1
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Zheng F, Li W, Cheng C, Xiong D, Wei M, Wang T, Niu D, Hui Q. Formyl Peptide Receptor 1 Inhibits Reparative Angiogenesis and Aggravates Neuroretinal Dysfunction in Ischemic Retinopathy. Curr Eye Res 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38856166 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2363473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ischemic retinopathy is the major cause of vision-threatening conditions. Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic retinopathy. Formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) has been reported to be implicated in the regulation of inflammatory disorders. However, the role of FPR1 in the progression of ischemic retinal injury has not been fully explained. METHODS The activation of FPR1 was measured by real-time PCR and western blotting in the retina of OIR. The effect of FPR1 on the expression of inflammatory cytokines and relevant pro-angiogenic factors was assessed between wild-type and FPR1-deficiency OIR mice. The impact of FPR1 on retinal angiogenesis was evaluated through quantifying retinal vaso-obliteration and neovascularization between FPR1+/+ and FPR1-/- OIR mice. At last, the neuronal effect of FPR1 on the ischemic retina was investigated by ERG between wild-type and FPR1-deficient OIR mice. RESULTS The expression of FPR1 significantly increased in the retina of OIR. Furthermore, FPR1 deficiency downregulated pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic factors. Ablation of FPR1 suppressed the retinal pathological neovascularization and promoted reparative revascularization, ultimately improving retinal neural function after ischemic injury. CONCLUSION In ischemic retinopathy, FPR1 aggravates inflammation and inhibits reparative angiogenesis to exacerbate neuronal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengwei Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weixin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dong Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Minghao Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianze Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongling Niu
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiaoyan Hui
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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2
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Li L, Wang B, Zhao S, Xiong Q, Cheng A. The role of ANXA1 in the tumor microenvironment. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111854. [PMID: 38479155 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is widely expressed in a variety of body tissues and cells and is also involved in tumor development through multiple pathways. The invasion, metastasis, and immune escape of tumor cells depend on the interaction between tumor cells and their surrounding environment. Research shows that ANXA1 can act on a variety of cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and subsequently affect the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumors. This article describes the role of ANXA1 in the various components of the tumor microenvironment and its mechanism of action, as well as the existing clinical treatment measures related to ANXA1. These findings provide insight for the further design of strategies targeting ANXA1 for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxin Li
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Baiqi Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qinglin Xiong
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ailan Cheng
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
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3
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Huang XM, Liao E, Liao JQ, Liu YL, Shao Y. FPR1 Antagonist (BOC-MLF) Inhibits Amniotic Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition. Curr Med Sci 2024; 44:187-194. [PMID: 38300426 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2794-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a common pregnancy disorder that is closely associated with structural weakening of fetal membranes. Studies have found that formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) activates inflammatory pathways and amniotic epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT), stimulates collagen degradation, and leads to membrane weakening and membrane rupture. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and EMT inhibitory effects of FPR1 antagonist (BOC-MLF) to provide a basis for clinical prevention of PROM. METHODS The relationship between PROM, FPR1, and EMT was analyzed in human fetal membrane tissue and plasma samples using Western blotting, PCR, Masson staining, and ELISA assays. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to establish a fetal membrane inflammation model in pregnant rats, and BOC-MLF was used to treat the LPS rat model. We detected interleukin (IL)-6 in blood from the rat hearts to determine whether the inflammatory model was successful and whether the anti-inflammatory treatment was effective. We used electron microscopy to analyze the structure and collagen expression of rat fetal membrane. RESULTS Western blotting, PCR and Masson staining indicated that the expression of FPR1 was significantly increased, the expression of collagen was decreased, and EMT appeared in PROM. The rat model indicated that LPS caused the collapse of fetal membrane epithelial cells, increased intercellular gaps, and decreased collagen. BOC-MLF promoted an increase in fetal membrane collagen, inhibited EMT, and reduced the weakening of fetal membranes. CONCLUSION The expression of FPR1 in the fetal membrane of PROM was significantly increased, and EMT of the amniotic membrane was obvious. BOC-MLF can treat inflammation and inhibit amniotic EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Mei Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - E Liao
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jun-Qun Liao
- Medical Laboratory Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Ya-Ling Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Yubei Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yong Shao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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4
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Park SJ, Greer PL, Lee N. From odor to oncology: non-canonical odorant receptors in cancer. Oncogene 2024; 43:304-318. [PMID: 38087050 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02908-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Odorant receptors, traditionally associated with olfaction as chemoreceptors, have been increasingly recognized for their presence and diverse functions in various non-nasal tissues throughout the body. Beyond their roles in sensory perception, emerging evidence suggests a compelling interplay between odorant receptors and cancer progression as well. Alongside the canonical GPCR odorant receptors, dysregulation of non-canonical odorant receptors such as trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs), formyl peptide receptors (FPRs), and membrane-spanning 4A family (MS4As) has been observed in various cancer types, suggesting their contributions to cancer progression. The roles of these non-canonical chemoreceptors in cancer are complex, with some receptors promoting tumorigenesis and others acting as tumor-suppressing factors upon activation, depending on the cancer type. These findings shed light on the potential of non-canonical odorant receptors as therapeutic targets and prognostic markers in cancer, inviting further exploration to unravel their precise mechanisms of action and implications in cancer biology. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the intricate relationships between these chemoreceptors and various types of cancer, potentially paving the way for innovative odor-based therapeutics. Ultimately, this review discusses the potential development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting these non-canonical chemoreceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jin Park
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Paul L Greer
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Namgyu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Francavilla F, Sarcina F, Schepetkin IA, Kirpotina LN, Contino M, Schirizzi A, De Leonardis G, Khlebnikov AI, D'Alessandro R, Quinn MT, Lacivita E, Leopoldo M. Development of potent isoflavone-based formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) antagonists and their effects in gastric cancer cell models. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 261:115854. [PMID: 37839346 PMCID: PMC10822168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptor-1 (FPR1) is a G protein-coupled chemoattractant receptor that plays a crucial role in the trafficking of leukocytes into the sites of bacterial infection and inflammation. Recently, FPR1 was shown to be expressed in different types of tumor cells and could play a significant role in tumor growth and invasiveness. Starting from the previously reported FPR1 antagonist 4, we have designed a new series of 4H-chromen-2-one derivatives that exhibited a substantial increase in FPR1 antagonist potency. Docking studies identified the key interactions for antagonist activity. The most potent compounds in this series (24a and 25b) were selected to study the effects of the pharmacological blockade of FPR1 in NCl-N87 and AGS gastric cancer cells. Both compounds potently inhibited cell growth through a combined effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis and reduced cell migration, while inducing an increase in angiogenesis, thus suggesting that FPR1 could play a dual role as oncogene and onco-suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Francavilla
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Federica Sarcina
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Igor A Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Lilya N Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Schirizzi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology - IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (BA), Italy
| | - Giampiero De Leonardis
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology - IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (BA), Italy
| | - Andrei I Khlebnikov
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Rosalba D'Alessandro
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology - IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (BA), Italy
| | - Mark T Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Enza Lacivita
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Marcello Leopoldo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
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6
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An Update of G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling and Its Deregulation in Gastric Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030736. [PMID: 36765694 PMCID: PMC9913146 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) belong to a cell surface receptor superfamily responding to a wide range of external signals. The binding of extracellular ligands to GPCRs activates a heterotrimeric G protein and triggers the production of numerous secondary messengers, which transduce the extracellular signals into cellular responses. GPCR signaling is crucial and imperative for maintaining normal tissue homeostasis. High-throughput sequencing analyses revealed the occurrence of the genetic aberrations of GPCRs and G proteins in multiple malignancies. The altered GPCRs/G proteins serve as valuable biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognostic prediction, and pharmacological targets. Furthermore, the dysregulation of GPCR signaling contributes to tumor initiation and development. In this review, we have summarized the research progress of GPCRs and highlighted their mechanisms in gastric cancer (GC). The aberrant activation of GPCRs promotes GC cell proliferation and metastasis, remodels the tumor microenvironment, and boosts immune escape. Through deep investigation, novel therapeutic strategies for targeting GPCR activation have been developed, and the final aim is to eliminate GPCR-driven gastric carcinogenesis.
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7
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Wang L, Chen Q, Liu T, Bai T, Zhang M, Hu Y, Li J, Chang F. Role and mechanism of benzo[a]pyrene in the transformation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease into lung adenocarcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022:10.1007/s00432-022-04353-y. [PMID: 36229541 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04353-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This experiment is explores the genes that play a key role, their expression changes and the biological processes in the transformation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) into lung adenocarcinoma (LAC). Meanwhile, identify the effects of Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in the conversion of COPD into LAC. METHODS 1. Differential expression genes of COPD and LAC were screened and analyzed by high-throughput microarray data between the two diseases and their respective control groups. 2. The screened genes were used for routine bioinformatics analysis such as functional analysis, expression verification, protein interaction analysis and functional enrichment. 3. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to establish an in vitro COPD model. 4. MTT assay was used to detect the influence of B(a)P in effect on A549 cell proliferation. CCK-8, Transwell invasion test and scratch test were used to detect the cell proliferation, invasion and migration ability, while qPCR and Western Blot tests were used to observe the cell proliferation, apoptosis and changes in related indicators such as EMT. 5. Experimental method of separately adding agonists (tBHQ) and inhibitors (DIC) of NQO1 was used to confirm the effect of NQO1 on A549 cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. 6. To further clarify whether BaP exerted effect on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion through NQO1, we knocked down NQO1 gene and then infecting cells with BaP. RESULTS 1. We screened genes of COPD and LAC using datasets from GSE151052, GSE118370, and GSE140797. After screening, the genes upregulated in COPD and downregulated in LAC were RTKN2, SLC6A4, and HBB, the gene downregulated in COPD and upregulated in LAC was NQO1, the genes downregulated in both COPD and LAC were FPR1, LYVE1 and PKHD1L1. 2. The main signaling pathways in which the target genes were enriched are cell cycle, EMT, PI3K/AKT, and apoptosis. In the data included GEPIA, PKHD1L1, FPR1, LYVE1, RTKN2, HBB, and SLC6A4 were significantly downregulated and NQO1 was upregulated in LAC relative to controls. In addition, there were 46 interaction proteins in the target genes, and the functions they enriched included hydrogen peroxide catabolism, etc. 3. When A549 cell was stimulated with 100 ng/mL LPS+ 10% CSE, the COX-2 expression indicated that COPD model in vitro was successfully established. 4. The optimal dose and action time were screened which were 1 μM and 24 h. Compared to the control group, COPD and BaP group increased cell proliferation and invasion capabilities. On the basis of COPD, adding BaP could further increase the proliferation and migration capabilities. Interestingly, the levels of NQO1 decreased in COPD models, while increased by BaP. 5. tBHQ can increase the proliferation and migration capacity of A549 cells, which is inhibited by the addition of DIC. 6. The enhanced proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 cells by BaP were attenuated after knockdown of NQO1. CONCLUSION Our study reveals that PKHD1L1, FPR1, LYVE1, RTKN2, HBB, SLC6A4 and NQO1 may play an important role in the conversion of COPD to LAC. High NQO1 expression may increase the proliferation and migration ability of A549 cells, and BaP may promote the EMT state by increasing the expression of NQO1, thereby making the COPD model in vitro expose the tumor characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010000, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010000, China.,School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Tuya Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010000, China.,New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010000, China.,New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Yuxia Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010000, China. .,New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China. .,New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China.
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010000, China. .,New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China. .,New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China.
| | - Fuhou Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010000, China. .,New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China.
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8
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Ma H, Guo X, Wang Z, Han M, Liu H. Therapeutic potential of WKYMVm in diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:986963. [PMID: 36120322 PMCID: PMC9479759 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.986963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthetic hexapeptide WKYMVm, screened from a synthetic peptide library, has been identified as an agonist of FPRs with the strongest activating effect on FPR2. WKYMVm plays an anti-inflammatory role in most inflammatory diseases by increasing the chemotaxis of phagocytes and regulating the secretion of inflammatory factors. WKYMVm can inhibit or promote the progression of different types of tumors, which depends on the regulation of WKYMVm on various components such as immune cells, inflammatory factors, chemokines, and tumor epithelial cells. Another major function of WKYMVm is to promote angiogenesis, which is reflected in its therapeutic value in ischemic diseases, wound healing and bone repair. In addition to the above functions, this paper also reviews the effects of WKYMVm on fibrosis, insulin resistance, osteolytic diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. By summarizing related studies, this review can increase people’s comprehensive understanding of WKYMVm, promote its broad and in-depth research, and help to exert its therapeutic value as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoming Guo
- Department of Endoscopy, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- Department of Endoscopy, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Liu, , Mei Han,
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Liu, , Mei Han,
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9
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Lu F, Zhu Y, Zhang G, Liu Z. Renovation as innovation: Repurposing human antibacterial peptide LL-37 for cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:944147. [PMID: 36081952 PMCID: PMC9445486 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.944147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In many organisms, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) display wide activities in innate host defense against microbial pathogens. Mammalian AMPs include the cathelicidin and defensin families. LL37 is the only one member of the cathelicidin family of host defense peptides expressed in humans. Since its discovery, it has become clear that they have pleiotropic effects. In addition to its antibacterial properties, many studies have shown that LL37 is also involved in a wide variety of biological activities, including tissue repair, inflammatory responses, hemotaxis, and chemokine induction. Moreover, recent studies suggest that LL37 exhibits the intricate and contradictory effects in promoting or inhibiting tumor growth. Indeed, an increasing amount of evidence suggests that human LL37 including its fragments and analogs shows anticancer effects on many kinds of cancer cell lines, although LL37 is also involved in cancer progression. Focusing on recent information, in this review, we explore and summarize how LL37 contributes to anticancer effect as well as discuss the strategies to enhance delivery of this peptide and selectivity for cancer cells.
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10
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Liotti F, Marotta M, Sorriento D, Pagliuca C, Caturano V, Mantova G, Scaglione E, Salvatore P, Melillo RM, Prevete N. The probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) restrains the angiogenic potential of colorectal carcinoma cells by activating a pro-resolving program via formyl peptide receptor 1. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:2959-2980. [PMID: 35808840 PMCID: PMC9394235 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptors (FPR1, FPR2 and FPR3) are innate immune sensors of pathogen and commensal bacteria and have a role in colonic mucosa homeostasis. We identified FPR1 as a tumour suppressor in gastric cancer cells due to its ability to sustain an inflammation resolution response with antiangiogenic potential. Here, we investigate whether FPR1 exerts similar functions in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells. Since it has been shown that the commensal bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) can promote intestinal epithelial homeostasis through FPR1, we explored the possibility that it could induce proresolving and antiangiogenic effects in CRC cells. We demonstrated that pharmacologic inhibition or genetic deletion of FPR1 in CRC cells caused a reduction of proresolving mediators and a consequent upregulation of angiogenic factors. The activation of FPR1 mediates opposite effects. Proresolving, antiangiogenic and homeostatic functions were also observed upon treatment of CRC cells with supernatant of LGG culture, but not of other lactic acid or nonprobiotic bacteria (i.e. Bifidobacterium bifidum or Escherichia coli). These activities of LGG are dependent on FPR1 expression and on the subsequent MAPK signalling activation. Thus, the innate immune receptor FPR1 could be a regulator of the balance between microbiota, inflammation and cancer in CRC models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Liotti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Marotta
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Sorriento
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Pagliuca
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Caturano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mantova
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Scaglione
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Salvatore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., Naples, Italy.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Marina Melillo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Nella Prevete
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), CNR, Naples, Italy.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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11
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Liotti F, Marotta M, Melillo RM, Prevete N. The Impact of Resolution of Inflammation on Tumor Microenvironment: Exploring New Ways to Control Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3333. [PMID: 35884394 PMCID: PMC9316558 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-resolving inflammation is an enabling feature of cancer. A novel super-family of lipid mediators termed Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators (SPMs) have a role as bioactive molecules mediating the resolution of inflammation in cancer biology. SPMs are derived from ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids through the activity of lipoxygenases. SPMs have been described to directly modulate cancer progression by interfering with the epithelial to mesenchymal transition and invasion of cancer cells. SPMs have also been demonstrated to act on several components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Consistently with their natural immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, SPMs are able to reprogram macrophages to favor phagocytosis of cell debris, which are an important source of pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic signals; sustain a direct cytotoxic immune response against cancer cells; stimulate neutrophils anti-tumor activities; and inhibit the development of regulatory T and B cells, thus indirectly leading to enhanced anti-tumor immunity. Furthermore, the resolution pathways exert crucial anti-angiogenic functions in lung, liver, and gastrointestinal cancers, and inhibit cancer-associated fibroblast differentiation and functions in hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. The present review will be focused on the potential protective effects of resolution pathways against cancer, exerted by modulating different components of the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Liotti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.L.); (M.M.)
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Marotta
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Rosa Marina Melillo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.L.); (M.M.)
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nella Prevete
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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12
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Tokajuk J, Deptuła P, Piktel E, Daniluk T, Chmielewska S, Wollny T, Wolak P, Fiedoruk K, Bucki R. Cathelicidin LL-37 in Health and Diseases of the Oral Cavity. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1086. [PMID: 35625823 PMCID: PMC9138798 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms for maintaining oral cavity homeostasis are subject to the constant influence of many environmental factors, including various chemicals and microorganisms. Most of them act directly on the oral mucosa, which is the mechanical and immune barrier of the oral cavity, and such interaction might lead to the development of various oral pathologies and systemic diseases. Two important players in maintaining oral health or developing oral pathology are the oral microbiota and various immune molecules that are involved in controlling its quantitative and qualitative composition. The LL-37 peptide is an important molecule that upon release from human cathelicidin (hCAP-18) can directly perform antimicrobial action after insertion into surface structures of microorganisms and immunomodulatory function as an agonist of different cell membrane receptors. Oral LL-37 expression is an important factor in oral homeostasis that maintains the physiological microbiota but is also involved in the development of oral dysbiosis, infectious diseases (including viral, bacterial, and fungal infections), autoimmune diseases, and oral carcinomas. This peptide has also been proposed as a marker of inflammation severity and treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Tokajuk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (K.F.)
- Dentistry and Medicine Tokajuk, Zelazna 9/7, 15-297 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Deptuła
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (K.F.)
| | - Ewelina Piktel
- Independent Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2B, 15-222 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Tamara Daniluk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (K.F.)
| | - Sylwia Chmielewska
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (K.F.)
| | - Tomasz Wollny
- Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Artwińskiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Wolak
- Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Fiedoruk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (K.F.)
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (K.F.)
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13
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Araújo TG, Mota STS, Ferreira HSV, Ribeiro MA, Goulart LR, Vecchi L. Annexin A1 as a Regulator of Immune Response in Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:2245. [PMID: 34571894 PMCID: PMC8464935 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Annexin A1 is a 37 kDa phospholipid-binding protein that is expressed in many tissues and cell types, including leukocytes, lymphocytes and epithelial cells. Although Annexin A1 has been extensively studied for its anti-inflammatory activity, it has been shown that, in the cancer context, its activity switches from anti-inflammatory to pro-inflammatory. Remarkably, Annexin A1 shows pro-invasive and pro-tumoral properties in several cancers either by eliciting autocrine signaling in cancer cells or by inducing a favorable tumor microenvironment. Indeed, the signaling of the N-terminal peptide of AnxA1 has been described to promote the switching of macrophages to the pro-tumoral M2 phenotype. Moreover, AnxA1 has been described to prevent the induction of antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell response and to play an essential role in the induction of regulatory T lymphocytes. In this way, Annexin A1 inhibits the anti-tumor immunity and supports the formation of an immunosuppressed tumor microenvironment that promotes tumor growth and metastasis. For these reasons, in this review we aim to describe the role of Annexin A1 in the establishment of the tumor microenvironment, focusing on the immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory activities of Annexin A1 and on its interaction with the epidermal growth factor receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaise Gonçalves Araújo
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas 387400-128, MG, Brazil; (T.G.A.); (S.T.S.M.); (H.S.V.F.); (M.A.R.)
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38400-902, MG, Brazil;
| | - Sara Teixeira Soares Mota
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas 387400-128, MG, Brazil; (T.G.A.); (S.T.S.M.); (H.S.V.F.); (M.A.R.)
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38400-902, MG, Brazil;
| | - Helen Soares Valença Ferreira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas 387400-128, MG, Brazil; (T.G.A.); (S.T.S.M.); (H.S.V.F.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Matheus Alves Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas 387400-128, MG, Brazil; (T.G.A.); (S.T.S.M.); (H.S.V.F.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38400-902, MG, Brazil;
| | - Lara Vecchi
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38400-902, MG, Brazil;
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14
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An immune cell infiltration-related gene signature predicts prognosis for bladder cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16679. [PMID: 34404901 PMCID: PMC8370985 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96373-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore novel therapeutic targets, develop a gene signature and construct a prognostic nomogram of bladder cancer (BCa). Transcriptome data and clinical traits of BCa were downloaded from UCSC Xena database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We then used the method of Single sample Gene Set Enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) to calculate the infiltration abundances of 24 immune cells in eligible BCa samples. By weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), we identified turquoise module with strong and significant association with the infiltration abundance of immune cells which were associated with overall survival of BCa patients. Subsequently, we developed an immune cell infiltration-related gene signature based on the module genes (MGs) and immune-related genes (IRGs) from the Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort). Then, we tested the prognostic power and performance of the signature in both discovery and external validation datasets. A nomogram integrated with signature and clinical features were ultimately constructed and tested. Five prognostic immune cell infiltration-related module genes (PIRMGs), namely FPR1, CIITA, KLRC1, TNFRSF6B, and WFIKKN1, were identified and used for gene signature development. And the signature showed independent and stable prognosis predictive power. Ultimately, a nomogram consisting of signature, age and tumor stage was constructed, and it showed good and stable predictive ability on prognosis. Our prognostic signature and nomogram provided prognostic indicators and potential immunotherapeutic targets for BCa. Further researches are needed to verify the clinical effectiveness of this nomogram and these biomarkers.
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15
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Mori T, Hazekawa M, Yoshida M, Nishinakagawa T, Uchida T, Ishibashi D. Enhancing the anticancer efficacy of a LL-37 peptide fragment analog using peptide-linked PLGA conjugate micelles in tumor cells. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120891. [PMID: 34324984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
LL-37, a well-known antimicrobial human peptide, is a cationic peptide that provides an important antimicrobial defense mechanism in damaged skin. Accumulating evidence indicates that LL-37 also displays an anticancer effect in colon cancer, gastric cancer, hematologic malignancy and oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, anticancer activity of LL-37 peptide fragment analogs has not been reported. Poor intercellular translocation may be one of the causes for this lack of observed anticancer activity. In this study, a LL-37 peptide fragment analog with cysteine at the N-terminus was conjugated with the biodegradable polymer, lactic acid/glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA), using the thiol group of cysteine. The purpose of this study was to improve the cell permeability of the peptide using a micellar system and then evaluate the anticancer activity. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion assays were performed to evaluate the anticancer activity in four cancer cell lines with high metastasis, HM-1, B16/BL6, HeLa, and HepG2. The LL-37 fragment peptide analog-linked PLGA conjugate was shown to effectively inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and had increased cell permeability in all the cancer cell lines, compared with the peptide alone. These results suggested that LL-37 fragment peptide analog (CKR12)-linked PLGA conjugate micelles could be useful in the development of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Mori
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Mai Hazekawa
- Department of Immunological and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Miyako Yoshida
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Takuya Nishinakagawa
- Department of Immunological and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Uchida
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ishibashi
- Department of Immunological and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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16
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Lu J, Ding Y, Chen Y, Jiang J, Chen Y, Huang Y, Wu M, Li C, Kong M, Zhao W, Wang H, Zhang J, Li Z, Lu Y, Yu X, Jin K, Zhou D, Zhou T, Teng F, Zhang H, Zhou Z, Wang H, Teng L. Whole-exome sequencing of alpha-fetoprotein producing gastric carcinoma reveals genomic profile and therapeutic targets. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3946. [PMID: 34168152 PMCID: PMC8225795 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein producing gastric carcinoma (AFPGC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of gastric cancer. However, little is known about the genomic features of this disease. We perform whole-exome sequencing analysis of AFPGC, and identify 34 significantly mutated genes. Somatic copy number alterations analysis reveals several significant focal amplifications (e.g. 19q12, 17q12) and focal deletions (e.g. 1p36.11, 9p21.3), and some of these negatively affect the patient prognosis. Comparative analyses reveal that AFPGC has distinct genomic features from gastric cancer of The Cancer Genome Atlas as well as four molecular subtypes. Several frequently altered genes with potential as therapeutic targets are identified in AFPGC. Further analysis reveals that AFPGC with amplification of CCNE1 at 19q12 and/or ERBB2 at 17q12 show poorer survival and more aggressive. Subsequently, based on our established patient-derived xenograft models for AFPGC, translational research is performed and the therapeutic value of targeting CCNE1 and ERBB2 is validated. In this work, we provide an understanding of genomic characteristics of AFPGC and propose a platform to explore and validate the genome-guided personalized treatment for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Ding
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Jiang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiran Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengjie Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengzhi Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mei Kong
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenyi Zhao
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Alibaba-Zhejiang University Joint Research Center of Future Digital Healthcare, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haohao Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongqi Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yimin Lu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiongfei Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ketao Jin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Donghui Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianhua Zhou
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Cancer center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Hangzhou Oncocare Co. Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhan Zhou
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Alibaba-Zhejiang University Joint Research Center of Future Digital Healthcare, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Haiyong Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Lisong Teng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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17
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Vergelli C, Khlebnikov AI, Crocetti L, Guerrini G, Cantini N, Kirpotina LN, Schepetkin IA, Cilibrizzi A, Quinn MT, Rossi P, Paoli P, Giovannoni MP. Synthesis, biological evaluation, molecular modeling, and structural analysis of new pyrazole and pyrazolone derivatives as N-formyl peptide receptors agonists. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 98:582-603. [PMID: 34148303 PMCID: PMC8446315 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
N‐formyl peptide receptors (FPR1, FPR2, and FPR3) play key roles in the regulation of inflammatory processes, and recently, it was demonstrated that FPR1 and FPR2 have a dual role in the progression/suppression of some cancers. Therefore, FPRs represent an important therapeutic target for the treatment of both cancer and inflammatory diseases. Previously, we identified selective or mixed FPR agonists with pyridazinone or pyridinone scaffolds showing a common 4‐(bromophenyl)acetamide fragment, which was essential for activity. We report here new pyrazole and pyrazolone derivatives as restricted analogues of the above 6‐membered compounds, all exhibiting the same 4‐bromophenylacetamide side chain. Most new products had low or absent FPR agonist activity, suggesting that the pyrazole nucleus was not appropriate for FPR agonists. This hypothesis was confirmed by molecular modeling studies, which highlighted that the five‐membered scaffold was responsible for a worse arrangement of the molecules in the receptor binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Vergelli
- Neurofarba, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | | | - Letizia Crocetti
- Neurofarba, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Guerrini
- Neurofarba, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Niccolò Cantini
- Neurofarba, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Liliya N Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Igor A Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | | | - Mark T Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Patrizia Rossi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Paoli
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Giovannoni
- Neurofarba, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Mormile I, Rossi FW, Prevete N, Granata F, Pucino V, de Paulis A. The N-Formyl Peptide Receptors and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Dangerous Liaison or Confusing Relationship? Front Immunol 2021; 12:685214. [PMID: 34220836 PMCID: PMC8253054 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.685214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a progressive symmetric inflammation of the joints resulting in bone erosion and cartilage destruction with a progressive loss of function and joint deformity. An increased number of findings support the role of innate immunity in RA: many innate immune mechanisms are responsible for producing several cytokines and chemokines involved in RA pathogenesis, such as Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play a crucial role in modulating the activity of the innate arm of the immune response. We focused our attention over the years on the expression and functions of a specific class of PRR, namely formyl peptide receptors (FPRs), which exert a key function in both sustaining and resolving the inflammatory response, depending on the context and/or the agonist. We performed a broad review of the data available in the literature on the role of FPRs and their ligands in RA. Furthermore, we queried a publicly available database collecting data from 90 RA patients with different clinic features to evaluate the possible association between FPRs and clinic-pathologic parameters of RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Mormile
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Wanda Rossi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nella Prevete
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Francescopaolo Granata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Pucino
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Amato de Paulis
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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19
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Molecular targets for the management of gastrointestinal cancer using melatonin, a natural endogenous body hormone. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111782. [PMID: 34087693 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer is one of the most common cancers globally. Melatonin, a natural endogenous body hormone, has been of interest for years, due to its anti-cancer characteristics, such as antiproliferative, antimetastatic, and cytotoxic as well as apoptotic induction. Through regulating several proteins such as melatonin upregulated mRNAs and proteins of downregulated Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), as well as cytoplasmic protein such as calcium-binding proteins calmodulin or tubulin, and nuclear receptors, including RORα/RZR, and acts by non-receptor-regulated mechanisms, melatonin can exert anti-cancer efficacy. Moreover, melatonin modulates angiogenesis by targeting mRNA and protein expression of endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE-1) protein. In the present review, we address in vivo, in vitro and clinical reports on its anti-cancer efficacies, and the molecular mechanisms of action responsible for these effects. We advance the possibility of therapeutic melatonin administration for cancer therapy.
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Regulation of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress by Formyl Peptide Receptors in Cardiovascular Disease Progression. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11030243. [PMID: 33804219 PMCID: PMC7998928 DOI: 10.3390/life11030243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most important regulators of cardiac function and are commonly targeted for medical therapeutics. Formyl-Peptide Receptors (FPRs) are members of the GPCR superfamily and play an emerging role in cardiovascular pathologies. FPRs can modulate oxidative stress through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production whose dysregulation has been observed in different cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, many studies are focused on identifying molecular mechanisms of the regulation of ROS production. FPR1, FPR2 and FPR3 belong to the FPRs family and their stimulation triggers phosphorylation of intracellular signaling molecules and nonsignaling proteins that are required for NADPH oxidase activation. Some FPR agonists trigger inflammatory processes, while other ligands activate proresolving or anti-inflammatory pathways, depending on the nature of the ligands. In general, bacterial and mitochondrial formylated peptides activate a proinflammatory cell response through FPR1, while Annexin A1 and Lipoxin A4 are anti-inflammatory FPR2 ligands. FPR2 can also trigger a proinflammatory pathway and the switch between FPR2-mediated pro- and anti-inflammatory cell responses depends on conformational changes of the receptor upon ligand binding. Here we describe the detrimental or beneficial effects of the main FPR agonists and their potential role as new therapeutic and diagnostic targets in the progression of cardiovascular diseases.
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21
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Qi J, Liu Y, Hu J, Lu L, Dou Z, Dai H, Wang H, Yang W. Identification of FPR3 as a Unique Biomarker for Targeted Therapy in the Immune Microenvironment of Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:593247. [PMID: 33679387 PMCID: PMC7928373 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.593247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although research into immunotherapy is growing, its use in the treatment of breast cancer remains limited. Thus, identification and evaluation of prognostic biomarkers of tissue microenvironments will reveal new immune-based therapeutic strategies for breast cancer. Using an in silico bioinformatic approach, we investigated the tumor microenvironmental and genetic factors related to breast cancer. We calculated the Immune score, Stromal score, Estimate score, Tumor purity, TMB (Tumor mutation burden), and MATH (Mutant-allele tumor heterogeneity) of Breast cancer patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) using the ESTIMATE algorithm and Maftools. Significant correlations between Immune/Stromal scores with breast cancer subtypes and tumor stages were established. Importantly, we found that the Immune score, but not the Stromal score, was significantly related to the patient's prognosis. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) identified a pattern of gene function associated with Immune score, and that almost all of these genes (388 genes) are significantly upregulated in the higher Immune score group. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis revealed the enrichment of immune checkpoint genes, predicting a good prognosis for breast cancer. Among all the upregulated genes, FPR3, a G protein-coupled receptor essential for neutrophil activation, is the sole factor that predicts poor prognosis. Gene set enrichment analysis analysis showed FRP3 upregulation synergizes with the activation of many pathways involved in carcinogenesis. In summary, this study identified FPR3 as a key immune-related biomarker predicting a poor prognosis for breast cancer, revealing it as a promising intervention target for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Qi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,Scinece Island Branch, Graduate School of USTC, Hefei, China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,Scinece Island Branch, Graduate School of USTC, Hefei, China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Jiliang Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Anatomy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhen Dou
- Hefei National Science Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Haiming Dai
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Wulin Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
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22
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Toll-Like Receptor 7 Mediates Inflammation Resolution and Inhibition of Angiogenesis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040740. [PMID: 33578955 PMCID: PMC7916730 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The progression of cancer is strictly linked to the formation of new blood vessels responsible for nutrition supply of the tumor. We identified TLR7 as an inhibitor of lung cancer vascularization. TLR7 is part of a large family of immune receptors that function as “sensors” of pathogen- and damage-derived signals. We found that TLR7 exerts antitumor functions in non-small cell lung cancer by inducing the production of specific molecules with inhibitory properties against new blood vessel formation. These molecules are known as specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) and are derived from ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids. We believe that the results obtained suggest novel potential targets and strategies to treat lung cancer. Abstract Pattern recognition receptors (PRR) promote inflammation but also its resolution. We demonstrated that a specific PRR—formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1)—sustains an inflammation resolution response with anti-angiogenic and antitumor potential in gastric cancer. Since toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is crucial in the physiologic resolution of airway inflammation, we asked whether it could be responsible for pro-resolving and anti-angiogenic responses in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). TLR7 correlated directly with pro-resolving and inversely with angiogenic mediators in NSCLC patients, as revealed by a publicly available RNAseq analysis. In NSCLC cells, depletion of TLR7 caused an upregulation of angiogenic mediators and a stronger vasculogenic response of endothelial cells compared to controls, assessed by qPCR, ELISA, protein array, and endothelial cell responses. TLR7 activation induced the opposite effects. TLR7 silencing reduced, while its activation increased, the pro-resolving potential of NSCLC cells, evaluated by qPCR, flow cytometry, and EIA. The increased angiogenic potential of TLR7-silenced NSCLC cells is due to the lack of pro-resolving mediators. MAPK and STAT3 signaling are responsible for these activities, as demonstrated through Western blotting and inhibitors. Our data indicate that TLR7 sustains a pro-resolving signaling in lung cancer that inhibits angiogenesis. This opens new possibilities to be exploited for cancer treatment.
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23
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Fishbein A, Hammock BD, Serhan CN, Panigrahy D. Carcinogenesis: Failure of resolution of inflammation? Pharmacol Ther 2021; 218:107670. [PMID: 32891711 PMCID: PMC7470770 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation in the tumor microenvironment is a hallmark of cancer and is recognized as a key characteristic of carcinogens. However, the failure of resolution of inflammation in cancer is only recently being understood. Products of arachidonic acid and related fatty acid metabolism called eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, leukotrienes, lipoxins, and epoxyeicosanoids, critically regulate inflammation, as well as its resolution. The resolution of inflammation is now appreciated to be an active biochemical process regulated by endogenous specialized pro-resolving lipid autacoid mediators which combat infections and stimulate tissue repair/regeneration. Environmental and chemical human carcinogens, including aflatoxins, asbestos, nitrosamines, alcohol, and tobacco, induce tumor-promoting inflammation and can disrupt the resolution of inflammation contributing to a devastating global cancer burden. While mechanisms of carcinogenesis have focused on genotoxic activity to induce mutations, nongenotoxic mechanisms such as inflammation and oxidative stress promote genotoxicity, proliferation, and mutations. Moreover, carcinogens initiate oxidative stress to synergize with inflammation and DNA damage to fuel a vicious feedback loop of cell death, tissue damage, and carcinogenesis. In contrast, stimulation of resolution of inflammation may prevent carcinogenesis by clearance of cellular debris via macrophage phagocytosis and inhibition of an eicosanoid/cytokine storm of pro-inflammatory mediators. Controlling the host inflammatory response and its resolution in carcinogen-induced cancers will be critical to reducing carcinogen-induced morbidity and mortality. Here we review the recent evidence that stimulation of resolution of inflammation, including pro-resolution lipid mediators and soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors, may be a new chemopreventive approach to prevent carcinogen-induced cancer that should be evaluated in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fishbein
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Charles N. Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dipak Panigrahy
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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24
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Mattei F, Andreone S, Marone G, Gambardella AR, Loffredo S, Varricchi G, Schiavoni G. Eosinophils in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1273:1-28. [PMID: 33119873 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49270-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophils are rare blood-circulating and tissue-infiltrating immune cells studied for decades in the context of allergic diseases and parasitic infections. Eosinophils can secrete a wide array of soluble mediators and effector molecules, with potential immunoregulatory activities in the tumor microenvironment (TME). These findings imply that these cells may play a role in cancer immunity. Despite these cells were known to infiltrate tumors since many years ago, their role in TME is gaining attention only recently. In this chapter, we will review the main biological functions of eosinophils that can be relevant within the TME. We will discuss how these cells may undergo phenotypic changes acquiring pro- or antitumoricidal properties according to the surrounding stimuli. Moreover, we will analyze canonical (i.e., degranulation) and unconventional mechanisms (i.e., DNA traps, exosome secretion) employed by eosinophils in inflammatory contexts, which can be relevant for tumor immune responses. Finally, we will review the available preclinical models that could be employed for the study of the role in vivo of eosinophils in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Mattei
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Andreone
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Marone
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali dei Colli - Monaldi Hospital Pharmacy, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Loffredo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,WAO Center of Excellence, Naples, Italy.,Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "G. Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. .,WAO Center of Excellence, Naples, Italy. .,Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "G. Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Schiavoni
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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25
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Liotti F, Kumar N, Prevete N, Marotta M, Sorriento D, Ieranò C, Ronchi A, Marino FZ, Moretti S, Colella R, Puxeddu E, Paladino S, Kano Y, Ohh M, Scala S, Melillo RM. PD-1 blockade delays tumor growth by inhibiting an intrinsic SHP2/Ras/MAPK signalling in thyroid cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:22. [PMID: 33413561 PMCID: PMC7791757 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) receptor and its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2 are immune checkpoints that suppress anti-cancer immunity. Typically, cancer cells express the PD-Ls that bind PD-1 on immune cells, inhibiting their activity. Recently, PD-1 expression has also been found in cancer cells. Here, we analysed expression and functions of PD-1 in thyroid cancer (TC). METHODS PD-1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry on human TC samples and by RT-PCR, western blot and FACS on TC cell lines. Proliferation and migration of TC cells in culture were assessed by BrdU incorporation and Boyden chamber assays. Biochemical studies were performed by western blot, immunoprecipitation, pull-down and phosphatase assays. TC cell tumorigenicity was assessed by xenotransplants in nude mice. RESULTS Human TC specimens (47%), but not normal thyroids, displayed PD-1 expression in epithelial cells, which significantly correlated with tumour stage and lymph-node metastasis. PD-1 was also constitutively expressed on TC cell lines. PD-1 overexpression/stimulation promoted TC cell proliferation and migration. Accordingly, PD-1 genetic/pharmacologic inhibition caused the opposite effects. Mechanistically, PD-1 recruited the SHP2 phosphatase to the plasma membrane and potentiated its phosphatase activity. SHP2 enhanced Ras activation by dephosphorylating its inhibitory tyrosine 32, thus triggering the MAPK cascade. SHP2, BRAF and MEK were necessary for PD-1-mediated biologic functions. PD-1 inhibition decreased, while PD-1 enforced expression facilitated, TC cell xenograft growth in mice by affecting tumour cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS PD-1 circuit blockade in TC, besides restoring anti-cancer immunity, could also directly impair TC cell growth by inhibiting the SHP2/Ras/MAPK signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Liotti
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Narender Kumar
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Nella Prevete
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), CNR, Naples, Italy
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Marotta
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Sorriento
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Ieranò
- Functional Genomics, Istituto Nazionale Tumouri "Fondazione G. Pascale", IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Ronchi
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Zito Marino
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Sonia Moretti
- Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Renato Colella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Efiso Puxeddu
- Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Simona Paladino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Yoshihito Kano
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michael Ohh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stefania Scala
- Functional Genomics, Istituto Nazionale Tumouri "Fondazione G. Pascale", IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Marina Melillo
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), CNR, Naples, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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26
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Tian C, Chen K, Gong W, Yoshimura T, Huang J, Wang JM. The G-Protein Coupled Formyl Peptide Receptors and Their Role in the Progression of Digestive Tract Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820973280. [PMID: 33251986 PMCID: PMC7705772 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820973280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a causative factor of many cancers, although it
originally acts as a protective host response to the loss of tissue homeostasis.
Many inflammatory conditions predispose susceptible cells, most of which are of
epithelial origin, to neoplastic transformation. There is a close correlation
between digestive tract (DT) cancer and chronic inflammation, such as esophageal
adenocarcinoma associated with Barrett’s esophagus, helicobacter
pylori infection as the cause of stomach cancer, hepatitis leading
to liver cirrhosis and subsequent cancer, and colon cancer linking to
inflammatory bowel diseases and schistosomiasis. A prominent
feature of malignant transformation of DT tract epithelial cells is their
adoption of somatic gene mutations resulting in abnormal expression of proteins
that endow the cells with unlimited proliferation as well as increased motility
and invasive capabilities. Many of these events are mediated by Gi-protein
coupled chemoattractant receptors (GPCRs) including formyl peptide receptors
(FPRs in human, Fprs in mice). In this article, we review the current
understanding of FPRs (Fprs) and their function in DT cancer types as well as
their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuimeng Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Laboratory of Cancer ImmunoMetabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Keqiang Chen
- Laboratory of Cancer ImmunoMetabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Wanghua Gong
- Basic Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Teizo Yoshimura
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jiaqiang Huang
- Laboratory of Cancer ImmunoMetabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA.,Laboratory of Cancer Basic Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Ming Wang
- Laboratory of Cancer ImmunoMetabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
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27
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Huang B, Guo H, Ding J, Li J, Wang H, Xu J, Zheng Q, Zhou L, Dai Q. Inhibition of formyl peptide receptor 1 activity suppresses tumorigenicity in vivo and attenuates the invasion and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells under hypoxic conditions in vitro. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1174. [PMID: 33241023 PMCID: PMC7576028 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Tumor hypoxia has been widely reported to promote metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying metastasis-associated hypoxia remain unclear. Formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) has been reported to be highly expressed under hypoxic conditions. This study aimed to explore the role of FPR1 in tumor cells under hypoxic conditions. Methods The expressions of FPR1 and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in A549 cells under hypoxic conditions were detected using western blot. The expression of FPR1 in A549 cells under hypoxic conditions was suppressed using the FPR1 antagonist Boc2. Wound-healing and Transwell assays were performed to investigate the migration and invasion of cells. Furthermore, the tumorigenicity of A549 cells was evaluated by constructing a hypoxic mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma. The expression levels of HIF-1α and FPR1 in tumors were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot. Results The expression levels of FPR1 and HIF-1α increased in a time-dependent manner after exposure to hypoxic conditions. Wound-healing and Transwell assays showed that hypoxia promoted the migration and invasion abilities of A549 cells, whereas downregulation of FPR1 blocked the effects of hypoxia on A549 cells. Our in vivo results demonstrated that the tumor volumes and weights of mice exposed to hypoxic conditions were significantly higher than those of untreated mice. Furthermore, the downregulation of FPR1 blocked the effects of hypoxia in the mice. Meanwhile, the expressions of HIF-1α and FPR1 at the protein and mRNA levels were increased after hypoxic exposure, whereas FPR1 antagonist Boc2 suppressed the effect of hypoxia on the expression of FPR1. Conclusions Our results suggest that FPR1 could be a therapeutic target for suppressing the invasion and tumorigenicity of lung adenocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- Department of Respiration, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China
| | - Hongrong Guo
- Department of Respiration, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjuan Wang
- Department of Respiration, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China
| | - Jianqun Xu
- Department of Respiration, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China
| | - Quan Zheng
- Department of Respiration, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China
| | - Lijun Zhou
- Department of Respiration, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Dai
- Department of Respiration, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China
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28
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Fallahi P, Ferrari SM, Galdiero MR, Varricchi G, Elia G, Ragusa F, Paparo SR, Benvenga S, Antonelli A. Molecular targets of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in thyroid cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 79:180-196. [PMID: 33249201 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the eighth most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide with a rising incidence in the past 20 years. Surgery is the primary strategy of therapy for patients with medullary TC (MTC) and differentiated TC (DTC). In DTC patients, radioactive iodine (RAI) is administered after thyroidectomy. Neck ultrasound, basal and thyroid-stimulating hormone-stimulated thyroglobulin are generally performed every three to six months for the first year, with subsequent intervals depending on initial risk assessment, for the detection of possible persistent/recurrent disease during the follow up. Distant metastases are present at the diagnosis in ∼5 % of DTC patients; up to 15 % of patients have recurrences during the follow up, with a survival reduction (70 %-50 %) at 10-year. During tumor progression, the iodide uptake capability of DTC cancer cells can be lost, making them refractory to RAI, with a negative impact on the prognosis. Significant advances have been done recently in our understanding of the molecular pathways implicated in the progression of TCs. Several drugs have been developed, which inhibit signaling kinases or oncogenic kinases (BRAFV600E, RET/PTC), such as those associated with Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor. Tyrosine kinase receptors are involved in cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis. Several tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are emerging as new treatments for DTC, MTC and anaplastic TC (ATC), and can induce a clinical response and stabilize the disease. Lenvatinib and sorafenib reached the approval for RAI-refractory DTC, whereas cabozantinib and vandetanib for MTC. These TKIs extend median progression-free survival, but do not increase the overall survival. Severe side effects and drug resistance can develop in TC patients treated with TKIs. Additional studies are needed to identify a potential effective targeted therapy for aggressive TCs, according to their molecular characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Martina Ferrari
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Galdiero
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore", National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore", National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giusy Elia
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Ragusa
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rosaria Paparo
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Salvatore Benvenga
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Master Program on Childhood, Adolescent and Women's Endocrine Health, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Interdepartmental Program on Molecular & Clinical Endocrinology, and Women's Endocrine Health, University Hospital, A.O.U. Policlinico Gaetano Martino, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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29
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Application of small molecule FPR1 antagonists in the treatment of cancers. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17249. [PMID: 33057069 PMCID: PMC7560711 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74350-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The formylpeptide receptor-1 (FPR1) is a member of the chemotactic GPCR-7TM formyl peptide receptor family, whose principle function is in trafficking of various leukocytes into sites of bacterial infection and inflammation. More recently, FPR1 has been shown to be expressed in different types of cancer and in this context, plays a significant role in their expansion, resistance and recurrence. ICT12035 is a selective and potent (30 nM in calcium mobilisation assay) small molecule FPR1 antagonist. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of ICT12035, in a number of 2D and 3D proliferation and invasion in vitro assays and an in vivo model. Our results demonstrate that targeting FPR1 by a selective small molecule antagonist, such as ICT12035, can provide a new avenue for the treatment of cancers.
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30
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31
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Wang H, Peng X, Ge Y, Zhang S, Wang Z, Fan Y, Huang W, Qiu M, Ye RD. A Ganoderma-Derived Compound Exerts Inhibitory Effect Through Formyl Peptide Receptor 2. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:337. [PMID: 32265709 PMCID: PMC7105723 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) widely expressed in neutrophils and other phagocytes. FPRs play important roles in host defense, inflammation, and the pathogenesis of infectious and inflammatory diseases. Because of these functions, FPRs are potential targets for anti-inflammatory therapies. In order to search for potentially novel anti-inflammatory agents, we examined Ganoderma (Lingzhi), a Chinese medicinal herbs known for its anti-inflammatory effects, and found that compound 18 (C18) derived from Ganoderma cochlear could limit the inflammatory response through FPR-related signaling pathways. Further studies showed that C18 could bind to FPR2 and induce conformation change of the receptor that differed from the conformational change induced by the pan-agonist, WKYMVm. C18 inhibited at the receptor level and blocked WKYMVm signaling through FPR2, resulting in reduced superoxide production and compromised cell chemotaxis. These results identified for the first time that a Ganoderma-derived component with inhibitory effects that acts through a G protein-coupled receptor FPR2. Considering its less than optimal IC50 value, further optimization of C18 would be necessary for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huirong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, Macau.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xingrong Peng
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, China
| | - Yunjun Ge
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, Macau
| | - Shuo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyi Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, Macau
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Minghua Qiu
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, China
| | - Richard D Ye
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, Macau.,Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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Liang W, Chen K, Gong W, Yoshimura T, Le Y, Wang Y, Wang JM. The Contribution of Chemoattractant GPCRs, Formylpeptide Receptors, to Inflammation and Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:17. [PMID: 32038501 PMCID: PMC6993212 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of inflammatory responses is leukocyte mobilization, which is mediated by pathogen and host released chemotactic factors that activate Gi-protein-coupled seven-transmembrane receptors (GPCRs) on host cell surface. Formylpeptide receptors (FPRs, Fprs in mice) are members of the chemoattractant GPCR family, shown to be critical in myeloid cell trafficking during infection, inflammation, immune responses, and cancer progression. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that both human FPRs and murine Fprs are involved in a number of patho-physiological processes because of their expression on a wide variety of cell types in addition to myeloid cells. The unique capacity of FPRs (Fprs) to interact with numerous structurally unrelated chemotactic ligands enables these receptors to participate in orchestrated disease initiation, progression, and resolution. One murine Fpr member, Fpr2, and its endogenous agonist peptide, Cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP), have been demonstrated as key mediators of colon mucosal homeostasis and protection from inflammation and associated tumorigenesis. Recent availability of genetically engineered mouse models greatly expanded the understanding of the role of FPRs (Fprs) in pathophysiology that places these molecules in the list of potential targets for therapeutic intervention of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Liang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Keqiang Chen
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Wanghua Gong
- Basic Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Teizo Yoshimura
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yingying Le
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Ming Wang
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
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Wnorowska U, Fiedoruk K, Piktel E, Prasad SV, Sulik M, Janion M, Daniluk T, Savage PB, Bucki R. Nanoantibiotics containing membrane-active human cathelicidin LL-37 or synthetic ceragenins attached to the surface of magnetic nanoparticles as novel and innovative therapeutic tools: current status and potential future applications. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:3. [PMID: 31898542 PMCID: PMC6939332 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-019-0566-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based therapeutic approaches have attracted attention of scientists, in particular due to the special features of nanomaterials, such as adequate biocompatibility, ability to improve therapeutic efficiency of incorporated drugs and to limit their adverse effects. Among a variety of reported nanomaterials for biomedical applications, metal and metal oxide-based nanoparticles offer unique physicochemical properties allowing their use in combination with conventional antimicrobials and as magnetic field-controlled drug delivery nanocarriers. An ever-growing number of studies demonstrate that by combining magnetic nanoparticles with membrane-active, natural human cathelicidin-derived LL-37 peptide, and its synthetic mimics such as ceragenins, innovative nanoagents might be developed. Between others, they demonstrate high clinical potential as antimicrobial, anti-cancer, immunomodulatory and regenerative agents. Due to continuous research, knowledge on pleiotropic character of natural antibacterial peptides and their mimics is growing, and it is justifying to stay that the therapeutic potential of nanosystems containing membrane active compounds has not been exhausted yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Wnorowska
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222, Białystok, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Fiedoruk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222, Białystok, Poland
| | - Ewelina Piktel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222, Białystok, Poland
| | - Suhanya V Prasad
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222, Białystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sulik
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marianna Janion
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Al. IX Wiekow Kielc 19A, 25-317, Kielce, Poland
| | - Tamara Daniluk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222, Białystok, Poland
| | - Paul B Savage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222, Białystok, Poland.
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Chemotactic Ligands that Activate G-Protein-Coupled Formylpeptide Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143426. [PMID: 31336833 PMCID: PMC6678346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte infiltration is a hallmark of inflammatory responses. This process depends on the bacterial and host tissue-derived chemotactic factors interacting with G-protein-coupled seven-transmembrane receptors (GPCRs) expressed on the cell surface. Formylpeptide receptors (FPRs in human and Fprs in mice) belong to the family of chemoattractant GPCRs that are critical mediators of myeloid cell trafficking in microbial infection, inflammation, immune responses and cancer progression. Both murine Fprs and human FPRs participate in many patho-physiological processes due to their expression on a variety of cell types in addition to myeloid cells. FPR contribution to numerous pathologies is in part due to its capacity to interact with a plethora of structurally diverse chemotactic ligands. One of the murine Fpr members, Fpr2, and its endogenous agonist peptide, Cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP), control normal mouse colon epithelial growth, repair and protection against inflammation-associated tumorigenesis. Recent developments in FPR (Fpr) and ligand studies have greatly expanded the scope of these receptors and ligands in host homeostasis and disease conditions, therefore helping to establish these molecules as potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Formyl peptide receptor 1 up-regulation and formyl peptide receptor 2/3 down-regulation of blood immune cells along with defective lipoxin A4/resolvin D1 production in obstructive sleep apnea patients. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216607. [PMID: 31116781 PMCID: PMC6530856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate the role of FPR 1/2/3 expressions in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHOD We made cross-sectional comparisons of FPR1/2/3 expressions of blood neutrophil, M1/M2a monocyte, and natural killer (NK) cell between 16 healthy subjects (HS), 16 primary snoring (PS) subjects, 46 treatment-naive OSA patients, and 18 severe OSA patients under long-term continuous positive airway pressure treatment (severe OSA on CPAP). RESULTS FPR1 expressions on neutrophil were increased in treatment-naive OSA and severe OSA on CPAP groups versus either HS or PS. FPR2 expressions on neutrophil were decreased in treatment-naive OSA versus HS, and returned to normal in severe OSA on CPAP group. FPR1/FPR2 expression ratio on neutrophil was increased in treatment-naive OSA versus either HS or PS. Serum lipoxin A4, resolvin D1 levels, and FPR3 expressions of M1, M2a and NK cells were all decreased in treatment-naive OSA versus HS. OSA patients with hypertension had decreased FPR2 expressions on neutrophil and FPR3 expressions of NK cell. FPR1 expression, FPR1/FPR2 expression ratio on neutrophil, and FPR3 expression of M1 cell were all reversed after > 6-month CPAP treatment in 9 selected patients. In vitro intermittent hypoxia with re-oxygenation treatment in THP-1 cells resulted in increased FPR1/FPR2 expression ratio of M1 cells, and increased FPR1/FPR3 expression ratio of M2a cells. CONCLUSIONS FPR1 over-expression and insufficiency of FPR2 and FPR3 in association with defective lipoxin A4 and resolving D1 production were associated with disease severity of OSA and its adverse consequences.
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Jiang X, Lei T, Zhang M. Expression and Functions of Formyl Peptide Receptor 1 in Drug-Resistant Bladder Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019; 17:1533034618769413. [PMID: 29665744 PMCID: PMC5912276 DOI: 10.1177/1533034618769413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To explore the correlation of formyl peptide receptor 1 expression with drug resistance and the functions of formyl peptide receptor 1 in drug-resistant bladder cancer. Methods: Expression of formyl peptide receptor 1 in T24 and T24/DDP cisplatin-resistant bladder cancer cell lines was tested by quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Western blotting. After incubation of T24/DDP with N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe, the phosphor proteins were tested by Western blot analysis. We characterized the functions of formyl peptide receptor 1 in T24/DDP cells by assessing proliferation, migration, and changes of cell cycles. Results: Formyl peptide receptor 1 was expressed in both T24 and T24/DDP, and it was overexpressed in T24/DDP compared with T24. Formyl peptide receptor 1 activation promoted the expression of the messenger RNA of resistance-related proteins, such as multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) and lung resistance-related protein (LRP). The expression of 4 signal pathway proteins were upregulated: signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, Janus kinase 2, extracellular regulated protein kinases, and protein kinase B, while the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase was observed to be downregulated in drug-resistant bladder cancer cells. Formyl peptide receptor 1 activation also improved the expression of phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and phospho-extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 and promoted the proliferation and migration of T24/DDP cells. In addition, formyl peptide receptor 1 inhibition led to the change in the cell cycle in T24/DDP. Conclusions: The overexpression of formyl peptide receptor 1 may be related to drug-resistant bladder cancer and promotes the deterioration of drug-resistant bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Jiang
- 1 Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Lei
- 1 Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| | - Man Zhang
- 1 Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Purpose The present study aimed to investigate the role of FPR1 and the downstream effectors such as NF-κB and IL-6/8 in the development of cervical cancer. Patients and methods FPR1 protein expression was detected via immunohistochemical staining in tissue microarrays containing cervical cancer tissues from 185 patients. Following FPR1 silencing in SiHa cells using lentiviral siRNA delivery, biological characteristics and tumor formation were evaluated in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Phosphorylated NF-κB levels were detected by Western blotting, while IL-6 and IL-8 secretion were detected by ELISA in both FPR1 knockdown and control SiHa cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell tube formation assays were performed to evaluate the angiogenesis-promoting ability of IL-6 and IL-8 secretion in FPR1 knockdown and control SiHa cells. Neovascularization, proliferation and apoptosis markers were detected by immunohistochemical staining to analyze the tumorigenic role of FPR1. Results Immunohistochemistry of cervical cancer tissues from 185 patients revealed high FPR1 expression levels in patients with advanced-stage disease and/or poor prognosis. Compared with control cells, cervical cancer cells in which FPR1 was silenced exhibited inhibition of cell invasion, migration and proliferation and higher levels of apoptosis. NF-κB was inhibited in FPR1 knockdown in SiHa cells. IL-6/8 upregulation by FPR1 activation stimulated angiogenesis. FPR1 deficiency inhibited the tumorigenicity of cervical cancer cells in nude mice. FPR1, IL-6, IL-8, CD31 and Ki67 levels were all reduced, whereas cleaved caspase-3 was upregulated, in the FPR1 knockdown group compared with the levels in the control group. Conclusion High FPR1 expression was associated with advanced stage and poor prognosis in cervical cancer patients. FPR1 activation induced NF-κB nuclear translocation to promote cervical cancer development through the upregulation of IL-6 and IL-8 expression. Inhibiting FPR1 activity may thus have potential therapeutic value in cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,
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Gravina AG, Prevete N, Tuccillo C, De Musis C, Romano L, Federico A, de Paulis A, D’Argenio G, Romano M. Peptide Hp(2-20) accelerates healing of TNBS-induced colitis in the rat. United European Gastroenterol J 2018; 6:1428-1436. [PMID: 30386616 PMCID: PMC6206543 DOI: 10.1177/2050640618793564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hp(2-20), a Helicobacter pylori-derived peptide interacting with N-formyl peptide receptors (FPRs), accelerates the healing of gastric injury in rats. Whether Hp(2-20) affects the recovery of inflamed colonic mucosa is unknown. We evaluated whether Hp(2-20) accelerated the healing of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis and explored the mechanism(s) underlying any such effect. METHODS Fifteen rats underwent rectal administration of Hp(2-20) 250-500 µg/kg/day, or of its control peptide Hp1 for 10 days, following induction of colitis with TNBS. Macroscopic and histological damage was quantified using predetermined injury scores. FPR1, COX-2, TNF-α, TGF-β, HB-EGF and tissue transglutaminase (t-TG) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in colonic tissue was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction; FPR1, TNF-α and COX-2 protein levels by Western blotting. RESULTS (1) Hp(2-20) accelerated healing of TNBS-induced colitis compared to controls consistently with the expression of FPRs in colonic mucosa; (2) TNBS upregulated mRNA mucosal expression of COX-2, TNF-α, TGF-β, HB-EGF and t-TG and (3) this, with the exception of HB-EGF, was significantly counteracted by Hp(2-20). CONCLUSIONS Hp(2-20), an FPR agonist, accelerates the healing of TNBS-induced colitis in the rat. This effect is associated with a significant reduction in colonic tissue levels of COX-2, TGF-β, TNF-α and t-TG. We postulate that FPR-dependent pathways may be involved in the repair of inflamed colonic mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- AG Gravina
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department
of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples,
Italy
| | - N Prevete
- Department of Translational Medical
Sciences (DiSMeT)-University of Naples Federico II and Institute of Endocrinology
and Experimental Oncology (IEOS) “G. Salvatore,” CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - C Tuccillo
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department
of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples,
Italy
| | - C De Musis
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department
of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples,
Italy
| | - L Romano
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department
of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples,
Italy
| | - A Federico
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department
of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples,
Italy
| | - A de Paulis
- Department of Translational Medical
Sciences (DiSMeT) and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunologic Research (CISI),
University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G D’Argenio
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of
Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples,
Italy
| | - M Romano
- Hepatogastroenterology Unit, Department
of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples,
Italy
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Stoll G, Pol J, Soumelis V, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G. Impact of chemotactic factors and receptors on the cancer immune infiltrate: a bioinformatics study revealing homogeneity and heterogeneity among patient cohorts. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1484980. [PMID: 30288345 PMCID: PMC6169589 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1484980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple soluble factors including proteins (in particular chemokines), non-proteinaceous factors released by dead cells, as well as receptors for such factors (in particular chemokine receptors, formyl peptide receptors and purinergic receptors), influence the recruitment of distinct cell subsets into the tumor microenvironment. We performed an extensive bioinformatic analysis on tumor specimens from 5953 cancer patients to correlate the mRNA expression levels of chemotactic factors/receptors with the density of immune cell types infiltrating the malignant lesions. This meta-analysis, which included specimens from breast, colorectal, lung, ovary and head and neck carcinomas as well as melanomas, revealed that a subset of chemotactic factors/receptors exhibited a positive and reproducible correlation with several infiltrating cell types across various solid cancers, revealing a universal pattern of association. Hence, this meta-analysis distinguishes between homogeneous associations that occur across different cancer types and heterogeneous correlations, that are specific of one organ. Importantly, in four out of five breast cancer cohorts for which clinical data were available, the levels of expression of chemotactic factors/receptors that exhibited universal (rather than organ-specific) positive correlations with the immune infiltrate had a positive impact on the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These results support the notion that general (rather than organ-specific) rules governing the recruitment of immune cells into the tumor bed are particularly important in determining local immunosurveillance and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautier Stoll
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Jonathan Pol
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Vassili Soumelis
- pôle de biopathologie, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U932, Paris, France.,CIC IGR-Curie 1428, Paris, France.,PSL, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Villejuif, France.,Institut Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT), Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Targeting formyl peptide receptors to facilitate the resolution of inflammation. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 833:339-348. [PMID: 29935171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are G protein coupled receptors that recognize a broad range of structurally distinct pathogen and danger-associated molecular patterns and mediate host defense to infection and tissue injury. It became evident that the cellular distribution and biological functions of FPRs extend beyond myeloid cells and governing their activation and trafficking. In recent years, significant progress has been made to position FPRs at check points that control the resolution of inflammation, tissue repair and return to homeostasis. Accumulating data indicate a role for FPRs in an ever-increasing range of human diseases, including atherosclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, autoimmune diseases and cancer, in which dysregulated or defective resolution are increasingly recognized as critical component of the pathogenesis. This review summarizes recent advances on how FPRs recognize distinct ligands and integrate opposing cues to govern various responses and will discuss how this knowledge could be harnessed for developing novel therapeutic strategies to counter inflammation that underlies many human diseases.
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Varricchi G, Loffredo S, Galdiero MR, Marone G, Cristinziano L, Granata F, Marone G. Innate effector cells in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 53:152-160. [PMID: 29778674 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are distinct and complex processes requiring a finely tuned balance between stimulatory and inhibitory signals. During adulthood, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are activated at sites of tumor growth, tissue injury and remodeling, and chronic inflammation. Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs), angiopoietin (ANGPTs) and a multitude of additional signaling molecules play distinct roles in the modulation of angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis. VEGFs and ANGPTs activate specific tyrosine kinase receptor (e.g., VEGFR1, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3 and TIE2 respectively), expressed on blood endothelial cells (angiogenesis) and lymphatic endothelial cells (lymphangiogenesis). Although tumor cells produce VEGFs and other proangiogenic mediators, tissue resident (e.g., macrophages, mast cells) and circulating immune cells (e.g., basophils, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils) are an important source of angiogenic/lymphangiogenic mediators in inflammation and in tumor microenvironment and at site of chronic inflammation. Certain immune cells can also release anti-angiogenic factors. Mast cells, basophils, neutrophils and presumably other immune cells are not only a source of angiogenic/lymphangiogenic molecules, but also their target. Cells of the immune system need consideration as major players and possible targets for therapeutic manipulation of angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis in chronic inflammatory disorders and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Traslational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence, Naples, Italy.
| | - Stefania Loffredo
- Department of Traslational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Galdiero
- Department of Traslational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence, Naples, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Marone
- Department of Public Health, Section of Hygiene, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Monaldi Hospital Pharmacy, Naples, Italy
| | - Leonardo Cristinziano
- Department of Traslational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Naples, Italy
| | - Francescopaolo Granata
- Department of Traslational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Traslational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence, Naples, Italy; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore", National Research Council, Naples, Italy.
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Liu L, Chen Q, Ruan C, Chen X, Zhang Y, He X, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Guo Q, Sun T, Wang H, Jiang C. Platinum-Based Nanovectors Engineered with Immuno-Modulating Adjuvant for Inhibiting Tumor growth and Promoting Immunity. Theranostics 2018; 8:2974-2987. [PMID: 29896297 PMCID: PMC5996371 DOI: 10.7150/thno.24110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there is ample evidence that the chemotherapeutic drugs trigger an immune response, the efficient tumor rejection or regression is not guaranteed probably due to the massive immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment. Thus, a rational delivery platform that overcomes immunosuppression is needed to maximally achieve both cytotoxic and immune-modulatory functions of chemotherapeutics. Accumulating evidence suggests that platinum-based drugs might be suitable for this application. Methods: The dendrigraft polylysine (DGL) with its uniform size and multifunctional groups was employed as the polymeric core and conjugated with platinum-based compounds as therapeutics and WKYMVm peptide (Wpep) as a targeting ligand to construct the novel delivery platform Wpep-DGL/Pt. A series of in vitro and in vivo analyses, including physical and chemical characterizations, targeting property, biosafety, and antitumor efficacy of Wpep-DGL/Pt were systematically carried out. Results: Wpep-DGL/Pt showed potent antitumor efficacy in MDA-MB-231 cells tumor-bearing nude mice with a deficient immune system, demonstrating targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics and the resultant cytotoxicity. Furthermore, in immunocompetent mice bearing 4T1 cells tumors, Wpep-DGL/Pt activated immune cells and induced cell death proving their dual function of chemotherapeutic and immunomodulatory efficacy. Conclusion: This work represents a novel approach for cancer immunotherapy by integrating nanotechnology and platinum-based therapeutics which not only efficiently exerts the chemotherapeutic cytotoxic effect on tumor cell but also restores immune response of immunological cells within the tumor microenvironment.
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Liotti F, De Pizzol M, Allegretti M, Prevete N, Melillo RM. Multiple anti-tumor effects of Reparixin on thyroid cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:35946-35961. [PMID: 28415590 PMCID: PMC5482629 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Expression of IL-8 and its receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 is a common occurrence in human epithelial thyroid cancer (TC). In human TC samples, IL-8 expression is associated with tumor progression. IL-8 enhances proliferation, survival, motility, and leads to the maintenance of stemness features and tumor-initiating ability of TC cells. Here, we studied the effects of Reparixin (formerly Repertaxin), a small molecular weight CXCR1 and CXCR2 inhibitor, on the malignant phenotype of various TC cell lines. Results Reparixin impaired the viability of epithelial thyroid cancerous cells, but not that of the non-malignant counterpart. Reparixin treatment significantly decreased TC cell survival, proliferation, Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and stemness. CXCR1 and CXCR2 silencing abolished these effects. Reparixin sensitized TC cells to Docetaxel and Doxorubicin in culture. Used as single agent, Reparixin significantly inhibited TC cell tumorigenicity in immunodeficient mice. Finally, Reparixin potentiated the effects of Docetaxel on TC cell xenotransplants in mice. Materials and Methods We assessed the effects of Reparixin on TC cell viability (by growth curves, BrdU incorporation, TUNEL assay), EMT (by RT-PCR, Flow Cytometry, Migration assays), stemness (by RT-PCR, Flow Cytometry, sphere-formation and self-renewal), and tumorigenicity (by xenotransplantation in nude mice). Conclusions The present study suggests that Reparixin, both alone and in combination with classic chemotherapics, represents a novel potential therapeutic strategy for aggressive forms of TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Liotti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Nella Prevete
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.,Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR "G. Salvatore", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Marina Melillo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.,Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR "G. Salvatore", Naples, Italy
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New perspectives in cancer: Modulation of lipid metabolism and inflammation resolution. Pharmacol Res 2018; 128:80-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Morris S, Vachani A, Pass HI, Rom WN, Ryden K, Weiss GJ, Hogarth DK, Runger G, Richards D, Shelton T, Mallery DW. Whole blood FPR1 mRNA expression predicts both non-small cell and small cell lung cancer. Int J Cancer 2018; 142:2355-2362. [PMID: 29313979 PMCID: PMC5901395 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
While long‐term survival rates for early‐stage lung cancer are high, most cases are diagnosed in later stages that can negatively impact survival rates. We aim to design a simple, single biomarker blood test for early‐stage lung cancer that is robust to preclinical variables and can be readily implemented in the clinic. Whole blood was collected in PAXgene tubes from a training set of 29 patients, and a validation set of 260 patients, of which samples from 58 patients were prospectively collected in a clinical trial specifically for our study. After RNA was extracted, the expressions of FPR1 and a reference gene were quantified by an automated one‐step Taqman RT‐PCR assay. Elevated levels of FPR1 mRNA in whole blood predicted lung cancer status with a sensitivity of 55% and a specificity of 87% on all validation specimens. The prospectively collected specimens had a significantly higher 68% sensitivity and 89% specificity. Results from patients with benign nodules were similar to healthy volunteers. No meaningful correlation was present between our test results and any clinical characteristic other than lung cancer diagnosis. FPR1 mRNA levels in whole blood can predict the presence of lung cancer. Using this as a reflex test for positive lung cancer screening computed tomography scans has the potential to increase the positive predictive value. This marker can be easily measured in an automated process utilizing off‐the‐shelf equipment and reagents. Further work is justified to explain the source of this biomarker. What's new? There have been several lung cancer screening trials evaluating the potential benefit of imaging for improving survival outcomes in lung cancer patients. While low‐dose computed tomography (CT) screening reduces mortality, it yields a 96.4% false‐positive rate. A potential strategy to improve screening may be the identification of additional tools that improve identification of false positives. Using prospectively collected whole blood samples, here the authors show that elevated FPR1 mRNA expression has a 68% sensitivity and 89% specificity. This single biomarker blood test, which can be readily implemented in the clinic, may increase the positive predictive value of detecting lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anil Vachani
- Penn Lung CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Harvey I. Pass
- Thoracic OncologyNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNY
| | - William N. Rom
- Thoracic OncologyNew York University Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNY
| | | | - Glen J. Weiss
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Arizona College of Medicine‐PhoenixPhoenixAZ
| | - D. K. Hogarth
- Bronchoscopy and Minimally Invasive DiagnosticsUniversity of Chicago MedicineChicagoIL
| | - George Runger
- School of Biomedical DiagnosticsArizona State UniversityTempeAZ
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Chen K, Bao Z, Gong W, Tang P, Yoshimura T, Wang JM. Regulation of inflammation by members of the formyl-peptide receptor family. J Autoimmun 2017; 85:64-77. [PMID: 28689639 PMCID: PMC5705339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is associated with a variety of diseases. The hallmark of inflammation is leukocyte infiltration at disease sites in response to pathogen- or damage-associated chemotactic molecular patterns (PAMPs and MAMPs), which are recognized by a superfamily of seven transmembrane, Gi-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on cell surface. Chemotactic GPCRs are composed of two major subfamilies: the classical GPCRs and chemokine GPCRs. Formyl-peptide receptors (FPRs) belong to the classical chemotactic GPCR subfamily with unique properties that are increasingly appreciated for their expression on diverse host cell types and the capacity to interact with a plethora of chemotactic PAMPs and MAMPs. Three FPRs have been identified in human: FPR1-FPR3, with putative corresponding mouse counterparts. FPR expression was initially described in myeloid cells but subsequently in many non-hematopoietic cells including cancer cells. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that FPRs possess multiple functions in addition to controlling inflammation, and participate in the processes of many pathophysiologic conditions. They are not only critical mediators of myeloid cell trafficking, but are also implicated in tissue repair, angiogenesis and protection against inflammation-associated tumorigenesis. A series recent discoveries have greatly expanded the scope of FPRs in host defense which uncovered the essential participation of FPRs in step-wise trafficking of myeloid cells including neutrophils and dendritic cells (DCs) in host responses to bacterial infection, tissue injury and wound healing. Also of great interest is the FPRs are exploited by malignant cancer cells for their growth, invasion and metastasis. In this article, we review the current understanding of FPRs concerning their expression in a vast array of cell types, their involvement in guiding leukocyte trafficking in pathophysiological conditions, and their capacity to promote the differentiation of immune cells, their participation in tumor-associated inflammation and cancer progression. The close association of FPRs with human diseases and cancer indicates their potential as targets for the development of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqiang Chen
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Zhiyao Bao
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA; Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wanghua Gong
- Basic Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Peng Tang
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA; Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Teizo Yoshimura
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Ji Ming Wang
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
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Liu R, Zhao D, Zhang X, Han S, Yang Y, Ma J, Meng D. A20 enhances the radiosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to 60Co-γ ionizing radiation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:93103-93116. [PMID: 29190981 PMCID: PMC5696247 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The radioresistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells is a critical obstacle for effectively applying radiotherapy (RT) in HCC treatment. NF-κB, an important transcription factor, can influence critical cell fate decisions by promoting cell survival or anti-apoptosis in response to cell-stress, e.g. chemotherapies or ionizing radiation (IR). A20, also named as tumor necrosis factor α induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3), is a dominant negative regulator of NF-κB pathway and its functions in HCC are largely unknown. The present work aimed to reveal the role of A20 plays in affecting the radiosensitivity of HCC cells. Higher expression of A20 was detected in hepatic non-tumor cell line or clinical specimens compared with HCC cell lines or clinical specimens. A20 decreased the expression of proteins mediating cellular stress/injury response or epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Overexpression of A20 via adenovirus enhanced the effect of 60Co-γ ionizing radiation (IR) on HCC cells’ injury, e.g. G2/M arrest or DNA double strands break (DSB). Moreover, A20 also enhanced the in vitro or in vivo survival inhibiting of HCC cells induced by IR. These results reveal the roles of A20 in HCC radiosensitization and overexpression of A20 would be a novel strategy for HCC radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Radio Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, The People's Republic of China
| | - Dongli Zhao
- Department of Radio Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, The People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhi Zhang
- Department of Radio Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, The People's Republic of China
| | - Suxia Han
- Department of Radio Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyi Yang
- Department of Radio Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlu Ma
- Department of Radio Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, The People's Republic of China
| | - Du Meng
- Department of Radio Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, The People's Republic of China
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A novel signature for stratifying the molecular heterogeneity of the tissue-infiltrating T-cell receptor repertoire reflects gastric cancer prognosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7762. [PMID: 28798410 PMCID: PMC5552765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08289-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Many basic properties of the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire require clarification, and the changes occurring in the TCR repertoire during carcinogenesis, especially during precancerous stages, remain unclear. This study used deep sequencing analyses to examine 41 gastric tissue samples at different pathological stages, including low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, early gastric cancer and matched adjacent tissues, to define the characteristics of the infiltrating TCRβ repertoire during gastric carcinogenesis. Moreover, to illustrate the relationship between the local molecular phenotype and TCR repertoire of the microenvironment, whole-genome gene expression microarray analysis of the corresponding gastric precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer tissues was conducted. Our results showed that the degree of variation in the TCR repertoire gradually increased during tumourigenesis. Integrative analysis of microarray data and the TCR repertoire variation index using the network-based Clique Percolation Method identified an 11-gene module related to the inflammatory response that can predict the overall survival of gastric cancer (GC) patients. In conclusion, our results revealed the multistage heterogeneity of tissue-infiltrating TCR repertoire during carcinogenesis. We report a novel way for identifying prognostic biomarkers for GC patients and improves our understanding of immune responses during gastric carcinogenesis.
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The Expression of Formyl Peptide Receptor 1 is Correlated with Tumor Invasion of Human Colorectal Cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5918. [PMID: 28724995 PMCID: PMC5517416 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06368-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are G protein-coupled chemoattractant receptors expressed mainly in phagocytic leukocytes. High expression of FPRs has also been detected in several cancers but the functions of FPR1 in tumor invasion and metastasis is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the expression of FPRs in primary human colorectal cancer (CRC) and analyzed the association of FPRs expression with clinicopathological parameters. The levels of FPRs mRNA, especially those of FPR1, were significantly higher in colorectal tumors than in distant normal tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues. FPR1 mRNA expression was also associated with tumor serosal infiltration. FPR1 protein expression was both in the colorectal epitheliums and tumor infiltrating neutrophils/macrophages. Furthermore, the functions of FPR1 in tumor invasion and tissue repair were investigated using the CRC cell lines SW480 and HT29. Higher cell surface expression of FPR1 is associated with significantly increased migration in SW480 cells compared with HT29 cells that have less FPR1 membrane expression. Finally, genetic deletion of fpr1 increased the survival rate of the resulting knockout mice compared with wild type littermates in a mouse model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Our data demonstrate that FPR1 may play an important role in tumor cell invasion in CRC patients.
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50
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Hou XL, Ji CD, Tang J, Wang YX, Xiang DF, Li HQ, Liu WW, Wang JX, Yan HZ, Wang Y, Zhang P, Cui YH, Wang JM, Bian XW, Liu W. FPR2 promotes invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells and predicts the prognosis of patients. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3153. [PMID: 28600569 PMCID: PMC5466646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03368-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2), a classical chemoattractant receptor of G-protein-coupled receptors, is reported to be involved in invasion and metastasis of some cancers, but the role of FPR2 in gastric cancer (GC) has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we found that the levels of FPR2 expression in GC were positively correlated with invasion depth, lymph node metastasis and negatively correlated with the patients’ overall survival. Multivariate analysis indicated that FPR2 expression was an independent prognostic marker for GC patients. FPR2-knockdown significantly abrogated the migration and invasion stimulated by Hp(2–20) and Ac(2–26), two well-characterized ligands for FPR2 in GC cells. FPR2 deletion also reduced the tumorigenic and metastatic capabilities of GC cells in vivo. Mechanistically, stimulation with FPR2 ligands resulted in down-regulation of E-cadherin and up-regulation of vimentin, which were reversed by FPR2 knock-down, implying the involvement of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, the activation of FPR2 was accompanied with ERK1/2 phosphorylation, which could be attenuated by FPR2 silencing or treatment with MEK inhibitor, PD98059. Altogether, our results demonstrate that FPR2 is functionally involved in invasion and metastasis, and potentially acts as a novel prognostic marker as well as a potential therapeutic target in human GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Lu Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 105th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Cheng-Dong Ji
- Institute of Pathology & Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 105th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Yan-Xia Wang
- Institute of Pathology & Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Dong-Fang Xiang
- Institute of Pathology & Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hai-Qing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 105th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Wei-Wei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 105th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Jiao-Xue Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 105th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - He-Zhong Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 105th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Pathology & Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Pathology & Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - You-Hong Cui
- Institute of Pathology & Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ji-Ming Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Xiu-Wu Bian
- Institute of Pathology & Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 105th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China.
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