1
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Nakamura R, Yamada T, Tokuda S, Morimoto K, Katayama Y, Matsui Y, Hirai S, Ishida M, Kawachi H, Sawada R, Tachibana Y, Osoegawa A, Horinaka M, Sakai T, Yasuhiro T, Kozaki R, Yano S, Takayama K. Triple combination therapy comprising osimertinib, an AXL inhibitor, and an FGFR inhibitor improves the efficacy of EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 598:217124. [PMID: 39059573 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
We previously reported that combined therapy with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) osimertinib and AXL inhibitor ONO-7475 is effective in preventing the survival of drug-tolerant cells in high-AXL-expressing EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Nevertheless, certain residual cells are anticipated to eventually develop acquired resistance to this combination therapy. In this study, we attempted to establish a multidrug combination therapy from the first-line setting to overcome resistance to this combination therapy in high-AXL-expressing EGFR-mutated NSCLC. siRNA screening assay showed that fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) knockdown induced pronounced inhibition of cell viability in the presence of the osimertinib-ONO-7475 combination, which activates FGFR1 by upregulating FGF2 via the c-Myc pathway. Cell-based assays showed that triple therapy with osimertinib, ONO-7475, and the FGFR inhibitor BGJ398 significantly increased apoptosis by increasing expression of proapoptotic factor Bim and reduced cell viability compared with that observed for the osimertinib-ONO-7475 therapy. Xenograft models showed that triple therapy considerably suppressed tumor regrowth. A novel therapeutic strategy of additional initial FGFR1 inhibition may be highly effective in suppressing the emergence of osimertinib- and ONO-7475-resistant cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Humans
- Mice
- Acrylamides/pharmacology
- Aniline Compounds/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Axl Receptor Tyrosine Kinase
- Benzocycloheptenes
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors
- ErbB Receptors/genetics
- Indoles
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Mutation
- Phenylurea Compounds/pharmacology
- Phenylurea Compounds/administration & dosage
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/metabolism
- Triazoles
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Nakamura
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Yamada
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Shinsaku Tokuda
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Morimoto
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Katayama
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Matsui
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Soichi Hirai
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Ishida
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hayato Kawachi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryo Sawada
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tachibana
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Osoegawa
- Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Mano Horinaka
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sakai
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yasuhiro
- Research Center of Oncology, Discovery and Research, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryohei Kozaki
- Research Center of Oncology, Discovery and Research, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Seiji Yano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan; Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; WPI-Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Koichi Takayama
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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2
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Hu Y, He Z, Han B, Lin Z, Zhou P, Li S, Huang S, Chen X. miR-107 Targets NSG1 to Regulate Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression through ERK Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5961. [PMID: 38892156 PMCID: PMC11172869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) is a kind of malignant tumor with a poor prognosis and low quality of life in the otolaryngology department. It has been found that microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of various tumors. This study found that the expression level of miRNA-107 (miR-107) in HSCC was significantly reduced. Subsequently, we screened out the downstream direct target gene Neuronal Vesicle Trafficking Associated 1 (NSG1) related to miR-107 through bioinformatics analysis and found that the expression of NSG1 was increased in HSCC tissues. Following the overexpression of miR-107 in HSCC cells, it was observed that miR-107 directly suppressed NSG1 expression, leading to increased apoptosis, decreased proliferation, and reduced invasion capabilities of HSCC cells. Subsequent experiments involving the overexpression and knockdown of NSG1 in HSCC cells demonstrated that elevated NSG1 levels enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while the opposite effect was observed upon NSG1 knockdown. Further investigations revealed that changes in NSG1 levels in the HSCC cells were accompanied by alterations in ERK signaling pathway proteins, suggesting a potential regulatory role of NSG1 in HSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through the ERK pathway. These findings highlight the significance of miR-107 and NSG1 in hypopharyngeal cancer metastasis, offering promising targets for therapeutic interventions and prognostic evaluations for HSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (Y.H.)
| | - Zhizhen He
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (Y.H.)
| | - Baoai Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (Y.H.)
| | - Zehua Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (Y.H.)
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (Y.H.)
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (Y.H.)
| | - Shuo Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (Y.H.)
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (Y.H.)
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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3
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Hu Z, Yuan L, Yang X, Yi C, Lu J. The roles of long non-coding RNAs in ovarian cancer: from functions to therapeutic implications. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1332528. [PMID: 38725621 PMCID: PMC11079149 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1332528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are multifunctional and participate in a variety of biological processes and gene regulatory networks. The deregulation of lncRNAs has been extensively implicated in diverse human diseases, especially in cancers. Overwhelming evidence demonstrates that lncRNAs are essential to the pathophysiological processes of ovarian cancer (OC), acting as regulators involved in metastasis, cell death, chemoresistance, and tumor immunity. In this review, we illustrate the expanded functions of lncRNAs in the initiation and progression of OC and elaborate on the signaling pathways in which they pitch. Additionally, the potential clinical applications of lncRNAs as biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of OC were emphasized, cementing the bridge of communication between clinical practice and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Lijin Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huangshi Puren Hospital, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Xiu Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Cunjian Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jinzhi Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
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4
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Kimura K, Jackson TLB, Huang RCC. Interaction and Collaboration of SP1, HIF-1, and MYC in Regulating the Expression of Cancer-Related Genes to Further Enhance Anticancer Drug Development. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:9262-9283. [PMID: 37998757 PMCID: PMC10670631 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45110580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Specificity protein 1 (SP1), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), and MYC are important transcription factors (TFs). SP1, a constitutively expressed housekeeping gene, regulates diverse yet distinct biological activities; MYC is a master regulator of all key cellular activities including cell metabolism and proliferation; and HIF-1, whose protein level is rapidly increased when the local tissue oxygen concentration decreases, functions as a mediator of hypoxic signals. Systems analyses of the regulatory networks in cancer have shown that SP1, HIF-1, and MYC belong to a group of TFs that function as master regulators of cancer. Therefore, the contributions of these TFs are crucial to the development of cancer. SP1, HIF-1, and MYC are often overexpressed in tumors, which indicates the importance of their roles in the development of cancer. Thus, proper manipulation of SP1, HIF-1, and MYC by appropriate agents could have a strong negative impact on cancer development. Under these circumstances, these TFs have naturally become major targets for anticancer drug development. Accordingly, there are currently many SP1 or HIF-1 inhibitors available; however, designing efficient MYC inhibitors has been extremely difficult. Studies have shown that SP1, HIF-1, and MYC modulate the expression of each other and collaborate to regulate the expression of numerous genes. In this review, we provide an overview of the interactions and collaborations of SP1, HIF1A, and MYC in the regulation of various cancer-related genes, and their potential implications in the development of anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ru Chih C. Huang
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218-2685, USA
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5
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Fanoodi A, Maharati A, Akhlaghipour I, Rahimi HR, Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the critical regulators of tumor angiogenesis in liver cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154913. [PMID: 37931431 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies in human digestive system. Despite the recent therapeutic methods, there is a high rate of mortality among liver cancer patients. Late diagnosis in the advanced tumor stages can be one of the main reasons for the poor prognosis in these patients. Therefore, investigating the molecular mechanisms of liver cancer can be helpful for the early stage tumor detection and treatment. Vascular expansion in liver tumors can be one of the important reasons for poor prognosis and aggressiveness. Therefore, anti-angiogenic drugs are widely used in liver cancer patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have key roles in the regulation of angiogenesis in liver tumors. Due to the high stability of miRNAs in body fluids, these factors are widely used as the non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic markers in cancer patients. Regarding, the importance of angiogenesis during liver tumor growth and invasion, in the present review, we discussed the role of miRNAs in regulation of angiogenesis in these tumors. It has been reported that miRNAs mainly exert an anti-angiogenic function by regulation of tumor microenvironment, transcription factors, and signaling pathways in liver tumors. This review can be an effective step to suggest the miRNAs for the non-invasive early detection of malignant and invasive liver tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fanoodi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Akhlaghipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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6
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Bechmann N, Westermann F, Eisenhofer G. HIF and MYC signaling in adrenal neoplasms of the neural crest: implications for pediatrics. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1022192. [PMID: 37361539 PMCID: PMC10286580 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1022192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric neural crest-derived adrenal neoplasms include neuroblastoma and pheochromocytoma. Both entities are associated with a high degree of clinical heterogeneity, varying from spontaneous regression to malignant disease with poor outcome. Increased expression and stabilization of HIF2α appears to contribute to a more aggressive and undifferentiated phenotype in both adrenal neoplasms, whereas MYCN amplification is a valuable prognostic marker in neuroblastoma. The present review focuses on HIF- and MYC signaling in both neoplasms and discusses the interaction of associated pathways during neural crest and adrenal development as well as potential consequences on tumorigenesis. Emerging single-cell methods together with epigenetic and transcriptomic analyses provide further insights into the importance of a tight regulation of HIF and MYC signaling pathways during adrenal development and tumorigenesis. In this context, increased attention to HIF-MYC/MAX interactions may also provide new therapeutic options for these pediatric adrenal neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Bechmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Westermann
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Neuroblastoma Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Graeme Eisenhofer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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7
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Wawrzkiewicz-Jałowiecka A, Lalik A, Lukasiak A, Richter-Laskowska M, Trybek P, Ejfler M, Opałka M, Wardejn S, Delfino DV. Potassium Channels, Glucose Metabolism and Glycosylation in Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097942. [PMID: 37175655 PMCID: PMC10178682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Potassium channels emerge as one of the crucial groups of proteins that shape the biology of cancer cells. Their involvement in processes like cell growth, migration, or electric signaling, seems obvious. However, the relationship between the function of K+ channels, glucose metabolism, and cancer glycome appears much more intriguing. Among the typical hallmarks of cancer, one can mention the switch to aerobic glycolysis as the most favorable mechanism for glucose metabolism and glycome alterations. This review outlines the interconnections between the expression and activity of potassium channels, carbohydrate metabolism, and altered glycosylation in cancer cells, which have not been broadly discussed in the literature hitherto. Moreover, we propose the potential mediators for the described relations (e.g., enzymes, microRNAs) and the novel promising directions (e.g., glycans-orinented drugs) for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Wawrzkiewicz-Jałowiecka
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Lalik
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lukasiak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Richter-Laskowska
- The Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Łukasiewicz Research Network-Krakow Institute of Technology, 30-418 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paulina Trybek
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Maciej Ejfler
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Maciej Opałka
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Sonia Wardejn
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Domenico V Delfino
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
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8
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Hypoxia signaling in human health and diseases: implications and prospects for therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:218. [PMID: 35798726 PMCID: PMC9261907 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular oxygen (O2) is essential for most biological reactions in mammalian cells. When the intracellular oxygen content decreases, it is called hypoxia. The process of hypoxia is linked to several biological processes, including pathogenic microbe infection, metabolic adaptation, cancer, acute and chronic diseases, and other stress responses. The mechanism underlying cells respond to oxygen changes to mediate subsequent signal response is the central question during hypoxia. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) sense hypoxia to regulate the expressions of a series of downstream genes expression, which participate in multiple processes including cell metabolism, cell growth/death, cell proliferation, glycolysis, immune response, microbe infection, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. Importantly, hypoxia signaling also interacts with other cellular pathways, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) signaling, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This paper systematically reviews the mechanisms of hypoxia signaling activation, the control of HIF signaling, and the function of HIF signaling in human health and diseases. In addition, the therapeutic targets involved in HIF signaling to balance health and diseases are summarized and highlighted, which would provide novel strategies for the design and development of therapeutic drugs.
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9
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Ornitz DM, Itoh N. New developments in the biology of fibroblast growth factors. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1549. [PMID: 35142107 PMCID: PMC10115509 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family is composed of 18 secreted signaling proteins consisting of canonical FGFs and endocrine FGFs that activate four receptor tyrosine kinases (FGFRs 1-4) and four intracellular proteins (intracellular FGFs or iFGFs) that primarily function to regulate the activity of voltage-gated sodium channels and other molecules. The canonical FGFs, endocrine FGFs, and iFGFs have been reviewed extensively by us and others. In this review, we briefly summarize past reviews and then focus on new developments in the FGF field since our last review in 2015. Some of the highlights in the past 6 years include the use of optogenetic tools, viral vectors, and inducible transgenes to experimentally modulate FGF signaling, the clinical use of small molecule FGFR inhibitors, an expanded understanding of endocrine FGF signaling, functions for FGF signaling in stem cell pluripotency and differentiation, roles for FGF signaling in tissue homeostasis and regeneration, a continuing elaboration of mechanisms of FGF signaling in development, and an expanding appreciation of roles for FGF signaling in neuropsychiatric diseases. This article is categorized under: Cardiovascular Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Congenital Diseases > Stem Cells and Development Cancer > Stem Cells and Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Itoh
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
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10
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Watts D, Jaykar MT, Bechmann N, Wielockx B. Hypoxia signaling pathway: A central mediator in endocrine tumors. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1103075. [PMID: 36699028 PMCID: PMC9868855 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1103075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate oxygen levels are essential for the functioning and maintenance of biological processes in virtually every cell, albeit based on specific need. Thus, any change in oxygen pressure leads to modulated activation of the hypoxia pathway, which affects numerous physiological and pathological processes, including hematopoiesis, inflammation, and tumor development. The Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs) are essential transcription factors and the driving force of the hypoxia pathway; whereas, their inhibitors, HIF prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHDs) proteins are the true oxygen sensors that critically regulate this response. Recently, we and others have described the central role of the PHD/HIF axis in various compartments of the adrenal gland and its potential influence in associated tumors, including pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas. Here, we provide an overview of the most recent findings on the hypoxia signaling pathway in vivo, including its role in the endocrine system, especially in adrenal tumors.
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11
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Zhang C, Tang B, Hu J, Fang X, Bian H, Han J, Hou C, Sun F. Neutrophils correlate with hypoxia microenvironment and promote progression of non-small-cell lung cancer. Bioengineered 2021; 12:8872-8884. [PMID: 34637697 PMCID: PMC8806964 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1987820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, a strong and selective pressure, has been involved in invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of tumor cells. Our study performed the transcriptome profiles of 666 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Various bioinformatic approaches were combined to evaluate the immune cell infiltration in the high hypoxia risk patients. In addition, in vitro experiments were performed to assess the effects of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) on NSCLC cells proliferation, migration and invasion and to reveal the underlying mechanisms. We divided NSCLC into two groups (Cluster1/2) based on the expression profiles of hypoxia-associated genes. Compared with the Cluster1 subgroup, the Cluster2 had a worse prognosis. Significant enrichment analysis revealed that PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and TANs were highly related to hypoxia microenvironment. Eleven hypoxia-related genes (FBP1, NDST2, ADM, LDHA, DDIT4, EXT1, BCAN, IGFBP1, PDGFB, AKAP12, and CDKN3) were scored by LASSO COX regression to yield risk scores, and we revealed a significant difference in overall survival (OS) between the low- and high-risk groups. Mechanistically, CXCL6 in hypoxic cancer cells promoted the migration of TANs in vitro, and in turn promote NSCLC cells proliferation, migration and invasion. In summary, this study revealed a 11‐hypoxia gene signature that predicted OS of NSCLC patients, and improved our understanding of the role of TANs in hypoxia microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zhang
- Respiratory and Critical Care Ward 1, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bingxiang Tang
- Respiratory and Critical Care Ward 1, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianping Hu
- Respiratory and Critical Care Ward 1, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- Respiratory and Critical Care Ward 1, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongzhi Bian
- Respiratory and Critical Care Ward 1, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junlei Han
- Respiratory and Critical Care Ward 1, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Congxia Hou
- Respiratory and Critical Care Ward 1, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fang Sun
- Respiratory and Critical Care Ward 1, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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12
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Ruiz GP, Camara H, Fazolini NPB, Mori MA. Extracellular miRNAs in redox signaling: Health, disease and potential therapies. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 173:170-187. [PMID: 33965563 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important mediators of cell-to-cell communication and intertissue crosstalk. MiRNAs are produced by virtually all types of eukaryotic cells and can be selectively packaged and released to the extracellular medium, where they may reach distal cells to regulate gene expression cell non-autonomously. By doing so, miRNAs participate in integrative physiology. Oxidative stress affects miRNA expression, while miRNAs control redox signaling. Disruption in miRNA expression, processing or release to the extracellular compartment are associated with aging and a number of chronic diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer, all of them being conditions related to oxidative stress. Here we discuss the interplay between redox balance and miRNA function and secretion as a determinant of health and disease states, reviewing the findings that support this notion and highlighting novel and yet understudied venues of research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Palermo Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Camara
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Narayana P B Fazolini
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Mori
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Experimental Medicine Research Cluster (EMRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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13
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Zheng W, Wu F, Fu K, Sun G, Sun G, Li X, Jiang W, Cao H, Wang H, Tang W. Emerging Mechanisms and Treatment Progress on Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:3013-3036. [PMID: 33986602 PMCID: PMC8110277 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s301371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is currently the third largest malignant tumor in the world, with high new cases and high mortality. Metastasis is one of the most common causes of death of colorectal cancer, of which liver metastasis is the most fatal. Since the beginning of the Human Genome Project in 2001, people have gradually recognized the 3 billion base pairs that make up the human genome, of which only about 1.5% of the nucleic acid sequences are used for protein coding, including proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. A large number of differences in the expression of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have also been found in the study of colorectal cancer, which proves that they are also actively involved in the progression of colorectal cancer and promote the occurrence of liver metastasis. Except for 1.5% of the coding sequence, the rest of the nucleic acid sequence does not encode any protein, which is called non-coding RNA. With the deepening of research, genome sequences without protein coding potential that were originally considered “junk sequences” may have important biological functions. Many years of studies have found that a large number of abnormal expression of ncRNA in colorectal cancer liver metastasis, indicating that ncRNA plays an important role in it. To explore the role and mechanism of these coding sequences and non-coding RNA in liver metastasis of colorectal cancer is very important for the early diagnosis and treatment of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. This article reviews the coding genes and ncRNA that have been found in the study of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer in recent years, as well as the mechanisms that have been identified or are still under study, as well as the clinical treatment of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wubin Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangshun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyong Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanjin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Living Donor Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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14
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Chen W, He S, Xiang D. Hypoxia-induced retinal pigment epithelium cell-derived bFGF promotes the migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs through regulating TGF-β1/smad2/3 pathway. Gene 2021; 790:145695. [PMID: 33964379 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia promotes the secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which plays an important part in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). This study preliminarily explored the effect of hypoxia-induced RPE-derived bFGF on the biological functions of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). After cell culture in hypoxia conditions, the cell viability, apoptosis, and the expressions of bFGF and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in human RPEs were detected by 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), flow cytometry, western blot, RT-qPCR, or ELISA. The HUVECs were transfected with siRNA for bFGF (sibFGF) or transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) (siTGF-β1) and grown in the supernatant RPE under normoxia conditions or hypoxia conditions to further determine the cell viability, migration, angiogenesis, and the expressions of TGF-β1, p-smad2/3, and smad2/3 in the cells by performing MTT, transwell, tube formation, Western blot, or RT-qPCR. Hypoxia culture decreased the cell viability and promoted the apoptosis as well as the expressions of bFGF and VEGFA in RPEs. In both normoxia and hypoxia conditions, RPE-derived bFGF increased the cell viability, migration, angiogenesis, and the expressions of TGF-β1 and p-smad2/3 in the HUVECs, with hypoxia-induced RPE-derived bFGF showing a stronger effect than bFGF induced by normoxia. However, sibFGF reversed the effects caused by RPE-derived bFGF. Moreover, siTGF-β1 decreased the high cell viability, migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs, and downregulated the expressions of TGF-β1 and phosphorylated (p)-smad2/3 upregulated by hypoxia-induced RPE-derived bFGF. Hypoxia-induced RPE-derived bFGF could promote the migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs through regulating TGF-β1/smad2/3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensi Chen
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Shiping He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aier Eye Hospital, China
| | - Daoman Xiang
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, China.
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15
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Co-Targeting PIM Kinase and PI3K/mTOR in NSCLC. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092139. [PMID: 33946744 PMCID: PMC8125027 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary PIM kinases interact with major oncogenic players, including the PI3K/Akt pathway, and provide an escape mechanism leading to drug resistance. This study examined PIM kinase expression in NSCLC and the potential of PIM1 as a prognostic marker. The effect on cell signaling of novel preclinical PI3K/mTOR/PIM kinase inhibitor IBL-301 was compared to PI3K/mTOR inhibition in vitro and ex vivo. PI3K-mTOR inhibitor sensitive (H1975P) and resistant (H1975GR) cells were compared for altered IL6/STAT3 pathway expression and sensitivity to IBL-301. All three PIM kinases are expressed in NSCLC and PIM1 is a marker of poor prognosis. IBL-301 inhibited c-Myc, the PI3K-Akt and JAK/STAT pathways in vitro and in NSCLC tumor tissue explants. IBL-301 also inhibited secreted pro-inflammatory cytokine MCP-1. PIM kinases were activated in H1975GR cells which were more sensitive to IBL-301 than H1975P cells. A miRNA signature of PI3K-mTOR resistance was validated. Co-targeting PIM kinase and PI3K-mTOR warrants further clinical investigation. Abstract PIM kinases are constitutively active proto-oncogenic serine/threonine kinases that play a role in cell cycle progression, metabolism, inflammation and drug resistance. PIM kinases interact with and stabilize p53, c-Myc and parallel signaling pathway PI3K/Akt. This study evaluated PIM kinase expression in NSCLC and in response to PI3K/mTOR inhibition. It investigated a novel preclinical PI3K/mTOR/PIM inhibitor (IBL-301) in vitro and in patient-derived NSCLC tumor tissues. Western blot analysis confirmed PIM1, PIM2 and PIM3 are expressed in NSCLC cell lines and PIM1 is a marker of poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC. IBL-301 decreased PIM1, c-Myc, pBAD and p4EBP1 (Thr37/46) and peIF4B (S406) protein levels in-vitro and MAP kinase, PI3K-Akt and JAK/STAT pathways in tumor tissue explants. IBL-301 significantly decreased secreted pro-inflammatory cytokine MCP-1. Altered mRNA expression, including activated PIM kinase and c-Myc, was identified in Apitolisib resistant cells (H1975GR) by an IL-6/STAT3 pathway array and validated by Western blot. H1975GR cells were more sensitive to IBL-301 than parent cells. A miRNA array identified a dysregulated miRNA signature of PI3K/mTOR drug resistance consisting of regulators of PIM kinase and c-Myc (miR17-5p, miR19b-3p, miR20a-5p, miR15b-5p, miR203a, miR-206). Our data provides a rationale for co-targeting PIM kinase and PI3K-mTOR to improve therapeutic response in NSCLC.
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16
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Tang Y, Zong S, Zeng H, Ruan X, Yao L, Han S, Hou F. MicroRNAs and angiogenesis: a new era for the management of colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:221. [PMID: 33865381 PMCID: PMC8052662 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01920-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNA molecules containing only 20–22 nucleotides. MiRNAs play a role in gene silencing and translation suppression by targeting and binding to mRNA. Proper control of miRNA expression is very important for maintaining a normal physiological environment because miRNAs can affect most cellular pathways, including cell cycle checkpoint, cell proliferation, and apoptosis pathways, and have a wide range of target genes. With these properties, miRNAs can modulate multiple signalling pathways involved in cancer development, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration pathways. MiRNAs that activate or inhibit the molecular pathway related to tumour angiogenesis are common topics of research. Angiogenesis promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis by providing oxygen and diffusible nutrients and releasing proangiogenic factors and is one of the hallmarks of tumour progression. CRC is one of the most common tumours, and metastasis has always been a difficult issue in its treatment. Although comprehensive treatments, such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy, have prolonged the survival of CRC patients, the overall response is not optimistic. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new therapeutic targets to improve CRC treatment. In a series of recent reports, miRNAs have been shown to bidirectionally regulate angiogenesis in colorectal cancer. Many miRNAs can directly act on VEGF or inhibit angiogenesis through other pathways (HIF-1a, PI3K/AKT, etc.), while some miRNAs, specifically many exosomal miRNAs, are capable of promoting CRC angiogenesis. Understanding the mechanism of action of miRNAs in angiogenesis is of great significance for finding new targets for the treatment of tumour angiogenesis. Deciphering the exact role of specific miRNAs in angiogenesis is a challenge due to the high complexity of their actions. Here, we describe the latest advances in the understanding of miRNAs and their corresponding targets that play a role in CRC angiogenesis and discuss possible miRNA-based therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Tang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Shaoqi Zong
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China.,Graduate School of Shanghai, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailun Zeng
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ruan
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Liting Yao
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Susu Han
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Fenggang Hou
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China.
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17
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Le P, Romano G, Nana-Sinkam P, Acunzo M. Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy: Focus on Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061372. [PMID: 33803619 PMCID: PMC8003033 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last several decades, clinical evaluation and treatment of lung cancers have largely improved with the classification of genetic drivers of the disease, such as EGFR, ALK, and ROS1. There are numerous regulatory factors that exert cellular control over key oncogenic pathways involved in lung cancers. In particular, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have a diversity of regulatory roles in lung cancers such that they have been shown to be involved in inducing proliferation, suppressing apoptotic pathways, increasing metastatic potential of cancer cells, and acquiring drug resistance. The dysregulation of various ncRNAs in human cancers has prompted preclinical studies examining the therapeutic potential of restoring and/or inhibiting these ncRNAs. Furthermore, ncRNAs demonstrate tissue-specific expression in addition to high stability within biological fluids. This makes them excellent candidates as cancer biomarkers. This review aims to discuss the relevance of ncRNAs in cancer pathology, diagnosis, and therapy, with a focus on lung cancer.
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18
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Li D, Wang T, Sun FF, Feng JQ, Peng JJ, Li H, Wang C, Wang D, Liu Y, Bai YD, Shi ML, Zhang T. MicroRNA-375 represses tumor angiogenesis and reverses resistance to sorafenib in hepatocarcinoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 28:126-140. [PMID: 32616906 PMCID: PMC7886652 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-0191-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sorafenib was originally identified as an inhibitor of multiple oncogenic kinases and remains the first-line systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play critical roles in the initiation, progression, and drug resistance of HCC. In this study, we aimed to identify sorafenib-induced miRNAs and demonstrate their regulatory roles. First, we identified that the expression of the tumor-suppressive miRNA miR-375 was significantly induced in hepatoma cells treated with sorafenib, and miR-375 could exert its antiangiogenic effect partially via platelet-derived growth factor C (PDGFC) inhibition. Then, we demonstrated that sorafenib inhibited PDGFC expression by inducing the expression of miR-375 and a transcription factor, achaete-scute homolog-1 (ASH1), mediated the induction of miR-375 by sorafeinb administration in hepatoma cells. Finally, we verified that the expression of miR-375 was reduced in sorafenib-resistant cells and that the restoration of miR-375 could resensitize sorafenib-resistant cells to sorafenib partially by the degradation of astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1). In conclusion, our data demonstrate that miR-375 is a critical determinant of HCC angiogenesis and sorafenib tolerance, revealing a novel miRNA-mediated mechanism underlying sorafenib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Fei-Fan Sun
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jian-Qiong Feng
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing-Jing Peng
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pathology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu-Di Bai
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mao-Lin Shi
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China.
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19
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Morales-Martinez M, Vega MI. Participation of different miRNAs in the regulation of YY1: Their role in pathogenesis, chemoresistance, and therapeutic implication in hematologic malignancies. YY1 IN THE CONTROL OF THE PATHOGENESIS AND DRUG RESISTANCE OF CANCER 2021:171-198. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-821909-6.00010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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20
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Li Y, Sun XX, Qian DZ, Dai MS. Molecular Crosstalk Between MYC and HIF in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:590576. [PMID: 33251216 PMCID: PMC7676913 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.590576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor c-MYC (MYC thereafter) is a global regulator of gene expression. It is overexpressed or deregulated in human cancers of diverse origins and plays a key role in the development of cancers. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), a central regulator for cells to adapt to low cellular oxygen levels, is also often overexpressed and activated in many human cancers. HIF mediates the primary transcriptional response of a wide range of genes in response to hypoxia. Earlier studies focused on the inhibition of MYC by HIF during hypoxia, when MYC is expressed at physiological level, to help cells survive under low oxygen conditions. Emerging evidence suggests that MYC and HIF also cooperate to promote cancer cell growth and progression. This review will summarize the current understanding of the complex molecular interplay between MYC and HIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Li
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Xiao-Xin Sun
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Portland, OR, United States
| | - David Z Qian
- The OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Mu-Shui Dai
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Portland, OR, United States.,The OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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21
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Beyond Conventional: The New Horizon of Anti-Angiogenic microRNAs in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218002. [PMID: 33121202 PMCID: PMC7663714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
GLOBOCAN 2018 identified lung cancer as the leading oncological pathology in terms of incidence and mortality rates. Angiogenesis is a key adaptive mechanism of numerous malignancies that promotes metastatic spread in view of the dependency of cancer cells on nutrients and oxygen, favoring invasion. Limitation of the angiogenic process could significantly hamper the disease advancement through starvation of the primary tumor and impairment of metastatic spread. This review explores the basic molecular mechanisms of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) angiogenesis, and discusses the influences of the key proangiogenic factors-the vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2), several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs-MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9) and hypoxia-and the therapeutic implications of microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) throughout the entire process, while also providing critical reviews of a number of microRNAs, with a focus on miR-126, miR-182, miR-155, miR-21 and let-7b. Finally, current conventional NSCLC anti-angiogenics-bevacizumab, ramucirumab and nintedanib-are briefly summarized through the lens of evidence-based medicine.
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22
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shoorei H, Mohaqiq M, Taheri M. Non-coding RNAs regulate angiogenic processes. Vascul Pharmacol 2020; 133-134:106778. [PMID: 32784009 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2020.106778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis has critical roles in numerous physiologic processes during embryonic and adult life such as wound healing and tissue regeneration. However, aberrant angiogenic processes have also been involved in the pathogenesis of several disorders such as cancer and diabetes mellitus. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is implicated in the regulation of this process in several physiologic and pathologic conditions. Notably, several non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to influence angiogenesis through modulation of expression of VEGF or other angiogenic factors. In the current review, we summarize the function and characteristics of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs which regulate angiogenic processes. Understanding the role of these transcripts in the angiogenesis can facilitate design of therapeutic strategies to defeat the pathogenic events during this process especially in the human malignancies. Besides, angiogenesis-related mechanisms can improve tissue regeneration after conditions such as arteriosclerosis, myocardial infarction and limb ischemia. Thus, ncRNA-regulated angiogenesis can be involved in the pathogenesis of several disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mohaqiq
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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23
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Zhang X, Wang L, Li H, Zhang L, Zheng X, Cheng W. Crosstalk between noncoding RNAs and ferroptosis: new dawn for overcoming cancer progression. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:580. [PMID: 32709863 PMCID: PMC7381619 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer progression including proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance has become a serious hindrance to cancer therapy. This phenomenon mainly derives from the innate insensitive or acquired resistance of cancer cells to apoptosis. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered mechanism of programmed cell death characterized by peroxidation of the lipid membrane induced by reactive oxygen species. Ferroptosis has been confirmed to eliminate cancer cells in an apoptosis-independent manner, however, the specific regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis is still unknown. The use of ferroptosis for overcoming cancer progression is limited. Noncoding RNAs have been found to play an important roles in cancer. They regulate gene expression to affect biological processes of cancer cells such as proliferation, cell cycle, and cell death. Thus far, the functions of ncRNAs in ferroptosis of cancer cells have been examined, and the specific mechanisms by which noncoding RNAs regulate ferroptosis have been partially discovered. However, there is no summary of ferroptosis associated noncoding RNAs and their functions in different cancer types. In this review, we discuss the roles of ferroptosis-associated noncoding RNAs in detail. Moreover, future work regarding the interaction between noncoding RNAs and ferroptosis is proposed, the possible obstacles are predicted and associated solutions are put forward. This review will deepen our understanding of the relationship between noncoding RNAs and ferroptosis, and provide new insights in targeting noncoding RNAs in ferroptosis associated therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Haixia Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China.
| | - Xiulan Zheng
- Department of Ultrasonography, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China.
| | - Wen Cheng
- Department of Ultrasonography, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, 150040, Harbin, China.
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24
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Long noncoding RNA DLEU2 predicts a poor prognosis and enhances malignant properties in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma through the miR-30c-5p/PIK3CD/Akt axis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:472. [PMID: 32555190 PMCID: PMC7303144 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2581-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as potential prognostic tools and therapeutic biomarkers for a variety of human cancers. However, the functional roles and underlying mechanisms of key lncRNAs affecting laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs) are largely unknown. Here, we adopted a novel subpathway strategy based on the lncRNA-mRNA profiles from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and identified the lncRNA deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 2 (DLEU2) as an oncogene in the pathogenesis of LSCCs. We found that DLEU2 was significantly upregulated and predicted poor clinical outcomes in LSCC patients. In addition, ectopic overexpression of DLEU2 promoted the proliferation and migration of LSCC cells both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, DLEU2 served as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate PIK3CD expression by sponging miR-30c-5p and subsequently activated the Akt signaling pathway. As a target gene of DLEU2, PIK3CD was also upregulated and could predict a poor prognosis in LSCC patients. In conclusion, we found that the novel LSCC-related gene DLEU2 enhances the malignant properties of LSCCs via the miR-30c-5p/PIK3CD/Akt axis. DLEU2 and its targeted miR-30c-5p/PIK3CD/Akt axis may represent valuable prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for LSCCs.
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25
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Lei L, Mou Q. Exosomal taurine up-regulated 1 promotes angiogenesis and endothelial cell proliferation in cervical cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2020; 21:717-725. [PMID: 32432954 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2020.1764318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence had highlighted that exosomes could mediate cell-cell communication in human cancerous development via transferring the various molecular cargos, including long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). Taurine up-regulated 1 (TUG1) was previously reported as an oncogenic lncRNA in cervical cancer (CC) via facilitating cell proliferation and other vital biological behaviors. Nevertheless, the presence of TUG1 in exosomes and the functional regulation of exosomal TUG1 in CC are still elusive. The current study aimed at the communication between CC cell lines and endothelial cell-mediated by exosomes, as well as the roles of exosomes derived from CC cells and exosomal TUG1 in affecting angiogenesis. Initially, it was found that TUG1 expression was upregulated in both CC cells and their secreted exosomes. TUG1 was transferred from CC cells to recipient human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the exosomes way. Interestingly, TUG1 depletion impaired the exosomes-mediated proangiogenic potential of HUVECs by modulating certain key angiogenesis-related genes. In addition, exosomal TUG1 contributed to HUVECs proliferation through suppressing caspase-3 activity and impacting apoptosis-related proteins. Collectively, we identified a new exosomes-mediated molecular mechanism by which CC cells transferred TUG1 via exosomes to recipient HUVECs, thus promoting angiogenesis, providing a promising target for early diagnosis of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lei
- Department of Three Wards of Department of Gynecology Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qinwei Mou
- Department of Gynecology, Baoji Maternal and Children Health Care Hospital , Baoji, Shaanxi, China
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26
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Cui X, Piao C, Lv C, Lin X, Zhang Z, Liu X. ZNFX1 anti-sense RNA 1 promotes the tumorigenesis of prostate cancer by regulating c-Myc expression via a regulatory network of competing endogenous RNAs. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:1135-1152. [PMID: 31321444 PMCID: PMC11104963 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
ZNFX1 anti-sense RNA 1 (ZFAS1) has been indicated in the tumorigenesis of various human cancers. However, the role of ZFAS1 in prostate cancer (PCa) progression and the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In the present study, we discovered that ZFAS1 is upregulated in PCa and that ZFAS1 overexpression predicted poor clinical outcomes. ZFAS1 overexpression notably promoted the proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of PCa cells. Furthermore, we not only discovered that miR-27a/15a/16 are targeted by ZFAS1, which binds to their miRNA-response elements, but also revealed their tumor suppressor roles in PCa. We also identified that the Hippo pathway transducer YAP1, as well as its cooperator, TEAD1, are common downstream targets of miR-27a/15a/16. In addition, H3K9 demethylase KDM3A was found to be another target gene of miR-27a. Importantly, YAP1, TEAD1, and KDM3A all act as strong c-Myc inducers in an androgen-independent manner. Taken together, we suggest a regulatory network in which ZFAS1 is capable of enhancing c-Myc expression by inducing the expression of YAP1, TEAD1, and KDM3A through crosstalk with their upstream miRNAs, thereby globally promoting prostate cancer tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Cui
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Chiyuan Piao
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Chengcheng Lv
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, 110042, China
| | - Xuyong Lin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xiankui Liu
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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27
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Li C, Fang Y, Wang K, Gao W, Dou Z, Wang X, Zhang S, Lenahan C, Wu X. Protective effect of c-Myc/Rab7a signal pathway in glioblastoma cells under hypoxia. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:283. [PMID: 32355727 PMCID: PMC7186680 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor, and is associated with a poor prognosis. Hypoxia is prevalent in the microenvironment of GBM, and promotes tumorigenesis and resistance to anticancer therapy. However, its mechanism remains incompletely understood. Methods We used immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time PCR, and Western blots to assess c-Myc and Rab7a expression levels in 12 GBM specimens from a single institution. A luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirmed whether Rab7a is transcriptionally regulated by c-Myc. To clarify the precise role of c-Myc/Rab7a on GBM cell proliferation, we did in vitro and in vivo analyses with lentivirus vectors. Cell viability was assessed using a cell counting kit-8 assay in the context of hypoxia. Autophagy was measured using transmission electron microscopy and Western blot, and apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry and Western blot. Results Gene and protein expression of c-Myc and Rab7a were significantly upregulated in GBM specimens. Moreover, c-Myc regulated Rab7a by specifically interacting with the Rab7a promoter. Furthermore, hypoxia activated the c-Myc/Rab7a pathway, which protects GBM cells from damage caused by hypoxia. Importantly, c-Myc/Rab7a inhibited apoptosis and induced autophagy in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions Collectively, our results suggest that the c-Myc/Rab7a pathway protects GBM cells from hypoxic injury via regulation of apoptosis and autophagy, contributing to the growth of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yuanjian Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Kaikai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Zhangqi Dou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, Las Cruces, NM, USA.,Center for Neuroscience Research, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
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28
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Liang CY, Li ZY, Gan TQ, Fang YY, Gan BL, Chen WJ, Dang YW, Shi K, Feng ZB, Chen G. Downregulation of hsa-microRNA-204-5p and identification of its potential regulatory network in non-small cell lung cancer: RT-qPCR, bioinformatic- and meta-analyses. Respir Res 2020; 21:60. [PMID: 32102656 PMCID: PMC7045575 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-1274-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary malignant neoplasms have a high worldwide morbidity and mortality, so the study of these malignancies using microRNAs (miRNAs) has attracted great interest and enthusiasm. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical effect of hsa-microRNA-204-5p (miR-204-5p) and its underlying molecular mechanisms in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Expression of miR-204-5p was investigated by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). After data mining from public online repositories, several integrative assessment methods, including receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and comprehensive meta-analyses, were conducted to explore the expression and clinical utility of miR-204-5p. The potential objects regulated and controlled by miR-204-5p in the course of NSCLC were identified by estimated target prediction and analysis. The regulatory network of miR-204-5p, with its target genes and transcription factors (TFs), was structured from database evidence and literature references. Results The expression of miR-204-5p was downregulated in NSCLC, and the downtrend was related to gender, histological type, vascular invasion, tumor size, clinicopathologic grade and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). MiR-204-5p was useful in prognosis, but was deemed unsuitable at present as an auxiliary diagnostic or prognostic risk factor for NSCLC due to the lack of statistical significance in meta-analyses and absence of large-scale investigations. Gene enrichment and annotation analyses identified miR-204-5p candidate targets that took part in various genetic activities and biological functions. The predicted TFs, like MAX, MYC, and RUNX1, interfered in regulatory networks involving miR-204-5p and its predicted hub genes, though a modulatory loop or axis of the miRNA-TF-gene that was out of range with shortage in database prediction, experimental proof and literature confirmation. Conclusions The frequently observed decrease in miR-204-5p was helpful for NSCLC diagnosis. The estimated target genes and TFs contributed to the anti-oncogene effects of miR-204-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yu Liang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Zu-Yun Li
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Qing Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye-Ying Fang
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin-Liang Gan
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Shi
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Bo Feng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
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The Roles of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and Non-Coding RNAs in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10121008. [PMID: 31817259 PMCID: PMC6947354 DOI: 10.3390/genes10121008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that play central roles in cellular responses against hypoxia. In most cancers, HIFs are closely associated with tumorigenesis by regulating cell survival, angiogenesis, metastasis, and adaptation to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Recently, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been reported to play critical roles in the hypoxic response in various cancers. Here, we review the roles of hypoxia-response ncRNAs in gastrointestinal cancer, with a particular focus on microRNAs and long ncRNAs, and discuss the functional relationships and regulatory mechanisms between HIFs and ncRNAs.
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30
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MicroRNA Networks Modulate Oxidative Stress in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184497. [PMID: 31514389 PMCID: PMC6769781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Imbalanced regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant factors in cells is known as "oxidative stress (OS)". OS regulates key cellular physiological responses through signal transduction, transcription factors and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Increasing evidence indicates that continued OS can cause chronic inflammation, which in turn contributes to cardiovascular and neurological diseases and cancer development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small ncRNAs that produce functional 18-25-nucleotide RNA molecules that play critical roles in the regulation of target gene expression by binding to complementary regions of the mRNA and regulating mRNA degradation or inhibiting translation. Furthermore, miRNAs function as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes in cancer. Dysregulated miRNAs reportedly modulate cancer hallmarks such as metastasis, angiogenesis, apoptosis and tumor growth. Notably, miRNAs are involved in ROS production or ROS-mediated function. Accordingly, investigating the interaction between ROS and miRNAs has become an important endeavor that is expected to aid in the development of effective treatment/prevention strategies for cancer. This review provides a summary of the essential properties and functional roles of known miRNAs associated with OS in cancers.
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31
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Besnier M, Shantikumar S, Anwar M, Dixit P, Chamorro-Jorganes A, Sweaad W, Sala-Newby G, Madeddu P, Thomas AC, Howard L, Mushtaq S, Petretto E, Caporali A, Emanueli C. miR-15a/-16 Inhibit Angiogenesis by Targeting the Tie2 Coding Sequence: Therapeutic Potential of a miR-15a/16 Decoy System in Limb Ischemia. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:49-62. [PMID: 31220779 PMCID: PMC6586592 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-15a (miR-15a) and miR-16, which are transcribed from the miR-15a/miR-16-1 cluster, inhibit post-ischemic angiogenesis. MicroRNA (miRNA) binding to mRNA coding sequences (CDSs) is a newly emerging mechanism of gene expression regulation. We aimed to (1) identify new mediators of the anti-angiogenic action of miR-15a and -16, (2) develop an adenovirus (Ad)-based miR-15a/16 decoy system carrying a luciferase reporter (Luc) to both sense and inhibit miR-15a/16 activity, and (3) investigate Ad.Luc-Decoy-15a/16 therapeutic potential in a mouse limb ischemia (LI) model. LI increased miR-15a and -16 expression in mouse muscular endothelial cells (ECs). The miRNAs also increased in cultured human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) exposed to serum starvation, but not hypoxia. Using bioinformatic tools and luciferase activity assays, we characterized miR-15a and -16 binding to Tie2 CDS. In HUVECs, miR-15a or -16 overexpression reduced Tie2 at the protein, but not the mRNA, level. Conversely, miR-15a or -16 inhibition improved angiogenesis in a Tie2-dependent manner. Local Ad.Luc-Decoy-15a/16 delivery increased Tie2 levels in ischemic skeletal muscle and improved post-LI angiogenesis and perfusion recovery, with reduced toe necrosis. Bioluminescent imaging (in vivo imaging system [IVIS]) provided evidence that the Ad.Luc-Decoy-15a/16 system responds to miR-15a/16 increases. In conclusion, we have provided novel mechanistic evidence of the therapeutic potential of local miR-15a/16 inhibition in LI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Besnier
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Maryam Anwar
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Parul Dixit
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Walid Sweaad
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Paolo Madeddu
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anita C Thomas
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lynsey Howard
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sobia Mushtaq
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Programme, Centre for Computational Biology, Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrea Caporali
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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32
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Zhou JM, Liang R, Zhu SY, Wang H, Zou M, Zou WJ, Nie SL. LncRNA WWC2-AS1 functions AS a novel competing endogenous RNA in the regulation of FGF2 expression by sponging miR-16 in radiation-induced intestinal fibrosis. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:647. [PMID: 31262262 PMCID: PMC6604321 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were considered as important gene expression regulators involving various biological processes. In this study, we explored the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of radiation-induced intestinal fibrosis (RIF). METHODS LncRNAs were screened by microarray (Human LncRNA Array v3.0, Arraystar, Inc.) and the differentially expressed lncRNAs in RIF and non-RIF were analyzed by bioinformatics methods. The expression of WWC2-AS1/miR-16/FGF2 axis was compared on mRNA and protein level between human intestinal CCD-18Co fibroblasts cell lines and subepithelial SEMFs in response to radiation treatment. The significance of WWC2-AS1 in regulating FGF2 associated proliferation, migration, invasion and fibrosis of CCD-18Co and SEMFs by exposure to radiation was analyzed by shRNA (WWC2-AS1 shRNA) knock-down of endogenous WWC2-AS1. RESULTS WWC2-AS1 and FGF2 level was significantly higher while miR-16 was down-regulated in radiation-treated intestinal tissues. WWC2-AS1 more potently boosted FGF2 expression via reducing miR-16, and WWC2-AS1 shRNA remarkably inhibited FGF2 associated proliferation, migration, invasion and fibrosis of radiation treatment in vitro, further demonstrating physical interaction between miR-16 and WWC2-AS1 in radiation-induced fibrosis progress. CONCLUSIONS WWC2-AS1 was highly expressed in RIF, may function as a ceRNA in the regulation of FGF2 by binding miR-16. Targeting WWC2-AS1 thus may benefit radiation-induced fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Mei Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province Changsha, 410013 People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Liang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Su-Yu Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province Changsha, 410013 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province Changsha, 410013 People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Zou
- Department of Radiotherapy, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province Changsha, 410013 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jing Zou
- Department of Radiotherapy, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province Changsha, 410013 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shao-Lin Nie
- Department of Intestinal Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, No.283, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013 Hunan Province People’s Republic of China
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33
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Williams M, Cheng YY, Kirschner MB, Sarun KH, Schelch K, Winata P, McCaughan B, Kao S, Van Zandwijk N, Reid G. Transcriptional suppression of the miR-15/16 family by c-Myc in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Oncotarget 2019; 10:4125-4138. [PMID: 31289611 PMCID: PMC6609241 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA downregulation is frequent in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), but the mechanisms responsible for loss of miR-15/16 and miR-193a are yet to be elucidated and were investigated in this study. Copy Number Variation (CNV) of microRNA-coding genes was analyzed in MPM cells by digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) and revealed heterozygous loss of miR-193a and miR-15a/16-1, but no change in miR-15b/16-2. Epigenetic control of microRNA expression was inferred following decitabine and Trichostatin A (TSA) treatment which did not substantially affect microRNA expression. Knockdown of c-Myc expression led to upregulation of SMC4, miR-15b and 16, and to a lesser extent DLEU2 and miR-15a, whereas c-Myc overexpression repressed microRNA expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays confirmed the interaction of c-Myc with the DLEU2 and SMC4 promoters. Tumor microRNA expression was determined in samples from MPM patients, with samples of pleura from cardiac surgery patients used as controls. In tumor samples, a strong correlation was observed between the expression of miR-15b and 16 (R2=0.793), but not miR-15a and 16. Our data suggest that in MPM, the downregulation of miR-15/16 is due to transcriptional repression by c-Myc, primarily via control of the miR-15b/16-2 locus, while miR-193a-3p loss is due to genomic deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Williams
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yuen Yee Cheng
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michaela B Kirschner
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Current address: Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kadir H Sarun
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Karin Schelch
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Current address: Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Winata
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Steven Kao
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nico Van Zandwijk
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Current address: Sydney Local Health District, Concord, Australia
| | - Glen Reid
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Current address: Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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34
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Huang X, Wang L, Liu W, Li F. MicroRNA-497-5p inhibits proliferation and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer by regulating FGF2. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3425-3431. [PMID: 30867780 PMCID: PMC6396182 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.9954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing number of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play an important role in the development and progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In particular, microRNA-497-5p (miR-497-5p) has been proposed as a tumor suppressor miRNA in human cancers. However, the role of miR-497-5p and its potential molecular mechanism associated with NSCLC are less studied. Therefore, the role of miR-497-5p in the pathogenesis of NSCLC was investigated. In the present study, the expression of miR-497-5p was significantly downregulated in NSCLC. Moreover, overexpression of miR-497-5p inhibited the proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells by suppressing FGF2. In addition, FGF2 was a downstream target of miR-497-5p in NSCLC. FGF2 was upregulated in NSCLC promoting cell proliferation and invasion. Overexpression of FGF2 impaired the inhibitory effect of miR-497-5p in NSCLC. Taken together, these results demonstrate that miR-497-5p is a tumor suppressor miRNA and demonstrate its potential for future use in the treatment of human NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaori Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
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35
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Salinas-Vera YM, Marchat LA, Gallardo-Rincón D, Ruiz-García E, Astudillo-De La Vega H, Echavarría-Zepeda R, López-Camarillo C. AngiomiRs: MicroRNAs driving angiogenesis in cancer (Review). Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:657-670. [PMID: 30483765 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.4003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important hallmark of cancer serving a key role in tumor growth and metastasis. Therefore, tumor angiogenesis has become an attractive target for development of novel drug therapies. An increased amount of anti‑angiogenic compounds is currently in preclinical and clinical development for personalized therapies. However, resistance to current angiogenesis inhibitors is emerging, indicating that there is a need to identify novel anti‑angiogenic agents. In the last decade, the field of microRNA biology has exploded revealing unsuspected functions in tumor angiogenesis. These small non‑coding RNAs, which have been dubbed as angiomiRs, may target regulatory molecules driving angiogenesis, such as cytokines, metalloproteinases and growth factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet‑derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, hypoxia inducible factor‑1, as well as mitogen‑activated protein kinase, phosphoinositide 3‑kinase and transforming growth factor signaling pathways. The present review discusses the current progress towards understanding the functions of miRNAs in tumor angiogenesis regulation in diverse types of human cancer. Furthermore, the potential clinical application of angiomiRs towards anti‑angiogenic tumor therapy was explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarely M Salinas-Vera
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genomicas, Universidad Autonoma de la Ciudad de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico 03100, Mexico
| | - Laurence A Marchat
- Programa en Biomedicina Molecular y Red de Biotecnologia, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico 07320, Mexico
| | - Dolores Gallardo-Rincón
- Laboratorio de Medicina Translacional, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de Mexico 14080, Mexico
| | - Erika Ruiz-García
- Laboratorio de Medicina Translacional, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de Mexico 14080, Mexico
| | - Horacio Astudillo-De La Vega
- Laboratorio de Investigacion Translacional en Cáncer y Terapia Celular, Hospital de Oncologia, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, Mexico
| | | | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genomicas, Universidad Autonoma de la Ciudad de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico 03100, Mexico
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Qiu JJ, Lin XJ, Tang XY, Zheng TT, Lin YY, Hua KQ. Exosomal Metastasis‑Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 Promotes Angiogenesis and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1960-1973. [PMID: 30585260 PMCID: PMC6299373 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.28048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes mediate cell-cell crosstalk in cancer progression by transferring their molecular cargos, including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Metastasis‑associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a well-known lncRNA associated with cancer angiogenesis and metastasis. However, the presence of MALAT1 in exosomes and the roles and clinical values of exosomal MALAT1 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remain unknown. The present study focused on the crosstalk between EOC cells and endothelial cells mediated by exosomal MALAT1 and aimed to explore the roles of exosomes and exosomal MALAT1 in EOC angiogenesis and to reveal the clinical relevance and prognostic predictive value of serum exosomal MALAT1 in EOC. We observed that MALAT1 was increased in both metastatic EOC cells and their secreted exosomes. Exosomal MALAT1 derived from EOC cells was transferred to recipient human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via exosomes. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that MALAT1 knockdown impaired the exosome-mediated proangiogenic activity of HUVECs through certain key angiogenesis-related genes. Clinically, elevated serum exosomal MALAT1 was highly correlated with an advanced and metastatic phenotype of EOC and was an independent predictive factor for EOC overall survival (OS). Moreover, a prognostic nomogram model we constructed showed a good prediction of the probability of 3-year OS of EOC patients according to the c-index (0.751, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.691-0.811) and calibration curve. Collectively, our data provide a novel mechanism by which EOC cells transfer MALAT1 via exosomes to recipient HUVECs and influence HUVECs by stimulating angiogenesis-related gene expression, eventually promoting angiogenesis. Additionally, circulating exosomal MALAT1 can serve as a promising serum-based, noninvasive predictive biomarker for EOC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jun Qiu
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Lin
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Tang
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zheng
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ying-Ying Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Ke-Qin Hua
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai 200011, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, 413 Zhaozhou Road, Shanghai 200011, China
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37
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38
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Alternative NF-κB signaling promotes colorectal tumorigenesis through transcriptionally upregulating Bcl-3. Oncogene 2018; 37:5887-5900. [PMID: 29973688 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0363-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Multiple studies have shown that chronic inflammation is closely related to the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Classical NF-κB signaling, the key factor in controlling inflammation, has been found to be of great importance to CRC development. However, the role of alternative NF-κB signaling in CRC is still elusive. Here, we found aberrant constitutive activation of alternative NF-κB signaling both in CRC tissue and CRC cells. Knockdown of RelB downregulates c-Myc and upregulates p27Kip1 protein level, which inhibits CRC cell proliferation and retards CRC xenograft growth. Conversely, overexpression of RelB increases proliferation of CRC cells. In addition, we revealed a significant correlation between Bcl-3 and RelB in CRC tissues. The expression of RelB was consistent with the expression of Bcl-3 and the phosphorylation of Bcl-3 downstream proteins p-Akt (S473) and p-GSK3β (S9). Bcl-3 overexpression can restore the phenotype changes caused by RelB knockdown. Importantly, we demonstrated that alternative NF-κB transcriptional factor (p52:RelB) can directly bind to the promoter region of Bcl-3 gene and upregulate its transcription. Moreover, the expression of RelB, NF-κB2 p52, and Bcl-3 was associated with poor survival of CRC patients. Taken together, these results represent that alternative NF-κB signaling may function as an oncogenic driver in CRC, and also provide new ideas and research directions for the pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of other inflammatory-related diseases.
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Leng J, Song Q, Zhao Y, Wang Z. miR‑15a represses cancer cell migration and invasion under conditions of hypoxia by targeting and downregulating Bcl‑2 expression in human osteosarcoma cells. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1095-1104. [PMID: 29484432 PMCID: PMC5843390 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a common, high-risk primary bone malignancy that mostly affects the younger population. There has been no marked improvement in the clinical outcomes of osteosarcoma patients to date, and cancer recurrence and metastasis are common in high-grade osteosarcoma. Therefore, identifying new biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets is crucial for improving the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. In the present study, the MG63 human osteosarcoma cell line was employed to examine the role of microRNA (miR)-15a in regulating cellular activities under hypoxic conditions. It was demonstrated that hypoxia stimulates migration and invasion in MG63 cells, which was correlated with the downregulation of miR-15a and upregulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression. Introduction of miR-15a or knockdown of endogenous Bcl-2 may reduce hypoxia-induced cell invasion and migration through the regulation of matrix metalloproteinases. Analysis of the expression of miR-15a indicated that hypoxia repressed the transcription of deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 2 (DLEU2), which is the host gene of miR-15a. These findings indicated that miR-15a may be a valuable target for the treatment of osteosarcoma, particularly for patients with high-grade cancer or heavy tumor burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Leng
- Nursing Platform of Bone, Joint and Sports Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Qingxu Song
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yuguang Zhao
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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40
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Deng X, Liu Z, Liu X, Fu Q, Deng T, Lu J, Liu Y, Liang Z, Jiang Q, Cheng C, Fang W. miR-296-3p Negatively Regulated by Nicotine Stimulates Cytoplasmic Translocation of c-Myc via MK2 to Suppress Chemotherapy Resistance. Mol Ther 2018. [PMID: 29525743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify mechanisms by which microRNA 296-3p (miR-296-3p) functions as a tumor suppressor to restrain nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Mechanistic studies revealed that miR-296-3p negatively regulated by nicotine directly targets the oncogenic protein mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase-2 (Mapkapk2) (MK2). Suppression of MK2 downregulated Ras/Braf/Erk/Mek/c-Myc and phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/c-Myc signaling and promoted cytoplasmic translocation of c-Myc, which activated miR-296-3p expression by a feedback loop. This ultimately inhibited cell cycle progression, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and chemoresistance of NPC. In addition, nicotine as a key component of tobacco was observed to suppress miR-296-3p and thus elevate MK2 expression by inducing PI3K/Akt/c-Myc signaling. In clinical samples, reduced miR-296-3p as an unfavorable factor was inversely correlated with MK2 and c-Myc expression. These results reveal a novel mechanism by which miR-296-3p negatively regulated by nicotine directly targets MK2-induced Ras/Braf/Erk/Mek/c-Myc or PI3K/AKT/c-Myc signaling to stimulate its own expression and suppress NPC cell proliferation and metastasis. miR-296-3p may thus serve as a therapeutic target to reverse chemotherapy resistance of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Deng
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qiaofen Fu
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Tongyuan Deng
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Juan Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yiyi Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Zixi Liang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Qingping Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Pediatric Otolaryngology Department, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.
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Chen Y, Jiang J, Zhao M, Luo X, Liang Z, Zhen Y, Fu Q, Deng X, Lin X, Li L, Luo R, Liu Z, Fang W. microRNA-374a suppresses colon cancer progression by directly reducing CCND1 to inactivate the PI3K/AKT pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 7:41306-41319. [PMID: 27191497 PMCID: PMC5173061 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNA-374a (miR-374a) exhibits oncogenic functions in various tumor types. Here we report that miR-374a suppresses proliferation, invasion, migration and intrahepatic metastasis in colon adenocarcinoma cell lines HCT116 and SW620. Notably, we detected that PI3K/AKT signaling and its downstream cell cycle factors including c-Myc, cyclin D1 (CCND1), CDK4 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes including ZEB1, N-cadherin, Vimentin, Slug, and Snail were all significantly downregulated after miR-374a overexpression. Conversely, cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27 were upregulated. Expression of E-cadherin was only decreased in HCT116, without any obvious differences observed in SW620 cells. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miR-374a could directly reduce CCND1. Interestingly, when CCND1 was silenced or overexpressed, levels of pPI3K, pAkt as well as cell cycle and EMT genes were respectively downregulated or upregulated. We examined miR-374a levels by in situ hybridization and its correlation with CCND1 expression in CRC tumor tissues. High miR-374a expression with low level of CCND1 was protective factor in CRC. Together these findings indicate that miR-374a inactivates the PI3K/AKT axis by inhibiting CCND1, suppressing of colon cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Chen
- Cancer Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jingwen Jiang
- Cancer Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Mengyang Zhao
- Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Luo
- Cancer Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zixi Liang
- Cancer Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yan Zhen
- Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qiaofen Fu
- Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Deng
- Cancer Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xian Lin
- Cancer Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Libo Li
- Cancer Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Rongcheng Luo
- Cancer Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Cancer Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
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42
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Klein S, Abraham M, Bulvik B, Dery E, Weiss ID, Barashi N, Abramovitch R, Wald H, Harel Y, Olam D, Weiss L, Beider K, Eizenberg O, Wald O, Galun E, Pereg Y, Peled A. CXCR4 Promotes Neuroblastoma Growth and Therapeutic Resistance through miR-15a/16-1-Mediated ERK and BCL2/Cyclin D1 Pathways. Cancer Res 2017; 78:1471-1483. [PMID: 29259008 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-0454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CXCR4 expression in neuroblastoma tumors correlates with disease severity. In this study, we describe mechanisms by which CXCR4 signaling controls neuroblastoma tumor growth and response to therapy. We found that overexpression of CXCR4 or stimulation with CXCL12 supports neuroblastoma tumorigenesis. Moreover, CXCR4 inhibition with the high-affinity CXCR4 antagonist BL-8040 prevented tumor growth and reduced survival of tumor cells. These effects were mediated by the upregulation of miR-15a/16-1, which resulted in downregulation of their target genes BCL-2 and cyclin D1, as well as inhibition of ERK. Overexpression of miR-15a/16-1 in cells increased cell death, whereas antagomirs to miR-15a/16-1 abolished the proapoptotic effects of BL-8040. CXCR4 overexpression also increased miR-15a/16-1, shifting their oncogenic dependency from the BCL-2 to the ERK signaling pathway. Overall, our results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of CXCR4 inhibition in neuroblastoma treatment and provide a rationale to test combination therapies employing CXCR4 and BCL-2 inhibitors to increase the efficacy of these agents.Significance: These results provide a mechanistic rationale for combination therapy of CXCR4 and BCL-2 inhibitors to treat a common and commonly aggressive pediatric cancer.Cancer Res; 78(6); 1471-83. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiri Klein
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | - Elia Dery
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ido D Weiss
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Neta Barashi
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rinat Abramovitch
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hanna Wald
- Biokine Therapeutics Ltd., Ness Ziona, Israel
| | - Yaniv Harel
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Devorah Olam
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lola Weiss
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Katia Beider
- Hematology Division, Chaim Sheba Medical Center and Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - Ori Wald
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eithan Galun
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Amnon Peled
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel. .,Biokine Therapeutics Ltd., Ness Ziona, Israel
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43
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Tan W, Liu B, Qu S, Liang G, Luo W, Gong C. MicroRNAs and cancer: Key paradigms in molecular therapy. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:2735-2742. [PMID: 29434998 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of small non-coding RNA molecule that performs an important role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Since miRNAs were first identified in 1993, a number of studies have demonstrated that they act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes in human cancer, including colorectal, lung, brain, breast and liver cancer, and leukemia. Large high-throughput studies have previously revealed that miRNA profiling is critical for the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with cancer, while certain miRNAs possess the potential to be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets in cancer. The present study reviews the studies and examines the roles of miRNAs in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment, and discusses the potential therapeutic modality of exploiting miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weige Tan
- Breast Tumor Center and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, P.R. China
| | - Bodu Liu
- Breast Tumor Center and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Shaohua Qu
- Breast Tumor Center and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Gehao Liang
- Breast Tumor Center and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Wei Luo
- Breast Tumor Center and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Chang Gong
- Breast Tumor Center and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
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44
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Wang K, Lai C, Gu H, Zhao L, Xia M, Yang P, Wang X. miR-194 Inhibits Innate Antiviral Immunity by Targeting FGF2 in Influenza H1N1 Virus Infection. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2187. [PMID: 29163456 PMCID: PMC5674008 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2 or basic FGF) regulates a wide range of cell biological functions including proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, differentiation, and injury repair. However, the roles of FGF2 and the underlying mechanisms of action in influenza A virus (IAV)-induced lung injury remain largely unexplored. In this study, we report that microRNA-194-5p (miR-194) expression is significantly decreased in A549 alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) following infection with IAV/Beijing/501/2009 (BJ501). We found that miR-194 can directly target FGF2, a novel antiviral regulator, to suppress FGF2 expression at the mRNA and protein levels. Overexpression of miR-194 facilitated IAV replication by negatively regulating type I interferon (IFN) production, whereas reintroduction of FGF2 abrogated the miR-194-induced effects on IAV replication. Conversely, inhibition of miR-194 alleviated IAV-induced lung injury by promoting type I IFN antiviral activities in vivo. Importantly, FGF2 activated the retinoic acid-inducible gene I signaling pathway, whereas miR-194 suppressed the phosphorylation of tank binding kinase 1 and IFN regulatory factor 3. Our findings suggest that the miR-194-FGF2 axis plays a vital role in IAV-induced lung injury, and miR-194 antagonism might be a potential therapeutic target during IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Chengcai Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lingna Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Min Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Penghui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China.,Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
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45
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Gabapentin regulates expression of FGF2 and FGFR1 in dorsal root ganglia via microRNA-15a in the arthritis rat model. J Orthop Sci 2017; 22:1112-1119. [PMID: 28877850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arthritis is an inflammatory disease with a prevalence rate of approximately 10% in China, which commonly manifests as pain. The aim of the current study was to investigate the function of gabapentin in the dorsal root ganglion in an arthritis rat model, and assess the effect of gabapentin on the expression of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and FGF receptor 1 (FGFR1). METHODS A total of 30 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following three groups: Untreated group, control group and gabapentin group. Rats in the control and the gabapentin groups were injected with Freund's complete adjuvant to induce arthritis. A total of 7 days subsequent to model establishment, the gabapentin group was administered intraperitoneally gabapentin for 8 days. The alterations in thickness of paw pad and paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) were detected, which indicated that the rats in the control and gabapentin groups presented with the symptoms of arthritis. RESULTS In the control group, the PWMT value was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), whereas the PWMT value was significantly increased in the gabapentin group. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the expression levels of FGF2 and FGFR1 were increased in the control group compared with the untreated group, while the expression levels of FGF2 and FGFR1 were reduced in the gabapentin group. Moreover, the FGF2 antagonist PD173074 partially improved the plantar thickness and PWMT of the arthritic rats. Bioinformatics analysis predicted microRNA-15a binding sites in the 3'untranslated regions (UTR) of FGF2 and FGFR1. Furthermore, the expression of microRNA-15a was reduced in the control group compared with untreated rats, whereas microRNA-15a in the gabapentin group was upregulated compared with the control. Additionally, the luciferase reporter assay confirmed that microRNA-15a could inhibit the protein expression through pairing with the 3'UTR of FGF2 and FGFR1 mRNAs. CONCLUSION Gabapentin may relieve arthritis pain and reduce the expression of FGF2 and FGFR1 in dorsal root ganglia. Furthermore, microRNA-15a may be involved in the regulatory process.
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46
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Vafaee F, Colvin EK, Mok SC, Howell VM, Samimi G. Functional prediction of long non-coding RNAs in ovarian cancer-associated fibroblasts indicate a potential role in metastasis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10374. [PMID: 28871211 PMCID: PMC5583324 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10869-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) contribute to the poor prognosis of ovarian cancer. Unlike in tumour cells, DNA mutations are rare in CAFs, raising the likelihood of other mechanisms that regulate gene expression such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). We aimed to identify lncRNAs that contribute to the tumour-promoting phenotype of CAFs. RNA expression from 67 ovarian CAF samples and 10 normal ovarian fibroblast (NOF) samples were analysed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and a functional network was constructed to predict those CAF-specific lncRNAs involved in metastasis. Of the 1,970 lncRNAs available for analysis on the gene expression array used, 39 unique lncRNAs were identified as differentially expressed in CAFs versus NOFs. The predictive power of differentially expressed lncRNAs in distinguishing CAFs from NOFs were assessed using multiple multivariate models. Interrogation of known transcription factor-lncRNA interactions, transcription factor-gene interactions and construction of a context-specific interaction network identified multiple lncRNAs predicted to play a role in metastasis. We have identified novel lncRNAs in ovarian cancer that are differentially expressed in CAFs compared to NOFs and are predicted to contribute to the metastasis-promoting phenotype of CAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Vafaee
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Emily K Colvin
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia. .,Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Samuel C Mok
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine Research, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Viive M Howell
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.,Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Goli Samimi
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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47
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Lin SC, Hsiao KY, Chang N, Hou PC, Tsai SJ. Loss of dual-specificity phosphatase-2 promotes angiogenesis and metastasis via up-regulation of interleukin-8 in colon cancer. J Pathol 2017; 241:638-648. [PMID: 28026024 DOI: 10.1002/path.4868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Dual-specificity phosphatase 2 (DUSP2) is a negative regulator of mitogen-activated protein kinases. Our previous study showed that DUSP2 expression is down-regulated in many human cancers and loss of DUSP2 promotes cancer progression; however, the underlying mechanism remains largely uncharacterized. Herein, we found that loss of DUSP2 induces angiogenesis, while forced expression of DUSP2 inhibits microvessel formation in xenografted mouse tumours. Genome-wide screening of expression profiles, and meta-analysis of clinical data, identified that the level of interleukin-8 (IL-8) correlated negatively with that of DUSP2, suggesting that it may be a downstream target of DUSP2. Molecular characterization revealed that DUSP2 inversely regulates IL-8 expression, mediated by ERK1/2 and C/EBPα-dependent transcriptional regulation. Further study showed that hypoxia-induced IL-8 expression in cancer cells is also mediated via down-regulation of DUSP2. Treatment with the IL-8 receptor inhibitor reparixin or knockdown of IL-8 in cancer cells abolished angiogenesis induced by loss of DUSP2. Functionally, knockdown of DUSP2 enhanced tumour growth and metastasis, which were abolished by treatment with reparixin or knockdown of IL-8 in an orthotopic mouse model. Taken together, our results demonstrate that hypoxia inhibits DUSP2 expression in colon cancer, leading to up-regulation of IL-8, which facilitates angiogenesis and tumour metastasis. Our findings suggest that blocking hypoxia-DUSP2-IL-8 signalling may be a plausible approach for therapeutic intervention in cancer. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chieh Lin
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Yang Hsiao
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ning Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Hou
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shaw-Jenq Tsai
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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48
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Yang Y, Jin G, Liu H, Liu K, Zhao J, Chen X, Wang D, Bai R, Li X, Jang Y, Lu J, Xing Y, Dong Z. Metformin inhibits esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-induced angiogenesis by suppressing JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:74673-74687. [PMID: 29088816 PMCID: PMC5650371 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it has been known that the tumor microenvironment affects angiogenesis, the precise mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we simulated the microenvironment of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by tumor conditioned medium (TCM) to assess the influence on normal endothelial cells (NECs). We found that the TCM-induced NECs showed enhanced angiogenic properties, such as migration, invasion and tube formation. Moreover, the TCM-induced NECs expressed tumor endothelial cells (TECs) markers at higher levels, which indicated that TCM probably promoted tumor angiogenesis by coercing NECs to change toward TECs. The microarray gene expression analysis indicated that TCM induced great changes in the genome of NECs and altered many regulatory networks, especially c-MYC and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. More importantly, we investigated the anti-angiogenic effect of metformin, and found that metformin abrogated the ESCC microenvironment-induced transition of NECs toward TECs by inhibiting JAK/STAT3/c-MYC signaling pathway. Furthermore, we verified the anti-angiogenic activity of metformin in vivo by a human ESCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model for the first time. Taken together, our research provides a novel mechanism for the anti-angiogenic effect of metformin, and sets an experimental basis for the development of new anti-angiogenic drugs by blocking the transition of NECs toward TECs, which possibly open new avenues for targeted treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China.,Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Guoguo Jin
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Hangfan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Jimin Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Xinhuan Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Dongyu Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Ruihua Bai
- Department of Pathology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Jang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Ying Xing
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China.,Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Ziming Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
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49
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Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) are confirmed as important regulators of vascular integrity, particularly in relation to angiogenesis, wound repair post-injury, and during embryogenesis. Futher, miRNAs have been implicated in EC function and proliferation. Moreover, knockdown of these miRNAs resulted in altered expressions of several important regulators of endothelial biology and angiogenesis including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and tubule formation capacity. Several miRNAs have been identified to play a role in the regulation of function, proliferation and growth of vascular ECs. These miRNAs may be important therapeutic targets in the treatment of a range of ischemic diseases, as well as in the regulation of angiogenesis during cancer and tumour progression. The present review discuss some of the important miRNAs having confirmed regulatory role in EC in connection espically with cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
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50
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Minciacchi VR, Spinelli C, Reis-Sobreiro M, Cavallini L, You S, Zandian M, Li X, Mishra R, Chiarugi P, Adam RM, Posadas EM, Viglietto G, Freeman MR, Cocucci E, Bhowmick NA, Di Vizio D. MYC Mediates Large Oncosome-Induced Fibroblast Reprogramming in Prostate Cancer. Cancer Res 2017; 77:2306-2317. [PMID: 28202510 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Communication between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment results in the modulation of complex signaling networks that facilitate tumor progression. Here, we describe a new mechanism of intercellular communication originating from large oncosomes (LO), which are cancer cell-derived, atypically large (1-10 μm) extracellular vesicles (EV). We demonstrate that, in the context of prostate cancer, LO harbor sustained AKT1 kinase activity, nominating them as active signaling platforms. Active AKT1 was detected in circulating EV from the plasma of metastatic prostate cancer patients and was LO specific. LO internalization induced reprogramming of human normal prostate fibroblasts as reflected by high levels of α-SMA, IL6, and MMP9. In turn, LO-reprogrammed normal prostate fibroblasts stimulated endothelial tube formation in vitro and promoted tumor growth in mice. Activation of stromal MYC was critical for this reprogramming and for the sustained cellular responses elicited by LO, both in vitro and in vivo in an AKT1-dependent manner. Inhibition of LO internalization prevented activation of MYC and impaired the tumor-supporting properties of fibroblasts. Overall, our data show that prostate cancer-derived LO powerfully promote establishment of a tumor-supportive environment by inducing a novel reprogramming of the stroma. This mechanism offers potential alternative options for patient treatment. Cancer Res; 77(9); 2306-17. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina R Minciacchi
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery, Biomedical Sciences and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Cristiana Spinelli
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery, Biomedical Sciences and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mariana Reis-Sobreiro
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery, Biomedical Sciences and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lorenzo Cavallini
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery, Biomedical Sciences and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sungyong You
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery, Biomedical Sciences and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mandana Zandian
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery, Biomedical Sciences and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Rajeev Mishra
- Urologic Oncology Program and Uro-Oncology Research Laboratories, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Paola Chiarugi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Rosalyn M Adam
- The Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edwin M Posadas
- Urologic Oncology Program and Uro-Oncology Research Laboratories, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Giuseppe Viglietto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michael R Freeman
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery, Biomedical Sciences and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- The Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Urologic Oncology Program and Uro-Oncology Research Laboratories, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Emanuele Cocucci
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Neil A Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dolores Di Vizio
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery, Biomedical Sciences and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
- The Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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