1
|
Nakanishi S, Li J, Berglund AE, Kim Y, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Yang C, Song J, Mirmira RG, Cleveland JL. The Polyamine-Hypusine Circuit Controls an Oncogenic Translational Program Essential for Malignant Conversion in MYC-Driven Lymphoma. Blood Cancer Discov 2023; 4:294-317. [PMID: 37070973 PMCID: PMC10320645 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-22-0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The MYC oncoprotein is activated in a broad spectrum of human malignancies and transcriptionally reprograms the genome to drive cancer cell growth. Given this, it is unclear if targeting a single effector of MYC will have therapeutic benefit. MYC activates the polyamine-hypusine circuit, which posttranslationally modifies the eukaryotic translation factor eIF5A. The roles of this circuit in cancer are unclear. Here we report essential intrinsic roles for hypusinated eIF5A in the development and maintenance of MYC-driven lymphoma, where the loss of eIF5A hypusination abolishes malignant transformation of MYC-overexpressing B cells. Mechanistically, integrating RNA sequencing, ribosome sequencing, and proteomic analyses revealed that efficient translation of select targets is dependent upon eIF5A hypusination, including regulators of G1-S phase cell-cycle progression and DNA replication. This circuit thus controls MYC's proliferative response, and it is also activated across multiple malignancies. These findings suggest the hypusine circuit as a therapeutic target for several human tumor types. SIGNIFICANCE Elevated EIF5A and the polyamine-hypusine circuit are manifest in many malignancies, including MYC-driven tumors, and eIF5A hypusination is necessary for MYC proliferative signaling. Not-ably, this circuit controls an oncogenic translational program essential for the development and maintenance of MYC-driven lymphoma, supporting this axis as a target for cancer prevention and treatment. See related commentary by Wilson and Klein, p. 248. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 247.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shima Nakanishi
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jiannong Li
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Anders E. Berglund
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Youngchul Kim
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Chunying Yang
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jinming Song
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - John L. Cleveland
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Winkler R, Piskor EM, Kosan C. Lessons from Using Genetically Engineered Mouse Models of MYC-Induced Lymphoma. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010037. [PMID: 36611833 PMCID: PMC9818924 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic overexpression of MYC leads to the fatal deregulation of signaling pathways, cellular metabolism, and cell growth. MYC rearrangements are found frequently among non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas enforcing MYC overexpression. Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) were developed to understand MYC-induced B-cell lymphomagenesis. Here, we highlight the advantages of using Eµ-Myc transgenic mice. We thoroughly compiled the available literature to discuss common challenges when using such mouse models. Furthermore, we give an overview of pathways affected by MYC based on knowledge gained from the use of GEMMs. We identified top regulators of MYC-induced lymphomagenesis, including some candidates that are not pharmacologically targeted yet.
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao R, Liu Y, Wu C, Li M, Wei Y, Niu W, Yang J, Fan S, Xie Y, Li H, Wang W, Zeng Z, Xiong W, Li X, Li G, Zhou M. BRD7 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Tumor Growth Through Stabilization of c-Myc in Colorectal Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:659392. [PMID: 34109174 PMCID: PMC8181413 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.659392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BRD7 functions as a crucial tumor suppressor in numerous malignancies. However, the effects of BRD7 on colorectal cancer (CRC) progression are still unknown. Here, based on the BRD7 knockout (BRD7-/-) and BRD7 flox/flox (BRD7+/+) mouse models constructed in our previous work, we established an azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS)-induced mouse model. BRD7+/+ mice were found to be highly susceptible to AOM/DSS-induced colitis-associated CRC, and BRD7 significantly promoted cell proliferation and cell cycle G1/S transition but showed no significant effect on cell apoptosis. Furthermore, BRD7 interacted with c-Myc and stabilized c-Myc by inhibiting its ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation. Moreover, restoring the expression of c-Myc in BRD7-silenced CRC cells restored cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. In addition, BRD7 and c-Myc were both significantly upregulated in CRC patients, and high expression of these proteins was associated with clinical stage and poor prognosis in CRC patients. Collectively, BRD7 functions as an oncogene and promotes CRC progression by regulating the ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent stabilization of c-Myc protein. Targeting the BRD7/c-Myc axis could be a potential therapeutic strategy for CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yukun Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Chunchun Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengna Li
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanmei Wei
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weihong Niu
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Perturbation-based gene regulatory network inference to unravel oncogenic mechanisms. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14149. [PMID: 32843692 PMCID: PMC7447758 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The gene regulatory network (GRN) of human cells encodes mechanisms to ensure proper functioning. However, if this GRN is dysregulated, the cell may enter into a disease state such as cancer. Understanding the GRN as a system can therefore help identify novel mechanisms underlying disease, which can lead to new therapies. To deduce regulatory interactions relevant to cancer, we applied a recent computational inference framework to data from perturbation experiments in squamous carcinoma cell line A431. GRNs were inferred using several methods, and the false discovery rate was controlled by the NestBoot framework. We developed a novel approach to assess the predictiveness of inferred GRNs against validation data, despite the lack of a gold standard. The best GRN was significantly more predictive than the null model, both in cross-validated benchmarks and for an independent dataset of the same genes under a different perturbation design. The inferred GRN captures many known regulatory interactions central to cancer-relevant processes in addition to predicting many novel interactions, some of which were experimentally validated, thus providing mechanistic insights that are useful for future cancer research.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang J, McGrail DJ, Bhupal PK, Zhang W, Lin KY, Ku YH, Lin T, Wu H, Tsai KC, Li K, Peng CY, Finegold MJ, Lin SY, Tsai RYL. Nucleostemin Modulates Outcomes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via a Tumor Adaptive Mechanism to Genomic Stress. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:723-734. [PMID: 32051231 PMCID: PMC7202947 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) are adapted to survive extreme genomic stress conditions imposed by hyperactive DNA replication and genotoxic drug treatment. The underlying mechanisms remain unclear, but may involve intensified DNA damage response/repair programs. Here, we investigate a new role of nucleostemin (NS) in allowing HCC to survive its own malignancy, as NS was previously shown to promote liver regeneration via a damage repair mechanism. We first established that a higher NS transcript level correlates with high-HCC grades and poor prognostic signatures, and is an independent predictor of shorter overall and progression-free survival specifically for HCC and kidney cancer but not for others. Immunostaining confirmed that NS is most abundantly expressed in high-grade and metastatic HCCs. Genome-wide analyses revealed that NS is coenriched with MYC target and homologous recombination (HR) repair genes in human HCC samples and functionally intersects with those involved in replication stress response and HR repair in yeasts. In support, NS-high HCCs are more reliant on the replicative/oxidative stress response pathways, whereas NS-low HCCs depend more on the mTOR pathway. Perturbation studies showed NS function in protecting human HCC cells from replication- and drug-induced DNA damage. Notably, NS depletion in HCC cells increases the amounts of physical DNA damage and cytosolic double-stranded DNA, leading to a reactive increase of cytokines and PD-L1. This study shows that NS provides an essential mechanism for HCC to adapt to high genomic stress for oncogenic maintenance and propagation. NS deficiency sensitizes HCC cells to chemotherapy but also triggers tumor immune responses. IMPLICATIONS: HCC employs a novel, nucleostemin (NS)-mediated-mediated adaptive mechanism to survive high genomic stress conditions, a deficiency of which sensitizes HCC cells to chemotherapy but also triggers tumor immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junying Wang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Daniel J McGrail
- Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Parnit K Bhupal
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Wen Zhang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuan-Yu Lin
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Yi-Hsuan Ku
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Tao Lin
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Hongfu Wu
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Kyle C Tsai
- Michael E. DeBakey High School for Health Professions, Houston, Texas
| | - Kaiyi Li
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Cheng-Yuan Peng
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Milton J Finegold
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Shiaw-Yih Lin
- Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert Y L Tsai
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lin T, Lin TC, McGrail DJ, Bhupal PK, Ku YH, Zhang W, Meng L, Lin SY, Peng G, Tsai RYL. Nucleostemin reveals a dichotomous nature of genome maintenance in mammary tumor progression. Oncogene 2019; 38:3919-3931. [PMID: 30692636 PMCID: PMC6525051 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0710-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A defective homologous recombination (HR) repair program increases tumor incidence as well as providing a survival advantage in patients with breast and ovarian cancers. Here, we hypothesize that the tumor-promoting side of genome maintenance programs may be contributed by a self-renewal protein, nucleostemin (NS). To address this issue, we established its functional importance in mammary tumor progression in mice and showed that mammary tumor cells become highly susceptible to replicative DNA damage following NS depletion and are protected from hydroxyurea-induced damage by NS overexpression. Breast cancer cells with basal-like characters display more reliance on NS for genome maintenance than those with luminal characters. Mechanistically, NS-deficient cells demonstrate a significantly reduced HR repair activity. TCGA analyses of human breast cancers revealed that NS is co-enriched positively with HR repair proteins and that high NS expression correlates with low HR defects and predicts poor progression-free survival and resistance to knockdown of cell cycle checkpoint genes in triple-negative/basal-like breast cancers. This work indicates that NS constitutes a tumor-promoting genome maintenance program required for mammary tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lin
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tsung-Chin Lin
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel J McGrail
- Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Parnit K Bhupal
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yi-Hsuan Ku
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wen Zhang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lingjun Meng
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shiaw-Yih Lin
- Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guang Peng
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert Y L Tsai
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bono B, Ostano P, Peritore M, Gregnanin I, Belgiovine C, Liguori M, Allavena P, Chiorino G, Chiodi I, Mondello C. Cells with stemness features are generated from in vitro transformed human fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13838. [PMID: 30218041 PMCID: PMC6138721 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32197-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been involved in the maintenance, progression and relapse of several tumors, but their origin is still elusive. Here, in vitro transformed human fibroblasts (cen3tel cells) and the tumorsphere assay were used to search for and possibly characterize CSCs in transformed somatic cells. Cen3tel cells formed spheres showing self-renewal capacity and Sox2 overexpression, suggesting that they contained a subset of cells with CSC-like features. Sphere cells displayed deregulation of a c-MYC/miR-34a circuitry, likely associated with cell protection from apoptosis. Gene expression profiles of sphere cells revealed an extensive transcriptional reprogramming. Genes up-regulated in tumorspheres identified processes related to tumorigenesis and stemness, as cholesterol biosynthesis, apoptosis suppression, interferon and cytokine mediated signalling pathways. Sphere cells engrafted into NSG mice more rapidly than adherent cells, but both cell populations were tumorigenic. These results indicate that, during transformation, human somatic cells can acquire CSC properties, confirming the high plasticity of tumor cells. However, CSC-like cells are not the only tumorigenic population in transformed cells, indicating that the CSC phenotype and tumorigenicity can be uncoupled.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bartolo Bono
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, Via Abbiategrasso, 207, 27100, Pavia, Italy.,Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Pavia University, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Ostano
- "Cancer Genomics Laboratory" Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia Valenta, Via Malta, 3, 13900, Biella, Italy
| | - Martina Peritore
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, Via Abbiategrasso, 207, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Gregnanin
- "Cancer Genomics Laboratory" Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia Valenta, Via Malta, 3, 13900, Biella, Italy
| | - Cristina Belgiovine
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Liguori
- IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Allavena
- IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Chiorino
- "Cancer Genomics Laboratory" Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia Valenta, Via Malta, 3, 13900, Biella, Italy
| | - Ilaria Chiodi
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, Via Abbiategrasso, 207, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Chiara Mondello
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, Via Abbiategrasso, 207, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fakhimahmadi A, Nazmi F, Rahmati M, Bonab NM, Hashemi M, Moosavi MA. Nucleostemin silencing induces differentiation and potentiates all-trans-retinoic acid effects in human acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells via autophagy. Leuk Res 2017; 63:15-21. [PMID: 29096331 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report that targeting Nucleostemin (NS), a recently discovered stem cells-enriched gene, by a specific small interference RNA (siNS), decreases the rate of proliferation of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) NB4 cells and induces differentiation and autophagy. In addition, NS silencing promotes the effects of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-based differentiation therapy in NB4 cells. Autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine and bafilomycin block the effect of NS targeting on differentiation, indicating a new functional link between NS and autophagy as an important regulator of differentiation in NB4 cells. The capability of NS in modulating autophagy and differentiation, alone or in combination with ATRA, may help to broaden the range of treatment options available to treat leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aila Fakhimahmadi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box:14965/161, Tehran, Iran; Islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farinaz Nazmi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box:14965/161, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, P.O. Box 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marveh Rahmati
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazila Moghtaran Bonab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, P.O. Box 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Amin Moosavi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box:14965/161, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sun X, Jia Y, Wei Y, Liu S, Yue B. Gene expression profiling of NB4 cells following knockdown of nucleostemin using DNA microarrays. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:175-83. [PMID: 27374947 PMCID: PMC4918620 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleostemin (NS) is mainly expressed in stem and tumor cells, and is necessary for the maintenance of their self-renewal and proliferation. Originally, NS was thought to exert its effects through inhibiting p53, while recent studies have revealed that NS is also able to function independently of p53. The present study performed a gene expression profiling analysis of p53‑mutant NB4 leukeima cells following knockdown of NS in order to elucidate the p53‑independent NS pathway. NS expression was silenced using lentivirus‑mediated RNA interference technology, and gene expression profiling of NB4 cells was performed by DNA microarray analysis. A total of 1,953 genes were identified to be differentially expressed (fold change ≥2 or ≤0.5) following knockdown of NS expression. Furthermore, reverse‑transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to detect the expression of certain candidate genes, and the results were in agreement with the micaroarray data. Pathway analysis indicated that aberrant genes were enhanced in endoplasmic, c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase and mineral absorption pathways. The present study shed light on the mechanisms of the p54‑independent NS pathway in NB4 cells and provided a foundation for the discovery of promising targets for the treatment of p53-mutant leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Sun
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yu Jia
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyu Wei
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Baohong Yue
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yuan F, Cheng Q, Li G, Tong T. Nucleostemin Knockdown Sensitizes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells to Ultraviolet and Serum Starvation-Induced Apoptosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141678. [PMID: 26517370 PMCID: PMC4627730 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleostemin (NS) is a GTP-binding protein that is predominantly expressed in embryonic and adult stem cells but not in terminally differentiated cells. NS plays an essential role in maintaining the continuous proliferation of stem cells and some types of cancer cells. However, the role of NS in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the role of NS in HCC. First, we demonstrated high expression of NS in most HCC cell lines and liver cancer tissues. NS knockdown induced a severe decline in cell viability of MHCC97H cells as detected by MTT and cell proliferation assays. Next, we used ultraviolet (UV) and serum starvation-induced apoptosis models to investigate whether NS suppression or up-regulation affects HCC cell apoptosis. After UV treatment or serum starvation, apoptosis was strongly enhanced in MHCC97H and Bel7402 cells transfected with small interfering RNA against NS, whereas NS overexpression inhibited UV- and serum-induced apoptosis of HCC cells. Furthermore, after UV irradiation, inhibition of NS increased the expression of pro-apoptosis protein caspase 3 and decreased the expression of anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2. A caspase 3 inhibitor could obviously prevent NS knockdown-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, our study demonstrated overexpression of NS in most HCC tissues compared with their matched surrounding tissues, and silencing NS promoted UV- and serum starvation-induced apoptosis of MHCC97H and Bel7402 cells. Therefore, the NS gene might be a potential therapeutic target of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuwen Yuan
- Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Guodong Li
- Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Tanjun Tong
- Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kuriyama S, Yoshida M, Yano S, Aiba N, Kohno T, Minamiya Y, Goto A, Tanaka M. LPP inhibits collective cell migration during lung cancer dissemination. Oncogene 2015; 35:952-64. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
12
|
Hariharan N, Quijada P, Mohsin S, Joyo A, Samse K, Monsanto M, De La Torre A, Avitabile D, Ormachea L, McGregor MJ, Tsai EJ, Sussman MA. Nucleostemin rejuvenates cardiac progenitor cells and antagonizes myocardial aging. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 65:133-47. [PMID: 25593054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.09.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional decline in stem cell-mediated regeneration contributes to aging associated with cellular senescence in c-kit+ cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs). Clinical implementation of CPC-based therapy in elderly patients would benefit tremendously from understanding molecular characteristics of senescence to antagonize aging. Nucleostemin (NS) is a nucleolar protein regulating stem cell proliferation and pluripotency. OBJECTIVES This study sought to demonstrate that NS preserves characteristics associated with "stemness" in CPCs and antagonizes myocardial senescence and aging. METHODS CPCs isolated from human fetal (fetal human cardiac progenitor cell [FhCPC]) and adult failing (adult human cardiac progenitor cell [AhCPC]) hearts, as well as young (young cardiac progenitor cell [YCPC]) and old mice (old cardiac progenitor cell [OCPC]), were studied for senescence characteristics and NS expression. Heterozygous knockout mice with 1 functional allele of NS (NS+/-) were used to demonstrate that NS preserves myocardial structure and function and slows characteristics of aging. RESULTS NS expression is decreased in AhCPCs relative to FhCPCs, correlating with lowered proliferation potential and shortened telomere length. AhCPC characteristics resemble those of OCPCs, which have a phenotype induced by NS silencing, resulting in cell flattening, senescence, multinucleated cells, decreased S-phase progression, diminished expression of stemness markers, and up-regulation of p53 and p16. CPC senescence resulting from NS loss is partially p53 dependent and is rescued by concurrent silencing of p53. Mechanistically, NS induction correlates with Pim-1 kinase-mediated stabilization of c-Myc. Engineering OCPCs and AhCPCs to overexpress NS decreases senescent and multinucleated cells, restores morphology, and antagonizes senescence, thereby preserving phenotypic properties of "stemness." Early cardiac aging with a decline in cardiac function, an increase in senescence markers p53 and p16, telomere attrition, and accompanied CPC exhaustion is evident in NS+/- mice. CONCLUSIONS Youthful properties and antagonism of senescence in CPCs and the myocardium are consistent with a role for NS downstream from Pim-1 signaling that enhances cardiac regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nirmala Hariharan
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Pearl Quijada
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Sadia Mohsin
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Anya Joyo
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Kaitlen Samse
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Megan Monsanto
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Andrea De La Torre
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Daniele Avitabile
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Ormachea
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Michael J McGregor
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Emily J Tsai
- Section in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark A Sussman
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
SUN XIAOLI, JIA YU, WEI YUANYU, LIU SHUAI, YUE BAOHONG. Gene expression profiling of HL-60 cells following knockdown of nucleostemin using DNA microarrays. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:739-47. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
14
|
Lo D, Zhang Y, Dai MS, Sun XX, Zeng SX, Lu H. Nucleostemin stabilizes ARF by inhibiting the ubiquitin ligase ULF. Oncogene 2014; 34:1688-97. [PMID: 24769896 PMCID: PMC4212020 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Up-regulated expression of nucleolar GTPase Nucleostemin (NS) has been associated with increased cellular proliferation potential and tumor malignancy during cancer development. Recent reports attribute the growth regulatory effects of NS protein to its role in facilitating ribosome production. However, the oncogenic potential of NS remains unclear since imbalanced levels of NS have been reported to exert growth inhibitory effect by modulating p53 tumor suppressor activity. It also remains in questions if aberrant NS levels might play a p53-independent role in regulation of cell proliferation and growth. In this study, we performed affinity purification and mass spectrometry analysis to explore protein-protein interactions influencing NS growth regulatory properties independently of p53 tumor suppressor. We identified the Alternative Reading Frame (ARF) protein as a key protein associating with NS and further verified the interaction through in vitro and in vivo assays. We demonstrated that NS is able to regulate cell cycle progression by regulating the stability of the ARF tumor suppressor. Furthermore, overexpression of NS suppressed ARF polyubiquitination by its E3 ligase ULF and elongated its half-life, while knockdown of NS led to the decrease of ARF levels. Also, we found that NS can enhance NPM stabilization of ARF. Thus, we propose that in the absence of p53, ARF can be stabilized by NS and NPM to serve as an alternative tumor suppressor surveillance, preventing potential cellular transformation resulting from the growth inducing effects of NS overexpression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Lo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - M-S Dai
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - X-X Sun
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - S X Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - H Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Schmitt T, Ogris C, Sonnhammer ELL. FunCoup 3.0: database of genome-wide functional coupling networks. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 42:D380-8. [PMID: 24185702 PMCID: PMC3965084 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an update of the FunCoup database (http://FunCoup.sbc.su.se) of functional couplings, or functional associations, between genes and gene products. Identifying these functional couplings is an important step in the understanding of higher level mechanisms performed by complex cellular processes. FunCoup distinguishes between four classes of couplings: participation in the same signaling cascade, participation in the same metabolic process, co-membership in a protein complex and physical interaction. For each of these four classes, several types of experimental and statistical evidence are combined by Bayesian integration to predict genome-wide functional coupling networks. The FunCoup framework has been completely re-implemented to allow for more frequent future updates. It contains many improvements, such as a regularization procedure to automatically downweight redundant evidences and a novel method to incorporate phylogenetic profile similarity. Several datasets have been updated and new data have been added in FunCoup 3.0. Furthermore, we have developed a new Web site, which provides powerful tools to explore the predicted networks and to retrieve detailed information about the data underlying each prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schmitt
- Stockholm Bioinformatics Centre, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 1031, Solna SE-17121, Sweden, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University and Swedish eScience Research Center
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shugo H, Ooshio T, Naito M, Naka K, Hoshii T, Tadokoro Y, Muraguchi T, Tamase A, Uema N, Yamashita T, Nakamoto Y, Suda T, Kaneko S, Hirao A. Nucleostemin in Injury-Induced Liver Regeneration. Stem Cells Dev 2012; 21:3044-54. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2011.0725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiko Shugo
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takako Ooshio
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masako Naito
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Naka
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takayuki Hoshii
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Tadokoro
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Muraguchi
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Akira Tamase
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Uema
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taro Yamashita
- Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasunari Nakamoto
- Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Toshio Suda
- Department of Cell Differentiation, The Sakaguchi Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kaneko
- Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hirao
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lo D, Dai MS, Sun XX, Zeng SX, Lu H. Ubiquitin- and MDM2 E3 ligase-independent proteasomal turnover of nucleostemin in response to GTP depletion. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:10013-10020. [PMID: 22318725 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.335141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleostemin (NS) is a nucleolar GTP-binding protein essential for ribosomal biogenesis, proliferation, and animal embryogenesis. It remains largely unclear how this protein is regulated. While working on its role in suppression of MDM2 and activation of p53, we observed that NS protein (but not mRNA) levels decreased drastically in response to GTP depletion. When trying to further elucidate the molecular mechanism(s) underlying this unusual phenomenon, we found that NS was degraded independently of ubiquitin and MDM2 upon GTP depletion. First, depletion of GTP by treating cells with mycophenolic acid decreased the level of NS without apparently affecting the levels of other nucleolar proteins. Second, mutant NS defective in GTP binding and exported to the nucleoplasm was much less stable than wild-type NS. Although NS was ubiquitinated in cells, its polyubiquitination was independent of Lys-48 or Lys-63 in the ubiquitin molecule. Inactivation of E1 in E1 temperature-sensitive mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells failed to prevent the proteasomal degradation of NS. The proteasomal turnover of NS was also MDM2-independent, as its half-life in p53/MDM2 double knock-out MEF cells was the same as that in wild-type MEF cells. Moreover, NS ubiquitination was MDM2-independent. Mycophenolic acid or doxorubicin induced NS degradation in various human cancerous cells regardless of the status of MDM2. Hence, these results indicate that NS undergoes a ubiquitin- and MDM2-independent proteasomal degradation when intracellular GTP levels are markedly reduced and also suggest that ubiquitination of NS may be involved in regulation of its function rather than stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy Lo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112 and
| | - Mu-Shui Dai
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Xiao-Xin Sun
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Shelya X Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112 and
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112 and.
| |
Collapse
|