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Taracha E, Czarna M, Turzyńska D, Sobolewska A, Maciejak P. Long-term disruption of tissue levels of glutamate and glutamatergic neurotransmission neuromodulators, taurine and kynurenic acid induced by amphetamine. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024; 241:1387-1398. [PMID: 38480557 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06570-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Chronic amphetamine (AMPH) use leading to addiction results in adaptive changes within the central nervous system that persist well beyond the drug's elimination from the body and can precipitate relapse. Notably, alterations in glutamatergic neurotransmission play a crucial role in drug-associated behaviours. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify changes induced by amphetamine in glutamate levels and the neuromodulators of glutamatergic neurotransmission (taurine and kynurenic acid) observable after 14 and 28 days of abstinence in key brain regions implicated in addiction: the cortex (Cx), nucleus accumbens (Acb), and dorsolateral striatum (CPu-L). METHODS The rats were administered 12 doses of amphetamine (AMPH) intraperitoneally (i.p.) at 1.5 mg/kg. The behavioural response was evaluated through ultrasonic vocalizations (USV). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure the levels of glutamate, taurine, and kynurenic acid in the Cx, Acb, and CPu-L after 14 and 28 days of abstinence. RESULTS AMPH administration led to sensitisation towards AMPH's rewarding effects, as evidenced by changes in USV. There was a noticeable decrease in kynurenic acid levels and an increase in both taurine and glutamate in the CPu-L, along with an increase in glutamate levels in the Cx, 28 days following the final AMPH injection. CONCLUSIONS The most significant changes in the tissue levels of glutamate, taurine, and kynurenic acid were seen in the CPu-L 28 days after the last dose of AMPH. The emergence of these changes exclusively after 28 days suggests that the processes initiated by AMPH use and subsequent abstinence take time to become apparent and may be enduring. This could contribute to the incubation of craving and the risk of relapse. Developing pharmacological strategies to counteract the reduction in kynurenic acid induced by psychostimulants may provide new avenues for therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Taracha
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego St, Warsaw, 02-957, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Czarna
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego St, Warsaw, 02-957, Poland
| | - Danuta Turzyńska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego St, Warsaw, 02-957, Poland
| | - Alicja Sobolewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego St, Warsaw, 02-957, Poland
| | - Piotr Maciejak
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego St, Warsaw, 02-957, Poland
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1B Banacha St, Warsaw, 02-097, Poland
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Rawani NS, Chan AW, Dursun SM, Baker GB. The Underlying Neurobiological Mechanisms of Psychosis: Focus on Neurotransmission Dysregulation, Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:709. [PMID: 38929148 PMCID: PMC11200831 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Psychosis, defined as a set of symptoms that results in a distorted sense of reality, is observed in several psychiatric disorders in addition to schizophrenia. This paper reviews the literature relevant to the underlying neurobiology of psychosis. The dopamine hypothesis has been a major influence in the study of the neurochemistry of psychosis and in development of antipsychotic drugs. However, it became clear early on that other factors must be involved in the dysfunction involved in psychosis. In the current review, it is reported how several of these factors, namely dysregulation of neurotransmitters [dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)], neuroinflammation, glia (microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes), the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the gut microbiome, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to psychosis and interact with one another. Research on psychosis has increased knowledge of the complexity of psychotic disorders. Potential new pharmacotherapies, including combinations of drugs (with pre- and probiotics in some cases) affecting several of the factors mentioned above, have been suggested. Similarly, several putative biomarkers, particularly those related to the immune system, have been proposed. Future research on both pharmacotherapy and biomarkers will require better-designed studies conducted on an all stages of psychotic disorders and must consider confounders such as sex differences and comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Glen B. Baker
- Neurochemical Research Unit and Bebensee Schizophrenia Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada; (N.S.R.); (A.W.C.); (S.M.D.)
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Zhang Y, Tong L, Ma L, Ye H, Zeng S, Zhang S, Ding Y, Wang W, Bao T. Progress in The Research of Lactate Metabolism Disruption And Astrocyte-Neuron Lactate Shuttle Impairment in Schizophrenia: A Comprehensive Review. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300409. [PMID: 38596839 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder widely recognized for its impaired bioenergy utilization. The astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle (ANLS) plays a critical role in brain energy supply. Recent studies have revealed abnormal lactate metabolism in SCZ, which is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, tissue hypoxia, gastric acid retention, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, abnormal brain iron metabolism, cerebral white matter hypermetabolic activity, and genetic susceptibility. Furthermore, astrocytes, neurons, and glutamate abnormalities are prevalent in SCZ with abnormal lactate metabolism, which are essential components for maintaining ANLS in the brain. Therefore, an in-depth study of the pathophysiological mechanisms of ANLS in SCZ with abnormal lactate metabolism will contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of SCZ and provide new ideas and approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- Mental Health Centre of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650225, P. R. China
| | - Liang Tong
- Mental Health Centre of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650225, P. R. China
| | - Li Ma
- Mental Health Centre of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650225, P. R. China
| | - Hong Ye
- Mental Health Centre of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650225, P. R. China
| | - Shue Zeng
- Mental Health Centre of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650225, P. R. China
| | - Shaochuan Zhang
- Mental Health Centre of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650225, P. R. China
| | - Yu Ding
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650101, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650101, P. R. China
| | - Tianhao Bao
- Mental Health Centre of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650225, P. R. China
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Li H, Wang C, Ma L, Xu C, Li H. EEG analysis in patients with schizophrenia based on microstate semantic modeling method. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1372985. [PMID: 38638803 PMCID: PMC11024310 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1372985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Microstate analysis enables the characterization of quasi-stable scalp potential fields on a sub-second timescale, preserving the temporal dynamics of EEG and spatial information of scalp potential distributions. Owing to its capacity to provide comprehensive pathological insights, it has been widely applied in the investigation of schizophrenia (SCZ). Nevertheless, previous research has primarily concentrated on differences in individual microstate temporal characteristics, neglecting potential distinctions in microstate semantic sequences and not fully considering the issue of the universality of microstate templates between SCZ patients and healthy individuals. Methods This study introduced a microstate semantic modeling analysis method aimed at schizophrenia recognition. Firstly, microstate templates corresponding to both SCZ patients and healthy individuals were extracted from resting-state EEG data. The introduction of a dual-template strategy makes a difference in the quality of microstate sequences. Quality features of microstate sequences were then extracted from four dimensions: Correlation, Explanation, Residual, and Dispersion. Subsequently, the concept of microstate semantic features was proposed, decomposing the microstate sequence into continuous sub-sequences. Specific semantic sub-sequences were identified by comparing the time parameters of sub-sequences. Results The SCZ recognition test was performed on the public dataset for both the quality features and semantic features of microstate sequences, yielding an impressive accuracy of 97.2%. Furthermore, cross-subject experimental validation was conducted, demonstrating that the method proposed in this paper achieves a recognition rate of 96.4% between different subjects. Discussion This research offers valuable insights for the clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia. In the future, further studies will seek to augment the sample size to enhance the effectiveness and reliability of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Li
- Faculty of Computing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Changming Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Faculty of Computing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Faculty of Computing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Haifeng Li
- Faculty of Computing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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Peng A, Chai J, Wu H, Bai B, Yang H, He W, Zhao Y. New Therapeutic Targets and Drugs for Schizophrenia Beyond Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2024; 20:607-620. [PMID: 38525480 PMCID: PMC10961082 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s455279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a disease with a complex pathological mechanism that is influenced by multiple genes. The study of its pathogenesis is dominated by the dopamine hypothesis, as well as other hypotheses such as the 5-hydroxytryptamine hypothesis, glutamate hypothesis, immune-inflammatory hypothesis, gene expression abnormality hypothesis, and neurodevelopmental abnormality hypothesis. The first generation of antipsychotics was developed based on dopaminergic receptor antagonism, which blocks dopamine D2 receptors in the brain to exert antipsychotic effects. The second generation of antipsychotics acts by dual blockade of 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine receptors. From the third generation of antipsychotics onwards, the therapeutic targets for antipsychotic schizophrenia expanded beyond D2 receptor blockade to explore D2 receptor partial agonism and the antipsychotic effects of new targets such as D3, 5-HT1A, 5-HT7, and mGlu2/3 receptors. The main advantages of the second and third generation antipsychotics over first-generation antipsychotics are the reduction of side effects and the improvement of negative symptoms, and even though third-generation antipsychotics do not directly block D2 receptors, the modulation of the dopamine transmitter system is still an important part of their antipsychotic process. According to recent research, several receptors, including 5-hydroxytryptamine, glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid, acetylcholine receptors and norepinephrine, play a role in the development of schizophrenia. Therefore, the focus of developing new antipsychotic drugs has shifted towards agonism or inhibition of these receptors. Specifically, the development of NMDARs stimulants, GABA receptor agonists, mGlu receptor modulators, cholinergic receptor modulators, 5-HT2C receptor agonists and alpha-2 receptor modulators has become the main direction. Animal experiments have confirmed the antipsychotic effects of these drugs, but their pharmacokinetics and clinical applicability still require further exploration. Research on alternative targets for antipsychotic drugs, beyond the dopamine D2 receptor, has expanded the potential treatment options for schizophrenia and gives an important way to address the challenge of refractory schizophrenia. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the research on therapeutic targets and medications for schizophrenia, offering valuable insights for both treatment and further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aineng Peng
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Chai
- Heilongjiang Mental Hospital, Harbin, 150036, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyuan Wu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Bai
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 311100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huihui Yang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weizhi He
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghou Zhao
- Heilongjiang Mental Hospital, Harbin, 150036, People’s Republic of China
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Liang C, Li F, Gu C, Xie L, Yan W, Wang X, Shi R, Linghu S, Liu T. Metabolomic profiling of ocular tissues in rabbit myopia: Uncovering differential metabolites and pathways. Exp Eye Res 2024; 240:109796. [PMID: 38244883 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the metabolic difference among tissue layers of the rabbits' eye during the development of myopia using metabolomic techniques and explore any metabolic links or cascades within the ocular wall. Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was utilized for untargeted metabolite screening (UMS) to identify the significant differential metabolites produced between myopia (MY) and control (CT) (horizontal). Subsequently, we compared those key metabolites among tissues (Sclera, Choroid, Retina) of MY for distribution and variation (longitudinal). A total of 6285 metabolites were detected in the three tissues. The differential metabolites were screened and the metabolic pathways of these metabolites in each myopic tissue were labeled, including tryptophan and its metabolites, pyruvate, taurine, caffeine metabolites, as well as neurotransmitters like glutamate and dopamine. Our study suggests that multiple metabolic pathways or different metabolites under the same pathway, might act on different parts of the eyeball and contribute to the occurrence and development of myopia by affecting the energy supply to the ocular tissues, preventing antioxidant stress, affecting scleral collagen synthesis, and regulating various neurotransmitters mutually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengpeng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Fayuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Chengqi Gu
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ling Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Wen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xiaoye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Rong Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Shaorong Linghu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Taixiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou Province, China.
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Yang H, Peng R, Yang M, Zhang J, Shi Z, Zhang X. Association between elevated serum matrix metalloproteinase-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and clinical symptoms in male patients with treatment-resistant and chronic medicated schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:173. [PMID: 38429778 PMCID: PMC10905811 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05621-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation has an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in male patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) and chronic medicated schizophrenia (CMS), and the relationship with psychopathology. METHODS The study enrolled 31 TRS and 49 cm male patients, and 53 healthy controls. Serum MMP-2 and TNF-α levels were measured by the Luminex liquid suspension chip detection method. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores were used to evaluate symptom severity and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status was used to assess cognitive function. RESULTS Serum TNF-α and MMP-2 levels differed significantly between TRS, CMS and healthy control patients (F = 4.289, P = 0.016; F = 4.682, P = 0.011, respectively). Bonferroni correction demonstrated that serum TNF-α levels were significantly elevated in CMS patients (P = 0.022) and MMP-2 levels were significantly higher in TRS patients (P = 0.014) compared to healthy controls. In TRS patients, TNF-α was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.435, P = 0.015) and age of onset (r=-0.409, P = 0.022). In CMS patients, MMP-2 and TNF-α were negatively correlated with PANSS negative and total scores, and TNF-α was negatively correlated with PANSS general psychopathology scores (all P < 0.05). MMP-2 levels were positively correlated with TNF-α levels (P < 0.05), but not with cognitive function (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The results indicate the involvement of inflammation in the etiology of TRS and CMS. Further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated KangDa College of Nanjing Medical University, 222003, Lianyungang, P.R. China
- Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, 215137, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ruijie Peng
- Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, 215137, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Man Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated KangDa College of Nanjing Medical University, 222003, Lianyungang, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated KangDa College of Nanjing Medical University, 222003, Lianyungang, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated KangDa College of Nanjing Medical University, 222003, Lianyungang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobin Zhang
- Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, 215137, Suzhou, P.R. China.
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Lv Y, Wen L, Hu WJ, Deng C, Ren HW, Bao YN, Su BW, Gao P, Man ZY, Luo YY, Li CJ, Xiang ZX, Wang B, Luan ZL. Schizophrenia in the genetic era: a review from development history, clinical features and genomic research approaches to insights of susceptibility genes. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:147-171. [PMID: 37542622 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01271-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a devastating neuropsychiatric disorder affecting 1% of the world population and ranks as one of the disorders providing the most severe burden for society. Schizophrenia etiology remains obscure involving multi-risk factors, such as genetic, environmental, nutritional, and developmental factors. Complex interactions of genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia. This review provides an overview of the historical origins, pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnosis, clinical symptoms and corresponding treatment of schizophrenia. In addition, as schizophrenia is a polygenic, genetic disorder caused by the combined action of multiple micro-effective genes, we further detail several approaches, such as candidate gene association study (CGAS) and genome-wide association study (GWAS), which are commonly used in schizophrenia genomics studies. A number of GWASs about schizophrenia have been performed with the hope to identify novel, consistent and influential risk genetic factors. Finally, some schizophrenia susceptibility genes have been identified and reported in recent years and their biological functions are also listed. This review may serve as a summary of past research on schizophrenia genomics and susceptibility genes (NRG1, DISC1, RELN, BDNF, MSI2), which may point the way to future schizophrenia genetics research. In addition, depending on the above discovery of susceptibility genes and their exact function, the development and application of antipsychotic drugs will be promoted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Lv
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Lin Wen
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Wen-Juan Hu
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Chong Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027, China
| | - Hui-Wen Ren
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Ya-Nan Bao
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Bo-Wei Su
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Ping Gao
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Zi-Yue Man
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yi-Yang Luo
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Cheng-Jie Li
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Xiang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Central hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116000, China.
| | - Zhi-Lin Luan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
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García-Carmona JA, García-Pérez A, Isidro García G, Forcen-Muñoz LA, Ovejero García S, Sáez Povedano R, González-Galdámez AL, Mata Iturralde L, Hernández-Sánchez F, Ramirez Bonilla M, Fuentes-Pérez P, Ovejas-Catalán C, Suárez-Pinilla P, Valdivia-Muñoz F, Fernández Abascal B, Omaña Colmenares M, de Lourdes Martín-Pérez Á, Campos-Navarro MP, Baca-García E, Benavente-López S, Raya Platero A, Barberán Navalón M, Sánchez-Alonso S, Vázquez-Bourgon J, Pappa S. Preliminary data from a 4-year mirror-image and multicentre study of patients initiating paliperidone palmitate 6-monthly long-acting injectable antipsychotic: the Paliperidone 2 per Year study. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2023; 13:20451253231220907. [PMID: 38152569 PMCID: PMC10752040 DOI: 10.1177/20451253231220907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Paliperidone palmitate 6-monthly (PP6M) is the first long-acting antipsychotic injectable (LAI) to allow for only two medication administrations per year, though there is presently limited insight into its effectiveness and potential added value in real clinical practice conditions. Objectives To present our ongoing study and draw its preliminary data on patient characteristics initiating PP6M and adherence during the first year of treatment. Methods The paliperidone 2 per year (P2Y) study is a 4-year, multicentre, prospective mirror-image pragmatic study taking place at over 20 different sites in Europe. The mirror period covers 2 years either side of the PP6M LAI initiation. Retrospective data for the previous 2 years are collected for each patient from the electronic health records. Prospective data are recorded at baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months of drug administration and also cover information on concomitant psychiatric medication, relapses, hospital admissions, side effects, discontinuation and its reasons. Meanwhile, here we present preliminary data from the P2Y study at basal and 6-month period (first and second PP6M administration). Results At the point of PP6M initiation, the most frequent diagnosis was schizophrenia (69%), the clinical global impression scale mean score was 3.5 (moderately markedly ill) and the rate of previous hospital admissions per patient and year was 0.21. PP6M was initiated after a median of 3-4 years on previous treatment: 146 (73%) from paliperidone palmitate 3-monthly, 37 (19%) from paliperidone palmitate 1-monthly and 17 (9%) from other antipsychotics. The mean dose of the first PP6M was 1098.9 mg. The retention rate at 6 months and 1 year of treatment on PP6M in our cohort was 94%. Conclusion Patient and clinician preference for LAIs with longer dosing intervals was the main reason for PP6M initiation/switching resulting in high treatment persistence. Future data are needed to evaluate the full impact of PP6M in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio García-Carmona
- Department of Neurology, Santa Lucía University Hospital, C/Mezquita s/n 30202, Cartagena, Murcia 30202, Spain
- Group of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, San Antonio Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Alba García-Pérez
- Centre of Mental Health Molina de Segura, Molina de Segura, Murcia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Isidro García
- Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Group, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | | | | | - Rocío Sáez Povedano
- Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Villarrobledo, Villarrobledo, Albacete, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Mariluz Ramirez Bonilla
- Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Group, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Paloma Fuentes-Pérez
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Group, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Claudia Ovejas-Catalán
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Group, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Paula Suárez-Pinilla
- Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Group, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Francisco Valdivia-Muñoz
- Department of Psychiatry, Santa Lucía University Hospital, Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
- Unit of Assertive Community Treatment, Centre Mental Health Cartagena, Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
| | - Blanca Fernández Abascal
- Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Group, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Javier Vázquez-Bourgon
- Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Group, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Sofia Pappa
- West London National Health System (NHS) Trust, London, UK
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College of London, London, UK
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10
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Rodríguez-Vega A, Dutra-Tavares AC, Souza TP, Semeão KA, Filgueiras CC, Ribeiro-Carvalho A, Manhães AC, Abreu-Villaça Y. Nicotine Exposure in a Phencyclidine-Induced Mice Model of Schizophrenia: Sex-Selective Medial Prefrontal Cortex Protein Markers of the Combined Insults in Adolescent Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14634. [PMID: 37834084 PMCID: PMC10572990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco misuse as a comorbidity of schizophrenia is frequently established during adolescence. However, comorbidity markers are still missing. Here, the method of label-free proteomics was used to identify deregulated proteins in the medial prefrontal cortex (prelimbic and infralimbic) of male and female mice modelled to schizophrenia with a history of nicotine exposure during adolescence. Phencyclidine (PCP), used to model schizophrenia (SCHZ), was combined with an established model of nicotine minipump infusions (NIC). The combined insults led to worse outcomes than each insult separately when considering the absolute number of deregulated proteins and that of exclusively deregulated ones. Partially shared Reactome pathways between sexes and between PCP, NIC and PCPNIC groups indicate functional overlaps. Distinctively, proteins differentially expressed exclusively in PCPNIC mice reveal unique effects associated with the comorbidity model. Interactome maps of these proteins identified sex-selective subnetworks, within which some proteins stood out: for females, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (Fkbp1a) and heat shock 70 kDa protein 1B (Hspa1b), both components of the oxidative stress subnetwork, and gamma-enolase (Eno2), a component of the energy metabolism subnetwork; and for males, amphiphysin (Amph), a component of the synaptic transmission subnetwork. These are proposed to be further investigated and validated as markers of the combined insult during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Rodríguez-Vega
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.-V.); (A.C.D.-T.); (T.P.S.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Ana Carolina Dutra-Tavares
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.-V.); (A.C.D.-T.); (T.P.S.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Thainá P. Souza
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.-V.); (A.C.D.-T.); (T.P.S.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Keila A. Semeão
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.-V.); (A.C.D.-T.); (T.P.S.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Claudio C. Filgueiras
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.-V.); (A.C.D.-T.); (T.P.S.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Anderson Ribeiro-Carvalho
- Departamento de Ciências, Faculdade de Formação de Professores da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, São Gonçalo 24435-005, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Alex C. Manhães
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.-V.); (A.C.D.-T.); (T.P.S.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Yael Abreu-Villaça
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.-V.); (A.C.D.-T.); (T.P.S.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
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11
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Yakimov V, Falkai P, Wagner E. Pathogenese der Schizophrenie(n). FORTSCHRITTE DER NEUROLOGIE-PSYCHIATRIE 2023; 91:369-383. [PMID: 37725988 DOI: 10.1055/a-2099-7560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by marked heterogeneity at both the phenomenological and neurobiological levels. Its diagnostic disentanglement would lead to more precise treatment and improved prognosis in people with schizophrenia. For this, a deeper understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of schizophrenia is needed.
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12
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Zhan N, Sham PC, So HC, Lui SSY. The genetic basis of onset age in schizophrenia: evidence and models. Front Genet 2023; 14:1163361. [PMID: 37441552 PMCID: PMC10333597 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1163361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a heritable neurocognitive disorder affecting about 1% of the population, and usually has an onset age at around 21-25 in males and 25-30 in females. Recent advances in genetics have helped to identify many common and rare variants for the liability to schizophrenia. Earlier evidence appeared to suggest that younger onset age is associated with higher genetic liability to schizophrenia. Clinical longitudinal research also found that early and very-early onset schizophrenia are associated with poor clinical, neurocognitive, and functional profiles. A recent study reported a heritability of 0.33 for schizophrenia onset age, but the genetic basis of this trait in schizophrenia remains elusive. In the pre-Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) era, genetic loci found to be associated with onset age were seldom replicated. In the post-Genome-Wide Association Study era, new conceptual frameworks are needed to clarify the role of onset age in genetic research in schizophrenia, and to identify its genetic basis. In this review, we first discussed the potential of onset age as a characterizing/subtyping feature for psychosis, and as an important phenotypic dimension of schizophrenia. Second, we reviewed the methods, samples, findings and limitations of previous genetic research on onset age in schizophrenia. Third, we discussed a potential conceptual framework for studying the genetic basis of onset age, as well as the concepts of susceptibility, modifier, and "mixed" genes. Fourth, we discussed the limitations of this review. Lastly, we discussed the potential clinical implications for genetic research of onset age of schizophrenia, and how future research can unveil the potential mechanisms for this trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pak C. Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre of PanorOmic Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hon-Cheong So
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Brain and Mind Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Simon S. Y. Lui
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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13
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Fukuyama K, Motomura E, Okada M. Enhanced L-β-Aminoisobutyric Acid Is Involved in the Pathophysiology of Effectiveness for Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia and Adverse Reactions of Clozapine. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050862. [PMID: 37238731 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Clozapine is an effective antipsychotic for the treatment of antipsychotic-resistant schizophrenia; however, specific types of A/B adverse effects and clozapine-discontinuation syndromes are also well known. To date, both the critical mechanisms of clinical actions (effective for antipsychotic-resistant schizophrenia) and the adverse effects of clozapine remain to be elucidated. Recently, we demonstrated that clozapine increased the synthesis of L-β-aminoisobutyric acid (L-BAIBA) in the hypothalamus. L-BAIBA is an activator of the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), glycine receptor, GABAA receptor, and GABAB receptor (GABAB-R). These targets of L-BAIBA overlap as potential targets other than the monoamine receptors of clozapine. However, the direct binding of clozapine to these aminoacidic transmitter/modulator receptors remains to be clarified. Therefore, to explore the contribution of increased L-BAIBA on the clinical action of clozapine, this study determined the effects of clozapine and L-BAIBA on tripartite synaptic transmission, including GABAB-R and the group-III metabotropic glutamate receptor (III-mGluR) using cultured astrocytes, as well as on the thalamocortical hyper-glutamatergic transmission induced by impaired glutamate/NMDA receptors using microdialysis. Clozapine increased astroglial L-BAIBA synthesis in time/concentration-dependent manners. Increased L-BAIBA synthesis was observed until 3 days after clozapine discontinuation. Clozapine did not directly bind III-mGluR or GABAB-R, whereas L-BAIBA activated these receptors in the astrocytes. Local administration of MK801 into the reticular thalamic nucleus (RTN) increased L-glutamate release in the medial frontal cortex (mPFC) (MK801-evoked L-glutamate release). Local administration of L-BAIBA into the mPFC suppressed MK801-evoked L-glutamate release. These actions of L-BAIBA were inhibited by antagonists of III-mGluR and GABAB-R, similar to clozapine. These in vitro and in vivo analyses suggest that increased frontal L-BAIBA signaling likely plays an important role in the pharmacological actions of clozapine, such as improving the effectiveness of treating treatment-resistant schizophrenia and several clozapine discontinuation syndromes via the activation of III-mGluR and GABAB-R in the mPFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouji Fukuyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Eishi Motomura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Motohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
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14
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Tibrewal P, Nair PC, Gregory KJ, Langmead CJ, Chan SKW, Bastiampillai T. Does clozapine treat antipsychotic-induced behavioural supersensitivity through glutamate modulation within the striatum? Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:1839-1842. [PMID: 36932159 PMCID: PMC10575773 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02026-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Tibrewal
- Cramond Clinic, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, SA, 5011, Australia
- Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Pramod C Nair
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute (FHMRI) College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Karen J Gregory
- Drug Discovery Biology and ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Christopher J Langmead
- Drug Discovery Biology and ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Sherry Kit Wa Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tarun Bastiampillai
- Discipline of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, 3800, Australia.
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15
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Ten-Blanco M, Flores Á, Cristino L, Pereda-Pérez I, Berrendero F. Targeting the orexin/hypocretin system for the treatment of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases: from animal to clinical studies. Front Neuroendocrinol 2023; 69:101066. [PMID: 37015302 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Orexins (also known as hypocretins) are neuropeptides located exclusively in hypothalamic neurons that have extensive projections throughout the central nervous system and bind two different G protein-coupled receptors (OX1R and OX2R). Since its discovery in 1998, the orexin system has gained the interest of the scientific community as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of different pathological conditions. Considering previous basic science research, a dual orexin receptor antagonist, suvorexant, was the first orexin agent to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat insomnia. In this review, we discuss and update the main preclinical and human studies involving the orexin system with several psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. This system constitutes a nice example of how basic scientific research driven by curiosity can be the best route to the generation of new and powerful pharmacological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ten-Blanco
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - África Flores
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Neurosciences Institute, University of Barcelona and Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luigia Cristino
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Inmaculada Pereda-Pérez
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Berrendero
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Dysregulation of AMPA Receptor Trafficking and Intracellular Vesicular Sorting in the Prefrontal Cortex of Dopamine Transporter Knock-Out Rats. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030516. [PMID: 36979451 PMCID: PMC10046215 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) and glutamate interact, influencing neural excitability and promoting synaptic plasticity. However, little is known regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying this crosstalk. Since perturbation of DA-AMPA receptor interaction might sustain pathological conditions, the major aim of our work was to evaluate the effect of the hyperactive DA system on the AMPA subunit composition, trafficking, and membrane localization in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Taking advantage of dopamine transporter knock-out (DAT−/−) rats, we found that DA overactivity reduced the translation of cortical AMPA receptors and their localization at both synaptic and extra-synaptic sites through, at least in part, altered intracellular vesicular sorting. Moreover, the reduced expression of AMPA receptor-specific anchoring proteins and structural markers, such as Neuroligin-1 and nCadherin, likely indicate a pattern of synaptic instability. Overall, these data reveal that a condition of hyperdopaminergia markedly alters the homeostatic plasticity of AMPA receptors, suggesting a general destabilization and depotentiation of the AMPA-mediated glutamatergic neurotransmission in the PFC. This effect might be functionally relevant for disorders characterized by elevated dopaminergic activity.
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17
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Jeong S, Kang HW, Kim SH, Hong GS, Nam MH, Seong J, Yoon ES, Cho IJ, Chung S, Bang S, Kim HN, Choi N. Integration of reconfigurable microchannels into aligned three-dimensional neural networks for spatially controllable neuromodulation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf0925. [PMID: 36897938 PMCID: PMC10005277 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf0925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropically organized neural networks are indispensable routes for functional connectivity in the brain, which remains largely unknown. While prevailing animal models require additional preparation and stimulation-applying devices and have exhibited limited capabilities regarding localized stimulation, no in vitro platform exists that permits spatiotemporal control of chemo-stimulation in anisotropic three-dimensional (3D) neural networks. We present the integration of microchannels seamlessly into a fibril-aligned 3D scaffold by adapting a single fabrication principle. We investigated the underlying physics of elastic microchannels' ridges and interfacial sol-gel transition of collagen under compression to determine a critical window of geometry and strain. We demonstrated the spatiotemporally resolved neuromodulation in an aligned 3D neural network by local deliveries of KCl and Ca2+ signal inhibitors, such as tetrodotoxin, nifedipine, and mibefradil, and also visualized Ca2+ signal propagation with a speed of ~3.7 μm/s. We anticipate that our technology will pave the way to elucidate functional connectivity and neurological diseases associated with transsynaptic propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohyeon Jeong
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Korea
- MEPSGEN Co. Ltd., Seoul 05836, Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Kang
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - So Hyun Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
- SK Biopharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Seongnam 13494, Korea
| | - Gyu-Sang Hong
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Nam
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Jihye Seong
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Korea
| | - Eui-Sung Yoon
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
- Division of Nano and Information Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Il-Joo Cho
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Seok Chung
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Seokyoung Bang
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Hong Nam Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Yonsei-KIST Convergence Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Nakwon Choi
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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18
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The Association of the Oral Microbiota with the Effects of Acid Stress Induced by an Increase of Brain Lactate in Schizophrenia Patients. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020240. [PMID: 36830777 PMCID: PMC9953675 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The altered cerebral energy metabolism central to schizophrenia can be linked to lactate accumulation. Lactic acid is produced by gastrointestinal bacteria, among others, and readily crosses the blood-brain barrier, leading to the brain acidity. This study aimed to examine the association of the oral microbiota with the effects of acid stress induced by an increase of brain lactate in schizophrenia patients. The study included patients with a diagnosis of acute polyphasic psychotic disorder meeting criteria for schizophrenia at 3-month follow-up. Results: Individuals with a significantly higher total score on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale had statistically significantly lower lactate concentrations compared to those with a lower total score and higher brain lactate. We observed a positive correlation between Actinomyces and lactate levels in the anterior cingulate cap and a negative correlation between bacteria associated with lactate metabolism and some clinical assessment scales. Conclusions: Shifts in the oral microbiota in favour of lactate-utilising bacterial genera may represent a compensatory mechanism in response to increased lactate production in the brain. Assessment of neuronal function mediated by ALA-LAC-dependent NMDA regulatory mechanisms may, thus, support new therapies for schizophrenia, for which acidosis has become a differentiating feature of individuals with schizophrenia endophenotypes.
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Huang X, Li Y, Liu H, Xu J, Tan Z, Dong H, Tian B, Wu S, Wang W. Activation of basolateral amygdala to anterior cingulate cortex circuit alleviates MK-801 induced social and cognitive deficits of schizophrenia. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1070015. [PMID: 36619672 PMCID: PMC9813383 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1070015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder with a high prevalence worldwide, however, its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Methods and results In this study, we used the non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 to induce schizophrenia-like behaviors and confirmed that mice exhibited stereotypic rotational behavior and hyperlocomotion, social interaction defects and cognitive dysfunction, similar to the clinical symptoms in patients. Here, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) were involved in the schizophrenia-like behaviors induced by MK-801. Furthermore, we confirmed BLA sent glutamatergic projection to the ACC. Chemogenetic and optogenetic regulation of BLA-ACC projecting neurons affected social and cognitive deficits but not stereotypic rotational behavior in MK-801-treated mice. Discussion Overall, our study revealed that the BLA-ACC circuit plays a major role and may be a potential target for treating schizophrenia-related symptoms.
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de Bartolomeis A, Vellucci L, Austin MC, De Simone G, Barone A. Rational and Translational Implications of D-Amino Acids for Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: From Neurobiology to the Clinics. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070909. [PMID: 35883465 PMCID: PMC9312470 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia has been conceptualized as a neurodevelopmental disorder with synaptic alterations and aberrant cortical–subcortical connections. Antipsychotics are the mainstay of schizophrenia treatment and nearly all share the common feature of dopamine D2 receptor occupancy, whereas glutamatergic abnormalities are not targeted by the presently available therapies. D-amino acids, acting as N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) modulators, have emerged in the last few years as a potential augmentation strategy in those cases of schizophrenia that do not respond well to antipsychotics, a condition defined as treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), affecting almost 30–40% of patients, and characterized by serious cognitive deficits and functional impairment. In the present systematic review, we address with a direct and reverse translational perspective the efficacy of D-amino acids, including D-serine, D-aspartate, and D-alanine, in poor responders. The impact of these molecules on the synaptic architecture is also considered in the light of dendritic spine changes reported in schizophrenia and antipsychotics’ effect on postsynaptic density proteins. Moreover, we describe compounds targeting D-amino acid oxidase and D-aspartate oxidase enzymes. Finally, other drugs acting at NMDAR and proxy of D-amino acids function, such as D-cycloserine, sarcosine, and glycine, are considered in the light of the clinical burden of TRS, together with other emerging molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea de Bartolomeis
- Laboratory of Translational and Molecular Psychiatry and Unit of Treatment-Resistant Psychosis, Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.V.); (G.D.S.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-7463673 or +39-081-7463884 or +39-3662745592; Fax: +39-081-7462644
| | - Licia Vellucci
- Laboratory of Translational and Molecular Psychiatry and Unit of Treatment-Resistant Psychosis, Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.V.); (G.D.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Mark C. Austin
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Program, College of Pharmacy, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA;
| | - Giuseppe De Simone
- Laboratory of Translational and Molecular Psychiatry and Unit of Treatment-Resistant Psychosis, Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.V.); (G.D.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Annarita Barone
- Laboratory of Translational and Molecular Psychiatry and Unit of Treatment-Resistant Psychosis, Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.V.); (G.D.S.); (A.B.)
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