant swelling after laser photoporation. The post-damage morphological changes of single cells were more obvious after chronic oxidative exposure than that after acute ones. Interestingly, in both conditions, the 2D projection of nucleus apparently shrank after laser photoporation and distanced itself from the damage site. Our results suggest that the cells may experience significant multi-dimensional biophysical changes after single-site plasma membrane damage. These post-damage responses could be dramatically affected by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxing Duan
- 1Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- 3Department of Mechanical & Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- 4School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Jennifer M F Wan
- 4School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Arthur F T Mak
- 1Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- 2Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- 3Department of Mechanical & Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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20
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Tsai PC, Epperla CP, Huang JS, Chen OY, Wu CC, Chang HC. Measuring Nanoscale Thermostability of Cell Membranes with Single Gold-Diamond Nanohybrids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201700357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chang Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences; Academia Sinica; Taipei 106 Taiwan
| | - Chandra P. Epperla
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences; Academia Sinica; Taipei 106 Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program; Academia Sinica; Taipei 115 Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu 300 Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shan Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chi Nan University; Puli, Nantou 545 Taiwan
| | - Oliver Y. Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences; Academia Sinica; Taipei 106 Taiwan
| | - Chih-Che Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chi Nan University; Puli, Nantou 545 Taiwan
| | - Huan-Cheng Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences; Academia Sinica; Taipei 106 Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program; Academia Sinica; Taipei 115 Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology; Taipei 106 Taiwan
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21
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Tsai PC, Epperla CP, Huang JS, Chen OY, Wu CC, Chang HC. Measuring Nanoscale Thermostability of Cell Membranes with Single Gold-Diamond Nanohybrids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:3025-3030. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201700357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chang Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences; Academia Sinica; Taipei 106 Taiwan
| | - Chandra P. Epperla
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences; Academia Sinica; Taipei 106 Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program; Academia Sinica; Taipei 115 Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu 300 Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shan Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chi Nan University; Puli, Nantou 545 Taiwan
| | - Oliver Y. Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences; Academia Sinica; Taipei 106 Taiwan
| | - Chih-Che Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chi Nan University; Puli, Nantou 545 Taiwan
| | - Huan-Cheng Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences; Academia Sinica; Taipei 106 Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program; Academia Sinica; Taipei 115 Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology; Taipei 106 Taiwan
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22
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Moen EK, Ibey BL, Beier HT, Armani AM. Quantifying pulsed electric field-induced membrane nanoporation in single cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:2795-2803. [PMID: 27535877 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Plasma membrane disruption can trigger a host of cellular activities. One commonly observed type of disruption is pore formation. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations of simplified lipid membrane structures predict that controllably disrupting the membrane via nano-scale poration may be possible with nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF). Until recently, researchers hoping to verify this hypothesis experimentally have been limited to measuring the relatively slow process of fluorescent markers diffusing across the membrane, which is indirect evidence of nanoporation that could be channel-mediated. Leveraging recent advances in nonlinear optical microscopy, we elucidate the role of pulse parameters in nsPEF-induced membrane permeabilization in live cells. Unlike previous techniques, it is able to directly observe loss of membrane order at the onset of the pulse. We also develop a complementary theoretical model that relates increasing membrane permeabilization to membrane pore density. Due to the significantly improved spatial and temporal resolution possible with our imaging method, we are able to directly compare our experimental and theoretical results. Their agreement provides substantial evidence that nanoporation does occur and that its development is dictated by the electric field distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick K Moen
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering - Electrophysics, University of Southern California, 920 Bloom Walk, SSC, 502 Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Bennett L Ibey
- Bioeffects Division, 711 Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, 4141 Petroleum Rd., JBSA Fort Sam, Houston, TX 78234, USA
| | - Hope T Beier
- Bioeffects Division, 711 Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, 4141 Petroleum Rd., JBSA Fort Sam, Houston, TX 78234, USA
| | - Andrea M Armani
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering - Electrophysics, University of Southern California, 920 Bloom Walk, SSC, 502 Los Angeles, CA, USA
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23
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Breunig HG, Batista A, Uchugonova A, König K. Cell optoporation with a sub-15 fs and a 250-fs laser. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:60501. [PMID: 27251075 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.6.060501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We employed two commercially available femtosecond lasers, a Ti:sapphire and a ytterbium-based oscillator, to directly compare from a user’s practical point-of-view in one common experimental setup the efficiencies of transient laser-induced cell membrane permeabilization, i.e., of so-called optoporation. The experimental setup consisted of a modified multiphoton laser-scanning microscope employing high-NA focusing optics. An automatic cell irradiation procedure was realized with custom-made software that identified cell positions and controlled relevant hardware components. The Ti:sapphire and ytterbium-based oscillators generated broadband sub-15-fs pulses around 800 nm and 250-fs pulses at 1044 nm, respectively. A higher optoporation rate and posttreatment viability were observed for the shorter fs pulses, confirming the importance of multiphoton effects for efficient optoporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Georg Breunig
- JenLab GmbH, Science Park 2, Campus D 1.2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany and Schillerstr. 1, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ana Batista
- JenLab GmbH, Science Park 2, Campus D 1.2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany and Schillerstr. 1, 07745 Jena, GermanybSaarland University, Department of Biophotonics and Laser Technology, Campus A5.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Aisada Uchugonova
- JenLab GmbH, Science Park 2, Campus D 1.2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany and Schillerstr. 1, 07745 Jena, GermanybSaarland University, Department of Biophotonics and Laser Technology, Campus A5.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Karsten König
- JenLab GmbH, Science Park 2, Campus D 1.2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany and Schillerstr. 1, 07745 Jena, GermanybSaarland University, Department of Biophotonics and Laser Technology, Campus A5.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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24
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Ishii A, Ariyasu K, Mitsuhashi T, Heinemann D, Heisterkamp A, Terakawa M. Biodegradable microsphere-mediated cell perforation in microfluidic channel using femtosecond laser. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:55001. [PMID: 27156714 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.5.055001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of small particles has expanded the capability of ultrashort pulsed laser optoinjection technology toward simultaneous treatment of multiple cells. The microfluidic platform is one of the attractive systems that has obtained synergy with laser-based technology for cell manipulation, including optoinjection. We have demonstrated the delivery of molecules into suspended-flowing cells in a microfluidic channel by using biodegradable polymer microspheres and a near-infrared femtosecond laser pulse. The use of polylactic-co-glycolic acid microspheres realized not only a higher optoinjection ratio compared to that with polylactic acid microspheres but also avoids optical damage to the microfluidic chip, which is attributable to its higher optical intensity enhancement at the localized spot under a microsphere. Interestingly, optoinjection ratios to nucleus showed a difference for adhered cells and suspended cells. The use of biodegradable polymer microspheres provides high throughput optoinjection; i.e., multiple cells can be treated in a short time, which is promising for various applications in cell analysis, drug delivery, and ex vivo gene transfection to bone marrow cells and stem cells without concerns about residual microspheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhiro Ishii
- Keio University, Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Ariyasu
- Keio University, Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Mitsuhashi
- Keio University, Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Dag Heinemann
- Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Biomedical Optics Department, Hollerithallee 8, Hannover D- 30419, Germany
| | - Alexander Heisterkamp
- Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Biomedical Optics Department, Hollerithallee 8, Hannover D- 30419, GermanycGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Quantum Optics, Am Welfengarten 1, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - Mitsuhiro Terakawa
- Keio University, Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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25
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Chow YT, Chen S, Wang R, Liu C, Kong CW, Li RA, Cheng SH, Sun D. Single Cell Transfection through Precise Microinjection with Quantitatively Controlled Injection Volumes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24127. [PMID: 27067121 PMCID: PMC4828701 DOI: 10.1038/srep24127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell transfection is a technique wherein foreign genetic molecules are delivered into cells. To elucidate distinct responses during cell genetic modification, methods to achieve transfection at the single-cell level are of great value. Herein, we developed an automated micropipette-based quantitative microinjection technology that can deliver precise amounts of materials into cells. The developed microinjection system achieved precise single-cell microinjection by pre-patterning cells in an array and controlling the amount of substance delivered based on injection pressure and time. The precision of the proposed injection technique was examined by comparing the fluorescence intensities of fluorescent dye droplets with a standard concentration and water droplets with a known injection amount of the dye in oil. Injection of synthetic modified mRNA (modRNA) encoding green fluorescence proteins or a cocktail of plasmids encoding green and red fluorescence proteins into human foreskin fibroblast cells demonstrated that the resulting green fluorescence intensity or green/red fluorescence intensity ratio were well correlated with the amount of genetic material injected into the cells. Single-cell transfection via the developed microinjection technique will be of particular use in cases where cell transfection is challenging and genetically modified of selected cells are desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ting Chow
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuxun Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chichi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-wing Kong
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Consortium, Department of Physiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ronald A. Li
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Consortium, Department of Physiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuk Han Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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26
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Direct and sustained intracellular delivery of exogenous molecules using acoustic-transfection with high frequency ultrasound. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20477. [PMID: 26843283 PMCID: PMC4740885 DOI: 10.1038/srep20477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling cell functions for research and therapeutic purposes may open new strategies for the treatment of many diseases. An efficient and safe introduction of membrane impermeable molecules into target cells will provide versatile means to modulate cell fate. We introduce a new transfection technique that utilizes high frequency ultrasound without any contrast agents such as microbubbles, bringing a single-cell level targeting and size-dependent intracellular delivery of macromolecules. The transfection apparatus consists of an ultrasonic transducer with the center frequency of over 150 MHz and an epi-fluorescence microscope, entitled acoustic-transfection system. Acoustic pulses, emitted from an ultrasonic transducer, perturb the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane of a targeted single-cell to induce intracellular delivery of exogenous molecules. Simultaneous live cell imaging using HeLa cells to investigate the intracellular concentration of Ca2+ and propidium iodide (PI) and the delivery of 3 kDa dextran labeled with Alexa 488 were demonstrated. Cytosolic delivery of 3 kDa dextran induced via acoustic-transfection was manifested by diffused fluorescence throughout whole cells. Short-term (6 hr) cell viability test and long-term (40 hr) cell tracking confirmed that the proposed approach has low cell cytotoxicity.
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Zhou H, Sharma M, Berezin O, Zuckerman D, Berezin MY. Nanothermometry: From Microscopy to Thermal Treatments. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:27-36. [PMID: 26443335 PMCID: PMC7396319 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Measuring temperature in cells and tissues remotely, with sufficient sensitivity, and in real time presents a new paradigm in engineering, chemistry and biology. Traditional sensors, such as contact thermometers, thermocouples, and electrodes, are too large to measure the temperature with subcellular resolution and are too invasive to measure the temperature in deep tissue. The new challenge requires novel approaches in designing biocompatible temperature sensors-nanothermometers-and innovative techniques for their measurements. In the last two decades, a variety of nanothermometers whose response reflected the thermal environment within a physiological temperature range have been identified as potential sensors. This review covers the principles and aspects of nanothermometer design driven by two emerging areas: single-cell thermogenesis and image guided thermal treatments. The review highlights the current trends in nanothermometry illustrated with recent representative examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Monica Sharma
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | | | - Darryl Zuckerman
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Mikhail Y Berezin
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Institute for Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University, 1 Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
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Messina GC, Dipalo M, La Rocca R, Zilio P, Caprettini V, Proietti Zaccaria R, Toma A, Tantussi F, Berdondini L, De Angelis F. Spatially, Temporally, and Quantitatively Controlled Delivery of Broad Range of Molecules into Selected Cells through Plasmonic Nanotubes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:7145-9. [PMID: 26445223 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201503252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A Universal plasmonic/microfluidic platform for spatial and temporal controlled intracellular delivery is described. The system can inject/transfect the desired amount of molecules with an efficacy close to 100%. Moreover, it is highly scalable from single cells to large ensembles without administering the molecules to an extracellular bath. The latter enables quantitative control over the amount of injected molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michele Dipalo
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Rosanna La Rocca
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Toma
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Luca Berdondini
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
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29
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Uchugonova A, Breunig HG, Batista A, König K. Optical reprogramming of human somatic cells using ultrashort Bessel-shaped near-infrared femtosecond laser pulses. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2015; 20:115008. [PMID: 26618522 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.11.115008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report a virus-free optical approach to human cell reprogramming into induced pluripotent stem cells with low-power nanoporation using ultrashort Bessel-shaped laser pulses. Picojoule near-infrared sub-20 fs laser pulses at a high 85 MHz repetition frequency are employed to generate transient nanopores in the membrane of dermal fibroblasts for the introduction of four transcription factors to induce the reprogramming process. In contrast to conventional approaches which utilize retro- or lentiviruses to deliver genes or transcription factors into the host genome, the laser method is virus-free; hence, the risk of virus-induced cancer generation limiting clinical application is avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisada Uchugonova
- Saarland University, Department of Biophotonics and Laser Technology, Campus A5.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, GermanybJenLab GmbH, Schillerstrasse 1, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Hans Georg Breunig
- Saarland University, Department of Biophotonics and Laser Technology, Campus A5.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, GermanybJenLab GmbH, Schillerstrasse 1, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ana Batista
- Saarland University, Department of Biophotonics and Laser Technology, Campus A5.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Karsten König
- Saarland University, Department of Biophotonics and Laser Technology, Campus A5.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, GermanybJenLab GmbH, Schillerstrasse 1, 07745 Jena, Germany
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30
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Dynamic manipulation of particles via transformative optofluidic waveguides. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15170. [PMID: 26471003 PMCID: PMC4607948 DOI: 10.1038/srep15170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Optofluidics is one of the most remarkable areas in the field of microfluidic research. Particle manipulation with optofluidic platforms has become central to optical chromatography, biotechnology, and μ-total analysis systems. Optical manipulation of particles depends on their sizes and refractive indices (n), which occasionally leads to undesirable separation consequences when their optical mobilities are identical. Here, we demonstrate rapid and dynamic particle manipulation according to n, regardless of size. Integrated liquid-core/solid-cladding (LS) and liquid-core/liquid-cladding (L2) waveguides were fabricated and their characteristics were experimentally and theoretically determined. The high and low n particles showed the opposite behaviors by controlling the contrast of their n values to those of the working fluids. The LS waveguide was found to successfully manipulate particles according to n, and the L2 waveguide was found to provide additional system stability and flexibility, compared to the LS system.
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31
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Software-aided automatic laser optoporation and transfection of cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11185. [PMID: 26053047 PMCID: PMC4459191 DOI: 10.1038/srep11185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Optoporation, the permeabilization of a cell membrane by laser pulses, has emerged as a powerful non-invasive and highly efficient technique to induce transfection of cells. However, the usual tedious manual targeting of individual cells significantly limits the addressable cell number. To overcome this limitation, we present an experimental setup with custom-made software control, for computer-automated cell optoporation. The software evaluates the image contrast of cell contours, automatically designates cell locations for laser illumination, centres those locations in the laser focus, and executes the illumination. By software-controlled meandering of the sample stage, in principle all cells in a typical cell culture dish can be targeted without further user interaction. The automation allows for a significant increase in the number of treatable cells compared to a manual approach. For a laser illumination duration of 100 ms, 7-8 positions on different cells can be targeted every second inside the area of the microscope field of view. The experimental capabilities of the setup are illustrated in experiments with Chinese hamster ovary cells. Furthermore, the influence of laser power is discussed, with mention on post-treatment cell survival and optoporation-efficiency rates.
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32
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Duan X, Chan KT, Lee KKH, Mak AFT. Oxidative Stress and Plasma Membrane Repair in Single Myoblasts After Femtosecond Laser Photoporation. Ann Biomed Eng 2015; 43:2735-44. [PMID: 26014361 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-015-1341-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cell membranes are susceptible to biophysical damages. These biophysical damages often present themselves in challenging oxidative environments, such as in chronic inflammation. Here we report the damage evolution after single myoblasts were individually subjected to femtosecond (fs) laser photoporation on their plasma membranes under normal and oxidative conditions. A well-characterized tunable fs laser was coupled with a laser scanning confocal microscope. The post-damage wound evolution was documented by real-time imaging. The fs laser could generate a highly focused hole at a targeted site of the myoblast plasma membrane. The initial hole size depended on the laser dosage in terms of power and exposure duration. With the same laser power and irradiation duration, photoporation invoked bigger holes in the oxidative groups than in the control. Myoblasts showed difficulty in repairing holes with initial size beyond certain threshold. Within the threshold, holes could apparently be resealed within 100 s under the normal condition; while in oxidative condition, the resealing process could take 100-300 s. The hole-resealing capacity of myoblasts was compromised under oxidative stress particularly when the oxidative exposure was chronic. It is interesting to note that brief exposure to oxidative stress apparently could promote resealing in myoblasts after photoporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxing Duan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Kam Tai Chan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Kenneth K H Lee
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Arthur F T Mak
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. .,Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. .,Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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Cytosolic irradiation of femtosecond laser induces mitochondria-dependent apoptosis-like cell death via intrinsic reactive oxygen cascades. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8231. [PMID: 25648455 PMCID: PMC4316155 DOI: 10.1038/srep08231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-intensity femtosecond lasers have recently been used to irreversibly disrupt nanoscale structures, such as intracellular organelles, and to modify biological functions in a reversible manner: so-called nanosurgery and biophotomodulation. Femtosecond laser pulses above the threshold intensity sufficient for reversible biophotomodulation can cause irreversible changes in the irradiated cell, eventually leading to cell death. Here, we demonstrated that cytosolic irradiation with a femtosecond laser produced intrinsic cascades of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which led to rapid apoptosis-like cell death via a caspase and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) signaling pathway. We further showed that cells with enhanced mitochondrial fusion activity are more resilient to laser-induced stress compared to those with enforced mitochondrial fission. Taken together, these findings provide fundamental insight into how optical stimulation intervenes in intrinsic cellular signaling pathways and functions.
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34
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Breunig HG, Uchugonova A, Batista A, König K. High-throughput continuous flow femtosecond laser-assisted cell optoporation and transfection. Microsc Res Tech 2014; 77:974-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Georg Breunig
- Department of Biophotonics and Laser Technology; Saarland University, Faculty of Mechatronics and Physics; Campus A5.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- JenLab GmbH, Schillerstr. 1, 07745 Jena, Germany and Science Park 2; Campus D1.2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Aisada Uchugonova
- Department of Biophotonics and Laser Technology; Saarland University, Faculty of Mechatronics and Physics; Campus A5.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- JenLab GmbH, Schillerstr. 1, 07745 Jena, Germany and Science Park 2; Campus D1.2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Ana Batista
- Department of Biophotonics and Laser Technology; Saarland University, Faculty of Mechatronics and Physics; Campus A5.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Karsten König
- Department of Biophotonics and Laser Technology; Saarland University, Faculty of Mechatronics and Physics; Campus A5.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- JenLab GmbH, Schillerstr. 1, 07745 Jena, Germany and Science Park 2; Campus D1.2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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35
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Vyas S, Kozawa Y, Sato S. Generation of radially polarized Bessel-Gaussian beams from c-cut Nd:YVO₄ laser. OPTICS LETTERS 2014; 39:1101-1104. [PMID: 24562288 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.001101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate the generation of radially polarized Bessel-Gaussian beams from a c-cut Nd:YVO₄ laser with a hemispherical cavity configuration by proper mode control. The output beam has an annular-shaped intensity distribution with radial polarization. When the beam is focused, the intensity pattern changes to a multi-ring, which is a typical characteristic of the lowest transverse mode of vector Bessel-Gaussian beam. Higher-order modes of vector Bessel-Gaussian beam are also observed from the same cavity by slightly changing the cavity alignment. The experimental results show a good agreement with the simulation results for both focal and far fields. The present method is a simple and direct way for generating vector Bessel-Gaussian beams.
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36
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Fast targeted gene transfection and optogenetic modification of single neurons using femtosecond laser irradiation. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3281. [PMID: 24257461 PMCID: PMC3836031 DOI: 10.1038/srep03281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A prevailing problem in neuroscience is the fast and targeted delivery of DNA into selected neurons. The development of an appropriate methodology would enable the transfection of multiple genes into the same cell or different genes into different neighboring cells as well as rapid cell selective functionalization of neurons. Here, we show that optimized femtosecond optical transfection fulfills these requirements. We also demonstrate successful optical transfection of channelrhodopsin-2 in single selected neurons. We extend the functionality of this technique for wider uptake by neuroscientists by using fast three-dimensional laser beam steering enabling an image-guided "point-and-transfect" user-friendly transfection of selected cells. A sub-second transfection timescale per cell makes this method more rapid by at least two orders of magnitude when compared to alternative single-cell transfection techniques. This novel technology provides the ability to carry out large-scale cell selective genetic studies on neuronal ensembles and perform rapid genetic programming of neural circuits.
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37
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Mitchell CA, Kalies S, Cizmár T, Heisterkamp A, Torrance L, Roberts AG, Gunn-Moore FJ, Dholakia K. Femtosecond optoinjection of intact tobacco BY-2 cells using a reconfigurable photoporation platform. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79235. [PMID: 24244456 PMCID: PMC3828288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A tightly-focused ultrashort pulsed laser beam incident upon a cell membrane has previously been shown to transiently increase cell membrane permeability while maintaining the viability of the cell, a technique known as photoporation. This permeability can be used to aid the passage of membrane-impermeable biologically-relevant substances such as dyes, proteins and nucleic acids into the cell. Ultrashort-pulsed lasers have proven to be indispensable for photoporating mammalian cells but they have rarely been applied to plant cells due to their larger sizes and rigid and thick cell walls, which significantly hinders the intracellular delivery of exogenous substances. Here we demonstrate and quantify femtosecond optical injection of membrane impermeable dyes into intact BY-2 tobacco plant cells growing in culture, investigating both optical and biological parameters. Specifically, we show that the long axial extent of a propagation invariant ("diffraction-free") Bessel beam, which relaxes the requirements for tight focusing on the cell membrane, outperforms a standard Gaussian photoporation beam, achieving up to 70% optoinjection efficiency. Studies on the osmotic effects of culture media show that a hypertonic extracellular medium was found to be necessary to reduce turgor pressure and facilitate molecular entry into the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire A. Mitchell
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Kalies
- Biomedical Optics Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hannover, Germany
| | - Tomás Cizmár
- School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lesley Torrance
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, United Kingdom
- School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Alison G. Roberts
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Frank J. Gunn-Moore
- School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Kishan Dholakia
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
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38
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Arita Y, Ploschner M, Antkowiak M, Gunn-Moore F, Dholakia K. Laser-induced breakdown of an optically trapped gold nanoparticle for single cell transfection. OPTICS LETTERS 2013; 38:3402-5. [PMID: 23988969 DOI: 10.1364/ol.38.003402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The cell selective introduction of therapeutic agents remains a challenging problem. Here we demonstrate spatially controlled cavitation instigated by laser-induced breakdown of an optically trapped single gold nanoparticle of diameter 100 nm. The energy breakdown threshold of the gold nanoparticle with a single nanosecond laser pulse at 532 nm is three orders of magnitude lower than water, which leads to nanocavitation allowing single cell transfection. We quantify the shear stress to cells from the expanding bubble and optimize the pressure to be in the range of 1-10 kPa for transfection. The method shows transfection of plasmid DNA into individual mammalian cells with an efficiency of 75%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Arita
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, UK. ya10@st‑andrews.ac.uk
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