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Yan T, Lei S, Zhou B, Huang Y, Li X, Zhang J, Huang Q, Zhang L. Association between preoperative anemia and postoperative short-term outcomes in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery - a propensity score matched retrospective cohort study. BMC Anesthesiol 2023; 23:307. [PMID: 37697231 PMCID: PMC10494383 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-023-02270-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on previous studies which failed to analyze important confounding variables, the association between preoperative anemia and outcomes of patients who underwent colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery has not been clearly demonstrated. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between preoperative anemia and short-term outcomes in patients with CRC. METHODS Data from a retrospective collective database of patients who underwent CRC surgery at our hospital between September 1, 2019 and September 30, 2021 were retrieved and analyzed, and the short-term postoperative outcomes of anemic (hemoglobin < 120 g dL- 1 for female, hemoglobin < 130 g dL- 1 for male) and non-anemic patients were analyzed, using a 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. RESULTS After excluding some cases, the remaining 1894 patients had complete data available for analysis. The incidence of preoperative anemia was 39.8% (754/1894). Before PSM, preoperative anemia patients had a higher risk of major morbidity than non-anemia patients (27.2% vs. 23.1%, odds ratio [OR] 1.245, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.008-1.538, P = 0.042). After PSM was performed in the cohort, 609 patients remained in the anemic and non-anemic groups. The incidence of major morbidity (25.8% vs. 24.0%, OR 1.102, 95% CI 0.849-1.429, P = 0.446) between anemic and non-anemic patients was comparable. No significant difference was found between the anemic and non-anemic groups in postoperative length of stay (8.0 [6.0-12.0] vs. 8.0 [7.0-11.0], P = 0.311). The sensitivity analysis results were in accordance with the primary outcome. Furthermore, we did not ascertain any discernible correlation between the extent of anemia and significant major morbidity. CONCLUSIONS Compared with preoperative non-anemia, anemia status does not seem to be associated with major morbidity in patients with CRC surgery. It is noteworthy that, anemia is insufficient as a solitary risk factor and may be a better marker of poor health resulting from multiple factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registration Authority: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; Registration number and date: ChiCTR2100049696, 08/08/2021; Principal investigator: Ting Yan; Link to trial registry: http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=131698 ; .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xin-Quan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Shaohui Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingbing Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xin-Quan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Yaqi Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xin-Quan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xin-Quan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Information Systems and Management Engineering, Southern Science and Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qijian Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xin-Quan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Liangcheng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xin-Quan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
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Li B, Liu S, Gao Y, Zheng L, Lu Y. Combined detection of SDC2/ADHFE1/PPP2R5C methylation in stool DNA for colorectal cancer screening. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:10241-10253. [PMID: 37270460 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04943-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease of global concern, and its increasing incidence suggests the need for early and accurate diagnosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of combined detection of SDC2, ADHFE1 and PPP2R5C gene methylation in stool samples for early CRC screening. METHODS Stool samples from patients with CRC (n = 105), advanced adenoma (AA) (n = 54), non-advanced adenoma (NA) (n = 57), hyperplastic or other polyps (HOP) (n = 47) or no evidence of disease (NED) (n = 100) were collected from September 2021 to September 2022. The methylation levels of SDC2, ADHFE1 and PPP2R5C were quantified by quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (qMSP), and faecal immunochemical testing (FIT) was performed. The diagnostic value was assessed using reporter operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS The sensitivity of combined detection of SDC2/ADHFE1/PPP2R5C methylation in predicting CRC (0-IV) was 84.8%, the specificity was 98.0%, and the AUC was 0.930 (95% CI 0.889-0.970). Compared to FIT and serum tumour biomarkers, it showed better diagnostic performance for different stages of CRC. CONCLUSION The results of this study verified that the methylation levels of SDC2, ADHFE1 and PPP2R5C in stool DNA were significantly increased in CRC patients. Combined detection of SDC2/ADHFE1/PPP2R5C methylation is a potential non-invasive diagnostic method for CRC and precancerous lesion screening. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trials Registry, ChiCTR2100046662, registered on 26 May 2021, prospective registration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shanglong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Longbo Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yun Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Gude SS, Veeravalli RS, Vejandla B, Gude SS, Venigalla T, Chintagumpala V. Colorectal Cancer Diagnostic Methods: The Present and Future. Cureus 2023; 15:e37622. [PMID: 37197135 PMCID: PMC10185295 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
To meet the needs of the colorectal cancer (CRC) patient population, colorectal cancer screening is continuously updated. The most significant advice is to start CRC screening exams at age 45 for people at average risk for CRC. CRC testing is divided into two categories: stool-based tests and visual inspections. High-sensitivity guaiac-based fecal occult blood testing, fecal immunochemical testing, and multitarget stool DNA testing are stool-based assays. Colon capsule endoscopy and flexible sigmoidoscopy are visualization examinations. There have been arguments about the importance of these tests in detecting and managing precursor lesions because of the lack of validation of screening results. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence and genetics have prompted the creation of newer diagnostic tests, which require validation in diverse populations and cohorts. In this article, we have discussed the present and emerging diagnostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tejaswi Venigalla
- Internal Medicine, Einstein Medical Center Montgomery, East Norriton, USA
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Identification of a Novel Tumor Inflammation Signature for Risk Stratification, Prognosis Prediction, and Immune Status in Colorectal Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3465391. [PMID: 35880031 PMCID: PMC9308547 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3465391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Inflammation and immune cell dysfunction have been widely known as an essential role in the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Yet, the role of tumor inflammation signature (TIS) associated with CRC prognosis, immune infiltration, and drug resistance remained unknown. Method The transcriptome sequencing data, as well as clinical data of CRC from the public dataset, were acquired for further investigation. Inflammation-related gene expression patterns were obtained and analyzed. Bioinformatics methods were used to build a prognostic TIS, and its prediction accuracy was verified by using ROC curve analyses. The independent prognostic factors in CRC were identified through multivariable Cox regression analysis. In addition, the specific features of the immunological landscape between low- and high-risk CRC cohorts were analyzed. Results We firstly screened the differentially expressed inflammation-related genes in CRC and constructed a prognostic TIS. We further classified CRC patients into high or low TIS score groups based on the optimal cutoff of prognostic TIS, and patients with high-risk scores had shorter overall survival (OS) than those in the low-risk cohort. The diagnostic accuracy of TIS was evaluated and confirmed with ROC analysis. The result of the univariate and multivariate analysis found that TIS was directly and independently linked to OS of CRC. Otherwise, an optimal nomogram model based on TIS exhibited a better prognostic accuracy in OS. Finally, the immunological status and immune cell infiltration were observed different in the two-risk cohorts. Conclusion In summary, the risk model of the TIS in CRC was found to be useful for predicting patient prognosis and guiding individual treatment. This risk signature could also serve as potential biomarkers and immunotherapeutic targets and indicate immunotherapy response for patients with CRC.
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Sharma R. A comparative examination of colorectal cancer burden in European Union, 1990-2019: Estimates from Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study. Int J Clin Oncol 2022; 27:1309-1320. [PMID: 35590123 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-022-02182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study examines the burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) in European Union (EU) countries in the last 3 decades. METHODS The data pertaining to CRC burden were procured from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study for 28 EU countries (including United Kingdom) for the period 1990-2019. The age-standardized rates of CRC were utilized to compare the country-wise burden and joinpoint regression models were applied to examine the trends. RESULTS In EU, CRC incident cases increased by 70.2% from 261,306 to 444,872 and deaths increased by 36.8% from 155,823 to 213,174 between 1990 and 2019. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) increased by 11.9% from 37.8/100,000 to 42.3/100,000 between 1990 and 2019; in contrast, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) decreased by 16.9% (1990: 22.4/100,000; 2019: 18.6/100,000) and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDALR) decreased by 18.6% (1990: 472.9/100,000; 2019: 385.1/100,000) in the study period. In 2019, Hungary was the leading country in terms of ASMR (28.6/100,000) and ASDALR (630.3/100,000), and Lithuania (29.2/100,000) had the lowest ASIR, whereas Finland had the lowest ASMR (12.3/100,000) and ASDALR (253.6/100,000) in 2019. CONCLUSION CRC incidence is increasing in EU and mortality rates, although decreasing, are still unacceptably high. CRC control efforts must be focused around early detection using screening and prevention through reduction of modifiable risk factors. Increasing CRC incidence rates in young adults in recent years requires more research to pinpoint risk factors, and there must be more awareness of this recent development among general public and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Sharma
- University School of Management and Entrepreneurship, Delhi Technological University, East Delhi Campus, Room No. 305, Vivek Vihar Phase II, Delhi, 110095, India.
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Fellizar A, Refuerzo V, Ramos JD, Albano PM. Expression of specific microRNAs in tissue and plasma in colorectal cancer. J Pathol Transl Med 2022; 57:147-157. [PMID: 35501673 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2022.02.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNA/miR) play significant roles in the regulation of cell differentiation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis. They become dysregulated during carcinogenesis and are eventually released into the circulation, enabling their detection in body fluids. Thus, this study compared the miRNA expression in tissue and plasma samples of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and clinically healthy controls and determined miRNA expression as a potential CRC biomarker. METHODS Using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), miR-21-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-92a-3p, miR-135b-5p, miR-196b-5p, and miR-197-3p, expression was analyzed and compared between the malignant (n = 41) and the adjacent neoplasm free mucosal tissues (n = 41) of CRC patients. The findings were validated in plasma samples (n = 36) collected from the same CRC patients prior to surgery or any form of treatment and compared to plasma from their age and sex-matched controls (n = 36). RESULTS MiR-21-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-92a-3p, and miR- 196b-5p were upregulated and miR-135b-5p was downregulated in CRC malignant tissues compared to their expression in adjacent neoplasm-free tissue. This was further observed in the plasma of the same CRC cases compared to controls. MiR-92a-3p showed itself the most sensitive (0.93; p < .001) and most specific (0.95; p < .001) in detecting CRC in tissue. In plasma, miR-196b-5p was the most sensitive (0.97; p < .001) and specific (0.94; p < .001) in detecting CRC. Plasma miR-92a-3p and miR-196b-5p were the most sensitive (0.95; p < .001) and specific (0.94; p < .001) in the early detection of CRC. CONCLUSIONS Results show that specific miRNAs dysregulated in malignant tissues are released and can be detected in the circulation, supporting their potential as non-invasive biomarkers of CRC.
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Sharma A, Yadav D, Rao P, Sinha S, Goswami D, Rawal RM, Shrivastava N. Identification of potential therapeutic targets associated with diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer patients based on integrated bioinformatics analysis. Comput Biol Med 2022; 146:105688. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Rahiminejad S, Maurya MR, Mukund K, Subramaniam S. Modular and mechanistic changes across stages of colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:436. [PMID: 35448980 PMCID: PMC9022252 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09479-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While mechanisms contributing to the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) are well studied, cancer stage-specific mechanisms have been less comprehensively explored. This is the focus of this manuscript. METHODS Using previously published data for CRC (Gene Expression Omnibus ID GSE21510), we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across four stages of the disease. We then generated unweighted and weighted correlation networks for each of the stages. Communities within these networks were detected using the Louvain algorithm and topologically and functionally compared across stages using the normalized mutual information (NMI) metric and pathway enrichment analysis, respectively. We also used Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) algorithm to detect potential biomarkers having a role in CRC. RESULTS Sixteen Thousand Sixty Two DEGs were identified between various stages (p-value ≤ 0.05). Comparing communities of different stages revealed that neighboring stages were more similar to each other than non-neighboring stages, at both topological and functional levels. A functional analysis of 24 cancer-related pathways indicated that several signaling pathways were enriched across all stages. However, the stage-unique networks were distinctly enriched only for a subset of these 24 pathways (e.g., MAPK signaling pathway in stages I-III and Notch signaling pathway in stages III and IV). We identified potential biomarkers, including HOXB8 and WNT2 with increasing, and MTUS1 and SFRP2 with decreasing trends from stages I to IV. Extracting subnetworks of 10 cancer-relevant genes and their interacting first neighbors (162 genes in total) revealed that the connectivity patterns for these genes were different across stages. For example, BRAF and CDK4, members of the Ser/Thr kinase, up-regulated in cancer, displayed changing connectivity patterns from stages I to IV. CONCLUSIONS Here, we report molecular and modular networks for various stages of CRC, providing a pseudo-temporal view of the mechanistic changes associated with the disease. Our analysis highlighted similarities at both functional and topological levels, across stages. We further identified stage-specific mechanisms and biomarkers potentially contributing to the progression of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rahiminejad
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mano R Maurya
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kavitha Mukund
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shankar Subramaniam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Li J, Liu X, Dong S, Liao H, Huang W, Yuan X. Circ_0101802 Facilitates Colorectal Cancer Progression Depending on the Regulation of miR-665/DVL3 Signaling. Biochem Genet 2022; 60:2250-2267. [PMID: 35314912 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10207-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy in both men and women, and the prognosis of CRC patients is still unsatisfactory. We aimed to identify novel effective diagnostic and prognostic targets for CRC. The study design is listed as below: we first confirmed the linear correlation between the expression of disheveled 3 (DVL3) and circular RNA_0101802 (circ_0101802) in CRC tissues, and their functional correlation in CRC cells was verified by rescue assays. Subsequently, bioinformatics databases were used to search the common interacted microRNAs (miRNAs) of DVL3 and circ_0101802, and compensation experiments were conducted to verify the functional correlation between miR-665 and DVL3 in CRC cells. Finally, xenograft tumor model was established to confirm the role of circ_0101802/miR-665/DVL3 axis in tumor growth in vivo. The expression of DVL3 and circ_0101802 was elevated in CRC tissues and cell lines, and high levels of DVL3 and circ_0101802 were closely associated with short survival time of CRC patients. Circ_0101802 silencing restrained the proliferation, migration, and tube formation abilities and induced the apoptosis of CRC cells. Circ_0101802 silencing-induced anti-tumor effects in CRC cells were partly reversed by DVL3 overexpression. miR-665 was an intermediary molecule between circ_0101802 and DVL3, and circ_0101802 could positively regulate DVL3 protein expression by sponging miR-665 in CRC cells. DVL3 overexpression partly overturned miR-665 overexpression-mediated anti-tumor effects in CRC cells. Circ_0101802 knockdown significantly suppressed xenograft tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, circ_0101802 contributed to CRC progression by targeting miR-665/DVL3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- The Department of Medical Oncology, Huizhou Municipal Center Hospital, No. 41 Eling North Road, Huizhou, 516001, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinbin Liu
- The Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huizhou Municipal Center Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Shaoting Dong
- The Department of Medical Oncology, Huizhou Municipal Center Hospital, No. 41 Eling North Road, Huizhou, 516001, Guangdong, China
| | - Haojie Liao
- The Department of Medical Oncology, Huizhou Municipal Center Hospital, No. 41 Eling North Road, Huizhou, 516001, Guangdong, China
| | - Weizhen Huang
- The Department of Medical Oncology, Huizhou Municipal Center Hospital, No. 41 Eling North Road, Huizhou, 516001, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Yuan
- The Department of Medical Oncology, Huizhou Municipal Center Hospital, No. 41 Eling North Road, Huizhou, 516001, Guangdong, China.
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Yuan B, Ma B, Yu J, Meng Q, Du T, Li H, Zhu Y, Sun Z, Ma S, Song C. Fecal Bacteria as Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Colorectal Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:664321. [PMID: 34447694 PMCID: PMC8383742 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.664321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) ranks one of the five most lethal malignant tumors both in China and worldwide. Early diagnosis and treatment of CRC could substantially increase the survival rate. Emerging evidence has revealed the importance of gut microbiome on CRC, thus fecal microbial community could be termed as a potential screen for non-invasive diagnosis. Importantly, few numbers of bacteria genus as non-invasive biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity causing less cost would be benefitted more in clinical compared with the whole microbial community analysis. Here we analyzed the gut microbiome between CRC patients and healthy people using 16s rRNA sequencing showing the divergence of microbial composition between case and control. Furthermore, ExtraTrees classifier was performed for the classification of CRC gut microbiome and heathy control, and 13 bacteria were screened as biomarkers for CRC. In addition, 13 biomarkers including 12 bacteria genera and FOBT showed an outstanding sensitivity and specificity for discrimination of CRC patients from healthy controls. This method could be used as a non-invasive method for CRC early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Research and Development Department, Shanghai Personal Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China.,ECNU-PERSONAL Joint Laboratory of Genetic Detection and Application, Shanghai Personal Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingkai Meng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Du
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Research and Development Department, Shanghai Personal Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueyan Zhu
- Research and Development Department, Shanghai Personal Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Zikui Sun
- Research and Development Department, Shanghai Personal Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China.,ECNU-PERSONAL Joint Laboratory of Genetic Detection and Application, Shanghai Personal Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Siping Ma
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Chun Song
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Tepeš B, Mlakar DN, Stefanovič M, Štabuc B, Grazio SF, Zakotnik JM. The impact of 6 years of the National Colorectal Cancer Screening Program on colorectal cancer incidence and 5-year survival. Eur J Cancer Prev 2021; 30:304-310. [PMID: 33369945 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to assess the impact of the first three rounds of the National Colorectal Cancer Screening Program (NCCSP) on CRC incidence and mortality in Slovenia. In NCCSP, we use two fecal immune tests (FITs) and if test is positive patient is referred to colonoscopy. From 2009, we invite Slovenian residents aged 50-69 years, one screening round takes 2 years. The response rate was from 56.9 to 59.9%. FIT was positive in 6.0-6.2% (more in older patients and in men; P < 0.05). The adenoma detection rate was >51.3% (more in men; P < 0.01). In NCCSP, 70.3% of all cancers diagnosed were in stages I and II, while 20.7% of all CRC were found in polyps resected during colonoscopies. Patients with positive first FIT have odds ratio 2.19 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.06-2.32] for advanced neoplasia and cancer compared to patients with two negative FITs. The incidence rate for CRC has dropped significantly after 6 years in population and in men (P < 0.01) but not in women. Five-year CRC survival was 31.3% higher if cancer was diagnosed in NCCSP (P < 0.05). After 6 years of NCCSP, the incidence rate for CRC has dropped significantly (P < 0.01). Hazard ratio for death from CRC was 3.84 higher (95% CI, 3.36-4.40; P < 0.001) in patients with cancer detected outside the program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojan Tepeš
- AM DC Rogaška, Department of Gastroenterology, Rogaška Slatina
| | | | | | - Borut Štabuc
- University Clinical Center, Clinical department of Gastroenterology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Fecal DNA Testing of TWIST1 Methylation Identifies Patients With Advanced Colorectal Adenoma Missed by Fecal Immunochemical Test for Hemoglobin. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2021; 11:e00176. [PMID: 32467409 PMCID: PMC7339193 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We have reported previously that fecal DNA testing of TWIST1 methylation in combination with the fecal immunochemical test for hemoglobin (FIT) (combination test) is useful for colorectal neoplasia screening. In this study, using larger sample sizes, we studied the clinical performance of the combination test for the detection of colorectal neoplasia and, especially, advanced colorectal adenoma. METHODS We performed a prospective study in which FIT, fecal DNA testing of TWIST1 methylation, and colonoscopy were performed on 372 patients with colorectal neoplasia and 71 subjects without colorectal neoplasia. We assessed the individual clinical performance of each of FIT and fecal DNA testing of TWIST1 methylation and of the combination test for the detection of colorectal neoplasia including advanced adenoma based on morphologic subtypes. RESULTS The FIT alone had a sensitivity of 7.5% (3/40) for nonadvanced adenoma, 32.3% (41/127) for advanced adenoma, and 93.7% (192/205) for colorectal cancer and a specificity of 87.3% (62/71). The combination test had a sensitivity of 35.0% (14/40) for nonadvanced adenoma, 68.5% (87/127) for advanced adenoma, and 95.6% (196/205) for colorectal cancer and a specificity of 80.3% (57/71). For morphological subtypes of advanced adenoma, the sensitivity of FIT was only 28.2% (20/71) for polypoid type and 16.1% (5/31) for nonpolypoid type, whereas the combination test increased the sensitivities to 64.8% (46/71) and 71.0% (22/31), respectively. DISCUSSION The combination of the fecal DNA test with FIT seemed to be useful to detect colorectal neoplasia and, especially, advanced adenoma of the nonpolypoid type.
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Chen Z, Shen Z, Zhang Z, Zhao D, Xu L, Zhang L. RNA-Associated Co-expression Network Identifies Novel Biomarkers for Digestive System Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:659788. [PMID: 33841514 PMCID: PMC8033200 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.659788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers of the digestive system are malignant diseases. Our study focused on colon cancer, esophageal cancer (ESCC), rectal cancer, gastric cancer (GC), and rectosigmoid junction cancer to identify possible biomarkers for these diseases. The transcriptome data were downloaded from the TCGA database (The Cancer Genome Atlas Program), and a network was constructed using the WGCNA algorithm. Two significant modules were found, and coexpression networks were constructed. CytoHubba was used to identify hub genes of the two networks. GO analysis suggested that the network genes were involved in metabolic processes, biological regulation, and membrane and protein binding. KEGG analysis indicated that the significant pathways were the calcium signaling pathway, fatty acid biosynthesis, and pathways in cancer and insulin resistance. Some of the most significant hub genes were hsa-let-7b-3p, hsa-miR-378a-5p, hsa-miR-26a-5p, hsa-miR-382-5p, and hsa-miR-29b-2-5p and SECISBP2 L, NCOA1, HERC1, HIPK3, and MBNL1, respectively. These genes were predicted to be associated with the tumor prognostic reference for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zijie Shen
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Da Zhao
- School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Electronic and Communication Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, China
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14
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Butt J, Blot WJ, Visvanathan K, Le Marchand L, Wilkens LR, Chen Y, Sesso HD, Teras L, Ryser MD, Hyslop T, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Tinker LF, Potter JD, Song M, Berndt SI, Waterboer T, Pawlita M, Epplein M. Auto-antibodies to p53 and the Subsequent Development of Colorectal Cancer in a U.S. Prospective Cohort Consortium. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:2729-2734. [PMID: 32972968 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auto-antibodies to tumor suppressor p53 are found in a subset of patients with colorectal cancer. A recent prospective study in the United States has reported a significant 1.8-fold increased odds for colorectal cancer development with prediagnostic seropositivity to p53. In this study, we sought to examine this association in a U.S. colorectal cancer cohort consortium to evaluate the potential utility of p53 auto-antibodies as an early biomarker for colorectal cancer. METHODS Auto-antibodies to p53 were measured in prediagnostic blood samples of 3,702 incident colorectal cancer cases and 3,702 controls, matched by age, race, and sex, from 9 U.S. prospective cohorts. The association of seropositivity to p53 with colorectal cancer risk, overall and by time between blood draw and diagnosis, was determined by conditional logistic regression. RESULTS Overall, 5% of controls and 7% of cases were seropositive to p53, resulting in a statistically significant 33% increased colorectal cancer risk [odds ratio (OR), 1.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09-1.61]. By follow-up time, the association was only significant with colorectal cancer diagnoses within 4 years after blood draw (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.62-3.19), but not thereafter (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.76-1.24). CONCLUSIONS In this large consortium of prospective cohorts, we found that prediagnostic seropositivity to tumor suppressor p53 was significantly associated with an over 2-fold increased odds of developing colorectal cancer within 4 years after blood draw. IMPACT Our finding suggests that p53 seropositivity may not be a useful predictor of long-term colorectal cancer risk; however, it might be considered as a marker to aid in the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Butt
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Duke Cancer Institute, and Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - William J Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lauren Teras
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Marc D Ryser
- Department of Population Health Sciences, and Department of Mathematics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Terry Hyslop
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Duke Cancer Institute, and Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Lesley F Tinker
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - John D Potter
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand.,Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit and Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Meira Epplein
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Duke Cancer Institute, and Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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15
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Wang J, Yu S, Chen G, Kang M, Jin X, Huang Y, Lin L, Wu D, Wang L, Chen J. A novel prognostic signature of immune-related genes for patients with colorectal cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8491-8504. [PMID: 32564470 PMCID: PMC7412433 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers with an estimated 1.8 million new cases worldwide and associated with high mortality rates of 881 000 CRC-related deaths in 2018. Screening programs and new therapies have only marginally improved the survival of CRC patients. Immune-related genes (IRGs) have attracted attention in recent years as therapeutic targets. The aim of this study was to identify an immune-related prognostic signature for CRC. To this end, we combined gene expression and clinical data from the CRC data sets of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) into an integrated immune landscape profile. We identified a total of 476 IRGs that were differentially expressed in CRC vs normal tissues, of which 18 were survival related according to univariate Cox analysis. Stepwise multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis established an immune-related prognostic signature consisting of SLC10A2, FGF2, CCL28, NDRG1, ESM1, UCN, UTS2 and TRDC. The predictive ability of this signature for 3- and 5-year overall survival was determined using receiver operating characteristics (ROC), and the respective areas under the curve (AUC) were 79.2% and 76.6%. The signature showed moderate predictive accuracy in the validation and GSE38832 data sets as well. Furthermore, the 8-IRG signature correlated significantly with tumour stage, invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis by univariate Cox analysis, and was established an independent prognostic factor by multivariate Cox regression analysis for CRC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed a relationship between the IRG prognostic signature and various biological pathways. Focal adhesions and ECM-receptor interactions were positively correlated with the risk scores, while cytosolic DNA sensing and metabolism-related pathways were negatively correlated. Finally, the bioinformatics results were validated by real-time RT-qPCR. In conclusion, we identified and validated a novel, immune-related prognostic signature for patients with CRC, and this signature reflects the dysregulated tumour immune microenvironment and has a potential for better CRC patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Shaojun Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncologythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Guofeng Chen
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Muxing Kang
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoli Jin
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Lele Lin
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Lie Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated HospitalInstitute of ImmunologyZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
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16
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Xie Y, Li J, Li P, Li N, Zhang Y, Binang H, Zhao Y, Duan W, Chen Y, Wang Y, Du L, Wang C. RNA-Seq Profiling of Serum Exosomal Circular RNAs Reveals Circ-PNN as a Potential Biomarker for Human Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:982. [PMID: 32626660 PMCID: PMC7314951 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are emerging as cardinal areas of focus in the non-coding RNA field. Growing evidences have revealed exosomal circRNAs as potential biomarkers for detection of various cancers. However, the clinical importance of most serum exosomal circRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) have rarely been investigated. In this study, we examined the possible clinical application of serum exosomal circRNAs in the diagnosis of CRC. Firstly, we conducted RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis using fifty CRC and fifty healthy control serum samples to identify CRC-related circRNAs. The sequencing data showed 122 differentially expressed circRNAs including 100 up-regulated and 22 down-regulated circRNA transcripts in CRC patients. Then, eight most dysregulated circRNAs were selected for validation by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay. Validation analysis revealed that the serum exosomal circ-PNN (hsa_circ_0101802) levels were significantly up-regulated in CRC cases compared with those in the healthy control groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis suggested that circ-PNN had significant value in CRC diagnosis with areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.855 and 0.826 in the training and validation sets, respectively. We also found that the AUC of serum exosomal circ-PNN for early-stage CRC was 0.854. Finally, a network map based on circ-PNN was constructed to determine its potential miRNA-mRNAs binding. We also demonstrated that the expression of hsa-miR-6833-3P, hsa-let-7i-3p and hsa-miR-1301-3P were negatively correlated with circ-PNN in CRC patients. Collectively, our findings indicated that serum exosomal circ-PNN might be a potential non-invasive biomarker for the detection of CRC and may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peilong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Helen Binang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yinghui Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Weili Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lutao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Tumor Marker Detection Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Tumor Marker Detection Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
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17
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Guo L, Yang G, Kang Y, Li S, Duan R, Shen L, Jiang W, Qian B, Yin Z, Liang T. Construction and Analysis of a ceRNA Network Reveals Potential Prognostic Markers in Colorectal Cancer. Front Genet 2020; 11:418. [PMID: 32457800 PMCID: PMC7228005 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide and is derived from an accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes. This study explored potential prognostic markers in CRC via the construction and in-depth analysis of a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, which was generated through a three-step process. First, we screened candidate hub genes in CRC as the primary gene markers to survey their related regulatory non-coding RNAs, miRNAs. Second, the interacting miRNAs were used to search for associated lncRNAs. Thus, candidate RNAs were first constructed into ceRNA networks based on close associations with miRNAs. Further analysis at the isomiR level was also performed for each miRNA locus to understand the detailed expression patterns of the multiple variants. Finally, RNAs were performed an in-depth analysis of expression correlations, which contributed to further screening and validation of potential RNAs with close correlations to each other. Using this approach, nine hub genes, 13 related miRNAs, and 29 candidate lncRNAs were collected and used to construct the ceRNA network. Further in-depth analysis identified the MFAP5-miR-200b-3p-AC005154.6 axis as a potential prognostic marker in CRC. MFAP5 and miR-200b-3p have previously been reported to play important roles in tumorigenesis. These RNAs showed potential prognostic values, and the combination of them may have more sensitivity than using them alone. In conclusion, MFAP5, miR-200b-3p, and AC005154.6 may have potential prognostic value in CRC and may provide a prognostic reference for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Guowei Yang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihao Kang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Sunjing Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Duan
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lulu Shen
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenwen Jiang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Bowen Qian
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Zibo Yin
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingming Liang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.,Changzhou Institute of Innovation & Development, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Li T, Wang B, Zhang L, Cui M, Sun B. Silencing of Long Noncoding RNA LINC00346 Inhibits the Tumorigenesis of Colorectal Cancer Through Targeting MicroRNA-148b. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:3247-3257. [PMID: 32368083 PMCID: PMC7173865 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s242715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was aimed to explore the regulatory effect of long noncoding RNA LINC00346 (LINC00346) on colorectal cancer (CRC) and the potential molecular mechanisms. METHODS The expression of LINC00346 and microRNA-148b (miR-148b) in CRC tissues and cells was detected by qRT-PCR. LINC00346 was overexpressed and silenced in HT29 and HCT116 cells by the transfection of pcDNA-LINC00346 and si-LINC00346, respectively. The cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were analyzed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), wound-healing, transwell, and flow cytometry assay, respectively. The targeting relationship between LINC00346 and miR-148b was predicted by TargetScan and determined by dual-luciferase reporter assay. A tumor xenograft model was established in mice to evaluate the tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS The expression of LINC00346 was up-regulated in CRC tissues and cells. The expression of LINC00346 was positively associated with the TNM stage, lymphoma metastasis and histological grade. Overexpression of LINC00346 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion and inhibited the apoptosis of HT29 and HCT116 cells. MiR-148b was a target of LINC00346. Silencing of miR-148b reversed the anti-tumor effect of si-LINC00346 on CRC cells. Furthermore, silencing of LINC00346 inhibited the tumor growth in mice through up-regulating miR-148b. CONCLUSION Silencing of LINC00346 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted the apoptosis of CRC cells through targeting miR-148b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Benjun Wang
- Department of Anorectal, Shandong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan City, Shandong Province250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lianxiang Zhang
- Department of Anorectal, Huantai County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huantai County, Shandong Province256400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Cui
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250014, People’s Republic of China
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19
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Li X, Chen R, Li Z, Luo B, Geng W, Wu X. Diagnostic Value of Combining miRNAs, CEA Measurement and the FOBT in Colorectal Cancer Screening. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2549-2557. [PMID: 32346309 PMCID: PMC7167282 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s238492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common illnesses that seriously threatens human health; many papers have reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers for cancer detection. However, miRNAs have not been used in clinical practice even though they are superior to the currently used screening tools, such as the fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) measurement. Methods In this study, we focused on the usefulness of a panel of miRNAs and the combination of miRNAs with the FOBT and CEA measurement, the currently used general diagnosis methods, to improve the accuracy of CRC diagnosis. Results The results showed that the miRNA panel has great potential value as a diagnostic biomarker with high specificity and sensitivity, and further analysis demonstrated that the miRNA panel had higher sensitivity and specificity than the FOBT and CEA measurement, even when these methods were combined. More importantly, although the miRNA panel is superior to the FOBT and CEA measurement, it cannot replace them. Conclusions In this research, we investigated whether complementarity exists between the miRNA panel and the FOBT and CEA measurement for CRC diagnosis. Interestingly, the results indicated that the FOBT and CEA measurement could improve the positivity rate of the miRNA panel as a biomarker and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Li
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of the Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Chen
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of the Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifa Li
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of the Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Luo
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of the Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyan Geng
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of the Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobing Wu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of the Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
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20
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Zhou H, Yang Z, Yue J, Chen Y, Chen T, Mu T, Liu H, Bi X. Identification of potential hub genes via bioinformatics analysis combined with experimental verification in colorectal cancer. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:425-438. [PMID: 32064687 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a kind of malignant cancer with high morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to explore potential regulated key genes involved in CRC through bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification. The gene expression profile data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus, and the differential expression genes were detected in cancerous and paracancerous samples of CRC patients, respectively. Then functional enrichment analysis, such as the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis as well as the protein-protein interaction network were constructed, and the highly related genes were clustered by Molecular COmplex DEtection algorithm to find out the core interaction in different genes' crosstalk. The genes affecting CRC prognosis were screened by the Human Protein Atlas database. In addition, the expression level of core genes was detected by GEPIA database, and the core genes' changes in large-scale cancer genome data set were directly analyzed by cBioPortal database. The expression of the predicted hub genes DSN1, AHCY, and ERCC6L was verified by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction in CRC cells. The gene function of DSN1 was analyzed by wound healing and colony formation assays. The results showed that silencing of DSN1 could significantly reduce the migration and proliferation of CRC cells. Further, BUB1B, the potential interacting protein of DSN1, was also predicted via bioinformatics analysis. Above all, this study shows that bioinformatics analysis combined with experimental method verification provide more potential vital genes for the prevention and therapy of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Zhou
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiaxin Yue
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Chen
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianqiao Chen
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Teng Mu
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
- Research Center for Computer Simulating and Information Processing of Bio-macromolecules of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiuli Bi
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
- Research Center for Computer Simulating and Information Processing of Bio-macromolecules of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
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21
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Li Y, Li X, Qu J, Luo D, Hu Z. Cas9 Mediated Correction of β-catenin Mutation and Restoring the Expression of Protein Phosphorylation in Colon Cancer HCT-116 Cells Decrease Cell Proliferation in vitro and Hamper Tumor Growth in Mice in vivo. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:17-29. [PMID: 32021251 PMCID: PMC6954092 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s225556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major contributors to cancer mortality and morbidity. Finding strategies to fight against CRC is urgently required. Mutations in driver genes of APC or β-catenin play an important role in the occurrence and progression of CRC. In the present study, we jointly apply CRISPR/Cas9-sgRNA system and Single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide (ssODN) as templates to correct a heterozygous ΔTCT deletion mutation of β-catenin present in a colon cancer cell line HCT-116. This method provides a potential strategy in gene therapy for cancer. Methods A Cas9/β-catenin-sgRNA-eGFP co-expression vector was constructed and co-transfected with ssODN into HCT-116 cells. Mutation-corrected single-cell clones were sorted by FACS and judged by TA cloning and DNA sequencing. Effects of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated correction were tested by real-time quantitative PCR, Western blotting, CCK8, EDU dyeing and cell-plated clones. Moreover, the growth of cell clones derived tumors was analyzed at nude mice xenografts. Results CRISPR/Cas9-mediated β-catenin mutation correction resulted in the presence of TCT sequence and the re-expression of phosphorylation β-catenin at Ser45, which restored the normal function of phosphorylation β-catenin including reduction of the transportation of nuclear β-catenin and the expression of downstream c-myc, survivin. Significantly reduced cell growth was observed in β-catenin mutation-corrected cells. Mice xenografted with mutation-corrected HCT-116 cells showed significantly smaller tumor size than uncorrected xenografts. Conclusion The data of this study documented that correction of the driven mutation by the combination of CRISPR/Cas9 and ssODN could greatly remedy the biological behavior of the cancer cell line, suggesting a potential application of this strategy in gene therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlan Li
- Translational Medicine Institute, the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan 432000, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangning Li
- Translational Medicine Institute, the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan 432000, People's Republic of China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-Through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hunan 432000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayao Qu
- Translational Medicine Institute, the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan 432000, People's Republic of China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-Through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hunan 432000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dixian Luo
- Translational Medicine Institute, the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan 432000, People's Republic of China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-Through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hunan 432000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Translational Medicine Institute, the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan 432000, People's Republic of China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-Through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hunan 432000, People's Republic of China
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Colorectal cancer detection by biomarker quantification in noninvasively collected colorectal mucus: preliminary comparison of 24 protein biomarkers. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 31:1220-1227. [PMID: 31498281 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Noninvasive colorectal cancer detection and screening remain global diagnostic challenges because the existing stool tests either lack sensitivity or are complex and expensive. Moreover, colorectal cancer screening uptake is low due to stool sampling inconvenience. We have developed a simple and patient-friendly noninvasive technique for collecting highly informative colorectal mucus. In this study, we aimed to comparatively assess a range of candidate biomarkers in colorectal mucus samples for colorectal cancer detection. METHODS The study included 17 patients with colorectal cancer and 35 healthy controls, who provided noninvasively collected colorectal mucus samples. Protein biomarker quantification in these samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays allowed comparing diagnostic performances of 24 candidate biomarkers that comprised haemoglobin, D-dimer, M2-pyruvate kinase, carcinoembryonic antigen, C-reactive protein, calprotectin, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin, protein S100A12, tumour necrosis factor α, clusterin, soluble cytokeratin 18, caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18, citrullinated histone H3, peptidyl arginine deiminase 4, epidermal growth factor, epidermal growth factor receptor, matrix metalloproteinase 9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1, periostin, vascular endothelial growth factor A, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and mucin 2. Tested biomarkers were ranked for colorectal cancer detection efficiency using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS High area under the curve values between 0.943 and 0.768 were observed for haemoglobin, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1, M2-pyruvate kinase, peptidyl arginine deiminase 4, C-reactive protein, matrix metalloproteinase 9, epidermal growth factor receptor, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin and calprotectin. CONCLUSION Quantification of protein biomarkers in noninvasively collected samples of colorectal mucus certainly allows detecting colorectal cancer. Further clinical evaluation of the optimal biomarkers identified by this study is needed.
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The Role of Circulating CD16+CD56+ Natural Killer Cells in the Screening, Diagnosis, and Staging of Colorectal Cancer before Initial Treatment. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:7152183. [PMID: 31636738 PMCID: PMC6766087 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7152183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective A reliable noninvasive prediction tool for the screening, diagnosis, and/or staging of colorectal cancer (CRC) before surgery is critical for the choice of treatment and prognosis. Methods Patients admitted for initial treatment of CRC between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2018, were retrieved and reviewed. Records of CD16+CD56+ natural killer (NK) cells were analyzed according to the stages of CRC. Results The number of qualified participants in the healthy, stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV CRC patients were 60, 66, 60, 70, and 68, respectively. There was a significant difference in circulating CD16+CD56+ NK cells between the healthy group and the CRC group (p < 0.01), as well as between the healthy group and stage III or IV CRC group (p < 0.01 and 0.001, respectively). The percentage of circulating CD16+CD56+ NK cells in lymphocytes was negatively correlated with the occurrence of CRC. When comparing the pool of stage I and II CRC cases with the pool of stage III and IV CRC cases using circulating CD16+CD56+ NK cells, the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve was 0.878. Using an optimal cutoff value of 15.6%, the OR was 0.06 (0.03, 0.11), p < 0.001, sensitivity was 86.5%, specificity was 72.5%, positive predictive value was 74.2%, and negative predictive value was 85.5%. Conclusions Circulating CD16+CD56+ NK cells can be used as a screening and diagnostic/staging tool for CRC.
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Cui F, Qu D, Sun R, Nan K. Circulating CD16+CD56+ nature killer cells indicate the prognosis of colorectal cancer after initial chemotherapy. Med Oncol 2019; 36:84. [PMID: 31493232 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-019-1307-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) does not always coincide with the pathology and/or surgical findings, a reliable noninvasive prediction tool for the prognosis of CRC is needed. Patients admitted for initial treatment of CRC between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2015 were retrieved and reviewed. Records of circulating CD16+ CD56+ natural killer (NK) cells were analyzed before and after the initial chemotherapy of FOLFOX plan. Patients were followed up until June 30, 2019. One hundred and twenty-four cases after the FOLFOX chemotherapy were enrolled into this study. There were no significant differences in gender, age, or number of metastasis cases between the survival group and the nonsurvival group (p > 0.05), but significant differences in pre-chemotherapy, post-chemotherapy, and the differences between pre- and post-chemotherapy circulating CD16+ CD56+ NK cells between the survival group and the nonsurvival group (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.05, respectively) were observed. For the prediction of survival and nonsurvival CRC cases, the Areas Under the Curve were 0.626 and 0.759 in the Receiver-Operating Characteristic curves for the pre- and post-chemotherapy circulating CD16+ CD56+NK cells, respectively. Using an optimal cutoff value of 11.8% in post-chemotherapy circulating CD16+CD56+NK cells to differentiate survival and nonsurvival cases, the odds ratio was 0.12 (0.05, 0.27), p < 0.001. The percentages of both pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy circulating CD16+CD56+NK cells were negatively correlated with the prognosis of CRC. The percentage of post-chemotherapy circulating CD16+CD56+NK cells was able to effectively predict the prognosis of CRC cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, No. 277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shanxi, China
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Di Qu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruya Sun
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kejun Nan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, No. 277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shanxi, China.
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25
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Taş F, Kocaöz S, Çirpan R. The effect of knowledge and health beliefs about colorectal cancer on screening behaviour. J Clin Nurs 2019; 28:4471-4477. [PMID: 31410923 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of the knowledge and health beliefs of individuals about colorectal cancer on their screening behaviour. BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer ranks third among the most common cancers both worldwide and in Turkey. Colorectal cancer plays an important role in cancer mortality but can be prevented by promoting healthy behaviour and participation in early screening programmes. DESIGN This descriptive study was completed with 114 women and 121 men. METHODS The study data were collected using the 'Data collection form' and 'Health Belief Model Scale for Protection from Colorectal Cancer'. Potential risk factors were investigated using logistic regression analyses. The AGREE checklist was completed. RESULTS The colorectal cancer screening tests were known by 23.0% of the subjects and 17% had undergone one of these tests. The score medians obtained from the confidence-benefit subscale of Health Belief Model Scale for Protection from Colorectal Cancer were found to be significantly higher in those who had undergone colorectal cancer screening. Logistic regression analysis revealed that having knowledge of the relevant tests was associated with undergoing colorectal cancer screening. CONCLUSIONS Having knowledge on colorectal cancer screening tests increases the relevant confidence-benefit perception regarding the tests and the behaviour of participating in screening programmes. Regular training on colorectal cancer and early diagnosis should therefore be provided by healthcare professionals to both women and men aged 50-70 years to increase the rate of undergoing early screening tests. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Increasing the rate of early screening is among the responsibilities of health workers working in primary health centres. Therefore, problems that prevent individuals from participating in these programmes need to be identified. In this way, health workers will develop suggestions and initiatives that change the individual's health beliefs and increase motivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdane Taş
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Nursing Department, Niğde Zübeyde Hanım School of Health, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Semra Kocaöz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic Nursing, Nursing Department, Niğde Zübeyde Hanım School of Health, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Rabiye Çirpan
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Nursing Department, Niğde Zübeyde Hanım School of Health, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
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Circulating Noncoding RNAs Have a Promising Future Acting as Novel Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:2587109. [PMID: 31275444 PMCID: PMC6589288 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2587109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, causing a large number of cancer-related deaths each year. Patients are usually diagnosed at advanced and incurable stages due to the lack of suitable screening methods for early detection. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including small and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA), are known to have significant regulatory functions, and accumulating evidence suggests that circulating ncRNAs have potential applications as noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosing CRC, evaluating its prognosis, or predicting chemosensitivity in the general population. In this review, we summarize the origins of circulating ncRNAs and provide details of single and multiple circulating ncRNAs that might have roles as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in CRC. We end by discussing circulating ncRNAs that may distinguish patients with resistance to chemotherapy.
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El-Daly SM, Morsy SM, Medhat D, El-Bana MA, Latif YA, Omara EA, Awadallah JR, Gamal-Eldeen AM. The diagnostic efficacy of circulating miRNAs in monitoring the early development of colitis-induced colorectal cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16668-16680. [PMID: 31095784 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Early detection of colorectal cancer and monitoring the progress in colon carcinogenesis stages is essential to reduce mortality. Therefore, there is continuous search for noninvasive biomarkers with high stability and good sensitivity and specificity. miRNAs have attracted attention as promising biomarkers as they are stably expressed in circulation. The aim of our study is to evaluate the aberrant expression of circulating miRNAs during the stepwise progress of colitis-associated colon cancer. This was accomplished through assessing the expression levels of five miRNAs (miR-141, miR-15b, miR-17-3p, miR-21, and miR-29a) in serum and their corresponding tissue samples through the different cycles of colorectal carcinogenesis cascade using the azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium murine model. We also compared the diagnostic performance of these selected miRNAs with the conventional tumor biomarkers CEA and CA 19-9. The results of our study revealed that the expression levels of those miRNAs were dynamically changing in accordance with the tumor development state. Moreover, their aberrant expression in serum was statistically correlated with that in tissue. Our data also revealed that serum miR-15b, miR-21, and miR-29a showed the best performance in terms of diagnostic power. Our findings highlight the efficiency of these circulating miRNAs not only for early diagnostics purposes, but also for monitoring progress in the colorectal carcinogenesis process, and therefore encouraging integrating these noninvasive biomarkers into the clinical diagnostic settings beside the traditional diagnostic markers for accurate screening of the early progress of colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherien M El-Daly
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.,Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safaa M Morsy
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia Medhat
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona A El-Bana
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmin Abdel Latif
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Jackleen R Awadallah
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira M Gamal-Eldeen
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.,Clinical Laboratory Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Nunes SP, Moreira-Barbosa C, Salta S, Palma de Sousa S, Pousa I, Oliveira J, Soares M, Rego L, Dias T, Rodrigues J, Antunes L, Henrique R, Jerónimo C. Cell-Free DNA Methylation of Selected Genes Allows for Early Detection of the Major Cancers in Women. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10100357. [PMID: 30261643 PMCID: PMC6210550 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10100357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast (BrC), colorectal (CRC) and lung (LC) cancers are the three most common and deadly cancers in women. Cancer screening entails an increase in early stage disease detection but is hampered by high false-positive rates and overdiagnosis/overtreatment. Aberrant DNA methylation occurs early in cancer and may be detected in circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA), constituting a valuable biomarker and enabling non-invasive testing for cancer detection. We aimed to develop a ccfDNA methylation-based test for simultaneous detection of BrC, CRC and LC. Methods: CcfDNA from BrC, CRC and LC patients and asymptomatic controls were extracted from plasma, sodium-bisulfite modified and whole-genome amplified. APC, FOXA1, MGMT, RARβ2, RASSF1A, SCGB3A1, SEPT9, SHOX2 and SOX17 promoter methylation levels were determined by multiplex quantitative methylation-specific PCR. Associations between methylation and standard clinicopathological parameters were assessed. Biomarkers’ diagnostic performance was also evaluated. Results: A “PanCancer” panel (APC, FOXA1, RASSF1A) detected the three major cancers with 72% sensitivity and 74% specificity, whereas a “CancerType” panel (SCGB3A1, SEPT9 and SOX17) indicated the most likely cancer topography, with over 80% specificity, although with limited sensitivity. Conclusions: CcfDNA’s methylation assessment allows for simultaneous screening of BrC, CRC and LC, complementing current modalities, perfecting cancer suspects’ triage, increasing compliance and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra P Nunes
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group-Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
- Master in Oncology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Moreira-Barbosa
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group-Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sofia Salta
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group-Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Susana Palma de Sousa
- Breast Cancer Clinic and Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Inês Pousa
- Lung Cancer Clinic and Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Júlio Oliveira
- Lung Cancer Clinic and Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Marta Soares
- Lung Cancer Clinic and Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Licínio Rego
- Digestive Tract Pathology Clinic and Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Teresa Dias
- Digestive Tract Pathology Clinic and Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Jéssica Rodrigues
- Department of Epidemiology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Luís Antunes
- Department of Epidemiology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group-Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group-Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Bahreini F, Soltanian AR. Identification of A Gene Set Associated with Colorectal Cancer in Microarray Data Using The Entropy Method. CELL JOURNAL 2018; 20:569-575. [PMID: 30124005 PMCID: PMC6099136 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.5688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective We sought to apply Shannon’s entropy to determine colorectal cancer genes in a microarray dataset.
Materials and Methods In the retrospective study, 36 samples were analysed, 18 colorectal carcinoma and 18 paired normal
tissue samples. After identification of the gene fold-changes, we used the entropy theory to identify an effective gene set.
These genes were subsequently categorised into homogenous clusters.
Results We assessed 36 tissue samples. The entropy theory was used to select a set of 29 genes from 3128 genes
that had fold-changes greater than one, which provided the most information on colorectal cancer. This study shows
that all genes fall into a cluster, except for the R08183 gene.
Conclusion This study has identified several genes associated with colon cancer using the entropy method, which
were not detected by custom methods. Therefore, we suggest that the entropy theory should be used to identify genes
associated with cancers in a microarray dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bahreini
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Soltanian
- Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Electronic Address:
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30
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Blood free-circulating DNA testing by highly sensitive methylation assay to diagnose colorectal neoplasias. Oncotarget 2018; 9:16974-16987. [PMID: 29682198 PMCID: PMC5908299 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although methylated TWIST1 is a biomarker of colorectal neoplasia, its detection from serum samples is very difficult by conventional bisulfite-based methylation assays. Therefore, we have developed a new methylation assay that enables counting of even one copy of a methylated gene in a small DNA sample amount without DNA bisulfite treatment. We performed this study to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of serum DNA testing by the new methylation assay in combination with and without the fecal immunochemical test for hemoglobin for the detection of colorectal neoplasia. This study comprised 113 patients with colorectal neoplasia and 25 control individuals. For the new methylation assay, DNA was treated in two stages with methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes, followed by measurement of copy numbers of hTERT and methylated TWIST1 by multiplex droplet digital PCR. The fecal immunochemical test had a sensitivity of 8.0% for non-advanced adenoma, 24.3% for advanced adenoma, and 44.4% for colorectal cancer, and a specificity of 88.0%. The new assay had a sensitivity of 36.0% for non-advanced adenoma, 30.0% for advanced adenoma, and 44.4% for colorectal cancer, and a specificity of 92.0%. Combination of the both tests increased the sensitivity to 40.0%, 45.7%, and 72.2% for the detection of non-advanced adenoma, advanced adenoma, and colorectal cancer, respectively, and resulted in a specificity of 84.0%. Combination of both tests may provide an alternative screening strategy for colorectal neoplasia including potentially precancerous lesions and colorectal cancer.
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Use of integrin alpha 6 transcripts in a stool mRNA assay for the detection of colorectal cancers at curable stages. Oncotarget 2018; 7:14684-92. [PMID: 26895101 PMCID: PMC4924744 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective An important criterion for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is the ability to detect lesions at a curable stage. In the present study, we have assessed the integrin α6 subunit transcript (ITGA6) as part of a stool assay for the detection of colorectal lesions. Results In comparison with control samples, ITGA6 levels were found to be significantly increased at all stages (P < 0.01). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed areas under the curve of 0.89 for the prediction of CRC with 81% sensitivity and 88% specificity and of 0.90 for the prediction of advanced adenomas (Ad) with 75% sensitivity and 88% specificity. The ITGA6A variant was also found to be increased relative to ITGA6 in stage II and III CRCs. Combining ITGA6 with other selected transcripts and/or immunochemical fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) results further increased sensitivity and specificity for the detection of colorectal lesions. Patients and Methods ITGA6 detection used alone and under various combinations including detection of other mRNA markers and iFOBT was assessed on stool samples obtained from 175 patients (91 CRCs, 24 Ad and 60 healthy controls). Conclusions These data confirm the usefulness and reliability of an mRNA stool assay for the detection of colorectal lesions. The validation of additional candidate genes and their analysis in multiplex qPCR represents a powerful and robust approach that can be combined with iFOBT results to improve the detection of colorectal lesions.
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32
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Tepeš B, Bracko M, Novak Mlakar D, Stefanovic M, Stabuc B, Frkovic Grazio S, Maucec Zakotnik J. Results of the FIT-based National Colorectal Cancer Screening Program in Slovenia. J Clin Gastroenterol 2017; 51:e52-e59. [PMID: 27552327 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000000662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the western world. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the first round of fecal immunochemical test (FIT)-based National CRC screening program (NCSP). METHODS In the NCSP conducted in Slovenia, a FIT and colonoscopy for those tested positive was used. The NCSP central unit sent 536,709 invitations to Slovenian residents age 50 to 69 years old between 2009 and 2011. The adherence rate was 56.9% (303,343 participants). FIT was positive in 6.2% (15,310) of the participants (men, 7.8%; women, 5.0%; P<0.01). A total of 13,919 unsedated colonoscopies were performed with the cecal intubation rate of 97.8%. RESULTS The overall adenoma detection rate was 51.3% [95% confidence interval (CI), 50.5%-52.1%] of which 61.0% (95% CI, 59.9%-62.1%) was in men, and 39.1% (95% CI, 37.8%-40.3%) in women (P<0.01). The mean number of adenoma per positive colonoscopy was 1.94 (95% CI, 1.90-1.97). Adenoma, advanced adenoma, or cancer were found in 7732 (55.5%) colonoscopies. A total of 862 (6.2%) CRC cases were found. Only 161 (18.7%) carcinomas were situated in the right colon. A total of 597 (70.2%) patients with cancer were in the early clinical stages (N, negative; 194 22.8%) of all cancers were cured with only endoscopic resection. CONCLUSIONS In the NCSP, CRC was found in 6.2% of those participants attending colonoscopy, with 81.3% of carcinomas found in the left colon. A localized clinical stage was found in 70.2% participants. In 22.8% of CRC patients, cancer was cured with endoscopic resection only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojan Tepeš
- *AM DC Rogaška, Rogaška Slatina †University Clinical Center ‡National Institute for Public Health, Ljubljana §DC Bled, Bled, Slovenia
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Altobelli E, Latella G, Morroni M, Licini C, Tossetta G, Mazzucchelli R, Profeta VF, Coletti G, Leocata P, Castellucci M, Guerrieri M, Petrocelli R, De Berardis B, De Padova M, Di Leonardo G, Paladini A, Mignosi F, Quaglione G, Fagnano R, Marzioni D. Low HtrA1 expression in patients with long‑standing ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:418-426. [PMID: 28586045 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) is being increasingly investigated. HtrA1 overexpression inhibits cell growth and proliferation by influencing apoptosis, invasiveness and migration of tumour cells. In the present study, HtrA1 expression was analysed in 228 colon tissue samples from patients with CRC, adenoma with high-grade dysplasia (AHD), adenoma with low-grade dysplasia (ALD), ulcerative colitis of >10 year duration (UCL), ulcerative colitis of <5 year duration (UCS) and colonic diverticulitis (D), and was compared with its expression in normal colon tissues (NCTs) collected 5 cm from the CRC lesion and in healthy colon mucosa (HC), to establish whether HtrA1 can serve as a biomarker for these conditions. All tissue specimens came from Italian Caucasian subjects. The main finding of the present study was that HtrA1 expression was significantly reduced in CRC and UCL tissues compared with that observed in both NCT and HC samples and with tissues from the other patients. In particular, a similar HtrA1 expression was detected in the stromal compartment of UCL and CRC samples. In contrast, the HtrA1 level was significantly lower (p=0.0008) in UCL compared with UCS tissues, suggesting an inverse relationship between HtrA1 expression and ulcerative colitis duration. HtrA1 immunostaining in the stromal compartment of AHD and ALD tissues showed no differences compared with the HC tissues. No data are available on the immunohistochemical localization of HtrA1 in CRC or IBD. The present findings suggest that HtrA1 could serve as a marker to identify UCL patients at high risk of developing CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Altobelli
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Teramo, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanni Latella
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Manrico Morroni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Caterina Licini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberta Mazzucchelli
- Pathological Anatomy, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Gino Coletti
- Pathology Unit, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Pietro Leocata
- Pathology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Mario Castellucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mario Guerrieri
- Unit of Surgery, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | - Marina De Padova
- Pathology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Gabriella Di Leonardo
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Teramo, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonella Paladini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Filippo Mignosi
- Department of Information Engineering, Computer Science and Mathematics, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Wu F, Yuan G, Chen J, Wang C. Network analysis based on TCGA reveals hub genes in colon cancer. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2017; 21:136-144. [PMID: 28947883 PMCID: PMC5611503 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2017.68622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most widespread cancer in the world. Although many advances have been made in molecular biology, novel approaches are still required to reveal molecular mechanisms for the diagnosis and therapy of colon cancer. In this study, we aimed to determine and analyse the hub genes of CRC. First, we explored the mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles of colon carcinoma, then we screened target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs and obtained the intersection between differently expressed genes and target genes. Gene Ontology (GO) classification and KEGG pathway analysis of differently expressed genes were performed, and gene-miRNA and TF-gene-miRNA networks were constructed to identify hub genes, miRNAs, and TFs. In total, 3436 significant differentially expressed genes (1709 upregulated and 1727 downregulated) and 216 differentially expressed miRNAs (99 upregulated and 117 downregulated) were identified in colon cancer. These differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in GO terms and KEGG pathways, such as cell proliferation, cell adhesion, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction signalling pathways. GCNT4, EDN2, and so on were located in the central hub of the co-expression network. MYC, WT1, mir-34a, and LEF1 were located in the central hub of the network of TF-gene-miRNA. These findings increase our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of colon cancer and will aid in identifying potential targets for diagnostic and therapeutic usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenzan Wu
- Science and Education Division, Cixi Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guoping Yuan
- Clinical Laboratory, Cixi Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, Cixi Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengzu Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Cixi Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
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Wang Y, Sun J, Gao W, Song B, Shao Q, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Qu X. Preoperative Tim‑3 expression on peripheral NK cells is correlated with pathologic TNM staging in colorectal cancer. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3810-3818. [PMID: 28440449 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has indicated that T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) serves an important regulatory role in lymphocytes and in several cancers. However, the association between Tim‑3 expression on various lymphocyte subsets and human colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been elucidated. The present study aimed to characterize Tim‑3 expression on peripheral lymphocytes, including cluster of differentiation CD3+CD56‑ T cells, CD3‑CD56+ natural killer (NK) cells and CD3+CD56+ natural killer T (NKT) cells, in patients with CRC. The frequency of T cells, NK cells and NKT cells expressing Tim‑3 was assessed by multicolor flow cytometry of peripheral blood collected from 36 preoperative CRC patients and 38 healthy donors. The expression of Tim‑3 on lymphocyte subsets from 53 postoperative blood samples of CRC patients was also analyzed. There were fewer circulating NK cells in patients with CRC compared with healthy controls (P=0.0027); NK cell expression of Tim‑3 was also significantly decreased (P=0.0239). The frequency of circulating NK cells and Tim‑3+ NK cells was negatively correlated with clinical cancer stage, compared with healthy controls, but not with other clinicopathological parameters or serum concentrations of CRC biomarkers. Furthermore, the expression of Tim‑3 in NK cells was higher in CRC patients without metastasis. Notably, NK cell Tim‑3 expression in CRC patients was significantly restored following surgical resection of the primary tumor. In conclusion, the present study indicates the presence of an altered frequency and expression of Tim‑3 in peripheral NK cells in CRC patients. Preoperative Tim‑3 expression on peripheral NK cells is correlated with differential staging in colorectal cancer, and may be useful as a serum biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Tumor Immunity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jintang Sun
- Department of Tumor Immunity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Gao
- Department of Tumor Immunity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Bingfeng Song
- Department of Tumor Immunity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Shao
- Department of Tumor Immunity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Tumor Immunity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Tumor Immunity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Qingjie Wang
- Department of Tumor Immunity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xun Qu
- Department of Tumor Immunity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Rezvani N, Alibakhshi R, Vaisi-Raygani A, Bashiri H, Saidijam M. Detection of SPG20 gene promoter-methylated DNA, as a novel epigenetic biomarker, in plasma for colorectal cancer diagnosis using the MethyLight method. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3277-3284. [PMID: 28521434 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant promoter methylation of genes is a common epigenetic alteration in colorectal cancer (CRC). In the present study, spastic paraplegia 20 (SPG20) promoter-methylated DNA, as a potential diagnostic biomarker, was investigated in plasma and tumor tissue samples from patients with CRC. To the best of our knowledge, the quantification of SPG20 promoter-methylated DNA in plasma samples remains unreported. SPG20 promoter methylation was investigated in 32 paired tumor and healthy adjacent tissues, 37 plasma samples from patients with CRC, and in 37 plasma samples from a healthy control group, using the MethyLight method. The percentage of methylated reference (PMR) values was determined for each sample, and the sensitivity and specificity of this unique biomarker were evaluated. PMR values were significantly higher in plasma samples from patients with CRC compared with in those from the control group (P<0.05). Plasma specimens from patients and healthy controls exhibited median PMR values of 7.7 (95% CI, 4.15-15.28) and 0.59 (95% CI, 0.14-1.12), respectively. Notably, the median PMR values were identified as 42.39 (95% CI, 27.69-72.26) and 3.61 (95% CI, 1.07-5.29) in tumor and adjacent healthy tissues, respectively. Using receiver-operating characteristics curve analysis, the area under curve (AUC) was demonstrated to be 0.984 for plasma samples, exhibiting a sensitivity of 81.1% and a specificity of 96.9%. Furthermore, the AUC was 0.996 for tissue samples, revealing a sensitivity of 93.8% and specificity of 99.96%. Results from the present study indicate that the identification of SPG20 promoter-methylated DNA in plasma is a potential diagnostic biomarker for the detection of CRC. Furthermore, the results demonstrate a satisfactory sensitivity and specificity, indicating the importance of SPG20 methylation as a novel noninvasive biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayebali Rezvani
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838736, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran
| | - Reza Alibakhshi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran
| | - Assad Vaisi-Raygani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran.,Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran.,Molecular Diagnostic Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran
| | - Homayoon Bashiri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838736, Iran
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Suehiro Y, Zhang Y, Hashimoto S, Takami T, Higaki S, Shindo Y, Suzuki N, Hazama S, Oka M, Nagano H, Sakaida I, Yamasaki T. Highly sensitive faecal DNA testing of TWIST1 methylation in combination with faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin is a promising marker for detection of colorectal neoplasia. Ann Clin Biochem 2017; 55:59-68. [DOI: 10.1177/0004563217691064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background As TWIST1 methylation is specific to colorectal neoplasia, detection of TWIST1 methylation from faeces samples might be useful for colorectal neoplasia screening. However, because the content of human DNA in faeces is very small, it is very difficult to detect TWIST1 methylation by conventional bisulphite-based methylation assays. Therefore, we developed a new methylation assay without bisulphite treatment, the combined restriction digital PCR assay, and evaluated its sensitivity and specificity in combination with and without the faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin for colorectal neoplasia detection from faeces samples. Methods For the combined restriction digital PCR assay, DNA was treated with three methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes and an exonuclease, followed by measurement of TWIST1 methylation level by droplet digital PCR. Faecal DNA testing and faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin were performed on 109 patients with colorectal neoplasia and 10 control individuals. Results Basic performance testing showed that the combined restriction digital PCR assay enabled detection of 0.14% of the TWIST1 methylation level for the lymphocyte DNA. The combined restriction digital PCR assay from faeces samples had a sensitivity of 22.2% (95% confidence interval, 2.8–60.0%) for non-advanced adenoma, 47.1% (95% confidence interval, 23.0–72.2%) for advanced adenoma, and 33.7% (95% confidence interval, 23.7–45.0%) for colorectal cancer, and a specificity of 100.0%. Combination of faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin and faecal combined restriction digital PCR assay increased sensitivity to 82.4% (95% confidence interval, 56.6–96.2%) for the detection of advanced adenoma. Conclusions We developed the combined restriction digital PCR assay, a possible highly sensitive methylation assay. Combination of faecal combined restriction digital PCR assay with faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin may provide an alternative screening strategy for colorectal neoplasia, especially for potentially precancerous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Suehiro
- Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Yibo Zhang
- Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Taro Takami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Shingo Higaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sentohiru Hospital, Ube, Japan
| | - Yoshitaro Shindo
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Shoichi Hazama
- Department of Translational Research and Developmental Therapeutics against Cancer, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Masaaki Oka
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagano
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Isao Sakaida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamasaki
- Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
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Chang PY, Chen CC, Chang YS, Tsai WS, You JF, Lin GP, Chen TW, Chen JS, Chan EC. MicroRNA-223 and microRNA-92a in stool and plasma samples act as complementary biomarkers to increase colorectal cancer detection. Oncotarget 2016; 7:10663-75. [PMID: 26848774 PMCID: PMC4891149 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant levels of circulating miRNAs are potential biomarkers for the early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, no previous systematic study has examined miRNAs in various specimen types from the same patient to evaluate their clinical utility. In this study, we compiled information from ∼450 articles published before 2012, and selected the 46 most frequently reported CRC-related miRNAs as candidates. We then established a 46-miRNA multiplex RT-qPCR method, and efficiently examined two clinically accessible samples: stool from fecal occult blood test and EDTA plasma. A total of 62 tissue, 447 stool, and 398 plasma samples were collected from CRC patients and healthy controls. Good correlations of detectable miRNAs were noticed in paired tumor tissues, stool, and plasma samples of 62 CRC patients. Using these 62 CRC patients and 62 matched healthy controls as the training set, 5 and 11 differentially expressed miRNAs achieved the area under the ROC curve (AUC) greater than 0.7 in stool and plasma samples, respectively. The selected miRNAs was subsequently validated using the remaining enrolled samples as the test cohort; 4 miRNAs in stool and 6 miRNAs in plasma were maintained discriminating powers for CRC patients. After examining the complementary effect, combined analysis of miR-223 and miR-92a, which were commonly present in stool and plasma samples, yielded the highest sensitivity of 96.8% and the specificity of 75% for CRC (AUC = 0.907). These results allowed us to establish a two-miRNA biosignature in two types of CRC clinical specimens with a high sensitivity for CRC detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pi-Yueh Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chun Chen
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sun Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sy Tsai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Fu You
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Geng-Ping Lin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Wen Chen
- Bioinformatics Core Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jinn-Shiun Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Err-Cheng Chan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Peniche Moguel PA, Zarate Guzmán ÁM, García Guerrero V, Corral Medina A, Valdes Lias R. Comparación de la prevalencia de adenomas detectados mediante colonoscopio con «CAP» accesorio (endocuff) versus colonoscopio estándar. ENDOSCOPIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.endomx.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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40
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Suehiro Y, Sakai K, Nishioka M, Hashimoto S, Takami T, Higaki S, Shindo Y, Hazama S, Oka M, Nagano H, Sakaida I, Yamasaki T. Highly sensitive stool DNA testing of Fusobacterium nucleatum as a marker for detection of colorectal tumours in a Japanese population. Ann Clin Biochem 2016; 54:86-91. [PMID: 27126270 DOI: 10.1177/0004563216643970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence shows an over-abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal tumour tissues. Although stool DNA testing of Fusobacterium nucleatum might be a potential marker for the detection of colorectal tumours, the difficulty in detecting Fusobacterium nucleatum in stool by conventional methods prevented further explorations. Therefore, we developed a droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for detecting Fusobacterium nucleatum in stool and investigated its clinical utility in the management of colorectal tumours in a Japanese population. Methods Feces were collected from 60 healthy subjects (control group) and from 11 patients with colorectal non-advanced adenomas (non-advanced adenoma group), 19 patients with colorectal advanced adenoma/carcinoma in situ (advanced adenoma/carcinoma in situ (CIS) group) and 158 patients with colorectal cancer of stages I to IV (colorectal cancer group). Absolute copy numbers of Fusobacterium nucleatum were measured by droplet digital PCR. Results The median copy number of Fusobacterium nucleatum was 17.5 in the control group, 311 in the non-advanced adenoma group, 122 in the advanced adenoma/CIS group, and 317 in the colorectal cancer group. In comparison with that in the control group, the Fusobacterium nucleatum level was significantly higher in the non-advanced adenoma group, the advanced adenoma/CIS group and the colorectal cancer group. Conclusions This study illustrates the potential of stool DNA testing of Fusobacterium nucleatum by droplet digital PCR to detect individuals with colorectal tumours in a Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Suehiro
- 1 Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Kouhei Sakai
- 1 Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Nishioka
- 2 Division of Laboratory, Yamaguchi University Hospital, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- 3 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Taro Takami
- 3 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Shingo Higaki
- 4 Department of Gastroenterology, Sentohiru Hospital, Ube, Japan
| | - Yoshitaro Shindo
- 5 Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Shoichi Hazama
- 5 Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Masaaki Oka
- 5 Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagano
- 5 Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Isao Sakaida
- 2 Division of Laboratory, Yamaguchi University Hospital, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamasaki
- 1 Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
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Hamm A, Prenen H, Van Delm W, Di Matteo M, Wenes M, Delamarre E, Schmidt T, Weitz J, Sarmiento R, Dezi A, Gasparini G, Rothé F, Schmitz R, D'Hoore A, Iserentant H, Hendlisz A, Mazzone M. Tumour-educated circulating monocytes are powerful candidate biomarkers for diagnosis and disease follow-up of colorectal cancer. Gut 2016; 65:990-1000. [PMID: 25814648 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cancer immunology is a growing field of research whose aim is to develop innovative therapies and diagnostic tests. Starting from the hypothesis that immune cells promptly respond to harmful stimuli, we used peripheral blood monocytes in order to characterise a distinct gene expression profile and to evaluate its potential as a candidate diagnostic biomarker in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), a still unmet clinical need. DESIGN We performed a case-control study including 360 peripheral blood monocyte samples from four European oncological centres and defined a gene expression profile specific to CRC. The robustness of the genetic profile and disease specificity were assessed in an independent setting. RESULTS This screen returned 43 putative diagnostic markers, which we refined and validated in the confirmative multicentric analysis to 23 genes with outstanding diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve (AUC)=0.99 (0.99 to 1.00), Se=100.0% (100.0% to 100.0%), Sp=92.9% (78.6% to 100.0%) in multiple-gene receiver operating characteristic analysis). The diagnostic accuracy was robustly maintained in prospectively collected independent samples (AUC=0.95 (0.85 to 1.00), Se=92.6% (81.5% to 100.0%), Sp=92.3% (76.9% to 100.0%). This monocyte signature was expressed at early disease onset, remained robust over the course of disease progression, and was specific for the monocytic fraction of mononuclear cells. The gene modulation was induced specifically by soluble factors derived from transformed colon epithelium in comparison to normal colon or other cancer histotypes. Moreover, expression changes were plastic and reversible, as they were abrogated upon withdrawal of these tumour-released factors. Consistently, the modified set of genes reverted to normal expression upon curative treatment and was specific for CRC. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first to demonstrate monocyte plasticity in response to tumour-released soluble factors. The identified distinct signature in tumour-educated monocytes might be used as a candidate biomarker in CRC diagnosis and harbours the potential for disease follow-up and therapeutic monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hamm
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Vesalius Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Prenen
- Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Mario Di Matteo
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Vesalius Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mathias Wenes
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Vesalius Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Estelle Delamarre
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Vesalius Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Weitz
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Department of Visceral, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Angelo Dezi
- Department of Oncology, San Filippo Neri, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Françoise Rothé
- Medical Oncology Clinic, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Robin Schmitz
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - André D'Hoore
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Alain Hendlisz
- Medical Oncology Clinic, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Vesalius Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Altobelli E, D’Aloisio F, Angeletti PM. Colorectal cancer screening in countries of European Council outside of the EU-28. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:4946-57. [PMID: 27239121 PMCID: PMC4873887 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i20.4946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To provide an update on colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programmes in non-European Union (EU)-28 Council of Europe member states as of December 2015. METHODS The mission of the Council of Europe is to protect and promote human rights in its 47 member countries. Its 19 non-EU member states are Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republika Srpska, Georgia, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Republic of Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Norway, Russian Federation, San Marino, Serbia, Switzerland, FYR of Macedonia, Turkey, and Ukraine (EU-19). The main data source were GLOBOCAN, IARC, WHO, EUCAN, NORDCAN, ENCR, volume X of the CI5, the ministerial and Public Health Agency websites of the individual countries, PubMed, EMBASE, registries of some websites and the www.cochranelibrary.com, Scopus, www.clinicaltrials.gov, www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu, Research gate, Google and data extracted from screening programme results. RESULTS Our results show that epidemiological data quality varies broadly between EU-28 and EU-19 countries. In terms of incidence, only 30% of EU-19 countries rank high in data quality as opposed to 86% of EU-28 states. The same applies to mortality data, since 52% of EU-19 countries as against all EU-28 countries are found in the high ranks. Assessment of the method of collection of incidence data showed that only 32% of EU-19 countries are found in the top three quality classes as against 89% of EU-28 countries. For the mortality data, 63% of EU-19 countries are found in the highest ranks as opposed to all EU-28 member states. Interestingly, comparison of neighbouring countries offering regional screening shows, for instance, that incidence and mortality rates are respectively 38.9 and 13.0 in Norway and 29.2 and 10.9 in Sweden, whereas in Finland, where a national organised programme is available, they are respectively 23.5 and 9.3. CONCLUSION Cancer screening should be viewed as a key health care tool, also because investing in screening protects the weakest in the population, decreases the social burden of cancer, and reduces all types of health care costs, including those for radical surgery, long-term hospitalisation, and chemotherapy.
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Loktionov A, Chhaya V, Bandaletova T, Poullis A. Assessment of cytology and mucin 2 in colorectal mucus collected from patients with inflammatory bowel disease: Results of a pilot trial. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 31:326-33. [PMID: 26248500 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Non-invasive diagnosis of colorectal disease remains problematic, fecal biomarkers presenting the only current option. Colorectal mucus is the diagnostically informative element of stool samples, but its separation from stool is difficult. We aimed to: (i) test a novel method of non-invasive colorectal mucus sampling in a pilot clinical trial; (ii) evaluate sampling method acceptance by study participants; (iii) characterize the collected material cytologically; and (iv) assess feasibility of quantitative protein analysis in the samples. METHODS A total of 141 patients with IBD (58), IBS (50), and healthy controls (33) participated in the study. Samples rich in colorectal mucus were self-collected by swabbing the anal area immediately following defecation. Collected samples were examined cytologically and subjected to quantitative analysis for total protein and mucin 2 (MUC2). RESULTS The novel sampling technique was assessed as "good" or "adequate" by 96% of study participants. A total of 55% of the collected samples were free of fecal contamination. Cytology showed large numbers of well preserved inflammatory cells in IBD cases. Total protein values varied in all groups, being affected by fecal contamination. MUC2 levels were similar among all IBD-free individuals (control and IBS groups) and elevated in IBD patients (p < 0.001). MUC2 measurement applied as a test for IBD detection provided sensitivity = 72.4% and specificity = 86.7%. CONCLUSIONS A novel non-invasive method for collecting human colorectal mucus has been successfully tested. The method was very well accepted by trial participants. The results have proven high quality of collected samples for both cytological investigation and diagnostic biomarker analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivek Chhaya
- Department of Gastroenterology, St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Andrew Poullis
- Department of Gastroenterology, St George's Hospital, London, UK
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Kadiyska T, Nossikoff A. Stool DNA methylation assays in colorectal cancer screening. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:10057-10061. [PMID: 26401070 PMCID: PMC4572786 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i35.10057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is fourth most common cancer in men and third in women worldwide. Developing a diagnostic panel of sensitive and specific biomarkers for the early detection of CRC is recognised as to be crucial for early initial diagnosis, which in turn leads to better long term survival. Most of the research on novel potential CRC biomarkers in the last 2 decades has been focussed on stool DNA analysis. In this paper, we describe the recent advances in non-invasive CRC screening and more specifically in molecular assays for aberrantly methylated BMP3 and NDRG4 promoter regions. In several research papers these markers showed superior rates for sensitivity and specificity in comparison to previously described assays. These tests detected the majority of adenomas ≥ 1 cm in size and the detection rates progressively increased with larger adenomas. The methylation status of the BMP3 and NDRG4 promoters demonstrated effective detection of neoplasms at all sites throughout the colon and was not affected by common clinical variables. Recently, a multitarget stool DNA test consisting of molecular assays for aberrantly methylated BMP3 and NDRG4 promoter regions, mutant KRAS and immunochemical assay for human haemoglobin has been made commercially available and is currently reimbursed in the United States. Although this is the most sensitive non-invasive CRC screening test, there is the need for further research in several areas - establishment of the best timeframe for repeated DNA stool testing; validation of the results in populations outside of North America; usefulness for surveillance and prognosis of patients; cost-effectiveness of DNA stool testing in real-life populations.
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Subramani R, Gangwani L, Nandy SB, Arumugam A, Chattopadhyay M, Lakshmanaswamy R. Emerging roles of microRNAs in pancreatic cancer diagnosis, therapy and prognosis (Review). Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1203-10. [PMID: 26314882 PMCID: PMC4583517 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer related death. Increasing incidence and mortality indicates a lack of detection and post diagnostic management of this disease. Recent evidences suggest that, miRNAs are very attractive target molecules that can serve as biomarkers for predicting development and progression of pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, miRNAs are also promising therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancer. The objective of the present review is to discuss the significance of miRNA in pancreatic cancer development, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis. We extracted and compiled the useful information from PubMed database, which satisfied our criteria for analysis of miRNAs in pancreatic cancer diagnosis, therapy and prognosis. A summary of the most important miRNAs known to regulate pancreatic tumorigenesis is provided. The review also provides a collection of evidence that show miRNA profiles of biofluids hold much promise for use as biomarkers to predict and detect development of pancreatic cancer in its early stages. Identification of key miRNA networks in pancreatic cancer will provide long-awaited diagnostic/therapeutic/prognostic tools for early detection, better treatment options, and extended life expectancy and quality of life in PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadevi Subramani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Laxman Gangwani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Sushmita Bose Nandy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Arunkumar Arumugam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Munmun Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Rajkumar Lakshmanaswamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
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Bayar B, Yılmaz KB, Akıncı M, Şahin A, Kulaçoğlu H. An evaluation of treatment results of emergency versus elective surgery in colorectal cancer patients. ULUSAL CERRAHI DERGISI 2015; 32:11-7. [PMID: 26985154 DOI: 10.5152/ucd.2015.2969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer is still one of the most common causes of cancer related deaths in the world despite improvements in diagnosis and treatment modalities, and application of community-based screening methods. Symptoms of colorectal cancer are non-specific and usually manifest following local progression. A number of patients with advanced stage colorectal cancer present to emergency departments with obstruction as the first sign of disease without any previous symptoms. This presentation is an indication for emergency surgery that has a high rate of morbidity and mortality. In this study, we aimed to determine the factors associated with early diagnosis and survival by comparing postoperative results of colorectal cancer patients who underwent surgery under emergency or elective situation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Files of colorectal patients treated between 2009-2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Data on patient age, gender, operation type, intraoperative results, length of hospital stay, co-morbidities, postoperative complications and pathological results were evaluated and compared. RESULTS There was no statistical difference between groups in terms of age, gender, and pathology results (p>0.05). The difference between groups in terms of postoperative length of hospital stay, presence of co-morbid diseases, pathological stage, and postoperative complications was statistically significant (p<0.05). Length of hospital stay, advanced stage on admission, complications such as surgical site infection, evisceration, and anastomosis leakage rates were higher in patients in the emergency surgery group. CONCLUSION Risk groups should be determined in order to diagnose colorectal cancer patients at an early stage while they are still asymptomatic, and this information should be incorporated into effective screening programs. This approach will be beneficial to treatment outcomes, complication rates, length of hospital stay, and survival and treatment results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahattin Bayar
- Clinic of General Surgery, Muş State Hospital, Muş, Turkey
| | - Kerim Bora Yılmaz
- Clinic of General Surgery, Ankara Dışkapı Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melih Akıncı
- Clinic of General Surgery, Ankara Dışkapı Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alpaslan Şahin
- Clinic of General Surgery, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Hakan Kulaçoğlu
- Clinic of General Surgery, Ankara Dışkapı Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Zhang Y, Suehiro Y, Shindo Y, Sakai K, Hazama S, Higaki S, Sakaida I, Oka M, Yamasaki T. Long-fragment DNA as a potential marker for stool-based detection of colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2014; 9:454-458. [PMID: 25436008 PMCID: PMC4247014 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoplastic cells that are exfoliated from the colorectal epithelium exhibit dysfunctional apoptotic mechanisms, and thus it is possible to identify high-molecular-weight DNA fragments (long DNA) in feces. In the present study, the sensitivity and specificity of fecal-based long DNA assays were evaluated for the detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). Feces were collected from 54 healthy volunteers and 130 patients with CRC prior to surgical treatment. The presence of long DNA of the adenomatosis polyposis coli, Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), B-raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase and p53 genes was assessed by polymerase chain reaction followed by electrophoresis. The identification of long DNA in feces was found to exhibit a sensitivity of 56.2% and specificity of 96.3% for CRC detection. In addition, long DNA was identified in the feces of 58/90 (64.4%) patients with distal CRC and 15/40 (37.5%) patients with proximal CRC. This study indicates the potential of the fecal long DNA assay as a non-invasive and easily performed method for the detection of individuals with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Zhang
- Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suehiro
- Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshitaro Shindo
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology (Surgery II), Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Kouhei Sakai
- Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Shoichi Hazama
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology (Surgery II), Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Shingo Higaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Isao Sakaida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Masaaki Oka
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology (Surgery II), Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamasaki
- Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
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Discovery and validation of new potential biomarkers for early detection of colon cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106748. [PMID: 25215506 PMCID: PMC4162553 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate detection of characteristic proteins secreted by colon cancer tumor cells in biological fluids could serve as a biomarker for the disease. The aim of the present study was to identify and validate new serum biomarkers and demonstrate their potential usefulness for early diagnosis of colon cancer. METHODS The study was organized in three sequential phases: 1) biomarker discovery, 2) technical and biological validation, and 3) proof of concept to test the potential clinical use of selected biomarkers. A prioritized subset of the differentially-expressed genes between tissue types (50 colon mucosa from cancer-free individuals and 100 normal-tumor pairs from colon cancer patients) was validated and further tested in a series of serum samples from 80 colon cancer cases, 23 patients with adenoma and 77 cancer-free controls. RESULTS In the discovery phase, 505 unique candidate biomarkers were identified, with highly significant results and high capacity to discriminate between the different tissue types. After a subsequent prioritization, all tested genes (N = 23) were successfully validated in tissue, and one of them, COL10A1, showed relevant differences in serum protein levels between controls, patients with adenoma (p = 0.0083) and colon cancer cases (p = 3.2e-6). CONCLUSION We present a sequential process for the identification and further validation of biomarkers for early detection of colon cancer that identifies COL10A1 protein levels in serum as a potential diagnostic candidate to detect both adenoma lesions and tumor. IMPACT The use of a cheap serum test for colon cancer screening should improve its participation rates and contribute to decrease the burden of this disease.
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Kawamura M, Toiyama Y, Tanaka K, Inoue Y, Mohri Y, Kusunoki M. Can Circulating MicroRNAs Become the Test of Choice for Colorectal Cancer? CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11888-014-0240-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Blood autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens as biomarkers in early detection of colorectal cancer. Cancer Lett 2014; 346:178-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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