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Qiu S, Sun Y, Guo J, Zhang Y, Hu Y. Genome-wide analysis reveals extensive genetic overlap between childhood phenotypes and later-life type 2 diabetes. Comput Biol Med 2024; 171:108065. [PMID: 38387379 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Observational studies have indicated a potential influence of childhood phenotypes on the later development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive genome-wide analysis to investigate the shared genetic architecture and genetic loci between nine childhood phenotypes (N = 4202-620,26) and later-life T2D (N = 80,154) using genetic correlation, mendelian randomization (MR), and conjunctional false discovery rate (conjFDR) statistical frameworks. Our findings demonstrated substantial genetic correlations and pleiotropic enrichment between childhood obesity, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and later-life T2D. Childhood obesity exhibited a significant association with increased later-life T2D risk through 10 mediators, 6 of which were adulthood obesity-related phenotypes. Additionally, we identified 69, 83, 3, 5, 10, 5, 3, and 7 loci shared between childhood obesity, BMI, SBP, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), and T2D at conjFDR <0.05, with the majority of these loci being novel discoveries. Overall, our study reveals extensive genetic overlap between childhood obesity-related phenotypes and T2D with concordant effect directions, shedding new light on variants and phenotypes with lifelong effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizheng Qiu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Yige Sun
- Department of Radiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jiahe Guo
- School of Future Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, Harbin, 150088, China.
| | - Yang Hu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China.
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Ang MY, Takeuchi F, Kato N. Deciphering the genetic landscape of obesity: a data-driven approach to identifying plausible causal genes and therapeutic targets. J Hum Genet 2023; 68:823-833. [PMID: 37620670 PMCID: PMC10678330 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-023-01189-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully revealed numerous susceptibility loci for obesity. However, identifying the causal genes, pathways, and tissues/cell types responsible for these associations remains a challenge, and standardized analysis workflows are lacking. Additionally, due to limited treatment options for obesity, there is a need for the development of new pharmacological therapies. This study aimed to address these issues by performing step-wise utilization of knowledgebase for gene prioritization and assessing the potential relevance of key obesity genes as therapeutic targets. METHODS AND RESULTS First, we generated a list of 28,787 obesity-associated SNPs from the publicly available GWAS dataset (approximately 800,000 individuals in the GIANT meta-analysis). Then, we prioritized 1372 genes with significant in silico evidence against genomic and transcriptomic data, including transcriptionally regulated genes in the brain from transcriptome-wide association studies. In further narrowing down the gene list, we selected key genes, which we found to be useful for the discovery of potential drug seeds as demonstrated in lipid GWAS separately. We thus identified 74 key genes for obesity, which are highly interconnected and enriched in several biological processes that contribute to obesity, including energy expenditure and homeostasis. Of 74 key genes, 37 had not been reported for the pathophysiology of obesity. Finally, by drug-gene interaction analysis, we detected 23 (of 74) key genes that are potential targets for 78 approved and marketed drugs. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide valuable insights into new treatment options for obesity through a data-driven approach that integrates multiple up-to-date knowledgebases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Yang Ang
- Department of Clinical Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Medical Genomics Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Medical Genomics Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Clinical Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Medical Genomics Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Li J, Wu N, Yang Y, Zhai X, Yuan F, Zhang F, Yu N, Li D, Wang R, Wang J, Zhang L, Shi Y, He G, Liu B. Unique genetic variants of lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:11. [PMID: 36627697 PMCID: PMC9830772 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01234-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the prevalence and clinical metabolic characteristics of lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in an elderly Chinese population and assessed the relevance of lipid markers and genetic variation. All 5,338 community subjects underwent detailed clinical and laboratory examinations and were divided into three groups: lean (Body mass index (BMI) < 23 kg/m2, n = 2,012), overweight (BMI = 23-24.9 kg/m2, n = 1,354), and obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, n = 1,972). Single nucleotide polymorphisms were selected based on those reported in previous NAFLD or obesity genome-wide association studies. The frequencies of alleles and genotypes were calculated and statistically analyzed with Pearson's χ2 tests. One-way ANCOVA was used to test the association between positive SNPs and metabolic parameters in lean NAFLD individuals. Our results showed that the C allele frequency of rs2279026, the G allele of rs2279028, the C allele of rs780093, and the C allele frequency of rs1260326 were higher in obese NAFLD than in lean NAFLD (P < 0.05). In addition, we observed an association between the CC of rs1421085, TT of rs3751812, AA of rs8050136, and AA of rs9939609 genotypes in the FTO gene and low-density lipoprotein levels (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our findings provide a unique perspective on the prevalence, genetic characteristics, and metabolic profile of NAFLD in older lean individuals in China. This is the first study to examine the association between genetic variants in the FTO, TFAP2B and GCKR genes and NAFLD in a cohort of lean individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Wu
- Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yukun Yang
- Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhai
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Fan Yuan
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengwei Zhang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Yu
- Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Li
- Zhangjiang Community Health Service Center of Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruirui Wang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianying Wang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang He
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Baocheng Liu
- Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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The regulatory role of AP-2β in monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems: insights on its signalling pathway, linked disorders and theragnostic potential. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:151. [PMID: 36076256 PMCID: PMC9461128 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00891-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMonoaminergic neurotransmitter systems play a central role in neuronal function and behaviour. Dysregulation of these systems gives rise to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders with high prevalence and societal burden, collectively termed monoamine neurotransmitter disorders (MNDs). Despite extensive research, the transcriptional regulation of monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems is not fully explored. Interestingly, certain drugs that act on these systems have been shown to modulate central levels of the transcription factor AP-2 beta (AP-2β, gene: TFAP2Β). AP-2β regulates multiple key genes within these systems and thereby its levels correlate with monoamine neurotransmitters measures; yet, its signalling pathways are not well understood. Moreover, although dysregulation of TFAP2Β has been associated with MNDs, the underlying mechanisms for these associations remain elusive. In this context, this review addresses AP-2β, considering its basic structural aspects, regulation and signalling pathways in the controlling of monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems, and possible mechanisms underpinning associated MNDS. It also underscores the significance of AP-2β as a potential diagnostic biomarker and its potential and limitations as a therapeutic target for specific MNDs as well as possible pharmaceutical interventions for targeting it. In essence, this review emphasizes the role of AP-2β as a key regulator of the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems and its importance for understanding the pathogenesis and improving the management of MNDs.
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Adiponectin DNA methylation in South African women with gestational diabetes mellitus: Effects of HIV infection. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248694. [PMID: 33750967 PMCID: PMC7984613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is increasingly recognized as a potential biomarker of metabolic disease. However, there is limited information on the impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on the candidacy of DNA methylation to serve as molecular biomarkers. This study investigated the effect of HIV infection on DNA methylation patterns in the peripheral blood of South African women with (n = 95) or without (n = 191) gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). DNA methylation levels at eight CpG sites in the adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) promoter were measured using bisulfite conversion and pyrosequencing. Differences between HIV negative (-) and positive (+) women were observed. In HIV- women, methylation at CpG -3400 was lower in GDM+ women compared to those with normoglycemia (8.5-fold; p = 0.004), and was associated with higher fasting glucose (β-co-efficient = 0.973; p = 0.006) and lower adiponectin (β-co-efficient = -0.057; p = 0.014) concentrations. These associations were not observed in HIV+ women. In silico analysis showed that Transcription Factor AP2-alpha is able to bind to the altered CpG site, suggesting that CpG -3400 may play a functional role in the regulation of ADIPOQ expression. Our findings show that DNA methylation differs by HIV status, suggesting that HIV infection needs to be taken into consideration in studies exploring DNA methylation as a biomarker of GDM in high HIV prevalence settings.
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Yan J, Qiu Y, Ribeiro Dos Santos AM, Yin Y, Li YE, Vinckier N, Nariai N, Benaglio P, Raman A, Li X, Fan S, Chiou J, Chen F, Frazer KA, Gaulton KJ, Sander M, Taipale J, Ren B. Systematic analysis of binding of transcription factors to noncoding variants. Nature 2021; 591:147-151. [PMID: 33505025 PMCID: PMC9367673 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03211-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Many sequence variants have been linked to complex human traits and diseases1, but deciphering their biological functions remains challenging, as most of them reside in noncoding DNA. Here we have systematically assessed the binding of 270 human transcription factors to 95,886 noncoding variants in the human genome using an ultra-high-throughput multiplex protein-DNA binding assay, termed single-nucleotide polymorphism evaluation by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SNP-SELEX). The resulting 828 million measurements of transcription factor-DNA interactions enable estimation of the relative affinity of these transcription factors to each variant in vitro and evaluation of the current methods to predict the effects of noncoding variants on transcription factor binding. We show that the position weight matrices of most transcription factors lack sufficient predictive power, whereas the support vector machine combined with the gapped k-mer representation show much improved performance, when assessed on results from independent SNP-SELEX experiments involving a new set of 61,020 sequence variants. We report highly predictive models for 94 human transcription factors and demonstrate their utility in genome-wide association studies and understanding of the molecular pathways involved in diverse human traits and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yan
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Yunjiang Qiu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - André M Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Institute of Biological Sciences, Belém, Brazil
| | - Yimeng Yin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yang E Li
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nick Vinckier
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Naoki Nariai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Paola Benaglio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anugraha Raman
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shicai Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Chiou
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Fulin Chen
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kelly A Frazer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kyle J Gaulton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maike Sander
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jussi Taipale
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Genome-Scale Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Bing Ren
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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The role of reward sensitivity in obesity and its association with Transcription Factor AP-2B: A longitudinal birth cohort study. Neurosci Lett 2020; 735:135158. [PMID: 32544596 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE One factor potentially contributing to obesity is reward sensitivity. We investigated the association between reward sensitivity and measures of obesity from 9-33 years of age, paying attention to the inner structure of reward sensitivity. METHODS The sample included both birth cohorts (originally n = 1176) of the Estonian Children Personality Behaviour and Health Study. The association between reward sensitivity and measures of obesity was assessed using mixed-effects regression models. Associations at ages 9 (younger cohort only), 15, 18, 25 and 33 (older cohort) years were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. The indirect effect of the gene encoding transcription factor 2 beta (TFAP2B) on obesity through reward sensitivity was tested using mediation analysis. RESULTS According to linear mixed effects regression models, an increase in scores of Insatiability by Reward and both of its components, Excessive Spending and Giving in to Cravings, significantly increased body weight, body mass index, sum of five skinfolds, waist circumference, hip circumference and waist-to-height ratio from 15 to 25 years of age. Findings were similar at age 9 and 33 years. In contrast, no association between obesity and Openness to Rewards or its facets was observed. The TFAP2B genotype was also associated with fixation to rewards in females, but not with striving towards reward multiplicity. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that reward sensitivity is associated with obesity by its reward fixation component. The heterogeneity of the reward sensitivity construct should be taken into account in studies on body composition.
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Metabolic syndrome alters expression of insulin signaling-related genes in swine mesenchymal stem cells. Gene 2017; 644:101-106. [PMID: 29101070 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with insulin resistance (IR) and impaired glucose metabolism in muscle, fat, and other cells, and may induce inflammation and vascular remodeling. Endogenous reparative systems, including adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC), are responsible for repair of damaged tissue. MSC have also been proposed as an exogenous therapeutic intervention in patients with cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The feasibility of using autologous cells depends on their integrity, but whether in MetS IR involves adipose tissue-derived MSC remains unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of mRNA involved in insulin signaling in MSC from subjects with MetS. METHODS Domestic pigs consumed a lean or obese diet (n=6 each) for 16weeks. MSC were collected from subcutaneous abdominal fat and analyzed using high-throughput RNA-sequencing for expression of genes involved in insulin signaling. Expression profiles for enriched (fold change>1.4, p<0.05) and suppressed (fold change<0.7, p<0.05) mRNAs in MetS pigs were functionally interpreted by gene ontology analysis. The most prominently upregulated and downregulated mRNAs were further probed. RESULTS We identified in MetS-MSC 168 up-regulated and 51 down-regulated mRNAs related to insulin signaling. Enriched mRNAs were implicated in biological pathways including hepatic glucose metabolism, adipocyte differentiation, and transcription regulation, and down-regulated mRNAs in intracellular calcium signaling and cleaving peptides. Functional analysis suggested that overall these alterations could increase IR. CONCLUSIONS MetS alters mRNA expression related to insulin signaling in adipose tissue-derived MSC. These observations mandate caution during administration of autologous MSC in subjects with MetS.
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Goni L, Milagro FI, Cuervo M, Martínez JA. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms and DNA methylation markers associated with central obesity and regulation of body weight. Nutr Rev 2014; 72:673-90. [DOI: 10.1111/nure.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Goni
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Centre for Nutrition Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona Spain
| | - Fermín I Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Centre for Nutrition Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CIBER Fisiología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn); Madrid Spain
| | - Marta Cuervo
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Centre for Nutrition Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CIBER Fisiología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn); Madrid Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; Centre for Nutrition Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CIBER Fisiología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn); Madrid Spain
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Comasco E, Iliadis SI, Larsson A, Olovsson M, Oreland L, Sundström-Poromaa I, Skalkidou A. Adipocytokines levels at delivery, functional variation of TFAP2β, and maternal and neonatal anthropometric parameters. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013; 21:2130-7. [PMID: 23408462 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adipocytokines participate in the regulation of glucose metabolism and fetal development. The transcription factor activating protein 2B (TFAP2β) has been associated with adipocytokine regulation, and gene variations with type 2 diabetes and obesity. This study investigated associations between maternal TFAP2B variation, adipocytokine levels, and maternal and neonatal anthropometric characteristics. DESIGN AND METHODS A population-based sample of women was followed from delivery to 6 months postpartum. Adiponectin, leptin, and interleukin-6 levels at delivery, and maternal as well as neonatal anthropometric variables were assessed. The TFAP2β intron 1 variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) was genotyped. RESULTS Maternal interleukin-6 correlated positively with leptin at delivery, with peripartum weight changes and weight of newborn males, adjusted for potential confounders. Leptin at delivery was associated with TFAP2β intron 1 VNTR genotype, adjusted for confounders, maternal weight and negatively with birth weight among female neonates. A path model suggested a link between TFAP2β genotype, leptin levels, and newborn females' weight. CONCLUSIONS The present results stress a role for the TFAP2 β in adiposity-related conditions and intrauterine growth. The association between neonatal birth weight and maternal adipocytokine levels, together with the observed sex effect, call for further studies on the mechanisms behind neuroendocrine fetal programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Comasco
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, 75 124 Uppsala, Sweden
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Bille DS, Banasik K, Justesen JM, Sandholt CH, Sandbæk A, Lauritzen T, Jørgensen T, Witte DR, Holm JC, Hansen T, Pedersen O. Implications of central obesity-related variants in LYPLAL1, NRXN3, MSRA, and TFAP2B on quantitative metabolic traits in adult Danes. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20640. [PMID: 21674055 PMCID: PMC3107232 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have suggested that four variants: rs2605100 in lysophospholipase-like 1 (LYPLAL1), rs10146997 in neuroxin 3 (NRXN3), rs545854 in methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MSRA), and rs987237 in transcription factor activating enhancer-binding protein 2 beta (TFAP2B) associate with measures of central obesity. To elucidate potential underlying phenotypes we aimed to investigate whether these variants associated with: 1) quantitative metabolic traits, 2) anthropometric measures (waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio, and BMI), or 3) type 2 diabetes, and central and general overweight and obesity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The four variants were genotyped in Danish individuals using KASPar®. Quantitative metabolic traits were examined in a population-based sample (n = 6,038) and WC and BMI were furthermore analyzed in a combined study sample (n = 13,507). Case-control studies of diabetes and adiposity included 15,326 individuals. The major G-allele of LYPLAL1 rs2605100 associated with increased fasting serum triglyceride concentrations (per allele effect (β) = 3%(1;5(95%CI)), p(additive) = 2.7×10(-3)), an association driven by the male gender (p(interaction) = 0.02). The same allele associated with increased fasting serum insulin concentrations (β = 3%(1;5), p(additive) = 2.5×10(-3)) and increased insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (β = 4%(1;6), p(additive) = 1.5×10(-3)). The minor G-allele of rs10146997 in NRXN3 associated with increased WC among women (β = 0.55cm (0.20;0.89), p(additive) = 1.7×10(-3), p(interaction) = 1.0×10(-3)), but showed no associations with obesity related metabolic traits. The MSRA rs545854 and TFAP2B rs987237 showed nominal associations with central obesity; however, no underlying metabolic phenotypes became obvious, when investigating quantitative metabolic traits. None of the variants influenced the prevalence of type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE We demonstrate that several of the central obesity-associated variants in LYPLAL1, NRXN3, MSRA, and TFAP2B associate with metabolic and anthropometric traits in Danish adults. However, analyses were made without adjusting for multiple testing, and further studies are needed to confirm the putative role of LYPLAL1, NRXN3, MSRA, and TFAP2B in the pathophysiology of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorthe S. Bille
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Children's Obesity Clinic, Department of Paediatrics, Holbæk University Hospital, Holbæk, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karina Banasik
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Johanne M. Justesen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla H. Sandholt
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Medical and Science, Development Projects, Bagsværd, Denmark
| | - Annelli Sandbæk
- Department of General Practice, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Torsten Lauritzen
- Department of General Practice, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | | | - Jens-Christian Holm
- The Children's Obesity Clinic, Department of Paediatrics, Holbæk University Hospital, Holbæk, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Hagedorn Research Institute, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Hagedorn Research Institute, Gentofte, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
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Association between an ASIC3 gene variant and insulin resistance in Taiwanese. Clin Chim Acta 2010; 411:1132-6. [PMID: 20416288 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2010.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Revised: 03/20/2010] [Accepted: 04/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) is a ligand-gated cation channel activated by extracellular protons. ASIC3(-/-) mice exhibit protection against age-dependent glucose intolerance with enhanced insulin sensitivity. METHODS To determine the association between ASIC3 genetic polymorphisms and insulin resistance in Taiwanese, 606 unrelated subjects with no history of cardiovascular disease were recruited during routine health examinations. RESULTS Six ASIC3 gene polymorphisms were genotyped and only the rs2288646 polymorphism was found associated with insulin resistance. Significantly lower fasting serum insulin levels and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and significantly higher quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were observed in subjects carrying the rs2288646-A allele than in the non-carriers (P=0.028, P=0.047 and P=0.031, respectively) after adjustment for age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). Significantly lower frequencies of the rs2288646-A-containing genotypes were found in insulin resistant subjects (P=0.023). By multivariate analysis, rs2288646 genotypes, age, BMI, fasting plasma glucose level, C-reactive protein level, and soluble intercellular adhesive molecule 1 level, were all independently associated with HOMA-IR index and QUICKI (all, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our analysis indicated an independent association between an ASIC3 genetic polymorphism and insulin resistance in Taiwanese.
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Transcription factor AP-2β: A negative regulator of IRS-1 gene expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 392:526-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2009] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Transcription factor AP-2beta inhibits expression and secretion of leptin, an insulin-sensitizing hormone, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Int J Obes (Lond) 2010; 34:670-8. [PMID: 20065963 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2009.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously reported an association between the activator protein-2beta (AP-2beta) transcription factor gene and type 2 diabetes. This gene is preferentially expressed in adipose tissue, and subjects with a disease-susceptible allele of AP-2beta showed stronger AP-2beta expression in adipose tissue than those without the susceptible allele. Furthermore, overexpression of AP-2beta led to lipid accumulation and induced insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. RESULT We found that overexpression of AP-2beta in 3T3-L1 adipocytes decreased the promoter activity of leptin, and subsequently decreased both messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression and secretion. Furthermore, knockdown of endogenous AP-2beta by RNA-interference increased mRNA and protein expression of leptin. Electrophoretic mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed specific binding of AP-2beta to leptin promoter regions in vitro and in vivo. In addition, site-directed mutagenesis of the AP-2-binding site located between position +34 and +42 relative to the transcription start site abolished the inhibitory effect of AP-2beta. Our results clearly showed that AP-2beta directly inhibited insulin-sensitizing hormone leptin expression by binding to its promoter. CONCLUSION AP-2beta modulated the expression of leptin through direct interaction with its promoter region.
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Transcription factor AP2 beta involved in severe female alcoholism. Brain Res 2009; 1305 Suppl:S20-6. [PMID: 19778525 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Revised: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 09/15/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Susceptibility to alcoholism and antisocial behavior exhibits an evident link to monoaminergic neurotransmission. The serotonin system in particular, which is associated with regulation of mood and behavior, has an influence on personality characters that are firmly connected to risk of developing alcoholism and antisocial behavior, such as impulsiveness, and aggression. The transcription factor TFAP2b has repeatedly been shown to be involved in monoaminergic transmission, likely due to a regulatory effect on genes that are fundamental to this system, e.g. monoamine oxidase type A, and the serotonin transporter. Recent research has identified a functional polymorphism in the gene encoding TFAP2B that regulates its level of expression. In the present study we have compared a sample of female alcoholics (n=107), sentenced to institutional care for their severe addiction, contrasted against a control sample of adolescent females (n=875). The results showed that parental alcohol misuse was significantly more common among the alcoholic females, and also that parental alcohol misuse was associated with a reduction in age of alcohol debut. We also addressed the question of whether a functional TFAP2b polymorphism was associated with alcoholism. Results showed that the high-functioning allele was significantly more common among the female alcoholics, compared to the non-alcoholic controls. Furthermore, the results also indicated that psychosocial factors, in terms of parental alcohol misuse, depression or psychiatric disorder, had an influence on the association. It was observed that the genetic association was restricted to the subset of cases that had not experienced these negative psychosocial factors.
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