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Hashimoto Y, Tokumoto Y, Watanabe T, Ogi Y, Sugishita H, Akita S, Niida K, Hayashi M, Okada M, Shiraishi K, Tange K, Tomida H, Yamamoto Y, Takeshita E, Ikeda Y, Oshikiri T, Hiasa Y. C16, a PKR inhibitor, suppresses cell proliferation by regulating the cell cycle via p21 in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9029. [PMID: 38641657 PMCID: PMC11031597 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59671-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase R (PKR) is highly expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of PKR in CRC remains unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify whether C16 (a PKR inhibitor) exhibits antitumor effects and to identify its target pathway in CRC. We evaluated the effects of C16 on CRC cell lines using the MTS assay. Enrichment analysis was performed to identify the target pathway of C16. The cell cycle was analyzed using flow cytometry. Finally, we used immunohistochemistry to examine human CRC specimens. C16 suppressed the proliferation of CRC cells. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that the cell cycle-related GO category was substantially enriched in CRC cells treated with C16. C16 treatment resulted in G1 arrest and increased p21 protein and mRNA expression. Moreover, p21 expression was associated with CRC development as observed using immunohistochemical analysis of human CRC tissues. C16 upregulates p21 expression in CRC cells to regulate cell cycle and suppress tumor growth. Thus, PKR inhibitors may serve as a new treatment option for patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hashimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yoshio Tokumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Takao Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ogi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sugishita
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Satoshi Akita
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gastroenterology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Kazuki Niida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Mirai Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Masaya Okada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Kana Shiraishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tange
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Therapeutics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Hideomi Tomida
- Endoscopy Center, Ehime University Hospital, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yasunori Yamamoto
- Endoscopy Center, Ehime University Hospital, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Eiji Takeshita
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Therapeutics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ikeda
- Endoscopy Center, Ehime University Hospital, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Taro Oshikiri
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yoichi Hiasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
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Wang Z, Zong H, Liu W, Lin W, Sun A, Ding Z, Chen X, Wan X, Liu Y, Hu Z, Zhang H, Li H, Liu Y, Li D, Zhang S, Zha X. Augmented ERO1α upon mTORC1 activation induces ferroptosis resistance and tumor progression via upregulation of SLC7A11. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:112. [PMID: 38610018 PMCID: PMC11015652 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dysregulated mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling plays a critical role in ferroptosis resistance and tumorigenesis. However, the precise underlying mechanisms still need to be fully understood. METHODS Endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase 1 alpha (ERO1α) expression in mTORC1-activated mouse embryonic fibroblasts, cancer cells, and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) clinical samples was examined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blotting, immunofluorescence (IF), and immunohistochemistry. Extensive in vitro and in vivo experiments were carried out to determine the role of ERO1α and its downstream target, member 11 of the solute carrier family 7 (SLC7A11), in mTORC1-mediated cell proliferation, angiogenesis, ferroptosis resistance, and tumor growth. The regulatory mechanism of ERO1α on SLC7A11 was investigated via RNA-sequencing, a cytokine array, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, qRT-PCR, western blotting, IF, a luciferase reporter assay, and a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. The combined therapeutic effect of ERO1α inhibition and the ferroptosis inducer imidazole ketone erastin (IKE) on mTORC1-activated cells was evaluated using cell line-derived xenografts, LSCC organoids, and LSCC patient-derived xenograft models. RESULTS ERO1α is a functional downstream target of mTORC1. Elevated ERO1α induced ferroptosis resistance and exerted pro-oncogenic roles in mTORC1-activated cells via upregulation of SLC7A11. Mechanically, ERO1α stimulated the transcription of SLC7A11 by activating the interleukin-6 (IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway. Moreover, ERO1α inhibition combined with treatment using the ferroptosis inducer IKE exhibited synergistic antitumor effects on mTORC1-activated tumors. CONCLUSIONS The ERO1α/IL-6/STAT3/SLC7A11 pathway is crucial for mTORC1-mediated ferroptosis resistance and tumor growth, and combining ERO1α inhibition with ferroptosis inducers is a novel and effective treatment for mTORC1-related tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, And Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huaiyuan Zong
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Anjiang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhao Ding
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wan
- Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Hefei First People's Hospital, Hefei, 230061, China
| | - Zhongdong Hu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hongbing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hongwu Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, 230011, China
| | - Yehai Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 616 Duzhong Road, Bozhou, 236800, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Sumei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Xiaojun Zha
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 616 Duzhong Road, Bozhou, 236800, Anhui Province, China.
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Wakabayashi T, Tamura R, Karatsu K, Hosoya M, Nishiyama T, Inoue Y, Ogawa K, Kanzaki J, Toda M, Ozawa H, Oishi N. Natural history of hearing and tumor growth in vestibular schwannoma in neurofibromatosis type 2-related schwannomatosis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024:10.1007/s00405-024-08601-4. [PMID: 38578503 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-024-08601-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the natural history of hearing loss and tumor volume in patients with untreated neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2)-related schwannomatosis. Moreover, we statistically examined the factors affecting hearing prognosis. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 37 ears of 24 patients with NF2-related vestibular schwannomatosis followed up without treatment for more than 1 year. We obtained detailed chronological changes in the PTA and tumor volume in each case over time, and the rate of change per year was obtained. Multivariate analysis was also conducted to investigate factors associated with changes in hearing. RESULTS The average follow-up period was approximately 9 years, and hearing deteriorated at an average rate of approximately 4 dB/year. The rate of maintaining effective hearing decreased from 30 ears (81%) at the first visit to 19 ears (51%) at the final follow-up. The average rate of change in tumor growth for volume was approximately 686.0 mm3/year. This study revealed that most patients with NF2 experienced deterioration in hearing acuity and tumor growth during the natural course. A correlation was observed between an increase in tumor volume and hearing loss (r = 0.686; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although the hearing preservation rate in NF2 cases is poor with the current treatment methods, many cases exist in which hearing acuity deteriorates, even during the natural course. Patients with an increased tumor volume during the follow-up period were more likely to experience hearing deterioration. Trial registration number 20140242 (date of registration: 27 October 2014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Wakabayashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ryota Tamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kosuke Karatsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Makoto Hosoya
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takanori Nishiyama
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Inoue
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kaoru Ogawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Jin Kanzaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masahiro Toda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ozawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Naoki Oishi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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Lu F, Wu Q, Lei J, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Zhu N, Yu Y, Lin L, Hu M. Zeaxanthin impairs angiogenesis and tumor growth of glioblastoma: An in vitro and in vivo study. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 754:109957. [PMID: 38467357 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the therapeutic effects of Zeaxanthin (Zea), one of the oxidized xanthophyll carotenoids belonging to the isoprenoids, on inhibiting the angiogenesis and tumor growth of glioblastoma (GBM) via an in vitro and in vivo study. METHODS The effects of Zea on the proliferation, adhesion, migration and invasion of human GBM cell lines were detected by cell proliferation assay, cell adhesion assay and Transwell assay. The effect of Zea on angiogenesis was detected by rat aortic ring assay and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro tube formation assay. The effects of Zea on PARP, Caspase 3 and VEGFR2 phosphorylation as well as VEGFR2's downstream signaling pathway were detected by Western blot. The in vivo human GBM xenograft mouse model was employed to study the therapeutic efficacy of Zea. RESULTS Zea impaired the proliferation, adhesion, migration and invasion of U87 and U251 cells as well as HUVECs. Rat aortic ring experiments displayed Zea significantly inhibited angiogenesis during VEGF-induced microvascular germination. In vitro and in vivo vascular experiments verified that Zea inhibited VEGF-induced HUVEC proliferation and capillary-like tube formation. Additionally, Zea induced GBM cells apoptosis via increasing the expression of cleaved PARP and Caspase 3. In HUVECs and U251 GBM cells, Zea down-regulated VEGF-induced activation of the VEGFR2 kinase pathway. Meanwhile the expression of p-AKT, p-ERK, p-STAT3 and FAK were all attenuated in U251 cells. Moreover, the effects of Zea on GBM cells proliferation could be blocked by VEGFR2 kinase inhibitor SU5408. These results suggest that Zea may hinder GBM angiogenesis and tumor growth through down-regulating a cascade of oncogenic signaling pathways, both through the inhibition of angiogenesis and the anti-tumor mechanism of a direct cytotoxic effect. Besides, Zea inhibits GBM angiogenesis and tumor growth exemplified through a xenograft mouse model in vivo. CONCLUSION Zea impairs angiogenesis and tumor growth of GBM both in vitro and in vivo. It can be declared that Zea is a potential valuable anticancer candidate for the future treatment strategy of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Qing Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Jiaming Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Medical School of Facial Features, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Yifei Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Ni Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - You Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Li Lin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China.
| | - Meichun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China.
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Li Z, Liu Q, Cai Y, Ye N, He Z, Yao Y, Ding Y, Wang P, Qi C, Zheng L, Wang L, Zhou J, Zhang QQ. EPAC inhibitor suppresses angiogenesis and tumor growth of triple-negative breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167114. [PMID: 38447883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1 (EPAC1), a major isoform of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, is highly expressed in vascular endothelia cells and regulates angiogenesis in the retina. High intratumor microvascular densities (MVD) resulting from angiogenesis is responsible for breast cancer development. Downregulation of EPAC1 in tumor cell reduces triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)-induced angiogenesis. However, whether Epac1 expressed in vascular endothelial cells contributes to angiogenesis and tumor development of TNBC remains elusive. MAIN METHODS We employed NY0123, a previously identified potent EPAC inhibitor, to explore the anti-angiogenic biological role of EPAC1 in vitro and in vivo through vascular endothelial cells, rat aortic ring, Matrigel plug, and chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and yolk sac membrane (YSM) assays, as well as the in vivo xenograft tumor models of TNBC in both chick embryo and mice. KEY FINDINGS Inhibiting EPAC1 in vascular endothelial cells by NY0123 significantly suppresses angiogenesis and tumor growth of TNBC. In addition, NY0123 possesses a better inhibitory efficacy than ESI-09, a reported specific EPAC inhibitor tool compound. Importantly, inhibiting EPAC1 in vascular endothelia cells regulates the typical angiogenic signaling network, which is associated with not only vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) signaling, but also PI3K/AKT, MEK/ERK and Notch pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support that EPAC1 may serve as an effective anti-angiogenic therapeutic target of TNBC, and EPAC inhibitor NY0123 has the therapeutic potential to be developed for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishuo Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuhao Cai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Na Ye
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Zinan He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuying Yao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Pingyuan Wang
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Cuiling Qi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lingyun Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lijing Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States.
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Lee SA, Lee JH, Hong HS, Lee JD. Tumor shape as a prognostic factor for the growth of intracanalicular vestibular schwannoma: a long-term observational study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024:10.1007/s00405-024-08540-0. [PMID: 38498190 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-024-08540-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the predictive factors of tumor growth in patients with vestibular schwannoma (VS) managed with the wait-and-scan approach. METHODS The data of 31 patients diagnosed with intracanalicular VS and followed for > 5 years were retrospectively analyzed. VS was diagnosed according to MRI findings and tumor growth was monitored. Tumor growth was defined as an increase of 2 mm or more in the maximal tumor diameter. The association between the initial tumor size and shape and tumor growth was assessed. RESULTS Tumor growth was observed in 16 of 31 patients (51.6%) over a mean follow-up duration of 7.3 years. The initial tumor size was not statistically correlated with tumor growth. However, fusiform or cylindrical tumors exhibited higher growth rates than oval or round tumors. Additionally, a significant correlation was observed between cerebellopontine angle extension and tumor shape. CONCLUSION In this study, 51.6% of the patients with intracanalicular VS who were managed with the wait-and-scan strategy over a follow-up period of > 5 years showed tumor growth. Tumor shape, especially fusiform or cylindrical shape, was found to be a significant predictor of tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se A Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14584, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ha Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14584, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sook Hong
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Dae Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14584, Republic of Korea.
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Deng B, Kong W, Shen X, Han C, Zhao Z, Chen S, Zhou C, Bae-Jump V. The role of DGAT1 and DGAT2 in regulating tumor cell growth and their potential clinical implications. J Transl Med 2024; 22:290. [PMID: 38500157 PMCID: PMC10946154 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05084-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is widely reprogrammed in tumor cells. Lipid droplet is a common organelle existing in most mammal cells, and its complex and dynamic functions in maintaining redox and metabolic balance, regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress, modulating chemoresistance, and providing essential biomolecules and ATP have been well established in tumor cells. The balance between lipid droplet formation and catabolism is critical to maintaining energy metabolism in tumor cells, while the process of energy metabolism affects various functions essential for tumor growth. The imbalance of synthesis and catabolism of fatty acids in tumor cells leads to the alteration of lipid droplet content in tumor cells. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2, the enzymes that catalyze the final step of triglyceride synthesis, participate in the formation of lipid droplets in tumor cells and in the regulation of cell proliferation, migration and invasion, chemoresistance, and prognosis in tumor. Several diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 inhibitors have been developed over the past decade and have shown anti-tumor effects in preclinical tumor models and improvement of metabolism in clinical trials. In this review, we highlight key features of fatty acid metabolism and different paradigms of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 activities on cell proliferation, migration, chemoresistance, and prognosis in tumor, with the hope that these scientific findings will have potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boer Deng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Weimin Kong
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Xiaochang Shen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Chao Han
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Shuning Chen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Chunxiao Zhou
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Victoria Bae-Jump
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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Lan D, Wang J, Sun G, Jiang L, Chen Q, Li S, Qu H, Wang Y, Wu B. Abnormal upregulation of NUBP2 contributes to cancer progression in colorectal cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04956-8. [PMID: 38492158 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04956-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), a digestive tract malignancy with high mortality and morbidity, lacks effective biomarkers for clinical prognosis due to its complex molecular pathogenesis. Nucleotide binding protein 2 (NUBP2) plays a vital role in the assembly of cytosolic Fe/S protein and has been implicated in cancer progression. In this study, we found that NUBP2 was highly expressed in CRC by TCGA database analysis. Subsequently, we verified the expression of NUBP2 in CRC tumor tissues and para-carcinoma tissues using IHC staining, and further investigated its association with clinicopathological parameters. In vitro cell experiments were conducted to assess the role of NUBP2 in CRC by evaluating cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis upon NUBP2 dysregulation. Furthermore, we established a subcutaneous CRC model to evaluate the impact of NUBP2 on tumor growth in vivo. Additionally, we performed mechanistic exploration using a Human Phospho-Kinase Array-Membrane. Our results showed higher expression of NUBP2 in CRC tissues, which positively correlated with the pathological stage, indicating its involvement in tumor malignancy. Functional studies demonstrated that NUBP2 knockdown reduced cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, and impaired migration ability. Moreover, NUBP2 knockdown inhibited tumor growth in mice. We also observed significant changes in the phosphorylation level of GSK3β upon NUBP2 knockdown or overexpression. Additionally, treatment with CHIR-99021 HCl, an inhibitor of GSK3β, reversed the malignant phenotype induced by NUBP2 overexpression. Overall, this study elucidated the functional role of NUBP2 in CRC progression both in vitro and in vivo, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying CRC and potential implications for targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Lan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Junyu Wang
- Department of General Surgery II, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 157, Jingbi Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Guishun Sun
- Department of General Surgery II, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 157, Jingbi Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Lixia Jiang
- Department of General Surgery II, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 157, Jingbi Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiyun Chen
- Department of General Surgery II, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 157, Jingbi Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Sha Li
- Department of General Surgery II, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 157, Jingbi Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Haiyan Qu
- Department of General Surgery II, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 157, Jingbi Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Department of General Surgery II, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 157, Jingbi Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Bian Wu
- Department of General Surgery II, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 157, Jingbi Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.
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9
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Charles L, Sekar S, Osooly M, Javed S, Williams KC, Welch I, Barta I, Saatchi K, Häfeli UO. Development of an immunosuppressed orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma rat model for the evaluation of chemo- and radioembolization therapies. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 196:114180. [PMID: 38237643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is widely known to be chemo-resistant and presents with significant liver disease resulting in low tolerability to systemic chemotherapy. As a counter measure, more targeted therapies such as trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and trans-arterial radioembolization (TARE) have been developed. To further optimize these therapies, animal models are critical in elucidating the molecular events in disease progression and test new treatment options. The present study focuses on the development of a hepatoma bearing rat model. N1S1 rat hepatoma cells were transfected by a lentiviral method and injected into the liver of Sprague Dawley (SD) and Rowett Nude (RNU) rats. Longitudinal tumor growth was observed by bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and liver/tumor histology. In both models, tumors were visible within 4 days post cell inoculation. Tumor take rates were 52 % and 73 % for male and female SD rats, respectively, and 100 % for male RNU rats. By day 12 and 15 post inoculation, we recorded complete tumor regression in male and female SD rats. Liver histology showed advanced fibrosis in the tumor regressed SD rats, whilst RNU rats exhibited the characteristic sheet pattern of Novikoff tumor with mild liver fibrosis. Increased CD3 and TUNEL staining observed in SD rat livers may be key factors for tumor regression. Our data reveal that the immunocompetent SD rats are not recommended as a model for therapeutic investigations. The immunosuppressed RNU rats, however, are characterized by consistent and reliable tumor growth and thus a desirable model for future therapeutic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovelyn Charles
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, CANADA
| | - Sathiya Sekar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, CANADA
| | - Maryam Osooly
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, CANADA
| | - Sumreen Javed
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, CANADA
| | - Karla C Williams
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, CANADA
| | - Ian Welch
- Centre of Comparative Medicine, University of British Columbia, 4145 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, CANADA
| | - Ingrid Barta
- Centre of Comparative Medicine, University of British Columbia, 4145 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, CANADA
| | - Katayoun Saatchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, CANADA.
| | - Urs O Häfeli
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, CANADA; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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10
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Zhong S, Borlak J. Sex differences in the tumor promoting effects of tobacco smoke in a cRaf transgenic lung cancer disease model. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:957-983. [PMID: 38245882 PMCID: PMC10861769 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03671-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Tobacco smoke (TS) is the leading cause for lung cancer (LC), and female smokers are at a greater risk for LC. Yet, the underlying causes are unknown. We performed whole genome scans in TS exposed wild type and histologically characterized tumor lesions of cRaf transgenic mice. We constructed miRNA-gene and transcription factor-miRNA/gene regulatory networks and determined sex-specific gene regulations by evaluating hormone receptor activities. We validated the findings from TS exposed cRaf mice in a large cohort of smoking and never-smoking LC patients. When compared to males, TS prompted a sevenfold increase in tumor multiplicity in cRaf females. Genome-wide scans of tumor lesions identified 161 and 53 genes and miRNAs, which code for EGFR/MAPK signaling, cell proliferation, oncomirs and oncogenes, and 50% of DEGs code for immune response and tumor evasion. Outstandingly, in transgenic males, TS elicited upregulation of 20 tumor suppressors, some of which are the targets of the androgen and estrogen receptor. Conversely, in females, 18 tumor suppressors were downregulated, and five were specifically repressed by the estrogen receptor. We found TS to perturb the circadian clock in a sex-specific manner and identified a female-specific regulatory loop that consisted of the estrogen receptor, miR-22-3p and circadian genes to support LC growth. Finally, we confirmed sex-dependent tumor promoting effects of TS in a large cohort of LC patients. Our study highlights the sex-dependent genomic responses to TS and the interplay of circadian clock genes and hormone receptors in the regulation of oncogenes and oncomirs in LC growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Zhong
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jürgen Borlak
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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11
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He Z, Zhang H, Xiao H, Zhang X, Xu H, Sun R, Li S. Ubiquitylation of RUNX3 by RNA-binding ubiquitin ligase MEX3C promotes tumorigenesis in lung adenocarcinoma. J Transl Med 2024; 22:216. [PMID: 38424632 PMCID: PMC10905843 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common pathological type of lung cancer, but the early diagnosis rate is low. The RNA-binding ubiquitin ligase MEX3C promotes tumorigenesis in several cancers but its mechanism of action in LUAD is unclear. In this study, the biological activity of MEX3C was assessed in LUAD. MEX3C and RUNX3 mRNA levels in the tissues of LUAD patients were determined using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. The involvement of MEX3C in the growth and metastasis of LUAD cells was measured by EdU assay, CCK-8, colony formation, Transwell assay, TUNEL, and flow cytometry. Expression of apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition related proteins were determined using western blotting analysis. LUAD cells transfected with si-MEX3C were administered to mice subcutaneously to monitor tumor progression and metastasis. We found that MEX3C is strongly upregulated in LUAD tissue sections, and involved in proliferation and migration. A549 and H1299 cells had significantly higher levels of MEX3C expression compared to control HBE cells. Knockdown of MEX3C dramatically decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and accelerated apoptosis. Mechanistically, we demonstrate MEX3C induces ubiquitylation and degradation of tumor suppressor RUNX3. Moreover, RUNX3 transcriptionally represses Suv39H1, as revealed by RNA pull-down and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. The in vivo mice model demonstrated that knockdown of MEX3C reduced LUAD growth and metastasis significantly. Collectively, we reveal a novel MEX3C-RUNX3-Suv39H1 signaling axis driving LUAD pathogenesis. Targeting MEX3C may represent a promising therapeutic strategy against LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelai He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The first affiliated hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Haibo Xiao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272002, Shandong, China
| | - Hongbo Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The first affiliated hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China.
| | - Ruifen Sun
- Science and Technology Division, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Siwen Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, Guangdong, China.
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12
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Crawford AJ, Gomez-Cruz C, Russo GC, Huang W, Bhorkar I, Roy T, Muñoz-Barrutia A, Wirtz D, Garcia-Gonzalez D. Tumor proliferation and invasion are intrinsically coupled and unraveled through tunable spheroid and physics-based models. Acta Biomater 2024; 175:170-185. [PMID: 38160858 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Proliferation and invasion are two key drivers of tumor growth that are traditionally considered independent multicellular processes. However, these processes are intrinsically coupled through a maximum carrying capacity, i.e., the maximum spatial cell concentration supported by the tumor volume, total cell count, nutrient access, and mechanical properties of the tissue stroma. We explored this coupling of proliferation and invasion through in vitro and in silico methods where we modulated the mechanical properties of the tumor and the surrounding extracellular matrix. E-cadherin expression and stromal collagen concentration were manipulated in a tunable breast cancer spheroid to determine the overall impacts of these tumor variables on net tumor proliferation and continuum invasion. We integrated these results into a mixed-constitutive formulation to computationally delineate the influences of cellular and extracellular adhesion, stiffness, and mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix on net proliferation and continuum invasion. This framework integrates biological in vitro data into concise computational models of invasion and proliferation to provide more detailed physical insights into the coupling of these key tumor processes and tumor growth. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Tumor growth involves expansion into the collagen-rich stroma through intrinsic coupling of proliferation and invasion within the tumor continuum. These processes are regulated by a maximum carrying capacity that is determined by the total cell count, tumor volume, nutrient access, and mechanical properties of the surrounding stroma. The influences of biomechanical parameters (i.e., stiffness, cell elongation, net proliferation rate and cell-ECM friction) on tumor proliferation or invasion cannot be unraveled using experimental methods alone. By pairing a tunable spheroid system with computational modeling, we delineated the interdependencies of each system parameter on tumor proliferation and continuum invasion, and established a concise computational framework for studying tumor mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh J Crawford
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N Charles St, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Clara Gomez-Cruz
- Department of Continuum Mechanics and Structural Analysis, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avda. de la Universidad 30, 28911 Leganes, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioingenieria, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avda. de la Universidad 30, 28911 Leganes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriella C Russo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N Charles St, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Wilson Huang
- Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N Charles St, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA; Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N Charles St, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Isha Bhorkar
- Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N Charles St, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N Charles St, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Triya Roy
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N Charles St, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Arrate Muñoz-Barrutia
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Departamento de Bioingenieria, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avda. de la Universidad 30, 28911 Leganes, Madrid, Spain; Area de Ingenieria Biomedica, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Gregorio Maranon, Calle del Doctor Esquerdo 46, Madrid' ES 28007, Spain
| | - Denis Wirtz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N Charles St, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N Charles St, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA; Departments of Pathology and Oncology and Sydney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD 21215, USA.
| | - Daniel Garcia-Gonzalez
- Department of Continuum Mechanics and Structural Analysis, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avda. de la Universidad 30, 28911 Leganes, Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Costa L, Kumar R, Villarreal-Garza C, Sinha S, Saini S, Semwal J, Saxsena V, Zamre V, Chintamani C, Ray M, Shimizu C, Gusic LH, Toi M, Lipton A. Diagnostic delays in breast cancer among young women: An emphasis on healthcare providers. Breast 2024; 73:103623. [PMID: 38219460 PMCID: PMC10826418 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2023.103623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in breast cancer care, breast cancer in young women (BCYW) faces unique challenges, diagnostic delays, and limited awareness in many countries. Here, we discuss the challenges and consequences associated with the delayed diagnosis of BCYW. The consequences of delayed diagnosis in young women - which generally varies among developed, developing, or underdeveloped countries - are severe due to a faster breast tumor growth rate than tumors in older women, also contributing to advanced cancer stages and poorer outcomes. Though there are many underlying reasons for diagnostic delays due to age, the article delves explicitly deep into the diagnostic delay of BCYW, focusing on healthcare providers, potential contributing factors, its consequences, and the urgent need to start minimizing such incidences. The article suggests several strategies to address these issues, including increasing awareness, developing educational programs for healthcare providers to identify signs and symptoms in young women, developing clear diagnostic guidelines, and improving screening strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Costa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de Santa Maria- Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular-João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Breast Cancer in Young Women Foundation, Denver, CO, USA.
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Breast Cancer in Young Women Foundation, Denver, CO, USA; Cancer Research Institute, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India; Department of Human and Molecular Genetics and VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
| | - Cynthia Villarreal-Garza
- Breast Cancer Center, Hospital Zambrano Hellion TecSalud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza Garcia, Mexico; Médicos e Investigadores en la Lucha contra el Cáncer de Mama, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Sunil Saini
- Cancer Research Institute, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India
| | - Jayanti Semwal
- Department of Community Medicine, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India
| | - Vartika Saxsena
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Vaishali Zamre
- Breast Cancer Surgery Unit, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute, Delhi, India
| | | | - Mukurdipi Ray
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Insititute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Chikako Shimizu
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lejla Hadzikadic Gusic
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas Medical Center, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Masakazu Toi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center, Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Allan Lipton
- Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Penn State University School of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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14
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Otunuga OM. Tumor growth and population modeling in a toxicant-stressed random environment. J Math Biol 2024; 88:18. [PMID: 38245595 DOI: 10.1007/s00285-023-02035-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
When examining some factors that contribute to the growth or decline of a population or tumor, it is essential to consider a random hypothesis. By analyzing the effects of stress on a population (or volume of tumor growth) in a random environment, we develop stochastic models describing the dynamics of the population (or tumor growth) based on random adjustments to the population's intrinsic growth rate, carrying capacity, and harvesting efforts (or tumor treatments). Apart from the models' ability to capture fluctuations, the availability of a shape parameter in the models gives it the flexibility to describe a variety of population/tumor data with different shapes. The distribution of the stressed population size with or without harvesting (or treatments) is derived and used to calculate the maximum expected amount of harvests that can be taken from the population without depleting resources in the long run (or the minimum amount of chemotherapy needed to cause shrinkage or eradication of a tumor). The work done is applied to analyze tumor growth using published data comprising of the volume of breast tumor obtained by orthotopically implanting LM2-[Formula: see text] cells into the right inguinal mammary fat pads of 6- to 8-week-old female Severe Combined Immuno-Deficient mice.
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15
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赵 娅, 邓 丽, 曹 玥, 马 步, 李 月, 徐 靖, 李 红, 黄 英. [Inhibitory Effect of Ginsenoside Rg3 Combined With 5-Fluorouracil on Tumor Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth of Colon Cancer in Mice: An Experimental Study]. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2024; 55:111-117. [PMID: 38322531 PMCID: PMC10839471 DOI: 10.12182/20240160506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rg3 combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth in colon cancer in mice. Methods CT26 mouse model of colon cancer was established and the mice were randomly assigned to the control group, the ginsenoside Rg3 group, the 5-FU group, and the Rg3 combined with 5-FU group. The 5-FU group was injected intraperitoneally at the dose of 20 mg/kg, 0.2 mL/animal, and once a day for 10 days. Treatment for the Rg3 group was given at the dose of 20 mg/kg, 0.2 mL/animal, and once a day for 21 days via gastric gavage. The dose and the mode of treatment for the Rg3+5-FU combination group were the same as those for the 5-FU and the Rg3 group. The control group was intraperitoneally injected with 0.2 mL/d of normal saline for 10 days. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD31 and the microvascular density (MVD) of the tumor tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry. The blood flow signals and tumor necrosis were examined by color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI). The quality of life, survival rate, tumor volume, tumor mass, and tumor inhibition rate of the mice were monitored. Results After 21 days of treatment, the tumor volume and the tumor mass of all treatment groups were significantly decreased compared with those the control group, with the combination treatment group exhibiting the most significant decrease. The tumor inhibition rates of the Rg3 group, the 5-FU group, and the combination group were 29.96%, 68.78%, and 73.42%, respectively. Rg3 treatment alone had inhibitory effect on tumor growth to a certain degree, while 5-FU treatment alone or 5-FU combined with Rg3 had a stronger inhibitory effect on tumor growth. The tumor inhibition rate of the combination group was higher than that of the 5-FU group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Color Doppler ultrasound showed that there were multiple localized and large tumor necrotic areas that were obvious and observable in the Rg3 group and the combination group, and that there were only small tumor necrotic areas in the 5-FU group and the control group. The tumor necrosis rate of the combination group was (55.63±3.12)%, which was significantly higher than those of the other groups (P<0.05). CDFI examination of the blood flow inside of the tumor of the mice showed that the blood flow signals in the combination group were mostly grade 0-Ⅰ, and that the blood flow signals in the control group were the most abundant, being mostly grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ. The abundance of the blood flow signals in the Rg3 and 5-FU groups were between those of the control group and the combination group. Compared with those of the control group, the expression levels of MVD and VEGF in the tumor tissues of the Rg3 group, the 5-FU group, and the combination group were significantly decreased, with the combination group showing the most significant decrease (P<0.05). HE staining results indicated that there was significant tumor necrosis in mice in the control group and that there were more blood vessels. In contrast, in the tumor of the Rg3 group and the 5-FU group, there were fewer blood vessels and necrotic gaps appeared within the tumors. In the combination group, the tumor tissues had the fewest blood vessels and rope-like necrosis was observed. The mice started dying on the 18th day after treatment started, and all the mice in the control group died on the 42nd day. By this time, there were 3, 5, and 7 mice still alive in the Rg3 group, the 5-FU group, and the combination group, respectively, presenting a survival rate of 30%, 50%, and 70%, respectively. All mice in all the groups died on day 60 after treatment started. Conclusion Ginsenoside Rg3 combined with 5-FU can significantly inhibit tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth of colon cancer in mice and improve the survival and quality of life of tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- 娅菽 赵
- 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院 病理生理学教研室 (成都 610041)Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 丽聪 邓
- 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院 病理生理学教研室 (成都 610041)Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 玥 曹
- 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院 病理生理学教研室 (成都 610041)Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 步云 马
- 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院 病理生理学教研室 (成都 610041)Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 月 李
- 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院 病理生理学教研室 (成都 610041)Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 靖怡 徐
- 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院 病理生理学教研室 (成都 610041)Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 红 李
- 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院 病理生理学教研室 (成都 610041)Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 英 黄
- 四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院 病理生理学教研室 (成都 610041)Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Chehelgerdi M, Chehelgerdi M, Khorramian-Ghahfarokhi M, Shafieizadeh M, Mahmoudi E, Eskandari F, Rashidi M, Arshi A, Mokhtari-Farsani A. Comprehensive review of CRISPR-based gene editing: mechanisms, challenges, and applications in cancer therapy. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:9. [PMID: 38195537 PMCID: PMC10775503 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01925-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR system is a revolutionary genome editing tool that has the potential to revolutionize the field of cancer research and therapy. The ability to precisely target and edit specific genetic mutations that drive the growth and spread of tumors has opened up new possibilities for the development of more effective and personalized cancer treatments. In this review, we will discuss the different CRISPR-based strategies that have been proposed for cancer therapy, including inactivating genes that drive tumor growth, enhancing the immune response to cancer cells, repairing genetic mutations that cause cancer, and delivering cancer-killing molecules directly to tumor cells. We will also summarize the current state of preclinical studies and clinical trials of CRISPR-based cancer therapy, highlighting the most promising results and the challenges that still need to be overcome. Safety and delivery are also important challenges for CRISPR-based cancer therapy to become a viable clinical option. We will discuss the challenges and limitations that need to be overcome, such as off-target effects, safety, and delivery to the tumor site. Finally, we will provide an overview of the current challenges and opportunities in the field of CRISPR-based cancer therapy and discuss future directions for research and development. The CRISPR system has the potential to change the landscape of cancer research, and this review aims to provide an overview of the current state of the field and the challenges that need to be overcome to realize this potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran.
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Matin Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Milad Khorramian-Ghahfarokhi
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Esmaeil Mahmoudi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Eskandari
- Faculty of Molecular and Cellular Biology -Genetics, Islamic Azad University of Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Asghar Arshi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Abbas Mokhtari-Farsani
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Department of Biology, Nourdanesh Institute of Higher Education, Meymeh, Isfahan, Iran
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17
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Fébrissy C, Adlanmerini M, Péqueux C, Boudou F, Buscato M, Gargaros A, Gilardi-Bresson S, Boriak K, Laurell H, Fontaine C, Katzenellenbogen BS, Katzenellenbogen JA, Guillermet-Guibert J, Arnal JF, Metivier R, Lenfant F. Reprogramming of endothelial gene expression by tamoxifen inhibits angiogenesis and ERα-negative tumor growth. Theranostics 2024; 14:249-264. [PMID: 38164151 PMCID: PMC10750193 DOI: 10.7150/thno.87306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: 17β-estradiol (E2) can directly promote the growth of ERα-negative cancer cells through activation of endothelial ERα in the tumor microenvironment, thereby increasing a normalized tumor angiogenesis. ERα acts as a transcription factor through its nuclear transcriptional AF-1 and AF-2 transactivation functions, but membrane ERα plays also an important role in endothelium. The present study aims to decipher the respective roles of these two pathways in ERα-negative tumor growth. Moreover, we delineate the actions of tamoxifen, a Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM) in ERα-negative tumors growth and angiogenesis, since we recently demonstrated that tamoxifen impacts vasculature functions through complex modulation of ERα activity. Methods: ERα-negative B16K1 cancer cells were grafted into immunocompetent mice mutated for ERα-subfunctions and tumor growths were analyzed in these different models in response to E2 and/or tamoxifen treatment. Furthermore, RNA sequencings were analyzed in endothelial cells in response to these different treatments and validated by RT-qPCR and western blot. Results: We demonstrate that both nuclear and membrane ERα actions are required for the pro-tumoral effects of E2, while tamoxifen totally abrogates the E2-induced in vivo tumor growth, through inhibition of angiogenesis but promotion of vessel normalization. RNA sequencing indicates that tamoxifen inhibits the E2-induced genes, but also initiates a specific transcriptional program that especially regulates angiogenic genes and differentially regulates glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation and inflammatory responses in endothelial cells. Conclusion: These findings provide evidence that tamoxifen specifically inhibits angiogenesis through a reprogramming of endothelial gene expression via regulation of some transcription factors, that could open new promising strategies to manage cancer therapies affecting the tumor microenvironment of ERα-negative tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanaëlle Fébrissy
- INSERM U1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, 31 432 Toulouse cedex 04, France
| | - Marine Adlanmerini
- INSERM U1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, 31 432 Toulouse cedex 04, France
| | - Christel Péqueux
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Tumeurs et du Développement, GIGA-Cancer, Université de Liège, B23, Liège, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Boudou
- INSERM U1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, 31 432 Toulouse cedex 04, France
| | - Mélissa Buscato
- INSERM U1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, 31 432 Toulouse cedex 04, France
| | - Adrien Gargaros
- INSERM U1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, 31 432 Toulouse cedex 04, France
| | - Silveric Gilardi-Bresson
- INSERM U1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, 31 432 Toulouse cedex 04, France
| | - Khrystyna Boriak
- INSERM U1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, 31 432 Toulouse cedex 04, France
| | - Henrik Laurell
- INSERM U1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, 31 432 Toulouse cedex 04, France
| | - Coralie Fontaine
- INSERM U1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, 31 432 Toulouse cedex 04, France
| | - Benita S. Katzenellenbogen
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - John A. Katzenellenbogen
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Jean-François Arnal
- INSERM U1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, 31 432 Toulouse cedex 04, France
| | - Raphaël Metivier
- Institut de Génétique De Rennes (IGDR). UMR 6290 CNRS-Université de Rennes, ERL INSERM U1305. CS 74205- 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- INSERM U1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, 31 432 Toulouse cedex 04, France
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Yang X, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wang L, Yi T, Yuan J, Wen W, Jian Y. Mitochondrial transplantation inhibits cholangiocarcinoma cells growth by balancing oxidative stress tolerance through PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Tissue Cell 2023; 85:102243. [PMID: 37865041 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a serious threat to human health, and tumor development is associated with abnormal mitochondrial function. It is believed that the introduction of healthy mitochondria into tumor cells can induce the oxidative stress in tumor cells to return to normal levels, thus exerting an inhibitory effect on tumor growth. METHODS Mitochondria isolated from 143BρW cells were co-cultured with HuCCT1 cells, and the mitochondria were stained with MitoTracker dye as a tracking label. Changes in apoptosis, proliferation, oxidative stress, and PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were assessed. In addition, a CCA nude mouse transplantation tumor model was constructed to analyze the effects of mitochondrial transplantation on the above factors in nude mice. Furthermore, the expression of PTEN was interfered to observe the effect and mechanism of mitochondrial transplantation on the proliferation and apoptosis of CCA cells. RESULTS Mitochondrial transplantation promoted apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation in CCA cell line. SOD, GSH, and CAT activities were significantly increased, the expression of PTEN was activated, and the expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT were inhibited after mitochondrial transplantation. After mitochondrial transplantation + si-PTEN treatment, cell apoptosis, SOD, GSH, CAT activity, and the expression of PTEN were decreased, while the expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT were significantly enhanced. CONCLUSION This study reveals the anti-tumor potential of mitochondrial transplantation through PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to regulate cellular oxidative stress in CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Wu Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Jian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Amato R, Lucchesi M, Marracci S, Filippi L, Dal Monte M. β-Adrenoceptors in Cancer: Old Players and New Perspectives. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2023. [PMID: 37982890 DOI: 10.1007/164_2023_701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Distress, or negative stress, is known to considerably increase the incidence of several diseases, including cancer. There is indeed evidence from pre-clinical models that distress causes a catecholaminergic overdrive that, mainly through the activation of β-adrenoceptors (β-ARs), results in cancer cell growth and cancer progression. In addition, clinical studies have evidenced a role of negative stress in cancer progression. Moreover, plenty of data demonstrates that β-blockers have positive effects in reducing the pro-tumorigenic activity of catecholamines, correlating with better outcomes in some type of cancers as evidenced by several clinical trials. Among β-ARs, β2-AR seems to be the main β-AR subtype involved in tumor development and progression. However, there are data indicating that also β1-AR and β3-AR may be involved in certain tumors. In this chapter, we will review current knowledge on the role of the three β-AR isoforms in carcinogenesis as well as in cancer growth and progression, with particular emphasis on recent studies that are opening new avenues in the use of β-ARs as therapeutic targets in treating tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Amato
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Filippi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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20
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Gu X, Chen S, Wang Z, Bu Q, An S. LZTS3/TAGLN Suppresses Cancer Progression in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Through Regulating Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Actin Cytoskeleton. Arch Med Res 2023; 54:102894. [PMID: 37806182 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2023.102894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have confirmed that the leucine zipper tumor suppressor (LZTS) gene family plays a vital role in modulating transcription and cell cycle control, especially in colorectal cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of leucine zipper tumor suppressor family member 3 (LZTS3) as a marker for COAD. METHODS Bioinformatics, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting were applied to assess the expression of LZTS3 in tissues. Gene overexpression or silencing was used to examine the biological roles of LZTS3 and validated using an in vivo nude mouse-human tumor model. RESULTS The results obtained in this study indicate that LZTS3 is highly expressed in COAD. RTCA, Transwell, actin stain, and in vitro transfection experiments confirmed that LZTS3 expression inhibits tumor cell proliferation and cell migration. The results obtained in the nude mouse-human tumor model are consistent with those obtained in vitro. In particular, LZTS3 may exert biological effects by targeting the NOTCH signaling pathway. Furthermore, TAGLN was demonstrated to be a downstream target of LZTS3. CONCLUSION This is the first study to demonstrate the important role of LZTS3 in the proliferation and migration of COAD and to shed light on the molecular mechanism underlying the tumor-suppressing role of LZTS3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpei Gu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuhui Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Affiliated Tai'an City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaojin Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, China
| | - Qianwen Bu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuhong An
- Department of Human Anatomy, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, China.
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21
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Zhao T, Du H, Yan C. Characterization of lysosomal acid lipase in Ly6G + and CD11c + myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Methods Cell Biol 2023; 184:119-131. [PMID: 38555152 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) is a key enzyme in the metabolic pathway of neutral lipids, whose deficiency (LAL-D) induces the differentiation of myeloid lineage cells into myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which promotes tumor growth and metastasis. This protocol provides detailed procedures for assessment of various LAL biochemical and physiological activities in Ly6G+ and CD11c+ MDSCs, including isolation of Ly6G+ and CD11c+ cells from the bone marrow and blood of mice, assays of LAL-D-induced cellular metabolic and mitochondrial activities, assessment of LAL-D-induced pathogenic immunosuppressive activity and tumor stimulatory activity. Pharmacological inhibition of the LAL activity was also described in both murine myeloid cells and human white blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
| | - Cong Yan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
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22
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Niu T, Li Z, Huang Y, Ye Y, Liu Y, Ye Z, Jiang L, He X, Wang L, Li J. LFA-1 knockout inhibited the tumor growth and is correlated with treg cells. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:233. [PMID: 37723552 PMCID: PMC10506322 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01238-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has been proven to be clinically effective in multiple types of cancers. Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), a member of the integrin family of adhesion molecules, is expressed mainly on αβ T cells. LFA-1 is associated with tumor immune responses, but its exact mechanism remains unknown. Here, two kinds of mice tumor model of LFA-1 knockout (LFA-1-/-) mice bearing subcutaneous tumor and Apc Min/+;LFA-1-/- mice were used to confirm that LFA-1 knockout resulted in inhibition of tumor growth. Furthermore, it also demonstrated that the numbers of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in the spleen, blood, mesenteric lymph nodes were decreased in LFA-1-/- mice, and the numbers of Treg cells in mesenteric lymph nodes were also decreased in Apc Min/+;LFA-1-/- mice compared with Apc Min/+ mice. LFA-1 inhibitor (BIRT377) was administered to subcutaneous tumor-bearing LFA-1+/+ mice, and the results showed that the tumor growth was inhibited and the number of Treg cells was reduced. The analysis of TIMER tumor database indicated that LFA-1 expression is positively associated with Treg cells and TNM stage. Conclusively, this suggests that LFA-1 knockout would inhibit tumor growth and is correlated with Treg cells. LFA-1 may be one potential target for cancer immunotherapy. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Niu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengyang Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiting Huang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Ye
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yilong Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijin Ye
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingbi Jiang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong He
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijing Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, 510006, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jiangchao Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuan Rd. E, Higher Education Mega Center, 510006, Guangzhou, China.
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Ou D, Wu Y, Zhang J, Liu J, Liu Z, Shao M, Guo X, Cui S. MYEOV with High Frequencies of Mutations in Head and Neck Cancers Facilitates Cancer Cell Malignant Behaviors. Biochem Genet 2023:10.1007/s10528-023-10484-9. [PMID: 37667096 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer driver genes (CDGs) and the driver mutations disrupt the homeostasis of numerous critical cell activities, thereby playing a critical role in tumor initiation and progression. In this study, integrative bioinformatics analyses were performed based on a series of online databases, aiming to identify driver genes with high frequencies of mutations in head and neck cancers. Higher myeloma overexpressed (MYEOV) genetic variation frequency and expression level were connected to a poorer prognosis in head and neck cancer patients. MYEOV was dramatically upregulated within head and neck tumor samples and cells. Consistently, MYEOV overexpression remarkably enhanced the aggressiveness of head and neck cancer cells by promoting colony formation, cell invasion, and cell migration. Conversely, MYEOV knockdown attenuated cancer cell aggressiveness and inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in the oral orthotopic tumor model. In conclusion, MYEOV is overexpressed in head and neck cancer, with greater mutation frequencies correlating to a poorer prognosis in head and neck cancer patients. MYEOV serves as an oncogene in head and neck cancer through the promotion of tumor cell colony formation, invasion, and migration, as well as promoting tumor growth and metastasis in the oral orthotopic tumor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deming Ou
- Department of Stomatology, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China.
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Jibin Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Minfeng Shao
- Department of Stomatology, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Xiaoying Guo
- Department of Stomatology, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Shiman Cui
- Department of Stomatology, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
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Chen Z. The Role of Specificity Protein 1 (SP1) in Bladder Cancer Progression through PTEN-Mediated AKT/mTOR Pathway. Urol Int 2023; 107:848-856. [PMID: 37666229 DOI: 10.1159/000532128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to investigate the potential mechanism of specificity protein 1 (SP1) in bladder cancer progression through the PTEN-mediated AKT/mTOR pathway. METHODS Human bladder cancer cell lines (HT-1197, HT-1376, and T24) and normal ureteral epithelial cell line SV-HUC-1 were used. SP1 expression was detected via quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. Cell viability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were assessed using CCK-8, transwell, and flow cytometry assays, respectively. The involvement of the PTEN-mediated AKT/mTOR pathway was evaluated by Western blot. A mouse xenograft model was built, and immunohistochemical staining was applied to visualize SP1 and Ki67 expression in tumor tissues. RESULTS SP1 was overexpressed in bladder cancer cells. SP1 knockdown inhibited viability, migration, and invasion and promoted apoptosis in bladder cancer cells. PTEN intervention increased cell viability, migration, and invasion and decreased apoptosis, which was reversed by SP1 knockdown. The activation of the AKT/mTOR pathway resulting from PTEN knockdown was attenuated by SP1 knockdown. In vivo results showed that SP1 knockdown suppressed tumor growth, increased PTEN expression, and decreased AKT/mTOR pathway-related protein levels. CONCLUSION SP1 promotes bladder cancer progression by inhibiting the PTEN-mediated AKT/mTOR pathway. Targeting SP1 may be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Urology Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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25
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Zhang J, Fang S, Rong F, Jia M, Wang Y, Cui H, Hao P. PSMD4 drives progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via Akt/COX2 pathway and p53 inhibition. Hum Cell 2023; 36:1755-1772. [PMID: 37336868 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00935-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathway is crucial for cellular regulation, including control of the cell cycle, differentiation, and apoptosis. Proteasome 26S Subunit Ubiquitin Receptor, Non-ATPase 4, (PSMD4) is a member of the ubiquitin proteasome family that is upregulated in multiple solid tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the existence of PSMD4 is associated with unfavorable prognosis. In this study, transcriptome sequencing of HCC tissues and non-tumor hepatic tissues from the public database Cancer Genome Atlas (TGCA) revealed a high expression of PSMD4. Additionally, PSMD4 loss in HCC cells suppressed the tumor development in mouse xenograft model. PSMD4, which is maintained by inflammatory factors secreted from tumor matrix cells, positively mediates cell growth and is associated with Akt/GSK-3β/ cyclooxygenase2 (COX2) pathway activation, inhibition of p53 promoter activity, and increased p53 degradation. However, the domain without the C-terminus (VWA+UIM1/2) sustained the activation of p53 transcription. Thus, our findings suggest that PSMD4 is involved in HCC tumor growth through COX2 expression and p53 downregulation. Therapeutic strategies targeting PSMD4 and its downstream effectors could be used for the treatment of PSMD4-abundant HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shu Fang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Fanghao Rong
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Miaomiao Jia
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Department of General Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Huixian Cui
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Peipei Hao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Su Y, Liu J, Zheng Z, Shi L, Huang W, Huang X, Ye C, Qi J, Wang W, Zhuang H. NSUN5-FTH1 Axis Inhibits Ferroptosis to Promote the Growth of Gastric Cancer Cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:553-560. [PMID: 37528314 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase 5 (NSUN5) - ferritin heavy chain (FTH1) pathway is associated with ferroptosis in stem cells, whereas its roles in gastric cancer are still unclear. Our study aims to investigate the roles of the NSUN5-FTH1 axis in gastric cancer (GC) and its molecular mechanisms. Stable cell lines were constructed on SGC7901 cells by using shRNAs and pcDNA3.1 expression vectors, respectively. CCK-8 kits were used to determine cell viability. Biochemicals assays were used to detect lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular Fe2+ levels. RNA immunoprecipitation assay, qPCR, and Western blotting were used to determine the changes in biomarkers. GC xenograft mouse model was established to confirm the observation in vivo. An elevation of NSUN5 was observed in GC tumor tissues. NSUN5 inhibited ferroptosis including decreasing cell viability and increasing levels of lipid ROS and Fe2+ in GC cells. Besides, a positive correlation was also observed between NSUN5 and FTH1. Interestingly, NSUN5 regulated the levels of FTH1, instead of FTH1 regulating NSUN5 in GC cells. NSUN5-FTH1 axis regulated erastin-induced ferroptosis in SGC7901 cells. Consistently, silencing NSUN5 or FTH1 inhibited the growth of the SGC7901 tumor in vivo. NSUN5-FTH1 axis promoted the growth of GC cells in part by the regulation of ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Su
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
| | - Jiangrui Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Zhihua Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Liangpan Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Wenchang Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Chengwei Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Jinyu Qi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Haibin Zhuang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
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Liu WJ, Wang L, Zhou FM, Liu SW, Wang W, Zhao EJ, Yao QJ, Li W, Zhao YQ, Shi Z, Qiu JG, Jiang BH. Elevated NOX4 promotes tumorigenesis and acquired EGFR-TKIs resistance via enhancing IL-8/PD-L1 signaling in NSCLC. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 70:100987. [PMID: 37392558 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.100987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been widely used for human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. However, acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs is the major barrier of treatment success, and new resistance mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that elevated NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression was associated with acquired EGFR-TKIs resistance. Gefitinib is the first-generation FDA-approved EGFR-TKI, and osimertinib is the third-generation FDA-approved EGFR-TKI. We demonstrated that NOX4 knockdown in the EGFR-TKI resistant cells enabled the cells to become sensitive to gefitinib and osimertinib treatment, while forced expression of NOX4 in the sensitive parental cells was sufficient to induce resistance to gefitinib and osimertinib in the cells. To elucidate the mechanism of NOX4 upregulation in increasing TKIs resistance, we found that knockdown of NOX4 significantly down-regulated the expression of transcription factor YY1. YY1 bound directly to the promoter region of IL-8 to transcriptionally activate IL-8 expression. Interestingly, knockdown of NOX4 and IL-8 decreased programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, which provide new insight on TKIs resistance and immune escape. We found that patients with higher NOX4 and IL-8 expression levels showed a shorter survival time compared to those with lower NOX4 and IL-8 expression levels in response to the anti-PD-L1 therapy. Knockdown of NOX4, YY1 or IL-8 alone inhibited angiogenesis and tumor growth. Furthermore, the combination of NOX4 inhibitor GKT137831 and gefitinib had synergistic effect to inhibit cell proliferation and tumor growth and to increase cellular apoptosis. These findings demonstrated that NOX4 and YY1 were essential for mediating the acquired EGFR-TKIs resistance. IL-8 and PD-L1 are two downstream targets of NOX4 to regulate TKIs resistance and immunotherapy. These molecules may be used as potential new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for overcoming TKIs resistance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Liu
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, The Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Lin Wang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, The Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Feng-Mei Zhou
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, The Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Shu-Wen Liu
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, The Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Wei Wang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, The Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Er-Jiang Zhao
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, The Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Quan-Jun Yao
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, The Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yan-Qiu Zhao
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, The Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Zhi Shi
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ge Qiu
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, The Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, The Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
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Guo X, Li H, Meng X, Zhao Z, Zhang R, Wang L, Li J. CD8 + T-cell number and function are altered by Shkbp1 knockout mediated suppression of tumor growth in mice. Mol Immunol 2023; 160:32-43. [PMID: 37343421 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
CD8 + effector cells are highly skilled in immune surveillance and contribute to adaptive immunity against cancer cells. An increasing number of molecular factors affecting T-cell differentiation may alter T-cell function by increasing or decreasing the capacity of the immune system to kill cancer cells. Here, Sh3kbp1 binding protein 1 (Shkbp1), known as CIN85 binding protein or SETA binding protein, was found to be expressed in immune organs and immune cells. Shkbp1 knockout mice presented abnormal red and white pulp structures in spleen. Shkbp1 knockout increased CD8 + T cell number in spleen and enhanced the function of isolated CD8 + T cells from Shkbp1 knockout mice. The subcutaneous melanoma model in Shkbp1 knockout mice showed that tumor growth was inhibited, and the infiltration of CD8 + T cells in tumor tissue was increased. Furthermore, adenoviral therapy targeting Shkbp1 indicated that knockout of Shkbp1 increased CD8 + T cells and inhibited tumor growth. This study provides new insights into the role of Shkbp1 in CD8 differentiation and functions, suggesting that Shkbp1 may be a new, potential target in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Guo
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haobin Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiuqiong Meng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - ZhiBin Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rongxin Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lijing Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jiangchao Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Sun N, Shen J, Shi Y, Liu B, Gao S, Chen Y, Sun J. TRIM58 functions as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer by promoting RECQL4 ubiquitination to inhibit the AKT signaling pathway. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:231. [PMID: 37516854 PMCID: PMC10385910 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03124-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of TRIM58 in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). CRC is one of the most common cancers of the digestive tract worldwide. The ubiquitin-proteasome system regulates many oncogenic or tumor-suppressive proteins. TRIM58, an E3 ubiquitin ligase and a member of the tripartite motif protein family, is a potential prognostic marker that indicates poor prognosis in cancer. Currently, the precise molecular mechanisms for the TRIM58-mediated CRC progression remain unclear. METHODS To examine the effects of TRIM58 on cell viability, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis in CRC, Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry assays were employed. The AKT inhibitor LY294002 was used to examine the effects of AKT signaling on TRIM58-mediated cell viability, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis in CRC. Additionally, Co-IP and ubiquitination assays were used to examine the correlation between TRIM58 and RECQL4. RESULTS TRIM58 overexpression inhibited CRC cell viability and promoted cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, in which the TRIM58 knockdown demonstrated inversed effects via the AKT signaling pathway. TRIM58 inhibited RECQL4 protein levels through its ubiquitin ligase activity, and RECQL4 overexpression inhibited TRIM58 overexpression-mediated CRC cell viability, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis. The downregulation of TRIM58 and upregulation of RECOL4 were observed in human CRC tissue, and TRIM58 demonstrated antitumor effects in CRC-induced tumor growth in a mouse model. CONCLUSIONS TRIM58 acts as a tumor suppressor in CRC through the promotion of RECQL4 ubiquitination and inhibition of the AKT signaling pathway and may be investigated for the successful treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naizhi Sun
- Department of General Surgery, North Hospital of Yancheng Third People's Hospital, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical, Theater Road No. 75, Tinghu District, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiacheng Shen
- Department of General Surgery, North Hospital of Yancheng Third People's Hospital, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical, Theater Road No. 75, Tinghu District, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- Department of General Surgery, North Hospital of Yancheng Third People's Hospital, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical, Theater Road No. 75, Tinghu District, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Biao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, North Hospital of Yancheng Third People's Hospital, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical, Theater Road No. 75, Tinghu District, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shengguo Gao
- Department of General Surgery, North Hospital of Yancheng Third People's Hospital, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical, Theater Road No. 75, Tinghu District, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yichuan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, North Hospital of Yancheng Third People's Hospital, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical, Theater Road No. 75, Tinghu District, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinwei Sun
- Department of General Surgery, North Hospital of Yancheng Third People's Hospital, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical, Theater Road No. 75, Tinghu District, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Kosnopfel C, Wendlinger S, Niessner H, Siewert J, Sinnberg T, Hofmann A, Wohlfarth J, Schrama D, Berthold M, Siedel C, Sauer B, Jayanthan A, Lenz G, Dunn SE, Schilling B, Schittek B. Inhibition of p90 ribosomal S6 kinases disrupts melanoma cell growth and immune evasion. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:175. [PMID: 37464364 PMCID: PMC10354913 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02755-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is frequently hyperactivated in malignant melanoma and its inhibition has proved to be an efficient treatment option for cases harboring BRAFV600 mutations (BRAFMut). However, there is still a significant need for effective targeted therapies for patients with other melanoma subgroups characterized by constitutive MAPK activation, such as tumors with NRAS or NF-1 alterations (NRASMut, NF-1LOF), as well as for patients with MAPK pathway inhibitor-resistant BRAFMut melanomas, which commonly exhibit a reactivation of this pathway. p90 ribosomal S6 kinases (RSKs) represent central effectors of MAPK signaling, regulating cell cycle progression and survival. METHODS RSK activity and the functional effects of its inhibition by specific small molecule inhibitors were investigated in established melanoma cell lines and patient-derived short-term cultures from different MAPK pathway-hyperactivated genomic subgroups (NRASMut, BRAFMut, NF-1LOF). Real-time qPCR, immunoblots and flow cytometric cell surface staining were used to explore the molecular changes following RSK inhibition. The effect on melanoma cell growth was evaluated by various two- and three-dimensional in vitro assays as well as with melanoma xenograft mouse models. Co-cultures with gp100- or Melan-A-specific cytotoxic T cells were used to assess immunogenicity of melanoma cells and associated T-cell responses. RESULTS In line with elevated activity of the MAPK/RSK signaling axis, growth and survival of not only BRAFMut but also NRASMut and NF-1LOF melanoma cells were significantly impaired by RSK inhibitors. Intriguingly, RSK inhibition was particularly effective in three-dimensional growth settings with long-term chronic drug exposure and suppressed tumor cell growth of in vivo melanoma models. Additionally, our study revealed that RSK inhibition simultaneously promoted differentiation and immunogenicity of the tumor cells leading to enhanced T-cell activation and melanoma cell killing. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, RSK inhibitors exhibited both multi-layered anti-tumor efficacy and broad applicability across different genomic melanoma subgroups. RSK inhibition may therefore represent a promising novel therapeutic strategy for malignant melanoma with hyperactivated MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Kosnopfel
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149, Muenster, Germany.
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany.
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center Wuerzburg, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Simone Wendlinger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center Wuerzburg, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Heike Niessner
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Siewert
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Sinnberg
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelika Hofmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Wohlfarth
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - David Schrama
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Marion Berthold
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Siedel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Sauer
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Georg Lenz
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | | | - Bastian Schilling
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
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Lv JL, Tan YJ, Ren YS, Ma R, Wang X, Wang SY, Liu WQ, Zheng QS, Yao JC, Tian J, Li J. Procyanidin C1 inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in colon cancer via modulating miR-501-3p/HIGD1A axis. J Adv Res 2023:S2090-1232(23)00199-6. [PMID: 37479180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although colon (COAD) and rectal adenocarcinoma (READ) combined to refer to colorectal cancer (CRC), substantial clinical evidence urged that CRC should be treated as two different cancers due to compared with READ, COAD showed higher morbidity and worse 5-year survival. OBJECTIVES This study has tried to screen for the crucial gene that caused the worse prognosis and investigate its mechanism for mediating tumor growth and metastases in COAD. Meanwhile, the potential anti-COAD compound implicated in this mechanism was identified and testified from 1,855 food-borne chemical kits. This study aims to bring a new perspective to the development of new anti-COAD drugs and personalized medicine for patients with COAD. METHODS AND RESULTS The survival-related hub genes in COAD and READ were screened out from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the results showed that HIGD1A, lower expressed in COAD than in READ, was associated with poor prognosis in COAD patients, but not in READ. Over-expressed HIGD1A suppressed CRC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, the different expressed microRNA profiles between COAD and READ showed that miR-501-3p was highly expressed in COAD and inhibited HIGD1A expression by targeting 3'UTR of HIGD1A. MiR-501-3p mimics promoted cell proliferation and metastasis in CRC cells. In addition, Procyanidin C1 (PCC1), a kind of natural polyphenol has been verified as a potential miR-501-3p inhibitor. In vitro and in vivo, PCC1 promoted HIGD1A expression by suppressing miR-501-3p and resulted in inhibited tumor growth and metastasis. CONCLUSION The present study verified that miR-501-3p/HIGD1A axis mediated tumor growth and metastasis in COAD. PCC1, a flavonoid that riched in food exerts anti-COAD effects by inhibiting miR-501-3p and results in the latter losing the ability to suppress HIGD1A expression. Subsequently, unfettered HIGD1A inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Lin Lv
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Yu-Jun Tan
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 221116, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yu-Shan Ren
- Department of Immunology, Medicine & Pharmacy Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Ru Ma
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Immunology, Medicine & Pharmacy Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Shu-Yan Wang
- Department of Immunology, Medicine & Pharmacy Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Wan-Qing Liu
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Qiu-Sheng Zheng
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Jing-Chun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., LTD, 276000, Linyi, China.
| | - Jun Tian
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 221116, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Jie Li
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China.
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Yuan SSF, Wang YM, Chan LP, Hung AC, Nguyen HDH, Chen YK, Hu SCS, Lo S, Wang YY. IL-1RA promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma malignancy through mitochondrial metabolism-mediated EGFR/JNK/SOX2 pathway. J Transl Med 2023; 21:473. [PMID: 37461111 PMCID: PMC10351194 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04343-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), a member of the IL-1 family, has diverse roles in cancer development. However, the role of IL-1RA in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), in particular the underlying mechanisms, remains to be elucidated. METHODS Tumor tissues from OSCC patients were assessed for protein expression by immunohistochemistry. Patient survival was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier curve analysis. Impact of differential IL-1RA expression on cultured OSCC cell lines was assessed in vitro by clonogenic survival, tumorsphere formation, soft agar colony formation, and transwell cell migration and invasion assays. Oxygen consumption rate was measured by Seahorse analyzer or multi-mode plate reader. PCR array was applied to screen human cancer stem cell-related genes, proteome array for phosphorylation status of kinases, and Western blot for protein expression in cultured cells. In vivo tumor growth was investigated by orthotopic xenograft in mice, and protein expression in xenograft tumors assessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Clinical analysis revealed that elevated IL-1RA expression in OSCC tumor tissues was associated with increased tumor size and cancer stage, and reduced survival in the patient group receiving adjuvant radiotherapy compared to the patient group without adjuvant radiotherapy. In vitro data supported these observations, showing that overexpression of IL-1RA increased OSCC cell growth, migration/invasion abilities, and resistance to ionizing radiation, whereas knockdown of IL-1RA had largely the opposite effects. Additionally, we identified that EGFR/JNK activation and SOX2 expression were modulated by differential IL-1RA expression downstream of mitochondrial metabolism, with application of mitochondrial complex inhibitors suppressing these pathways. Furthermore, in vivo data revealed that treatment with cisplatin or metformin-a mitochondrial complex inhibitor and conventional therapy for type 2 diabetes-reduced IL-1RA-associated xenograft tumor growth as well as EGFR/JNK activation and SOX2 expression. This inhibitory effect was further augmented by combination treatment with cisplatin and metformin. CONCLUSIONS The current study suggests that IL-1RA promoted OSCC malignancy through mitochondrial metabolism-mediated EGFR/JNK activation and SOX2 expression. Inhibition of this mitochondrial metabolic pathway may present a potential therapeutic strategy in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyng-Shiou F Yuan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 75 Bo-Ai Street, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ming Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 75 Bo-Ai Street, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shih-Chuan 1St Road, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Leong-Perng Chan
- Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital and Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Amos C Hung
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Hieu D H Nguyen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shih-Chuan 1St Road, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yuk-Kwan Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shih-Chuan 1St Road, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
- Division of Oral Pathology & Maxillofacial Radiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Stephen Chu-Sung Hu
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Steven Lo
- Canniesburn Regional Plastic Surgery and Burns Unit, Glasgow, G4 0SF, UK
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Yen-Yun Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shih-Chuan 1St Road, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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Zhao Y, Hu F, Wang Q. Cortactin contributes to the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer by activating ERK/MMP pathway. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18289. [PMID: 37539204 PMCID: PMC10395536 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor with high mortality and high incidence. This study aims to explore the function and molecular mechanism of Cortactin on gastric cancer progression in vitro and in vivo. A bioinformatics analysis from TCGA displayed that Cortactin was highly expressed in gastric cancer samples, and patients with a high Cortactin level had a worse survival rate. Subsequently, we investigated the specific mechanism of action of A in gastric cancer by collecting patient samples for immunohistochemistry, WB, qRT-PCR, cell transfection, cell invasion and metastasis, and constructing tumor xenografts in nude mice. Overexpression of Cortactin inhibited apoptosis and enhanced cellular proliferation and mobility in AGS cells, while those activities were reversed by the knockdown of MMP2 or MMP9. Conversely, the deletion of Cortactin induced apoptosis and suppressed cell growth and metastasis in SGC7901 cells, whereas those behaviors were inhibited by overexpression of MMP2 or MMP9. Additionally, the ERK pathway was activated by Cortactin upregulation. In vivo studies presented that overexpression of Cortactin promoted tumor growth, increased Ki67 expression, and reduced caspase 3 expression, which was reversed by ERK inhibitor treatment. In conclusion, Cortactin acted as an oncogene in gastric cancer and exerted its function by ERK/MMP2/MMP9 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233004, China
| | - Fang Hu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233004, China
| | - Qizhi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233004, China
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Zheng R, Wang Y. SLC9A5 promotes tumor growth and cell motility via ACOX1-mediated peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation. Exp Cell Res 2023:113700. [PMID: 37380010 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests a strong association between decreased lipid catabolism and the development of cancer. Solute carrier family 9 member A5 (SLC9A5) plays a regulatory role in colorectal function. However, the specific involvement of SLC9A5 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear, as well as its potential connection to lipid catabolism. We found that SLC9A5 exhibited significantly higher expression in CRC tumor tissues compared to adjacent paratumor tissues, as confirmed through analysis of the TCGA database and validation on a CRC tissue chip using IHC. Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that knockdown of SLC9A5 resulted in suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Then we performed bioinformatics analysis and found that SLC9A5 was significantly enriched in peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation (FAO) pathway and negatively correlated with its first rate-limiting enzyme acyl-CoA oxidases (ACOX). Interestingly, the expression of ACOX1, as well as FAO process indicated by changes in very long chain fatty acid levels, were enhanced upon SLC9A5 knockdown in CRC cells. Moreover, the attenuated tumor growth, migration, invasion, and increased FAO observed after SLC9A5 knockdown could be reversed by simultaneous knockdown of both SLC9A5 and ACOX1. In summary, these findings reveal the oncogenic role of SLC9A5 in CRC, particularly in relation to ACOX1-mediated peroxidation, and might serve as a promising therapeutic target for inhibiting the progression of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruipan Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yurong Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
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35
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Wang L, Zhou ZH, Xie YX, Liu WJ, Zhang RX, Jiang N, He ML, Qiu JG, Jiang BH. Dysregulation of MiR-199a/IL8 pathway in chronic Cr (VI)-induced tumor growth and angiogenesis. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 262:115155. [PMID: 37343486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a well-known environmental carcinogen. Recent studies revealed that chronic exposure of human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B, B2B) to Cr(VI) activated several signaling pathways and induced cell malignant transformation and tumor growth. However, new mechanisms of Cr(VI) in inducing carcinogenesis remains to be elucidated. This study showed that miR-199a expression levels were significantly lower in Cr(VI)-transformed Cr-T cells. By using the mouse model, the expression levels of miR-199a were significantly decreased in blood samples and lung tissues of mice intranasally exposed to Cr(VI) for 12 weeks compared to the solvent exposure control. Overexpression of miR-199a inhibited tube formation and angiogenesis. C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8, IL8) levels were significantly higher in blood samples of Cr (VI)-exposed workers compared to normal workers, and forced expression of miR-199a in the cells suppressed IL8 levels. miR-199a suppression induced expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 to increase IL8 expression. With animal experiment, the results showed that miR-199a overexpression inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis through inhibiting IL8, HIF-1α and NF-κB p65 expression in vivo. These results show that miR-199a/IL8 pathway is important in Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yun-Xia Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Wen-Jing Liu
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Rui-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Chest Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Ming-Liang He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian-Ge Qiu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
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Prajapati DR, Molczyk C, Purohit A, Saxena S, Sturgeon R, Dave BJ, Kumar S, Batra SK, Singh RK. Small molecule antagonist of CXCR2 and CXCR1 inhibits tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 563:216185. [PMID: 37062329 PMCID: PMC10218365 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has a poor prognosis, and current therapeutic strategies are ineffective in advanced diseases. We and others have shown the aberrant expression of CXCR2 and its ligands in PC development and progression. Our objective for this study was to evaluate the therapeutic utility of CXCR2/1 targeting using an small molecule antagonist, SCH-479833, in different PC preclinical murine models (syngeneic or xenogeneic). Our results demonstrate that CXCR2/1 antagonist had both antitumor and anti-metastatic effects in PC. CXCR2/1 antagonist treatment inhibited tumor cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and recruitment of neutrophils, while it increased apoptosis. Treatment with the antagonist enhanced fibrosis, tumor necrosis, and extramedullary hematopoiesis. Together, these findings suggest that selectively targeting CXCR2/1 with small molecule inhibitors is a promising therapeutic approach for inhibiting PC growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipakkumar R Prajapati
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, United States
| | - Caitlin Molczyk
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, United States
| | - Abhilasha Purohit
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, United States
| | - Sugandha Saxena
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, United States
| | - Reegan Sturgeon
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, United States
| | - Bhavana J Dave
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, United States
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5845, United States
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5845, United States
| | - Rakesh K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, United States.
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Ma W, Liu R, Zhao K, Zhong J. Vital role of SHMT2 in diverse disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 671:160-165. [PMID: 37302290 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
One-carbon metabolism is essential for our human cells to carry out nucleotide synthesis, methylation, and reductive metabolism through one-carbon units, and these pathways ensure the high proliferation rate of cancer cells. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2) is a key enzyme in one-carbon metabolism. This enzyme can convert serine into a one-carbon unit bound to tetrahydrofolate and glycine, ultimately supporting the synthesis of thymidine and purines and promoting the growth of cancer cells. Due to SHMT2's crucial role in the one-carbon cycle, it is ubiquitous in human cells and even in all organisms and highly conserved. Here, we summarize the impact of SHMT2 on the progression of various cancers to highlight its potential use in the development of cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Ma
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Ronghan Liu
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Jiangbo Zhong
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China.
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Ma R, Liu W, Sun T, Dang C, Li K. Clinical significance of FBXO43 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its impact on tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15373. [PMID: 37250703 PMCID: PMC10211365 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of FBXO43 on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its clinical significance have not yet been determined. This study aims to determine the clinical significance of FBXO43 in HCC and its impact on the biological functions of HCC cells. Methods Data from TCGA database were downloaded to investigate the expression of FBXO43 in HCC and its correlation with prognosis and immune infiltration. Immunohistochemical staining images of FBXO43 in HCC were acquired from the HPA website. HCC cells (BEL-7404 and SMMC-7721) were transfected with the lentivirus targeting FBXO43 to decrease FBXO43 expression in HCC cells. Western blotting assay was conducted to evaluate the expression level of FBXO43 protein. MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of HCC cells. The migration and invasion of HCC cells were investigated by performing scratch wound-healing and Transwell invasion assays, respectively. Results In comparison to normal tissues, FBXO43 is overexpressed in HCC tissue, and high FBXO43 expression is linked to late T stage, TNM stage and tumor grade. Elevated FBXO43 expression is a risk factor for HCC. In patients with high FBXO43 expression, the overall survival, disease-specific survival, progression-free survival and disease-free survival are poorer. The proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells are significantly attenuated in FBXO43 knockdown cells. Also, TCGA data analysis reveals that FBXO43 exhibits a positive correlation with immunosuppression of HCC. Conclusion FBXO43 is overexpressed in HCC, and is linked to late tumor stage, worse prognosis and tumor immunosuppression. FBXO43 knockdown restrains the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rulan Ma
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shannxi, China
| | - Tuanhe Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chengxue Dang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kang Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Kwon YJ, Seo EB, Kim SK, Lee HS, Lee H, Jang YA, Kim YM, Kim YN, Lee JT, Ye SK. Pharmacological anti-tumor effects of natural Chamaecyparis obtusa (siebold & zucc.) endl. Leaf extracts on breast cancer. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 313:116598. [PMID: 37146844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chamaecyparis obtusa (C. obtusa, cypress species) is a plant that grows mainly in the temperate Northern Hemisphere and has long been used as a traditional anti-inflammatory treatment in East Asia. C. obtusa contains phytoncides, flavonoids, and terpenes, which have excellent anti-cancer effects and have been reported to prevent the progression of various cancers. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying the anti-cancer effects of C. obtusa extracts are unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY We sought to confirm the anti-cancer effects of C. obtusa leaf extracts and to reveal the mechanism of action, with the possibility of its application in the treatment or prevention of cancer. MATERIAL &METHODS The cytotoxicity of C. obtusa leaf extracts was confirmed using an MTT assay. Intracellular changes in protein levels were measured by immunoblotting, and mRNA levels were measured with qRT-PCR. Wound healing assay and transwell migration assay were used to evaluate the metastatic potential of breast cancer cells. The extract-induced apoptosis was observed using IncuCyte Annexin V Red staining analysis. A syngeneic breast cancer mouse model was established by injecting 4T1-Luc mouse breast cancer cells into the fat pad of female BALB/c mice, and the extract was administered orally. Luciferin solution was injected intraperitoneally to assess primary tumor development and metastasis by bioluminescence. RESULTS C. obtusa leaf extracts were extracted with boiling water, 70% EtOH, and 99% EtOH. Among the extracts, the 99% EtOH extract of C. obtusa leaf (CO99EL) most clearly inhibited the tyrosine phosphorylation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (pY-STAT3) in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells at a concentration of 25 and 50 μg/mL. In addition, CO99EL strongly inhibited not only endogenous pY-STAT3 levels but also IL-6-induced STAT3 activation in various types of cancer cells, including breast cancer. CO99EL inhibited metastatic potential by downregulating the expression of N-cadherin, fibronectin, TWIST, MMP2, and MMP9 in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. CO99EL also induced apoptotic cell death by increasing cleaved caspase-3 and decreasing anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. In an in vivo syngeneic breast cancer mouse model, 100 mg/kg CO99EL suppressed tumor growth and induced apoptosis of cancer cells. Moreover, CO99EL significantly inhibited lung metastasis from primary breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that 100 mg/kg CO99EL has potent anti-tumor effects against breast cancer, thus suggesting that 100 mg/kg CO99EL has potential applications in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jin Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Cosmetic Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434, Republic of Korea; Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Bi Seo
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seul-Ki Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Seung Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Haeri Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Ah Jang
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Healthcare of KS R & DB Foundation, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yu Mi Kim
- Binotec Co., Ltd, Daegu, 42149, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong-Nyun Kim
- Division of Translational Science, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Tae Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Kyu Ye
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Neuro-Immune Information Storage Network Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, 25159, Republic of Korea.
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Jusino S, Rivera-Rivera Y, Chardón-Colón C, Rodríguez-Rodríguez PC, Román-González J, Juliá-Hernández VS, Isidro A, Mo Q, Saavedra HI. Sustained Shugoshin 1 downregulation reduces tumor growth and metastasis in a mouse xenograft tumor model of triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Div 2023; 18:6. [PMID: 37122033 PMCID: PMC10150544 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-023-00088-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TBNC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype with a poor prognosis. Shugoshin-1 (SGO1) protects chromatids from early separation. Previous studies from our group have demonstrated that transient SGO1 downregulation suppresses early stages of metastasis (the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, or EMT, cell invasion, and cell migration) in TNBC cells. Thus, the inhibition of SGO1 activity may represent a potential therapeutic intervention against cancers that progress to metastasis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of sustained shRNA-mediated SGO1 downregulation on tumor growth and metastasis in TBNC. To that end, female NOD-SCID Gamma (NSG) mice were injected with 2.5 × 106 shRNA Control (n = 10) or shRNA SGO1 (n = 10) MDA-MB-231 cells. After eight weeks, the number of mice with metastasis to the lymph nodes was calculated. Primary and metastatic tumors, as well as lung and liver tissue, were harvested, measured, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. RESULTS Tumor growth and metastasis to the lymph nodes and lungs were significantly reduced in the shRNA SGO1-treated mice group, while metastasis to the liver tends to be lower in cells with downregulated SGO1, but it did not reach statistical significance. Furthermore, sustained SGO1 downregulation significantly reduced cell proliferation, cell migration, and invasion which correlated with lower levels of Snail, Slug, MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9. CONCLUSION The supression of SGO1 activity in TNBC harboring dysregulated expression of SGO1 may be a potential target for preventing breast cancer growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Jusino
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, 395 Zona Industrial Reparada 2, Ponce, Puerto Rico, 00716-2348, USA
| | - Yainyrette Rivera-Rivera
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, 395 Zona Industrial Reparada 2, Ponce, Puerto Rico, 00716-2348, USA
| | - Camille Chardón-Colón
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, 395 Zona Industrial Reparada 2, Ponce, Puerto Rico, 00716-2348, USA
| | - Patricia C Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico-Ponce, 2151 Avenida Santiago de los Caballeros, Ponce, Puerto Rico, 00716, USA
| | - Janeishly Román-González
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, 395 Zona Industrial Reparada 2, Ponce, Puerto Rico, 00716-2348, USA
| | - Valeria S Juliá-Hernández
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, 395 Zona Industrial Reparada 2, Ponce, Puerto Rico, 00716-2348, USA
| | - Angel Isidro
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Physiology, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, 395 Zona Industrial Reparada 2, Ponce, Puerto Rico, 00716-2348, USA
| | - Qianxing Mo
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, Tampa, Florida, 33612, USA
| | - Harold I Saavedra
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, 395 Zona Industrial Reparada 2, Ponce, Puerto Rico, 00716-2348, USA.
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, 7004, Ponce, Puerto Rico, 00732-7004, USA.
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Li Z, Yang NH, Li B, Sun CY. [The regulation of APGAT4 on the growth and lenvatinib resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2023; 31:408-414. [PMID: 37248980 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20230225-00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferaseδ (APGAT4) on the growth and lenvatinib resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and provide novel targets for HCC treatment. Methods: Using the bioinformatics methods to screen out upregulated genes in lenvatinib resistant cell lines from GEO dataset and survival related genes from TCGA dataset. Immumohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression AGPAT4 in HCC tissues, and its correlation with patients' survival. CCK8, EdU, cell cycle, and cell apoptosis assays were used to investigate the impact of role AGPAT4 on the proliferation and lenvatinib reistance of HCC cells. AGPAT4 stable knockdown cell line and subcutaneous nude mouse model were established to test the therapeutic effects of Lenvatinib. Analysis of variance was used to compare the differences between data sets. Results: APGAT4 was the common factor that predicted poor survival and Lenvatinib resistance. The mRNA and protein levels of APGAT4 were significantly upregulated in HCC tissues compared to the para-tumor tissues (P < 0.05). Using siRNA could significantly knocked down the mRNA and protein expression of APGAT4 in HCC cell lines Hep3B and HCCLM3. Compared with the control group, the proliferation ability of HCC cell lines (Hep3B and HCCLM3) in APGAT4 knockdown group was significantly inhibited, and the cell cycle was arrested in G2/M phase (P < 0.05). In addition, compared to the control group, HCC cell lines (Hep3B and HCCLM3) in APGAT4 knockdown group showed significant decrease in the Lenvatinib half maximal inhibitory concentration, and were more sensitive to lenvatinib-induced apoptosis (P < 0.05). In HCC subcutaneous nude mouse model, compared to the control group, the growth of tumor in APGAT4 knockdown group was significantly suppressed, and more apoptosis cells were induced (P < 0.05). Conclusion: APGAT4 promotes the growth and Lenvatinib resistance of HCC, which is a potential target for HCC treatment. Targeting APGAT4 treatment is conducive to inhibit the growth and Lenvatinib resistance of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - N H Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - B Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - C Y Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
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Xu Y, Xu J, Qiao R, Zhong H, Xia J, Zhong R. Loss of BLK expression as a potential predictor of poor prognosis and immune checkpoint blockade response in NSCLC and contribute to tumor progression. Transl Oncol 2023; 33:101671. [PMID: 37068401 PMCID: PMC10127141 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has been proved to have significant anti-tumor effect in the clinical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, biomarkers predicting ICB response can provide better treatment for patients with NSCLC. METHODS Differential expression genes (DEGs) were identified by ImmuCellAI database. Copy number alteration (CNA) was analyzed by cBioPortal. The predicted efficiency of 4 genes on cancer immunotherapy was assessed by ROC analysis. The survival value of BLK was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier plotter and Prognoscan analysis. Clinical significance of BLK IHC-TMA score in NSCLC was also explored. The CCK-8 assay, wound healing assay, western blot assay in vitro and subcutaneous xenograft experiments in vivo were used for investigating the functions of BLK. The RNA-sequencing were performed to screen BLK regulated genes and conducted for GO/KEGG enrichment analysis. The transcriptional regulatory factor of BLK promoter region was predicted by ChIP-seq analysis. RESULTS 39 common DEGs between ICB Response (R) group and No Response (NR) group with NSCLC were identified, in which the CNA frequency of BLK deletion (> 6%) was found. The predicted efficiency of BLK on immunotherapy was performed best in NSCLC (AUC>0.7). Low expression of BLK was related to NSCLC with significantly poor prognosis. BLK overexpression can inhibit growth of NSCLC via activating apoptosis pathway, inhibiting the G2M checkpoint and Glycolysis pathway. The enrichment analysis indicated that BLK regulated genes related to oncogenic potential in NSCLC. Besides, BLK expression was inhibited via H3K27me3 modification in A549 and H1299 cells. BLK mRNA level was negatively correlated with methylation and positively correlated with the tumor purity in NSCLC. CONCLUSION Our study provides strong evidence that low expression of BLK may serve as a biomarker for poor prognosis in NSCLC, while response to ICB therapy and contributes to NSCLC tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Xu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.241 Huaihai West Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Jianlin Xu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.241 Huaihai West Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Rong Qiao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.241 Huaihai West Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.241 Huaihai West Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Jinjing Xia
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.241 Huaihai West Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Runbo Zhong
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.241 Huaihai West Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
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Ribatti D. Mast Cells and Resistance to Immunotherapy in Cancer. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2023; 71:11. [PMID: 37038035 PMCID: PMC10085948 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-023-00676-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells are involved in tumor growth and their mediators exert both pro- and anti-tumorigenic roles in different human cancers. The identification of defined immunosuppressive pathways that are present in the tumor microenvironment has pointed therapeutic strategies that may promote inflammation and/or innate immune activation in this context. Mast cells can contribute to the immune suppressive tumor microenvironment and may also enhance anti-tumor responses. This review article is focused on the analysis of the mechanisms of the role of mast cells in resistance to immunotherapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70125, Bari, Italy.
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Flandoli F, Leocata M, Ricci C. The Mathematical modeling of Cancer growth and angiogenesis by an individual based interacting system. J Theor Biol 2023; 562:111432. [PMID: 36746298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2023.111432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a mathematical model for the complex system for the growth of a solid tumor. The system embeds proliferation of cells depending on the surrounding oxygen field, hypoxia caused by insufficient oxygen when the tumor reaches a certain size, consequent VEGF release and angiogenic new vasculature growth, re-oxygenation of the tumor and subsequent tumor growth restart. Specifically cancerous cells are represented by individual units, interacting as proliferating particles of a solid body, oxygen, and VEGF are fields with a source and a sink, and new angiogenic vasculature is described by a network of growing curves. The model, as shown by numerical simulations, captures both the time-evolution of the tumor growth before and after angiogenesis and its spatial properties, with different distribution of proliferating and hypoxic cells in the external and deep layers of the tumor, and the spatial structure of the angiogenic network. The microscopic description of the growth opens the possibility of tuning the model to patient-specific scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Flandoli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, P.za dei Cavalieri, 7, Pisa, 56126, Italy.
| | - Marta Leocata
- Scuola Normale Superiore, P.za dei Cavalieri, 7, Pisa, 56126, Italy.
| | - Cristiano Ricci
- University of Pisa, Department of Economics and Management, Via Cosimo Ridolfi, 10, Pisa, 56124, Italy.
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Alam R, Yerrapragada A, Wlajnitz T, Watts E, Pallauf M, Enikeev D, Chang P, Wagner AA, McKiernan JM, Pierorazio PM, Allaf ME, Singla N. Evaluation of Growth Rates for Small Renal Masses in Elderly Patients Undergoing Active Surveillance. EUR UROL SUPPL 2023; 50:78-84. [PMID: 37101773 PMCID: PMC10123410 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As the adoption of active surveillance (AS) for small renal masses (SRMs) grows, the number of elderly patients enrolled for a prolonged period of time will increase. However, our understanding of comparative growth rates (GRs) in aging patients with SRMs remains poor. Objective To examine whether particular age cutoffs are associated with an increased GR for patients undergoing AS for SRMs. Design setting and participants We identified all patients with SRMs enrolled in the multi-institutional, prospective Delayed Intervention and Surveillance for Small Renal Masses (DISSRM) registry since 2009 who elected for AS. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis Two definitions of GR were examined: GR from the initial image (GRi) and GR from the prior image (GRp). Image measurements were dichotomized based on patient age at the time of imaging. Multiple age cutoffs were examined: 65, 70, 75, and 80 yr. Mixed-effect linear regression examined the associations between age and GR, with controlling to account for multiple measurements from the same individual. Results and limitations We examined 2542 measurements from 571 patients. The median age at enrollment was 70.9 yr (interquartile range [IQR] 63.2-77.4) with a median tumor diameter of 1.8 cm (IQR 1.4-2.5). As a continuous variable, age was not associated with GRi (-0.0001 cm/yr, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.007 to 0.007, p = 0.97) or GRp (0.008 cm/yr, 95% CI -0.004 to 0.020, p = 0.17) after adjustment. The only age thresholds associated with an increased GR were 65 yr for GRi and 70 yr for GRp. Limitations include the one-dimensional nature of the measurements used. Conclusions Increased age for patients on AS for SRMs is not associated with increased GRs. Patient summary We examined whether patients undergoing active surveillance (AS) exhibited accelerated growth of their small renal masses (SRMs) after a certain age. No demonstrable change was seen, suggesting that AS is a safe and durable management option for aging patients with SRMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridwan Alam
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anirudh Yerrapragada
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tina Wlajnitz
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Emelia Watts
- Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Maximilian Pallauf
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dmitry Enikeev
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter Chang
- Division of Urology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew A. Wagner
- Division of Urology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James M. McKiernan
- Department of Urology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Phillip M. Pierorazio
- Division of Urology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mohamad E. Allaf
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nirmish Singla
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Amini E, Rahgozar S, Golpich M, Kefayat A, Fesharaki M. Potential anti-cancer effects of hibernating common carp (Cyprinus carpio) plasma on B16-F10 murine melanoma: In vitro and in vivo studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2023;:124058. [PMID: 36931484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is the major type of skin cancer, which its treatment is still a challenge in the world. In recent years, interest in hibernation-based therapeutic approaches for various biomedical applications has been increased. Many studies indicated that some factors in the blood plasma of hibernating animals such as alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) cause anti-proliferative effects. Considering that, the present study was conducted to investigate the anti-cancer effects of hibernating common carp plasma (HCCP) on murine melanoma (B16-F10) in vitro and in vivo. The effect of HCCP on cell viability, migration, apoptosis rate, and cell cycle distribution of B16-F10 cells, tumor growth, and rate of survival were evaluated. To investigate the role of A2M in the anti-cancer effects of HCCP, the gene of interest and proteins in HCCP and non-hibernating common carp plasma (NHCCP) were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay as well as sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and mass spectrometry analysis. Based on our findings, HCCP significantly decreased B16-F10 cell viability. Moreover, HCCP caused morphological alternations, inhibition of migration, induction of apoptosis, and significantly induced the cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. In addition, A2M level was significantly increased in HCCP compared with NHCCP. Taken together, our findings suggested that HCCP had the potential to be a promising novel therapeutic target for cancer treatment because of its anti-cancer properties.
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Borzouei M, Mardaani M, Emadi-Baygi M, Rabani H. Development of a coupled modeling for tumor growth, angiogenesis, oxygen delivery, and phenotypic heterogeneity. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:1067-1081. [PMID: 36869277 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-023-01701-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of the evolution and growth dynamics of tumors is crucial for understanding cancer and the development of individually optimized therapies. During tumor growth, a hypoxic microenvironment around cancer cells caused by excessive non-vascular tumor growth induces tumor angiogenesis that plays a key role in the ensuing tumor growth and its progression into higher stages. Various mathematical simulation models have been introduced to simulate these biologically and physically complex hallmarks of cancer. Here, we developed a hybrid two-dimensional computational model that integrates spatiotemporally different components of the tumor system to investigate both angiogenesis and tumor growth/proliferation. This spatiotemporal evolution is based on partial diffusion equations, the cellular automation method, transition and probabilistic rules, and biological assumptions. The new vascular network provided by angiogenesis affects tumor microenvironmental conditions and drives individual cells to adapt themselves to spatiotemporal conditions. Furthermore, some stochastic rules are involved besides microenvironmental conditions. Overall, the conditions promote some commonly observed cellular states, i.e., proliferative, migrative, quiescent, and cell death, depending on the condition of each cell. Altogether, our results offer a theoretical basis for the biological evidence that regions of the tumor tissue near blood vessels are densely populated by proliferative phenotypic variants, while poorly oxygenated regions are sparsely populated by hypoxic phenotypic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Borzouei
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Shahrekord University, P.O. Box 115, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mardaani
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Shahrekord University, P.O. Box 115, Shahrekord, Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, 8818634141, Iran
| | - Modjtaba Emadi-Baygi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Hassan Rabani
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Shahrekord University, P.O. Box 115, Shahrekord, Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, 8818634141, Iran
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Ribatti D. The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 243:154367. [PMID: 36774760 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) CAM is an extraembryonic membrane generated by the fusion of the chorion with the vascularized allantoic membrane. It performs multiple functions during embryonic development, including respiration, calcium transport from the eggshell, acid-base homeostasis, and ion/water reabsorption from the allantoic fluid. The CAM is a widely used model for the study of angiogenesis, anti-angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis as well as drug efficacy. Ethical approval is omitted if experiments are terminated at embryonic day 14 in most countries, facilitating screenings of pharmacological or physics-based therapies with high reproducibility at large scales supporting the 3Rs principle. Being naturally immunodeficient, the chick embryo accepts transplantation from various tissues and species without immune response. This review article is focused on the analysis of the literature and personal data concerning the effects of patient-derived xenografts (PDX) on the CAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy.
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Okada KI, Kawai M, Hirono S, Miyazawa M, Kitahata Y, Ueno M, Hayami S, Ikoma A, Sonomura T, Wan K, Shimokawa T, Yamaue H. Radiological Shape of the Tumor Predicts Progression and Survival in Resected Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. J Gastrointest Surg 2023:10.1007/s11605-023-05614-y. [PMID: 36749559 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-023-05614-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The histological features and radiological shape of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA) have not been widely studied in relation to prognosis. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) is thought to be useful in diagnosis of progress and tumor distribution; it can also show morphological differences (round, triangular, and square forms) at the tumoral obstruction sites. Histological types of eCCA may be revealed, with potential association with tumor growth and survival. METHODS We examined the distribution of tumor radiological shape subtypes on MDCT. The surgical outcomes of consecutive patients with eCCA who underwent macroscopic curative resection were reviewed. RESULTS CT subtypes in 109 patients were 62 triangular, 35 square, and 12 round. There were clear prognostic differences in long-term survival rates (P < 0.001); 5-year survival rates were 100% in round, 64% in triangular, and 19% in square types. There was no recurrence in any cases of round-type tumor at the site of obstruction. Depth of tumor invasion and rates of nodal involvement were significantly higher in triangular and square-type tumors than in round-type tumors. In papillary adenocarcinoma, radiological obstructions were round type in seven patients (78%) and triangular type in two patients (22%). In tubular adenocarcinoma, all round-type tumors were well differentiated, the ratio of square-type tumors increasing as the degree of differentiation decreased from "well" to "moderate," and "poor" respectively (23%, 39%, 57%; P = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS Tumor radiological shape predicts tumor progression, histological type, and survival in eCCA. This information may be helpful in preoperative radiological staging on MDCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Okada
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan.
| | - Manabu Kawai
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Seiko Hirono
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Motoki Miyazawa
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Yuji Kitahata
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Akira Ikoma
- Department of Radiology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Sonomura
- Department of Radiology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Ke Wan
- Clinical Study Support Center, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Toshio Shimokawa
- Clinical Study Support Center, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamaue
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
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50
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Tanaka K, Kondo T, Narita M, Muta T, Yoshida S, Sato D, Suda Y, Hamada Y, Shimizu T, Kuzumaki N, Narita M. Cancer aggravation due to persistent pain signals with the increased expression of pain-related mediators in sensory neurons of tumor-bearing mice. Mol Brain 2023; 16:19. [PMID: 36737827 PMCID: PMC9896755 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-023-01001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that intractable pain reduces both the quality of life and survival in cancer patients. In the present study, we evaluated whether chronic pain stimuli could directly affect cancer pathology using tumor-bearing mice. For this purpose, we used two different models of chronic pain in mice, neuropathic pain and persistent postsurgical pain, with Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) as tumor cells. We found that tumor growth was dramatically promoted in these pain models. As well as these pain models, tumor growth of LLC, severe osteosarcoma (AXT) and B16 melanoma cells was significantly promoted by concomitant activation of sensory neurons in AAV6-hM3Dq-injected mice treated with the designer drug clozapine-N-oxide (CNO). Significant increases in mRNA levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (Vegfa), tachykinin precursor 1 (Tac1) and calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha (Calca) in the ipsilateral side of dorsal root ganglion of AAV6-hM3Dq-injected mice were observed by concomitant activation of sensory neurons due to CNO administration. Moreover, in a model of bone cancer pain in which mice were implanted with AXT cells into the right femoral bone marrow cavity, the survival period was significantly prolonged by repeated inhibition of sensory neurons of AAV6-hM4Di-injected mice by CNO administration. These findings suggest that persistent pain signals may promote tumor growth by the increased expression of sensory-located peptides and growth factors, and controlling cancer pain may prolong cancer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Tanaka
- grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XPresent Address: Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan ,grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Takashige Kondo
- grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XPresent Address: Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan
| | - Michiko Narita
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Takeru Muta
- grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XPresent Address: Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan
| | - Sara Yoshida
- grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XPresent Address: Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan ,grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Daisuke Sato
- grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XPresent Address: Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan
| | - Yukari Suda
- grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XPresent Address: Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan ,grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Yusuke Hamada
- grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XPresent Address: Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan ,grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Takatsune Shimizu
- grid.412239.f0000 0004 1770 141XDepartment of Pathophysiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 Japan
| | - Naoko Kuzumaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan. .,Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Minoru Narita
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan. .,Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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