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Potential Regulation of miRNA-29 and miRNA-9 by Estrogens in Neurodegenerative Disorders: An Insightful Perspective. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020243. [PMID: 36831786 PMCID: PMC9954655 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Finding a link between a hormone and microRNAs (miRNAs) is of great importance since it enables the adjustment of genetic composition or cellular functions without needing gene-level interventions. The dicer-mediated cleavage of precursor miRNAs is an interface link between miRNA and its regulators; any disruption in this process can affect neurogenesis. Besides, the hormonal regulation of miRNAs can occur at the molecular and cellular levels, both directly, through binding to the promoter elements of miRNAs, and indirectly, via regulation of the signaling effects of the post-transcriptional processing proteins. Estrogenic hormones have many roles in regulating miRNAs in the brain. This review discusses miRNAs, their detailed biogenesis, activities, and both the general and estrogen-dependent regulations. Additionally, we highlight the relationship between miR-29, miR-9, and estrogens in the nervous system. Such a relationship could be a possible etiological route for developing various neurodegenerative disorders.
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Zeng Y, Cui Z, Chen J, Tang S. Investigating the Function of MicroRNAs in Human Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells of Diabetic Retinopathy. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2678:199-205. [PMID: 37326716 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3255-0_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the main complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Recent studies have implicated microRNAs dysfunction in human retinal microvascular endothelial cell (HRMEC). In this study, we aim to investigate the apoptotic promotion of miR-29b-3p by blocking SIRT1 in HRMEC for DR situation. To identify the regulating relationship between miR-29b-3p and SIRT1, HRMECs were transfected with miR-29b-3p mimics/inhibitors or their negative controls. Cell viability was assessed with the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and apoptotic cells were stained by one-step TUNEL assay kit. Gene and protein expression were assayed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting separately. Dual-luciferase reporter assay using HEK293T cells was performed to show the direct interaction of miR-29b-3p and the 3'-UTR of SIRT1. HRMECs were identified as >95% positive for CD31 and vWF. Upregulated miR-29b-3p decreased the expression of SIRT1 and increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, while downregulated miR-29b-3p increased the expression of SIRT1 protein and downregulated the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed the direct interaction of miR-29b-3p and SIRT1. The dysregulation of miR-29b-3p/SIRT1 is a potential mechanism of HRMEC apoptosis in DR. miR-29b-3p/SIRT1 may be a potential therapeutic target for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zeng
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zekai Cui
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansu Chen
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
- Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shibo Tang
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
- Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Zeng Y, Cui Z, Liu J, Chen J, Tang S. MicroRNA-29b-3p Promotes Human Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cell Apoptosis via Blocking SIRT1 in Diabetic Retinopathy. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1621. [PMID: 32063865 PMCID: PMC7000655 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a main complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Recent studies have implicated microRNAs in human retinal microvascular endothelial cell (HRMEC) dysfunction. In this study, we aim to investigate the apoptotic promotion of miR-29b-3p by blocking SIRT1 in HRMEC for DR situation. Method Blood samples were obtained from DR patients and controls. Dual-luciferase reporter assay using HEK-293T cells was performed to show the direct interaction of miR-29b-3p and the 3′UTR of SIRT1. HRMECs were exposed to 5.5 mmol/L of glucose (normal control), 5.5 mmol/L of glucose and 24.5 mmol/L of mannitol (osmotic pressure control), 30 mmol/L of glucose [hyperglycemia (HG)], 150 μmol/L of CoCl2 (hypoxia), and 30 mmol/L of glucose plus 150 μmol/L of CoCl2 (HG-CoCl2). To identify the regulating relationship between miR-29b-3p and SIRT1, HRMECs were transfected with miR-29b-3p mimics/inhibitors or their negative controls. SRT1720 was used as a SIRT1 agonist. Cell viability was assessed with the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and apoptotic cells were stained by one-step terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay kit. Gene and protein expression were assayed by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting separately. Result MiR-29b-3p was upregulated to 3.2-fold, and SIRT1 protein was downregulated to 65% in DR patients. Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed the direct interaction of miR-29b-3p and SIRT1. HRMECs were identified as >95% positive for CD31 and von Willebrand factor (vWF). MiR-29b-3p and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was upregulated, whereas SIRT1 was downregulated in HRMECs in the HG-CoCl2 condition. Decreased cell viability and upregulated apoptosis were also found in HRMECs of the HG-CoCl2 condition. Upregulated miR-29b-3p decreased the expression of SIRT1 and increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, whereas downregulated miR-29b-3p increased the expression of SIRT1 protein and downregulated the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. SRT1720 rescued miR-29b-3p-induced HRMEC apoptosis via upregulating the expression of SIRT1 protein. Conclusion The dysregulation of miR-29b-3p/SIRT1 is a potential mechanism of HRMEC apoptosis in DR. MiR-29b-3p/SIRT1 may be a potential therapeutic target for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zeng
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Jian Liu
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Jiansu Chen
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shibo Tang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China.,Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Elevated miR-615-3p Expression Predicts Adverse Clinical Outcome and Promotes Proliferation and Migration of Prostate Cancer Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:2377-2388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Chen Z, Zhan Y, Chi J, Guo S, Zhong X, He A, Zheng J, Gong Y, Li X, Zhou L. Using microRNAs as Novel Predictors of Urologic Cancer Survival: An Integrated Analysis. EBioMedicine 2018; 34:94-107. [PMID: 30037718 PMCID: PMC6116416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are involved in the formation, maintenance, and metastasis of urologic cancer. Here, we aim to gather and evaluate all of the evidence regarding the potential role of miRNAs as novel predictors of urologic cancer survival. METHODS A systematic review was performed to identify and score all of the published studies that evaluated the prognostic effects of miRNAs in kidney (KCa), bladder (BCa) or prostate cancer (PCa). Where appropriate, the summary effects of miRNAs on urologic cancer were meta-analysed. The reliability of those results was then further validated by an integrated analysis of the TCGA cohort and miRNA panel. RESULTS Of 151 datasets, 80 miRNAs were enrolled in this systematic review. A meta-analysis of the prognostic qualities of each miRNA identified an objective association between miRNA and prognosis. miR-21 was identified as an unfavourable miRNA with the overall survival (HR:2.699, 1.76-4.14, P < 0.001) across various prognostic events. Our further meta-analyses, integrating a parallel TCGA analysis, confirmed these partial previous results and further revealed different summary effects, such as the moderate effect of miR-21 in BCa. The refined miRNA panel (KCa-6: miR-27b, -942, -497, -144, -141 and -27a) was more capable of predicting the overall survival than was any single miRNAs included in it (HR: 3.214, 1.971-5.240, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS A miRNA panel may be able to determine the prognosis of urologic tumour more effectively and compensate for the unreliability of individual miRNA in estimating prognosis. More large-scale studies are therefore required to evaluate the unbiased prognostic value of miRNAs in urologic cancer effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicong Chen
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, The Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yonghao Zhan
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, The Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jieshan Chi
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shuyuan Guo
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xinliang Zhong
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Anbang He
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, The Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jianrong Zheng
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yanqing Gong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, The Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, The Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - Liqun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, The Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, Beijing 100034, China.
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Schanza LM, Seles M, Stotz M, Fosselteder J, Hutterer GC, Pichler M, Stiegelbauer V. MicroRNAs Associated with Von Hippel-Lindau Pathway in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112495. [PMID: 29165391 PMCID: PMC5713461 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are the most common renal neoplasia and can be divided into three main histologic subtypes, among which clear cell RCC is by far the most common form of kidney cancer. Despite substantial advances over the last decade in the understanding of RCC biology, surgical treatments, and targeted and immuno-therapies in the metastatic setting, the prognosis for advanced RCC patients remains poor. One of the major problems with RCC treatment strategies is inherent or acquired resistance towards therapeutic agents over time. The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs that play a crucial role in post-transcriptional regulation, has added new dimensions to the development of novel diagnostic and treatment tools. Because of an association between Von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) genes with chromosomal loss in 3p25-26 and clear cell RCC, miRNAs have attracted considerable scientific interest over the last years. The loss of VHL function leads to constitutional activation of the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) pathway and to consequent expression of numerous angiogenic and carcinogenic factors. Since miRNAs represent key players of carcinogenesis, tumor cell invasion, angiogenesis, as well as in development of metastases in RCC, they might serve as potential therapeutic targets. Several miRNAs are already known to be dysregulated in RCC and have been linked to biological processes involved in tumor angiogenesis and response to anti-cancer therapies. This review summarizes the role of different miRNAs in RCC angiogenesis and their association with the VHL gene, highlighting their potential role as novel drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Maria Schanza
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNA and Genome Editing in Cancer, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Maximilian Seles
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Michael Stotz
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Johannes Fosselteder
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNA and Genome Editing in Cancer, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Georg C Hutterer
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
| | - Martin Pichler
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNA and Genome Editing in Cancer, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
| | - Verena Stiegelbauer
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNA and Genome Editing in Cancer, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
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Abstract
Gene suppression approaches have emerged over the last 20 years as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. These include RNA interference and anti-sense oligonucleotides, both of which act at the post-transcriptional level, and genome-editing techniques, which aim to repair the responsible mutant gene. All serve to inhibit the expression of disease-causing proteins, leading to the potential prevention or even reversal of the disease phenotype. In this review we summarise the main developments in gene suppression strategies, using examples from Huntington's disease and other inherited causes of neurodegeneration, and explore how these might illuminate a path to tackle other proteinopathy-associated dementias in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhia Ghosh
- UCL Huntington's Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
| | - Sarah J Tabrizi
- UCL Huntington's Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
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Li X, An Z, Li P, Liu H. A prognostic model for lung adenocarcinoma patient survival with a focus on four miRNAs. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:2991-2995. [PMID: 28927049 PMCID: PMC5588086 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is currently no effective biomarker for determining the survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The purpose of the present study was to construct a prognostic survival model using microRNA (miRNA) expression data from patients with lung adenocarcinoma. miRNA data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas, and patients with lung adenocarcinoma were divided into either the training or validation set based on the random allocation principle. The prognostic model focusing on miRNA was constructed, and patients were divided into high-risk or low-risk groups as per the scores, to assess their survival time. The 5-year survival rate from the subgroups within the high- and low-risk groups was assessed. P-values of the prognostic model in the total population, the training set and validation set were 0.0017, 0.01986 and 0.02773, respectively, indicating that the survival time of the lung adenocarcinoma high-risk group was less than that of the low-risk group. Thus, the model had a good assessment effectiveness for the untreated group (P=0.00088) and the Caucasian patient group (P=0.00043). In addition, the model had the best prediction effect for the 5-year survival rate of the Caucasian patient group (AUC=0.629). In conclusion, the prognostic model developed in the present study can be used as an independent prognostic model for patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqiu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoling An
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Peihui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Haihua Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
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miR-1307 promotes the proliferation of prostate cancer by targeting FOXO3A. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 88:430-435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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McDermott N, Meunier A, Wong S, Buchete V, Marignol L. Profiling of a panel of radioresistant prostate cancer cells identifies deregulation of key miRNAs. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2017; 2:63-68. [PMID: 29658003 PMCID: PMC5893531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background miRNAs are increasingly associated with the aggressive phenotype of prostate tumours. Their ability to control radiobiologically-relevant cellular processes strengthens their potential as novel markers of response to radiation therapy. Purpose To identify miRNAs associated with increased clonogenic survival following radiation exposure. Material and methods The miRNA expression profiles of a panel of 22RV1 cells with varying levels of radiosensitivities (hypoxic H-22Rv1 cells, RR-22Rv1 cells derived from WT-22Rv1 cells through 2-Gy fractionated repeated exposure, the associated aged matched cells (AMC-22Rv1) and the WT-22Rv1 cell lines) were generated and cross-analysed to identify common miRNAs associated with a radioresistant phenotype. Results Increased clonogenic survival following irradiation was associated with significant modifications in miRNA expression pattern. miR-221 (up) and miR-4284 (down) in RR-22Rv1 and MiR-31 and miR-200c in AMC-22Rv1 were the most uniquely significantly deregulated miRNAs when compared to WT-22Rv1 cells. miR-200c ranked as the most downregulated miRNAs in hypoxic, when compared to RR-22Rv1 cells. miR-200a was the only differentially expressed miRNA between RR-22Rv1 and AMC-22Rv1 cells. miR-210 yielded the highest fold change in expression in H-22Rv1, when compared to WT-22RV1 cells. Conclusion This study identifies candidate miRNAs for the development of novel prognostic biomarkers for radiotherapy prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh McDermott
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Armelle Meunier
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simon Wong
- Irish Centre for High-End Computing, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Vio Buchete
- School of Physics & Complex and Adaptive Systems Laboratory, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Laure Marignol
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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Ramalho-Carvalho J, Graça I, Gomez A, Oliveira J, Henrique R, Esteller M, Jerónimo C. Downregulation of miR-130b~301b cluster is mediated by aberrant promoter methylation and impairs cellular senescence in prostate cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:43. [PMID: 28166834 PMCID: PMC5294724 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0415-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous DNA-damaging cellular stresses, including oncogene activation and DNA-damage response (DDR), may lead to cellular senescence. Previous observations linked microRNA deregulation with altered senescent patterns, prompting us to investigate whether epigenetic repression of microRNAs expression might disrupt senescence in prostate cancer (PCa) cells. METHODS Differential methylation mapping in prostate tissues was carried using Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. After validation of methylation and expression analyses in a larger series of prostate tissues, the functional role of the cluster miR-130b~301b was explored using in vitro studies testing cell viability, apoptosis, invasion and DNA damage in prostate cancer cell lines. Western blot and RT-qPCR were performed to support those observations. RESULTS We found that the miR-130b~301b cluster directs epigenetic activation of cell cycle inhibitors required for DDR activation, thus stimulating the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Furthermore, overexpression of miR-130b~301b cluster markedly reduced the malignant phenotype of PCa cells. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these data demonstrate that miR-130b~301b cluster overexpression might effectively induce PCa cell growth arrest through epigenetic regulation of proliferation-blocking genes and activation of cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Ramalho-Carvalho
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group—Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Graça
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group—Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- School of Allied Health Sciences (ESTSP), Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Antonio Gomez
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
- Currently at the Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Oliveira
- Department of Urology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
- Department of Physiological Sciences II, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group—Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
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Gareri C, De Rosa S, Indolfi C. MicroRNAs for Restenosis and Thrombosis After Vascular Injury. Circ Res 2016; 118:1170-84. [PMID: 27034278 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.308237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Percutaneous revascularization revolutionized the therapy of patients with coronary artery disease. Despite continuous technical advances that substantially improved patients' outcome after percutaneous revascularization, some issues are still open. In particular, restenosis still represents a challenge, even though it was dramatically reduced with the advent of drug-eluting stents. At the same time, drug-eluting stent thrombosis emerged as a major concern because of incomplete or delayed re-endothelialization after vascular injury. The discovery of microRNAs revealed a previously unknown layer of regulation for several biological processes, increasing our knowledge on the biological mechanisms underlying restenosis and stent thrombosis, revealing novel promising targets for more efficient and selective therapies. The present review summarizes recent experimental and clinical evidence on the role of microRNAs after arterial injury, focusing on practical aspects of their potential therapeutic application for selective inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation, enhancement of endothelial regeneration, and inhibition of platelet activation after coronary interventions. Application of circulating microRNAs as potential biomarkers is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice Gareri
- From the Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (C.G.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy (S.D.R., C.I.); and URT-CNR, Department of Medicine, URT of Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Catanzaro, Italy (C.I.)
| | - Salvatore De Rosa
- From the Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (C.G.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy (S.D.R., C.I.); and URT-CNR, Department of Medicine, URT of Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Catanzaro, Italy (C.I.)
| | - Ciro Indolfi
- From the Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC (C.G.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy (S.D.R., C.I.); and URT-CNR, Department of Medicine, URT of Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Catanzaro, Italy (C.I.).
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Qu JQ, Yi HM, Ye X, Li LN, Zhu JF, Xiao T, Yuan L, Li JY, Wang YY, Feng J, He QY, Lu SS, Yi H, Xiao ZQ. MiR-23a sensitizes nasopharyngeal carcinoma to irradiation by targeting IL-8/Stat3 pathway. Oncotarget 2016; 6:28341-56. [PMID: 26314966 PMCID: PMC4695064 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance poses a major challenge in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treatment, but little is known about how miRNA regulates this phenomenon. In this study, we investigated the function and mechanism of miR-23a in NPC radioresistance, one of downregulated miRNAs in the radioresistant NPC cells identified by our previous microarray analysis. We observed that miR-23a was frequently downregulated in the radioresistant NPC tissues, and its decrement correlated with NPC radioresistance and poor patient survival, and was an independent predictor for reduced patient survival. In vitro radioresponse assays showed that restoration of miR-23a expression markedly increased NPC cell radiosensitivity. In a mouse model, therapeutic administration of miR-23a agomir dramatically sensitized NPC xenografts to irradiation. Mechanistically, we found that reduced miR-23a promoted NPC cell radioresistance by activating IL-8/Stat3 signaling. Moreover, the levels of IL-8 and phospho-Stat3 were increased in the radioresistance NPC tissues, and negatively associated with miR-23a level. Our data demonstrate that miR-23a is a critical determinant of NPC radioresponse and prognostic predictor for NPC patients, and its decrement enhances NPC radioresistance through activating IL-8/Stat3 signaling, highlighting the therapeutic potential of miR-23a/IL-8/Stat3 signaling axis in NPC radiosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Quan Qu
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong-Mei Yi
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xu Ye
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li-Na Li
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jin-Feng Zhu
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ta Xiao
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiao-Yang Li
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiu-Yan He
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shan-Shan Lu
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Yi
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Xiao
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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14
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Vlaeminck-Guillem V. When Prostate Cancer Circulates in the Bloodstream. Diagnostics (Basel) 2015; 5:428-74. [PMID: 26854164 PMCID: PMC4728468 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics5040428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of patients with prostate cancer is currently based on imperfect clinical, biological, radiological and pathological evaluation. Prostate cancer aggressiveness, including metastatic potential, remains difficult to accurately estimate. In an attempt to better adapt therapeutics to an individual (personalized medicine), reliable evaluation of the intrinsic molecular biology of the tumor is warranted, and particularly for all tumor sites (primary tumors and secondary sites) at any time of the disease progression. As a consequence of their natural tendency to grow (passive invasion) or as a consequence of an active blood vessel invasion by metastase-initiating cells, tumors shed various materials into the bloodstream. Major efforts have been recently made to develop powerful and accurate methods able to detect, quantify and/or analyze all these circulating tumor materials: circulating tumors cells, disseminating tumor cells, extracellular vesicles (including exosomes), nucleic acids, etc. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge about these circulating tumor materials and their applications in translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Vlaeminck-Guillem
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, U1052 INSERM, CNRS 5286, Léon Bérard Centre, Lyon I University, 28 rue Laennec, Lyon 69008, France.
- Medical Unit of Molecular Oncology and Transfer, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Hospital of Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon 69008, France.
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15
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Qu JQ, Yi HM, Ye X, Zhu JF, Yi H, Li LN, Xiao T, Yuan L, Li JY, Wang YY, Feng J, He QY, Lu SS, Xiao ZQ. MiRNA-203 Reduces Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Radioresistance by Targeting IL8/AKT Signaling. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:2653-64. [PMID: 26304234 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Radioresistance poses a major challenge in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treatment, but little is known about how miRNA (miR) regulates this phenomenon. In this study, we investigated the function and mechanism of miR-203 in NPC radioresistance, one of downregulated miRs in the radioresistant NPC cells identified by our previous microarray analysis. We observed that miR-203 was frequently downregulated in the radioresistant NPC tissues compared with radiosensitive NPC tissues, and its decrement significantly correlated with NPC radioresistance and poor patient survival, and was an independent predictor for reduced patient survival. In vitro radioresponse assays showed that miR-203 mimic markedly decreased NPC cell radioresistance. In a mouse model, therapeutic administration of miR-203 agomir dramatically sensitized NPC xenografts to irradiation. Mechanistically, we confirmed that IL8 was a direct target of miR-203, and found that reduced miR-203 promoted NPC cell radioresistance by activating IL8/AKT signaling. Moreover, the levels of IL8 and phospho-AKT were significantly increased in the radioresistant NPC tissues compared with radiosensitive NPC tissues, and negatively associated with miR-203 level. Our data demonstrate that miR-203 is a critical determinant of NPC radioresponse, and its decrement enhances NPC radioresistance through targeting IL8/AKT signaling, highlighting the therapeutic potential of the miR-203/IL8/AKT signaling axis in NPC radiosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Quan Qu
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong-Mei Yi
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xu Ye
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jin-Feng Zhu
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Yi
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li-Na Li
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ta Xiao
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiao-Yang Li
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiu-Yan He
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shan-Shan Lu
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Xiao
- Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Cancer Proteomics and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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16
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Scaravilli M, Porkka KP, Brofeldt A, Annala M, Tammela TLJ, Jenster GW, Nykter M, Visakorpi T. MiR-1247-5p is overexpressed in castration resistant prostate cancer and targets MYCBP2. Prostate 2015; 75:798-805. [PMID: 25731699 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, there has been increasing attention on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer development. Several expression profiling studies have provided evidence of aberrant expression of miRNAs in prostate cancer and have highlighted the potential use of specific miRNA expression signatures as prognostic or predictive markers. Here we report an expression analysis of miR-1247-5p, miR-1249, miR-1269a, miR-1271-5p, miR-1290, miR-1291, and miR-1299. METHODS qRT-PCR was performed to validate the differential expression of miRNAs in clinical samples, and the effect of miR-1247-5p was studied in prostate cancer cell lines transiently transfected with a miR-1247-5p mimic. The expression of miR-1247-5p's putative target MYCBP2 was evaluated by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, and the interaction of the miRNA with the target gene was assessed using a luciferase assay. RESULTS We found a significant up-regulation of miR-1247-5p in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) samples compared to non-malignant prostate. The expression of miR-1247-5p was subsequently studied in prostate cancer (PC) cell lines where an up-regulation of miR-1247-5p was observed in the androgen-independent PC-3 model. Target prediction analysis for miR-1247-5p performed online revealed that MYCBP2 (myc-binding protein 2) was a high-scoring potential target. Functional studies in vitro performed using PC-3 and LNCaP models confirmed the down-regulation of MYCBP2 at the mRNA and protein levels, and a luciferase assay showed interaction between the miRNA and target gene. CONCLUSION miR-1247-5p is overexpressed in CRPC and targets MYCBP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Scaravilli
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology-BioMediTech and Fimlab Laboratories, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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17
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Kang S, Zhao Y, Hu K, Xu C, Wang L, Liu J, Yao A, Zhang H, Cao F. miR-124 exhibits antiproliferative and antiaggressive effects on prostate cancer cells through PACE4 pathway. Prostate 2014; 74:1095-106. [PMID: 24913567 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION PACE4 plays an important role in prostate cancer (PCa) proliferation and aggression, which might provide a useful target against prostate cancer. In this study, we had strived to find some key miRNAs to decrease malignancy and invasiveness of PCa through regulating PACE4 expression. METHODS Clinically pathological analysis of immunohistochemistry/in situ hybridization was carried out to detect the relationship between PACE4 expression/miRNAs and the malignancy of prostate mass. Prostate cell lines (DU145, C4-2, and BPH-1) were cultured for growth curve, immunocytochemistry analysis, colony formation, Matrigel invasion, and transcriptional/translational expression assay of PACE4-related signaling molecules for confirming the relationship. MiRNAs targeting PACE4 were predicted, validated and further-corroborated using bio-software, real-time PCR, luciferase reporter assay and transfection of miRNA mimics and inhibitor. RESULTS It was suggested that PACE4 might reflect the pathological malignancy of prostate lesion from pathology analysis. Moreover, DU145 cells, the highest PACE4-level and related TF expression indicated of the strongest malignancy and invasiveness. It was significantly found that miR-124 was presented with the biggest odd to target PACE4-3'UTR, the capability of decreasing PACE expression and slowing down cell growth and cell invasion. CONCLUSIONS It was clear that PACE4 level was closely associated with malignancy and invasiveness of PCa in vivo or in vitro MiR-124, played a crucial role inhibiting PACE4 transcription thus exhibiting obvious effects of antiproliferation and antiaggression of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaosan Kang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Hebei United University Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
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18
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Gnanapragasam VJ. Molecular markers to guide primary radical treatment selection in localized prostate cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 14:871-81. [DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2014.936851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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19
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He J, Hua J, Ding N, Xu S, Sun R, Zhou G, Xie X, Wang J. Modulation of microRNAs by ionizing radiation in human gastric cancer. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:787-93. [PMID: 24919435 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in China. Although surgery is the primary therapeutic method, radiotherapy has become an integral part, particularly in the early and intermediate stages of gastric cancer. microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of diverse cellular processes in response to intrinsic and extrinsic stress. A change in miRNA expression profile has been identified in various types of tumor cells in response to radiation; however, there is no relevant information concerning gastric cancer. In the present study, we investigated the miRNA profiles of two clinical gastric cancer samples exposed to X‑rays using miRNA microarray. We found that 16 miRNAs were downregulated and 2 miRNAs were upregulated significantly in both irradiated samples when compared with the unirradiated samples. Decreases in the levels of miR‑300 and miR‑642 expression were confirmed by qRT‑PCR in more clinical samples and in cultured cell lines. We predicted the targets of the two miRNAs with TargetScan and classified all the candidate targets with Gene Ontology, which indicated that both miR‑300 and miR‑642 potentially regulate cellular radiation response by modulating apoptosis, cell cycle regulation and DNA damage and repair pathway-related genes. Cell cycle assay and immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that miR‑300 regulates radiation‑induced G2 cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair. In conclusion, our findings indicate that ionizing radiation modulates the miRNA expression profile, and the changes in several specific miRNAs such as miR‑300 have the potential to be used in the treatment, diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng He
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73000, P.R. China
| | - Junrui Hua
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73000, P.R. China
| | - Nan Ding
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73000, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Guangming Zhou
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jufang Wang
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73000, P.R. China
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20
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Dai F, Zhang Y, Chen Y. Involvement of miR-29b signaling in the sensitivity to chemotherapy in patients with ovarian carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2014; 45:1285-93. [PMID: 24767251 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Although the molecular mechanisms driving chemoresistance and relapse of ovarian cancer have been widely studied, the key molecules have not been identified. In this study, the expression of miR-29b messenger RNA (mRNA) and its targeted genes, myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1, mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 (MAPK10), and autophagy-related protein 9A (ATG9A), were investigated in ovarian carcinomas, and their associations with clinicopathological characteristics and survival of patients with ovarian cancer were analyzed. The protein expression of MCL1, MAPK10, and ATG9A was measured using immunohistochemistry. miR-29b mRNA and ATG9A gene mRNA levels were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results demonstrated that the percentage of MCL1, MAPK10, and ATG9A protein-positive cases were significantly higher, whereas miR-29b was significantly lower in ovarian serous, mucinous, and clear cell carcinomas than that in normal tissues. MAPK10 was significantly associated with higher histopathologic grading. The percentage of positive myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1, ATG9A, and MAPK10 protein expression and low miR-29b mRNA expression were significantly higher in cases with clinical stage III and IV ovarian cancer than in cases with clinical stage II ovarian cancer. High ATG9A protein and low miR-29b mRNA expression were significantly associated with relapse. Univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a negative correlation between MAPK10 or ATG9A protein expression and overall as well as progression-free survival, whereas a positive correlation was observed between miR-29b mRNA expression and overall as well as progression-free survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that elevated MAPK10 or ATG9A protein and lowered miR-29b mRNA expression in ovarian carcinoma was an independent poor prognostic predictor. Our study suggested that miR-29b mRNA, MAPK10 protein expression, and ATG9A protein expression are closely related to chemosensitivity of ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yuxiang Chen
- Hepatobiliary & Enteric Surgery Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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21
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Walsh AL, Tuzova AV, Bolton EM, Lynch TH, Perry AS. Long noncoding RNAs and prostate carcinogenesis: the missing 'linc'? Trends Mol Med 2014; 20:428-36. [PMID: 24836411 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are rapidly becoming essential pieces in the cancer puzzle. Our understanding of their functional capabilities is in its infancy. One certain fact, however, is that their molecular interactions extend beyond chromatin complexes into diverse biological processes. In prostate cancer, aberrant expression of lncRNAs is associated with disease progression. Overexpression of oncogenic lncRNAs promotes tumor-cell proliferation and metastasis through chromatin looping and distal engagement with the androgen receptor, antisense gene regulation, alternative splicing, and impeding DNA repair. Several lncRNAs, such as prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3), prostate cancer gene expression marker 1 (PCGEM1), and prostate cancer associated ncRNA transcript 1 (PCAT1), are highly prostate-specific, posing as attractive biomarkers. Herein we review the mechanisms of action of lncRNAs in prostate carcinogenesis and their potential clinical utility for disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Walsh
- Prostate Molecular Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Urology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alexandra V Tuzova
- Prostate Molecular Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eva M Bolton
- Prostate Molecular Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Urology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas H Lynch
- Prostate Molecular Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Urology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Antoinette S Perry
- Prostate Molecular Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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22
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Cellini F, Morganti AG, Genovesi D, Silvestris N, Valentini V. Role of microRNA in response to ionizing radiations: evidences and potential impact on clinical practice for radiotherapy. Molecules 2014; 19:5379-401. [PMID: 24879584 PMCID: PMC6271831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19045379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small, non-coding, RNAs with gene expression regulator roles. As an important class of regulators of many cellular pathways, miRNAs are involved in many signaling pathways and DNA damage repair processes, affecting cellular radiosensitivity. Their role has led to interest in oncological implications to improve treatment results. MiRNAs represent a great opportunity to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy treatments-they can be used to profile the radioresistance of tumors before radiotherapy, monitor their response throughout the treatment, thus helping to select intensification strategies, and also to define the final response to therapy along with risks of recurrence or metastatization. Even though many interesting studies support such potential, nowadays most studies on patient data are limited to experiments profiling tumor aggressiveness and response to radiotherapy. Moreover many studies report different although not conflicting results on the miRNAs evaluated for each tumor type. Without doubt, the clinical potential of such molecules for radiotherapy is striking and of high interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cellini
- Radiation Oncology Department, Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico; Via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessio G Morganti
- Radiotherapy Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura "Giovanni Paolo II", Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Domenico Genovesi
- Radiation Oncology Department, Università "G. D'Annunzio"; Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit - Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II"; Viale Orazio Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Valentini
- Radiation Oncology Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; L.go Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Roma, Italy.
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23
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Huang SP, Lévesque E, Guillemette C, Yu CC, Huang CY, Lin VC, Chung IC, Chen LC, Laverdière I, Lacombe L, Fradet Y, Chang TY, Lee HZ, Juang SH, Bao BY. Genetic variants in microRNAs and microRNA target sites predict biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy in localized prostate cancer. Int J Cancer 2014; 135:2661-7. [PMID: 24740842 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that microRNAs might participate in prostate cancer initiation, progression and treatment response. Germline variations in microRNAs might alter target gene expression and modify the efficacy of prostate cancer therapy. To determine whether genetic variants in microRNAs and microRNA target sites are associated with the risk of biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP). We retrospectively studied two independent cohorts composed of 320 Asian and 526 Caucasian men with pathologically organ-confined prostate cancer who had a median follow-up of 54.7 and 88.8 months after RP, respectively. Patients were systematically genotyped for 64 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in microRNAs and microRNA target sites, and their prognostic significance on BCR was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression model. After adjusting for known clinicopathologic risk factors, two SNPs (MIR605 rs2043556 and CDON rs3737336) remained associated with BCR. The numbers of risk alleles showed a cumulative effect on BCR [perallele hazard ratio (HR) 1.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16-2.21, p for trend = 0.005] in Asian cohort, and the risk was replicated in Caucasian cohort (HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.15-2.08, p for trend = 0.004) and in combined analysis (HR 1.57, 95% CI 1.26-1.96, p for trend <0.001). Results warrant replication in larger cohorts. This is the first study demonstrating that SNPs in microRNAs and microRNA target sites can be predictive biomarkers for BCR after RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Pin Huang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Jiang QQ, Liu B, Yuan T. MicroRNA-16 inhibits bladder cancer proliferation by targeting Cyclin D1. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:4127-30. [PMID: 23991964 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.7.4127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-16 (miR-16) has been demonstrated to regulate proliferation and apoptosis in many types of cancers, but its biological function in bladder cancer remains unknown. Here, we found expression of miR-16 to be downregulated in bladder cancer in comparison with the adjacent normal tissues. Enforced expression of miR- 16 was able to inhibit cell proliferation in TCHu-1 cells, in line with results for miR-16 antisense oligonucleotides (antisense miR-16). At the molecular level, our results further revealed that cyclin D1 expression was negatively regulated by miR-16. Therefore, the data reported here demonstrate that miR-16 is an important regulator in bladder cancer, which will contribute to better understanding of important mis-regulated miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Quan Jiang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Chaudhry MA. Radiation-induced microRNA: Discovery, functional analysis, and cancer radiotherapy. J Cell Biochem 2014; 115:436-49. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ahmad Chaudhry
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Radiation Sciences; University of Vermont; Burlington Vermont 05405
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Hart M, Nolte E, Wach S, Szczyrba J, Taubert H, Rau TT, Hartmann A, Grässer FA, Wullich B. Comparative microRNA profiling of prostate carcinomas with increasing tumor stage by deep sequencing. Mol Cancer Res 2013; 12:250-63. [PMID: 24337069 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-13-0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED MicroRNAs (miRNA) posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression and are important in tumorigenesis. Previous deep sequencing identified the miRNA profile of prostate carcinoma versus nonmalignant prostate tissue. Here, we generated miRNA expression profiles of prostate carcinoma by deep sequencing, with increasing tumor stage relative to corresponding nonmalignant and healthy prostate tissue, and detected clearly changed miRNA expression patterns. The miRNA profiles of the healthy and nonmalignant tissues were consistent with our previous findings, indicating a high fidelity of the method employed. In the tumors, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis of 40 paired samples of prostate carcinoma versus normal tissue revealed significant upregulation of miR-20a, miR-148a, miR-200b, and miR-375 and downregulation of miR-143 and miR-145. Hereby, miR-375 increased from normal to organ-confined tumors (pT2 pN0), slightly decreased in tumors with extracapsular growth (pT3 pN0), but was then expressed again at higher levels in lymph node metastasizing (pN1) tumors. The sequencing data for miR-375 were confirmed by Northern blotting and qRT-PCR. The regulation for other selected miRNAs could, however, not be confirmed by qRT-PCR in individual tumor stages. MiR-200b, in addition to miR-200c and miR-375 reduced the expression of SEC23A. Interestingly, miR-375, found by sequencing in pT2 upregulated by us and others in tumor versus normal tissue, and miR-15a, found by sequencing in pT2 and pT3 and in the metastasizing tumors, target the phosphatases PHLPP1 and PHLPP2, respectively. PHLPP1 and PHLPP2 dephosphorylate members of the AKT family of signal transducers, thereby inhibiting cell growth. Coexpression of miR-15a and miR-375 resulted in downregulation of PHLPP1/2 and strongly increased prostate carcinoma cell growth. IMPLICATIONS These genomic data reveal relevant miRNAs in prostate cancer that may have biomarker and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hart
- Saarland University Medical School; Department of Virology, Kirrbergerstrasse, Haus 47, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
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Bolton EM, Tuzova AV, Walsh AL, Lynch T, Perry AS. Noncoding RNAs in prostate cancer: the long and the short of it. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 20:35-43. [PMID: 24146262 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-1989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
As the leading culprit in cancer incidence for American men, prostate cancer continues to pose significant diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tribulations for clinicians. The vast spectrum of disease behavior warrants better molecular classification to facilitate the development of more robust biomarkers that can identify the more aggressive and clinically significant tumor subtypes that require treatment. The untranslated portion of the human transcriptome, namely noncoding RNAs (ncRNA), is emerging as a key player in cancer initiation and progression and boasts many attractive features for both biomarker and therapeutic research. Genetic linkage studies show that many ncRNAs are located in cancer-associated genomic regions that are frequently deleted or amplified in prostate cancer, whereas aberrant ncRNA expression patterns have well-established links with prostate tumor cell proliferation and survival. The dysregulation of pathways controlled by ncRNAs results in a cascade of multicellular events leading to carcinogenesis and tumor progression. The characterization of RNA species, their functions, and their clinical applicability is a major area of biologic and clinical importance. This review summarizes the growing body of evidence, supporting a pivotal role for ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. We highlight the most promising ncRNA biomarkers for detection and risk stratification and present the state-of-play for RNA-based personalized medicine in treating the "untreatable" prostate tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Bolton
- Authors' Affiliations: Prostate Molecular Oncology, Trinity College Dublin; and Department of Urology, St. James's Hospital, Ireland
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Involvement of miR-20a in promoting gastric cancer progression by targeting early growth response 2 (EGR2). Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:16226-39. [PMID: 23924943 PMCID: PMC3759908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140816226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers, with high incidences in East Asia. microRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in the carcinogenesis of GC. miR-20a was elevated in GC, while the potential function of miR-20a was poorly understood. miR-20a expression was examined in GC tissues and cell lines. The effects of miR-20a on the growth, migration, invasion, and chemoresistance of GC cells were examined. Luciferase reporter assay and Western blot were used to screen the target of miR-20a. miR-20a was increased in GC tissues and cell lines. miR-20a promoted the growth, migration and invasion of GC cells, enhanced the chemoresistance of GC cells to cisplatin and docetaxel. Luciferase activity and Western blot confirmed that miR-20a negatively regulated EGR2 expression. Overexpression of EGR2 significantly attenuated the oncogenic effect of miR-20a. miR-20a was involved in the carcinogenesis of GC through modulation of the EGR2 signaling pathway.
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Valentini V, Bourhis J, Poortmans P, Coffey M. Donal Hollywood obituary. Radiother Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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The genomic landscape of prostate cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:10822-51. [PMID: 23708091 PMCID: PMC3709705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140610822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
By the age of 80, approximately 80% of men will manifest some cancerous cells within their prostate, indicating that prostate cancer constitutes a major health burden. While this disease is clinically insignificant in most men, it can become lethal in others. The most challenging task for clinicians is developing a patient-tailored treatment in the knowledge that this disease is highly heterogeneous and that relatively little adequate prognostic tools are available to distinguish aggressive from indolent disease. Next-generation sequencing allows a description of the cancer at an unprecedented level of detail and at different levels, going from whole genome or exome sequencing to transcriptome analysis and methylation-specific immunoprecipitation, followed by sequencing. Integration of all these data is leading to a better understanding of the initiation, progression and metastatic processes of prostate cancer. Ultimately, these insights will result in a better and more personalized treatment of patients suffering from prostate cancer. The present review summarizes current knowledge on copy number changes, gene fusions, single nucleotide mutations and polymorphisms, methylation, microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs obtained from high-throughput studies.
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