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Kamińska A, Lustofin S, Brzoskwinia M, Duliban M, Cyran-Gryboś J, Bilińska B, Hejmej A. Androgens and Notch signaling cooperate in seminiferous epithelium to regulate genes related to germ cell development and apoptosis. Reprod Biol 2024; 24:100878. [PMID: 38490111 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2024.100878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
It was reported previously that in adult males disruption of both androgen and Notch signaling impairs spermatid development and germ cell survival in rodent seminiferous epithelium. To explain the molecular mechanisms of these effects, we focused on the interaction between Notch signaling and androgen receptor (AR) in Sertoli cells and investigate its role in the control of proteins involved in apical ectoplasmic specializations, actin remodeling during spermiogenesis, and induction of germ cell apoptosis. First, it was revealed that in rat testicular explants ex vivo both testosterone and Notch signaling modulate AR expression and cooperate in the regulation of spermiogenesis-related genes (Nectin2, Afdn, Arp2, Eps8) and apoptosis-related genes (Fasl, Fas, Bax, Bcl2). Further, altered expression of these genes was found following exposure of Sertoli cells (TM4 cell line) and germ cells (GC-2 cell line) to ligands for Notch receptors (Delta-like1, Delta-like4, and Jagged1) and/or Notch pathway inhibition. Finally, direct interactions of Notch effector, Hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 1, and the promoter of Ar gene or AR protein were revealed in TM4 Sertoli cells. In conclusion, Notch pathway activity in Sertoli and germ cells regulates genes related to germ cell development and apoptosis acting both directly and indirectly by influencing androgen signaling in Sertoli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Kamińska
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sylwia Lustofin
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Brzoskwinia
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Michał Duliban
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Cyran-Gryboś
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Bilińska
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Hejmej
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
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2
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Bergez-Hernández F, Luque-Ortega F, García-Magallanes N, Alvarez-Arrazola M, Arámbula-Meraz E. Deletion in a regulatory region is associated with underexpression of miR-148b‑3p in patients with prostate cancer. Biomed Rep 2024; 20:52. [PMID: 38357236 PMCID: PMC10865175 DOI: 10.3892/br.2024.1740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the leading cause of cancer-related death in men. This pathology is complex and heterogeneous; therefore, elucidating the molecular mechanisms that lead to its origin and progression is imperative. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are part of the epigenetic machinery that regulates the expression of human genes, therefore, mutations in the genes that encode them can lead to a dysregulation in their expression, which directly impacts their target genes, which could be oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. In PCa several dysregulated expression levels of miRNAs are associated with perturbed cellular processes. A differential expression of miRNAs such as miR-145-5p and miR-148-3p has been observed in PCa, possibly due to mutations in regions near the miRNAs. However, the molecular mechanisms that lead to the dysregulation of these miRNAs still need to be clarified. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the expression of miRNAs and their relationship with mutations in patients with and without PCa. In total, 71 patients were analyzed: 41 of whom had PCa (CAP group) and 30 with benign pathology (BPD group). Underexpression was observed in miR-145-5p and miR-148b-3p in PCa patients (P=0.03 and P=0.001, respectively). In miR-145-5p, no mutations related to its expression were identified. For miR-148b-3p, a set of mutations were identified in the chr12:54337042/54337043 region, which were grouped into the mutation named DelsAAG. Although this mutation's abnormal allele is related to PCa (P=0.017), a statistically significant difference was observed in the expression of miR-148b-3p between carriers and non-carriers of the mutated allele, identifying a mechanism likely to be involved in the miR-148b-3p dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Bergez-Hernández
- Postgraduate in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán, 80010 Sinaloa, México
| | - Fred Luque-Ortega
- Basic Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán, 80100 Sinaloa, México
| | - Noemí García-Magallanes
- Laboratory of Biomedicine and Molecular Biology, Biotechnology Engineering, Polytechnic University of Sinaloa, Mazatlán, 82199 Sinaloa, México
| | | | - Eliakym Arámbula-Meraz
- Postgraduate in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán, 80010 Sinaloa, México
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán, 80010 Sinaloa, México
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3
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Gao X, Yi Y, Lv J, Li Y, Arulsamy K, Babu S, Bruno I, Zhang L, Cao Q, Chen K. Low RNA stability signifies strong expression regulatability of tumor suppressors. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:11534-11548. [PMID: 37831104 PMCID: PMC10681714 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA expression of a gene is determined by not only transcriptional regulation, but also post-transcriptional regulation of RNA decay. The precise regulation of RNA stability in the cell plays an important role in normal development. Dysregulation of RNA stability can lead to diseases such as cancer. Here we found tumor suppressor RNAs tended to decay fast in normal cell types when compared with other RNAs. Consistent with a negative effect of m6A modification on RNA stability, we observed preferential deposition of m6A on tumor suppressor RNAs. Moreover, abundant m6A and fast decay of tumor suppressor RNAs both tended to be further enhanced in prostate cancer cells relative to normal prostate epithelial cells. Further, knockdown of m6A methyltransferase METTL3 and reader YTHDF2 in prostate cancer cells both posed stronger effect on tumor suppressor RNAs than on other RNAs. These results indicated a strong post transcriptional expression regulatability mediated by abundant m6A modification on tumor suppressor RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Gao
- Basic and Translational Research Division, Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, The Methodist Hospital System, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yang Yi
- Department of Urology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jie Lv
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, The Methodist Hospital System, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yanqiang Li
- Basic and Translational Research Division, Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, The Methodist Hospital System, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kulandaisamy Arulsamy
- Basic and Translational Research Division, Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sahana Suresh Babu
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, The Methodist Hospital System, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ivone Bruno
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, The Methodist Hospital System, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lili Zhang
- Basic and Translational Research Division, Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Qi Cao
- Department of Urology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kaifu Chen
- Basic and Translational Research Division, Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, The Methodist Hospital System, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Prostate Cancer Program, Dana-Farber Harvard cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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4
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Ge Q, Li J, Yang F, Tian X, Zhang M, Hao Z, Liang C, Meng J. Molecular classifications of prostate cancer: basis for individualized risk stratification and precision therapy. Ann Med 2023; 55:2279235. [PMID: 37939258 PMCID: PMC10653710 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2279235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour classifications play a pivotal role in prostate cancer (PCa) management. It can predict the clinical outcomes of PCa as early as the disease is diagnosed and then guide therapeutic schemes, such as active monitoring, standalone surgical intervention, or surgery supplemented with postoperative adjunctive therapy, thereby circumventing disease exacerbation and excessive treatment. Classifications based on clinicopathological features, such as prostate cancer-specific antigen, Gleason score, and TNM stage, are still the main risk stratification strategies and have played an essential role in standardized clinical decision-making. However, mounting evidence indicates that clinicopathological parameters in isolation fail to adequately capture the heterogeneity exhibited among distinct PCa patients, such as those sharing identical Gleason scores yet experiencing divergent prognoses. As a remedy, molecular classifications have been introduced. Currently, molecular studies have revealed the characteristic genomic alterations, epigenetic modulations, and tumour microenvironment associated with different types of PCa, which provide a chance for urologists to refine the PCa classification. In this context, numerous invaluable molecular classifications have been devised, employing disparate statistical methodologies and algorithmic approaches, encompassing self-organizing map clustering, unsupervised cluster analysis, and multifarious algorithms. Interestingly, the classifier PAM50 was used in a phase-2 multicentre open-label trial, NRG-GU-006, for further validation, which hints at the promise of molecular classification for clinical use. Consequently, this review examines the extant molecular classifications, delineates the prevailing panorama of clinically pertinent molecular signatures, and delves into eight emblematic molecular classifications, dissecting their methodological underpinnings and clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qintao Ge
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Feixiang Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | | | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Zongyao Hao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Chaozhao Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Jialin Meng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
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5
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He Z, He J, Xie K. KLF4 transcription factor in tumorigenesis. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:118. [PMID: 37031197 PMCID: PMC10082813 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01416-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like transcriptional factor is important in maintaining cellular functions. Deletion of Krüppel-like transcriptional factor usually causes abnormal embryonic development and even embryonic death. KLF4 is a prominent member of this family, and embryonic deletion of KLF4 leads to alterations in skin permeability and postnatal death. In addition to its important role in embryo development, it also plays a critical role in inflammation and malignancy. It has been investigated that KLF4 has a regulatory role in a variety of cancers, including lung, breast, prostate, colorectal, pancreatic, hepatocellular, ovarian, esophageal, bladder and brain cancer. However, the role of KLF4 in tumorigenesis is complex, which may link to its unique structure with both transcriptional activation and transcriptional repression domains, and to the regulation of its upstream and downstream signaling molecules. In this review, we will summarize the structural and functional aspects of KLF4, with a focus on KLF4 as a clinical biomarker and therapeutic target in different types of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong He
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The South China University of Technology Comprehensive Cancer Center, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Keping Xie
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- The South China University of Technology Comprehensive Cancer Center, Guangdong, China.
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6
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Yao J, Kong Q, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang Q. Mechanism of Kruppel-Like Factor 4 in Pyroptosis of Nasal Mucosal Epithelial Cells in Mice With Allergic Rhinitis. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2023; 37:337-347. [PMID: 36799547 DOI: 10.1177/19458924221148568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic nasal inflammation, characterized by nasal epithelial dysfunction. Gene therapy targeting transcription factors is a promising strategy for quenching allergic inflammation, including AR. OBJECTIVE This study sought to probe the mechanism of Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) in pyroptosis of nasal mucosal epithelial cells (NEpCs) in AR mice and provide targets for AR treatment. METHODS AR mouse models were established using sensitization with ovalbumin, followed by injection with short hairpin RNA KLF4 (sh-KLF4). AR symptoms were assessed by the times of sneezing and nose rubbing, hematoxylin-eosin, and periodic acid-Schiff staining. Levels of KLF4, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), cleaved caspase-1, and N-terminal domain (GSDMD-N) in nasal mucosal tissues were determined by Western blot assay, and levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 in nasal lavage fluid were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The binding of KLF4 to the NLRP3 promoter was verified using chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase assays. The functional rescue experiment was performed with oe-NLRP3 and sh-KLF4 in AR mice. RESULTS KLF4 was upregulated in nasal mucosal tissues of AR mice. KLF4 inhibition reduced the times of sneezing and nose rubbing, inflammatory cell infiltration, and goblet cell hyperplasia in nasal mucosal tissues, and levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, GSDMD-N, IL-1β, and IL-18. KLF4 was enriched on the NLRP3 promoter and improved NLRP3 expression. NLRP3 overexpression reversed the inhibition of sh-KLF4 on pyroptosis of NEpCs in AR mice. CONCLUSION KLF4 bound to the NLRP3 promoter and promoted pyroptosis of NEpCs in AR mice via activating NLRP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoli Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanxi children's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qingfeng Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanxi children's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanxi children's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanting Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Research Laboratory of Airway Neuroimmunology, Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qinxue Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanxi children's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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7
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Aquaporins as Prognostic Biomarker in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020331. [PMID: 36672280 PMCID: PMC9856769 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a complex heterogeneous disease that affects millions of males worldwide. Despite rapid advances in molecular biology and innovation in technology, few biomarkers have been forthcoming in prostate cancer. The currently available biomarkers for the prognosis of prostate cancer are inadequate and face challenges, thus having limited clinical utility. To date, there are a number of prognostic and predictive biomarkers identified for prostate cancer but lack specificity and sensitivity to guide clinical decision making. There is still tremendous scope for specific biomarkers to understand the natural history and complex biology of this heterogeneous disease, and to identify early treatment responses. Accumulative studies indicate that aquaporins (AQPs) a family of membrane water channels may serve as a prognostic biomarker for prostate cancer in monitoring disease advancement. In the present review, we discuss the existing prostate cancer biomarkers, their limitations, and aquaporins as a prospective biomarker of prognostic significance in prostate cancer.
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8
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Bergez-Hernández F, Arámbula-Meraz E, Alvarez-Arrazola M, Irigoyen-Arredondo M, Luque-Ortega F, Martínez-Camberos A, Cedano-Prieto D, Contreras-Gutiérrez J, Martínez-Valenzuela C, García-Magallanes N. Expression Analysis of miRNAs and Their Potential Role as Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer Detection. Am J Mens Health 2022; 16:15579883221120989. [PMID: 36082407 PMCID: PMC9465588 DOI: 10.1177/15579883221120989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent cancer diagnosed in men worldwide. The detection methods for PCa are either unreliable, like prostate-specific antigen (PSA), or extremely invasive, such as in the case of biopsies. Therefore, there is an urgent necessity for reliable and less invasive detection procedures that can differentiate between patients with benign diseases and those with cancer. In this matter, microRNAs (miRNAs) are suggested as potential biomarkers for cancer. MiRNAs have been found to be dysregulated in several different cancers, and these genetic alterations may present specific signatures for a given malignancy. Here, we examined the expression of miR141-3p, miR145-5p, miR146a-5p, and miR148b-3p in human tissue samples of PCa (n = 41) and benign prostatic diseases (BPD) (n = 30) using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). We combined the expression results with patient clinicopathological characteristics in logistic regression models to create accurate PCa predictive models. A model including information of miR148b-3p and patient age showed relevant prediction results (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.818, precision = 0.763, specificity = 0.762, and accuracy = 0.762). A model including all four miRNAs and patient age presented outstanding prediction results (AUC = 0.918, precision = 0.861, specificity = 0.861, and accuracy = 0.857). Our results represent a potential novel procedure based on logistic regression models that utilize miRNA expressions and patient age to assist with PCa diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Bergez-Hernández
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas,
Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa,
Culiacán Rosales, México
| | - Eliakym Arámbula-Meraz
- Laboratorio de Genética y
Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad
Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, México
| | | | - Martín Irigoyen-Arredondo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas,
Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa,
Culiacán Rosales, México
| | - Fred Luque-Ortega
- Laboratorio de Ciencias Básicas,
Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales,
México
| | - Alejandra Martínez-Camberos
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas,
Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa,
Culiacán Rosales, México
| | - Dora Cedano-Prieto
- Laboratorio de Genética y
Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad
Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, México
| | - José Contreras-Gutiérrez
- Centro de Investigación y
Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Hospital Civil de Culiacán, Universidad
Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, México
| | - Carmen Martínez-Valenzuela
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología
“Dr Jesus Kumate Rodriguez,” Unidad de Investigación en Ambiente y Salud,
Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Los Mochis, México
| | - Noemí García-Magallanes
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina y
Biología Molecular, Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Universidad Politécnica de
Sinaloa, Mazatlán, México,Noemí García Magallanes,
Laboratorio de Biomedicina y Biología Molecular, Ingeniería en
Biotecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Carretera Municipal
Libre Mazatlán-Higueras s/n 3km col. Genaro Estrada, 82199 Mazatlán,
Sinaloa, México.
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9
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Sawant L, Ostler JB, Jones C. A Pioneer Transcription Factor and Type I Nuclear Hormone Receptors Synergistically Activate the Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Infected Cell Protein 0 (ICP0) Early Promoter. J Virol 2021; 95:e0076821. [PMID: 34319779 PMCID: PMC8475507 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00768-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Following bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) acute infection of ocular, oral, or nasal cavities, sensory neurons within trigeminal ganglia are an important site for latency. Stress, as mimicked by the synthetic corticosteroid dexamethasone, consistently induces reactivation from latency. Expression of two key viral transcriptional regulatory proteins, BoHV-1 infected cell protein 0 (bICP0) and bICP4, are regulated by sequences within the immediate early promoter (IEtu1). A separate early promoter also drives bICP0 expression, presumably to ensure sufficient levels of this important transcriptional regulatory protein. Productive infection and bICP0 early promoter activity are cooperatively transactivated by Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and a type I nuclear hormone receptor (NHR), androgen receptor, glucocorticoid receptor, or progesterone receptor. The bICP0 early promoter contains three separate transcriptional enhancers that mediate cooperative transactivation. In contrast to the IEtu1 promoter, the bICP0 early promoter lacks consensus type I NHR binding sites. Consequently, we hypothesized that KLF4 and Sp1 binding sites are essential for type I NHR and KLF4 to transactivate the bICP0 promoter. Mutating KLF4 and Sp1 binding sites in each enhancer domain significantly reduced transactivation by KLF4 and a type I NHR. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) studies demonstrated that occupancy of bICP0 early promoter sequences by KLF4 and type I NHR is significantly reduced when KLF4 and/or Sp1 binding sites are mutated. These studies suggest that cooperative transactivation of the bICP0 E promoter by type I NHRs and a stress-induced pioneer transcription factor (KLF4) promote viral replication and spread in neurons or nonneural cells in reproductive tissue. IMPORTANCE Understanding how stressful stimuli and changes in the cellular milieu mediate viral replication and gene expression in the natural host is important for developing therapeutic strategies that impair virus transmission and disease. For example, bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) reactivation from latency is consistently induced by the synthetic corticosteroid dexamethasone, which mimics the effects of stress. Furthermore, BoHV-1 infection increases the incidence of abortion in pregnant cows, suggesting that sex hormones stimulate viral growth in certain tissues. Previous studies revealed that type I nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) (androgen, glucocorticoid, or progesterone) and a pioneer transcription factor, Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), cooperatively transactivate the BoHV-1 infected cell protein 0 (bICP0) early promoter. Transactivation was mediated by Sp1 and/or KLF4 consensus binding sites within the three transcriptional enhancers. These studies underscore the complexity by which BoHV-1 exploits type I NHR fluctuations to enhance viral gene expression, replication, and transmission in the natural host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laximan Sawant
- Oklahoma State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jeffery B. Ostler
- Oklahoma State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Clinton Jones
- Oklahoma State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
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10
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Hong Z, Xiang Z, Zhang P, Wu Q, Xu C, Wang X, Shi G, Hong Z, Wu D. Histone acetyltransferase 1 upregulates androgen receptor expression to modulate CRPC cell resistance to enzalutamide. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e495. [PMID: 34323404 PMCID: PMC8299045 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is the latest stage of PCa, and there is almost no effective treatment available for the patients with CRPC when next-generation androgen deprivation therapy drugs, such as enzalutamide (ENZ), fail. The androgen receptor (AR) plays key roles in PCa and CRPC progression and drug resistance. Histone acetyltransferase 1 (HAT1) has recently been reported to be highly expressed in some tumors, such as lung carcinoma. However, what relationship between the AR and HAT1, and whether or how HAT1 plays roles in CRPC progression and drug resistance remain elusive. In the present study, we found that HAT1 is highly expressed in PCa cells, and the overexpression of HAT1 is linked with CRPC cell proliferation. Moreover, the HAT1 expression is positively correlated with the expression of AR, including both AR-FL (full-length) and AR-V7 (variant 7), which is mainly mediated by a bromodomain containing protein 4 (BRD4) -mediated pathway. Furthermore, knockdown of HAT1 can re-sensitize the response of CRPC cells to ENZ treatment in cells and mouse models. In addition, ascorbate was observed to decrease AR expression through downregulation of HAT1 expression. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel AR signaling regulation pathway in PCa and CRPC and suggest that HAT1 serves as a critical oncoprotein and an ideal target for the treatment of ENZ resistance in CRPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Hong
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhendong Xiang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Pan Zhang
- Illinois Informatics InstituteUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignIllinoisUSA
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chengdang Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xinan Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Guowei Shi
- Department of Urology, the Fifth People's Hospital of ShanghaiUrology Research Center of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zongyuan Hong
- Laboratory of Quantitative PharmacologyWannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| | - Denglong Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
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11
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Yang X, Chen C, Li L, Xiao T, Zou YD, Zheng D. Current research advances in microRNA-mediated regulation of Krüppel-like factor 4 in cancer: a narrative review. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:948. [PMID: 34350263 PMCID: PMC8263881 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the miRNAs and related mechanisms that regulates KLF4 in different cancers. Furthermore, we summarized the potential targets of miRNAs regulating the KLF4 pathway in cancer research. Background MiRNAs are single-stranded, endogenous non-coding small RNAs, some of which are related to human cancers. miRNAs carry out post-transcriptional gene regulation through translation inhibition and degradation of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) via complementarily pairing with their 3' untranslated regions. KLF4 is an important transcription factor with complex involvement in cancer. Increasing evidence shows that miRNAs are dysregulated in cancer and can regulate cancer-related signaling pathways, thereby affecting tumor progression. Methods Systematic scientific literature searches were undertaken on PubMed using the following terms: "miRNAs and KLF4", "KLF4 and cancer", "miRNAs and cancer", and "miRNAs, KLF4 and cancer". Relevant papers were retrieved and further results were found by reviewing related papers and the references of the retrieved papers. We then conducted a narrative overview of the literature to summarize the results of the papers. Conclusions The role of KLF4 in cancer varies in a context-dependent manner. KLF4-regulating miRNAs in different tumors include miR-124, miR-9-5p, miR-10b, miR-18a, miR-25-3p, miR-10b, miR-92a, miR-103, miR-155, miR-135b-5p, miR-32-5p, miR-148-3p, miR-152-3p, miR-10b, miR-25, miR-3120-5p, miR-7, miR-1233-3p, miR-10b, miR-145, miR-139-5p, miR-16, miR-152, miR-375, and miR-145.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Li
- Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tian Xiao
- Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong-Dong Zou
- Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Duo Zheng
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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12
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Kalinina TS, Kononchuk VV, Gulyaeva LF. Expression of estrogen-, progesterone-, and androgen-responsive genes in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells treated with o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDT, or endosulfan. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:1-8. [PMID: 33728745 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors are a major concern due to their possible association with hormone-dependent carcinogenesis. Some examples of compounds with such properties are organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). OCPs are persistent pollutants with high lipophilicity, long half-life, and bioaccumulation potential. In the past, some of the most commonly used OCPs were dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and endosulfan. Here, we investigated the effects of o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDT, and endosulfan and of hormones estradiol, testosterone, and progesterone on the expression of estrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptors (ER, PR, and AR) and of their target genes (KLF4, VEGFA, CCND1, PRLR, CDKN1A, and BCL6) in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The results confirmed that under the action of the insecticides, there are dose- and time-dependent changes in the expression of these receptors and target genes. As corroborated by an experiment with ER, PR, and AR negative MDA-MB-231 cells, the change in the expression of KLF4, VEGFA, CCND1, and PRLR in MCF-7 cells treated with o,p'-DDT and the change in CDKN1A and PRLR expression in MCF-7 cells treated with p,p'-DDT are likely mediated by ER, PR, and AR pathways. In conclusion, we have identified some targets of DDT and endosulfan and confirmed that the effects of insecticides on the expression of these target genes differ for breast cancer cell lines with different receptor statuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana S Kalinina
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vladislav V Kononchuk
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Lyudmila F Gulyaeva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
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13
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Vélot L, Lessard F, Bérubé-Simard FA, Tav C, Neveu B, Teyssier V, Boudaoud I, Dionne U, Lavoie N, Bilodeau S, Pouliot F, Bisson N. Proximity-dependent Mapping of the Androgen Receptor Identifies Kruppel-like Factor 4 as a Functional Partner. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100064. [PMID: 33640491 PMCID: PMC8050775 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and the third cause of cancer mortality. PCa initiation and growth are driven by the androgen receptor (AR). The AR is activated by androgens such as testosterone and controls prostatic cell proliferation and survival. Here, we report an AR signaling network generated using BioID proximity labeling proteomics in androgen-dependent LAPC4 cells. We identified 31 AR-associated proteins in nonstimulated cells. Strikingly, the AR signaling network increased to 182 and 200 proteins, upon 24 h or 72 h of androgenic stimulation, respectively, for a total of 267 nonredundant AR-associated candidates. Among the latter group, we identified 213 proteins that were not previously reported in databases. Many of these new AR-associated proteins are involved in DNA metabolism, RNA processing, and RNA polymerase II transcription. Moreover, we identified 44 transcription factors, including the Kru¨ppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), which were found interacting in androgen-stimulated cells. Interestingly, KLF4 repressed the well-characterized AR-dependent transcription of the KLK3 (PSA) gene; AR and KLF4 also colocalized genome-wide. Taken together, our data report an expanded high-confidence proximity network for AR, which will be instrumental to further dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying androgen signaling in PCa cells. BioID proteomics identifies 267 androgen receptor (AR)-associated candidates Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a new AR interaction partner AR and KLF4 colocalize genome-wide on >4000 genes, including KLK3 (PSA) KLF4 acts as a repressor for the AR target gene KLK3 (PSA)
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Vélot
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; PROTEO-Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Lessard
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; PROTEO-Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Félix-Antoine Bérubé-Simard
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christophe Tav
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche en données massives de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Bertrand Neveu
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valentine Teyssier
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; PROTEO-Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Imène Boudaoud
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ugo Dionne
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; PROTEO-Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Noémie Lavoie
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; PROTEO-Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Steve Bilodeau
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche en données massives de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada; Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Pouliot
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Department of Surgery, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Nicolas Bisson
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada; PROTEO-Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Québec, Quebec, Canada; Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada.
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14
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Sawant L, Thunuguntla P, Jones C. Cooperative activation of bovine herpesvirus 1 productive infection and viral regulatory promoters by androgen receptor and Krüppel-like transcription factors 4 and 15. Virology 2021; 552:63-72. [PMID: 33065464 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), a significant viral pathogen, establishes latency in sensory neurons. The viral genome contains more than 100 consensus glucocorticoid receptor (GR) regulatory elements (GREs): consequently, stress stimulates viral replication and reactivation from latency. The immediate early transcription unit 1 (IEtu1) and bICP0 early promoters are transactivated by GR and synthetic corticosteroid dexamethasone. The androgen receptor (AR), like GR, is a Type 1 nuclear hormone receptor that binds and stimulates certain promoters containing GREs. Consequently, we hypothesized AR and 5α-Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) stimulate productive infection and key viral promoters. New studies demonstrated AR, DHT, and Krüppel like transcription factor 4 (KLF4) cooperatively stimulated productive infection and bICP0 E promoter activity in mouse neuroblastoma cells (Neuro-2A). KLF15 also cooperated with AR and DHT to stimulate IEtu1 promoter activity. We suggest AR and testosterone increase the prevalence of virus in semen by stimulating viral gene expression and replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laximan Sawant
- Oklahoma State University, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Prasanth Thunuguntla
- Oklahoma State University, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Clinton Jones
- Oklahoma State University, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stillwater, OK, USA.
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15
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Prajapati A, Chauhan G, Shah H, Gupta S. Oncogenic transformation of human benign prostate hyperplasia with chronic cadmium exposure. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 62:126633. [PMID: 32818862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Experimentally, it has been proved that cadmium served as an effective carcinogen and able to induce tumors in rodents in a dose-specific manner. However, systemic evaluation of cadmium exposure for the transformation of prostatic hyperplasia into prostate cancer (PCa) is still unclear. In the present study, an attempt has been made to establish cadmium-induced human prostate carcinogenesis using an in vitro model of BPH cells. Wide range of cadmium concentrations, i.e., 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM and 1μM, were chronically exposed to the human BPH cells for transformation into PCa and monitored using cell and molecular biology approaches. After eight weeks of exposure, the cells showed subtle morphological changes and shifts of cell cycle in the G2M phase. Significant increase in expression of prostatic genes AR, PSA, ER-β, and 5αR with increased nuclear localization of AR and pluripotency markers Cmyc, Klf4 indicated the carcinogenic effect of Cd. Further, the BPH cells exposed to Cd showed a substantial increase in the secretion of MMP-2 and MMP-9, influencing migratory potential of the cells along with decreased expression of the p63 protein which further strengthen the progression towards carcinogenesis and aggressive tumor studies. Data from the present study state that Cd exhibited marked invasiveness in BPH cells. These observations established a connecting link of BPH towards PCa pathogenesis. Further, the study will also help in investigating the intricate pathways involved in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India; Biotechnology, School of Science, GSFC University, Vadodara, 391750, India.
| | - Gaurav Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Harsh Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Sarita Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India.
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16
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Recent Discoveries on the Involvement of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 in the Most Common Cancer Types. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228843. [PMID: 33266506 PMCID: PMC7700188 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a transcription factor highly conserved in evolution. It is particularly well known for its role in inducing pluripotent stem cells. In addition, KLF4 plays many roles in cancer. The results of most studies suggest that KLF4 is a tumor suppressor. However, the functioning of KLF4 is regulated at many levels. These include regulation of transcription, alternative splicing, miRNA, post-translational modifications, subcellular localization, protein stability and interactions with other molecules. Simple experiments aimed at assaying transcript levels or protein levels fail to address this complexity and thus may deliver misleading results. Tumor subtypes are also important; for example, in prostate cancer KLF4 is highly expressed in indolent tumors where it impedes tumor progression, while it is absent from aggressive prostate tumors. KLF4 is important in regulating response to many known drugs, and it also plays a role in tumor microenvironment. More and more information is available about upstream regulators, downstream targets and signaling pathways associated with the involvement of KLF4 in cancer. Furthermore, KLF4 performs critical function in the overall regulation of tissue homeostasis, cellular integrity, and progression towards malignancy. Here we summarize and analyze the latest findings concerning this fascinating transcription factor.
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17
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Chauhan G, Mehta A, Gupta S. Stromal-AR influences the growth of epithelial cells in the development of benign prostate hyperplasia. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 471:129-142. [PMID: 32504365 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03773-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Activation of epithelial-AR signaling is identified as the major cause of hyperproliferation of the cells during benign and malignant prostate conditions. However, the contribution of stromal-AR is also precarious due to its secretory actions that contribute to the progression of benign and malignant tumors. The present study was aimed to understand the influence of stromal-AR mediated actions on epithelial cells during BPH condition. The secretome (conditioned media-CM) was collected from AR agonist (testosterone-propionate-TP) and antagonist (Nilutamide-Nil) treated BPH patient-derived stromal cells and exposed to BPH epithelial cells. Epithelial cells exhibited increased cell proliferation with the treatment of CM derived from TP-treated stromal cells (TP-CM) but did not support the clonogenic growth of BPH epithelial cells. However, CM derived from Nil-treated stromal cells (Nil-CM) depicted delayed and aggressive BPH epithelial cell proliferation with increased clonogenicity of BPH epithelial cells. Further, decreased AR levels with increased cMyc transcripts and pAkt levels also validated the clonogenic transformation under the paracrine influence of inhibition of stromal-AR. Moreover, the CM of stromal-AR activation imparted positive regulation of basal/progenitor pool through LGR4, β-Catenin, and ΔNP63α expression. Hence, the present study highlighted the restricted disease progression and retains the basal/progenitor state of BPH epithelial cells through the activation of stromal-AR. On the contrary, AR-independent aggressive BPH epithelial cell growth due to paracrine action of loss stromal-AR directs us to reform AR pertaining treatment regimes for better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
| | - Avani Mehta
- Department of Biochemistry, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India.,Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Sarita Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India.
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18
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Lin SR, Mokgautsi N, Liu YN. Ras and Wnt Interaction Contribute in Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis. Molecules 2020; 25:E2380. [PMID: 32443915 PMCID: PMC7287876 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent and malignant cancer types in men, which causes more than three-hundred thousand cancer death each year. At late stage of PCa progression, bone marrow is the most often metastatic site that constitutes almost 70% of metastatic cases of the PCa population. However, the characteristic for the osteo-philic property of PCa is still puzzling. Recent studies reported that the Wnt and Ras signaling pathways are pivotal in bone metastasis and that take parts in different cytological changes, but their crosstalk is not well studied. In this review, we focused on interactions between the Wnt and Ras signaling pathways during each stage of bone metastasis and present the fate of those interactions. This review contributes insights that can guide other researchers by unveiling more details with regard to bone metastasis and might also help in finding potential therapeutic regimens for preventing PCa bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shian-Ren Lin
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Collage of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11024, Taiwan;
| | - Ntlotlang Mokgautsi
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11024, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Nien Liu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Collage of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11024, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11024, Taiwan;
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19
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Jiang Z, Zhang Y, Chen X, Wu P, Chen D. Long non-coding RNA LINC00673 silencing inhibits proliferation and drug resistance of prostate cancer cells via decreasing KLF4 promoter methylation. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:1878-1892. [PMID: 31881124 PMCID: PMC6991650 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the major causes of cancer‐related mortality in men across the world. Recently, long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and Kruppel‐like factor 4 (KLF4) have been reported to participate in the biology of multiple cancers including prostate cancer. Here, this study aimed to explore the possible role of LINC00673 in prostate cancer via KLF4 gene promoter methylation. Microarray‐based gene expression profiling of prostate cancer was employed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and genes, after which the expression of LINC00673 and KLF4 in prostate cancer tissues was determined using RT‐qPCR. Next, the relationship between LINC00673 and KLF4 was evaluated using in silico analysis. Further, the effect of LINC00673 and KLF4 on cell proliferation and drug resistance of transfected cells was examined with gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experimentation. It was found that LINC00673 was highly expressed, while KLF4 was poorly expressed in prostate cancer tissues. Additionally, LINC00673 could bind to KLF4 gene promoter region and recruit methyltransferase to the KLF4 gene promoter region. Moreover, LINC00673 silencing was demonstrated to reduce methylation of the KLF4 gene promoter to elevate the expression of KLF4, thus suppressing the proliferation and drug resistance of prostate cancer cells. In summary, LINC00673 silencing could drive demethylation of the KLF4 gene promoter and thus inhibit the proliferation and drug resistance of prostate cancer cells, suggesting that silencing of LINC00673 and elevation of KLF4 could serve as tumour suppressors in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenming Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County, Xining, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pingeng Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Central Lab, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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20
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Androgen-Regulated microRNAs (AndroMiRs) as Novel Players in Adipogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225767. [PMID: 31744106 PMCID: PMC6888160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The development, homeostasis, or increase of the adipose tissue is driven by the induction of the adipogenic differentiation (adipogenesis) of undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Adipogenesis can be inhibited by androgen stimulation of these MSCs resulting in the transcription initiation or repression of androgen receptor (AR) regulated genes. AR not only regulates the transcription of protein-coding genes but also the transcription of several non-coding microRNAs involved in the posttranscriptional gene regulation (herein designated as AndroMiRs). As microRNAs are largely involved in differentiation processes such as adipogenesis, the involvement of AndroMiRs in the androgen-mediated inhibition of adipogenesis is likely, however, not yet intensively studied. In this review, existing knowledge about adipogenesis-related microRNAs and AndroMiRs is summarized, and putative cross-links are drawn, which are still prone to experimental validation.
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Tassone E, Bradaschia-Correa V, Xiong X, Sastre-Perona A, Josephson AM, Khodadadi-Jamayran A, Melamed J, Bu L, Kahler DJ, Ossowski L, Leucht P, Schober M, Wilson EL. KLF4 as a rheostat of osteolysis and osteogenesis in prostate tumors in the bone. Oncogene 2019; 38:5766-5777. [PMID: 31239516 PMCID: PMC6639130 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0841-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that KLF4, a gene highly expressed in murine prostate stem cells, blocks the progression of indolent intraepithelial prostatic lesions into aggressive and rapidly growing tumors. Here, we show that the anti-tumorigenic effect of KLF4 extends to PC3 human prostate cancer cells growing in the bone. We compared KLF4 null cells with cells transduced with a DOX-inducible KLF4 expression system, and find KLF4 function inhibits PC3 growth in monolayer and soft agar cultures. Furthermore, KLF4 null cells proliferate rapidly, forming large, invasive, and osteolytic tumors when injected into mouse femurs, whereas KLF4 re-expression immediately after their intra-femoral inoculation blocks tumor development and preserves a normal bone architecture. KLF4 re-expression in established KLF4 null bone tumors inhibits their osteolytic effects, preventing bone fractures and inducing an osteogenic response with new bone formation. In addition to these profound biological changes, KLF4 also induces a transcriptional shift from an osteolytic program in KLF4 null cells to an osteogenic program. Importantly, bioinformatic analysis shows that genes regulated by KLF4 overlap significantly with those expressed in metastatic prostate cancer patients and in three individual cohorts with bone metastases, strengthening the clinical relevance of the findings in our xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne Tassone
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Vivian Bradaschia-Correa
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Xiaozhong Xiong
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Ana Sastre-Perona
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Anne Marie Josephson
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Alireza Khodadadi-Jamayran
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Jonathan Melamed
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Lei Bu
- Department of Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - David J Kahler
- High Throughput Biology Laboratory, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Liliana Ossowski
- Department of Medicine, Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Philipp Leucht
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Markus Schober
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Elaine L Wilson
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Department of Urology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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Verma S, Shukla S, Pandey M, MacLennan GT, Gupta S. Differentially Expressed Genes and Molecular Pathways in an Autochthonous Mouse Prostate Cancer Model. Front Genet 2019; 10:235. [PMID: 30972102 PMCID: PMC6445055 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer remains a major public health problem and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men in the United States. The present study aims to understand the molecular pathway(s) of prostate cancer which is essential for early detection and treatment. Dorsolateral prostate from 20 week transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice, which spontaneously develops prostate cancer and recapitulates human disease and age-matched non-transgenic littermates were utilized for microarray analysis. Mouse genome network and pathway analyses were mapped to the human genome using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) database for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery. In total, 136 differentially expressed genes, including 32 downregulated genes and 104 upregulated genes were identified in the dorsolateral prostate of TRAMP, compared to non-transgenic mice. A subset of differentially expressed genes were validated by qRT-PCR. Alignment with human genome database identified 18 different classes of proteins, among these, 36% were connected to the nucleic acid binding, including ribosomal proteins, which play important role in protein synthesis—the most enriched pathway in the development of prostate cancer. Furthermore, the results suggest deregulation of signaling molecules (9%) and enzyme modulators (8%) affect various pathways. An imbalance in other protein classes, including transporter proteins (7%), hydrolases (6%), oxidoreductases, and cytoskeleton proteins (5%), contribute to cancer progression. Our study evaluated the underlying pathways and its connection to human prostate cancer, which may further help assess the risk of disease development and progression and identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Verma
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Sanjeev Shukla
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.,The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Mitali Pandey
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Vancouver Prostate Center, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gregory T MacLennan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.,The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Urology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Division of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
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de Santi F, Beltrame FL, Hinton BT, Cerri PS, Sasso-Cerri E. Reduced levels of stromal sex hormone-binding globulin and androgen receptor dysfunction in the sperm storage region of the rat epididymis. Reproduction 2018; 155:467-479. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-18-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The cauda epididymidis is the major sperm storage region whose androgenic supply, essential for the sperm viability, is provided by the vasculature and is dependent upon testosterone diffusion through the stromal tissue to reach the epithelial cells. We have focused our efforts on examining the regulation of this important epididymal region by evaluating the impact of the androgen disrupter cimetidine on the epithelial–stromal androgenic microenvironment. Male rats received 100 mg/kg cimetidine (CMTG) or saline (CG) for 50 days, serum testosterone levels were measured and the epididymal cauda region was processed for light and transmission electron microscopy. In the proximal cauda region, the duct diameter was measured and birefringent collagen in the stroma was quantified. TUNEL-labeled epithelial cells were quantified, and androgen receptor (AR), karyopherin alpha (KPNA) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels were analyzed by immunofluorescence and Western blot. CMTG showed reduced duct diameter and high number of apoptotic epithelial cells. In the epithelium, the total AR concentration and the KPNA immunoreactivity were reduced, and a weak/absent AR nuclear immunofluorescence was observed in contrast to the enhanced AR immunolabeling observed in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells. A significant reduction of collagen and SHBG levels in the stroma was also observed. Cimetidine treatment impairs AR nuclear import in the epithelium, causing androgenic dysfunction and subsequent epithelial cell apoptosis and duct atrophy. The connective tissue atrophy and reduction of SHBG stromal levels associated with epithelial androgenic dysfunction indicate a possible role of stromal SHBG in the androgenic supply of the sperm storage region of the epididymis.
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