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Dang Q, Zuo L, Hu X, Zhou Z, Chen S, Liu S, Ba Y, Zuo A, Xu H, Weng S, Zhang Y, Luo P, Cheng Q, Liu Z, Han X. Molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer in the era of precision oncotherapy: Current inspirations and future challenges. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e70041. [PMID: 39054866 PMCID: PMC11272957 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.70041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most hackneyed malignancies. Even patients with identical clinical symptoms and the same TNM stage still exhibit radically different clinical outcomes after receiving equivalent treatment regimens, indicating extensive heterogeneity of CRC. Myriad molecular subtypes of CRC have been exploited for decades, including the most compelling consensus molecular subtype (CMS) classification that has been broadly applied for patient stratification and biomarker-drug combination formulation. Encountering barriers to clinical translation, however, CMS classification fails to fully reflect inter- or intra-tumor heterogeneity of CRC. As a consequence, addressing heterogeneity and precisely managing CRC patients with unique characteristics remain arduous tasks for clinicians. REVIEW In this review, we systematically summarize molecular subtypes of CRC and further elaborate on their clinical applications, limitations, and future orientations. CONCLUSION In recent years, exploration of subtypes through cell lines, animal models, patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), organoids, and clinical trials contributes to refining biological insights and unraveling subtype-specific therapies in CRC. Therapeutic interventions including nanotechnology, clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR/Cas9), gut microbiome, and liquid biopsy are powerful tools with the possibility to shift the immunologic landscape and outlook for CRC precise medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Dang
- Department of Interventional RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Lulu Zuo
- Center for Reproductive MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Xinru Hu
- Department of Cardiology, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Zhaokai Zhou
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Shuang Chen
- Center for Reproductive MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Shutong Liu
- Department of Interventional RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Yuhao Ba
- Department of Interventional RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Anning Zuo
- Department of Interventional RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Interventional RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Siyuan Weng
- Department of Interventional RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Yuyuan Zhang
- Department of Interventional RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan ProvinceZhengzhouHenanChina
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan ProvinceZhengzhouHenanChina
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
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Zhao Y, Zhang B, Ma Y, Guo M, Zhao F, Chen J, Wang B, Jin H, Zhou F, Guan J, Zhao Q, Liu Q, Wang H, Zhao F, Wang X. Distinct molecular profiles drive multifaceted characteristics of colorectal cancer metastatic seeds. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20231359. [PMID: 38502057 PMCID: PMC10949939 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastasis of primary tumors remains a challenge for early diagnosis and prevention. The cellular properties and molecular drivers of metastatically competent clones within primary tumors remain unclear. Here, we generated 10-16 single cell-derived lines from each of three colorectal cancer (CRC) tumors to identify and characterize metastatic seeds. We found that intrinsic factors conferred clones with distinct metastatic potential and cellular communication capabilities, determining organ-specific metastasis. Poorly differentiated or highly metastatic clones, rather than drug-resistant clones, exhibited poor clinical prognostic impact. Personalized genetic alterations, instead of mutation burden, determined the occurrence of metastatic potential during clonal evolution. Additionally, we developed a gene signature for capturing metastatic potential of primary CRC tumors and demonstrated a strategy for identifying metastatic drivers using isogenic clones with distinct metastatic potential in primary tumors. This study provides insight into the origin and mechanisms of metastasis and will help develop potential anti-metastatic therapeutic targets for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Intelligent Healthcare, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fuqiang Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianan Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bingzhi Wang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fulai Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Guan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fangqing Zhao
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Intelligent Healthcare, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Yu P, Hu C, Ding G, Shi X, Xu J, Cao Y, Chen X, Wu W, Xu Q, Fang J, Huang X, Yuan S, Chen H, Wang Z, Huang L, Pang F, Du Y, Cheng X. Mutation characteristics and molecular evolution of ovarian metastasis from gastric cancer and potential biomarkers for paclitaxel treatment. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3771. [PMID: 38704377 PMCID: PMC11069556 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48144-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian metastasis is one of the major causes of treatment failure in patients with gastric cancer (GC). However, the genomic characteristics of ovarian metastasis in GC remain poorly understood. In this study, we enroll 74 GC patients with ovarian metastasis, with 64 having matched primary and metastatic samples. Here, we show a characterization of the mutation landscape of this disease, alongside an investigation into the molecular heterogeneity and pathway mutation enrichments between synchronous and metachronous metastasis. We classify patients into distinct clonal evolution patterns based on the distribution of mutations in paired samples. Notably, the parallel evolution group exhibits the most favorable prognosis. Additionally, by analyzing the differential response to chemotherapy, we identify potential biomarkers, including SALL4, CCDC105, and CLDN18, for predicting the efficacy of paclitaxel treatment. Furthermore, we validate that CLDN18 fusion mutations improve tumor response to paclitaxel treatment in GC with ovarian metastasis in vitro and vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Yu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Can Hu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guangyu Ding
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Jingli Xu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangliu Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingquan Fang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingmao Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Hui Chen
- Shanghai OrigiMed Co., Ltd, Shanghai, PR China
| | | | - Ling Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Pang
- Shanghai OrigiMed Co., Ltd, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yian Du
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangdong Cheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Takahashi-Yamashiro K, Miyazono K. Tissue clearing method in visualization of cancer progression and metastasis. Ups J Med Sci 2024; 129:10634. [PMID: 38716075 PMCID: PMC11075440 DOI: 10.48101/ujms.v129.10634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Since various imaging modalities have been developed, cancer metastasis can be detected from an early stage. However, limitations still exist, especially in terms of spatial resolution. Tissue-clearing technology has emerged as a new imaging modality in cancer research, which has been developed and utilized for a long time mainly in neuroscience field. This method enables us to detect cancer metastatic foci with single-cell resolution at whole mouse body/organ level. On top of that, 3D images of cancer metastasis of whole mouse organs make it easy to understand their characteristics. Recently, further applications of tissue clearing methods were reported in combination with reporter systems, labeling, and machine learning. In this review, we would like to provide an overview of this technique and current applications in cancer research and discuss their potentials and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Takahashi-Yamashiro
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kohei Miyazono
- Department of Applied Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Institute for Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan
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Shekhtman O, Sioutas GS, Piavchenko G, Bhalla S, Cooke DL, Winkler E, Burkhardt JK, Srinivasan VM. Endovascular biopsy in neurointerventional surgery: A systematic review. Interv Neuroradiol 2024:15910199241240508. [PMID: 38515364 DOI: 10.1177/15910199241240508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endothelial cells (ECs) continuously line the cerebrovasculature. Molecular aberrations in the ECs are hallmarks and contributory factors to the development of cerebrovascular diseases, including intracranial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Endovascular biopsy has been introduced as a method to harvest ECs and obtain relevant biologic information. We aimed to summarize the literature on endovascular biopsy in neurointerventional surgery. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive literature search in multiple databases, identifying eligible studies focusing on neurosurgical applications of endovascular biopsy. The systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The relevant information was collected, including study characteristics, biopsy techniques, and key findings. RESULTS Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and were included. The studies involved the collection of ECs using various endovascular devices including coils, guide wires, different stents, and forceps. Endothelial-enrichment techniques, such fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), collected ECs and facilitated downstream applications of bulk or single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq). The studies provided insights into gene expression profiles and identified potential biomarkers associated with intracranial aneurysms. However, challenges were observed in obtaining an adequate number of ECs and identifying consistent biomarkers. CONCLUSION Endovascular biopsy of endothelial cells (ECs) in cerebrovascular pathologies shows promise for gene expression profiling. However, many studies have been limited in sample size and underpowered to identify "signature genes" for aneurysm growth or rupture. Advancements in minimally invasive biopsy methods have potential to facilitate applications of precision medicine in the treatment of cerebrovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Shekhtman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Georgios S Sioutas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gennadii Piavchenko
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Shubhang Bhalla
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel L Cooke
- Department of Interventional Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ethan Winkler
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jan-Karl Burkhardt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Visish M Srinivasan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Yoon H, Sabaté Del Río J, Cho SW, Park TE. Recent advances in micro-physiological systems for investigating tumor metastasis and organotropism. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1351-1366. [PMID: 38303676 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc01033c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Tumor metastasis involves complex processes that traditional 2D cultures and animal models struggle to fully replicate. Metastatic tumors undergo a multitude of transformations, including genetic diversification, adaptation to diverse microenvironments, and modified drug responses, contributing significantly to cancer-related mortality. Micro-physiological systems (MPS) technology emerges as a promising approach to emulate the metastatic process by integrating critical biochemical, biomechanical, and geometrical cues at a microscale. These systems are particularly advantageous simulating metastasis organotropism, the phenomenon where tumors exhibit a preference for metastasizing to particular organs. Organotropism is influenced by various factors, such as tumor cell characteristics, unique organ microenvironments, and organ-specific vascular conditions, all of which can be effectively examined using MPS. This review surveys the recent developments in MPS research from the past five years, with a specific focus on their applications in replicating tumor metastasis and organotropism. Furthermore, we discuss the current limitations in MPS-based studies of organotropism and propose strategies for more accurately replicating and analyzing the intricate aspects of organ-specific metastasis, which is pivotal in the development of targeted therapeutic approaches against metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejeong Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jonathan Sabaté Del Río
- Center for Algorithmic and Robotized Synthesis (CARS), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Woo Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-Eun Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Wang X, Bai H, Zhang J, Wang Z, Duan J, Cai H, Cao Z, Lin Q, Ding X, Sun Y, Zhang W, Xu X, Chen H, Zhang D, Feng X, Wan J, Zhang J, He J, Wang J. Genetic Intratumor Heterogeneity Remodels the Immune Microenvironment and Induces Immune Evasion in Brain Metastasis of Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2024; 19:252-272. [PMID: 37717855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2023.09.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brain metastasis, with the highest incidence in patients with lung cancer, significantly worsens prognosis and poses challenges to clinical management. To date, how brain metastasis evades immune elimination remains unknown. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing were performed on 30 matched brain metastasis, primary lung adenocarcinoma, and normal tissues. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas primary lung adenocarcinoma cohort, including multiplex immunofluorescence, were used to support the findings of bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS Our study highlights the key role of intratumor heterogeneity of genomic alterations in the metastasis process, mainly caused by homologous recombination deficiency or other somatic copy number alteration-associated mutation mechanisms, leading to increased genomic instability and genomic complexity. We further proposed a selection model of brain metastatic evolution in which intratumor heterogeneity drives immune remodeling, leading to immune escape through different mechanisms under local immune pressure. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide novel insights into the metastatic process and immune escape mechanisms of brain metastasis and pave the way for precise immunotherapeutic strategies for patients with lung cancer with brain metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiyang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqing Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qingtang Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaosheng Ding
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Translational Medicine, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoya Xu
- Department of Translational Medicine, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Translational Medicine, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Dadong Zhang
- Department of Translational Medicine, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoli Feng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghai Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Amin R, Ha NH, Qiu T, Holewinski R, Lam KC, Lopès A, Liu H, Tran AD, Lee MP, Gamage ST, Andresson T, Goldszmid RS, Meier JL, Hunter KW. Loss of NAT10 disrupts enhancer organization via p300 mislocalization and suppresses transcription of genes necessary for metastasis progression. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.24.577116. [PMID: 38410432 PMCID: PMC10896336 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.24.577116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Acetylation of protein and RNA represent a critical event for development and cancer progression. NAT10 is the only known RNA acetylase that catalyzes the N4-actylcytidine (ac4C) modification of RNAs. Here, we show that the loss of NAT10 significantly decreases lung metastasis in allograft and genetically engineered mouse models of breast cancer. NAT10 interacts with a mechanosensitive, metastasis susceptibility protein complex at the nuclear pore. In addition to its canonical role in RNA acetylation, we find that NAT10 interacts with p300 at gene enhancers. NAT10 loss is associated with p300 mislocalization into heterochromatin regions. NAT10 depletion disrupts enhancer organization, leading to alteration of gene transcription necessary for metastatic progression, including reduced myeloid cell-recruiting chemokines that results in a less metastasis-prone tumor microenvironment. Our study uncovers a distinct role of NAT10 in enhancer organization of metastatic tumor cells and suggests its involvement in the tumor-immune crosstalk dictating metastatic outcomes.
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Teng T, Yu M. Establishing Single-Cell Clones from In Vitro-Cultured Circulating Tumor Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2752:119-126. [PMID: 38194031 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3621-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a common health problem with more than 90% of deaths due to metastases. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) contain precursors that can initiate metastases. However, CTCs are rare, heterogeneous, and difficult to expand in culture. We have previously created CTC-derived cell lines from stage IV breast cancer patients. These CTC lines were used to establish single-cell CTC clones using flow cytometry cell sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Teng
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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10
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Hu Y, Shen F, Yang X, Han T, Long Z, Wen J, Huang J, Shen J, Guo Q. Single-cell sequencing technology applied to epigenetics for the study of tumor heterogeneity. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:161. [PMID: 37821906 PMCID: PMC10568863 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01574-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have traditionally attributed the initiation of cancer cells to genetic mutations, considering them as the fundamental drivers of carcinogenesis. However, recent research has shed light on the crucial role of epigenomic alterations in various cell types present within the tumor microenvironment, suggesting their potential contribution to tumor formation and progression. Despite these significant findings, the progress in understanding the epigenetic mechanisms regulating tumor heterogeneity has been impeded over the past few years due to the lack of appropriate technical tools and methodologies. RESULTS The emergence of single-cell sequencing has enhanced our understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms governing tumor heterogeneity by revealing the distinct epigenetic layers of individual cells (chromatin accessibility, DNA/RNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome localization) and the diverse omics (transcriptomics, genomics, multi-omics) at the single-cell level. These technologies provide us with new insights into the molecular basis of intratumoral heterogeneity and help uncover key molecular events and driving mechanisms in tumor development. CONCLUSION This paper provides a comprehensive review of the emerging analytical and experimental approaches of single-cell sequencing in various omics, focusing specifically on epigenomics. These approaches have the potential to capture and integrate multiple dimensions of individual cancer cells, thereby revealing tumor heterogeneity and epigenetic features. Additionally, this paper outlines the future trends of these technologies and their current technical limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China
- Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tingting Han
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China
- Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhuowen Long
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiale Wen
- Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junxing Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiangfeng Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China.
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11
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Tang P, Thongrom B, Arora S, Haag R. Polyglycerol-Based Biomedical Matrix for Immunomagnetic Circulating Tumor Cell Isolation and Their Expansion into Tumor Spheroids for Drug Screening. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300842. [PMID: 37402278 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are established as distinct cancer biomarkers for diagnosis, as preclinical models, and therapeutic targets. Their use as preclinical models is limited owing to low purity after isolation and the lack of effective techniques to create 3D cultures that accurately mimic in vivo conditions. Herein, a two-component system for detecting, isolating, and expanding CTCs to generate multicellular tumor spheroids that mimic the physiology and microenvironment of the diseased organ is proposed. First, an antifouling biointerface on magnetic beads is fabricated by adding a bioinert polymer layer and conjugation of biospecific ligands to isolate cancer cells, dramatically enhancing the selectivity and purity of the isolated cancer cells. Next, the isolated cells are encapsulated into self-degradable hydrogels synthesized using a thiol-click approach. The hydrogels are mechanochemically tuned to enable tumor spheroid growth to a size greater than 300 µm and to further release the grown spheroids while retaining their tumor-like characteristics. In addition, drug treatment highlights the need for 3D culture environments rather than conventional 2D culture. The designed biomedical matrix shows potential as a universal method to ensure mimicry of in vivo tumor characteristics in individual patients and to improve the predictability of preclinical screening of personalized therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tang
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Boonya Thongrom
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Smriti Arora
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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12
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Bai K, Chen X, Qi X, Zhang Y, Zou Y, Li J, Yu L, Li Y, Jiang J, Yang Y, Liu Y, Feng S, Bu H. Cerebrospinal fluid circulating tumour DNA genotyping and survival analysis in lung adenocarcinoma with leptomeningeal metastases. J Neurooncol 2023; 165:149-160. [PMID: 37897649 PMCID: PMC10638181 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04471-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The prognosis of patients with leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) remains poor. Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has been proven to be abundantly present in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); hence, its clinical implication as a biomarker needs to be further verified. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 35 lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients with LM, and matched CSF and plasma samples were collected from all patients. All paired samples underwent next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 139 lung cancer-associated genes. The clinical characteristics and genetic profiling of LM were analysed in association with survival prognosis. RESULTS LM showed genetic heterogeneity, in which CSF had a higher detection rate of ctDNA (P = 0.003), a higher median mutation count (P < 0.0001), a higher frequency of driver mutations (P < 0.01), and more copy number variation (CNV) alterations (P < 0.001) than plasma. The mutation frequencies of the EGFR, TP53, CDKN2A, MYC and CDKN2B genes were easier to detect in CSF than in LUAD tissue (P < 0.05), possibly reflecting the underlying mechanism of LM metastasis. CSF ctDNA is helpful for analysing the mechanism of EGFR-TKI resistance. In cohort 1, which comprised patients who received 1/2 EGFR-TKIs before the diagnosis of LM, TP53 and CDKN2A were the most common EGFR-independent resistant mutations. In cohort 2, comprising those who progressed after osimertinib and developed LM, 7 patients (43.75%) had EGFR CNV detected in CSF but not plasma. Furthermore, patient characteristics and various genes were included for interactive survival analysis. Patients with EGFR-mutated LUAD (P = 0.042) had a higher median OS, and CSF ctDNA mutation with TERT (P = 0.013) indicated a lower median OS. Last, we reported an LM case in which CSF ctDNA dynamic changes were well correlated with clinical treatment. CONCLUSIONS CSF ctDNA could provide a more comprehensive genetic landscape of LM, indicating the potential metastasis-related and EGFR-TKI resistance mechanisms of LM patients. In addition, genotyping of CSF combined with clinical outcomes can predict the prognosis of LUAD patients with LM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Bai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- Department of Neurology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, China
| | - Xuejiao Qi
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yueli Zou
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- Department of General Practice, Hengshui People's Hospital, Hengshui, China
| | - Lili Yu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiajia Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yajing Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuanghao Feng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hui Bu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China.
- Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China.
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13
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Gallaher J, Strobl M, West J, Gatenby R, Zhang J, Robertson-Tessi M, Anderson AR. Intermetastatic and Intrametastatic Heterogeneity Shapes Adaptive Therapy Cycling Dynamics. Cancer Res 2023; 83:2775-2789. [PMID: 37205789 PMCID: PMC10425736 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-2558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive therapies that alternate between drug applications and drug-free vacations can exploit competition between sensitive and resistant cells to maximize the time to progression. However, optimal dosing schedules depend on the properties of metastases, which are often not directly measurable in clinical practice. Here, we proposed a framework for estimating features of metastases through tumor response dynamics during the first adaptive therapy treatment cycle. Longitudinal prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in 16 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer undergoing adaptive androgen deprivation treatment were analyzed to investigate relationships between cycle dynamics and clinical variables such as Gleason score, the change in the number of metastases over a cycle, and the total number of cycles over the course of treatment. The first cycle of adaptive therapy, which consists of a response period (applying therapy until 50% PSA reduction), and a regrowth period (removing treatment until reaching initial PSA levels), delineated several features of the computational metastatic system: larger metastases had longer cycles; a higher proportion of drug-resistant cells slowed the cycles; and a faster cell turnover rate sped up drug response time and slowed regrowth time. The number of metastases did not affect cycle times, as response dynamics were dominated by the largest tumors rather than the aggregate. In addition, systems with higher intermetastasis heterogeneity responded better to continuous therapy and correlated with dynamics from patients with high or low Gleason scores. Conversely, systems with higher intrametastasis heterogeneity responded better to adaptive therapy and correlated with dynamics from patients with intermediate Gleason scores. SIGNIFICANCE Multiscale mathematical modeling combined with biomarker dynamics during adaptive therapy helps identify underlying features of metastatic cancer to inform treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Gallaher
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Maximilian Strobl
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jeffrey West
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Robert Gatenby
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Radiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Mark Robertson-Tessi
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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14
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Tolg C, Milojevic M, Qi FW, Pavanel HA, Locke MEO, Ma J, Price M, Nelson AC, McCarthy JB, Hill KA, Turley EA. RHAMM regulates MMTV-PyMT-induced lung metastasis by connecting STING-dependent DNA damage sensing to interferon/STAT1 pro-apoptosis signaling. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:74. [PMID: 37349798 PMCID: PMC10286489 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01652-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RHAMM is a multifunctional protein that is upregulated in breast tumors, and the presence of strongly RHAMM+ve cancer cell subsets associates with elevated risk of peripheral metastasis. Experimentally, RHAMM impacts cell cycle progression and cell migration. However, the RHAMM functions that contribute to breast cancer metastasis are poorly understood. METHODS We interrogated the metastatic functions of RHAMM using a loss-of-function approach by crossing the MMTV-PyMT mouse model of breast cancer susceptibility with Rhamm-/- mice. In vitro analyses of known RHAMM functions were performed using primary tumor cell cultures and MMTV-PyMT cell lines. Somatic mutations were identified using a mouse genotyping array. RNA-seq was performed to identify transcriptome changes resulting from Rhamm-loss, and SiRNA and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing was used to establish cause and effect of survival mechanisms in vitro. RESULTS Rhamm-loss does not alter initiation or growth of MMTV-PyMT-induced primary tumors but unexpectedly increases lung metastasis. Increased metastatic propensity with Rhamm-loss is not associated with obvious alterations in proliferation, epithelial plasticity, migration, invasion or genomic stability. SNV analyses identify positive selection of Rhamm-/- primary tumor clones that are enriched in lung metastases. Rhamm-/- tumor clones are characterized by an increased ability to survive with ROS-mediated DNA damage, which associates with blunted expression of interferon pathway and target genes, particularly those implicated in DNA damage-resistance. Mechanistic analyses show that ablating RHAMM expression in breast tumor cells by siRNA knockdown or CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing blunts interferon signaling activation by STING agonists and reduces STING agonist-induced apoptosis. The metastasis-specific effect of RHAMM expression-loss is linked to microenvironmental factors unique to tumor-bearing lung tissue, notably high ROS and TGFB levels. These factors promote STING-induced apoptosis of RHAMM+ve tumor cells to a significantly greater extent than RHAMM-ve comparators. As predicted by these results, colony size of Wildtype lung metastases is inversely related to RHAMM expression. CONCLUSION RHAMM expression-loss blunts STING-IFN signaling, which offers growth advantages under specific microenvironmental conditions of lung tissue. These results provide mechanistic insight into factors controlling clonal survival/expansion of metastatic colonies and has translational potential for RHAMM expression as a marker of sensitivity to interferon therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Tolg
- London Regional Cancer Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Maja Milojevic
- Departments of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Freda W Qi
- Departments of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - M Elizabeth O Locke
- Departments of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Departments of Computer Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jenny Ma
- London Regional Cancer Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mathew Price
- Masonic Cancer Center, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Andrew C Nelson
- Masonic Cancer Center, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James B McCarthy
- Masonic Cancer Center, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kathleen A Hill
- Departments of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
- Departments of Computer Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
| | - Eva A Turley
- London Regional Cancer Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
- Departments of Biochemistry, Oncology and Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
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15
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Baba SK, Baba SK, Mir R, Elfaki I, Algehainy N, Ullah MF, Barnawi J, Altemani FH, Alanazi M, Mustafa SK, Masoodi T, Akil ASA, Bhat AA, Macha MA. Long non-coding RNAs modulate tumor microenvironment to promote metastasis: novel avenue for therapeutic intervention. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1164301. [PMID: 37384249 PMCID: PMC10299194 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1164301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a devastating disease and the primary cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with cancer metastasis responsible for 90% of cancer-related deaths. Cancer metastasis is a multistep process characterized by spreading of cancer cells from the primary tumor and acquiring molecular and phenotypic changes that enable them to expand and colonize in distant organs. Despite recent advancements, the underlying molecular mechanism(s) of cancer metastasis is limited and requires further exploration. In addition to genetic alterations, epigenetic changes have been demonstrated to play an important role in the development of cancer metastasis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are considered one of the most critical epigenetic regulators. By regulating signaling pathways and acting as decoys, guides, and scaffolds, they modulate key molecules in every step of cancer metastasis such as dissemination of carcinoma cells, intravascular transit, and metastatic colonization. Gaining a good knowledge of the detailed molecular basis underlying lncRNAs regulating cancer metastasis may provide previously unknown therapeutic and diagnostic lncRNAs for patients with metastatic disease. In this review, we concentrate on the molecular mechanisms underlying lncRNAs in the regulation of cancer metastasis, the cross-talk with metabolic reprogramming, modulating cancer cell anoikis resistance, influencing metastatic microenvironment, and the interaction with pre-metastatic niche formation. In addition, we also discuss the clinical utility and therapeutic potential of lncRNAs for cancer treatment. Finally, we also represent areas for future research in this rapidly developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Khurshid Baba
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir, India
| | - Sadaf Khursheed Baba
- Department of Microbiology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Science (SKIMS), Soura, Kashmir, India
| | - Rashid Mir
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imadeldin Elfaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseh Algehainy
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Fahad Ullah
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jameel Barnawi
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal H. Altemani
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alanazi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Khalid Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Human Immunology Department, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammira S. Alshabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity, and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A. Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity, and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muzafar A. Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir, India
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16
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Salemme V, Centonze G, Avalle L, Natalini D, Piccolantonio A, Arina P, Morellato A, Ala U, Taverna D, Turco E, Defilippi P. The role of tumor microenvironment in drug resistance: emerging technologies to unravel breast cancer heterogeneity. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1170264. [PMID: 37265795 PMCID: PMC10229846 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1170264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, at both inter- and intra-tumor levels, and this heterogeneity is a crucial determinant of malignant progression and response to treatments. In addition to genetic diversity and plasticity of cancer cells, the tumor microenvironment contributes to tumor heterogeneity shaping the physical and biological surroundings of the tumor. The activity of certain types of immune, endothelial or mesenchymal cells in the microenvironment can change the effectiveness of cancer therapies via a plethora of different mechanisms. Therefore, deciphering the interactions between the distinct cell types, their spatial organization and their specific contribution to tumor growth and drug sensitivity is still a major challenge. Dissecting intra-tumor heterogeneity is currently an urgent need to better define breast cancer biology and to develop therapeutic strategies targeting the microenvironment as helpful tools for combined and personalized treatment. In this review, we analyze the mechanisms by which the tumor microenvironment affects the characteristics of tumor heterogeneity that ultimately result in drug resistance, and we outline state of the art preclinical models and emerging technologies that will be instrumental in unraveling the impact of the tumor microenvironment on resistance to therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Salemme
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Centonze
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
| | - Lidia Avalle
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
| | - Dora Natalini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessio Piccolantonio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
| | - Pietro Arina
- UCL, Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Morellato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
| | - Ugo Ala
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Daniela Taverna
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
| | - Emilia Turco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Defilippi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) “Guido Tarone”, Turin, Italy
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17
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Bosenberg M, Liu ET, Yu CI, Palucka K. Mouse models for immuno-oncology. Trends Cancer 2023:S2405-8033(23)00041-9. [PMID: 37087398 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Realizing the clinical promise of cancer immunotherapy is hindered by gaps in our knowledge of in vivo mechanisms underlying treatment response as well as treatment limiting toxicity. Preclinical in vivo model systems and technologies are required to address these knowledge gaps and to surmount the challenges faced in the clinical application of immunotherapy. Mice are commonly used for basic and translational research to support development and testing of immune interventions, including for cancer. Here, we discuss the advantages and the limitations of current models as well as future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Bosenberg
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Edison T Liu
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA; The Jackson Laboratory Cancer Center, Bar Harbor, ME, USA.
| | - Chun I Yu
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA; The Jackson Laboratory Cancer Center, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Karolina Palucka
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA; The Jackson Laboratory Cancer Center, Bar Harbor, ME, USA.
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18
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Wakefield L, Agarwal S, Tanner K. Preclinical models for drug discovery for metastatic disease. Cell 2023; 186:1792-1813. [PMID: 37059072 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite many advances, metastatic disease remains essentially uncurable. Thus, there is an urgent need to better understand mechanisms that promote metastasis, drive tumor evolution, and underlie innate and acquired drug resistance. Sophisticated preclinical models that recapitulate the complex tumor ecosystem are key to this process. We begin with syngeneic and patient-derived mouse models that are the backbone of most preclinical studies. Second, we present some unique advantages of fish and fly models. Third, we consider the strengths of 3D culture models for resolving remaining knowledge gaps. Finally, we provide vignettes on multiplexed technologies to advance our understanding of metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalage Wakefield
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Seema Agarwal
- Department of Pathology, Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Kandice Tanner
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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19
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Gerstberger S, Jiang Q, Ganesh K. Metastasis. Cell 2023; 186:1564-1579. [PMID: 37059065 PMCID: PMC10511214 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 144.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Most cancer-associated deaths occur due to metastasis, yet our understanding of metastasis as an evolving, heterogeneous, systemic disease and of how to effectively treat it is still emerging. Metastasis requires the acquisition of a succession of traits to disseminate, variably enter and exit dormancy, and colonize distant organs. The success of these events is driven by clonal selection, the potential of metastatic cells to dynamically transition into distinct states, and their ability to co-opt the immune environment. Here, we review the main principles of metastasis and highlight emerging opportunities to develop more effective therapies for metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Gerstberger
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qingwen Jiang
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karuna Ganesh
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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20
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Puente-Cobacho B, Varela-López A, Quiles JL, Vera-Ramirez L. Involvement of redox signalling in tumour cell dormancy and metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:49-85. [PMID: 36701089 PMCID: PMC10014738 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Decades of research on oncogene-driven carcinogenesis and gene-expression regulatory networks only started to unveil the complexity of tumour cellular and molecular biology. This knowledge has been successfully implemented in the clinical practice to treat primary tumours. In contrast, much less progress has been made in the development of new therapies against metastasis, which are the main cause of cancer-related deaths. More recently, the role of epigenetic and microenviromental factors has been shown to play a key role in tumour progression. Free radicals are known to communicate the intracellular and extracellular compartments, acting as second messengers and exerting a decisive modulatory effect on tumour cell signalling. Depending on the cellular and molecular context, as well as the intracellular concentration of free radicals and the activation status of the antioxidant system of the cell, the signalling equilibrium can be tilted either towards tumour cell survival and progression or cell death. In this regard, recent advances in tumour cell biology and metastasis indicate that redox signalling is at the base of many cell-intrinsic and microenvironmental mechanisms that control disseminated tumour cell fate and metastasis. In this manuscript, we will review the current knowledge about redox signalling along the different phases of the metastatic cascade, including tumour cell dormancy, making emphasis on metabolism and the establishment of supportive microenvironmental connections, from a redox perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Puente-Cobacho
- Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncology, Pfizer-University of Granada and Andalusian Regional Government, PTS, Granada, Spain
| | - Alfonso Varela-López
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Laura Vera-Ramirez
- Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncology, Pfizer-University of Granada and Andalusian Regional Government, PTS, Granada, Spain. .,Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Therapeutic targeting of dormant cancer stem cells in solid tumors. GENE REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Sharpe JL, Morgan J, Nisbet N, Campbell K, Casali A. Modelling Cancer Metastasis in Drosophila melanogaster. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050677. [PMID: 36899813 PMCID: PMC10000390 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis, the process by which tumour cells spread throughout the body and form secondary tumours at distant sites, is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The metastatic cascade is a highly complex process encompassing initial dissemination from the primary tumour, travel through the blood stream or lymphatic system, and the colonisation of distant organs. However, the factors enabling cells to survive this stressful process and adapt to new microenvironments are not fully characterised. Drosophila have proven a powerful system in which to study this process, despite important caveats such as their open circulatory system and lack of adaptive immune system. Historically, larvae have been used to model cancer due to the presence of pools of proliferating cells in which tumours can be induced, and transplanting these larval tumours into adult hosts has enabled tumour growth to be monitored over longer periods. More recently, thanks largely to the discovery that there are stem cells in the adult midgut, adult models have been developed. We focus this review on the development of different Drosophila models of metastasis and how they have contributed to our understanding of important factors determining metastatic potential, including signalling pathways, the immune system and the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne L. Sharpe
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Jason Morgan
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Nicholas Nisbet
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Kyra Campbell
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Correspondence: (K.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Andreu Casali
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida and IRBLleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Correspondence: (K.C.); (A.C.)
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Stehle D, Barresi M, Schulz J, Feil R. Heterogeneity of cGMP signalling in tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment: Challenges and chances for cancer pharmacology and therapeutics. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 242:108337. [PMID: 36623589 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The second messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is an important regulator of human (patho-)physiology and has emerged as an attractive drug target. Currently, cGMP-elevating drugs are mainly used to treat cardiovascular diseases, but there is also increasing interest in exploring their potential for cancer prevention and therapy. In this review article, we summarise recent findings in cancer-related cGMP research, with a focus on melanoma, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, glioma, and ovarian cancer. These studies indicate tremendous heterogeneity of cGMP signalling in tumour tissue. It appears that different tumour and stroma cells, and perhaps different sexes, express different cGMP generators, effectors, and degraders. Therefore, the same cGMP-elevating drug can lead to different outcomes in different tumour settings, ranging from inhibition to promotion of tumourigenesis or therapy resistance. These findings, together with recent evidence that increased cGMP signalling is associated with worse prognosis in several human cancers, challenge the traditional view that cGMP elevation generally has an anti-cancer effect. As cGMP pathways appear to be more stable in the stroma than in tumour cells, we suggest that cGMP-modulating drugs should preferentially target the tumour microenvironment. Indeed, there is evidence that phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors like sildenafil enhance anti-tumour immunity by acting on immune cells. Moreover, many in vivo results obtained with cGMP-modulating drugs could be explained by effects on the tumour vasculature rather than on the tumour cells themselves. We therefore propose a model that incorporates the NO/cGMP signalling pathway in tumour vessels as a key target for cancer therapy. Deciphering the multifaceted roles of cGMP in cancer is not only a challenge for basic research, but also provides a chance to predict potential adverse effects of cGMP-modulating drugs in cancer patients and to develop novel anti-tumour therapies by precision targeting of the relevant cells and molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stehle
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (IFIB), Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mariagiovanna Barresi
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (IFIB), Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Schulz
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (IFIB), Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (IFIB), Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Moslehi M, Rezaei S, Talebzadeh P, Ansari MJ, Jawad MA, Jalil AT, Rastegar-Pouyani N, Jafarzadeh E, Taeb S, Najafi M. Apigenin in cancer therapy: Prevention of genomic instability and anticancer mechanisms. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023; 50:3-18. [PMID: 36111951 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of cancer has been growing worldwide. Better survival rates following the administration of novel drugs and new combination therapies may concomitantly cause concern regarding the long-term adverse effects of cancer therapy, for example, second primary malignancies. Moreover, overcoming tumour resistance to anticancer agents has been long considered as a critical challenge in cancer research. Some low toxic adjuvants such as herb-derived molecules may be of interest for chemoprevention and overcoming the resistance of malignancies to cancer therapy. Apigenin is a plant-derived molecule with attractive properties for chemoprevention, for instance, promising anti-tumour effects, which may make it a desirable adjuvant to reduce genomic instability and the risks of second malignancies among normal tissues. Moreover, it may improve the efficiency of anticancer modalities. This paper aims to review various effects of apigenin in both normal tissues and malignancies. In addition, we explain how apigenin may have the ability to protect usual cells against the genotoxic repercussions following radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of apigenin on tumours will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Moslehi
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sepideh Rezaei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pourya Talebzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tehran Medical Faculty, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq
| | - Nima Rastegar-Pouyani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Emad Jafarzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Taeb
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Yu L, Ding Y, Zhou M. A long non-coding RNA PelncRNA1 is involved in Phyllostachys edulis response to UV-B stress. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15243. [PMID: 37187514 PMCID: PMC10178214 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Phyllostachys edulis (moso bamboo) is China's most widespread bamboo species, with significant economic and ecological values. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a type of regulatory RNA that is longer than 200 nucleotides and incapable of encoding proteins, and is frequently involved in regulating biotic and abiotic stress and plant development. However, the biological functions of lncRNA in moso bamboo are unknown. In this study, a lncRNA (named PelncRNA1) differentially expressed following UV-B treatment was discovered in the whole transcriptome sequencing database of moso bamboo. The target genes were filtered and defined by correlation analysis of PelncRNA1 and gene expression pattern. The expression levels of PelncRNA1 and its target genes were verified using qRT-PCR. The results demonstrated that the expression levels of PelncRNA1 and its target genes increased during UV-B treatment. In Arabidopsis transgenic seedlings and moso bamboo protoplasts, PelncRNA1 was discovered to influence the expression of its target genes when overexpressed. In addition, transgenic Arabidopsis showed higher tolerance to UV-B stress. These results suggest that PelncRNA1 and its target genes are involved in the response of moso bamboo to UV-B stress. The novel findings would contribute to our understanding of how lncRNAs regulate the response to abiotic stresses in moso bamboo.
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Breast cancer: emerging principles of metastasis, adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment from cancer registry data. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:721-735. [PMID: 36538148 PMCID: PMC9931789 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04369-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Growing primary breast cancers (PT) can initiate local recurrences (LR), regional lymph nodes (pLN) and distant metastases (MET). Components of these progressions are initiation, frequency, growth duration, and survival. These characteristics describe principles which proposed molecular concepts and hypotheses must align with. METHODS In a population-based retrospective modeling approach using data from the Munich Cancer Registry key steps and factors associated with metastasis were identified and quantified. Analysis of 66.800 patient datasets over four time periods since 1978, reliable evidence is obtained even in small subgroups. Together with results of clinical trials on prevention and adjuvant treatment (AT) principles for the MET process and AT are derived. RESULTS The median growth periods for PT/MET/LR/pLN comes to 12.5/8.8/5/3.5 years, respectively. Even if 30% of METs only appear after 10 years, a pre-diagnosis MET initiation principle not a delayed one should be true. The growth times of PTs and METs vary by a factor of 10 or more but their ratio is robust at about 1.4. Principles of AT are 50% PT eradication, the selective and partial eradication of bone and lung METs. This cannot be improved by extending the duration of the previously known ATs. CONCLUSION A paradigm of ten principles for the MET process and ATs is derived from real world data and clinical trials indicates that there is no rationale for the long-term application of endocrine ATs, risk of PTs by hormone replacement therapies, or cascading initiation of METs. The principles show limits and opportunities for innovation also through alternative interpretations of well-known studies. The outlined MET process should be generalizable to all solid tumors.
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Welch DR, Foster C, Rigoutsos I. Roles of mitochondrial genetics in cancer metastasis. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:1002-1018. [PMID: 35915015 PMCID: PMC9884503 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The contributions of mitochondria to cancer have been recognized for decades. However, the focus on the metabolic role of mitochondria and the diminutive size of the mitochondrial genome compared to the nuclear genome have hindered discovery of the roles of mitochondrial genetics in cancer. This review summarizes recent data demonstrating the contributions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy-number variants (CNVs), somatic mutations, and germline polymorphisms to cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. The goal is to summarize accumulating data to establish a framework for exploring the contributions of mtDNA to neoplasia and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny R Welch
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Kansas University Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Department of Internal Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), The Kansas University Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, The Kansas University Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Department of Pathology, The Kansas University Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; The University of Kansas Comprehensive Cancer Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Christian Foster
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Kansas University Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Isidore Rigoutsos
- Computational Medicine Center, Sidney Kimmel College of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Suite M81, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Hao M, Wang K, Ding Y, Li H, Liu Y, Ding L. Which patients are prone to suffer liver metastasis? A review of risk factors of metachronous liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:130. [PMID: 35879739 PMCID: PMC9310475 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00759-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In recent years, with the increasing incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its high fatality rate, CRC has seized the attention of the world. And liver metastasis, as the main cause of death of CRC, has become the leading cause of treatment failure in CRC, especially metachronous liver metastasis, have caused patients who underwent bowel resection to experience multiple tortures.
Main body
Metachronous liver metastasis has severely affected the quality of life and prognosis of patients. Therefore, in this review, we discuss risk factors for metachronous liver metastasis of CRC, which is the premise for effective intervention for CRC patients who suffer metachronous liver metastasis after undergoing surgery, as well as the signaling pathways associated with CRC.
Conclusion
The occurrence of metachronous liver metastasis is closely related to histology-based prognostic biomarkers, serum-based biomarkers, tumor microenvironment, pre-metastatic niche, liquid biopsy and tissue-based biomarkers. Further research is required to explore the risk factors associated with liver metastasis of CRC.
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Dunnick JK, Pandiri AR, Shockley KR, Herbert R, Mav D, Phadke D, Shah RR, Merrick BA. Single nucleotide polymorphism patterns associated with a cancer resistant phenotype. Exp Mol Pathol 2022; 128:104812. [PMID: 35872013 PMCID: PMC10463559 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2022.104812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In this study ten mouse strains representing ~90% of genetic diversity in laboratory mice (B6C3F1/J, C57BL/6J, C3H/HeJ, A/J, NOD.B1oSnH2/J, NZO/HILtJ, 129S1/SvImJ, WSB/EiJ, PWK/PhJ, CAST/EiJ) were examined to identify the mouse strain with the lowest incidence of cancer. The unique single polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with this low cancer incidence are reported. METHODS Evaluations of cancer incidence in the 10 mouse strains were based on gross and microscopic diagnosis of tumors. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding regions of the genome were derived from the respective mouse strains located in the Sanger mouse sequencing database and the B6C3F1/N genome from the National Toxicology Program (NTP). RESULTS The WSB strain had an overall lower incidence of both benign and malignant tumors compared to the other mouse strains. At 2 years, the incidence of total malignant tumors (Poly-3 incidence rate) ranged from 2% (WSB) to 92% (C3H) in males, and 14% (WSB) to 93% (NZO) in females, and the total incidence of benign and malignant tumor incidence ranged from 13% (WSB) to 99% (C3H) in males and 25% (WSB) to 96% (NOD) in females. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) patterns were examined in the following strains: B6C3F1/N, C57BL/6J, C3H/HeJ, 129S1/SvImJ, A/J, NZO/HILtJ, CAST/EiJ, PWK/PhJ, and WSB/EiJ. We identified 7519 SNPs (involving 5751 Ensembl transcripts of 3453 Ensembl Genes) that resulted in a unique amino acid change in the coding region of the WSB strain. CONCLUSIONS The inherited genetic patterns in the WSB cancer-resistant mouse strain occurred in genes involved in multiple cell functions including mitochondria, metabolic, immune, and membrane-related cell functions. The unique SNP patterns in a cancer resistant mouse strain provides insights for understanding and developing strategies for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- June K Dunnick
- Systemic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Arun R Pandiri
- Comparative and Molecular Pathogenesis Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Keith R Shockley
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Ronald Herbert
- Comparative and Molecular Pathogenesis Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Deepak Mav
- Sciome, LLC, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Dhiral Phadke
- Sciome, LLC, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Ruchir R Shah
- Sciome, LLC, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - B Alex Merrick
- Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of the National Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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Zhang H, Yu X, Yang J, He G, Zhang X, Wu X, Shen L, Zhou Y, Cheng X, Liu X, Zhu Y. Comprehensive analysis of pyroptotic gene prognostic signatures associated with tumor immune microenvironment and genomic mutation in breast cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:933779. [PMID: 36090993 PMCID: PMC9453314 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.933779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is becoming a tumor with the highest morbidity rate, and inflammation-induced cell death namely pyroptosis reportedly plays dual roles in cancers. However, the specific mechanism between pyroptosis and the clinical prognosis of breast cancer patients is indistinct. Hence, novel pyroptosis-related biomarkers and their contributing factors deserve further exploration to predict the prognosis in breast cancer. Methods Pearson’s correlation analysis, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were utilized to obtain six optimal pyroptosis-related gene prognostic signatures (Pyro-GPS). The risk score of each breast cancer patient was calculated. Next, a Pyro-GPS risk model was constructed and verified in TCGA cohort (n=1,089) and GSE20711 cohort (n=88). Then analyses of immune microenvironment, genomic variation, functional enrichment, drug response and clinicopathologic feature stratification associated with the risk score of Pyro-GPS were performed. Subsequently, a nomogram based on the risk score and several significant clinicopathologic features was established. Ultimately, we further investigated the role of CCL5 in the biological behavior of MDA-MB-231 cell line. Results The low-risk breast cancer patients have better survival outcomes than the high-risk patients. The low-risk patients also show higher immune cell infiltration levels and immune-oncology target expression levels. There is no significant difference in genetic variation between the two risk groups, but the frequency of gene mutations varies. Functional enrichment analysis shows that the low-risk patients are prominently correlated with immune-related pathways, whereas the high-risk patients are enriched in cell cycle, ubiquitination, mismatch repair, homologous recombination and biosynthesis-related pathways. Pyro-GPS is positively correlated with the IC50 of anti-tumor drugs. Furthermore, comprehensive analyses based on risk score and clinicopathological features were performed to predict the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Additionally, in vitro experiments confirmed that breast cancer cells with high expression of CCL5 had weaker proliferation, invasion and metastasis abilities as well as stronger apoptosis and cell cycle arrest abilities. Conclusions The risk score of Pyro-GPS can serve as a promising hallmark to predict the prognosis of BRCA patients. Risk score evaluation may assist to acquire relevant information of tumor immune microenvironment, genomic mutation status, functional pathways and drug sensitivity, and thus provide more effective personalized strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiafei Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junzhe Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gao He
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xian Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuyu Cheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhui Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Harrold E, Corrigan L, Barry S, Lowery M. Targeting MET amplification in Gastro-oesophageal (GO) malignancies and overcoming MET inhibitor resistance: challenges and opportunities. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 16:601-624. [PMID: 35757852 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2022.2093185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MET, the hepatocyte growth factor receptor is amplified in 8% of gastroesophageal (GO) malignancies and associated with poor prognosis. Therapeutic targeting of MET amplification and MET mutations has the potential to improve outcomes for patients with GO cancers (GOC). AREAS COVERED The efficacy of MET inhibition (METi) in preclinical studies has yet to translate into meaningful improvements in the treatment paradigm for unselected GOC. MET amplification has been proposed as a superior modality for patient selection; however even if confirmed, frequency and duration of response to METi are limited by rapid activation of primary and secondary resistance pathways. These observations illustrate the challenges inherent in the application of precision oncology predicated on the theory of oncogenic addiction. EXPERT OPINION A standardized definition of MET positivity is critical to enhance patient selection. Early successes targeting the METex14 skipping mutation demonstrate the potent therapeutic effects of METi in a clearly molecularly defined cohort. There is robust preclinical rationale and early-phase data supporting exploitation of immune system interaction with MET. Pragmatic investigation of rational therapeutic combinations based on molecular profiling of both primary and metastatic disease sites with sequential circulating tumor DNA analysis can inform successful clinical development of METi agents in GOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Harrold
- Medical Oncology Department, Mater Private Hospital Dublin, Leinster, Ireland.,Trinity St James Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Lynda Corrigan
- Trinity St James Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Leinster, Ireland.,Medical Oncology Department, Tallaght/AMNCH Hospital Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Simon Barry
- Medical Oncology Department, St James University Hospital Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Maeve Lowery
- Trinity St James Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Leinster, Ireland.,Medical Oncology Department, St James University Hospital Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
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The interferon-β/STAT1 axis drives the collective invasion of skin squamous cell carcinoma with sealed intercellular spaces. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:27. [PMID: 35606369 PMCID: PMC9126940 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00403-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The process by which cancer cells invade as a cell cluster, known as collective invasion, is associated with metastasis and worse prognosis of cancer patients; therefore, inhibition of collective invasion is considered to improve cancer treatment. However, the cellular characteristics responsible for collective invasion remain largely unknown. Here, we successfully established subclones with various invasive potentials derived from human skin squamous carcinoma cells. The cell cluster of the highly invasive subclone had a hermetically sealed and narrow intercellular space. Interferon-β was localized to the sealed intercellular spaces, leading to collective invasion via the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1). On the other hand, interferon-β was not localized to non-sealed and wide intercellular spaces of the cell cluster of low-invasive subclone with deficient STAT1 activity. In the mixed cell cluster of high- and low-invasive subclones, the high-invasive sub-clonal cells were located at the invasive front of the invasive protrusion, leading to collective invasion by the low-invasive sub-clonal cells. Tissue microarray analysis of human skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) also showed enrichment of STAT1 in the invasive front of SCCs. These findings indicate that the intercellular structure controls the potential for collective invasion via STAT1 regulation in SCC.
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LeBleu VS. Plasticity Enables Cooperation among Heterogeneous Cancer Cell Populations to Support Metastatic Fitness. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1870-1871. [PMID: 35570704 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The invasive progression of cancer known as metastasis remains strongly associated with morbidity and lethality. New meaningful therapeutic interventions could be derived from a better understanding of the underlying processes driving cancer cell seeding and proliferation at secondary sites. Emerging findings regarding the heterogeneity of cancer cells observed in metastases have led us to revisit concepts surrounding metastatic fitness. Novel model systems to study the markers of cancer stem cell plasticity and their evolution during metastatic growth have uncovered that dynamic and heterogeneous cancer cell populations are observed during metastatic disease progression. Heinz and colleagues studied the heterogeneity of colorectal carcinomas, where primary tumors evolve alongside an epithelium well characterized for its self-renewing stem cell population. Their work revealed a functional dynamic interplay in the organization of the metastatic lesions as they transition from stagnating to expanding nodules, wherein the heterogeneous mixture of cancer cell stem cells with more differentiated cancer cells is essential for metastatic outgrowth. Their work supports that dynamic YAP signaling enables the growth-permissive heterogeneous composition of the metastatic nodule, in contrast with growth-restricted homogeneous compositions. See related article by Heinz et al., p. 1953.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie S LeBleu
- Feinberg School of Medicine and Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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Han Y, Wang D, Peng L, Huang T, He X, Wang J, Ou C. Single-cell sequencing: a promising approach for uncovering the mechanisms of tumor metastasis. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:59. [PMID: 35549970 PMCID: PMC9096771 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01280-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell sequencing (SCS) is an emerging high-throughput technology that can be used to study the genomics, transcriptomics, and epigenetics at a single cell level. SCS is widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases, including cancer. Over the years, SCS has gradually become an effective clinical tool for the exploration of tumor metastasis mechanisms and the development of treatment strategies. Currently, SCS can be used not only to analyze metastasis-related malignant biological characteristics, such as tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, and microenvironment, but also to construct metastasis-related cell maps for predicting and monitoring the dynamics of metastasis. SCS is also used to identify therapeutic targets related to metastasis as it provides insights into the distribution of tumor cell subsets and gene expression differences between primary and metastatic tumors. Additionally, SCS techniques in combination with artificial intelligence (AI) are used in liquid biopsy to identify circulating tumor cells (CTCs), thereby providing a novel strategy for treating tumor metastasis. In this review, we summarize the potential applications of SCS in the field of tumor metastasis and discuss the prospects and limitations of SCS to provide a theoretical basis for finding therapeutic targets and mechanisms of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Han
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Lushan Peng
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Departments of Ultrasound Imaging, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Junpu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410031, Hunan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Chunlin Ou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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35
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Talebi A, Rokni P, Kerachian MA. Transcriptome analysis of colorectal cancer liver metastasis: The importance of long non-coding RNAs and fusion transcripts in the disease pathogenesis. Mol Cell Probes 2022; 63:101816. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2022.101816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Kavan S, Kruse TA, Vogsen M, Hildebrandt MG, Thomassen M. Heterogeneity and tumor evolution reflected in liquid biopsy in metastatic breast cancer patients: a review. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:433-446. [PMID: 35286542 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10023-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a spatially and temporally dynamic disease in which differently evolving genetic clones are responsible for progression and clinical outcome. We review tumor heterogeneity and clonal evolution from studies comparing primary tumors and metastasis and discuss plasma circulating tumor DNA as a powerful real-time approach for monitoring the clonal landscape of breast cancer during treatment and recurrence. We found only a few early studies exploring clonal evolution and heterogeneity through analysis of multiregional tissue biopsies of different progression steps in comparison with circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from blood plasma. The model of linear progression seemed to be more often reported than the model of parallel progression. The results show complex routes to metastasis, however, and plasma most often reflected metastasis more than primary tumor. The described patterns of evolution and the polyclonal nature of breast cancer have clinical consequences and should be considered during patient diagnosis and treatment selection. Current studies focusing on the relevance of clonal evolution in the clinical setting illustrate the role of liquid biopsy as a noninvasive biomarker for monitoring clonal progression and response to treatment. In the clinical setting, circulating tumor DNA may be an ideal support for tumor biopsies to characterize the genetic landscape of the metastatic disease and to improve longitudinal monitoring of disease dynamics and treatment effectiveness through detection of residual tumor after resection, relapse, or metastasis within a particular patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Kavan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. .,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Torben A Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marianne Vogsen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Malene G Hildebrandt
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Centre for Personalized Response Monitoring in Oncology (PREMIO), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Centre for Personalized Response Monitoring in Oncology (PREMIO), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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37
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M A M, Kim JY, Pan CH, Kim E. The impact of the spatial heterogeneity of resistant cells and fibroblasts on treatment response. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009919. [PMID: 35263336 PMCID: PMC8906648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A long-standing practice in the treatment of cancer is that of hitting hard with the maximum tolerated dose to eradicate tumors. This continuous therapy, however, selects for resistant cells, leading to the failure of the treatment. A different type of treatment strategy, adaptive therapy, has recently been shown to have a degree of success in both preclinical xenograft experiments and clinical trials. Adaptive therapy is used to maintain a tumor's volume by exploiting the competition between drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cells with minimum effective drug doses or timed drug holidays. To further understand the role of competition in the outcomes of adaptive therapy, we developed a 2D on-lattice agent-based model. Our simulations show that the superiority of the adaptive strategy over continuous therapy depends on the local competition shaped by the spatial distribution of resistant cells. Intratumor competition can also be affected by fibroblasts, which produce microenvironmental factors that promote cancer cell growth. To this end, we simulated the impact of different fibroblast distributions on treatment outcomes. As a proof of principle, we focused on five types of distribution of fibroblasts characterized by different locations, shapes, and orientations of the fibroblast region with respect to the resistant cells. Our simulation shows that the spatial architecture of fibroblasts modulates tumor progression in both continuous and adaptive therapy. Finally, as a proof of concept, we simulated the outcomes of adaptive therapy of a virtual patient with four metastatic sites composed of different spatial distributions of fibroblasts and drug-resistant cell populations. Our simulation highlights the importance of undetected metastatic lesions on adaptive therapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masud M A
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Kim
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Ho Pan
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Kim
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
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38
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Decker T, Bichler M, Birtel A, Fischer G, Geiger K, Gaenger S, Nonnenbroich C, Dechow T, Muendlein A. Clonal Evolution in Patients with Hormone Receptor (HR) Positive, HER-2 Negative Breast Cancer Treated with Chemotherapy or CDK4/6 Inhibitors. Oncol Res Treat 2022; 45:248-253. [DOI: 10.1159/000523758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction
Somatic evolution of the cancer genome resulting in genetically different subclones is thought to be involved in the development of treatment resistance but might also offer new therapeutic opportunities in metastatic breast cancer. No data are available if clonal evolution differs in patients treated with chemotherapy or CDK4/6 inhibitors given with endocrine treatment (CE treatment).
Methods
We performed a prospective analysis of circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA) by targeted next generation sequencing in 46 patients before the beginning of a systemic firstline (n=37) or second-line (n=9) treatment. Ct DNA was analyzed again upon disease progression.
Results
New mutations in ctDNA of patients with progressive disease were detected in 1/11 patients who started chemotherapy, in 4/9 patients treated with chemotherapy followed by CE maintenance treatment and in 9/26 patients receiving CE therapy. The number of acquired new mutations did not differ significantly between the three therapy cohorts (all p-values >0.05). However, in patients classified as secondary resistant (n=37), occurrence of new mutations significantly differed between patients who started chemotherapy (0/9) compared to patients treated with chemotherapy followed by CE (4/11; p=0.041) and patients receiving CE therapy (8/19; p=0.024), respectively.
Conclusion
Clonal evolution might differ significantly between metastatic breast cancer patients with HR positive and HER-2 negative disease treated with chemotherapy or CDK4/6 inhibitors. These results should be confirmed in larger patient cohorts.
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Kalasauskas D, Kosterhon M, Keric N, Korczynski O, Kronfeld A, Ringel F, Othman A, Brockmann MA. Beyond Glioma: The Utility of Radiomic Analysis for Non-Glial Intracranial Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030836. [PMID: 35159103 PMCID: PMC8834271 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumor qualities, such as growth rate, firmness, and intrusion into healthy tissue, can be very important for operation planning and further treatment. Radiomics is a promising new method that allows the determination of some of these qualities on images performed before surgery. In this article, we provide a review of the use of radiomics in various tumors of the central nervous system, such as metastases, lymphoma, meningioma, medulloblastoma, and pituitary tumors. Abstract The field of radiomics is rapidly expanding and gaining a valuable role in neuro-oncology. The possibilities related to the use of radiomic analysis, such as distinguishing types of malignancies, predicting tumor grade, determining the presence of particular molecular markers, consistency, therapy response, and prognosis, can considerably influence decision-making in medicine in the near future. Even though the main focus of radiomic analyses has been on glial CNS tumors, studies on other intracranial tumors have shown encouraging results. Therefore, as the main focus of this review, we performed an analysis of publications on PubMed and Web of Science databases, focusing on radiomics in CNS metastases, lymphoma, meningioma, medulloblastoma, and pituitary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius Kalasauskas
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (D.K.); (M.K.); (N.K.); (F.R.)
| | - Michael Kosterhon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (D.K.); (M.K.); (N.K.); (F.R.)
| | - Naureen Keric
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (D.K.); (M.K.); (N.K.); (F.R.)
| | - Oliver Korczynski
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.K.); (A.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Andrea Kronfeld
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.K.); (A.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Florian Ringel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (D.K.); (M.K.); (N.K.); (F.R.)
| | - Ahmed Othman
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.K.); (A.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Marc A. Brockmann
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.K.); (A.K.); (A.O.)
- Correspondence:
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40
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Jacquemin V, Antoine M, Dom G, Detours V, Maenhaut C, Dumont JE. Dynamic Cancer Cell Heterogeneity: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:280. [PMID: 35053446 PMCID: PMC8773841 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Though heterogeneity of cancers is recognized and has been much discussed in recent years, the concept often remains overlooked in different routine examinations. Indeed, in clinical or biological articles, reviews, and textbooks, cancers and cancer cells are generally presented as evolving distinct entities rather than as an independent heterogeneous cooperative cell population with its self-oriented biology. There are, therefore, conceptual gaps which can mislead the interpretations/diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. In this short review, we wish to summarize and discuss various aspects of this dynamic evolving heterogeneity and its biological, pathological, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic implications, using thyroid carcinoma as an illustrative example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Jacquemin
- Correspondence: (V.J.); (J.E.D.); Tel.: +32-2-555-32-26 (V.J.); +32-2-555-41-34 (J.E.D.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jacques E. Dumont
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (M.A.); (G.D.); (V.D.); (C.M.)
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41
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Amin R, Shukla A, Zhu JJ, Kim S, Wang P, Tian SZ, Tran AD, Paul D, Cappell SD, Burkett S, Liu H, Lee MP, Kruhlak MJ, Dwyer JE, Simpson RM, Hager GL, Ruan Y, Hunter KW. Nuclear pore protein NUP210 depletion suppresses metastasis through heterochromatin-mediated disruption of tumor cell mechanical response. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7216. [PMID: 34903738 PMCID: PMC8669001 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27451-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical signals from the extracellular microenvironment have been implicated in tumor and metastatic progression. Here, we identify nucleoporin NUP210 as a metastasis susceptibility gene for human estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer and a cellular mechanosensor. Nup210 depletion suppresses lung metastasis in mouse models of breast cancer. Mechanistically, NUP210 interacts with LINC complex protein SUN2 which connects the nucleus to the cytoskeleton. In addition, the NUP210/SUN2 complex interacts with chromatin via the short isoform of BRD4 and histone H3.1/H3.2 at the nuclear periphery. In Nup210 knockout cells, mechanosensitive genes accumulate H3K27me3 heterochromatin modification, mediated by the polycomb repressive complex 2 and differentially reposition within the nucleus. Transcriptional repression in Nup210 knockout cells results in defective mechanotransduction and focal adhesion necessary for their metastatic capacity. Our study provides an important role of nuclear pore protein in cellular mechanosensation and metastasis. The involvement of nuclear pore proteins in cellular mechanosensing and metastasis is unclear. Here the authors identify that nuclear pore protein NUP210 promotes metastasis through the interaction with mechanotransducer LINC complex protein and chromatin to regulate mechanosensitive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhul Amin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Anjali Shukla
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Sohyoung Kim
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Andy D Tran
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Debasish Paul
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven D Cappell
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sandra Burkett
- Molecular Cytogenetics Core Facility, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Huaitian Liu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,High-Dimension Data Analysis Group, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maxwell P Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,High-Dimension Data Analysis Group, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael J Kruhlak
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer E Dwyer
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R Mark Simpson
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gordon L Hager
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yijun Ruan
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Kent W Hunter
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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42
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Wu Y, Chen Q, Zhang Q, Li M, Li H, Jia L, Huang Y, Zhang J. Analysis of whole-exome data of cfDNA and the tumor tissue of non-small cell lung cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1453. [PMID: 34734005 PMCID: PMC8506706 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has the highest cancer mortality rate in the world, but currently there is no effective method of dynamic monitoring. Gene mutation is an important factor in tumorigenesis and can be detected using high-throughput sequencing technology. This study aimed to analyze the driving genes in the tumor of NSCLC patients by whole exon sequencing, and to compare and analyze the subclones of the tumor at different time points. Methods We collected 87 cases of NSCLC tumor tissues, para-cancer tissues, and peripheral blood samples for detecting cell-free DNAs (cfDNAs) from January 2016 to December 2018, and whole-exome sequencing was performed. The gene mutation map of NSCLC was drawn in detail by second-generation sequencing data analysis and new driver genes were found. In addition, we performed a subclonal analysis of tumors from different stages of the same patient to further describe the tumor heterogeneity. Results We found that the clonal analysis obtained by cfDNA detection was similar to the clonal analysis of the tissue samples, so real-time monitoring of tumor changes can be carried out through monitoring cfDNA. Conclusions This study provides evidence for studying the gene mutation information of NSCLC and shows the importance of cfDNA in the analysis of tumor subcloning information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhou Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qunqing Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Man Li
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longfei Jia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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43
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Cai C, Bi D, Bick G, Wei Q, Liu H, Lu L, Zhang X, Qin H. Hepatocyte nuclear factor HNF1A is a potential regulator in shaping the super-enhancer landscape in colorectal cancer liver metastasis. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:3056-3071. [PMID: 34719039 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Super-enhancers (SEs) play essential roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. However, how the SE landscape is orchestrated by transcriptional regulators and evolves is not clear. Using de novo motif analysis, we show that the hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 (HNF1)-binding motif is enriched in SEs in cell lines derived from liver metastases, but not in those from primary tumors. This finding was further validated by extending the method to pancreatic cancer and a pair of isogenic CRC lines. Next, we revealed HNF1-alpha (HNF1A) was majorly expressed and upregulated in CRC liver metastatic cell lines. Clinically, HNF1A was remarkably upregulated in synchronous liver metastases as compared to localized tumors. Collectively, our study implicates HNF1A as a key regulator in shaping the SE landscape in CRC liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmiao Cai
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dexi Bi
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gregory Bick
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH, USA
| | - Qing Wei
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH, USA
| | - Huanlong Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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44
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Martínez-Gregorio H, Rojas-Jiménez E, Mejía-Gómez JC, Díaz-Velásquez C, Quezada-Urban R, Vallejo-Lecuona F, de la Cruz-Montoya A, Porras-Reyes FI, Pérez-Sánchez VM, Maldonado-Martínez HA, Robles-Estrada M, Bargalló-Rocha E, Cabrera-Galeana P, Ramos-Ramírez M, Chirino YI, Alonso Herrera L, Terrazas LI, Frecha C, Oliver J, Perdomo S, Vaca-Paniagua F. The Evolution of Clinically Aggressive Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Shows a Large Mutational Diversity and Early Metastasis to Lymph Nodes. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5091. [PMID: 34680239 PMCID: PMC8534164 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), only 30% of patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy achieve a pathological complete response after treatment and more than 90% die due to metastasis formation. The diverse clinical responses and metastatic developments are attributed to extensive intrapatient genetic heterogeneity and tumor evolution acting on this neoplasm. In this work, we aimed to evaluate genomic alterations and tumor evolution in TNBC patients with aggressive disease. We sequenced the whole exome of 16 lesions from four patients who did not respond to therapy, and took several follow-up samples, including samples from tumors before and after treatment, as well as from the lymph nodes and skin metastases. We found substantial intrapatient genetic heterogeneity, with a variable tumor mutational composition. Early truncal events were MCL1 amplifications. Metastatic lesions had deletions in RB1 and PTEN, along with TERT, AKT2, and CCNE1 amplifications. Mutational signatures 06 and 12 were mainly detected in skin metastases and lymph nodes. According to phylogenetic analysis, the lymph node metastases occurred at an early stage of TNBC development. Finally, each patient had three to eight candidate driving mutations for targeted treatments. This study delves into the genomic complexity and the phylogenetic and evolutionary development of aggressive TNBC, supporting early metastatic development, and identifies specific genetic alterations associated with a response to targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Martínez-Gregorio
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas de la Universidad Nacional Autonóma de Mexico, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Mexico City 54090, Mexico;
- Laboratorio Nacional en Salud, Diagnóstico Molecular y Efecto Ambiental en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (E.R.-J.); (C.D.-V.); (R.Q.-U.); (F.V.-L.); (L.I.T.)
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (A.d.l.C.-M.); (Y.I.C.)
| | - Ernesto Rojas-Jiménez
- Laboratorio Nacional en Salud, Diagnóstico Molecular y Efecto Ambiental en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (E.R.-J.); (C.D.-V.); (R.Q.-U.); (F.V.-L.); (L.I.T.)
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (A.d.l.C.-M.); (Y.I.C.)
| | - Javier César Mejía-Gómez
- Division of Breast Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, Mt. Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada;
| | - Clara Díaz-Velásquez
- Laboratorio Nacional en Salud, Diagnóstico Molecular y Efecto Ambiental en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (E.R.-J.); (C.D.-V.); (R.Q.-U.); (F.V.-L.); (L.I.T.)
| | - Rosalía Quezada-Urban
- Laboratorio Nacional en Salud, Diagnóstico Molecular y Efecto Ambiental en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (E.R.-J.); (C.D.-V.); (R.Q.-U.); (F.V.-L.); (L.I.T.)
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (A.d.l.C.-M.); (Y.I.C.)
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Fernando Vallejo-Lecuona
- Laboratorio Nacional en Salud, Diagnóstico Molecular y Efecto Ambiental en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (E.R.-J.); (C.D.-V.); (R.Q.-U.); (F.V.-L.); (L.I.T.)
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (A.d.l.C.-M.); (Y.I.C.)
| | - Aldo de la Cruz-Montoya
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (A.d.l.C.-M.); (Y.I.C.)
| | - Fany Iris Porras-Reyes
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.I.P.-R.); (V.M.P.-S.); (H.A.M.-M.); (E.B.-R.); (P.C.-G.); (M.R.-R.); (L.A.H.)
| | - Víctor Manuel Pérez-Sánchez
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.I.P.-R.); (V.M.P.-S.); (H.A.M.-M.); (E.B.-R.); (P.C.-G.); (M.R.-R.); (L.A.H.)
| | - Héctor Aquiles Maldonado-Martínez
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.I.P.-R.); (V.M.P.-S.); (H.A.M.-M.); (E.B.-R.); (P.C.-G.); (M.R.-R.); (L.A.H.)
| | | | - Enrique Bargalló-Rocha
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.I.P.-R.); (V.M.P.-S.); (H.A.M.-M.); (E.B.-R.); (P.C.-G.); (M.R.-R.); (L.A.H.)
| | - Paula Cabrera-Galeana
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.I.P.-R.); (V.M.P.-S.); (H.A.M.-M.); (E.B.-R.); (P.C.-G.); (M.R.-R.); (L.A.H.)
| | - Maritza Ramos-Ramírez
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.I.P.-R.); (V.M.P.-S.); (H.A.M.-M.); (E.B.-R.); (P.C.-G.); (M.R.-R.); (L.A.H.)
| | - Yolanda Irasema Chirino
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (A.d.l.C.-M.); (Y.I.C.)
| | - Luis Alonso Herrera
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.I.P.-R.); (V.M.P.-S.); (H.A.M.-M.); (E.B.-R.); (P.C.-G.); (M.R.-R.); (L.A.H.)
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas—Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Luis Ignacio Terrazas
- Laboratorio Nacional en Salud, Diagnóstico Molecular y Efecto Ambiental en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (E.R.-J.); (C.D.-V.); (R.Q.-U.); (F.V.-L.); (L.I.T.)
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (A.d.l.C.-M.); (Y.I.C.)
| | - Cecilia Frecha
- Unidad de Producción Celular del Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga—IBIMA—Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Javier Oliver
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga, CIMES, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Sandra Perdomo
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, France;
| | - Felipe Vaca-Paniagua
- Laboratorio Nacional en Salud, Diagnóstico Molecular y Efecto Ambiental en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (E.R.-J.); (C.D.-V.); (R.Q.-U.); (F.V.-L.); (L.I.T.)
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (A.d.l.C.-M.); (Y.I.C.)
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.I.P.-R.); (V.M.P.-S.); (H.A.M.-M.); (E.B.-R.); (P.C.-G.); (M.R.-R.); (L.A.H.)
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45
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Maddipati R, Norgard RJ, Baslan T, Rathi KS, Zhang A, Saeid A, Higashihara T, Wu F, Kumar A, Annamalai V, Bhattacharya S, Raman P, Adkisson CA, Pitarresi JR, Wengyn MD, Yamazoe T, Li J, Balli D, LaRiviere MJ, Ngo TVC, Folkert IW, Millstein ID, Bermeo J, Carpenter EL, McAuliffe JC, Oktay MH, Brekken RA, Lowe SW, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Notta F, Stanger BZ. MYC levels regulate metastatic heterogeneity in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Cancer Discov 2021; 12:542-561. [PMID: 34551968 PMCID: PMC8831468 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-1826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The degree of metastatic disease varies widely amongst cancer patients and impacts clinical outcomes. However, the biological and functional differences that drive the extent of metastasis are poorly understood. We analyzed primary tumors and paired metastases using a multi-fluorescent lineage-labeled mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) - a tumor type where most patients present with metastases. Genomic and transcriptomic analysis revealed an association between metastatic burden and gene amplification or transcriptional upregulation of MYC and its downstream targets. Functional experiments showed that MYC promotes metastasis by recruiting tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), leading to greater bloodstream intravasation. Consistent with these findings, metastatic progression in human PDAC was associated with activation of MYC signaling pathways and enrichment for MYC amplifications specifically in metastatic patients. Collectively, these results implicate MYC activity as a major determinant of metastatic burden in advanced PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert J Norgard
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Timour Baslan
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | - Komal S Rathi
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
| | - Amy Zhang
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research
| | - Asal Saeid
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
| | | | - Feng Wu
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
| | - Angad Kumar
- Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
| | - Valli Annamalai
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Taiji Yamazoe
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Jinyang Li
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - David Balli
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | | | - Tuong-Vi C Ngo
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, and Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
| | | | - Ian D Millstein
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Jonathan Bermeo
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | | | - John C McAuliffe
- Sarcoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | | | - Rolf A Brekken
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Departments of Surgery and Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | | | | | - Ben Z Stanger
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
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46
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Priester MI, Curto S, van Rhoon GC, ten Hagen TLM. External Basic Hyperthermia Devices for Preclinical Studies in Small Animals. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184628. [PMID: 34572855 PMCID: PMC8470307 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The application of mild hyperthermia can be beneficial for solid tumor treatment by induction of sublethal effects on a tissue- and cellular level. When designing a hyperthermia experiment, several factors should be taken into consideration. In this review, multiple elementary hyperthermia devices are described in detail to aid standardization of treatment design. Abstract Preclinical studies have shown that application of mild hyperthermia (40–43 °C) is a promising adjuvant to solid tumor treatment. To improve preclinical testing, enhance reproducibility, and allow comparison of the obtained results, it is crucial to have standardization of the available methods. Reproducibility of methods in and between research groups on the same techniques is crucial to have a better prediction of the clinical outcome and to improve new treatment strategies (for instance with heat-sensitive nanoparticles). Here we provide a preclinically oriented review on the use and applicability of basic hyperthermia systems available for solid tumor thermal treatment in small animals. The complexity of these techniques ranges from a simple, low-cost water bath approach, irradiation with light or lasers, to advanced ultrasound and capacitive heating devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein I. Priester
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (S.C.); (G.C.v.R.)
| | - Sergio Curto
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (S.C.); (G.C.v.R.)
| | - Gerard C. van Rhoon
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (S.C.); (G.C.v.R.)
| | - Timo L. M. ten Hagen
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence:
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47
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Liu J, Lian J, Chen Y, Zhao X, Du C, Xu Y, Hu H, Rao H, Hong X. Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs): A Unique Model of Cancer Metastases and Non-invasive Biomarkers of Therapeutic Response. Front Genet 2021; 12:734595. [PMID: 34512735 PMCID: PMC8424190 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.734595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Late-stage cancer metastasis remains incurable in the clinic and is the major cause death in patients. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are thought to be metastatic precursors shed from the primary tumor or metastatic deposits and circulate in the blood. The molecular network regulating CTC survival, extravasation, and colonization in distant metastatic sites is poorly defined, largely due to challenges in isolating rare CTCs. Recent advances in CTC isolation and ex vivo culture techniques facilitates single-cell omics and the development of related animal models to study CTC-mediated metastatic progression. With these powerful tools, CTCs can potentially be used as non-invasive biomarkers predicting therapeutic response. These studies may open a new avenue for CTC-specific drug discoveries. In this short review, we aim to summarize recent progress in the characterization of CTCs and their clinical relevance in various cancers, setting the stage for realizing personalized therapies against metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingru Lian
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yafei Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - ChangZheng Du
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hailiang Hu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hai Rao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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48
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Lazic D, Kromp F, Rifatbegovic F, Repiscak P, Kirr M, Mivalt F, Halbritter F, Bernkopf M, Bileck A, Ussowicz M, Ambros IM, Ambros PF, Gerner C, Ladenstein R, Ostalecki C, Taschner-Mandl S. Landscape of Bone Marrow Metastasis in Human Neuroblastoma Unraveled by Transcriptomics and Deep Multiplex Imaging. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174311. [PMID: 34503120 PMCID: PMC8431445 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While the bone marrow attracts tumor cells in many solid cancers leading to poor outcome in affected patients, comprehensive analyses of bone marrow metastases have not been performed on a single-cell level. We here set out to capture tumor heterogeneity and unravel microenvironmental changes in neuroblastoma, a solid cancer with bone marrow involvement. To this end, we employed a multi-omics data mining approach to define a multiplex imaging panel and developed DeepFLEX, a pipeline for subsequent multiplex image analysis, whereby we constructed a single-cell atlas of over 35,000 disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) and cells of their microenvironment in the metastatic bone marrow niche. Further, we independently profiled the transcriptome of a cohort of 38 patients with and without bone marrow metastasis. Our results revealed vast diversity among DTCs and suggest that FAIM2 can act as a complementary marker to capture DTC heterogeneity. Importantly, we demonstrate that malignant bone marrow infiltration is associated with an inflammatory response and at the same time the presence of immuno-suppressive cell types, most prominently an immature neutrophil/granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor-like cell type. The presented findings indicate that metastatic tumor cells shape the bone marrow microenvironment, warranting deeper investigations of spatio-temporal dynamics at the single-cell level and their clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Lazic
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.L.); (F.K.); (F.R.); (P.R.); (F.M.); (F.H.); (M.B.); (I.M.A.); (P.F.A.); (R.L.)
| | - Florian Kromp
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.L.); (F.K.); (F.R.); (P.R.); (F.M.); (F.H.); (M.B.); (I.M.A.); (P.F.A.); (R.L.)
- Software Competence Center Hagenberg (SCCH), 4232 Hagenberg, Austria
| | - Fikret Rifatbegovic
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.L.); (F.K.); (F.R.); (P.R.); (F.M.); (F.H.); (M.B.); (I.M.A.); (P.F.A.); (R.L.)
| | - Peter Repiscak
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.L.); (F.K.); (F.R.); (P.R.); (F.M.); (F.H.); (M.B.); (I.M.A.); (P.F.A.); (R.L.)
| | - Michael Kirr
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.K.); (C.O.)
| | - Filip Mivalt
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.L.); (F.K.); (F.R.); (P.R.); (F.M.); (F.H.); (M.B.); (I.M.A.); (P.F.A.); (R.L.)
| | - Florian Halbritter
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.L.); (F.K.); (F.R.); (P.R.); (F.M.); (F.H.); (M.B.); (I.M.A.); (P.F.A.); (R.L.)
| | - Marie Bernkopf
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.L.); (F.K.); (F.R.); (P.R.); (F.M.); (F.H.); (M.B.); (I.M.A.); (P.F.A.); (R.L.)
| | - Andrea Bileck
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Marek Ussowicz
- Department and Clinic of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow, Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Inge M. Ambros
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.L.); (F.K.); (F.R.); (P.R.); (F.M.); (F.H.); (M.B.); (I.M.A.); (P.F.A.); (R.L.)
| | - Peter F. Ambros
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.L.); (F.K.); (F.R.); (P.R.); (F.M.); (F.H.); (M.B.); (I.M.A.); (P.F.A.); (R.L.)
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Ruth Ladenstein
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.L.); (F.K.); (F.R.); (P.R.); (F.M.); (F.H.); (M.B.); (I.M.A.); (P.F.A.); (R.L.)
| | - Christian Ostalecki
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.K.); (C.O.)
| | - Sabine Taschner-Mandl
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.L.); (F.K.); (F.R.); (P.R.); (F.M.); (F.H.); (M.B.); (I.M.A.); (P.F.A.); (R.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-40470-4050
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49
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Lee E, Kang Y. Lineage tracing reveals metastatic dynamics. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:1050-1052. [PMID: 34171265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Combining single-cell lineage tracing with RNA sequencing has provided unprecedented opportunities to prospectively explore metastatic dynamics in vivo. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Simeonov et al. developed the macsGESTALT lineage recording system to reveal that hybrid EMT states and S100 expression are associated with elevated metastatic abilities in a pancreatic cancer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunmi Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Princeton Branch, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Princeton Branch, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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50
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Simeonov KP, Byrns CN, Clark ML, Norgard RJ, Martin B, Stanger BZ, Shendure J, McKenna A, Lengner CJ. Single-cell lineage tracing of metastatic cancer reveals selection of hybrid EMT states. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:1150-1162.e9. [PMID: 34115987 PMCID: PMC8782207 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The underpinnings of cancer metastasis remain poorly understood, in part due to a lack of tools for probing their emergence at high resolution. Here we present macsGESTALT, an inducible CRISPR-Cas9-based lineage recorder with highly efficient single-cell capture of both transcriptional and phylogenetic information. Applying macsGESTALT to a mouse model of metastatic pancreatic cancer, we recover ∼380,000 CRISPR target sites and reconstruct dissemination of ∼28,000 single cells across multiple metastatic sites. We find that cells occupy a continuum of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) states. Metastatic potential peaks in rare, late-hybrid EMT states, which are aggressively selected from a predominately epithelial ancestral pool. The gene signatures of these late-hybrid EMT states are predictive of reduced survival in both human pancreatic and lung cancer patients, highlighting their relevance to clinical disease progression. Finally, we observe evidence for in vivo propagation of S100 family gene expression across clonally distinct metastatic subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamen P Simeonov
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - China N Byrns
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Megan L Clark
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert J Norgard
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Beth Martin
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ben Z Stanger
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jay Shendure
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Allen Discovery Center for Cell Lineage Tracing, Seattle, WA, USA; Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Aaron McKenna
- Department of Molecular & Systems Biology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA.
| | - Christopher J Lengner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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