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Shen J, Su J, Chu X, Yu X, Gao X. DNMT3A-mediated DNA methylation and transcription inhibition of FZD5 suppresses lung carcinogenesis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29733. [PMID: 38707304 PMCID: PMC11066612 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Based on the bioinformatics prediction, this study investigates the correlation between aberrant transcription factor Frizzled 5 (FZD5) expression and the establishment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods A mouse model with regard to primary NSCLC was encouraged by intraperitoneal injection of urethane. Lentivirus-based FZD5 silencing was then administrated to examine its role in tumorigenesis in the mouse lung. Silencing of FZD5 was induced in two NSCLC cell lines to examine its function in the malignant behavior pertaining to cells in vitro. Quantitative methylation-specific PCR was employed to assess the DNA methylation level within the NSCLC cells. DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) that administer FZD5 were assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Consequently, overexpression of DNMT3A was introduced in mice and NSCLC cells to verify its regulation on FZD and its biological roles in NSCLC development. Results In NSCLC, FZD5 expression is elevated, and its knockdown reduced tumor incidence rate in the urethane-challenged mice. The FZD5 silencing also inhibited proliferation, migration, as well as invasion with regard to Calu-3 and NCI-H1299 cells in vitro. The aberrant upregulation with regard to FZD5 in NSCLC was due to at least partly by reduced promoter methylation level. DNMT3A, which bound to FZD5 promoter to suppress its transcription, was poorly expressed in NSCLC. Artificial upregulation of DNMT3A suppressed urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis in mice and suppressed the malignant phenotype pertaining to NSCLC cells in vitro. Conclusion This research demonstrates that the lack of DNA methylation level-induced activation of FZD5 is correlated with NSCLC's onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqiao Shen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Jinchen Su
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiangling Chu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Xiwen Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, China
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Casagrande N, Borghese C, Avanzo M, Aldinucci D. In Doxorubicin-Adapted Hodgkin Lymphoma Cells, Acquiring Multidrug Resistance and Improved Immunosuppressive Abilities, Doxorubicin Activity Was Enhanced by Chloroquine and GW4869. Cells 2023; 12:2732. [PMID: 38067159 PMCID: PMC10706762 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is a highly curable disease (70-80%), even though long-term toxicities, drug resistance, and predicting clinical responses to therapy are major challenges in cHL treatment. To solve these problems, we characterized two cHL cell lines with acquired resistance to doxorubicin, KM-H2dx and HDLM-2dx (HRSdx), generated from KM-H2 and HDLM-2 cells, respectively. HRSdx cells developed cross-resistance to vinblastine, bendamustin, cisplatin, dacarbazine, gemcitabine, brentuximab vedotin (BV), and γ-radiation. Both HDLM-2 and HDLM-2dx cells had intrinsic resistance to BV but not to the drug MMAE. HDLM-2dx acquired cross-resistance to caelyx. HRSdx cells had in common decreased CD71, CD80, CD54, cyt-ROS, HLA-DR, DDR1, and CD44; increased Bcl-2, CD58, COX2, CD26, CCR5, and invasive capability; increased CCL5, TARC, PGE2, and TGF-β; and the capability of hijacking monocytes. In HRSdx cells less sensitive to DNA damage and oxidative stress, the efflux drug transporters MDR1 and MRP1 were not up-regulated, and doxorubicin accumulated in the cytoplasm rather than in the nucleus. Both the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine and extracellular vesicle (EV) release inhibitor GW4869 enhanced doxorubicin activity and counteracted doxorubicin resistance. In conclusion, this study identifies common modulated antigens in HRSdx cells, the associated cross-resistance patterns, and new potential therapeutic options to enhance doxorubicin activity and overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naike Casagrande
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (C.B.); (D.A.)
| | - Cinzia Borghese
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (C.B.); (D.A.)
| | - Michele Avanzo
- Department of Medical Physics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy;
| | - Donatella Aldinucci
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (C.B.); (D.A.)
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Soh PXY, Khatkar MS, Williamson P. Lymphoma in Border Collies: Genome-Wide Association and Pedigree Analysis. Vet Sci 2023; 10:581. [PMID: 37756103 PMCID: PMC10536503 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10090581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been considerable interest in studying cancer in dogs and its potential as a model system for humans. One area of research has been the search for genetic risk variants in canine lymphoma, which is amongst the most common canine cancers. Previous studies have focused on a limited number of breeds, but none have included Border Collies. The aims of this study were to identify relationships between Border Collie lymphoma cases through an extensive pedigree investigation and to utilise relationship information to conduct genome-wide association study (GWAS) analyses to identify risk regions associated with lymphoma. The expanded pedigree analysis included 83,000 Border Collies, with 71 identified lymphoma cases. The analysis identified affected close relatives, and a common ancestor was identified for 54 cases. For the genomic study, a GWAS was designed to incorporate lymphoma cases, putative "carriers", and controls. A case-control GWAS was also conducted as a comparison. Both analyses showed significant SNPs in regions on chromosomes 18 and 27. Putative top candidate genes from these regions included DLA-79, WNT10B, LMBR1L, KMT2D, and CCNT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Xing Yi Soh
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Mehar Singh Khatkar
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
| | - Peter Williamson
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
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Santos JC, Profitós-Pelejà N, Sánchez-Vinces S, Roué G. RHOA Therapeutic Targeting in Hematological Cancers. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030433. [PMID: 36766776 PMCID: PMC9914237 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Primarily identified as an important regulator of cytoskeletal dynamics, the small GTPase Ras homolog gene family member A (RHOA) has been implicated in the transduction of signals regulating a broad range of cellular functions such as cell survival, migration, adhesion and proliferation. Deregulated activity of RHOA has been linked to the growth, progression and metastasis of various cancer types. Recent cancer genome-wide sequencing studies have unveiled both RHOA gain and loss-of-function mutations in primary leukemia/lymphoma, suggesting that this GTPase may exert tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressive functions depending on the cellular context. Based on these observations, RHOA signaling represents an attractive therapeutic target for the development of selective anticancer strategies. In this review, we will summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying RHOA GTPase functions in immune regulation and in the development of hematological neoplasms and will discuss the current strategies aimed at modulating RHOA functions in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Carvalho Santos
- Lymphoma Translational Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Núria Profitós-Pelejà
- Lymphoma Translational Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Salvador Sánchez-Vinces
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista 01246-100, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gaël Roué
- Lymphoma Translational Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-935572835
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Nulali J, Zhan M, Zhang K, Tu P, Liu Y, Song H. Osteoglycin: An ECM Factor Regulating Fibrosis and Tumorigenesis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1674. [PMID: 36421687 PMCID: PMC9687868 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is made up of noncellular components that have special properties for influencing cell behavior and tissue structure. Small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) are nonfibrillar ECM components that serve as structural scaffolds and signaling molecules. osteoglycin (OGN), a class III SLRP, is a ubiquitous ECM component that not only helps to organize the extracellular matrix but also regulates a number of important biological processes. As a glycosylated protein in the ECM, OGN was originally considered to be involved in fiber assembly and was reported to have a connection with fibrosis. In addition to these functions, OGN is found in a variety of cancer tissues and is implicated in cellular processes linked to tumorigenesis, including cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this review, we summarize the structure and functions of OGN as well as its biological and clinical importance in the context of fibrotic illness and tumorigenesis. This review aims to improve our understanding of OGN and provide some new strategies for the treatment of fibrosis and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayida Nulali
- The Core Laboratory in Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ming Zhan
- The Core Laboratory in Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Kaiwen Zhang
- The Core Laboratory in Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Pinghui Tu
- The Core Laboratory in Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Respiration, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Huaidong Song
- The Core Laboratory in Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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WNT5A in tumor development and progression: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113599. [PMID: 36089446 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The investigation of tumor microenvironment (TME) is essential to better characterize the complex cellular crosstalk and to identify important immunological phenotypes and biomarkers. The niche is a crucial contributor to neoplasm initiation, maintenance and progression. Therefore, a deeper analysis of tumor surroundings could improve cancer diagnosis, prognosis and assertive treatment. Thus, the WNT family exerts a critical action in tumorigenesis of different types of neoplasms due to dysregulations in the TME. WNT5A, an evolutionary WNT member, is involved in several cellular and physiopathological processes, in addition to tissue homeostasis. The WNT5A protein exerts paradoxical effects while acting as both an oncogene or tumor suppressor by regulating several non-canonical signaling pathways, and consequently interfering in cell growth, cytoskeletal remodeling, migration and invasiveness. This review focuses on a thorough characterization of the role of WNT5A in neoplastic transformation and progression, which may help to understand the prognostic potentiality of WNT5A and its features as a therapeutic target in several cancers. Additionally, we herein summarized novel findings on the mechanisms by which WNT5A might favor tumorigenesis or suppression of cancer progression and discussed the recently developed treatment strategies using WNT5A as a protagonist.
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Casagrande N, Borghese C, Aldinucci D. Current and Emerging Approaches to Study Microenvironmental Interactions and Drug Activity in Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102427. [PMID: 35626032 PMCID: PMC9139207 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL), the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in tumor progression and treatment response, making its evaluation critical for determining prognosis, treatment strategies and predicting an increase in drug toxicity. Therefore, there is a need to utilize more complex systems to study the cHL-TME and its interplay with tumor cells. To evaluate new anticancer drugs and to find the mechanisms of drug resistance, this review summarizes emerging approaches for the analysis of the TME composition and to identify the state of the disease; the in vitro techniques used to determine the mechanisms involved in the building of an immunosuppressive and protective TME; new 3-dimensional (3D) models, the heterospheroids (HS), developed to mimic TME interactions. Here, we describe the present and likely future clinical applications indicated by the results of these studies and propose a classification for the in vitro culture methods used to study TME interactions in cHL. Abstract Classic Hodgkin lymphoma is characterized by a few tumor cells surrounded by a protective and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) composed by a wide variety of noncancerous cells that are an active part of the disease. Therefore, new techniques to study the cHL-TME and new therapeutic strategies targeting specifically tumor cells, reactivating the antitumor immunity, counteracting the protective effects of the TME, were developed. Here, we describe new methods used to study the cell composition, the phenotype, and the spatial distribution of Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg (HRS) cells and of noncancerous cells in tumor tissues. Moreover, we propose a classification, with increasing complexity, of the in vitro functional studies used to clarify the interactions leading not only to HRS cell survival, growth and drug resistance, but also to the immunosuppressive tumor education of monocytes, T lymphocytes and fibroblasts. This classification also includes new 3-dimensional (3D) models, obtained by cultivating HRS cells in extracellular matrix scaffolds or in sponge scaffolds, under non-adherent conditions with noncancerous cells to form heterospheroids (HS), implanted in developing chick eggs (ovo model). We report results obtained with these approaches and their applications in clinical setting.
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Nestler T, Dalvi P, Haidl F, Wittersheim M, von Brandenstein M, Paffenholz P, Wagener-Ryczek S, Pfister D, Koitzsch U, Hellmich M, Buettner R, Odenthal M, Heidenreich A. Transcriptome analysis reveals upregulation of immune response pathways at the invasive tumour front of metastatic seminoma germ cell tumours. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:937-947. [PMID: 35022523 PMCID: PMC8927344 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01621-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Testicular germ cell tumours (TGCTs) have a high metastasis rate. However, the mechanisms related to their invasion, progression and metastasis are unclear. Therefore, we investigated gene expression changes that might be linked to metastasis in seminomatous testicular germ cell tumour (STGCT) patients. Methods Defined areas [invasive tumour front (TF) and tumour centre (TC)] of non-metastatic (with surveillance and recurrence-free follow-up >2 years) and metastatic STGCTs were collected separately using laser capture microdissection. The expression of 760 genes related to tumour progression and metastasis was analysed using nCounter technology and validated with quantitative real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Distinct gene expression patterns were observed in metastatic and non-metastatic seminomas with respect to both the TF and TC. Comprehensive pathway analysis showed enrichment of genes related to tumour functions such as inflammation, angiogenesis and metabolism at the TF compared to the TC. Remarkably, prominent inflammatory and cancer-related pathways, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) signalling, integrin signalling and nuclear factor-κB signalling, were significantly upregulated in the TF of metastatic vs non-metastatic tumours. Conclusions IL-6 signalling was the most significantly upregulated pathway in metastatic vs non-metastatic tumours and therefore could constitute a therapeutic target for future personalised therapy. In addition, this is the first study showing intra- and inter-tumour heterogeneity in STGCT.
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Hartmann S, Scharf S, Steiner Y, Loth AG, Donnadieu E, Flinner N, Poeschel V, Angel S, Bewarder M, Bein J, Brunnberg U, Bozzato A, Schick B, Stilgenbauer S, Bohle RM, Thurner L, Hansmann ML. Landscape of 4D Cell Interaction in Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205208. [PMID: 34680356 PMCID: PMC8534096 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Little is known about the motility and interaction of primary human lymphoma cells in lymph nodes. The aim of this study therefore was to analyze for the first time if there are differences in motility and interaction with bystander cells between different lymphoma types and normal lymph nodes. We observed systematic differences between B cells and PD1-positive T cells. Furthermore, most cases of Hodgkin lymphomas had fast moving PD1-positive T cells, whereas there was little movement in other lymphoma types. Some lymphomas, particularly Hodgkin lymphomas, presented enhanced cell contacts between neoplastic and reactive cells, suggesting a dependency of lymphoma growth on cellular interaction. Abstract Profound knowledge exists about the clinical, morphologic, genomic, and transcriptomic characteristics of most lymphoma entities. However, information is currently lacking on the dynamic behavior of malignant lymphomas. This pilot study aimed to gain insight into the motility of malignant lymphomas and bystander cells in 20 human lymph nodes. Generally, B cells were faster under reactive conditions compared with B cells in malignant lymphomas. In contrast, PD1-positive T cells did not show systematic differences in velocity between reactive and neoplastic conditions in general. However, lymphomas could be divided into two groups: one with fast PD1-positive T cells (e.g., Hodgkin lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma; means 8.4 and 7.8 µm/min) and another with slower PD1-positive T cells (e.g., mediastinal grey zone lymphoma; mean 3.5 µm/min). Although the number of contacts between lymphoma cells and PD1-positive T cells was similar in different lymphoma types, important differences were observed in the duration of these contacts. Among the lymphomas with fast PD1-positive T cells, contacts were particularly short in mantle cell lymphoma (mean 54 s), whereas nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma presented prolonged contact times (mean 6.1 min). Short contact times in mantle cell lymphoma were associated with the largest spatial displacement of PD1-positive cells (mean 12.3 µm). Although PD1-positive T cells in nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma were fast, they remained in close contact with the lymphoma cells, in line with a dynamic immunological synapse. This pilot study shows for the first time systematic differences in the dynamic behavior of lymphoma and bystander cells between different lymphoma types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Hartmann
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Y.S.); (N.F.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-69-6301-4284
| | - Sonja Scharf
- Frankfurt Institute of Advanced Studies, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (S.S.); (M.-L.H.)
- Molecular Bioinformatics, Institute of Computer Science, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Robert-Mayer-Straße 11-15, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yvonne Steiner
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Y.S.); (N.F.); (J.B.)
| | - Andreas G. Loth
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Emmanuel Donnadieu
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016/CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France;
| | - Nadine Flinner
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Y.S.); (N.F.); (J.B.)
- Frankfurt Institute of Advanced Studies, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (S.S.); (M.-L.H.)
| | - Viola Poeschel
- Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical School, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (V.P.); (S.A.); (M.B.); (S.S.); (L.T.)
| | - Stephanie Angel
- Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical School, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (V.P.); (S.A.); (M.B.); (S.S.); (L.T.)
| | - Moritz Bewarder
- Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical School, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (V.P.); (S.A.); (M.B.); (S.S.); (L.T.)
| | - Julia Bein
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Y.S.); (N.F.); (J.B.)
| | - Uta Brunnberg
- Department of Internal Medicine 2, Goethe University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Alessandro Bozzato
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.B.); (B.S.)
| | - Bernhard Schick
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.B.); (B.S.)
| | - Stephan Stilgenbauer
- Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical School, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (V.P.); (S.A.); (M.B.); (S.S.); (L.T.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm (CCCU), University Hospital Ulm, 89070 Ulm, Germany
| | - Rainer M. Bohle
- Institute of Pathology, Saarland University Medical School, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Lorenz Thurner
- Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical School, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (V.P.); (S.A.); (M.B.); (S.S.); (L.T.)
- José Carreras Center for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, Saarland University Medical School, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Martin-Leo Hansmann
- Frankfurt Institute of Advanced Studies, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (S.S.); (M.-L.H.)
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Nienhüser H, Kim W, Malagola E, Ruan T, Valenti G, Middelhoff M, Bass A, Der CJ, Hayakawa Y, Wang TC. Mist1+ gastric isthmus stem cells are regulated by Wnt5a and expand in response to injury and inflammation in mice. Gut 2021; 70:654-665. [PMID: 32709613 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The gastric epithelium undergoes continuous turnover. Corpus epithelial stem cells located in the gastric isthmus serve as a source of tissue self-renewal. We recently identified the transcription factor Mist1 as a marker for this corpus stem cell population that can give rise to cancer. The aim here was to investigate the regulation of the Mist1+ stem cells in the response to gastric injury and inflammation. METHODS We used Mist1CreERT;R26-Tdtomato mice in two models of injury and inflammation: the acetic acid-induced ulcer and infection with Helicobacter felis. We analysed lineage tracing at both early (7 to 30 days) and late (30 to 90 days) time points. Mist1CreERT;R26-Tdtomato;Lgr5DTR-eGFP mice were used to ablate the corpus basal Lgr5+ cell population. Constitutional and conditional Wnt5a knockout mice were used to investigate the role of Wnt5a in wound repair and lineage tracing from the Mist1+ stem cells. RESULTS In both models of gastric injury, Mist1+ isthmus stem cells more rapidly proliferate and trace entire gastric glands compared with the normal state. In regenerating tissue, the number of traced gastric chief cells was significantly reduced, and ablation of Lgr5+ chief cells did not affect Mist1-derived lineage tracing and tissue regeneration. Genetic deletion of Wnt5a impaired proliferation in the gastric isthmus and lineage tracing from Mist1+ stem cells. Similarly, depletion of innate lymphoid cells, the main source of Wnt5a, also resulted in reduced proliferation and Mist1+ isthmus cell tracing. CONCLUSION Gastric Mist1+ isthmus cells are the main supplier of regenerated glands and are activated in part through Wnt5a pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Nienhüser
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Woosook Kim
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ermanno Malagola
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tuo Ruan
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Giovanni Valenti
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Moritz Middelhoff
- Klinik und Poliklinik fur Innere Medizin II Gastroenterologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat Munchen, Munchen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Adam Bass
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Channing J Der
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yoku Hayakawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
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Zhou W, Mei J, Gu D, Xu J, Wang R, Wang H, Liu C. Wnt5a: A promising therapeutic target in ovarian cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 219:153348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Dong D, Na L, Zhou K, Wang Z, Sun Y, Zheng Q, Gao J, Zhao C, Wang W. FZD5 prevents epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:21. [PMID: 33618713 PMCID: PMC7898745 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00708-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Frizzled (FZD) proteins function as receptors for WNT ligands. Members in FZD family including FZD2, FZD4, FZD7, FZD8 and FZD10 have been demonstrated to mediate cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Methods CCLE and TCGA databases were interrogated to reveal the association of FZD5 with EMT. EMT was analyzed by investigating the alterations in CDH1 (E-cadherin), VIM (Vimentin) and ZEB1 expression, cell migration and cell morphology. Transcriptional modulation was determined by ChIP in combination with Real-time PCR. Survival was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier method. Results In contrast to other FZDs, FZD5 was identified to prevent EMT in gastric cancer. FZD5 maintains epithelial-like phenotype and is negatively modulated by transcription factors SNAI2 and TEAD1. Epithelial-specific factor ELF3 is a downstream effecter, and protein kinase C (PKC) links FZD5 to ELF3. ELF3 represses ZEB1 expression, further guarding against EMT. Moreover, FZD5 signaling requires its co-receptor LRP5 and WNT7B is a putative ligand for FZD5. FZD5 and ELF3 are associated with longer survival, whereas SNAI2 and TEAD1 are associated with shorter survival. Conclusions Taken together, FZD5-ELF3 signaling blocks EMT, and plays a potential tumor-suppressing role in gastric cancer. ![]()
Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Na
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Kailing Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Zheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Gao
- Center of Laboratory Technology and Experimental Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenghai Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
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Sun Y, Wang Z, Na L, Dong D, Wang W, Zhao C. FZD5 contributes to TNBC proliferation, DNA damage repair and stemness. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:1060. [PMID: 33311446 PMCID: PMC7733599 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03282-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy currently remains the standard treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, TNBC frequently develop chemoresistance, which is responsible for cancer recurrence and distal metastasis. Both DNA damage repair and stemness are related to chemoresistance. FZD5, a member in Frizzled family, was identified to be preferentially expressed in TNBC, and associated with unfavorable prognosis. Loss and gain of function studies revealed that FZD5 contributed to TNBC cell G1/S transition, DNA replication, DNA damage repair, survival, and stemness. Mechanistically, transcription factor FOXM1, which promoted BRCA1 and BIRC5 transcription, acted as a downstream effecter of FZD5 signaling. FOXM1 overexpression in FZD5-deficient/low TNBC cells induced FZD5-associated phenotype. Finally, Wnt7B, a specific ligand for FZD5, was shown to be involved in cell proliferation, DNA damage repair, and stemness. Taken together, FZD5 is a novel target for the development of therapeutic strategies to overcome chemoresistance and prevent recurrence in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Na
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Chenghai Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Janovská P, Normant E, Miskin H, Bryja V. Targeting Casein Kinase 1 (CK1) in Hematological Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9026. [PMID: 33261128 PMCID: PMC7730698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The casein kinase 1 enzymes (CK1) form a family of serine/threonine kinases with seven CK1 isoforms identified in humans. The most important substrates of CK1 kinases are proteins that act in the regulatory nodes essential for tumorigenesis of hematological malignancies. Among those, the most important are the functions of CK1s in the regulation of Wnt pathways, cell proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy. In this review we summarize the recent developments in the understanding of biology and therapeutic potential of the inhibition of CK1 isoforms in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), other non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and multiple myeloma (MM). CK1δ/ε inhibitors block CLL development in preclinical models via inhibition of WNT-5A/ROR1-driven non-canonical Wnt pathway. While no selective CK1 inhibitors have reached clinical stage to date, one dual PI3Kδ and CK1ε inhibitor, umbralisib, is currently in clinical trials for CLL and NHL patients. In MDS, AML and MM, inhibition of CK1α, acting via activation of p53 pathway, showed promising preclinical activities and the first CK1α inhibitor has now entered the clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlína Janovská
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | | | - Hari Miskin
- TG Therapeutics, New York, NY 10014, USA; (E.N.); (H.M.)
| | - Vítězslav Bryja
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
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15
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Rodriguez-Trillo A, Mosquera N, Pena C, Rivas-Tobío F, Mera-Varela A, Gonzalez A, Conde C. Non-Canonical WNT5A Signaling Through RYK Contributes to Aggressive Phenotype of the Rheumatoid Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes. Front Immunol 2020; 11:555245. [PMID: 33178184 PMCID: PMC7593687 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.555245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that WNT5A could contribute to the enhanced migration and invasiveness of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA FLS), which is one of the incompletely understood aspects of the RA FLS aggressive phenotype. This hypothesis is based on the previous evidence of a WNT5A role in both, RA and cell migration. Migration and invasion of RA FLS were assessed after incubation with recombinant Wnt5a (rWnt5a) or silencing of the endogenous WNT5A expression. The expression of WNT5A, WNT receptors, cytokines, chemokines, and metalloproteinases was quantified with RT-PCR. The WNT pathway was explored with gene silencing, antibody and pharmacological inhibition followed by migration assays and phosphoprotein western blots. Here, we reported that rWnt5a promoted migration and invasion of RA FLS, whereas knockdown of the endogenous WNT5A reduced them. These effects were specific to the RA FLS since they were not observed in FLS from osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Also, rWnt5a induced the expression of IL6, IL8, CCL2, CXCL5, MMP1, MMP3, MMP9, and MMP13 from baseline or potentiating the TNF induction, WNT5A signaling required the RYK receptor and was mediated through the WNT/Ca2+ and the ROCK pathway. These pathways involved the RYK and ROCK dependent activation of the p38, ERK, AKT, and GSK3β kinases, but not the activation of JNK. Together these findings indicate that WNT5A contributes to the enhanced migration and invasiveness of RA FLS through RYK and the specific activation of ROCK and downstream kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Rodriguez-Trillo
- Laboratorio de Reumatología Experimental y Observacional, y Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Nerea Mosquera
- Laboratorio de Reumatología Experimental y Observacional, y Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Pena
- Laboratorio de Reumatología Experimental y Observacional, y Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fatima Rivas-Tobío
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Virxe da Xunqueira, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Antonio Mera-Varela
- Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antonio Gonzalez
- Laboratorio de Reumatología Experimental y Observacional, y Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Conde
- Laboratorio de Reumatología Experimental y Observacional, y Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Sun Y, Wang W, Zhao C. Frizzled Receptors in Tumors, Focusing on Signaling, Roles, Modulation Mechanisms, and Targeted Therapies. Oncol Res 2020; 28:661-674. [PMID: 32998794 PMCID: PMC7962935 DOI: 10.3727/096504020x16014648664459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt molecules play crucial roles in development and adult homeostasis through their receptors Frizzled proteins (Fzds). Fzds mediate canonical β-catenin pathway and various noncanonical β-catenin-independent pathways. Aberrant Fzd signaling is involved in many diseases including cancer. Wnt/β-catenin is a well-established oncogenic pathway involved in almost every aspect of tumor development. However, Fzd-mediated noncanonical Wnt pathways function as both tumor promoters and tumor suppressors depending on cellular context. Fzd-targeted therapies have proven to be effective on cultured tumor cells, tumor cell xenografts, mouse tumor models, and patient-derived xenografts (PDX). Moreover, Fzd-targeted therapies synergize with chemotherapy in preclinical models. However, the occurrence of fragility fractures in patients treated with Fzd-targeted agents such as OMP-54F28 and OMP-18R5 limits the development of this combination. Along with new insights on signaling, roles, and modulation mechanisms of Fzds in human tumors, more Fzd-related therapeutic targets will be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical UniversityShenyangP.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical UniversityShenyangP.R. China
| | - Chenghai Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical UniversityShenyangP.R. China
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Garcia-Fossa F, Gaal V, de Jesus MB. PyScratch: An ease of use tool for analysis of scratch assays. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 193:105476. [PMID: 32302889 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Image acquisition has greatly benefited from the automation of microscopes and has been followed by an increasing amount and complexity of data acquired. Here, we present the PyScratch, a new tool for processing spatial and temporal information from scratch assays. PyScratch is an open-source software implemented in Python that analyses the migration area in an automated fashion. METHODS The software was developed in Python. Wound healing assays were used to validate its performance. The images were acquired using Cytation 5™ during 60 h. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA. RESULTS PyScratch performed a robust analysis of confluent cells, showing that high plating density affects cell migration. Additionally, PyScratch was approximately six times faster than a semi-automated analysis. CONCLUSIONS PyScratch offers a user-friendly interface allowing researches with little or no programming skills to perform quantitative analysis of in vitro scratch assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Garcia-Fossa
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Vladimir Gaal
- Applied Physics Department, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Bispo de Jesus
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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18
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Shi S, Li H. Overexpressed microRNA-140 inhibits pulmonary fibrosis in interstitial lung disease via the Wnt signaling pathway by downregulating osteoglycin. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C895-C905. [PMID: 32755451 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00479.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) comprises of a group of diffuse parenchymal lung disorders that are strongly associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have highlighted the therapeutic significance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the treatment of ILD. Thus this study aims to investigate the mechanism by which miR-140 affects ILD through the regulation of osteoglycin (OGN)-Wnt signaling pathway. Gene expression microarray analysis was performed to screen ILD-related differentially expressed genes and miRNAs that regulated OGN. The targeting relationship between miR-140 and OGN was verified. Ectopic expression and knockdown experiments were performed in lung fibroblasts to explore the potential mechanism of action of miR-140 in ILD. The expression of miR-140, OGN, as well as Wnt- and pulmonary fibrosis-related factors, was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. In addition, cell viability and apoptosis were examined. OGN was found to be negatively regulated by miR-140. The ectopic expression of miR-140 and OGN silencing resulted in increased lung fibroblast apoptosis and Wnt3a expression, along with reduced proliferation and pulmonary fibrosis. Our results also revealed that miR-140 decreased OGN, thereby activating the Wnt signaling pathway, which was observed to further affect the expression of genes associated with the progression of pulmonary fibrosis in mouse fibroblasts. In conclusion, the key findings from our study suggest that overexpressed miR-140 suppresses ILD development via the Wnt signaling pathway by downregulating OGN, which could potentially be used as a therapeutic target for ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Shi
- Department of Chest Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Li
- Operation Room, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, People's Republic of China
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19
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Chen X, Lai NCH, Wei K, Li R, Cui M, Yang B, Wong SHD, Deng Y, Li J, Shuai X, Bian L. Biomimetic Presentation of Cryptic Ligands via Single-Chain Nanogels for Synergistic Regulation of Stem Cells. ACS NANO 2020; 14:4027-4035. [PMID: 32223215 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b08564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic controlling the nanoscale presentation of synergistic ligands to stem cells by biomimetic single-chain materials can provide critical insights to understand the molecular crosstalk underlying cells and their extracellular matrix. Here, a stimuli-responsive single-chain macromolecular nanoregulator with conformational dynamics is fabricated based on an advanced scale-up single polymeric chain nanogel (SCNG). Such a carefully designed SCNG is capable of mediating a triggered copresentation of the master and cryptic ligands in a single molecule to elicit the synergistic crosstalk between different intracellular signaling pathways, thereby considerably boosting the bioactivity of the presented ligands. This controllable nanoswitching-on of cell-adhesive ligands' presentation allows the regulation of cell adhesion and fate from molecular scale. The modular nature of this synthetic macromolecular nanoregulator makes it a versatile nanomaterial platform to assist basic and fundamental studies in a wide array of research topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Nathanael Chun-Him Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Kongchang Wei
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Miao Cui
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Boguang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Siu Hong Dexter Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Yingrui Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Jiashen Li
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Xintao Shuai
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Liming Bian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P.R. China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
- Centre for Novel Biomaterials, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P.R. China
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Goncharova O, Flinner N, Bein J, Döring C, Donnadieu E, Rikirsch S, Herling M, Küppers R, Hansmann ML, Hartmann S. Migration Properties Distinguish Tumor Cells of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma from Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101484. [PMID: 31581676 PMCID: PMC6827161 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) are lymphomas that contain CD30-expressing tumor cells and have numerous pathological similarities. Whereas ALCL is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, cHL more frequently presents with localized disease. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the different clinical presentation of ALCL and cHL. Chemokine and chemokine receptor expression were similar in primary ALCL and cHL cases apart from the known overexpression of the chemokines CCL17 and CCL22 in the Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells of cHL. Consistent with the overexpression of these chemokines, primary cHL cases encountered a significantly denser T cell microenvironment than ALCL. Additionally to differences in the interaction with their microenvironment, cHL cell lines presented a lower and less efficient intrinsic cell motility than ALCL cell lines, as assessed by time-lapse microscopy in a collagen gel and transwell migration assays. We thus propose that the combination of impaired basal cell motility and differences in the interaction with the microenvironment hamper the dissemination of HRS cells in cHL when compared with the tumor cells of ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Goncharova
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Nadine Flinner
- Institute of Informatics/Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Julia Bein
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Claudia Döring
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Emmanuel Donnadieu
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS, UMR8104 and Université Paris Descartes, F-75014 Paris, France.
| | - Sandy Rikirsch
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Marco Herling
- The Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signaling and Oncoproteome, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Duesseldorf, CECAD and CMMC, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Ralf Küppers
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | - Martin-Leo Hansmann
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Reference and Consultant Center for Lymph Node and Lymphoma diagnostics, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
- Frankfurt Institute of Advanced Studies, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Sylvia Hartmann
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Reference and Consultant Center for Lymph Node and Lymphoma diagnostics, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
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Development of A New Mouse Model for Intrahepatic Cholangiocellular Carcinoma: Accelerating Functions of Pecam-1. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081045. [PMID: 31344919 PMCID: PMC6721446 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the lack of suitable in-vivo models, the etiology of intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (ICC) is poorly understood. We previously showed the involvement of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (Pecam-1/CD31) in acute liver damage. Here, we developed a model of ICC using thioacetamide (TAA) in drinking water of wild-type (WT)-mice and Pecam-1-knock-out (KO)-mice. Gross inspection and microscopy revealed liver-cirrhosis and ICC in both groups after 22 weeks of TAA. The severity of cirrhosis and ICC (Ck-19-positive) was reduced in Pecam-1 KO mice (stage-4 cirrhosis in WT vs. stage-3 in KO mice). Tumor networks (accompanied by neutrophils) were predominantly located in portal areas, with signs of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In serum, TAA induced an increase in hepatic damage markers, with lower levels in Pecam-1 null mice. With qPCR of liver, elevated expression of Pecam-1 mRNA was noted in WT mice, in addition to Icam-1, EpCam, cytokines, cMyc, and Mmp2. Thereby, levels of EpCAM, cytokines, cMyc, and Mmp2 were significantly lower in Pecam-1 null mice. Lipocalin-2 and Ccl5 were elevated significantly in both WT and Pecam-1 null mice after TAA administration. Also, EMT marker Wnt5a (not Twist-1) was increased in both groups after TAA. We present a highly reproducible mouse model for ICC and show protective effects of Pecam-1 deficiency.
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Lutze G, Haarmann A, Demanou Toukam JA, Buttler K, Wilting J, Becker J. Non-canonical WNT-signaling controls differentiation of lymphatics and extension lymphangiogenesis via RAC and JNK signaling. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4739. [PMID: 30894622 PMCID: PMC6426866 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41299-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of lymphatics takes place during embryogenesis, wound healing, inflammation, and cancer. We previously showed that Wnt5a is an essential regulator of lymphatic development in the dermis of mice, however, the mechanisms of action remained unclear. Here, whole-mount immunostaining shows that embryonic day (ED) 18.5 Wnt5a-null mice possess non-functional, cyst-like and often blood-filled lymphatics, in contrast to slender, interconnected lymphatic networks of Wnt5a+/- and wild-type (wt) mice. We then compared lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) proliferation during ED 12.5, 14.5, 16.5 and 18.5 between Wnt5a-/-, Wnt5a+/- and wt-mice. We did not observe any differences, clearly showing that Wnt5a acts independently of proliferation. Transmission electron microscopy revealed multiple defects of LECs in Wnt5a-null mice, such as malformed inter-endothelial junctions, ruffled cell membrane, intra-luminal bulging of nuclei and cytoplasmic processes. Application of WNT5A protein to ex vivo cultures of dorsal thoracic dermis from ED 15.5 Wnt5a-null mice induced flow-independent development of slender, elongated lymphatic networks after 2 days, in contrast to controls showing an immature lymphatic plexus. Reversely, the application of the WNT-secretion inhibitor LGK974 on ED 15.5 wt-mouse dermis significantly prevented lymphatic network elongation. Correspondingly, tube formation assays with human dermal LECs in vitro revealed increased tube length after WNT5A application. To study the intracellular signaling of WNT5A we used LEC scratch assays. Thereby, inhibition of autocrine WNTs suppressed horizontal migration, whereas application of WNT5A to inhibitor-treated LECs promoted migration. Inhibition of the RHO-GTPase RAC, or the c-Jun N-terminal kinase JNK significantly reduced migration, whereas inhibitors of the protein kinase ROCK did not. WNT5A induced transient phosphorylation of JNK in LECs, which could be inhibited by RAC- and JNK-inhibitors. Our data show that WNT5A induces formation of elongated lymphatic networks through proliferation-independent WNT-signaling via RAC and JNK. Non-canonical WNT-signaling is a major mechanism of extension lymphangiogenesis, and also controls differentiation of lymphatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grit Lutze
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical School Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anna Haarmann
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical School Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jules A Demanou Toukam
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical School Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Buttler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical School Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Wilting
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical School Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Becker
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical School Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Edginton-White B, Cauchy P, Assi SA, Hartmann S, Riggs AG, Mathas S, Cockerill PN, Bonifer C. Global long terminal repeat activation participates in establishing the unique gene expression programme of classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Leukemia 2018; 33:1463-1474. [PMID: 30546079 PMCID: PMC6558280 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Long terminal repeat (LTR) elements are wide-spread in the human genome and have the potential to act as promoters and enhancers. Their expression is therefore under tight epigenetic control. We previously reported in classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) that a member of the THE1B class of LTR elements acted as a promoter for the proto-oncogene and growth factor receptor gene CSF1R and that expression of this gene is required for cHL tumour survival. However, to which extent and how such elements participate in globally shaping the unique cHL gene expression programme is unknown. To address this question we mapped the genome-wide activation of THE1-LTRs in cHL cells using a targeted next generation sequencing approach (RACE-Seq). Integration of these data with global gene expression data from cHL and control B cell lines showed a unique pattern of LTR activation impacting on gene expression, including genes associated with the cHL phenotype. We also show that global LTR activation is induced by strong inflammatory stimuli. Together these results demonstrate that LTR activation provides an additional layer of gene deregulation in classical Hodgkin lymphoma and highlight the potential impact of genome-wide LTR activation in other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Edginton-White
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham, B152TT, UK
| | - Pierre Cauchy
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham, B152TT, UK.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Salam A Assi
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham, B152TT, UK
| | - Sylvia Hartmann
- Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Arthur G Riggs
- Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Stephan Mathas
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter N Cockerill
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham, B152TT, UK
| | - Constanze Bonifer
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham, B152TT, UK.
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24
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Hjort MA, Hov H, Abdollahi P, Vandsemb EN, Fagerli UM, Lund B, Slørdahl TS, Børset M, Rø TB. Phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 (PRL-3) is overexpressed in classical Hodgkin lymphoma and promotes survival and migration. Exp Hematol Oncol 2018; 7:8. [PMID: 29651360 PMCID: PMC5894150 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-018-0100-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 (PRL-3) is implicated in oncogenesis of hematological and solid cancers. PRL-3 expression increases metastatic potential, invasiveness and is associated with poor prognosis. With this study, we aimed to show a possible oncogenic role of PRL-3 in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Methods PRL-3 expression was measured in 25 cHL patients by immunohistochemistry and gene expression was analyzed from microdissected malignant cells. We knocked down PRL-3 in the cHL cell lines L1236 and HDLM2 and used small molecular inhibitors against PRL-3 to investigate proliferation, migration and cytokine production. Results PRL-3 protein was expressed in 16% of patient samples. In three different gene expression datasets, PRL-3 was significantly overexpressed compared to normal controls. PRL-3 knockdown reduced proliferation, viability and Mcl-1 expression in L1236, but not in HDLM2 cells. Thienopyridone, a small molecule inhibitor of PRL-3, reduced proliferation of both L1236 and HDLM2. PRL-3 affected IL-13 secretion and enhanced STAT6 signaling. IL-13 stimulation partially rescued proliferation in L1236 cells after knockdown of PRL-3. PRL-3 knockdown reduced migration in both L1236 and HDLM2 cells. Conclusion PRL-3 was overexpressed in a subset of cHL patients. Inhibition of PRL-3 increased IL-13 cytokine production and reduced migration, proliferation and viability. The effects could be mediated through regulation of the anti-apoptotic molecule Mcl-1 and a feedback loop of IL-13 mediated activation of STAT6. This point to a role for PRL-3 in the pathogenesis of Hodgkin lymphoma, and PRL-3 could be a possible new drug target. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40164-018-0100-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Aassved Hjort
- 1Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, (NTNU), P.O. Box 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,2Children's Clinic, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Håkon Hov
- 1Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, (NTNU), P.O. Box 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,3Department of Pathology, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pegah Abdollahi
- 1Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, (NTNU), P.O. Box 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,2Children's Clinic, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Esten Nymoen Vandsemb
- 1Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, (NTNU), P.O. Box 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,2Children's Clinic, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Unn-Merete Fagerli
- 1Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, (NTNU), P.O. Box 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,4Cancer Clinic, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bendik Lund
- 1Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, (NTNU), P.O. Box 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,2Children's Clinic, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tobias Schmidt Slørdahl
- 1Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, (NTNU), P.O. Box 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,5Department of Hematology, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Magne Børset
- 1Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, (NTNU), P.O. Box 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,6Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Torstein Baade Rø
- 1Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, (NTNU), P.O. Box 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,2Children's Clinic, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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25
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Casein kinase 1 is a therapeutic target in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2018; 131:1206-1218. [PMID: 29317454 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-05-786947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Casein kinase 1δ/ε (CK1δ/ε) is a key component of noncanonical Wnt signaling pathways, which were shown previously to drive pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In this study, we investigated thoroughly the effects of CK1δ/ε inhibition on the primary CLL cells and analyzed the therapeutic potential in vivo using 2 murine model systems based on the Eµ-TCL1-induced leukemia (syngeneic adoptive transfer model and spontaneous disease development), which resembles closely human CLL. We can demonstrate that the CK1δ/ε inhibitor PF-670462 significantly blocks microenvironmental interactions (chemotaxis, invasion and communication with stromal cells) in primary CLL cells in all major subtypes of CLL. In the mouse models, CK1 inhibition slows down accumulation of leukemic cells in the peripheral blood and spleen and prevents onset of anemia. As a consequence, PF-670462 treatment results in a significantly longer overall survival. Importantly, CK1 inhibition has synergistic effects to the B-cell receptor (BCR) inhibitors such as ibrutinib in vitro and significantly improves ibrutinib effects in vivo. Mice treated with a combination of PF-670462 and ibrutinib show the slowest progression of disease and survive significantly longer compared with ibrutinib-only treatment when the therapy is discontinued. In summary, this preclinical testing of CK1δ/ε inhibitor PF-670462 demonstrates that CK1 may serve as a novel therapeutic target in CLL, acting in synergy with BCR inhibitors. Our work provides evidence that targeting CK1 can represent an alternative or addition to the therapeutic strategies based on BCR signaling and antiapoptotic signaling (BCL-2) inhibition.
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Wnt Signaling in Hematological Malignancies. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 153:321-341. [PMID: 29389522 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia and lymphoma are a wide encompassing term for a diverse set of blood malignancies that affect people of all ages and result in approximately 23,000 deaths in the United States per year (Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2016. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016;66(1):7-30.). Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are tissue-specific stem cells at the apex of the hierarchy that gives rise to all of the terminally differentiated blood cells, through progressively restricted progenitor populations, a process that is known to be Wnt-responsive. In particular, the progenitor populations are subject to uncontrolled expansion during oncogenic processes, namely the common myeloid progenitor and common lymphoid progenitor, as well as the myeloblast and lymphoblast. Unregulated growth of these cell-types leads to mainly three types of blood cancers (i.e., leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma), which frequently exhibit deregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Generally, leukemia is caused by the expansion of myeloid progenitors, leading to an overproduction of white blood cells; as such, patients are unable to make sufficient numbers of red blood cells and platelets. Likewise, an overproduction of lymphocytes leads to clogging of the lymph system and impairment of the immune system in lymphomas. Finally, cancer of the plasma cells in the blood is called myeloma, which also leads to immune system failure. Within each of these three types of blood cancers, there are multiple subtypes, usually characterized by their timeline of onset and their cell type of origin. Of these, 85% of leukemias are encompassed by the four most common diseases, that is, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); AML accounts for the majority of leukemia-related deaths (Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2016. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016;66(1):7-30.). Through understanding how HSCs are normally developed and maintained, we can understand how the normal functions of these pathways are disrupted during blood cancer progression; the Wnt pathway is important in regulation of both normal and malignant hematopoiesis. In this chapter, we will discuss the role of Wnt signaling in normal and aberrant hematopoiesis. Our understanding the relationship between Wnt and HSCs will provide novel insights into therapeutic targets.
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27
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Janovská P, Bryja V. Wnt signalling pathways in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and B-cell lymphomas. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4701-4715. [PMID: 28703283 PMCID: PMC5727250 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we discuss the intricate roles of the Wnt signalling network in the development and progression of mature B-cell-derived haematological malignancies, with a focus on chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and related B-cell lymphomas. We review the current literature and highlight the differences between the β-catenin-dependent and -independent branches of Wnt signalling. Special attention is paid to the role of the non-canonical Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway, mediated by the Wnt-5-receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor (ROR1)-Dishevelled signalling axis in CLL. This is mainly because the Wnt/PCP co-receptor ROR1 was found to be overexpressed in CLL and the Wnt/PCP pathway contributes to numerous aspects of CLL pathogenesis. We also discuss the possibilities of therapeutically targeting the Wnt signalling pathways as an approach to disrupt the crucial interaction between malignant cells and their micro-environment. We also advocate the need for research in this direction for other lymphomas, namely, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma and follicular lymphoma where the Wnt signalling pathway probably plays a similar role. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on WNT Signalling: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.24/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlína Janovská
- Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Vítězslav Bryja
- Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
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28
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Svensson CM, Medyukhina A, Belyaev I, Al-Zaben N, Figge MT. Untangling cell tracks: Quantifying cell migration by time lapse image data analysis. Cytometry A 2017; 93:357-370. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carl-Magnus Svensson
- Applied Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI); Jena Germany
| | - Anna Medyukhina
- Applied Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI); Jena Germany
| | - Ivan Belyaev
- Applied Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI); Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University; Jena Germany
| | - Naim Al-Zaben
- Applied Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI); Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University; Jena Germany
| | - Marc Thilo Figge
- Applied Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI); Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University; Jena Germany
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29
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Abstract
Effective immune responses require the precise regulation of dynamic interactions between hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. The Rho subfamily of GTPases, which includes RhoA, is rapidly activated downstream of a diverse array of biochemical and biomechanical signals, and is emerging as an important mediator of this cross-talk. Key downstream effectors of RhoA are the Rho kinases, or ROCKs. The ROCKs are two serine-threonine kinases that can act as global coordinators of a tissue’s response to stress and injury because of their ability to regulate a wide range of biological processes. Although the RhoA-ROCK pathway has been extensively investigated in the non-hematopoietic compartment, its role in the immune system is just now becoming appreciated. In this commentary, we provide a brief overview of recent findings that highlight the contribution of this pathway to lymphocyte development and activation, and the impact that dysregulation in the activation of RhoA and/or the ROCKs may exert on a growing list of autoimmune and lymphoproliferative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edd Ricker
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, 10021, USA; Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York, 10065, USA
| | - Luvana Chowdhury
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, 10021, USA
| | - Woelsung Yi
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, 10021, USA; David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, 10021, USA
| | - Alessandra B Pernis
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, 10021, USA; Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York, 10065, USA; David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, 10021, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, 10021, USA
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30
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Linke F, Harenberg M, Nietert MM, Zaunig S, von Bonin F, Arlt A, Szczepanowski M, Weich HA, Lutz S, Dullin C, Janovská P, Krafčíková M, Trantírek L, Ovesná P, Klapper W, Beissbarth T, Alves F, Bryja V, Trümper L, Wilting J, Kube D. Microenvironmental interactions between endothelial and lymphoma cells: a role for the canonical WNT pathway in Hodgkin lymphoma. Leukemia 2016; 31:361-372. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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