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O'Brien NS, Gilbert J, McCluskey A, Sakoff JA. 2,3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1 H)-ones and quinazolin-4(3 H)-ones as broad-spectrum cytotoxic agents and their impact on tubulin polymerisation. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1686-1708. [PMID: 38784470 PMCID: PMC11110758 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00600j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tubulin plays a central role in mitosis and has been the target of multiple anticancer drugs, including paclitaxel. Herein two separate families of 2,3-dihydroquinazoline-4(1H)-ones and quinazoline-4(3H) ones, comprising 57 compounds in total, were synthesised. Screening against a broad panel of human cancer cell lines (HT29 colon, U87 and SJ-G2 glioblastoma, MCF-7 breast, A2780 ovarian, H460 lung, A431 skin, Du145 prostate, BE2-C neuroblastoma, and MIA pancreas) reveals these analogues to be broad spectrum cytotoxic compounds. Of particular note, 2-styrylquinazolin-4(3H)-one 51, 2-(4-hydroxystyryl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one 63, 2-(2-methoxystyryl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one 64 and 2-(3-methoxystyryl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one 65 and 2-(naphthalen-1-yl)-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one 39 exhibited sub-μM potency growth inhibition values. Of these 1-naphthyl 39 has activity <50 nM against the HT29, U87, A2780, H460 and BE2-C cell lines. Molecular modelling of these compounds, e.g. 2-(naphthalen-1-yl)-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one 39, 2-(2-methoxystyryl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one 64, 2-(3-methoxystyryl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one 65, and 2-(4-methoxystyryl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one 50 docked to the known tubulin polymerisation inhibitor sites highlighted well conserved interactions within the colchicine binding pocket. These compounds were examined in a tubulin polymerisation assay alongside the known tubulin polymerisation promotor, paclitaxel (69), and tubulin inhibitor, nocodazole (68). Of the analogues examined, indoles 43 and 47 were modest promotors of tubulin polymerisation, but less effective than paclitaxel. Analogues 39, 64, and 65 showed reduced microtubule formation consistent with tubulin inhibition. The variation in ring methoxy substituent with 50, 64 and 65, from o- to m- to p-, results in a concomitant reduction in cytotoxicity and a reduction in tubulin polymerisation, with p-OCH350 being the least active in this series of analogues. This presents 64 as a tubulin polymerisation inhibitor possessing novel chemotype and sub micromolar cytotoxicity. Naphthyl 39, with complete inhibition of tubulin polymerisation, gave rise to a sub 0.2 μM cell line cytotoxicity. Compounds 39 and 64 induced G2 + M cell cycle arrest indicative of inhibition of tubulin polymerisation, with 39 inducing an equivalent effect on cell cycle arrest as nocodazole (68).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S O'Brien
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +61(0)249215472 +61(0)249216486
| | - Jayne Gilbert
- Experimental Therapeutics Group, Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital Edith Street Waratah 2298 NSW Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +61(0)249215472 +61(0)249216486
| | - Jennette A Sakoff
- Experimental Therapeutics Group, Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital Edith Street Waratah 2298 NSW Australia
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2
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Odell LR, Jones NC, Chau N, Robertson MJ, Ambrus JI, Deane FM, Young KA, Whiting A, Xue J, Prichard K, Daniel JA, Gorgani NN, O'Brien TJ, Robinson PJ, McCluskey A. The sulfonadyns: a class of aryl sulfonamides inhibiting dynamin I GTPase and clathrin mediated endocytosis are anti-seizure in animal models. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:1492-1511. [PMID: 37593570 PMCID: PMC10429932 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00371f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We show that dansylcadaverine (1) a known in-cell inhibitor of clathrin mediated endocytosis (CME), moderately inhibits dynamin I (dynI) GTPase activity (IC50 45 μM) and transferrin (Tfn) endocytosis in U2OS cells (IC50 205 μM). Synthesis gave a new class of GTP-competitive dynamin inhibitors, the Sulfonadyns™. The introduction of a terminal cinnamyl moiety greatly enhanced dynI inhibition. Rigid diamine or amide links between the dansyl and cinnamyl moieties were detrimental to dynI inhibition. Compounds with in vitro inhibition of dynI activity <10 μM were tested in-cell for inhibition of CME. These data unveiled a number of compounds, e.g. analogues 33 ((E)-N-(6-{[(3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-propen-1-yl]amino}hexyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide)) and 47 ((E)-N-(3-{[3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-propen-1-yl]amino}propyl)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide)isomers that showed dyn IC50 <4 μM, IC50(CME) <30 μM and IC50(SVE) from 12-265 μM. Both analogues (33 and 47) are at least 10 times more potent that the initial lead, dansylcadaverine (1). Enzyme kinetics revealed these sulfonamide analogues as being GTP competitive inhibitors of dynI. Sulfonadyn-47, the most potent SVE inhibitor observed (IC50(SVE) = 12.3 μM), significantly increased seizure threshold in a 6 Hz mouse psychomotor seizure test at 30 (p = 0.003) and 100 mg kg-1 ip (p < 0.0001), with similar anti-seizure efficacy to the established anti-seizure medication, sodium valproate (400 mg kg-1). The Sulfonadyn™ class of drugs target dynamin and show promise as novel leads for future anti-seizure medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke R Odell
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental & Life Science, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +612 4921 5472 +612 4921 6486
| | - Nigel C Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University Melbourne Victoria 3004 Australia
- Department of Neurology, The Alfred Hospital Commercial Road Melbourne Victoria 3004 Australia
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Ngoc Chau
- Cell Signaling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney 214 Hawkesbury Road Westmead NSW 2145 Australia +612 8865 2915
| | - Mark J Robertson
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental & Life Science, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +612 4921 5472 +612 4921 6486
| | - Joseph I Ambrus
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental & Life Science, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +612 4921 5472 +612 4921 6486
| | - Fiona M Deane
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental & Life Science, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +612 4921 5472 +612 4921 6486
| | - Kelly A Young
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental & Life Science, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +612 4921 5472 +612 4921 6486
| | - Ainslie Whiting
- Cell Signaling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney 214 Hawkesbury Road Westmead NSW 2145 Australia +612 8865 2915
| | - Jing Xue
- Cell Signaling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney 214 Hawkesbury Road Westmead NSW 2145 Australia +612 8865 2915
| | - Kate Prichard
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental & Life Science, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +612 4921 5472 +612 4921 6486
| | - James A Daniel
- Cell Signaling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney 214 Hawkesbury Road Westmead NSW 2145 Australia +612 8865 2915
| | - Nick N Gorgani
- Cell Signaling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney 214 Hawkesbury Road Westmead NSW 2145 Australia +612 8865 2915
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Neurology, The Alfred Hospital Commercial Road Melbourne Victoria 3004 Australia
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Phillip J Robinson
- Cell Signaling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney 214 Hawkesbury Road Westmead NSW 2145 Australia +612 8865 2915
| | - Adam McCluskey
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental & Life Science, The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia +612 4921 5472 +612 4921 6486
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Tonello R, Anderson WB, Davidson S, Escriou V, Yang L, Schmidt BL, Imlach WL, Bunnett NW. The contribution of endocytosis to sensitization of nociceptors and synaptic transmission in nociceptive circuits. Pain 2023; 164:1355-1374. [PMID: 36378744 PMCID: PMC10182228 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Chronic pain involves sensitization of nociceptors and synaptic transmission of painful signals in nociceptive circuits in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. We investigated the contribution of clathrin-dependent endocytosis to sensitization of nociceptors by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and to synaptic transmission in spinal nociceptive circuits. We determined whether therapeutic targeting of endocytosis could ameliorate pain. mRNA encoding dynamin (Dnm) 1 to 3 and adaptor-associated protein kinase 1 (AAK1), which mediate clathrin-dependent endocytosis, were localized to primary sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglia of mouse and human and to spinal neurons in the dorsal horn of the mouse spinal cord by RNAScope. When injected intrathecally to mice, Dnm and AAK1 siRNA or shRNA knocked down Dnm and AAK1 mRNA in dorsal root ganglia neurons, reversed mechanical and thermal allodynia and hyperalgesia, and normalized nonevoked behavior in preclinical models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Intrathecally administered inhibitors of clathrin, Dnm, and AAK1 also reversed allodynia and hyperalgesia. Disruption of clathrin, Dnm, and AAK1 did not affect normal motor functions of behaviors. Patch clamp recordings of dorsal horn neurons revealed that Dnm1 and AAK1 disruption inhibited synaptic transmission between primary sensory neurons and neurons in lamina I/II of the spinal cord dorsal horn by suppressing release of synaptic vesicles from presynaptic primary afferent neurons. Patch clamp recordings from dorsal root ganglion nociceptors indicated that Dnm siRNA prevented sustained GPCR-mediated sensitization of nociceptors. By disrupting synaptic transmission in the spinal cord and blunting sensitization of nociceptors, endocytosis inhibitors offer a therapeutic approach for pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Tonello
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA
- Pain Research Center, New York University
| | - Wayne B. Anderson
- Department of Physiology and Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Steve Davidson
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA
| | | | - Lei Yang
- NYU Dentistry Translational Research Center, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Brian L. Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA
- Pain Research Center, New York University
- NYU Dentistry Translational Research Center, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Wendy L. Imlach
- Department of Physiology and Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Nigel W. Bunnett
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA
- Pain Research Center, New York University
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Alkafaas SS, Abdallah AM, Ghosh S, Loutfy SA, Elkafas SS, Abdel Fattah NF, Hessien M. Insight into the role of clathrin-mediated endocytosis inhibitors in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Rev Med Virol 2023; 33:e2403. [PMID: 36345157 PMCID: PMC9877911 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants warrants sustainable efforts to upgrade both the diagnostic and therapeutic protocols. Understanding the details of cellular and molecular basis of the virus-host cell interaction is essential for developing variant-independent therapeutic options. The internalization of SARS-CoV-2, into lung epithelial cells, is mediated by endocytosis, especially clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). Although vaccination is the gold standard strategy against viral infection, selective inhibition of endocytic proteins, complexes, and associated adaptor proteins may present a variant-independent therapeutic strategy. Although clathrin and/or dynamins are the most important proteins involved in CME, other endocytic mechanisms are clathrin and/or dynamin independent and rely on other proteins. Moreover, endocytosis implicates some subcellular structures, like plasma membrane, actin and lysosomes. Also, physiological conditions, such as pH and ion concentrations, represent an additional factor that mediates these events. Accordingly, endocytosis related proteins are potential targets for small molecules that inhibit endocytosis-mediated viral entry. This review summarizes the potential of using small molecules, targeting key proteins, participating in clathrin-dependent and -independent endocytosis, as variant-independent antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The review takes two approaches. The first outlines the potential role of endocytic inhibitors in preventing endocytosis-mediated viral entry and its mechanism of action, whereas in the second computational analysis was implemented to investigate the selectivity of common inhibitors against endocytic proteins in SARS-CoV-2 endocytosis. The analysis revealed that remdesivir, methyl-β-cyclodextrin, rottlerin, and Bis-T can effectively inhibit clathrin, HMG-CoA reductase, actin, and dynamin I GTPase and are more potent in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 than chloroquine. CME inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 infection remain understudied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Sami Alkafaas
- Molecular Cell Biology UniteDivision of BiochemistryDepartment of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceTanta UniversityTantaEgypt
| | - Abanoub Mosaad Abdallah
- Narcotic Research DepartmentNational Center for Social and Criminological Research (NCSCR)GizaEgypt
| | - Soumya Ghosh
- Department of GeneticsFaculty of Natural and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of the Free StateBloemfonteinSouth Africa
| | - Samah A. Loutfy
- Virology and Immunology UnitCancer Biology DepartmentNational Cancer Institute (NCI)Cairo UniversityCairoEgypt
- Nanotechnology Research CenterBritish UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Sara Samy Elkafas
- Production Engineering and Mechanical Design DepartmentFaculty of EngineeringMenofia UniversityMenofiaEgypt
| | - Nasra F. Abdel Fattah
- Virology and Immunology UnitCancer Biology DepartmentNational Cancer Institute (NCI)Cairo UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Mohamed Hessien
- Molecular Cell Biology UniteDivision of BiochemistryDepartment of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceTanta UniversityTantaEgypt
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5
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Odell LR, Robertson MJ, Young KA, McGeachie AB, Quan A, Robinson PJ, McCluskey A. Prodrugs of the Archetypal Dynamin Inhibitor Bis-T-22. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200400. [PMID: 36351775 PMCID: PMC10947042 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The Bis-T series of compounds comprise some of the most potent inhibitors of dynamin GTPase activity yet reported, e. g., (2E,2'E)-N,N'-(propane-1,3-diyl)bis(2-cyano-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acrylamide) (2), Bis-T-22. The catechol moieties are believed to limit cell permeability, rendering these compounds largely inactive in cells. To solve this problem, a prodrug strategy was envisaged and eight ester analogues were synthesised. The shortest and bulkiest esters (acetate and butyl/tert-butyl) were found to be insoluble under physiological conditions, whilst the remaining five were soluble and stable under these conditions. These five were analysed for plasma stability and half-lives ranged from ∼2.3 min (propionic ester 4), increasing with size and bulk, to greater than 24 hr (dimethyl carbamate 10). Similar profiles where observed with the rate of formation of Bis-T-22 with half-lives ranging from ∼25 mins (propionic ester 4). Propionic ester 4 was chosen to undergo further testing and was found to inhibit endocytosis in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 ∼8 μM, suggesting this compound is able to effectively cross the cell membrane where it is rapidly hydrolysed to the desired Bis-T-22 parent compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke R. Odell
- The University of NewcastleUniversity DriveCallaghanNSW 2308Australia
- Present address: Department of Medicinal ChemistryUppsala UniversityBox 57475123UppsalaSweden
| | - Mark J Robertson
- The University of NewcastleUniversity DriveCallaghanNSW 2308Australia
- Present address: Chemistry, College of Science & EngineeringJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQLD 4814Australia
| | - Kelly A Young
- The University of NewcastleUniversity DriveCallaghanNSW 2308Australia
| | - Andrew B. McGeachie
- Cell Signalling UnitChildren's Medical Research InstituteThe University of Sydney214 Hawkesbury RoadWestmeadNSW 2145Australia
| | - Annie Quan
- Cell Signalling UnitChildren's Medical Research InstituteThe University of Sydney214 Hawkesbury RoadWestmeadNSW 2145Australia
| | - Phillip J. Robinson
- Cell Signalling UnitChildren's Medical Research InstituteThe University of Sydney214 Hawkesbury RoadWestmeadNSW 2145Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- The University of NewcastleUniversity DriveCallaghanNSW 2308Australia
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Kotzampasi DM, Premeti K, Papafotika A, Syropoulou V, Christoforidis S, Cournia Z, Leondaritis G. The orchestrated signaling by PI3Kα and PTEN at the membrane interface. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:5607-5621. [PMID: 36284707 PMCID: PMC9578963 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncogene PI3Kα and the tumor suppressor PTEN represent two antagonistic enzymatic activities that regulate the interconversion of the phosphoinositide lipids PI(4,5)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3 in membranes. As such, they are defining components of phosphoinositide-based cellular signaling and membrane trafficking pathways that regulate cell survival, growth, and proliferation, and are often deregulated in cancer. In this review, we highlight aspects of PI3Kα and PTEN interplay at the intersection of signaling and membrane trafficking. We also discuss the mechanisms of PI3Kα- and PTEN- membrane interaction and catalytic activation, which are fundamental for our understanding of the structural and allosteric implications on signaling at the membrane interface and may aid current efforts in pharmacological targeting of these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danai Maria Kotzampasi
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion 71500, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Premeti
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Alexandra Papafotika
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
- Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Syropoulou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Savvas Christoforidis
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
- Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Zoe Cournia
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - George Leondaritis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
- Institute of Biosciences, University Research Center of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
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Thomas CN, Alfahad N, Capewell N, Cowley J, Hickman E, Fernandez A, Harrison N, Qureshi OS, Bennett N, Barnes NM, Dick AD, Chu CJ, Liu X, Denniston AK, Vendrell M, Hill LJ. Triazole-derivatized near-infrared cyanine dyes enable local functional fluorescent imaging of ocular inflammation. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 216:114623. [PMID: 36029662 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) chemical fluorophores are promising tools for in-vivo imaging in real time but often succumb to rapid photodegradation. Indocyanine green (ICG) is the only NIR dye with regulatory approval for ocular imaging in humans; however, ICG, when employed for applications such as labelling immune cells, has limited sensitivity and does not allow precise detection of specific inflammatory events, for example leukocyte recruitment during uveitic flare-ups. We investigated the potential use of photostable novel triazole NIR cyanine (TNC) dyes for detecting and characterising activated T-cell activity within the eye. Three TNC dyes were evaluated for ocular cytotoxicity in-vitro using a MTT assay and optimised concentrations for intraocular detection within ex-vivo porcine eyes after topical application or intracameral injections of the dyes. TNC labelled T-cell tracking experiments and mechanistic studies were also performed in-vitro. TNC-1 and TNC-2 dyes exhibited greater fluorescence intensity than ICG at 10 μM, whereas TNC-3 was only detectable at 100 μM within the porcine eye. TNC dyes did not demonstrate any ocular cell toxicity at working concentrations of 10 μM. CD4+T-cells labelled with TNC-1 or TNC-2 were detected within the porcine eye, with TNC-1 being brighter than TNC-2. Detection of TNC-1 and TNC-2 into CD4+T-cells was prevented by prior incubation with dynole 34-2 (50 μM), suggesting active uptake of these dyes via dynamin-dependent processes. The present study provides evidence that TNC dyes are suitable to detect activated CD4+T-cells within the eye with potential as a diagnostic marker for ocular inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe N Thomas
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Nada Alfahad
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nicholas Capewell
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jamie Cowley
- Celentyx Ltd, Birmingham Research Park, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Eleanor Hickman
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Antonio Fernandez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Neale Harrison
- Celentyx Ltd, Birmingham Research Park, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Omar S Qureshi
- Celentyx Ltd, Birmingham Research Park, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Naomi Bennett
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Healthcare Technologies Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nicholas M Barnes
- Neuropharmacology Research Group, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew D Dick
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK; Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Bristol Medical School and School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Colin J Chu
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK; Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Bristol Medical School and School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Xiaoxuan Liu
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Birmingham Health Partners Centre for Regulatory Science and Innovation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Health Data Research UK, London, UK
| | - Alastair K Denniston
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK; Birmingham Health Partners Centre for Regulatory Science and Innovation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Health Data Research UK, London, UK; Centre for Patient Reported Outcomes Research, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Marc Vendrell
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lisa J Hill
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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8
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Baker JR, O'Brien NS, Prichard KL, Robinson PJ, McCluskey A, Russell CC. Dynole 34-2 and Acrylo-Dyn 2-30, Novel Dynamin GTPase Chemical Biology Probes. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2417:221-238. [PMID: 35099803 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1916-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This protocol describes the chemical synthesis of the dynamin inhibitors Dynole 34-2 and Acrylo-Dyn 2-30, and their chemical scaffold matched partner inactive compounds. The chosen active and inactive paired compounds represent potent dynamin inhibitors and very closely related dynamin-inactive compounds, with the synthesis of three of the four compounds readily possible via a common intermediate. Combined with the assay data provided, this allows the interrogation of dynamin in vitro and potentially in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Baker
- Chemistry, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas S O'Brien
- Chemistry, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Kate L Prichard
- Chemistry, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Phillip J Robinson
- Cell Signaling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- Chemistry, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Cecilia C Russell
- Chemistry, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
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9
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Chen M, Sun T, Zhong Y, Zhou X, Zhang J. A Highly Sensitive Fluorescent Akt Biosensor Reveals Lysosome-Selective Regulation of Lipid Second Messengers and Kinase Activity. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:2009-2020. [PMID: 34963894 PMCID: PMC8704034 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The serine/threonine protein kinase Akt regulates a wide range of cellular functions via phosphorylation of various substrates distributed throughout the cell, including at the plasma membrane and endomembrane compartments. Disruption of compartmentalized Akt signaling underlies the pathology of many diseases such as cancer and diabetes. However, the specific spatial organization of Akt activity and the underlying regulatory mechanisms, particularly the mechanism controlling its activity at the lysosome, are not clearly understood. We developed a highly sensitive excitation-ratiometric Akt activity reporter (ExRai-AktAR2), enabling the capture of minute changes in Akt activity dynamics at subcellular compartments. In conjunction with super-resolution expansion microscopy, we found that growth factor stimulation leads to increased colocalization of Akt with lysosomes and accumulation of lysosomal Akt activity. We further showed that 3-phosphoinositides (3-PIs) accumulate on the lysosomal surface, in a manner dependent on dynamin-mediated endocytosis. Importantly, lysosomal 3-PIs are needed for growth-factor-induced activities of Akt and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) on the lysosomal surface, as targeted depletion of 3-PIs has detrimental effects. Thus, 3-PIs, a class of critical lipid second messengers that are typically found in the plasma membrane, unexpectedly accumulate on the lysosomal membrane in response to growth factor stimulation, to direct the multifaceted kinase Akt to organize lysosome-specific signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Chen
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California,
San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Tengqian Sun
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of California,
San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Yanghao Zhong
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of California,
San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Biomedical
Sciences Graduate Program, University of
California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of California,
San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California,
San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of California,
San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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10
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Role of Endocytosis Proteins in Gefitinib-Mediated EGFR Internalisation in Glioma Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113258. [PMID: 34831480 PMCID: PMC8618144 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), a member of the ErbB tyrosine kinase receptor family, is a clinical therapeutic target in numerous solid tumours. EGFR overexpression in glioblastoma (GBM) drives cell invasion and tumour progression. However, clinical trials were disappointing, and a molecular basis to explain these poor results is still missing. EGFR endocytosis and membrane trafficking, which tightly regulate EGFR oncosignaling, are often dysregulated in glioma. In a previous work, we showed that EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as gefitinib, lead to enhanced EGFR endocytosis into fused early endosomes. Here, using pharmacological inhibitors, siRNA-mediated silencing, or expression of mutant proteins, we showed that dynamin 2 (DNM2), the small GTPase Rab5 and the endocytosis receptor LDL receptor-related protein 1 (LRP-1), contribute significantly to gefitinib-mediated EGFR endocytosis in glioma cells. Importantly, we showed that inhibition of DNM2 or LRP-1 also decreased glioma cell responsiveness to gefitinib during cell evasion from tumour spheroids. By highlighting the contribution of endocytosis proteins in the activity of gefitinib on glioma cells, this study suggests that endocytosis and membrane trafficking might be an attractive therapeutic target to improve GBM treatment.
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11
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Odell LR, Chau N, Russell CC, Young KA, Gilbert J, Robinson PJ, Sakoff JA, McCluskey A. Pyrimidyn-Based Dynamin Inhibitors as Novel Cytotoxic Agents. ChemMedChem 2021; 17:e202100560. [PMID: 34590434 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Five focused libraries of pyrimidine-based dynamin GTPase inhibitors, in total 69 compounds were synthesised, and their dynamin inhibition and broad-spectrum cytotoxicity examined. Dynamin plays a crucial role in mitosis, and as such inhibition of dynamin was expected to broadly correlate with the observed cytotoxicity. The pyrimidines synthesised ranged from mono-substituted to trisubstituted. The highest levels of dynamin inhibition were noted with di- and tri- substituted pyrimidines, especially those with pendent amino alkyl chains. Short chains and simple heterocyclic rings reduced dynamin activity. There were three levels of dynamin activity noted: 1-10, 10-25 and 25-60 μM. Screening of these compounds in a panel of cancer cell lines: SW480 (colon), HT29 (colon), SMA (spontaneous murine astrocytoma), MCF-7 (breast), BE2-C (glioblastoma), SJ-G2 (neuroblastoma), MIA (pancreas), A2780 (ovarian), A431 (skin), H460 (lung), U87 (glioblastoma) and DU145 (prostate) cell lines reveal a good correlation between the observed dynamin inhibition and the observed cytotoxicity. The most active analogues (31 a,b) developed returned average GI50 values of 1.0 and 0.78 μM across the twelve cell lines examined. These active analogues were: N2 -(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N4 -dodecyl-6-methylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine (31 a) and N4 -(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N2 -dodecyl-6-methylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine (31 b).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke R Odell
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ngoc Chau
- Cell Signalling Unit Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145 Hawkesbury Road, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Cecilia C Russell
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Kelly A Young
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Jayne Gilbert
- Experimental Therapeutics Group, Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Edith Street, Waratah, NSW 2298, Australia
| | - Phillip J Robinson
- Cell Signalling Unit Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2145 Hawkesbury Road, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Jennette A Sakoff
- Experimental Therapeutics Group, Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Edith Street, Waratah, NSW 2298, Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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12
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Tremblay CS, Ting SB, McCluskey A, Robinson PJ, Curtis DJ. Shutting the gate: targeting endocytosis in acute leukemia. Exp Hematol 2021; 104:17-31. [PMID: 34563604 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Endocytosis entails selective packaging of cell surface cargos in cytoplasmic vesicles, thereby controlling key intrinsic cellular processes as well as the response of normal and malignant cells to their microenvironment. The purpose of this review is to outline the latest advances in the development of endocytosis-targeting therapeutic strategies in hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric S Tremblay
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Stephen B Ting
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Clinical Haematology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia; Department of Clinical Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Phillip J Robinson
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Cell Signalling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David J Curtis
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Clinical Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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13
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Chemical Inhibitors of Dynamin Exert Differential Effects in VEGF Signaling. Cells 2021; 10:cells10050997. [PMID: 33922806 PMCID: PMC8145957 DOI: 10.3390/cells10050997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
VEGFR2 is the main receptor and mediator of the vasculogenic and angiogenic activity of VEGF. Activated VEGFR2 internalizes through clathrin-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis. As dynamin is a key regulator of the clathrin pathway, chemical inhibitors of dynamin are commonly used to assess the role of the clathrin route in receptor signaling. However, drugs may also exert off-target effects. Here, we compare the effects of three dynamin inhibitors, dynasore, dyngo 4a and dynole, on VEGFR2 internalization and signaling. Although these drugs consistently inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis of both transferrin (a typical cargo of this route) and VEGFR2, surprisingly, they exert contradictory effects in receptor signaling. Thus, while dynasore has no effect on phosphorylation of VEGFR2, the other two drugs are strong inhibitors. Furthermore, although dyngo does not interfere with phosphorylation of Akt, dynasore and dynole have a strong inhibitory effect. These inconsistent effects suggest that the above dynamin blockers, besides inhibiting dynamin-dependent endocytosis of VEGFR2, exert additional inhibitory effects on signaling that are independent of endocytosis; i.e., they are due to off-target effects. Using a recently developed protocol, we comparatively validate the specificity of two endocytic inhibitors, dynasore and EIPA. Our findings highlight the importance of assessing whether the effect of an endocytic drug on signaling is specifically due to its interference with endocytosis or due to off-targets.
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14
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Kaur S, Chen Y, Shenoy SK. Agonist-activated glucagon receptors are deubiquitinated at early endosomes by two distinct deubiquitinases to facilitate Rab4a-dependent recycling. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:16630-16642. [PMID: 32967969 PMCID: PMC7864061 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The glucagon receptor (GCGR) activated by the peptide hormone glucagon is a seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that regulates blood glucose levels. Ubiquitination influences trafficking and signaling of many GPCRs, but its characterization for the GCGR is lacking. Using endocytic colocalization and ubiquitination assays, we have identified a correlation between the ubiquitination profile and recycling of the GCGR. Our experiments revealed that GCGRs are constitutively ubiquitinated at the cell surface. Glucagon stimulation not only promoted GCGR endocytic trafficking through Rab5a early endosomes and Rab4a recycling endosomes, but also induced rapid deubiquitination of GCGRs. Inhibiting GCGR internalization or disrupting endocytic trafficking prevented agonist-induced deubiquitination of the GCGR. Furthermore, a Rab4a dominant negative (DN) that blocks trafficking at recycling endosomes enabled GCGR deubiquitination, whereas a Rab5a DN that blocks trafficking at early endosomes eliminated agonist-induced GCGR deubiquitination. By down-regulating candidate deubiquitinases that are either linked with GPCR trafficking or localized on endosomes, we identified signal-transducing adaptor molecule-binding protein (STAMBP) and ubiquitin-specific protease 33 (USP33) as cognate deubiquitinases for the GCGR. Our data suggest that USP33 constitutively deubiquitinates the GCGR, whereas both STAMBP and USP33 deubiquitinate agonist-activated GCGRs at early endosomes. A mutant GCGR with all five intracellular lysines altered to arginines remains deubiquitinated and shows augmented trafficking to Rab4a recycling endosomes compared with the WT, thus affirming the role of deubiquitination in GCGR recycling. We conclude that the GCGRs are rapidly deubiquitinated after agonist-activation to facilitate Rab4a-dependent recycling and that USP33 and STAMBP activities are critical for the endocytic recycling of the GCGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneet Kaur
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sudha K Shenoy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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15
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Tremblay CS, Chiu SK, Saw J, McCalmont H, Litalien V, Boyle J, Sonderegger SE, Chau N, Evans K, Cerruti L, Salmon JM, McCluskey A, Lock RB, Robinson PJ, Jane SM, Curtis DJ. Small molecule inhibition of Dynamin-dependent endocytosis targets multiple niche signals and impairs leukemia stem cells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6211. [PMID: 33277497 PMCID: PMC7719179 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20091-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intensive chemotherapy for acute leukemia can usually induce complete remission, but fails in many patients to eradicate the leukemia stem cells responsible for relapse. There is accumulating evidence that these relapse-inducing cells are maintained and protected by signals provided by the microenvironment. Thus, inhibition of niche signals is a proposed strategy to target leukemia stem cells but this requires knowledge of the critical signals and may be subject to compensatory mechanisms. Signals from the niche require receptor-mediated endocytosis, a generic process dependent on the Dynamin family of large GTPases. Here, we show that Dynole 34-2, a potent inhibitor of Dynamin GTPase activity, can block transduction of key signalling pathways and overcome chemoresistance of leukemia stem cells. Our results provide a significant conceptual advance in therapeutic strategies for acute leukemia that may be applicable to other malignancies in which signals from the niche are involved in disease progression and chemoresistance. The tumour microenvironment provides signals to support leukaemic stem cells (LSC) maintenance and chemoresistance. Here, the authors show that disrupting niche-associated signalling by inhibiting receptor-mediated endocytosis with a dynamin GTPase inhibitor overcomes chemoresistance of LSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric S Tremblay
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Sung Kai Chiu
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Haematology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jesslyn Saw
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hannah McCalmont
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Veronique Litalien
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Boyle
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stefan E Sonderegger
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ngoc Chau
- Cell Signalling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kathryn Evans
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Loretta Cerruti
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jessica M Salmon
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- Chemistry, Centre for Chemical Biology, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard B Lock
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Phillip J Robinson
- Cell Signalling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen M Jane
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Haematology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David J Curtis
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Haematology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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16
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Ferreira T, Kulkarni A, Bretscher C, Richter K, Ehrlich M, Marchini A. Oncolytic H-1 Parvovirus Enters Cancer Cells through Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis. Viruses 2020; 12:v12101199. [PMID: 33096814 PMCID: PMC7594094 DOI: 10.3390/v12101199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
H-1 protoparvovirus (H-1PV) is a self-propagating virus that is non-pathogenic in humans and has oncolytic and oncosuppressive activities. H-1PV is the first member of the Parvoviridae family to undergo clinical testing as an anticancer agent. Results from clinical trials in patients with glioblastoma or pancreatic carcinoma show that virus treatment is safe, well-tolerated and associated with first signs of efficacy. Characterisation of the H-1PV life cycle may help to improve its efficacy and clinical outcome. In this study, we investigated the entry route of H-1PV in cervical carcinoma HeLa and glioma NCH125 cell lines. Using electron and confocal microscopy, we detected H-1PV particles within clathrin-coated pits and vesicles, providing evidence that the virus uses clathrin-mediated endocytosis for cell entry. In agreement with these results, we found that blocking clathrin-mediated endocytosis using specific inhibitors or small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of its key regulator, AP2M1, markedly reduced H-1PV entry. By contrast, we found no evidence of viral entry through caveolae-mediated endocytosis. We also show that H-1PV entry is dependent on dynamin, while viral trafficking occurs from early to late endosomes, with acidic pH necessary for a productive infection. This is the first study that characterises the cell entry pathways of oncolytic H-1PV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Ferreira
- Laboratory of Oncolytic Virus Immuno-Therapeutics, German Cancer Research Centre, Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (T.F.); (C.B.)
| | - Amit Kulkarni
- Laboratory of Oncolytic Virus Immuno-Therapeutics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 84 Val Fleuri, L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg;
| | - Clemens Bretscher
- Laboratory of Oncolytic Virus Immuno-Therapeutics, German Cancer Research Centre, Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (T.F.); (C.B.)
| | - Karsten Richter
- Core Facility Electron Microscopy, German Cancer Research Centre, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Marcelo Ehrlich
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Membrane Biology, The Shumins School for Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel;
| | - Antonio Marchini
- Laboratory of Oncolytic Virus Immuno-Therapeutics, German Cancer Research Centre, Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (T.F.); (C.B.)
- Laboratory of Oncolytic Virus Immuno-Therapeutics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 84 Val Fleuri, L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +49-6221-424969 or +352-26-970-856
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17
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Gorshkov K, Susumu K, Chen J, Xu M, Pradhan M, Zhu W, Hu X, Breger JC, Wolak M, Oh E. Quantum Dot-Conjugated SARS-CoV-2 Spike Pseudo-Virions Enable Tracking of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 Binding and Endocytosis. ACS NANO 2020; 14:12234-12247. [PMID: 32845122 PMCID: PMC7482579 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The first step of SARS-CoV-2 infection is binding of the spike protein's receptor binding domain to the host cell's ACE2 receptor on the plasma membrane. Here, we have generated a versatile imaging probe using recombinant Spike receptor binding domain conjugated to fluorescent quantum dots (QDs). This probe is capable of engaging in energy transfer quenching with ACE2-conjugated gold nanoparticles to enable monitoring of the binding event in solution. Neutralizing antibodies and recombinant human ACE2 blocked quenching, demonstrating a specific binding interaction. In cells transfected with ACE2-GFP, we observed immediate binding of the probe on the cell surface followed by endocytosis. Neutralizing antibodies and ACE2-Fc fully prevented binding and endocytosis with low nanomolar potency. Importantly, we will be able to use this QD nanoparticle probe to identify and validate inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike and ACE2 receptor binding in human cells. This work enables facile, rapid, and high-throughput cell-based screening of inhibitors for coronavirus Spike-mediated cell recognition and entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Gorshkov
- National
Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Kimihiro Susumu
- Optical
Sciences Division, Code 5600, Naval Research
Laboratory, 4555 Overlook
Avenue S.W., Washington, D.C. 20375, United
States
- Jacobs
Corporation, Hanover, Maryland 21076, United
States
| | - Jiji Chen
- Advanced
Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National
Institutes of Health, 13 South Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United
States
| | - Miao Xu
- National
Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Manisha Pradhan
- National
Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Wei Zhu
- National
Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Xin Hu
- National
Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Joyce C. Breger
- Center
for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue S.W., Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Mason Wolak
- Optical
Sciences Division, Code 5600, Naval Research
Laboratory, 4555 Overlook
Avenue S.W., Washington, D.C. 20375, United
States
| | - Eunkeu Oh
- Optical
Sciences Division, Code 5600, Naval Research
Laboratory, 4555 Overlook
Avenue S.W., Washington, D.C. 20375, United
States
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18
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Endosomal signaling of delta opioid receptors is an endogenous mechanism and therapeutic target for relief from inflammatory pain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:15281-15292. [PMID: 32546520 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2000500117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether G protein-coupled receptors signal from endosomes to control important pathophysiological processes and are therapeutic targets is uncertain. We report that opioids from the inflamed colon activate δ-opioid receptors (DOPr) in endosomes of nociceptors. Biopsy samples of inflamed colonic mucosa from patients and mice with colitis released opioids that activated DOPr on nociceptors to cause a sustained decrease in excitability. DOPr agonists inhibited mechanically sensitive colonic nociceptors. DOPr endocytosis and endosomal signaling by protein kinase C (PKC) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways mediated the sustained inhibitory actions of endogenous opioids and DOPr agonists. DOPr agonists stimulated the recruitment of Gαi/o and β-arrestin1/2 to endosomes. Analysis of compartmentalized signaling revealed a requirement of DOPr endocytosis for activation of PKC at the plasma membrane and in the cytosol and ERK in the nucleus. We explored a nanoparticle delivery strategy to evaluate whether endosomal DOPr might be a therapeutic target for pain. The DOPr agonist DADLE was coupled to a liposome shell for targeting DOPr-positive nociceptors and incorporated into a mesoporous silica core for release in the acidic and reducing endosomal environment. Nanoparticles activated DOPr at the plasma membrane, were preferentially endocytosed by DOPr-expressing cells, and were delivered to DOPr-positive early endosomes. Nanoparticles caused a long-lasting activation of DOPr in endosomes, which provided sustained inhibition of nociceptor excitability and relief from inflammatory pain. Conversely, nanoparticles containing a DOPr antagonist abolished the sustained inhibitory effects of DADLE. Thus, DOPr in endosomes is an endogenous mechanism and a therapeutic target for relief from chronic inflammatory pain.
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19
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Host membrane lipids are trafficked to membranes of intravacuolar bacterium Ehrlichia chaffeensis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:8032-8043. [PMID: 32193339 PMCID: PMC7149431 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1921619117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a cholesterol-rich and cholesterol-dependent obligate intracellular bacterium, partially lacks genes for glycerophospholipid biosynthesis. We found here that E. chaffeensis is dependent on host glycerolipid biosynthesis, as an inhibitor of host long-chain acyl CoA synthetases, key enzymes for glycerolipid biosynthesis, significantly reduced bacterial proliferation. E. chaffeensis cannot synthesize phosphatidylcholine or cholesterol but encodes enzymes for phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis; however, exogenous NBD-phosphatidylcholine, Bodipy-PE, and TopFluor-cholesterol were rapidly trafficked to ehrlichiae in infected cells. DiI (3,3'-dioctadecylindocarbocyanine)-prelabeled host-cell membranes were unidirectionally trafficked to Ehrlichia inclusion and bacterial membranes, but DiI-prelabeled Ehrlichia membranes were not trafficked to host-cell membranes. The trafficking of host-cell membranes to Ehrlichia inclusions was dependent on both host endocytic and autophagic pathways, and bacterial protein synthesis, as the respective inhibitors blocked both infection and trafficking of DiI-labeled host membranes to Ehrlichia In addition, DiI-labeled host-cell membranes were trafficked to autophagosomes induced by the E. chaffeensis type IV secretion system effector Etf-1, which traffic to and fuse with Ehrlichia inclusions. Cryosections of infected cells revealed numerous membranous vesicles inside inclusions, as well as multivesicular bodies docked on the inclusion surface, both of which were immunogold-labeled by a GFP-tagged 2×FYVE protein that binds to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. Focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy of infected cells validated numerous membranous structures inside bacteria-containing inclusions. Our results support the notion that Ehrlichia inclusions are amphisomes formed through fusion of early endosomes, multivesicular bodies, and early autophagosomes induced by Etf-1, and they provide host-cell glycerophospholipids and cholesterol that are necessary for bacterial proliferation.
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20
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O'Brien NS, McCluskey A. A Facile Microwave and SnCl2 Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones. Aust J Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/ch20101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
An elegantly simple, facile, and robust approach to a scaffold of biological importance, 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones, is reported. A catalytic 1% SnCl2/microwave-mediated approach afforded access to pure material, collected by cooling and filtration after 20-min microwave irradiation at 120°C. A total of 41 analogues were prepared in isolated yields of 17–99%. This process was highly tolerant of aliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic, and acyclic aldehydes, but furan, pyrrole, and thiophene aldehyde reactivity correlated with propensity towards electrophilic addition and/or Diels–Alder addition. As a result, thiophene afforded high yields (80%) whereas pyrrole carboxaldehyde failed to react. With simple cinnamaldehydes, and in the SbCl3-mediated reaction, and with α,β-unsaturated aldehydes the equivalent quinazolin-4(3H)-ones, and not the 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones, was favoured.
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21
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Cao Z, Gao F, Zhao J, Lin C, Zhong J, Chen F, Zhu Y, Yi P, Shen L. Ambient Cross-linking System Based on the Knoevenagel Condensation Reaction between Acetoacetylated Sucrose and Aromatic Dicarboxaldehydes. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:20724-20731. [PMID: 31858058 PMCID: PMC6906949 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An ambient cross-linking system based on the Knoevenagel condensation reaction between acetoacetylated sucrose and aromatic dicarboxaldehydes was demonstrated. In this study, we use a rheological instrument to measure the gel time to predict and elucidate the likely reaction mechanism of the system, and we prepare films based on the mechanistic results. Acetoacetylated sucrose and 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxaldehyde were used as raw materials, piperidine was used as the catalyst, and nonvolatile dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as the solvent. After mixing 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxaldehyde and piperidine for 30 min, the acetoacetylated sucrose was added, thus producing the shortest gel time. Then, the gel was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In addition, three films were prepared by this approach with different aromatic dicarboxaldehydes, and the properties of the coatings were characterized by differential scanning calorimeter, dynamic mechanical analysis thermogravimetric analysis, and swelling ratio. It was found that these films have high Young's modulus, high glass transition temperatures, high pencil hardnesses, and low swelling ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Cao
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory
of Waterborne
Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Fei Gao
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory
of Waterborne
Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Jinze Zhao
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory
of Waterborne
Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Cong Lin
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory
of Waterborne
Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zhong
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory
of Waterborne
Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Fengbiao Chen
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory
of Waterborne
Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Zhu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory
of Waterborne
Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Pingping Yi
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory
of Waterborne
Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Liang Shen
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory
of Waterborne
Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
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22
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Ramírez-García PD, Retamal JS, Shenoy P, Imlach W, Sykes M, Truong N, Constandil L, Pelissier T, Nowell CJ, Khor SY, Layani LM, Lumb C, Poole DP, Lieu T, Stewart GD, Mai QN, Jensen DD, Latorre R, Scheff NN, Schmidt BL, Quinn JF, Whittaker MR, Veldhuis NA, Davis TP, Bunnett NW. A pH-responsive nanoparticle targets the neurokinin 1 receptor in endosomes to prevent chronic pain. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 14:1150-1159. [PMID: 31686009 PMCID: PMC7765343 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-019-0568-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery is especially useful for targets within endosomes because of the endosomal transport mechanisms of many nanomedicines within cells. Here, we report the design of a pH-responsive, soft polymeric nanoparticle for the targeting of acidified endosomes to precisely inhibit endosomal signalling events leading to chronic pain. In chronic pain, the substance P (SP) neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) redistributes from the plasma membrane to acidified endosomes, where it signals to maintain pain. Therefore, the NK1R in endosomes provides an important target for pain relief. The pH-responsive nanoparticles enter cells by clathrin- and dynamin-dependent endocytosis and accumulate in NK1R-containing endosomes. Following intrathecal injection into rodents, the nanoparticles, containing the FDA-approved NK1R antagonist aprepitant, inhibit SP-induced activation of spinal neurons and thus prevent pain transmission. Treatment with the nanoparticles leads to complete and persistent relief from nociceptive, inflammatory and neuropathic nociception and offers a much-needed non-opioid treatment option for chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina D Ramírez-García
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeffri S Retamal
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Priyank Shenoy
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wendy Imlach
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew Sykes
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nghia Truong
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luis Constandil
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), University of Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Teresa Pelissier
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), University of Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cameron J Nowell
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Song Y Khor
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louis M Layani
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chris Lumb
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel P Poole
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - TinaMarie Lieu
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gregory D Stewart
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Quynh N Mai
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dane D Jensen
- Departments of Surgery and Pharmacology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York , NY, USA
| | - Rocco Latorre
- Departments of Surgery and Pharmacology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York , NY, USA
| | - Nicole N Scheff
- Bluestone Centre for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian L Schmidt
- Bluestone Centre for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - John F Quinn
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael R Whittaker
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Veldhuis
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Thomas P Davis
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Nigel W Bunnett
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Departments of Surgery and Pharmacology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York , NY, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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23
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Ye R, Pi M, Nooh MM, Bahout SW, Quarles LD. Human GPRC6A Mediates Testosterone-Induced Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and mTORC1 Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells. Mol Pharmacol 2019; 95:563-572. [PMID: 30894404 DOI: 10.1124/mol.118.115014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor family C group 6 member A (GPRC6A) is activated by testosterone and modulates prostate cancer progression. Most humans have a GPRC6A variant that contains a recently evolved KGKY insertion/deletion in the third intracellular loop (ICL3) (designated as GPRC6AICL3_KGKY) that replaces the ancestral KGRKLP sequence (GPRC6AICL3_RKLP) present in all other species. In vitro assays purport that human GPRC6AICL3_KGKY is retained intracellularly and lacks function. These findings contrast with ligand-dependent activation and coupling to mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling of endogenous human GPRC6AICL3_KGKY in PC-3 cells. To understand these discrepant results, we expressed mouse (mGPRC6AICL3_KGRKLP), human (hGPRC6AICL3_KGKY), and humanized mouse (mGPRC6AICL3_KGKY) GPRC6A into human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Our results demonstrate that mGPRC6AICL3_KGRKLP acts as a classic G protein-coupled receptor, which is expressed at the cell membrane and internalizes in response to ligand activation by testosterone. In contrast, hGPRC6AICL3_KGKY and humanized mouse mGPRC6AICL3_KGKY are retained intracellularly in ligand naive cells, yet exhibit β-arrestin-dependent signaling responses, mitogen-activated protein kinase [i.e., extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)], and p70S6 kinase phosphorylation in response to testosterone, indicating that hGPRC6AICL3_KGKY is functional. Indeed, testosterone stimulates time- and dose-dependent activation of ERK, protein kinase B, and mTORC1 signaling in wild-type PC-3 cells that express endogenous GPRC6AICL3_KGKY In addition, testosterone stimulates GPRC6A-dependent cell proliferation in wild-type PC-3 cells and inhibits autophagy by activating mTORC1 effectors eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 and Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1. Testosterone activation of GPRC6A has the obligate requirement for calcium in the incubation media. In contrast, in GPRC6A-deficient cells, the effect of testosterone to activate downstream signaling is abolished, indicating that human GPRC6A is required for mediating the effects of testosterone on cell proliferation and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruisong Ye
- Departments of Medicine (R.Y., M.P., L.D.Q.) and Pharmacology (S.W.B.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt (M.M.N.)
| | - Min Pi
- Departments of Medicine (R.Y., M.P., L.D.Q.) and Pharmacology (S.W.B.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt (M.M.N.)
| | - Mohammed M Nooh
- Departments of Medicine (R.Y., M.P., L.D.Q.) and Pharmacology (S.W.B.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt (M.M.N.)
| | - Suleiman W Bahout
- Departments of Medicine (R.Y., M.P., L.D.Q.) and Pharmacology (S.W.B.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt (M.M.N.)
| | - L Darryl Quarles
- Departments of Medicine (R.Y., M.P., L.D.Q.) and Pharmacology (S.W.B.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt (M.M.N.)
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24
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Graab P, Bock C, Weiss K, Hirth A, Koller N, Braner M, Jung J, Loehr F, Tampé R, Behrends C, Abele R. Lysosomal targeting of the ABC transporter TAPL is determined by membrane-localized charged residues. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:7308-7323. [PMID: 30877195 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.007071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The human lysosomal polypeptide ABC transporter TAPL (ABC subfamily B member 9, ABCB9) transports 6-59-amino-acid-long polypeptides from the cytosol into lysosomes. The subcellular localization of TAPL depends solely on its N-terminal transmembrane domain, TMD0, which lacks conventional targeting sequences. However, the intracellular route and the molecular mechanisms that control TAPL localization remain unclear. Here, we delineated the route of TAPL to lysosomes and investigated the determinants of single trafficking steps. By synchronizing trafficking events by a retention using selective hooks (RUSH) assay and visualizing individual intermediate steps through immunostaining and confocal microscopy, we demonstrate that TAPL takes the direct route to lysosomes. We further identified conserved charged residues within TMD0 transmembrane helices that are essential for individual steps of lysosomal targeting. Substitutions of these residues retained TAPL in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or Golgi. We also observed that for release from the ER, a salt bridge between Asp-17 and Arg-57 is essential. An interactome analysis revealed that Yip1-interacting factor homolog B membrane-trafficking protein (YIF1B) interacts with TAPL. We also found that YIF1B is involved in ER-to-Golgi trafficking and interacts with TMD0 of TAPL via its transmembrane domain and that this interaction strongly depends on the newly identified salt bridge within TMD0. These results expand our knowledge about lysosomal trafficking of TAPL and the general function of extra transmembrane domains of ABC transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jennifer Jung
- the Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical School, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and
| | - Frank Loehr
- the Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Robert Tampé
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, and
| | - Christian Behrends
- the Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical School, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and.,the Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Rupert Abele
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, and
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25
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Rabai A, Reisser L, Reina-San-Martin B, Mamchaoui K, Cowling BS, Nicot AS, Laporte J. Allele-Specific CRISPR/Cas9 Correction of a Heterozygous DNM2 Mutation Rescues Centronuclear Myopathy Cell Phenotypes. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 16:246-256. [PMID: 30925452 PMCID: PMC6439232 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Genome editing with the CRISPR/Cas9 technology has emerged recently as a potential strategy for therapy in genetic diseases. For dominant mutations linked to gain-of-function effects, allele-specific correction may be the most suitable approach. In this study, we tested allele-specific inactivation or correction of a heterozygous mutation in the Dynamin 2 (DNM2) gene that causes the autosomal dominant form of centronuclear myopathies (CNMs), a rare muscle disorder belonging to the large group of congenital myopathies. Truncated single-guide RNAs targeting specifically the mutated allele were tested on cells derived from a mouse model and patients. The mutated allele was successfully targeted in patient fibroblasts and Dnm2R465W/+ mouse myoblasts, and clones were obtained with precise genome correction or inactivation. Dnm2R465W/+ myoblasts showed an alteration in transferrin uptake and autophagy. Specific inactivation or correction of the mutated allele rescued these phenotypes. These findings illustrate the potential of CRISPR/Cas9 to target and correct in an allele-specific manner heterozygous point mutations leading to a gain-of-function effect, and to rescue autosomal dominant CNM-related phenotypes. This strategy may be suitable for a large number of diseases caused by germline or somatic mutations resulting in a gain-of-function mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymen Rabai
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch 67404, France; INSERM U1258, Illkirch 67404, France; CNRS UMR7104, Illkirch 67404, France; Strasbourg University, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Léa Reisser
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch 67404, France; INSERM U1258, Illkirch 67404, France; CNRS UMR7104, Illkirch 67404, France; Strasbourg University, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Bernardo Reina-San-Martin
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch 67404, France; INSERM U1258, Illkirch 67404, France; CNRS UMR7104, Illkirch 67404, France; Strasbourg University, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Kamel Mamchaoui
- UMR S787, Institut de Myologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Belinda S Cowling
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch 67404, France; INSERM U1258, Illkirch 67404, France; CNRS UMR7104, Illkirch 67404, France; Strasbourg University, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Nicot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch 67404, France; INSERM U1258, Illkirch 67404, France; CNRS UMR7104, Illkirch 67404, France; Strasbourg University, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Jocelyn Laporte
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch 67404, France; INSERM U1258, Illkirch 67404, France; CNRS UMR7104, Illkirch 67404, France; Strasbourg University, Illkirch 67404, France.
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26
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Jimenez-Vargas NN, Pattison LA, Zhao P, Lieu T, Latorre R, Jensen DD, Castro J, Aurelio L, Le GT, Flynn B, Herenbrink CK, Yeatman HR, Edgington-Mitchell L, Porter CJH, Halls ML, Canals M, Veldhuis NA, Poole DP, McLean P, Hicks GA, Scheff N, Chen E, Bhattacharya A, Schmidt BL, Brierley SM, Vanner SJ, Bunnett NW. Protease-activated receptor-2 in endosomes signals persistent pain of irritable bowel syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E7438-E7447. [PMID: 30012612 PMCID: PMC6077730 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721891115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Once activated at the surface of cells, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) redistribute to endosomes, where they can continue to signal. Whether GPCRs in endosomes generate signals that contribute to human disease is unknown. We evaluated endosomal signaling of protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2), which has been proposed to mediate pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Trypsin, elastase, and cathepsin S, which are activated in the colonic mucosa of patients with IBS and in experimental animals with colitis, caused persistent PAR2-dependent hyperexcitability of nociceptors, sensitization of colonic afferent neurons to mechanical stimuli, and somatic mechanical allodynia. Inhibitors of clathrin- and dynamin-dependent endocytosis and of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-1 prevented trypsin-induced hyperexcitability, sensitization, and allodynia. However, they did not affect elastase- or cathepsin S-induced hyperexcitability, sensitization, or allodynia. Trypsin stimulated endocytosis of PAR2, which signaled from endosomes to activate extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Elastase and cathepsin S did not stimulate endocytosis of PAR2, which signaled from the plasma membrane to activate adenylyl cyclase. Biopsies of colonic mucosa from IBS patients released proteases that induced persistent PAR2-dependent hyperexcitability of nociceptors, and PAR2 association with β-arrestins, which mediate endocytosis. Conjugation to cholestanol promoted delivery and retention of antagonists in endosomes containing PAR2 A cholestanol-conjugated PAR2 antagonist prevented persistent trypsin- and IBS protease-induced hyperexcitability of nociceptors. The results reveal that PAR2 signaling from endosomes underlies the persistent hyperexcitability of nociceptors that mediates chronic pain of IBS. Endosomally targeted PAR2 antagonists are potential therapies for IBS pain. GPCRs in endosomes transmit signals that contribute to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nestor N Jimenez-Vargas
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Luke A Pattison
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Peishen Zhao
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - TinaMarie Lieu
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Rocco Latorre
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Dane D Jensen
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Joel Castro
- Visceral Pain Research Group, Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Luigi Aurelio
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Giang T Le
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Bernard Flynn
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Carmen Klein Herenbrink
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Holly R Yeatman
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Laura Edgington-Mitchell
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Christopher J H Porter
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Michelle L Halls
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Meritxell Canals
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Veldhuis
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Daniel P Poole
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Peter McLean
- Gastrointestinal Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Gareth A Hicks
- Gastrointestinal Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Nicole Scheff
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010
| | - Elyssa Chen
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010
| | - Aditi Bhattacharya
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010
| | - Brian L Schmidt
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010
| | - Stuart M Brierley
- Visceral Pain Research Group, Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Stephen J Vanner
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Nigel W Bunnett
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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27
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Meng J. Distinct functions of dynamin isoforms in tumorigenesis and their potential as therapeutic targets in cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:41701-41716. [PMID: 28402939 PMCID: PMC5522257 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamins and their related proteins participate in the regulation of neurotransmission, antigen presentation, receptor internalization, growth factor signalling, nutrient uptake, and pathogen infection. Recently, emerging findings have shown dynamin proteins can also contribute to the genesis of cancer. This up-to-date review herein focuses on the functionality of dynamin in cancer development. Dynamin 1 and 2 both enhance cancer cell proliferation, tumor invasion and metastasis, whereas dynamin 3 has tumor suppression role. Antisense RNAs encoded on the DNA strand opposite a dynamin gene regulate the function of dynamin, and manipulate oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Certain dynamin-related proteins are also upregulated in distinct cancer conditions, resulting in apoptotic resistance, cell migration and poor prognosis. Altogether, dynamins are potential biomarkers as well as representing promising novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. This study also summarizes the current available dynamin-targeted therapeutics and suggests the potential strategy based on signalling pathways involved, providing important information to aid the future development of novel cancer therapeutics by targeting these dynamin family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghui Meng
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,International Centre for Neurotherapeutics, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
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28
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Jensen DD, Lieu T, Halls ML, Veldhuis NA, Imlach WL, Mai QN, Poole DP, Quach T, Aurelio L, Conner J, Herenbrink CK, Barlow N, Simpson JS, Scanlon MJ, Graham B, McCluskey A, Robinson PJ, Escriou V, Nassini R, Materazzi S, Geppetti P, Hicks GA, Christie MJ, Porter CJH, Canals M, Bunnett NW. Neurokinin 1 receptor signaling in endosomes mediates sustained nociception and is a viable therapeutic target for prolonged pain relief. Sci Transl Med 2018; 9:9/392/eaal3447. [PMID: 28566424 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aal3447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Typically considered to be cell surface sensors of extracellular signals, heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors (GPCRs) control many pathophysiological processes and are the target of 30% of therapeutic drugs. Activated receptors redistribute to endosomes, but researchers have yet to explore whether endosomal receptors generate signals that control complex processes in vivo and are viable therapeutic targets. We report that the substance P (SP) neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) signals from endosomes to induce sustained excitation of spinal neurons and pain transmission and that specific antagonism of the NK1R in endosomes with membrane-anchored drug conjugates provides more effective and sustained pain relief than conventional plasma membrane-targeted antagonists. Pharmacological and genetic disruption of clathrin, dynamin, and β-arrestin blocked SP-induced NK1R endocytosis and prevented SP-stimulated activation of cytosolic protein kinase C and nuclear extracellular signal-regulated kinase, as well as transcription. Endocytosis inhibitors prevented sustained SP-induced excitation of neurons in spinal cord slices in vitro and attenuated nociception in vivo. When conjugated to cholestanol to promote endosomal targeting, NK1R antagonists selectively inhibited endosomal signaling and sustained neuronal excitation. Cholestanol conjugation amplified and prolonged the antinociceptive actions of NK1R antagonists. These results reveal a critical role for endosomal signaling of the NK1R in the complex pathophysiology of pain and demonstrate the use of endosomally targeted GPCR antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dane D Jensen
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - TinaMarie Lieu
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Michelle L Halls
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Veldhuis
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Wendy L Imlach
- Discipline of Pharmacology, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Quynh N Mai
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Daniel P Poole
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Tim Quach
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Luigi Aurelio
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Joshua Conner
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Carmen Klein Herenbrink
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Nicholas Barlow
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jamie S Simpson
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Martin J Scanlon
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Bimbil Graham
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Phillip J Robinson
- Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2145, Australia
| | - Virginie Escriou
- Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Sante, CNRS UMR8258, INSERM U1022, Université Paris Descartes, Chimie ParisTech, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Romina Nassini
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence, 6-50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Serena Materazzi
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence, 6-50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Geppetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence, 6-50139 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Macdonald J Christie
- Discipline of Pharmacology, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Christopher J H Porter
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. .,Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Meritxell Canals
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. .,Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Nigel W Bunnett
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. .,Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.,Departments of Surgery and Pharmacology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 21 Audubon Avenue, Room 209, New York City, NY 10032, USA
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29
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Yarwood RE, Imlach WL, Lieu T, Veldhuis NA, Jensen DD, Klein Herenbrink C, Aurelio L, Cai Z, Christie MJ, Poole DP, Porter CJH, McLean P, Hicks GA, Geppetti P, Halls ML, Canals M, Bunnett NW. Endosomal signaling of the receptor for calcitonin gene-related peptide mediates pain transmission. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:12309-12314. [PMID: 29087309 PMCID: PMC5699040 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1706656114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are considered to function primarily at the plasma membrane, where they interact with extracellular ligands and couple to G proteins that transmit intracellular signals. Consequently, therapeutic drugs are designed to target GPCRs at the plasma membrane. Activated GPCRs undergo clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Whether GPCRs in endosomes control pathophysiological processes in vivo and are therapeutic targets remains uncertain. We investigated the contribution of endosomal signaling of the calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) to pain transmission. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) stimulated CLR endocytosis and activated protein kinase C (PKC) in the cytosol and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) in the cytosol and nucleus. Inhibitors of clathrin and dynamin prevented CLR endocytosis and activation of cytosolic PKC and nuclear ERK, which derive from endosomal CLR. A cholestanol-conjugated antagonist, CGRP8-37, accumulated in CLR-containing endosomes and selectively inhibited CLR signaling in endosomes. CGRP caused sustained excitation of neurons in slices of rat spinal cord. Inhibitors of dynamin, ERK, and PKC suppressed persistent neuronal excitation. CGRP8-37-cholestanol, but not unconjugated CGRP8-37, prevented sustained neuronal excitation. When injected intrathecally to mice, CGRP8-37-cholestanol inhibited nociceptive responses to intraplantar injection of capsaicin, formalin, or complete Freund's adjuvant more effectively than unconjugated CGRP8-37 Our results show that CLR signals from endosomes to control pain transmission and identify CLR in endosomes as a therapeutic target for pain. Thus, GPCRs function not only at the plasma membrane but also in endosomes to control complex processes in vivo. Endosomal GPCRs are a drug target that deserve further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E Yarwood
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Wendy L Imlach
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - TinaMarie Lieu
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Veldhuis
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Dane D Jensen
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Carmen Klein Herenbrink
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Luigi Aurelio
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Zhijian Cai
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | | | - Daniel P Poole
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Christopher J H Porter
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Peter McLean
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139
| | | | - Pierangelo Geppetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Michelle L Halls
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Meritxell Canals
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
- The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Nigel W Bunnett
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
- The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
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30
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Odendall C, Voak AA, Kagan JC. Type III IFNs Are Commonly Induced by Bacteria-Sensing TLRs and Reinforce Epithelial Barriers during Infection. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2017; 199:3270-3279. [PMID: 28954888 PMCID: PMC5679450 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Type III IFNs (IFN-λs) are secreted factors that are well-known for their antiviral activities. However, their regulation and functions during bacterial infections are unclear. In this article, we report that the regulation of IFN-λ genes did not track with mechanisms that control type I IFN expression in response to TLRs. Whereas type I IFNs were only expressed from TLRs present on endosomes, type III IFNs could be induced by TLRs that reside at the plasma membrane and that detect various bacterial products. The mechanisms that regulate type III IFN gene expression tracked with those that promote inflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression. Importantly, rIFN-λs enhanced epithelial barriers in vitro, preventing transcellular bacteria dissemination. We therefore propose that in addition to their functions in cell-intrinsic antiviral immunity, type III IFNs protect epithelial barrier integrity, an activity that would benefit the host during any infectious encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Odendall
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; and
- Department of Infectious Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew A Voak
- Department of Infectious Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan C Kagan
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; and
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31
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Lasič E, Stenovec M, Kreft M, Robinson PJ, Zorec R. Dynamin regulates the fusion pore of endo- and exocytotic vesicles as revealed by membrane capacitance measurements. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:2293-2303. [PMID: 28669852 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dynamin is a multidomain GTPase exhibiting mechanochemical and catalytic properties involved in vesicle scission from the plasmalemma during endocytosis. New evidence indicates that dynamin is also involved in exocytotic release of catecholamines, suggesting the existence of a dynamin-regulated structure that couples endo- to exocytosis. METHODS Thus we here employed high-resolution cell-attached capacitance measurements and super-resolution structured illumination microscopy to directly examine single vesicle interactions with the plasmalemma in cultured rat astrocytes treated with distinct pharmacological modulators of dynamin activity. Fluorescent dextrans and the lipophilic plasmalemmal marker DiD were utilized to monitor uptake and distribution of vesicles in the peri-plasmalemmal space and in the cell cytosol. RESULTS Dynamin inhibition with Dynole™-34-2 and Dyngo™-4a prevented vesicle internalization into the cytosol and decreased fusion pore conductance of vesicles that remained attached to the plasmalemma via a narrow fusion pore that lapsed into a state of repetitive opening and closing - flickering. In contrast, the dynamin activator Ryngo™-1-23 promoted vesicle internalization and favored fusion pore closure by prolonging closed and shortening open fusion pore dwell times. Immunocytochemical staining revealed dextran uptake into dynamin-positive vesicles and increased dextran uptake into Syt4- and VAMP2-positive vesicles after dynamin inhibition, indicating prolonged retention of these vesicles at the plasmalemma. CONCLUSIONS Our results have provided direct evidence for a role of dynamin in regulation of fusion pore geometry and kinetics of endo- and exocytotic vesicles, indicating that both share a common dynamin-regulated structural intermediate, the fusion pore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Lasič
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Stenovec
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Celica Biomedical, Tehnološki Park 24, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Marko Kreft
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Celica Biomedical, Tehnološki Park 24, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, CPAE, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Phillip J Robinson
- Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Robert Zorec
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Celica Biomedical, Tehnološki Park 24, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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32
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Li YC, Kavalali ET. Synaptic Vesicle-Recycling Machinery Components as Potential Therapeutic Targets. Pharmacol Rev 2017; 69:141-160. [PMID: 28265000 DOI: 10.1124/pr.116.013342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Presynaptic nerve terminals are highly specialized vesicle-trafficking machines. Neurotransmitter release from these terminals is sustained by constant local recycling of synaptic vesicles independent from the neuronal cell body. This independence places significant constraints on maintenance of synaptic protein complexes and scaffolds. Key events during the synaptic vesicle cycle-such as exocytosis and endocytosis-require formation and disassembly of protein complexes. This extremely dynamic environment poses unique challenges for proteostasis at synaptic terminals. Therefore, it is not surprising that subtle alterations in synaptic vesicle cycle-associated proteins directly or indirectly contribute to pathophysiology seen in several neurologic and psychiatric diseases. In contrast to the increasing number of examples in which presynaptic dysfunction causes neurologic symptoms or cognitive deficits associated with multiple brain disorders, synaptic vesicle-recycling machinery remains an underexplored drug target. In addition, irrespective of the involvement of presynaptic function in the disease process, presynaptic machinery may also prove to be a viable therapeutic target because subtle alterations in the neurotransmitter release may counter disease mechanisms, correct, or compensate for synaptic communication deficits without the need to interfere with postsynaptic receptor signaling. In this article, we will overview critical properties of presynaptic release machinery to help elucidate novel presynaptic avenues for the development of therapeutic strategies against neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying C Li
- Departments of Neuroscience (Y.C.L., E.T.K.) and Physiology (E.T.K.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ege T Kavalali
- Departments of Neuroscience (Y.C.L., E.T.K.) and Physiology (E.T.K.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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33
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Basagiannis D, Zografou S, Galanopoulou K, Christoforidis S. Dynasore impairs VEGFR2 signalling in an endocytosis-independent manner. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45035. [PMID: 28327657 PMCID: PMC5361198 DOI: 10.1038/srep45035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
VEGFR2 is a critical angiogenic receptor playing a key role in vascular homeostasis. Upon activation by VEGF, VEGFR2 becomes endocytosed. Internalisation of VEGFR2 is facilitated, in part, through clathrin mediated endocytosis (CME), the role of which in VEGFR2 function is debated. Here, we confirm the contribution of CME in VEGFR2 uptake. However, curiously, we find that different approaches of inhibition of CME exert contradictory effects on VEGF signalling; knockdown of clathrin, or of dynamin, or overexpression of dynamin K44A, do not affect VEGF-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, while dynasore causes strong inhibition. We resolve this discrepancy by showing that although dynasore inhibits CME of VEGFR2, its inhibitory action in ERK1/2 phosphorylation is not related to attenuation of VEGFR2 endocytosis; it is rather due to an off-target effect of the drug. Dynasore inhibits VEGF-induced calcium release, a signalling event that lies upstream of ERK1/2, which implies that this effect could be responsible, at least in part, for the inhibitory action of the drug on VEGF-to-ERK1/2 signalling. These results raise caution that although dynasore is specific in inhibiting clathrin- and dynamin-mediated endocytosis, it may also exert off-target effects on signalling molecules, hence influencing the interpretation of the role of endocytosis in signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Basagiannis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology-Biomedical Research, Foundation for Research and Technology, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.,Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Sofia Zografou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology-Biomedical Research, Foundation for Research and Technology, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Katerina Galanopoulou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology-Biomedical Research, Foundation for Research and Technology, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.,Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Savvas Christoforidis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology-Biomedical Research, Foundation for Research and Technology, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.,Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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34
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Eppler FJ, Quast T, Kolanus W. Dynamin2 controls Rap1 activation and integrin clustering in human T lymphocyte adhesion. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172443. [PMID: 28273099 PMCID: PMC5342215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte trafficking is crucial to facilitate efficient immune responses. Here, we report that the large GTPase dynamin2, which is generally considered to have a key role in endocytosis and membrane remodeling, is an essential regulator of integrin-dependent human T lymphocyte adhesion and migration. Chemical inhibition or knockdown of dynamin2 expression significantly reduced integrin-dependent T cell adhesion in vitro. This phenotype was not observed when T cells were treated with various chemical inhibitors which abrogate endocytosis or actin polymerization. We furthermore detected dynamin2 in signaling complexes and propose that it controls T cell adhesion via FAK/Pyk2- and RapGEF1-mediated Rap1 activation. In addition, the dynamin2 inhibitor-induced reduction of lymphocyte adhesion can be rescued by Rap1a overexpression. We demonstrate that the dynamin2 effect on T cell adhesion does not involve integrin affinity regulation but instead relies on its ability to modulate integrin valency. Taken together, we suggest a previously unidentified role of dynamin2 in the regulation of integrin-mediated lymphocyte adhesion via a Rap1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix J. Eppler
- Division of Molecular Immunology and Cell Biology, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Quast
- Division of Molecular Immunology and Cell Biology, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Waldemar Kolanus
- Division of Molecular Immunology and Cell Biology, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- * E-mail:
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35
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Odell LR, Abdel-Hamid MK, Hill TA, Chau N, Young KA, Deane FM, Sakoff JA, Andersson S, Daniel JA, Robinson PJ, McCluskey A. Pyrimidine-Based Inhibitors of Dynamin I GTPase Activity: Competitive Inhibition at the Pleckstrin Homology Domain. J Med Chem 2016; 60:349-361. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luke R. Odell
- Chemistry,
School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Mohammed K. Abdel-Hamid
- Chemistry,
School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Timothy A. Hill
- Chemistry,
School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Ngoc Chau
- Children’s
Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, 214 Hawkesbury
Road, Westmead New South
Wales 2145, Australia
| | - Kelly A. Young
- Chemistry,
School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Fiona M. Deane
- Chemistry,
School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Jennette A. Sakoff
- Experimental
Therapeutics Group, Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Edith Street, Waratah, 2298, New South Wales Australia
| | - Sofia Andersson
- Department
of Biology and Chemical Engineering, Mälardalens University, Box 325, S-631
05, Eskilstuna, Sweden
| | - James A. Daniel
- Children’s
Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, 214 Hawkesbury
Road, Westmead New South
Wales 2145, Australia
| | - Phillip J. Robinson
- Children’s
Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, 214 Hawkesbury
Road, Westmead New South
Wales 2145, Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- Chemistry,
School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
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36
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Redgrove KA, Bernstein IR, Pye VJ, Mihalas BP, Sutherland JM, Nixon B, McCluskey A, Robinson PJ, Holt JE, McLaughlin EA. Dynamin 2 is essential for mammalian spermatogenesis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35084. [PMID: 27725702 PMCID: PMC5057128 DOI: 10.1038/srep35084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamin family of proteins play important regulatory roles in membrane remodelling and endocytosis, especially within brain and neuronal tissues. In the context of reproduction, dynamin 1 (DNM1) and dynamin 2 (DNM2) have recently been shown to act as key mediators of sperm acrosome formation and function. However, little is known about the roles that these proteins play in the developing testicular germ cells. In this study, we employed a DNM2 germ cell-specific knockout model to investigate the role of DNM2 in spermatogenesis. We demonstrate that ablation of DNM2 in early spermatogenesis results in germ cell arrest during prophase I of meiosis, subsequent loss of all post-meiotic germ cells and concomitant sterility. These effects become exacerbated with age, and ultimately result in the demise of the spermatogonial stem cells and a Sertoli cell only phenotype. We also demonstrate that DNM2 activity may be temporally regulated by phosphorylation of DNM2 via the kinase CDK1 in spermatogonia, and dephosphorylation by phosphatase PPP3CA during meiotic and post-meiotic spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate A Redgrove
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,PRC in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ilana R Bernstein
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,PRC in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Victoria J Pye
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,PRC in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Bettina P Mihalas
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Jessie M Sutherland
- School of Biomedical Sciences &Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,PRC in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,PRC in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Phillip J Robinson
- Cell Signalling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Janet E Holt
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,PRC in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Eileen A McLaughlin
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,PRC in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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37
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Elkin SR, Oswald NW, Reed DK, Mettlen M, MacMillan JB, Schmid SL. Ikarugamycin: A Natural Product Inhibitor of Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis. Traffic 2016; 17:1139-49. [PMID: 27392092 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ikarugamycin (IKA) is a previously discovered antibiotic, which has been shown to inhibit the uptake of oxidized low-density lipoproteins in macrophages. Furthermore, several groups have previously used IKA to inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) in plant cell lines. However, detailed characterization of IKA has yet to be performed. Consequently, we performed biochemistry and microscopy experiments to further characterize the effects of IKA on CME. We show that IKA has an IC50 of 2.7 μm in H1299 cells and acutely inhibits CME, but not other endocytic pathways, in a panel of cell lines. Although long-term incubation with IKA has cytotoxic effects, the short-term inhibitory effects on CME are reversible. Thus, IKA can be a useful tool for probing routes of endocytic trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Elkin
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nathaniel W Oswald
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dana K Reed
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Marcel Mettlen
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John B MacMillan
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sandra L Schmid
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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38
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Blaas D. Viral entry pathways: the example of common cold viruses. Wien Med Wochenschr 2016; 166:211-26. [PMID: 27174165 PMCID: PMC4871925 DOI: 10.1007/s10354-016-0461-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
For infection, viruses deliver their genomes into the host cell. These nucleic acids are usually tightly packed within the viral capsid, which, in turn, is often further enveloped within a lipid membrane. Both protect them against the hostile environment. Proteins and/or lipids on the viral particle promote attachment to the cell surface and internalization. They are likewise often involved in release of the genome inside the cell for its use as a blueprint for production of new viruses. In the following, I shall cursorily discuss the early more general steps of viral infection that include receptor recognition, uptake into the cell, and uncoating of the viral genome. The later sections will concentrate on human rhinoviruses, the main cause of the common cold, with respect to the above processes. Much of what is known on the underlying mechanisms has been worked out by Renate Fuchs at the Medical University of Vienna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Blaas
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr Gasse 9/3, 1030, Vienna, Austria.
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39
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Loss-of-function mutations of Dynamin 2 promote T-ALL by enhancing IL-7 signalling. Leukemia 2016; 30:1993-2001. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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40
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Johnson TA, Pfeffer SR. Ezetimibe-sensitive cholesterol uptake by NPC1L1 protein does not require endocytosis. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:1845-52. [PMID: 27075173 PMCID: PMC4884074 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-03-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Human NPC1L1 protein mediates cholesterol absorption in the intestine and liver and is the target of the drug ezetimibe, which is used to treat hypercholesterolemia. Previous studies concluded that NPC1L1-GFP protein trafficking is regulated by cholesterol binding and that ezetimibe blocks NPC1L1-GFP function by inhibiting its endocytosis. We used cell surface biotinylation to monitor NPC1L1-GFP endocytosis and show that ezetimibe does not alter the rate of NPC1L1-GFP endocytosis in cultured rat hepatocytes grown under normal growth conditions. As expected, NPC1L1-GFP endocytosis depends in part on C-terminal, cytoplasmically oriented sequences, but endocytosis does not require cholesterol binding to NPC1L1's N-terminal domain. In addition, two small- molecule inhibitors of general (and NPC1L1-GFP) endocytosis failed to inhibit the ezetimibe-sensitive uptake of [(3)H]cholesterol from taurocholate micelles. These experiments demonstrate that cholesterol uptake by NPC1L1 does not require endocytosis; moreover, ezetimibe interferes with NPC1L1's cholesterol adsorption activity without blocking NPC1L1 internalization in RH7777 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tory A Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5307
| | - Suzanne R Pfeffer
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5307
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41
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Totta P, Busonero C, Leone S, Marino M, Acconcia F. Dynamin II is required for 17β-estradiol signaling and autophagy-based ERα degradation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23727. [PMID: 27009360 PMCID: PMC4806323 DOI: 10.1038/srep23727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
17β-estradiol (E2) regulates diverse physiological effects, including cell proliferation, by binding to estrogen receptor α (ERα). ERα is both a transcription factor that drives E2-sensitive gene expression and an extra-nuclear localized receptor that triggers the activation of diverse kinase cascades. While E2 triggers cell proliferation, it also induces ERα degradation in a typical hormone-dependent feedback loop. Although ERα breakdown proceeds through the 26S proteasome, a role for lysosomes and for some endocytic proteins in controlling ERα degradation has been reported. Here, we studied the role of the endocytic protein dynamin II in E2-dependent ERα signaling and degradation. The results indicate that dynamin II siRNA-mediated knock-down partially prevents E2-induced ERα degradation through the inhibition of an autophagy-based pathway and impairs E2-induced cell proliferation signaling. Altogether, these data demonstrate that dynamin II is required for the E2:ERα signaling of physiological functions and uncovers a role for autophagy in the control of ERα turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierangela Totta
- Department of Sciences, Section Biomedical Sciences and Technology, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi, 446, I-00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Busonero
- Department of Sciences, Section Biomedical Sciences and Technology, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi, 446, I-00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Leone
- Department of Sciences, Section Biomedical Sciences and Technology, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi, 446, I-00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Sciences, Section Biomedical Sciences and Technology, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi, 446, I-00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Acconcia
- Department of Sciences, Section Biomedical Sciences and Technology, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi, 446, I-00146, Rome, Italy
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42
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Jackson J, Papadopulos A, Meunier FA, McCluskey A, Robinson PJ, Keating DJ. Small molecules demonstrate the role of dynamin as a bi-directional regulator of the exocytosis fusion pore and vesicle release. Mol Psychiatry 2015; 20:810-9. [PMID: 25939402 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2015.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hormones and neurotransmitters are stored in specialised vesicles and released from excitable cells through exocytosis. During vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane, a transient fusion pore is created that enables transmitter release. The protein dynamin is known to regulate fusion pore expansion (FPE). The mechanism is unknown, but requires its oligomerisation-stimulated GTPase activity. We used a palette of small molecule dynamin modulators to reveal bi-directional regulation of FPE by dynamin and vesicle release in chromaffin cells. The dynamin inhibitors Dynole 34-2 and Dyngo 4a and the dynamin activator Ryngo 1-23 reduced or increased catecholamine released from single vesicles, respectively. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy demonstrated that dynamin stimulation with Ryngo 1-23 reduced the number of neuropeptide Y (NPY) kiss-and-run events, but not full fusion events, and slowed full fusion release kinetics. Amperometric stand-alone foot signals, representing transient kiss-and-run events, were less frequent but were of longer duration, similarly to full amperometric spikes and pre-spike foot signals. These effects are not due to alterations in vesicle size. Ryngo 1-23 action was blocked by inhibitors of actin polymerisation or myosin II. Therefore, we demonstrate using a novel pharmacological approach that dynamin not only controls FPE during exocytosis, but is a bi-directional modulator of the fusion pore that increases or decreases the amount released from a vesicle during exocytosis if it is activated or inhibited, respectively. As such, dynamin has the ability to exquisitely fine-tune transmitter release.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jackson
- Discipline of Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - A Papadopulos
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - F A Meunier
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - A McCluskey
- Centre for Chemical Biology and Chemistry, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P J Robinson
- Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D J Keating
- 1] Discipline of Human Physiology, Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia [2] South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
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43
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Abdel-Hamid MK, Macgregor KA, Odell LR, Chau N, Mariana A, Whiting A, Robinson PJ, McCluskey A. 1,8-Naphthalimide derivatives: new leads against dynamin I GTPase activity. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:8016-28. [PMID: 26118967 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00751h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fragment-based in silico screening against dynamin I (dynI) GTPase activity identified the 1,8-naphthalimide framework as a potential scaffold for the design of new inhibitors targeting the GTP binding pocket of dynI. Structure-based design, synthesis and subsequent optimization resulted in the development of a library of 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives, called the Naphthaladyn™ series, with compounds 23 and 29 being the most active (IC50 of 19.1 ± 0.3 and 18.5 ± 1.7 μM respectively). Compound 29 showed effective inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis (IC50(CME) 66 μM). The results introduce 29 as an optimised GTP-competitive lead Naphthaladyn™ compound for the further development of naphthalimide-based dynI GTPase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed K Abdel-Hamid
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Chemistry, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
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44
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Daniel JA, Chau N, Abdel-Hamid MK, Hu L, von Kleist L, Whiting A, Krishnan S, Maamary P, Joseph SR, Simpson F, Haucke V, McCluskey A, Robinson PJ. Phenothiazine-derived antipsychotic drugs inhibit dynamin and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Traffic 2015; 16:635-54. [PMID: 25693808 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chlorpromazine is a phenothiazine-derived antipsychotic drug (APD) that inhibits clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) in cells by an unknown mechanism. We examined whether its action and that of other APDs might be mediated by the GTPase activity of dynamin. Eight of eight phenothiazine-derived APDs inhibited dynamin I (dynI) in the 2-12 µm range, the most potent being trifluoperazine (IC50 2.6 ± 0.7 µm). They also inhibited dynamin II (dynII) at similar concentrations. Typical and atypical APDs not based on the phenothiazine scaffold were 8- to 10-fold less potent (haloperidol and clozapine) or were inactive (droperidol, olanzapine and risperidone). Kinetic analysis showed that phenothiazine-derived APDs were lipid competitive, while haloperidol was uncompetitive with lipid. Accordingly, phenothiazine-derived APDs inhibited dynI GTPase activity stimulated by lipids but not by various SH3 domains. All dynamin-active APDs also inhibited transferrin (Tfn) CME in cells at related potencies. Structure-activity relationships (SAR) revealed dynamin inhibition to be conferred by a substituent group containing a terminal tertiary amino group at the N2 position. Chlorpromazine was previously proposed to target AP-2 recruitment in the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles (CCV). However, neither chlorpromazine nor thioridazine affected AP-2 interaction with amphiphysin or clathrin. Super-resolution microscopy revealed that chlorpromazine blocks neither clathrin recruitment by AP-2, nor AP-2 recruitment, showing that CME inhibition occurs downstream of CCV formation. Overall, potent dynamin inhibition is a shared characteristic of phenothiazine-derived APDs, but not other typical or atypical APDs, and the data indicate that dynamin is their likely in-cell target in endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Daniel
- Cell Signalling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia.,Present address: Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Str. 3, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ngoc Chau
- Cell Signalling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Mohammed K Abdel-Hamid
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Chemistry, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Lingbo Hu
- Epithelial Cancer Group, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Lisa von Kleist
- Leibniz Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie & Freie Universität Berlin, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ainslie Whiting
- Cell Signalling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Sai Krishnan
- Cell Signalling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Peter Maamary
- Cell Signalling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Shannon R Joseph
- Epithelial Cancer Group, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Fiona Simpson
- Epithelial Cancer Group, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie & Freie Universität Berlin, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Adam McCluskey
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Chemistry, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Phillip J Robinson
- Cell Signalling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
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45
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Role of dynamin in elongated cell migration in a 3D matrix. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:611-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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46
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MacGregor KA, Abdel-Hamid MK, Odell LR, Chau N, Whiting A, Robinson PJ, McCluskey A. Development of quinone analogues as dynamin GTPase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 85:191-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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