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Wang X, Yang J, Zhang X, Cai J, Zhang J, Cai C, Zhuo Y, Fang S, Xu X, Wang H, Liu P, Zhou S, Wang W, Hu Y, Fang J. An endophenotype network strategy uncovers YangXue QingNao Wan suppresses Aβ deposition, improves mitochondrial dysfunction and glucose metabolism. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 135:156158. [PMID: 39447228 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2024] [Revised: 10/09/2024] [Accepted: 10/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD), an escalating global health issue, lacks effective treatments due to its complex pathogenesis. YangXue QingNao Wan (YXQNW) is a China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA)- approved TCM formula that has been repurposed in clinical Phase II for the treatment of AD. Identifying YXQNW's active ingredients and their mechanisms is crucial for developing effective AD treatments. PURPOSE This study aims to elucidate the anti-AD effects of YXQNW and to explore its potential therapeutic mechanisms employing an endophenotype network strategy. METHODS Herein we present an endophenotype network strategy that combines active ingredient identification in rat serum, network proximity prediction, metabolomics, and in vivo experimental validation in two animal models. Specially, utilizing UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, active ingredients are identified in YXQNW to build a drug-target network. We applied network proximity to identify potential AD pathological mechanisms of YXQNW via integration of drug-target network, AD endophenotype gene sets, and human protein interactome, and validated related mechanisms in two animal models. In a d-galactose-induced senescent rat model, YXQNW was administered at varying doses for cognitive and neuronal assessments through behavioral tests, Nissl staining, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Metabolomic analysis with LC-MS revealed YXQNW's influence on brain metabolites, suggesting therapeutic pathways. Levels of key proteins and biochemicals were measured by WB and ELISA, providing insights into YXQNW's neuroprotective mechanisms. In addition, 5×FAD model mice were used and administered YXQNW by gavage for 14 days at two doses. Amyloid-β levels, transporter expression, and cerebral blood flow have been detected by MRI and biochemical assays. RESULTS The network proximity analysis showed that the effect of YXQNW on AD was highly correlated with amyloid β, synaptic function, glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function. The results of metabolomics combined with in vivo experimental validation suggest that YXQNW has the potential to ameliorate glucose transport abnormalities in the brain by upregulating the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT3, while further enhancing glucose metabolism through increased O-GlcNAcylation and mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction via the AMPK/Sirt1 pathway, thereby improving d-galactose-induced cognitive deficits in rats. Additionally, YXQNW treatment significantly decreased Aβ1-42 levels and enhanced cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the hippocampus of 5×FAD mice. while mechanistic findings indicated that YXQNW treatment increased the expression of ABCB1, an Aβ transporter, in 5×FAD model mice to promote the clearance of Aβ from the brain and alleviate AD-like symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that YXQNW may mitigate AD by inhibiting Aβ deposition and ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction and glucose metabolism, thus offering a promising therapeutic approach for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jinna Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tianjin Tasly Digital Intelligence Chinese Medicine Development Co., Ltd, China
| | - Xiaolian Zhang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jinyong Cai
- Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Jieqi Zhang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Chuipu Cai
- Division of Data Intelligence, Department of Computer Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yue Zhuo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Shuhuan Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Shuiping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tianjin Tasly Digital Intelligence Chinese Medicine Development Co., Ltd, China
| | - Yunhui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tianjin Tasly Digital Intelligence Chinese Medicine Development Co., Ltd, China.
| | - Jiansong Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
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Wang J, Jiang N, Liu F, Wang C, Zhou W. Uncovering the intricacies of O-GlcNAc modification in cognitive impairment: New insights from regulation to therapeutic targeting. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 266:108761. [PMID: 39603350 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 11/18/2024] [Accepted: 11/22/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) represents a post-translational modification that occurs on serine or threonine residues on various proteins. This conserved modification interacts with vital cellular pathways. Although O-GlcNAc is widely distributed throughout the body, it is particularly enriched in the brain, where most proteins are O-GlcNAcylated. Recent studies have established a causal link between O-GlcNAc regulation in the brain and alterations in neurophysiological function. Alterations in O-GlcNAc levels in the brain are associated with the pathogenesis of several neurogenic diseases that can lead to cognitive impairment. Remarkably, manipulation of O-GlcNAc levels demonstrated a protective effect on cognitive function. Although the precise molecular mechanism of O-GlcNAc modification in the nervous system remains elusive, its regulation is fundamental to multiple neural and cognitive functions, fluctuating levels during normal and pathological cognitive processes. In this review, we highlight the significant functional importance of O-GlcNAc modification in pathological cognitive impairments and the potential application of O-GlcNAc as a promising target for the intervention or amelioration of cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of National Security Specially Needed Medicines, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of National Security Specially Needed Medicines, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of National Security Specially Needed Medicines, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Chenran Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of National Security Specially Needed Medicines, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Wenxia Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of National Security Specially Needed Medicines, Beijing 100850, China.
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Yu H, Li X, Ning B, Feng L, Ren Y, Li S, Kang Y, Ma J, Zhao M. SIRT1: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Coronary Heart Disease Combined with Anxiety or Depression. J Drug Target 2024:1-27. [PMID: 39470049 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2422882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 10/17/2024] [Accepted: 10/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024]
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) combined with anxiety or depression is increasingly receiving attention in the clinical field of cardiology, and exploring the comorbidity pathological mechanisms of cardiovascular disease combined with psychological disorders is a hot research topic for scholars in this field. Current research suggests that Silent Information Regulatory Factor 1 (SIRT1) may serve as a potential biomarker for the comorbidity mechanism and treatment of CHD with anxiety or depression. SIRT1 is considered a promising therapeutic target for CHD combined with anxiety or depression, with the ability to regulate inflammatory cytokine levels, alleviate oxidative stress damage, activate multiple signaling pathways, reduce platelet hyperresponsiveness, and exert neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects. In this comprehensive review, we deeply studied the structure, function, and mechanism of SIRT1, and discussed its protective effects in the cardiovascular and nervous system. The latest progress in the mechanism of SIRT1's role in CHD combined with anxiety or depression was emphasized, including its specific mechanisms in regulating inflammatory response, alleviating oxidative stress, and mediating various signaling pathways. In addition, this article also summarizes the therapeutic potential of SIRT1 as a potential biomarker in patients with CHD combined with anxiety or depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubin Yu
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No.1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Xinping Li
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No.1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Bo Ning
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No.1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Lanshuan Feng
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No.1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Yaolong Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Affliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Deputy 2, Weiyang West Road, Weicheng District, Xianyang 712000, China
| | - Shilin Li
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No.1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Yalong Kang
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No.1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, No.15 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Mingjun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Deputy 2, Weiyang West Road, Weicheng District, Xianyang 712000, China
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Zhang W, Chen T, Zhao H, Ren S. Glycosylation in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:1208-1220. [PMID: 39225075 PMCID: PMC11466714 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging, a complex biological process, involves the progressive decline of physiological functions across various systems, leading to increased susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases. In society, demographic aging imposes significant economic and social burdens due to these conditions. This review specifically examines the association of protein glycosylation with aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Glycosylation, a critical post-translational modification, influences numerous aspects of protein function that are pivotal in aging and the pathophysiology of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurodegenerative conditions. We highlight the alterations in glycosylation patterns observed during aging, their implications in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, and the potential of glycosylation profiles as biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and monitoring of these age-associated conditions, and delve into the mechanisms of glycosylation. Furthermore, this review explores their role in regulating protein function and mediating critical biological interactions in these diseases. By examining the changes in glycosylation profiles associated with each part, this review underscores the potential of glycosylation research as a tool to enhance our understanding of aging and its related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Zhang
- />NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Tian Chen
- />NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Huijuan Zhao
- />NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Shifang Ren
- />NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
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Shi Y, Ye D, Cui K, Bai X, Fan M, Feng Y, Hu C, Xu Y, Huang J. Melatonin ameliorates retinal ganglion cell senescence and apoptosis in a SIRT1-dependent manner in an optic nerve injury model. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167053. [PMID: 38325588 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin is involved in exerting protective effects in aged-related and neurodegenerative diseases through a silent information regulator type 1 (SIRT1)-dependent pathway. However, little was known about the impact of melatonin on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) senescence and apoptosis following optic nerve crush (ONC). Thus, this study aimed to examine the effects of melatonin on RGC senescence and apoptosis after ONC and investigate the involvement of SIRT1 in this process. To study this, an ONC model was established. EX-527, an inhibitor of SIRT1, was injected intraperitoneally into mice. And melatonin was administrated abdominally into mice after ONC every day. Hematoxylin & eosin staining, retina flat-mounts and optical coherence tomography were used to evaluate the loss of retina cells/neurons. Pattern electroretinogram (p-ERG) was performed to evaluate the function of RGCs. Immunofluorescence and western blot were used to evaluate protein expression. SA-β-gal staining was employed to detect senescent cells. The results demonstrated that melatonin partially rescued the expression of SIRT1 in RGC 3 days after ONC. Additionally, melatonin administration partly rescued the decreased RGC number and ganglion cell complex thickness observed 14 days after ONC. Melatonin also suppressed ONC-induced senescence and apoptosis index. Furthermore, p-ERG showed that melatonin improved the amplitude of P50, N95 and N95/P50 following ONC. Importantly, the protective effects of melatonin were reversed when EX-527 was administered. In summary, this study revealed that melatonin attenuated RGC senescence and apoptosis through a SIRT1-dependent pathway after ONC. These findings provide valuable insights for the treatment of RGC senescence and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Dan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Kaixuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xue Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Matthew Fan
- Yale College, Yale University, New Haven, CT 201942, United States
| | - Yanlin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chenyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| | - Jingjing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China.
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Long Y, Zhao Z, Xie W, Shi J, Yang F, Zhu D, Jiang P, Tang Q, Ti Z, Jiang B, Yang X, Gao G, Qi W. Kallistatin leads to cognition impairment via downregulating glutamine synthetase. Pharmacol Res 2024; 202:107145. [PMID: 38492829 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
In many neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), glutamate-mediated neuronal excitotoxicity is considered the basis for cognitive impairment. The mRNA and protein expression of SERPINA4(Kallistatin) are higher in patients with AD. However, whether Kallistatin plays a regulatory role in glutamate-glutamine cycle homeostasis remains unclear. In this study, we identified impaired cognitive function in Kallistatin transgenic (KAL-TG) mice. Baseline glutamate levels were elevated and miniature excitatory postsynaptic current (mEPSC) frequency was increased in the hippocampus, suggesting the impairment of glutamate homeostasis in KAL-TG mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that Kallistatin promoted lysine acetylation and ubiquitination of glutamine synthetase (GS) and facilitated its degradation via the proteasome pathway, thereby downregulating GS. Fenofibrate improved cognitive memory in KAL-TG mice by downregulating serum Kallistatin. Collectively, our study findings provide insights the mechanism by which Kallistatin regulates cognitive impairment, and suggest the potential of fenofibrate to prevente and treat of AD patients with high levels of Kallistatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlan Long
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanting Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhui Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengyu Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Clinical Medical Laboratory, Guangzhou First People Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qilong Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Ti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guoquan Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; China Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Gene Manipulation and Biomacromolecular Products (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, China; Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China.
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Du P, Zhang X, Lian X, Hölscher C, Xue G. O-GlcNAcylation and Its Roles in Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:1051-1068. [PMID: 38250776 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
As a non-classical post-translational modification, O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification (O-GlcNAcylation) is widely found in human organ systems, particularly in our brains, and is indispensable for healthy cell biology. With the increasing age of the global population, the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing, too. The common characteristic of these disorders is the aggregation of abnormal proteins in the brain. Current research has found that O-GlcNAcylation dysregulation is involved in misfolding or aggregation of these abnormal proteins to mediate disease progression, but the specific mechanism has not been defined. This paper reviews recent studies on O-GlcNAcylation's roles in several neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, Machado-Joseph's disease, and giant axonal neuropathy, and shows that O-GlcNAcylation, as glucose metabolism sensor, mediating synaptic function, participating in oxidative stress response and signaling pathway conduction, directly or indirectly regulates characteristic pathological protein toxicity and affects disease progression. The existing results suggest that targeting O-GlcNAcylation will provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyang Du
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xia Lian
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Christian Hölscher
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guofang Xue
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Ephrame SJ, Cork GK, Marshall V, Johnston MA, Shawa J, Alghusen I, Qiang A, Denson AR, Carman MS, Fedosyuk H, Swerdlow RH, Slawson C. O-GlcNAcylation regulates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation in Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1155630. [PMID: 37469955 PMCID: PMC10352608 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1155630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Aberrant activation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) signaling is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. For example, enhanced ERK signal activation mediated by Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4), which is a critical genetic risk factor for AD, increases the transcription of amyloid precursor protein (APP). We hypothesize that O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) regulates the phosphorylation and activation of ERK. O-GlcNAc is a single sugar post-translational modification that dynamically cycles on and off proteins in response to nutrient changes by the action of the enzymes O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), respectively. However, O-GlcNAc quickly returns to a baseline level after stimulus removal (called O-GlcNAc homeostasis). Methods We did a serum reactivation time-course followed by western blot in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells after long-term O-GlcNAcase (OGA) inhibition by Thiamet-G (TMG) treatment, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) knock-down (KD) and OGA KD. Brain tissues of C57BL6/J mice and 5XFAD Alzheimer's disease mice intra-peritoneally injected with TMG for 1 month and C57BL6/J mice intra-peritoneally injected with TMG for 6 months were also used for western blot. Results We found that ERK1/2 phosphorylation at Thr 202/Tyr204 and Thr183/Tyr185 (p-ERK) are amplified and hence ERK1/2 are activated after long-term OGA inhibition in SH-SY5Y cells. In addition to pharmacological treatment, genetic disruption of O-GlcNAc by OGT KD and OGA KD also increased p-ERK in SH-SY5Y cells suggesting O-GlcNAc homeostasis controls ERK signaling. To determine how O-GlcNAc regulates p-ERK, we probed the expression of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase-kinase (p-MEK) which phosphorylates and activates ERK and Dual specificity phosphatase-4 (DUSP4) which dephosphorylates and inactivates ERK in SH-SY5Y cells. p-MEK increases in TMG treated and OGT KD cells whereas total DUSP4 decreases in OGT KD and OGA KD cells with serum reactivation time course. Next, we probed the role of OGA inhibition in regulating ERK activation using mice brain-tissue samples. Interestingly, 6-month intra-peritoneal TMG injection in C57BL/6J mice showed an increase in amplitude of p-ERK and APP protein levels, indicating long-term OGA inhibition potentially contributes to AD progression. Furthermore, 1-month TMG injection was sufficient to increase the amplitude of p-ERK in 5XFAD AD mice brains suggesting AD phenotype contributes to the acceleration of ERK activation mediated by OGA inhibition. Conclusion Together, these results indicate that disruptions to O-GlcNAc homeostasis amplify ERK signal activation in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophiya John Ephrame
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Gentry K. Cork
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Victoria Marshall
- School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Margaret A. Johnston
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Jenna Shawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Ibtihal Alghusen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Amy Qiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Aspin R. Denson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Marisa S. Carman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Halyna Fedosyuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Russell H. Swerdlow
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Chad Slawson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
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Huang Y, Wang J, Liu F, Wang C, Xiao Z, Zhou W. Liuwei Dihuang formula ameliorates chronic stress-induced emotional and cognitive impairments in mice by elevating hippocampal O-GlcNAc modification. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1134176. [PMID: 37152609 PMCID: PMC10157057 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1134176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A substantial body of evidence has indicated that intracerebral O-linked N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc), a generalized post-translational modification, was emerging as an effective regulator of stress-induced emotional and cognitive impairments. Our previous studies showed that the Liuwei Dihuang formula (LW) significantly improved the emotional and cognitive dysfunctions in various types of stress mouse models. In the current study, we sought to determine the effects of LW on intracerebral O-GlcNAc levels in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice. The dynamic behavioral tests showed that anxiety- and depression-like behaviors and object recognition memory of CUMS mice were improved in a dose-dependent manner after LW treatment. Moreover, linear discriminate analysis (LEfSe) of genera abundance revealed a significant difference in microbiome among the study groups. LW showed a great impact on the relative abundance of these gut microbiota in CUMS mice and reinstated them to control mouse levels. We found that LW potentially altered the Uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) biosynthesis process, and the abundance of O-GlcNAcase (OGA) and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) in CUMS mice, which was inferred using PICRUSt analysis. We further verified advantageous changes in hippocampal O-GlcNAc modification of CUMS mice following LW administration, as well as changes in the levels of OGA and OGT. In summary, LW intervention increased the levels of hippocampal O-GlcNAc modification and ameliorated the emotional and cognitive impairments induced by chronic stress in CUMS mice. LW therefore could be considered a potential prophylactic and therapeutic agent for chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | - Chenran Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Xiao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiyong Xiao,
| | - Wenxia Zhou
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
- Wenxia Zhou,
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