1
|
Valent P, Sadovnik I, Peter B, Ivanov D, Schulenburg A, Hadzijusufovic E, Willmann M, Rülicke T, Herrmann H, Rabitsch W, Karlic H, Gleixner KV, Sperr WR, Hoermann G, Dahlhoff M, Pfeilstöcker M, Keil F, Lion T, Grunt TW. Vienna Cancer Stem Cell Club (VCSCC): 20 year jubilee and future perspectives. Expert Rev Hematol 2023; 16:659-670. [PMID: 37493441 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2023.2232545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Vienna Cancer Stem Cell Club (VCSCC) was launched by a group of scientists in Vienna in 2002. AREAS COVERED Major aims of the VCSCC are to support research on cancer stem cells (CSC) in hematopoietic malignancies and to translate CSC-related markers and targets into clinical application. A primary focus of research in the VCSCC is the leukemic stem cell (LSC). Between 2013 and 2021, members of the VCSCC established a special research program on myeloproliferative neoplasms and since 2008, members of the VCSCC run the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology. In all these years, the VCSCC provided a robust intellectual platform for translational hematology and LSC research in Vienna. Furthermore, the VCSCC interacts with several national and international study groups and societies in the field. Representatives of the VCSCC also organized a number of international meetings and conferences on neoplastic stem cells, including LSC, in the past 15 years, and contributed to the definition and classification of CSC/LSC and related pre-malignant and malignant conditions. EXPERT OPINION The VCSCC will continue to advance the field and to develop LSC-detecting and LSC-eradicating concepts through which diagnosis, prognostication, and therapy of blood cancer patients should improve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Valent
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Irina Sadovnik
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Peter
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Ivanov
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Axel Schulenburg
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Emir Hadzijusufovic
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University Clinic for Small Animals, Internal Medicine Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Willmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University Clinic for Small Animals, Internal Medicine Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Rülicke
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of in vivo and in vitro Models, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Herrmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Werner Rabitsch
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heidrun Karlic
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karoline V Gleixner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang R Sperr
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Hoermann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Munich, Germany
| | - Maik Dahlhoff
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of in vivo and in vitro Models, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Pfeilstöcker
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Third Medical Department for Hematology and Oncology, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Felix Keil
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Third Medical Department for Hematology and Oncology, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Lion
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- St.Anna Children´s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas W Grunt
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ivanov D, Milosevic Feenstra JD, Sadovnik I, Herrmann H, Peter B, Willmann M, Greiner G, Slavnitsch K, Hadzijusufovic E, Rülicke T, Dahlhoff M, Hoermann G, Machherndl‐Spandl S, Eisenwort G, Fillitz M, Sliwa T, Krauth M, Bettelheim P, Sperr WR, Koller E, Pfeilstöcker M, Gisslinger H, Keil F, Kralovics R, Valent P. Phenotypic characterization of disease-initiating stem cells in JAK2- or CALR-mutated myeloproliferative neoplasms. Am J Hematol 2023; 98:770-783. [PMID: 36814396 PMCID: PMC10952374 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are characterized by uncontrolled expansion of myeloid cells, disease-related mutations in certain driver-genes including JAK2, CALR, and MPL, and a substantial risk to progress to secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). Although behaving as stem cell neoplasms, little is known about disease-initiating stem cells in MPN. We established the phenotype of putative CD34+ /CD38- stem cells and CD34+ /CD38+ progenitor cells in MPN. A total of 111 patients with MPN suffering from polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, or primary myelofibrosis (PMF) were examined. In almost all patients tested, CD34+ /CD38- stem cells expressed CD33, CD44, CD47, CD52, CD97, CD99, CD105, CD117, CD123, CD133, CD184, CD243, and CD274 (PD-L1). In patients with PMF, MPN stem cells often expressed CD25 and sometimes also CD26 in an aberrant manner. MPN stem cells did not exhibit substantial amounts of CD90, CD273 (PD-L2), CD279 (PD-1), CD366 (TIM-3), CD371 (CLL-1), or IL-1RAP. The phenotype of CD34+ /CD38- stem cells did not change profoundly during progression to sAML. The disease-initiating capacity of putative MPN stem cells was confirmed in NSGS mice. Whereas CD34+ /CD38- MPN cells engrafted in NSGS mice, no substantial engraftment was produced by CD34+ /CD38+ or CD34- cells. The JAK2-targeting drug fedratinib and the BRD4 degrader dBET6 induced apoptosis and suppressed proliferation in MPN stem cells. Together, MPN stem cells display a unique phenotype, including cytokine receptors, immune checkpoint molecules, and other clinically relevant target antigens. Phenotypic characterization of neoplastic stem cells in MPN and sAML should facilitate their enrichment and the development of stem cell-eradicating (curative) therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ivanov
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and HemostaseologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Irina Sadovnik
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and HemostaseologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Harald Herrmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Radiation OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Barbara Peter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and HemostaseologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Michael Willmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department for Companion Animals, Clinical Unit for Internal MedicineUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Georg Greiner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Laboratory MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Ihr Labor, Medical Diagnostic LaboratoriesViennaAustria
| | - Katharina Slavnitsch
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Institute of in vivo and in vitro ModelsUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Emir Hadzijusufovic
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and HemostaseologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department for Companion Animals, Clinical Unit for Internal MedicineUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Rülicke
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Maik Dahlhoff
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Institute of in vivo and in vitro ModelsUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Gregor Hoermann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- MLL Munich Leukemia LaboratoryMunichGermany
| | - Sigrid Machherndl‐Spandl
- Hospital Ordensklinikum Elisabethinen LinzLinzAustria
- Johannes Kepler University, Medical FacultyLinzAustria
| | - Gregor Eisenwort
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and HemostaseologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Third Medical Department for Hematology and OncologyHanusch Hospital ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Michael Fillitz
- Third Medical Department for Hematology and OncologyHanusch Hospital ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Thamer Sliwa
- Third Medical Department for Hematology and OncologyHanusch Hospital ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Maria‐Theresa Krauth
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and HemostaseologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Wolfgang R. Sperr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and HemostaseologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Elisabeth Koller
- Third Medical Department for Hematology and OncologyHanusch Hospital ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Michael Pfeilstöcker
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Third Medical Department for Hematology and OncologyHanusch Hospital ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Heinz Gisslinger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and HemostaseologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Felix Keil
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Third Medical Department for Hematology and OncologyHanusch Hospital ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Robert Kralovics
- Department of Laboratory MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and HemostaseologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Properties of Leukemic Stem Cells in Regulating Drug Resistance in Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemias. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081841. [PMID: 36009388 PMCID: PMC9405586 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Notoriously known for their capacity to reconstitute hematological malignancies in vivo, leukemic stem cells (LSCs) represent key drivers of therapeutic resistance and disease relapse, posing as a major medical dilemma. Despite having low abundance in the bulk leukemic population, LSCs have developed unique molecular dependencies and intricate signaling networks to enable self-renewal, quiescence, and drug resistance. To illustrate the multi-dimensional landscape of LSC-mediated leukemogenesis, in this review, we present phenotypical characteristics of LSCs, address the LSC-associated leukemic stromal microenvironment, highlight molecular aberrations that occur in the transcriptome, epigenome, proteome, and metabolome of LSCs, and showcase promising novel therapeutic strategies that potentially target the molecular vulnerabilities of LSCs.
Collapse
|
4
|
Guess T, Potts CR, Bhat P, Cartailler JA, Brooks A, Holt C, Yenamandra A, Wheeler FC, Savona MR, Cartailler JP, Ferrell PB. Distinct Patterns of Clonal Evolution Drive Myelodysplastic Syndrome Progression to Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Blood Cancer Discov 2022; 3:316-329. [PMID: 35522837 PMCID: PMC9610896 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-21-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonal evolution in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) can result in clinical progression and secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). To dissect changes in clonal architecture associated with this progression, we performed single-cell genotyping of paired MDS and sAML samples from 18 patients. Analysis of single-cell genotypes revealed patient-specific clonal evolution and enabled the assessment of single-cell mutational cooccurrence. We discovered that changes in clonal architecture proceed via distinct patterns, classified as static or dynamic, with dynamic clonal architectures having a more proliferative phenotype by blast count fold change. Proteogenomic analysis of a subset of patients confirmed that pathogenic mutations were primarily confined to primitive and mature myeloid cells, though we also identify rare but present mutations in lymphocyte subsets. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of paired sample sets further identified gene sets and signaling pathways involved in two cases of progression. Together, these data define serial changes in the MDS clonal landscape with clinical and therapeutic implications. SIGNIFICANCE Precise clonal trajectories in MDS progression are made possible by single-cell genomic sequencing. Here we use this technology to uncover the patterns of clonal architecture and clonal evolution that drive the transformation to secondary AML. We further define the phenotypic and transcriptional changes of disease progression at the single-cell level. See related article by Menssen et al., p. 330 (31). See related commentary by Romine and van Galen, p. 270. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 265.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Guess
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, VUMC, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Chad R. Potts
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Pawan Bhat
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Justin A. Cartailler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Austin Brooks
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Clinton Holt
- Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ashwini Yenamandra
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, VUMC, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ferrin C. Wheeler
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, VUMC, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Michael R. Savona
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee.,Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jean-Philippe Cartailler
- Creative Data Solutions Shared Resource, Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - P. Brent Ferrell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee.,Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Corresponding Author: P. Brent Ferrell Jr, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 777 Preston Research Building, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232. Phone: 615-875-8619; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Geissler K. Molecular Pathogenesis of Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia and Potential Molecular Targets for Treatment Approaches. Front Oncol 2021; 11:751668. [PMID: 34660314 PMCID: PMC8514979 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.751668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous examples in oncology have shown that better understanding the pathophysiology of a malignancy may be followed by the development of targeted treatment concepts with higher efficacy and lower toxicity as compared to unspecific treatment. The pathophysiology of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is heterogenous and complex but applying different research technologies have yielded a better and more comprehensive understanding of this disease. At the moment treatment for CMML is largely restricted to the unspecific use of cytotoxic drugs and hypomethylating agents (HMA). Numerous potential molecular targets have been recently detected by preclinical research which may ultimately lead to treatment concepts that will provide meaningful benefits for certain subgroups of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Geissler
- Medical School, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine V with Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Hospital Hietzing, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Patnaik MM, Mughal TI, Brooks C, Lindsay R, Pemmaraju N. Targeting CD123 in hematologic malignancies: identifying suitable patients for targeted therapy. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:2568-2586. [PMID: 33999767 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1927021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Following the observation of interleukin 3 receptor α chain (IL-3Rα; CD123) upregulation on leukemia stem cells (LSCs) almost two decades ago, targeted treatment via CD123-diptheria toxin conjugates has now been tested in patients with diverse myeloid malignancies. Targeted eradication of LSCs could result in effective treatments for many challenging diseases initiated by these cells. Consequently, considerable effort has been directed toward targeting CD123 as a potential strategy for treating patients with hematologic malignancies in which CD123 is overexpressed. However, these therapies have had limited success so far, highlighting the need for suitable criteria to identify patients who could benefit from them. Given the diversity in CD123 expression across different hematologic malignancies, understanding CD123 expression patterns and the functional pathogenetic significance is crucial. Here, we review the methodologies available for CD123 assessment and discuss the biological and clinical characteristics of patients for whom CD123-targeting therapies may have a clinical impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal M Patnaik
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tariq I Mughal
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Research & Clinical Drug Development, Stemline Therapeutics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher Brooks
- Research & Clinical Drug Development, Stemline Therapeutics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ross Lindsay
- Research & Clinical Drug Development, Stemline Therapeutics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Naveen Pemmaraju
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|