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Ming Y. A Hybrid Metadetector for Measuring Bell States of Optical Angular Momentum Entanglement. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4817. [PMID: 39123864 PMCID: PMC11314656 DOI: 10.3390/s24154817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
High-dimensional entanglement of optical angular momentum has shown its enormous potential for increasing robustness and data capacity in quantum communication and information multiplexing, thus offering promising perspectives for quantum information science. To make better use of optical angular momentum entangled states, it is necessary to develop a reliable platform for measuring and analyzing them. Here, we propose a hybrid metadetector of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) integrated with spin Hall nanoantenna arrays for identifying Bell states of optical angular momentum. The corresponding states are converted into path-entangled states of propagative polaritonic modes for detection. Several Bell states in different forms are shown to be identified effectively. TMDs have emerged as an attractive platform for the next generation of on-chip optoelectronic devices. Our work may open up a new horizon for devising integrated quantum circuits based on these two-dimensional van der Waals materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ming
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Suzhou 215000, China;
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
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2
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Dai M, Wang C, Sun F, Wang QJ. On-chip photodetection of angular momentums of vortex structured light. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5396. [PMID: 38926397 PMCID: PMC11208514 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49855-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Structured vortex light with orbital angular momentum (OAM) shows great promise for high-bandwidth optical communications, quantum information and computing, optical tweezers, microscopy, astronomy, among others. Generating, controlling, and detecting of vortex light by all-electrical means is at the heart of next generation nanophotonic platforms. However, on-chip electrical photodetection of structured vortex light remains challenging. Here, we propose an on-chip photodetector based on 2D broadband thermoelectric material (PdSe2) with a well-designed spin-Hall couplers to directly characterize angular momentum modes of vortex structured light. Photothermoelectric responses in the PdSe2 nanoflake, excited by the focusing surface plasmons, show a magnitude proportional to the total angular momentum modes of the infrared vortex beams, thereby achieving direct detection of spin and orbital angular momentum, as well as the chirality and ellipticity of scalar vortex lights. Our works provide a promising strategy for developing on-chip angular momentum optoelectronic devices, which play a key role in the next-generation high-capacity optical communications, quantum information and computing, imaging, and other photonic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjin Dai
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chongwu Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Fangyuan Sun
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qi Jie Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
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3
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He C, Tang Z, Liu L, Maier SA, Wang X, Ren H, Pan A. Nonlinear Boost of Optical Angular Momentum Selectivity by Hybrid Nanolaser Circuits. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:1784-1791. [PMID: 38265953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Selective control of light is essential for optical science and technology, with numerous applications. However, optical selectivity in the angular momentum of light has been quite limited, remaining constant by increasing the incident light power on previous passive optical devices. Here, we demonstrate a nonlinear boost of optical selectivity in both the spin and orbital angular momentum of light through near-field selective excitation of single-mode nanolasers. Our designed hybrid nanolaser circuits consist of plasmonic metasurfaces and individually placed perovskite nanowires, enabling subwavelength focusing of angular-momentum-distinctive plasmonic fields and further selective excitation of nanolasers in nanowires. The optically selected nanolaser with a nonlinear increase of light emission greatly enhances the baseline optical selectivity offered by the metasurface from about 0.4 up to near unity. Our demonstrated hybrid nanophotonic platform may find important applications in all-optical logic gates and nanowire networks, ultrafast optical switches, nanophotonic detectors, and on-chip optical and quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglin He
- Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration and Key Laboratory for MicroNano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zilan Tang
- Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration and Key Laboratory for MicroNano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Liang Liu
- Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration and Key Laboratory for MicroNano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Stefan A Maier
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration and Key Laboratory for MicroNano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Ren
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Anlian Pan
- Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration and Key Laboratory for MicroNano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
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4
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Zhang GB, Gao XZ, Sun XF, Ma R, Wang Y, Pan Y. Airy-Gaussian vector beam and its application in generating flexible optical chains. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:30319-30331. [PMID: 37710576 DOI: 10.1364/oe.498492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the manipulation of structured optical beam has become an attractive and promising area. The Gaussian beam is the most common beam as the output beam of the laser, and the Airy beam is recently proposed with fascinating properties and applications. In this paper, for the first time to our knowledge, the polarization is used as a tool to design a new kind of Airy-Gaussian vector beam by connecting the Gaussian and Airy functions, which opens a new avenue in designing new beams based on the existed beams. We realize the Airy-Gaussian vector beam with space-variant polarization distribution in theory and experiment, and find that the vector beam can autofocus twice during propagation. The optical chains with flexible intensity peaks are achieved with the Airy-Gaussian vector beam, which can be applied in trapping and delivering particles including biological cells and Rydberg atoms. Such optical chains can significantly improve the trapping efficiency, reduce the heat accumulation, and sweep away the impurity particles.
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5
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Ren H, Maier SA. Nanophotonic Materials for Twisted-Light Manipulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2106692. [PMID: 34716627 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Twisted light, an unbounded set of helical spatial modes carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM), offers not only fundamental new insights into structured light-matter interactions, but also a new degree of freedom to boost optical and quantum information capacity. However, current OAM experiments still rely on bulky, expensive, and slow-response diffractive or refractive optical elements, hindering today's OAM systems to be largely deployed. In the last decade, nanophotonics has transformed the photonic design and unveiled a diverse range of compact and multifunctional nanophotonic devices harnessing the generation and detection of OAM modes. Recent metasurface devices developed for OAM generation in both real and momentum space, presenting design principle and exemplary devices, are summarized. Moreover, recent development of whispering-gallery-mode-based passive and tunable microcavities, capable of extracting degenerate OAM modes for on-chip vortex emission and lasing, is summarized. In addition, the design principle of different plasmonic devices and photodetectors recently developed for on-chip OAM detection is discussed. Current challenges faced by the nanophotonic field for twisted-light manipulation and future advances to meet these challenges are further discussed. It is believed that twisted-light manipulation in nanophotonics will continue to make significant impact on future development of ultracompact, ultrahigh-capacity, and ultrahigh-speed OAM systems-on-a-chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Ren
- MQ Photonics Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Stefan A Maier
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80539, Munich, Germany
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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6
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Chen C, Li X, Yang G, Chen X, Liu S, Guo Y, Li H. Computational hyperspectral devices based on quasi-random metasurface supercells. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:8854-8862. [PMID: 37114970 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00884c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Computational hyperspectral devices that use artificial filters have shown promise as compact spectral devices. However, the current designs are restricted by limited types and geometric parameters of unit cells, resulting in a high cross-correlation between the transmission spectra. This limitation prevents the fulfillment of the requirement for compressed-sensing-based spectral reconstruction. To address this challenge, we proposed and simulated a novel design for computational hyperspectral devices based on quasi-random metasurface supercells. The size of the quasi-random metasurface supercell was extended above the wavelength, which enables the exploration of a larger variety of symmetrical supercell structures. Consequently, more quasi-random supercells with lower polarization sensitivity and their spectra with low cross-correlation were obtained. Devices for narrowband spectral reconstruction and broadband hyperspectral single-shot imaging were designed and fabricated. Combined with the genetic algorithm with compressed sensing, the narrowband spectral reconstruction device reconstructs the complex narrowband hyperspectral signal with 6 nm spectral resolution and ultralow errors. The broadband hyperspectral device reconstructs a broadband hyperspectral image (λ/λ ∼ 0.001) with a high average signal fidelity of 92%. This device has the potential to be integrated into a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) chip for single-shot imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215163, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Xiaoyin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China.
| | - Gang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Optoelectronics, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaohu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Shoupeng Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215163, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Yinghui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Optoelectronics, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215163, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China
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7
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Chen Y, Zheng X, Zhang X, Pan W, Wang Z, Li S, Dong S, Liu F, He Q, Zhou L, Sun S. Efficient Meta-couplers Squeezing Propagating Light into On-Chip Subwavelength Devices in a Controllable Way. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:3326-3333. [PMID: 37026788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
On-chip photonic systems play crucial roles in nanoscience and nanoapplications, but coupling external light to these subwavelength devices is challenging due to a large mode mismatch. Here, we establish a new scheme for realizing highly miniaturized couplers for efficiently exciting on-chip photonic devices in a controllable way. Relying on both resonant and Pancharatnam-Berry mechanisms, our meta-device can couple circularly polarized light to a surface plasmon, which is then focused into a spot placed with a target on-chip device. We experimentally demonstrate two meta-couplers. The first can excite an on-chip waveguide (with a 0.1λ × 0.2λ cross section) with an absolute efficiency of 51%, while the second can achieve incident spin-selective excitation of a dual-waveguide system. Background-free excitation of a gap-plasmon nanocavity with the local field enhanced by >1000 times is numerically demonstrated. Such a scheme connects efficiently propagating light in free space and localized fields in on-chip devices, being highly favored in many integration-optics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhen Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Ultra Precision Optical Manufacturing, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Weikang Pan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Ultra Precision Optical Manufacturing, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shiqing Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Ultra Precision Optical Manufacturing, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaohua Dong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Ultra Precision Optical Manufacturing, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feifei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- College Physics & Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Qiong He
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Shulin Sun
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Ultra Precision Optical Manufacturing, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang, China
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8
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Liu S, Wang X, Ni J, Cao Y, Li J, Wang C, Hu Y, Chu J, Wu D. Optical Encryption in the Photonic Orbital Angular Momentum Dimension via Direct-Laser-Writing 3D Chiral Metahelices. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:2304-2311. [PMID: 36880306 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Vortex beams, which intrinsically possess optical orbital angular momentum (OAM), are considered as one of the promising chiral light waves for classical optical communications and quantum information processing. For a long time, it has been an expectation to utilize artificial three-dimensional (3D) chiral metamaterials to manipulate the transmission of vortex beams for practical optical display applications. Here, we demonstrate the concept of selective transmission management of vortex beams with opposite OAM modes assisted by the designed 3D chiral metahelices. Utilizing the integrated array of the metahelices, a series of optical operations, including display, hiding, and even encryption, can be realized by the parallel processing of multiple vortex beams. The results open up an intriguing route for metamaterial-dominated optical OAM processing, which fosters the development of photonic angular momentum engineering and high-security optical encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xinghao Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jincheng Ni
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jiawen Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chaowei Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yanlei Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jiaru Chu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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9
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Elbanna A, Jiang H, Fu Q, Zhu JF, Liu Y, Zhao M, Liu D, Lai S, Chua XW, Pan J, Shen ZX, Wu L, Liu Z, Qiu CW, Teng J. 2D Material Infrared Photonics and Plasmonics. ACS NANO 2023; 17:4134-4179. [PMID: 36821785 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, MXenes, and semimetals have attracted extensive and widespread interest over the past years for their many intriguing properties and phenomena, underlying physics, and great potential for applications. The vast library of 2D materials and their heterostructures provides a diverse range of electrical, photonic, mechanical, and chemical properties with boundless opportunities for photonics and plasmonic devices. The infrared (IR) regime, with wavelengths across 0.78 μm to 1000 μm, has particular technological significance in industrial, military, commercial, and medical settings while facing challenges especially in the limit of materials. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the varied approaches taken to leverage the properties of the 2D materials for IR applications in photodetection and sensing, light emission and modulation, surface plasmon and phonon polaritons, non-linear optics, and Smith-Purcell radiation, among others. The strategies examined include the growth and processing of 2D materials, the use of various 2D materials like semiconductors, semimetals, Weyl-semimetals and 2D heterostructures or mixed-dimensional hybrid structures, and the engineering of light-matter interactions through nanophotonics, metasurfaces, and 2D polaritons. Finally, we give an outlook on the challenges in realizing high-performance and ambient-stable devices and the prospects for future research and large-scale commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elbanna
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Qundong Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES, UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Juan-Feng Zhu
- Science, Mathematics and Technology (SMT), Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Yuanda Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Meng Zhao
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Dongjue Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Samuel Lai
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Xian Wei Chua
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Jisheng Pan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Ze Xiang Shen
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Energy Research Institute@NTU, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- The Photonics Institute and Center for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Lin Wu
- Science, Mathematics and Technology (SMT), Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Singapore
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES, UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Jinghua Teng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
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10
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Zhu J, Zhang H, Wang Z, Zhao X, Lu X, Cai Y, Zhao C. Coherence singularity and evolution of partially coherent Bessel-Gaussian vortex beams. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:9308-9318. [PMID: 37157503 DOI: 10.1364/oe.483647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
For a partially coherent Bessel-Gaussian (PCBG) vortex beam, information regarding the topological charge (TC) is hidden in the phase of the cross-spectral density (CSD) function. We theoretically and experimentally confirmed that during free-space propagation, the number of coherence singularities is equal to the magnitude of the TC. In contrast to the Laguerre-Gaussian vortex beam, this quantitative relationship only holds for the case with an off-axis reference point for the PCBG vortex beam. The phase winding direction is determined by the sign of the TC. We developed a scheme for CSD phase measurement of PCBG vortex beams and verified the aforementioned quantitative relationship at different propagation distances and coherence widths. The findings of this study may be useful for optical communications.
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11
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Li N, Zou Q, Zhao B, Min C, Yuan X, Somekh M, Feng F. Near-field manipulation of Tamm plasmon polaritons. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:7321-7335. [PMID: 36859866 DOI: 10.1364/oe.481440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tamm plasmon polaritons (TPPs) arise from electromagnetic resonant phenomena which appear at the interface between a metallic film and a distributed Bragg reflector. They differ from surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), since TPPs possess both cavity mode properties and surface plasmon characteristics. In this paper, the propagation properties of TPPs are carefully investigated. With the aid of nanoantenna couplers, polarization-controlled TPP waves can propagate directionally. By combining nanoantenna couplers with Fresnel zone plates, asymmetric double focusing of TPP wave is observed. Moreover, radial unidirectional coupling of the TPP wave can be achieved when the nanoantenna couplers are arranged along a circular or a spiral shape, which shows superior focusing ability compared to a single circular or spiral groove since the electric field intensity at the focal point is 4 times larger. In comparison with SPPs, TPPs possess higher excitation efficiency and lower propagation loss. The numerical investigation shows that TPP waves have great potential in integrated photonics and on-chip devices.
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12
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Wu JW, Cong R, Xu S, Liu YF. Spatially modulated light harvesting with plasmonic crescent metasurface. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:6440-6443. [PMID: 36538457 DOI: 10.1364/ol.478778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Harvesting light by metallic structures with sharp corners, or the so-called photonic singularities, has exhibit their potential in nanophotonics, sensing, and bio-medical applications. The high-quality light confinement of the light energy mainly relies on the precise preparation of nanoscale photonic singularities. However, the realization of massive photonic singularities still meets the challenges on integration and low-cost mask multiplexing. Here, we show an angle-dependent elevated nanosphere lithography to achieve massive photonic singularities for spatially modulated light harvesting at the near-infrared regime. The photonic geometrical singularity is constructed by the gold crescent array of plasmonic materials. The numerical simulation shows that the light can be localized at the spatially distributed singularities. This phenomenon is verified experimentally through the infrared spectral measurement. Our work provides the possibility to produce integrated light-harvesting devices for numerous optical applications in illumination, display, and enhanced nonlinear excitation.
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13
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Li F, Yang ZY, Shi JJ, He XB. Subwavelength dichroic demultiplexer based on double Fabry-Perot cavities. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:37753-37759. [PMID: 36258357 DOI: 10.1364/oe.472582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic demultiplexers hold promise for the realization of the subwavelength and high-splitting ratio dichroic splitter and have a wide range of applications from optical communication, and manipulation to ultrafast data treatment. However, this vision has not been realized for a long time due to lacking the suitable splitting structure design, which limits its further development of integrated photonic circuits. Here, we demonstrate a plasmonic demultiplexer with subwavelength feature size (0.54 µm) and broadband spectral (620-870 nm) range, and high-splitting ratio (17 dB in experiments and 20 dB in calculations). It consists of two adjacent Fabry-Perot cavities (covered by PMMA polymer) and coupling gratings, which are integrated with the Au waveguide. The relatively simple double cavities design of our device has a simple theoretical analysis and fabrication process. Our work has relevance for various optical applications, such as multiple wavelength photodetectors and optical multichannel interconnects.
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14
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Ji CY, Li X, Chen S, Liu X, Han Y, Hong X, Liang Q, Liu J, Li J. Recent progress on artificial propeller chirality and related circular dichroism engineering. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2022. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2022-0492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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15
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Feng F, Gan JA, Nong J, Chen PF, Chen G, Min C, Yuan X, Somekh M. Data transmission with up to 100 orbital angular momentum modes via commercial multi-mode fiber and parallel neural networks. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:23149-23162. [PMID: 36225001 DOI: 10.1364/oe.459810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This work presents an artificial intelligence enhanced orbital angular momentum (OAM) data transmission system. This system enables encoded data retrieval from speckle patterns generated by an incident beam carrying different topological charges (TCs) at the distal end of a multi-mode fiber. An appropriately trained network is shown to support up to 100 different fractional TCs in parallel with TC intervals as small as 0.01, thus overcoming the problems with previous methods that only supported a few modes and could not use small TC intervals. Additionally, an approach using multiple parallel neural networks is proposed that can increase the system's channel capacity without increasing individual network complexity. When compared with a single network, multiple parallel networks can achieve the better performance with reduced training data requirements, which is beneficial in saving computational capacity while also expanding the network bandwidth. Finally, we demonstrate high-fidelity image transmission using a 16-bit system and four parallel 14-bit systems via OAM mode multiplexing through a 1-km-long commercial multi-mode fiber (MMF).
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16
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Wu Y, Liu H, Chen X. Highly efficient detection of near-infrared optical vortex modes with frequency upconversion. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:2474-2477. [PMID: 35561379 DOI: 10.1364/ol.457462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have been widely applied in optical manipulations, optical micromachining, and high-capacity optical communications. Vortex mode detection is very important in various applications. However, the detection of near-infrared vortex modes is still difficult because of the wavelength limitations of the detection device. Here, we present a study on measuring optical near-infrared vortex modes with frequency upconversion, which can convert a near-infrared beam into a visible beam. In our experiment, the optical near-infrared vortex modes can be measured by the number and orientation of the fringes of the second harmonic intensity patterns. The proposed method is a convenient and flexible way to measure the different OAM of vortex beams, which may have potential applications in all kinds of circumstances that vortex modes involve.
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17
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Fu Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, He Y, Min C, Yuan X. Detecting cylindrical vector beams with an on-chip plasmonic spin-Hall metalens. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:10758-10769. [PMID: 35473035 DOI: 10.1364/oe.455148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, singular optical beams, including optical vortex (OV) beams with phase singularities and cylindrical vector beams (CVBs) with polarization singularities, have brought new degrees of freedom for many applications. Although there have been various microscale devices for OV detection, the detection of CVBs with a microscale device is still a challenge. Here, we propose a new method for detection of CVBs with a designed on-chip plasmonic spin-Hall metalens structure. The focal position of the metalens and the splitting effect of at focus are studied in both an analytical model and numerical simulation. The results demonstrate that the metalens can not only detect different polarization orders of incident CVBs but also have an ability to distinguish radial, azimuthal and other vectorial polarization states under the same order of CVBs. This method has potential applications in compact integrated optical communication and processing systems.
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18
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Liu H, Xie Z, Xu J, Yuan L. On-Chip Photon Angular Momentum Absolute Measurement Based on Angle Detection. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12050847. [PMID: 35269334 PMCID: PMC8912498 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Photon angular momentum (AM) has been widely studied due to its unique properties. The accurate detection of photon AM is very important in its wide applications. Though various on-chip AM detectors based on surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) have been proposed, most of them can only realize relative measurement. For example, most photon orbital angular momentum (OAM) detectors measure the high order OAM via measuring the relative interval between the intensity spots of the SPPs excited by the target order OAM beam and the reference order (usually 0th order) OAM beam. In this paper, we propose a simple on-chip photon AM detector. It can realize absolute measurement of photon OAM via angle detection, whose measurement result does not depend on the measurement of any reference OAM beam. At the same time, it can also recognize photon spin angular momentum (SAM). The proposed detector provides a new way for absolute measurement of photon AM, which may have some potential applications in the field of integrated photonic device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houquan Liu
- Photonics Research Center, School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China; (Z.X.); (J.X.); (L.Y.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing, Guilin University of Electronics Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instrument, Guilin University of Electronics Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Zhenghao Xie
- Photonics Research Center, School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China; (Z.X.); (J.X.); (L.Y.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing, Guilin University of Electronics Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jiankang Xu
- Photonics Research Center, School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China; (Z.X.); (J.X.); (L.Y.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing, Guilin University of Electronics Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Libo Yuan
- Photonics Research Center, School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China; (Z.X.); (J.X.); (L.Y.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing, Guilin University of Electronics Technology, Guilin 541004, China
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19
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Geometric-phase-based shearing interferometry for broadband vortex state decoding. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3015. [PMID: 35194124 PMCID: PMC8864010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07083-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Given that spin and orbital angular momenta of photons have been widely investigated in optical communication and information processing systems, efficient decoding of optical vortex states using a single element is highly anticipated. In this work, a wavelength-independent holographic scheme has been proposed for total angular momentum sorting of both scalar and vector vortex states with a stationary broadband geometric-phase waveplate by means of reference-free shearing interferometry. The entangled spin and orbital angular momentum modes can be distinguished simultaneously based on the spin–orbit optical Hall effect in order to realize single-shot vortex detection. The viability of our scheme has also been demonstrated experimentally.
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20
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Ma Y, Liu B, Huang Z, Li J, Han Z, Wu D, Zhou J, Ma Y, Wu Q, Maeda H. High-directionality spin-selective routing of photons in plasmonic nanocircuits. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:428-432. [PMID: 34897351 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05733b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Efficient on-chip manipulation of photon spin is of crucial importance in developing future integrated nanophotonics as is electron spin in spintronics. The unidirectionality induced by the interaction between spin and orbital angular momenta suffers low efficiency in classical macroscopic optics, while it can be highly enhanced on subwavelength scales with suitable architectures. Here we propose and demonstrate a spin-sorting achiral split-ring coupler to unidirectionally excite dielectric-loaded plasmonic modes in two independent waveguides. We found experimentally that the impinging light with different spin can be selectively directed into one of two branching plasmonic waveguides with a directionality contrast up to 15.1 dB. A circular-helicity-independent compact beam splitter is also realized demonstrating great potential in designing complex interconnect nanocircuits. The illustrated approach is believed to open new avenues for developing advanced optical functionalities with a flexible degree of freedom in manipulation of on-chip chirality within chiral optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqiao Ma
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Zhiqin Huang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Jinhua Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Zhanghua Han
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Institute of Photonics, Faculty of Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3J 2X4, Canada
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of physics and electrical engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle, NE18ST UK
| | - Hiroshi Maeda
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan
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21
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Ge S, Liu W, Sun X, Zhang J, Yang P, Xi Y, Zhou S, Zhu Y, Pu X. Efficient Achromatic Broadband Focusing and Polarization Manipulation of a Novel Designed Multifunctional Metasurface Zone Plate. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123436. [PMID: 34947785 PMCID: PMC8708421 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, comprehensively utilizing the diffraction theory and electromagnetic resonance effect is creatively employed to design a multifunctional metasurface zone plate (MMZP) and achieve the control of polarization states, while maintaining a broadband achromatic converging property in a near-IR region. The MMZP consists of several rings with fixed width and varying heights; each ring has a number of nanofins (usually called meta-atoms). The numerical simulation method is used to analyze the intensity distribution and polarization state of the emergent light, and the results show that the designed MMZP can realize the polarization manipulation while keeping the broadband in focus. For a specific design wavelength (0.7 μm), the incident light can be converted from left circularly polarized light to right circularly polarized light after passing through the MMZP, and the focusing efficiency reaches above 35%, which is more than twice as much as reported in the literature. Moreover, the achromatic broadband focusing property of the MMZP is independent with the polarization state of the incident light. This approach broadens degrees of freedom in micro-nano optical design, and is expected to find applications in multifunctional focusing devices and polarization imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (P.Y.); Tel.: +86-029-83208114 (W.L.)
| | | | | | - Pengfei Yang
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (P.Y.); Tel.: +86-029-83208114 (W.L.)
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22
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Cao H, Yuan R, Xu C, Zhang Y, Hu W. Broadband decoupled spin and orbital angular momentum detection via programming dual-twist reactive mesogens. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:5751-5754. [PMID: 34780453 DOI: 10.1364/ol.443894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of spin and orbital angular momentum mode division multiplexing to existing wavelength division multiplexing will significantly enlarge the capacity of optical networks. Therefore, components compatible with the above techniques are in high demand. Here, a geometric phase combined a Dammann vortex grating, and a polarization grating is designed and encoded to a dual-twist reactive mesogen. It can generate a couple of vortex channel arrays highly efficiently in broadband. Meanwhile, orthogonal spins are spatially separated, facilitating spin identification. A vortex will recover to a Gaussian beam when it is diffracted to an order with opposite topological charge, which enables the detection of orbital angular momentum. It supplies a parallel and efficient way for decoupled spin and orbital angular momentum detection operating at the entire visible range, and the design may be extended to many other compatible optical communication components.
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23
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Ni J, Huang C, Zhou LM, Gu M, Song Q, Kivshar Y, Qiu CW. Multidimensional phase singularities in nanophotonics. Science 2021; 374:eabj0039. [PMID: 34672745 DOI: 10.1126/science.abj0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Ni
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Can Huang
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lei-Ming Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Min Gu
- Institute of Photonic Chips, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Centre for Artificial-Intelligence Nanophotonics, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinghai Song
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006 Shanxi, China
| | - Yuri Kivshar
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
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24
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Ren H, Wang X, Li C, He C, Wang Y, Pan A, Maier SA. Orbital-Angular-Momentum-Controlled Hybrid Nanowire Circuit. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:6220-6227. [PMID: 34264683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures can enable compact multiplexing of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light; however, strong dissipation of the highly localized OAM-distinct plasmonic fields in the near-field region hinders on-chip OAM transmission and processing. Superior transmission efficiency is offered by semiconductor nanowires sustaining highly confined optical modes, but only the polarization degree of freedom has been utilized for their selective excitation. Here we demonstrate that incident OAM beams can selectively excite single-crystalline cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanowires through coupling OAM-distinct plasmonic fields into nanowire waveguides for long-distance transportation. This allows us to build an OAM-controlled hybrid nanowire circuit for optical logic operations including AND and OR gates. In addition, this circuit enables the on-chip photoluminescence readout of OAM-encrypted information. Our results open exciting new avenues not only for nanowire photonics to develop OAM-controlled optical switches, logic gates, and modulators but also for OAM photonics to build ultracompact photonic circuits for information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Ren
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München 80539, Germany
- MQ Photonics Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenhao Li
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München 80539, Germany
| | - Chenglin He
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixiong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Anlian Pan
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Stefan A Maier
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München 80539, Germany
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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25
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Liu H, Xie Z, Cheng Y, Yuan L. On-chip continuous position control of phase singularities in nanoscale. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:17375-17386. [PMID: 34154282 DOI: 10.1364/oe.425634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, continuous position control of plasmonic phase singularities on a metal-air interface is achieved based on the misaligned coupling between the optical axis of vortex beam and nano ring plasmonic lens. The formula of surface plasmon polaritons field distribution in this case is derived. The offset distance and direction between the optical axis of the vortex beam and the center of the nano ring is used to control the distance and the angular distribution of the phase singularities in nanoscale, respectively. This can promote the accurate positioning of phase singularities in practical applications and provide a deeper understanding of the misaligned coupling between vortex beams and nano ring plasmonic lens.
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26
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Han C, Wang Y, Zhou W, Liang M, Ye J. Strong anisotropic enhancement of photoluminescence in WS 2 integrated with plasmonic nanowire array. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10080. [PMID: 33980867 PMCID: PMC8115162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89136-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have shown great potential for a wide range of applications in photonics and optoelectronics. Nevertheless, valley decoherence severely randomizes its polarization which is important to a light emitter. Plasmonic metasurface with a unique way to manipulate the light-matter interaction may provide an effective and practical solution. Here by integrating TMDCs with plasmonic nanowire arrays, we demonstrate strong anisotropic enhancement of the excitonic emission at different spectral positions. For the indirect bandgap transition in bilayer WS2, multifold enhancement can be achieved with the photoluminescence (PL) polarization either perpendicular or parallel to the long axis of nanowires, which arises from the coupling of WS2 with localized or guided plasmon modes, respectively. Moreover, PL of high linearity is obtained in the direct bandgap transition benefiting from, in addition to the plasmonic enhancement, the directional diffraction scattering of nanowire arrays. Our method with enhanced PL intensity contrasts to the conventional form-birefringence based on the aspect ratio of nanowire arrays where the intensity loss is remarkable. Our results provide a prototypical plasmon-exciton hybrid system for anisotropic enhancement of the PL at the nanoscale, enabling simultaneous control of the intensity, polarization and wavelength toward practical ultrathin photonic devices based on TMDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrui Han
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Device Physics of Complex Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Weihu Zhou
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Minpeng Liang
- Device Physics of Complex Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jianting Ye
- Device Physics of Complex Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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27
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Guo Y, Zhang S, Pu M, He Q, Jin J, Xu M, Zhang Y, Gao P, Luo X. Spin-decoupled metasurface for simultaneous detection of spin and orbital angular momenta via momentum transformation. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:63. [PMID: 33767137 PMCID: PMC7994415 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00497-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
With inherent orthogonality, both the spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) of photons have been utilized to expand the dimensions of quantum information, optical communications, and information processing, wherein simultaneous detection of SAMs and OAMs with a single element and a single-shot measurement is highly anticipated. Here, a single azimuthal-quadratic phase metasurface-based photonic momentum transformation (PMT) is illustrated and utilized for vortex recognition. Since different vortices are converted into focusing patterns with distinct azimuthal coordinates on a transverse plane through PMT, OAMs within a large mode space can be determined through a single-shot measurement. Moreover, spin-controlled dual-functional PMTs are proposed for simultaneous SAM and OAM sorting, which is implemented by a single spin-decoupled metasurface that merges both the geometric phase and dynamic phase. Interestingly, our proposed method can detect vectorial vortices with both phase and polarization singularities, as well as superimposed vortices with a certain interval step. Experimental results obtained at several wavelengths in the visible band exhibit good agreement with the numerical modeling. With the merits of ultracompact device size, simple optical configuration, and prominent vortex recognition ability, our approach may underpin the development of integrated and high-dimensional optical and quantum systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610209, China
- School of Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shicong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610209, China
- School of Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mingbo Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610209, China
- School of Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiong He
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610209, China
| | - Jinjin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610209, China
| | - Mingfeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610209, China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610209, China
- School of Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ping Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610209, China
| | - Xiangang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610209, China.
- School of Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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28
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Wang Y, Zeng S, Crunteanu A, Xie Z, Humbert G, Ma L, Wei Y, Brunel A, Bessette B, Orlianges JC, Lalloué F, Schmidt OG, Yu N, Ho HP. Targeted Sub-Attomole Cancer Biomarker Detection Based on Phase Singularity 2D Nanomaterial-Enhanced Plasmonic Biosensor. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:96. [PMID: 34138312 PMCID: PMC7985234 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00613-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A zero-reflection-induced phase singularity is achieved through precisely controlling the resonance characteristics using two-dimensional nanomaterials. An atomically thin nano-layer having a high absorption coefficient is exploited to enhance the zero-reflection dip, which has led to the subsequent phase singularity and thus a giant lateral position shift. We have improved the detection limit of low molecular weight molecules by more than three orders of magnitude compared to current state-of-art nanomaterial-enhanced plasmonic sensors. Detection of small cancer biomarkers with low molecular weight and a low concentration range has always been challenging yet urgent in many clinical applications such as diagnosing early-stage cancer, monitoring treatment and detecting relapse. Here, a highly enhanced plasmonic biosensor that can overcome this challenge is developed using atomically thin two-dimensional phase change nanomaterial. By precisely engineering the configuration with atomically thin materials, the phase singularity has been successfully achieved with a significantly enhanced lateral position shift effect. Based on our knowledge, it is the first experimental demonstration of a lateral position signal change > 340 μm at a sensing interface from all optical techniques. With this enhanced plasmonic effect, the detection limit has been experimentally demonstrated to be 10-15 mol L-1 for TNF-α cancer marker, which has been found in various human diseases including inflammatory diseases and different kinds of cancer. The as-reported novel integration of atomically thin Ge2Sb2Te5 with plasmonic substrate, which results in a phase singularity and thus a giant lateral position shift, enables the detection of cancer markers with low molecular weight at femtomolar level. These results will definitely hold promising potential in biomedical application and clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuye Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- CNRS, XLIM Research Institute, UMR 7252, University of Limoges, 123, Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges, France
| | - Shuwen Zeng
- CNRS, XLIM Research Institute, UMR 7252, University of Limoges, 123, Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges, France.
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA.
| | - Aurelian Crunteanu
- CNRS, XLIM Research Institute, UMR 7252, University of Limoges, 123, Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges, France
| | - Zhenming Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Georges Humbert
- CNRS, XLIM Research Institute, UMR 7252, University of Limoges, 123, Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges, France
| | - Libo Ma
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Aude Brunel
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, EA3842-CAPTuR, GEIST, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, Limoges, France
| | - Barbara Bessette
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, EA3842-CAPTuR, GEIST, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, Limoges, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Orlianges
- CNRS, XLIM Research Institute, UMR 7252, University of Limoges, 123, Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges, France
| | - Fabrice Lalloué
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, EA3842-CAPTuR, GEIST, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, Limoges, France
| | - Oliver G Schmidt
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nanfang Yu
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Ho-Pui Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
An on-chip optical vortex detector based on spin-Hall nanoslits is reported. The detector is sensitive to the spin of the incoming beam and can simultaneously record the polarization and phase singularity. Although the reported device relies on fast decaying surface plasmons, it represents an important step forward in the development of optical vortex-based integrated photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Karabchevsky
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501 Israel
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