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Wengryn P, Fenrich F, Silveira KDC, Oborn C, Mizumoto S, Beke A, Soltys CL, Yamada S, Kannu P. Integrative analysis of Lunatic Fringe variants associated with spondylocostal dysostosis type-III. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23753. [PMID: 38924591 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302651rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Lunatic Fringe (LFNG) is required for spinal development. Biallelic pathogenic variants cause spondylocostal dysostosis type-III (SCD3), a rare disease generally characterized by malformed, asymmetrical, and attenuated development of the vertebral column and ribs. However, a variety of SCD3 cases reported have presented with additional features such as auditory alterations and digit abnormalities. There has yet to be a single, comprehensive, functional evaluation of causative LFNG variants and such analyses could unveil molecular mechanisms for phenotypic variability in SCD3. Therefore, nine LFNG missense variants associated with SCD3, c.564C>A, c.583T>C, c.842C>A, c.467T>G, c.856C>T, c.601G>A, c.446C>T, c.521G>A, and c.766G>A, were assessed in vitro for subcellular localization and protein processing. Glycosyltransferase activity was quantified for the first time in the c.583T>C, c.842C>A, and c.446C>T variants. Primarily, our results are the first to satisfy American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics PS3 criteria (functional evidence via well-established assay) for the pathogenicity of c.583T>C, c.842C>A, and c.446C>T, and replicate this evidence for the remaining six variants. Secondly, this work indicates that all variants that prevent Golgi localization also lead to impaired protein processing. It appears that the FRINGE domain is responsible for this phenomenon. Thirdly, our data suggests that variant proximity to the catalytic residue may influence whether LFNG is improperly trafficked and/or enzymatically dysfunctional. Finally, the phenotype of the axial skeleton, but not elsewhere, may be modulated in a variant-specific fashion. More reports are needed to continue testing this hypothesis. We anticipate our data will be used as a basis for discussion of genotype-phenotype correlations in SCD3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parker Wengryn
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Felicity Fenrich
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelf, Guelf, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Connor Oborn
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shuji Mizumoto
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Alexander Beke
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carrie-Lynn Soltys
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shuhei Yamada
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Peter Kannu
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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2
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Wang L, Mizumoto S, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Cheng W, Li X, Dan M, Zhang C, Gao X, Wang J, Han J, Jiao L, Wang Y, Jin Q, Yang L, Li C, Li S, Zhu J, Jiang H, Nishimura G, Yamada T, Yamada S, Cai N, Qiang R, Guo L. Identification of a novel LFNG variant in a Chinese fetus with spondylocostal dysostosis and a systematic review. J Hum Genet 2024; 69:321-327. [PMID: 38565611 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-024-01248-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Spondylocostal dysostosis (SCDO) encompasses a group of skeletal disorders characterized by multiple segmentation defects in the vertebrae and ribs. SCDO has a complex genetic etiology. This study aimed to analyze and identify pathogenic variants in a fetus with SCDO. Copy number variant sequencing and whole exome sequencing were performed on a Chinese fetus with SCDO, followed by bioinformatics analyses, in vitro functional assays and a systematic review on the reported SCDO cases with LFNG pathogenic variants. Ultrasound examinations in utero exhibited that the fetus had vertebral malformation, scoliosis and tethered cord, but rib malformation was not evident. We found a novel homozygous variant (c.1078 C > T, p.R360C) within the last exon of LFNG. The variant was predicted to cause loss of function of LFNG by in silico prediction tools, which was confirmed by an in vitro assay of LFNG enzyme activity. The systematic review listed a total of 20 variants of LFNG in SCDO. The mutational spectrum spans across all exons of LFNG except the last one. This study reported the first Chinese case of LFNG-related SCDO, revealing the prenatal phenotypes and expanding the mutational spectrum of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Center of Medical Genetics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Shuji Mizumoto
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Ruixue Zhang
- Center of Medical Genetics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Center of Medical Genetics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Center of Medical Genetics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Wenjing Cheng
- Center of Medical Genetics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xin Li
- Center of Medical Genetics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Min Dan
- Department of Ultrasound, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xinru Gao
- Department of Ultrasound, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Jiaqi Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Lianying Jiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yating Wang
- Center of Medical Genetics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Qiujie Jin
- Center of Medical Genetics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Lihui Yang
- Center of Medical Genetics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Chenxing Li
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Shuxian Li
- Center of Medical Genetics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jinhui Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Hai Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Gen Nishimura
- Department of Radiology, Musashino-Yowakai Hospital, Tokyo, 180-0012, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamada
- Department of Medical Ethics and Medical Genetics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yamada
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, 468-8503, Japan
| | - Na Cai
- Center of Medical Genetics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Rong Qiang
- Center of Medical Genetics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Long Guo
- Center of Medical Genetics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Szoszkiewicz A, Bukowska-Olech E, Jamsheer A. Molecular landscape of congenital vertebral malformations: recent discoveries and future directions. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:32. [PMID: 38291488 PMCID: PMC10829358 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03040-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Vertebral malformations (VMs) pose a significant global health problem, causing chronic pain and disability. Vertebral defects occur as isolated conditions or within the spectrum of various congenital disorders, such as Klippel-Feil syndrome, congenital scoliosis, spondylocostal dysostosis, sacral agenesis, and neural tube defects. Although both genetic abnormalities and environmental factors can contribute to abnormal vertebral development, our knowledge on molecular mechanisms of numerous VMs is still limited. Furthermore, there is a lack of resource that consolidates the current knowledge in this field. In this pioneering review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the latest research on the molecular basis of VMs and the association of the VMs-related causative genes with bone developmental signaling pathways. Our study identifies 118 genes linked to VMs, with 98 genes involved in biological pathways crucial for the formation of the vertebral column. Overall, the review summarizes the current knowledge on VM genetics, and provides new insights into potential involvement of biological pathways in VM pathogenesis. We also present an overview of available data regarding the role of epigenetic and environmental factors in VMs. We identify areas where knowledge is lacking, such as precise molecular mechanisms in which specific genes contribute to the development of VMs. Finally, we propose future research avenues that could address knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szoszkiewicz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Bukowska-Olech
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksander Jamsheer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
- Centers for Medical Genetics GENESIS, Dąbrowskiego 77A, 60-529, Poznan, Poland.
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Wu N, Liu L, Zhang Y, Wang L, Wang S, Zhao S, Li G, Yang Y, Lin G, Shen J, Wu Z, Qiu G, Zhang TJ. Retrospective Analysis of Associated Anomalies in 636 Patients with Operatively Treated Congenital Scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2023; 105:537-548. [PMID: 37017616 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.22.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital scoliosis is frequently associated with anomalies in multiple organ systems. However, the prevalence and distribution of associated anomalies remain unclear, and there is a large amount of variation in data among different studies. METHODS Six hundred and thirty-six Chinese patients who had undergone scoliosis correction surgery at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2012 to July 2019 were recruited, as a part of the Deciphering disorders Involving Scoliosis and COmorbidities (DISCO) study. The medical data for each subject were collected and analyzed. RESULTS The mean age (and standard deviation) at the time of presentation for scoliosis was 6.4 ± 6.3 years, and the mean Cobb angle of the major curve was 60.8° ± 26.5°. Intraspinal abnormalities were found in 186 (30.3%) of 614 patients, with diastematomyelia being the most common anomaly (59.1%; 110 of 186). The prevalence of intraspinal abnormalities was remarkably higher in patients with failure of segmentation and mixed deformities than in patients with failure of formation (p < 0.001). Patients with intraspinal anomalies showed more severe deformities, including larger Cobb angles of the major curve (p < 0.001). We also demonstrated that cardiac anomalies were associated with remarkably worse pulmonary function, i.e., lower forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and peak expiratory flow (PEF). Additionally, we identified associations among different concomitant malformations. We found that patients with musculoskeletal anomalies of types other than intraspinal and maxillofacial were 9.2 times more likely to have additional maxillofacial anomalies. CONCLUSIONS In our cohort, comorbidities associated with congenital scoliosis occurred at a rate of 55%. To our knowledge, our study is the first to show that patients with congenital scoliosis and cardiac anomalies have reduced pulmonary function, as demonstrated by lower FEV1, FVC, and PEF. Moreover, the potential associations among concomitant anomalies revealed the importance of a comprehensive preoperative evaluation scheme. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanqiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianlei Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengru Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhuang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanfeng Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxiong Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guixing Qiu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Terry Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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5
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Gao Y, Fu Z, Guan J, Liu X, Zhang Q. The role of Notch signaling pathway in metabolic bone diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 207:115377. [PMID: 36513140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic bone diseases is the third most common endocrine diseases after diabetes and thyroid diseases. More than 500 million people worldwide suffer from metabolic bone diseases. The generation and development of bone metabolic diseases is a complex process regulated by multiple signaling pathways, among which the Notch signaling pathway is one of the most important pathways. The Notch signaling pathway regulates the differentiation and function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and affects the process of cartilage formation, bone formation and bone resorption. Genetic mutations in upstream and downstream of Notch signaling genes can lead to a series of metabolic bone diseases, such as Alagille syndrome, Adams-Oliver syndrome and spondylocostal dysostosis. In this review, we analyzed the mechanisms of Notch ligands, Notch receptors and signaling molecules in the process of signal transduction, and summarized the progress on the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of bone metabolic diseases caused by Notch gene mutation. We hope to draw attention to the role of the Notch signaling pathway in metabolic bone diseases and provide new ideas and approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of metabolic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongguang Gao
- Tangshan Key Laboratory of Green Speciality Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan 063000, China.
| | - Zhanda Fu
- Tangshan Key Laboratory of Green Speciality Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Junxia Guan
- Tangshan Key Laboratory of Green Speciality Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Tangshan Key Laboratory of Green Speciality Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Tangshan Key Laboratory of Green Speciality Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan 063000, China.
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6
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Umair M, Younus M, Shafiq S, Nayab A, Alfadhel M. Clinical genetics of spondylocostal dysostosis: A mini review. Front Genet 2022; 13:996364. [PMID: 36506336 PMCID: PMC9732429 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.996364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Spondylocostal dysostosis is a genetic defect associated with severe rib and vertebrae malformations. In recent years, extensive clinical and molecular diagnosis advancements enabled us to identify disease-causing variants in different genes for such severe conditions. The identification of novel candidate genes enabled us to understand the developmental biology and molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the etiology of these rare diseases. Here, we discuss the clinical and molecular targets associated with spondylocostal dysostosis, including clinical evaluation, genes, and pathways involved. This review might help us understand the basics of such a severe disorder, which might help in proper clinical characterization and help in future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair
- Medical Genomics Research Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGH), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Muhammad Umair, ,
| | - Muhammad Younus
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Sarfraz Shafiq
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Anam Nayab
- Department of Biotechnology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- Medical Genomics Research Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGH), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Genetics and Precision Medicine Department, King Abdullah Specialized Children Hospital (KASCH), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Cooper F, Tsakiridis A. Towards clinical applications of in vitro-derived axial progenitors. Dev Biol 2022; 489:110-117. [PMID: 35718236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The production of the tissues that make up the mammalian embryonic trunk takes place in a head-tail direction, via the differentiation of posteriorly-located axial progenitor populations. These include bipotent neuromesodermal progenitors (NMPs), which generate both spinal cord neurectoderm and presomitic mesoderm, the precursor of the musculoskeleton. Over the past few years, a number of studies have described the derivation of NMP-like cells from mouse and human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). In turn, these have greatly facilitated the establishment of PSC differentiation protocols aiming to give rise efficiently to posterior mesodermal and neural cell types, which have been particularly challenging to produce using previous approaches. Moreover, the advent of 3-dimensional-based culture systems incorporating distinct axial progenitor-derived cell lineages has opened new avenues toward the functional dissection of early patterning events and cell vs non-cell autonomous effects. Here, we provide a brief overview of the applications of these cell types in disease modelling and cell therapy and speculate on their potential uses in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fay Cooper
- Centre for Stem Cell Biology, School of Bioscience, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom; Neuroscience Institute, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Anestis Tsakiridis
- Centre for Stem Cell Biology, School of Bioscience, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom; Neuroscience Institute, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom.
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8
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Mugisha S, Di X, Disoma C, Jiang H, Zhang S. Fringe family genes and their modulation of Notch signaling in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188746. [PMID: 35660646 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fringes are glycosyltransferases that transfer N-acetylglucosamine to the O-linked fucose of Notch receptors. They regulate the Notch signaling activity that drives tumor formation and progression, resulting in poor prognosis. However, the specific tumor-promoting role of Fringes differs depending on the type of cancer. Although a particular Fringe member could act as a tumor suppressor in one cancer type, it may act as an oncogene in another. This review discusses the tumorigenic role of the Fringe family (lunatic fringe, manic fringe, and radical fringe) in modulating Notch signaling in various cancers. Although the crucial functions of Fringes continue to emerge as more mechanistic studies are being pursued, further translational research is needed to explore their roles and therapeutic benefits in various malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson Mugisha
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Xiaotang Di
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Cyrollah Disoma
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China.
| | - Shubing Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China.
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9
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Abstract
O-Linked glycosylation such as O-fucose, O-glucose, and O-N-acetylglucosamine are considered to be unusual. As suggested by the high levels of evolutional conservation, these O-glycans are fundamentally important for life. In the last two decades, our understanding of the importance of these glycans has greatly advanced. In particular, identification of the glycosyltransferases responsible for the biosynthesis of these glycans has accelerated basic research on the functional significance and molecular mechanisms by which these O-glycans regulate protein functions as well as clinical research on human diseases due to changes in these types of O-glycosylation. Notably, Notch receptor signaling is modified with and regulated by these types of O-glycans. Here, we summarize the current view of the structures and the significance of these O-glycans mainly in the context of Notch signaling regulation and human diseases.
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10
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Schuhmann S, Koller H, Sticht H, Kraus C, Krumbiegel M, Uebe S, Ekici AB, Reis A, Thiel CT. Clinical and molecular delineation of spondylocostal dysostosis type 3. Clin Genet 2021; 99:851-852. [PMID: 33728697 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Schuhmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Heiko Koller
- Universitätsklinik für Neurochirurgie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg FAU, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Kraus
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mandy Krumbiegel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Steffen Uebe
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arif B Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - André Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian T Thiel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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11
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Nóbrega A, Maia-Fernandes AC, Andrade RP. Altered Cogs of the Clock: Insights into the Embryonic Etiology of Spondylocostal Dysostosis. J Dev Biol 2021; 9:5. [PMID: 33572886 PMCID: PMC7930992 DOI: 10.3390/jdb9010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Spondylocostal dysostosis (SCDO) is a rare heritable congenital condition, characterized by multiple severe malformations of the vertebrae and ribs. Great advances were made in the last decades at the clinical level, by identifying the genetic mutations underlying the different forms of the disease. These were matched by extraordinary findings in the Developmental Biology field, which elucidated the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in embryo body segmentation into the precursors of the axial skeleton. Of particular relevance was the discovery of the somitogenesis molecular clock that controls the progression of somite boundary formation over time. An overview of these concepts is presented, including the evidence obtained from animal models on the embryonic origins of the mutant-dependent disease. Evidence of an environmental contribution to the severity of the disease is discussed. Finally, a brief reference is made to emerging in vitro models of human somitogenesis which are being employed to model the molecular and cellular events occurring in SCDO. These represent great promise for understanding this and other human diseases and for the development of more efficient therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Nóbrega
- CBMR, Centre for Biomedical Research, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (A.N.); (A.C.M.-F.)
- Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas (FMCB), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Maia-Fernandes
- CBMR, Centre for Biomedical Research, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (A.N.); (A.C.M.-F.)
- Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas (FMCB), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Raquel P. Andrade
- CBMR, Centre for Biomedical Research, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (A.N.); (A.C.M.-F.)
- Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas (FMCB), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- ABC-RI, Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
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12
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Matsumoto K, Luther KB, Haltiwanger RS. Diseases related to Notch glycosylation. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 79:100938. [PMID: 33341260 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Notch receptors are a family of transmembrane proteins that mediate direct cell-cell interactions and control numerous cell-fate specifications in humans. The extracellular domains of mammalian Notch proteins contain 29-36 tandem epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats, most of which have O-linked glycan modifications: O-glucose added by POGLUT1, O-fucose added by POFUT1 and elongated by Fringe enzymes, and O-GlcNAc added by EOGT. The extracellular domain is also N-glycosylated. Mutations in the glycosyltransferases modifying Notch have been identified in several diseases, including Dowling-Degos Disease (haploinsufficiency of POFUT1 or POGLUT1), a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (autosomal recessive mutations in POGLUT1), Spondylocostal Dysostosis 3 (autosomal recessive mutations in LFNG), Adams-Oliver syndrome (autosomal recessive mutations in EOGT), and some cancers (amplification, gain or loss-of-function of POFUT1, Fringe enzymes, POGLUT1, MGAT3). Here we review the characteristics of these diseases and potential molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiroo Matsumoto
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Kelvin B Luther
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Robert S Haltiwanger
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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13
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Urata Y, Takeuchi H. Effects of Notch glycosylation on health and diseases. Dev Growth Differ 2019; 62:35-48. [PMID: 31886522 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway and is essential for cell-fate specification in metazoans. Dysregulation of Notch signaling results in various human diseases, including cardiovascular defects and cancer. In 2000, Fringe, a known regulator of Notch signaling, was discovered as a Notch-modifying glycosyltransferase. Since then, glycosylation-a post-translational modification involving literal sugars-on the Notch extracellular domain has been noted as a critical mechanism for the regulation of Notch signaling. Additionally, the presence of diverse O-glycans decorating Notch receptors has been revealed in the extracellular domain epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats. Here, we concisely summarize the recent studies in the human diseases associated with aberrant Notch glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Urata
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Takeuchi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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14
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Akama K, Ebata K, Maeno A, Taminato T, Otosaka S, Gengyo-Ando K, Nakai J, Yamasu K, Kawamura A. Role of somite patterning in the formation of Weberian apparatus and pleural rib in zebrafish. J Anat 2019; 236:622-629. [PMID: 31840255 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In the vertebrate body, a metameric structure is present along the anterior-posterior axis. Zebrafish tbx6-/- larvae, in which somite boundaries do not form during embryogenesis, were shown to exhibit abnormal skeletal morphology such as rib, neural arch and hemal arch. In this study, we investigated the role of somite patterning in the formation of anterior vertebrae and ribs in more detail. Using three-dimensional computed tomography scans, we found that anterior vertebrae including the Weberian apparatus were severely affected in tbx6-/- larvae. In addition, pleural ribs of tbx6 mutants exhibited severe defects in the initial ossification, extension of ossification, and formation of parapophyses. Two-colour staining revealed that bifurcation of ribs was caused by fusion or branching of ribs in tbx6-/- . The parapophyses in tbx6-/- juvenile fish showed irregular positioning to centra and abnormal attachment to ribs. Furthermore, we found that the ossification of the distal portion of ribs proceeded along myotome boundaries even in irregularly positioned myotome boundaries. These results provide evidence of the contribution of somite patterning to the formation of the Weberian apparatus and rib in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kagari Akama
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kanami Ebata
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akiteru Maeno
- Plant Cytogenetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | - Tomohito Taminato
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shiori Otosaka
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Keiko Gengyo-Ando
- Brain and Body System Science Institute, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Junichi Nakai
- Brain and Body System Science Institute, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kyo Yamasu
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akinori Kawamura
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
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