1
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Yoon J, Oh DY. HER2-targeted therapies beyond breast cancer - an update. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:675-700. [PMID: 39039196 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-024-00924-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine-kinase HER2 (also known as ErbB2) is a well-established therapeutic target in patients with breast or gastric cancer selected on the basis of HER2 overexpression on immunohistochemistry and/or ERBB2 amplification on in situ hybridization. With advances in cancer molecular profiling and increased implementation of precision medicine approaches into oncology practice, actionable HER2 alterations in solid tumours have expanded to include ERBB2 mutations in addition to traditional HER2 overexpression and ERBB2 amplification. These various HER2 alterations can be found in solid tumour types beyond breast and gastric cancer, although few HER2-targeted therapeutic options have been established for the other tumour types. Nevertheless, during the 5 years since our previous Review on this topic was published in this journal, obvious and fruitful progress in the development of HER2-targeted therapies has been made, including new disease indications, innovative drugs with diverse mechanisms of action and novel frameworks for approval by regulatory authorities. These advances have culminated in the recent histology-agnostic approval of the anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab deruxtecan for patients with HER2-overexpressing solid tumours. In this new Review, we provide an update on the current development landscape of HER2-targeted therapies beyond breast cancer, as well as anticipated future HER2-directed treatment strategies to overcome resistance and thereby improve efficacy and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeesun Yoon
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Youn Oh
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Mo C, Sterpi M, Jeon H, Bteich F. Resistance to Anti-HER2 Therapies in Gastrointestinal Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2854. [PMID: 39199625 PMCID: PMC11352490 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16162854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) is a tyrosine kinase receptor that interacts with multiple signaling pathways related to cellular growth and proliferation. Overexpression or amplification of HER2 is linked to various malignancies, and there have been decades of research dedicated to targeting HER2. Despite the landmark ToGA trial, progress in HER2-positive gastrointestinal malignancies has been hampered by drug resistance. This review examines current HER2 expression patterns and therapies for gastroesophageal, colorectal, biliary tract, and small bowel cancers, while dissecting potential resistance mechanisms that limit treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Mo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (C.M.); (M.S.); (H.J.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
| | - Michelle Sterpi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (C.M.); (M.S.); (H.J.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
| | - Hyein Jeon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (C.M.); (M.S.); (H.J.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
| | - Fernand Bteich
- Department of Medical Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (C.M.); (M.S.); (H.J.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
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3
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Qiao J, Feng M, Zhou W, Tan Y, Yang S, Liu Q, Wang Q, Feng W, Pan Y, Cui L. YAP inhibition overcomes adaptive resistance in HER2-positive gastric cancer treated with trastuzumab via the AKT/mTOR and ERK/mTOR axis. Gastric Cancer 2024; 27:785-801. [PMID: 38782859 PMCID: PMC11193831 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-024-01508-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive gastric cancer (GC) is a heterogeneous GC subtype characterized by the overexpression of HER2. To date, few specific targeted therapies have demonstrated durable efficacy in HER2-positive GC patients, with resistance to trastuzumab typically emerging within 1 year. However, the mechanisms of resistance to trastuzumab remain incompletely understood, presenting a significant challenge to clinical practice. METHODS In this study, we integrated genetic screening and bulk transcriptome and epigenomic profiling to define the mechanisms mediating adaptive resistance to HER2 inhibitors and identify potential effective therapeutic strategies for treating HER2-positive GCs. RESULTS We revealed a potential association between adaptive resistance to trastuzumab in HER2-positive GC and the expression of YES-associated protein (YAP). Notably, our investigation revealed that long-term administration of trastuzumab triggers extensive chromatin remodeling and initiates YAP gene transcription in HER2-positive cells characterized by the initial inhibition and subsequent reactivation. Furthermore, treatment of HER2-positive GC cells and cell line-derived xenografts (CDX) models with YAP inhibitors in combination with trastuzumab was found to induce synergistic effects through the AKT/mTOR and ERK/mTOR pathways. CONCLUSION These findings underscore the pivotal role of reactivated YAP and mTOR signaling pathways in the development of adaptive resistance to trastuzumab and may serve as a promising joint target to overcome resistance to trastuzumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Qiao
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Mei Feng
- Translational Cancer Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, No. 8 Xi Shiku Street, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Wenyuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Yuan Tan
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qingchen Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Weimin Feng
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yisheng Pan
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, No. 8 Xi Shiku Street, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Liyan Cui
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
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4
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Chapeau EA, Sansregret L, Galli GG, Chène P, Wartmann M, Mourikis TP, Jaaks P, Baltschukat S, Barbosa IAM, Bauer D, Brachmann SM, Delaunay C, Estadieu C, Faris JE, Furet P, Harlfinger S, Hueber A, Jiménez Núñez E, Kodack DP, Mandon E, Martin T, Mesrouze Y, Romanet V, Scheufler C, Sellner H, Stamm C, Sterker D, Tordella L, Hofmann F, Soldermann N, Schmelzle T. Direct and selective pharmacological disruption of the YAP-TEAD interface by IAG933 inhibits Hippo-dependent and RAS-MAPK-altered cancers. NATURE CANCER 2024; 5:1102-1120. [PMID: 38565920 PMCID: PMC11286534 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-024-00754-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The YAP-TEAD protein-protein interaction mediates YAP oncogenic functions downstream of the Hippo pathway. To date, available YAP-TEAD pharmacologic agents bind into the lipid pocket of TEAD, targeting the interaction indirectly via allosteric changes. However, the consequences of a direct pharmacological disruption of the interface between YAP and TEADs remain largely unexplored. Here, we present IAG933 and its analogs as potent first-in-class and selective disruptors of the YAP-TEAD protein-protein interaction with suitable properties to enter clinical trials. Pharmacologic abrogation of the interaction with all four TEAD paralogs resulted in YAP eviction from chromatin and reduced Hippo-mediated transcription and induction of cell death. In vivo, deep tumor regression was observed in Hippo-driven mesothelioma xenografts at tolerated doses in animal models as well as in Hippo-altered cancer models outside mesothelioma. Importantly this also extended to larger tumor indications, such as lung, pancreatic and colorectal cancer, in combination with RTK, KRAS-mutant selective and MAPK inhibitors, leading to more efficacious and durable responses. Clinical evaluation of IAG933 is underway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Bauer
- Novartis BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Pascal Furet
- Novartis BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Harlfinger
- Novartis BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
- AstraZeneca, Oncology R&D, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Hofmann
- Novartis BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
- Pierre Fabre Group, R&D Medical Care, Toulouse, France
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5
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Li Z, Zhao H, Hu H, Shang H, Ren Y, Qiu W, Su H, Lyu H, Chen X. Mechanisms of resistance to trastuzumab in HER2-positive gastric cancer. Chin J Cancer Res 2024; 36:306-321. [PMID: 38988489 PMCID: PMC11230884 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.03.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive cases account for approximately 20% of the total cases. Currently, trastuzumab + chemotherapy is the recommended first-line treatment for patients with HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer, and the combination has exhibited definite efficacy in HER2-targeted therapy. However, the emergence of drug resistance during treatment considerably reduces its effectiveness; thus, it is imperative to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying resistance. In the present review article, we comprehensively introduce multiple mechanisms underlying resistance to trastuzumab in HER2-positive gastric cancer cases, aiming to provide insights for rectifying issues associated with resistance to trastuzumab and devising subsequent treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Li
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Huan Zhao
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Huihui Hu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Haili Shang
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Yongjing Ren
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Wenhui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hao Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Huifang Lyu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou 450008, China
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6
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Xu J, Yu B, Wang F, Yang J. Xenograft and organoid models in developing precision medicine for gastric cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 64:41. [PMID: 38390969 PMCID: PMC10919760 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), a highly heterogeneous disease, has diverse histological and molecular subtypes. For precision medicine, well‑characterized models encompassing the full spectrum of subtypes are necessary. Patient‑derived tumor xenografts and organoids serve as important preclinical models in GC research. The main advantage of these models is the retention of phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity present in parental tumor tissues. Utilizing diverse sequencing techniques and preclinical models for GC research facilitates accuracy in predicting personalized clinical responses to anti‑cancer treatments. The present review summarizes the latest advances of these two preclinical models in GC treatment and drug response assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Xu
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Bixin Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jin Yang
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
- Phase I Clinical Trial Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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7
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Bonomi M, Spada D, Baiocchi GL, Celotti A, Brighenti M, Grizzi G. Targeting HER2 in Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma: Molecular Features and Updates in Clinical Practice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3876. [PMID: 38612688 PMCID: PMC11011631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) is one of the principal causes of death related to cancer globally. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a tyrosine kinase receptor which is found to be overexpressed or amplified in approximately 20% of GEA cases. In GEA, the identification of HER2-positive status is crucial to activate a specific anti-HER2 targeted therapy. The landmark ToGA trial demonstrated the superiority of adding trastuzumab to platinum-based chemotherapy, becoming the first-line standard of treatment. However, unlike breast cancer, the efficacy of other anti-HER2 drugs, such as lapatinib, pertuzumab, and T-DM1, has failed to improve outcomes in advanced and locally advanced resectable GEA. Recently, the combination of trastuzumab with pembrolizumab, along with chemotherapy, and the development of trastuzumab deruxtecan, with its specific bystander activity, demonstrated improved outcomes, renewing attention in the treatment of this disease. This review will summarise historical and emerging therapies for the treatment of HER2-positive GEA, with a section dedicated to the HER2 molecular pathway and the use of novel blood biomarkers, such as circulating tumour DNA and circulating tumour cells, which may be helpful in the future to guide treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bonomi
- Oncology Unit, ASST Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy; (M.B.); (D.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Daniele Spada
- Oncology Unit, ASST Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy; (M.B.); (D.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Gian Luca Baiocchi
- Department of Surgery, ASST Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy; (G.L.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Andrea Celotti
- Department of Surgery, ASST Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy; (G.L.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Matteo Brighenti
- Oncology Unit, ASST Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy; (M.B.); (D.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Giulia Grizzi
- Oncology Unit, ASST Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy; (M.B.); (D.S.); (M.B.)
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8
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Zou H, Luo J, Guo Y, Deng L, Zeng L, Pan Y, Li P. Tyrosine phosphorylation-mediated YAP1-TFAP2A interactions coordinate transcription and trastuzumab resistance in HER2+ breast cancer. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 73:101051. [PMID: 38219531 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Trastuzumab resistance in HER2+ breast cancer (BC) is the major reason leading to poor prognosis of BC patients. Oncogenic gene overexpression or aberrant activation of tyrosine kinase SRC is identified to be the key modulator of trastuzumab response. However, the detailed regulatory mechanisms underlying SRC activation-associated trastuzumab resistance remain poorly understood. In the present study, we discover that SRC-mediated YAP1 tyrosine phosphorylation facilitates its interaction with transcription factor AP-2 alpha (activating enhancer binding protein 2 alpha, TFAP2A), which in turn promotes YAP1/TEAD-TFAP2A (YTT) complex-associated transcriptional outputs, thereby conferring trastuzumab resistance in HER2+ BC. Inhibition of SRC kinase activity or disruption of YTT complex sensitizes cells to trastuzumab treatment in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, we also identify YTT complex co-occupies the regulatory regions of a series of genes related to trastuzumab resistance and directly regulates their transcriptions, including EGFR, HER2, H19 and CTGF. Moreover, YTT-mediated transcriptional regulation is coordinated by SRC kinase activity. Taken together, our study reveals that SRC-mediated YTT complex formation and transcriptions are responsible for multiple mechanisms associated with trastuzumab resistance. Therefore, targeting HER2 signaling in combination with the inhibition of YTT-associated transcriptional outputs could serve as the treatment strategy to overcome trastuzumab resistance caused by SRC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Zou
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Luo
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Yibo Guo
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Leli Zeng
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Yihang Pan
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong, China.
| | - Peng Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Zhou W, Lim A, Edderkaoui M, Osipov A, Wu H, Wang Q, Pandol S. Role of YAP Signaling in Regulation of Programmed Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:15-28. [PMID: 38164167 PMCID: PMC10750275 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.83586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Although recent advances in cancer treatment significantly improved the prognosis of patients, drug resistance remains a major challenge. Targeting programmed cell death is a major approach of antitumor drug development. Deregulation of programmed cell death (PCD) contributes to resistance to a variety of cancer therapeutics. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its paralog TAZ, the main downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, are aberrantly activated in a variety of human malignancies. The Hippo-YAP pathway, which was originally identified in Drosophila, is well conserved in humans and plays a defining role in regulation of cell fate, tissue growth and regeneration. Activation of YAP signaling has emerged as a key mechanism involved in promoting cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance. Understanding the role of YAP/TAZ signaling network in PCD and drug resistance could facilitate the development of effective strategies for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Adrian Lim
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mouad Edderkaoui
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Arsen Osipov
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Heshui Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephen Pandol
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
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10
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Sanz-Álvarez M, Luque M, Morales-Gallego M, Cristóbal I, Ramírez-Merino N, Rangel Y, Izarzugaza Y, Eroles P, Albanell J, Madoz-Gúrpide J, Rojo F. Generation and Characterization of Trastuzumab/Pertuzumab-Resistant HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:207. [PMID: 38203378 PMCID: PMC10779249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The combination of trastuzumab and pertuzumab as first-line therapy in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer has shown significant clinical benefits compared to trastuzumab alone. However, despite initial therapeutic success, most patients eventually progress, and tumors develop acquired resistance and invariably relapse. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve our understanding of the mechanisms governing resistance in order to develop targeted therapeutic strategies with improved efficacy. We generated four novel HER2-positive cell lines via prolonged exposure to trastuzumab and pertuzumab and determined their resistance rates. Long-term resistance was confirmed by a significant increase in the colony-forming capacity of the derived cells. We authenticated the molecular identity of the new lines via both immunohistochemistry for the clinical phenotype and molecular profiling of point mutations. HER2 overexpression was confirmed in all resistant cell lines, and acquisition of resistance to trastuzumab and pertuzumab did not translate into differences in ER, PR, and HER2 receptor expression. In contrast, changes in the expression and activity of other HER family members, particularly HER4, were observed. In the same vein, analyses of the receptor and effector kinase status of different cellular pathways revealed that the MAPK pathway may be involved in the acquisition of resistance to trastuzumab and pertuzumab. Finally, proteomic analysis confirmed a significant change in the abundance patterns of more than 600 proteins with implications in key biological processes, such as ribosome formation, mitochondrial activity, and metabolism, which could be relevant mechanisms in the generation of resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer. We concluded that these resistant BCCLs may be a valuable tool to better understand the mechanisms of acquisition of resistance to trastuzumab and pertuzumab-based anti-HER2 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sanz-Álvarez
- Department of Pathology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IIS—FJD, UAM)—CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.-Á.); (M.L.); (M.M.-G.)
| | - Melani Luque
- Department of Pathology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IIS—FJD, UAM)—CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.-Á.); (M.L.); (M.M.-G.)
| | - Miriam Morales-Gallego
- Department of Pathology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IIS—FJD, UAM)—CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.-Á.); (M.L.); (M.M.-G.)
| | - Ion Cristóbal
- Translational Oncology Division, OncoHealth Institute, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IIS—FJD, UAM)—CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Yamileth Rangel
- Department of Pathology, Infanta Elena University Hospital, 28342 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Yann Izarzugaza
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Pilar Eroles
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA—CIBERONC, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Joan Albanell
- Cancer Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital del Mar—CIBERONC, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08002 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Madoz-Gúrpide
- Department of Pathology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IIS—FJD, UAM)—CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.-Á.); (M.L.); (M.M.-G.)
| | - Federico Rojo
- Department of Pathology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IIS—FJD, UAM)—CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.-Á.); (M.L.); (M.M.-G.)
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11
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Hou G, Niu T, Jia A, Zhang Y, Chen X, Wei H, Jia Y, Xu Y, Li Y, Wang P, Chatterjee A. NRG1 promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis and afatinib treatment efficiency is enhanced by NRG1 inhibition in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115920. [PMID: 37989416 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly aggressive tumor with significant heterogeneity in incidence and outcomes. The role of Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) in ESCC and its contribution to aggressiveness remain unknown. This study aims to investigate the functions and molecular mechanisms of NRG1 in ESCC as well as the treatment strategy for ESCC with overexpression of NRG1. We firstly demonstrated the upregulation of NRG1 and a negative correlation trend between patients' overall survival (OS) and the expression level of NRG1 in esophageal cancer. And then we found NRG1 promoted cell proliferation, migration, inhibited apoptosis, and accelerated tumorigenesis and metastasis in ESCC using cell lines and xenograft models. Furthermore, we discovered that NRG1 activated the NF-κB/MMP9 signaling pathway, contributing to the metastatic phenotype in ESCC. Finally, we show that afatinib (FDA approved cancer growth blocker) could inhibit ESCC with overexpressed NRG1 and down-regulation of NRG1 along with afatinib treatment provides higher efficient strategy. This study uncovers the critical role and molecular mechanism of NRG1 in ESCC tumorigenesis and metastasis, suggesting its potential as a novel biomarker for ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Tengda Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xunan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Huiyun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yilin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yichao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yan Li
- Center of Advanced Analysis & Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Pengju Wang
- Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Aniruddha Chatterjee
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES, Dehradun, India.
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12
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Chen W, Hu J, He Y, Yu L, Liu Y, Cheng Y, Jia B, Li X, Yu G, Wang Y. The Interaction Between SMAD1 and YAP1 Is Correlated with Increased Resistance of Gastric Cancer Cells to Cisplatin. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:6050-6067. [PMID: 36418715 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04253-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a major obstacle leading to treating failure and poor outcome in gastric cancer (GC). This study explores the interaction between SMAD family member 1 (SMAD1) and Yes1-associated transcriptional regulator (YAP1) and their roles in cisplatin (DDP) resistance in GC. Transcriptome analysis predicted that SMAD1 is highly expressed in DDP-resistant cells. Elevated SMAD1 expression was detected in GC tissue and cells, especially in DDP-resistant cells (MKN-45/DDP and AGS/DDP). SMAD1 downregulation in cells decreased 50% inhibition value of DDP, reduced proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promoted cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. A protein-protein interaction network suggested a possible SMAD1 and YAP1 interaction in GC. The SMAD1 and YAP1 interaction was validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), and luciferase assays. SMAD1 bound to YAP1 and activated its transcription. SMAD1 formed complexes with YAP1 in nucleus, and YAP1 upregulation enhanced SMAD1 activity as well. Upregulation of YAP1 restored the malignant behaviors of GC cells suppressed by SMAD1 silencing. In vivo, SMAD1 silencing suppressed growth and DDP resistance of xenograft tumors in nude mice, and this suppression was blocked by YAP1 overexpression again. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that SMAD1 can interact with YAP1 to enhance the DDP resistance of GC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjing Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678, Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingtao Hu
- Department of Aviation Health, Anhui Branch of China Eastern Airlines Co. LTD, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawei He
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678, Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678, Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanwei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678, Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yusheng Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678, Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Benli Jia
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678, Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghua Li
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hefei Da'an Medical Laboratory Co., LTD, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678, Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678, Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Wu X, Huang S, He W, Song M. Emerging insights into mechanisms of trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive cancers. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110602. [PMID: 37437432 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
HER2 is an established therapeutic target in breast, gastric, and gastroesophageal junction carcinomas with HER2 overexpression or genomic alterations. The humanized monoclonal antibody trastuzumab targeting HER2 has substantially improved the clinical outcomes of HER2-positive patients, yet the inevitable intrinsic or acquired resistance to trastuzumab limits its clinical benefit, necessitating the elucidation of resistance mechanisms to develop alternate therapeutic strategies. This review presents an overview of trastuzumab resistance mechanisms involving signaling pathways, cellular metabolism, cell plasticity, and tumor microenvironment, particularly discussing the prospects of developing rational combinations to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Wu
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Shuting Huang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Weiling He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China.
| | - Mei Song
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
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14
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Radford M, Abushukair H, Hentzen S, Cavalcante L, Saeed A. Targeted and Immunotherapy Approaches in HER2-Positive Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma: A New Era. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTHERAPY AND PRECISION ONCOLOGY 2023; 6:150-157. [PMID: 37637236 PMCID: PMC10448730 DOI: 10.36401/jipo-22-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
HER2-targeted therapy with the HER2 monoclonal antibody trastuzumab has achieved impressive outcomes in the first-line settings of patients with advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma overexpressing HER2. However, considering that a substantial proportion of those patients eventually relapses, as well as the relatively limited performance of those agents in second-line settings, a deeper understanding of resistance mechanisms is needed for enhanced guidance for patients' therapeutic selection in the second-line setting and beyond. In this review, we highlight trastuzumab's (HER2-targeting agent) performance in patients with gastric or GEJ cancer, with insight into mechanisms of resistance. We also discuss the new integration of PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab into the trastuzumab for gastric cancer frontline regimen, the latest addition of trastuzumab deruxtecan to the treatment armamentarium, and the potential of pipeline HER2-targeting approaches and combinations in patients with gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maluki Radford
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Hassan Abushukair
- Department of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Stijn Hentzen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Ludimila Cavalcante
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anwaar Saeed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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15
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Rao Y, Samuels Z, Carter LM, Monette S, Panikar S, Pereira P, Lewis J. Statins enhance the efficacy of HER2-targeting radioligand therapy in drug-resistant gastric cancers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2220413120. [PMID: 36972439 PMCID: PMC10083538 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2220413120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in various cancer types. HER2-targeting trastuzumab plus chemotherapy is used as first-line therapy for HER2-positive recurrent or primary metastatic gastric cancer, but intrinsic and acquired trastuzumab resistance inevitably develop over time. To overcome gastric cancer resistance to HER2-targeted therapies, we have conjugated trastuzumab with a beta-emitting therapeutic isotope, lutetium-177, to deliver radiation locally to gastric tumors with minimal toxicity. Because trastuzumab-based targeted radioligand therapy (RLT) requires only the extramembrane domain binding of membrane-bound HER2 receptors, HER2-targeting RLT can bypass any resistance mechanisms that occur downstream of HER2 binding. Leveraging our previous discoveries that statins, a class of cholesterol-lowering drugs, can enhance the cell surface-bound HER2 to achieve effective drug delivery in tumors, we proposed that the combination of statins and [177Lu]Lu-trastuzumab-based RLT can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of HER2-targeted RLT in drug-resistant gastric cancers. We demonstrate that lovastatin elevates cell surface HER2 levels and increases the tumor-absorbed radiation dose of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-trastuzumab. Furthermore, lovastatin-modulated [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-trastuzumab RLT durably inhibits tumor growth and prolongs overall survival in mice bearing NCI-N87 gastric tumors and HER2-positive patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) of known clinical resistance to trastuzumab therapy. Statins also exhibit a radioprotective effect, reducing radiotoxicity in a mice cohort given the combination of statins and [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-trastuzumab. Since statins are commonly prescribed to patients, our results strongly support the feasibility of clinical studies that combine lovastatin with HER2-targeted RLT in HER2-postive patients and trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Rao
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY10065
| | - Zachary Samuels
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY10065
| | - Lukas M. Carter
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY10065
| | - Sebastien Monette
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, The Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10065
| | - Sandeep Surendra Panikar
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Patricia M. R. Pereira
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Jason S. Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY10065
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10021
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY10065
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16
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Yang FF, Xu XL, Hu T, Liu JQ, Zhou JZ, Ma LY, Liu HM. Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1 Promises to Be a Novel Target in Cancer Drug Resistance: Therapeutic Implications. J Med Chem 2023; 66:4275-4293. [PMID: 37014989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy are effective against most tumors, but drug resistance remains a barrier to successful treatment. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), a member of histone demethylation modifications, can regulate invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and immune escape of tumor cells, which are associated with tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Recent studies suggest that LSD1 ablation regulates resensitivity of tumor cells to anticarcinogens containing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) via multiple upstream and downstream pathways. In this review, we describe the recent findings about LSD1 biology and its role in the development and progression of cancer drug resistance. Further, we summarize LSD1 inhibitors that have a reversal or resensitive effect on drug resistance and discuss the possibility of targeting LSD1 in combination with other agents to surmount resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xue-Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ting Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jian-Quan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jin-Zhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Li-Ying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Drug, China Meheco Topfond Pharmaceutical Company, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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17
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Cao Z, An L, Han Y, Jiao S, Zhou Z. The Hippo signaling pathway in gastric cancer. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023. [PMID: 36924251 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is an aggressive malignant disease which still lacks effective early diagnosis markers and targeted therapies, representing the fourth-leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. The Hippo signaling pathway plays crucial roles in organ size control and tissue homeostasis under physiological conditions, yet its aberrations have been closely associated with several hallmarks of cancer. The last decade witnessed a burst of investigations dissecting how Hippo dysregulation contributes to tumorigenesis, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting this pathway for tumor intervention. In this review, we systemically document studies on the Hippo pathway in the contexts of gastric tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, acquired drug resistance, and the emerging development of Hippo-targeting strategies. By summarizing major open questions in this field, we aim to inspire further in-depth understanding of Hippo signaling in GC development, as well as the translational implications of targeting Hippo for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifa Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Liwei An
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Shi Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhaocai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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18
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Peng X, Shi J, Zhao Z, Tong R, Zhang X, Zhong L. Emetine, a small molecule natural product, displays potent anti-gastric cancer activity via regulation of multiple signaling pathways. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2023; 91:303-315. [PMID: 36941385 PMCID: PMC10027284 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-023-04521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a life-threatening malignant tumor with high incidence rate. Despite great progress, there are still many GC sufferers that cannot benefit from the existing anti-GC treatments. Therefore, it is still necessary to develop novel medicines against GC. Emetine, a natural small molecule isolated from Psychotria ipecacuanha, has been broadly used for medicinal purposes including cancer treatment. Here, we conducted a comprehensive study on the anti-GC effects of emetine and the related mechanisms of action. METHODS The cell viability was evaluated by MTT and colony formation assay. Cellular proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed by edu incorporation assay and Annexin V-PI staining, respectively. Moreover, wound healing assay and transwell invasion assay were conducted to detect cell migration and invasion after treatment with emetine. To elucidate the molecular mechanism involved in the anti-GC effects of emetine, RNA sequencing and functional enrichment analysis were carried out on MGC803 cells. Then, the western blot analysis was performed to further verify the anti-GC mechanism of emetine. In vivo anti-tumor efficacy of emetine was evaluated in the MGC803 xenograft model. RESULTS MTT and colony formation assay exhibited a strong potency of emetine against GC cell growth, with IC50 values of 0.0497 μM and 0.0244 μM on MGC803 and HGC-27 cells, respectively. Further pharmacodynamic studies revealed that emetine restrained the growth of GC cells mainly via proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction. Meanwhile, emetine also had the ability to block GC cell migration and invasion. The results of RNA sequencing and western blot showed that emetine acted through regulating multiple signaling pathways, including not only MAPKs and Wnt/β-catenin signaling axes, but also PI3K/AKT and Hippo/YAP signaling cascades that were not found in other tumor types. Notably, the antitumor efficacy of emetine could also be observed in MGC803 xenograft models. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that emetine is a promising lead compound and even a potential drug candidate for GC treatment, deserving further structural optimization and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerun Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Lei Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
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19
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Ma C, Wang X, Guo J, Yang B, Li Y. Challenges and future of HER2-positive gastric cancer therapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1080990. [PMID: 36793592 PMCID: PMC9924067 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1080990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer worldwide, and the treatment of advanced gastric cancer has relatively little progress. With the continuous development of molecularly targeted therapy for tumors, it has been discovered that human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) contributes to the poor prognosis and pathogenesis of various cancers. In order to treat HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer, Trastuzumab has emerged as the first first-line targeted medication used in conjunction with chemotherapy. The consequent trastuzumab resistance has become an important issue, and various new HER2-targeted gastric cancer drugs are emerging to address this challenge. This review's primary concern is the drug mechanism of various HER2-positive gastric cancer targeted therapy and fresh techniques of detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenzhe Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiwu Guo
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yumin Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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20
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Messina B, Lo Sardo F, Scalera S, Memeo L, Colarossi C, Mare M, Blandino G, Ciliberto G, Maugeri-Saccà M, Bon G. Hippo pathway dysregulation in gastric cancer: from Helicobacter pylori infection to tumor promotion and progression. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:21. [PMID: 36635265 PMCID: PMC9837097 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05568-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway plays a critical role for balancing proliferation and differentiation, thus regulating tissue homeostasis. The pathway acts through a kinase cascade whose final effectors are the Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its paralog transcriptional co‑activator with PDZ‑binding motif (TAZ). In response to a variety of upstream signals, YAP and TAZ activate a transcriptional program that modulates cellular proliferation, tissue repair after injury, stem cell fate decision, and cytoskeletal reorganization. Hippo pathway signaling is often dysregulated in gastric cancer and in Helicobacter pylori-induced infection, suggesting a putative role of its deregulation since the early stages of the disease. In this review, we summarize the architecture and regulation of the Hippo pathway and discuss how its dysregulation fuels the onset and progression of gastric cancer. In this setting, we also focus on the crosstalk between Hippo and other established oncogenic signaling pathways. Lastly, we provide insights into the therapeutic approaches targeting aberrant YAP/TAZ activation and discuss the related clinical perspectives and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Messina
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Lo Sardo
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Scalera
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Pathology Unit, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, Italy
| | | | - Marzia Mare
- Medical Oncology Unit, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Bon
- Cellular Network and Molecular Therapeutic Target Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
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21
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Targeting the Hippo Pathway in Gastric Cancer and Other Malignancies in the Digestive System: From Bench to Bedside. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102512. [PMID: 36289774 PMCID: PMC9599207 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is an evolutionally conserved signaling cascade that controls organ size and tissue regeneration under physiological conditions, and its aberrations have been well studied to promote tumor initiation and progression. Dysregulation of the Hippo tumor suppressor signaling frequently occurs in gastric cancer (GC) and other solid tumors and contributes to cancer development through modulating multiple aspects, including cell proliferation, survival, metastasis, and oncotherapy resistance. In the clinic, Hippo components also possess diagnostic and prognostic values for cancer patients. Considering its crucial role in driving tumorigenesis, targeting the Hippo pathway may greatly benefit developing novel cancer therapies. This review summarizes the current research progress regarding the core components and regulation of the Hippo pathway, as well as the mechanism and functional roles of their dysregulation in gastrointestinal malignancies, especially in GC, and discusses the therapeutic potential of targeting the Hippo pathway against cancers.
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22
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Werner M, Dyas A, Parfentev I, Schmidt GE, Mieczkowska IK, Müller-Kirschbaum LC, Müller C, Kalkhof S, Reinhardt O, Urlaub H, Alves F, Gallwas J, Prokakis E, Wegwitz F. ROBO3s: a novel ROBO3 short isoform promoting breast cancer aggressiveness. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:762. [PMID: 36057630 PMCID: PMC9440919 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is a highly aggressive breast cancer subtype frequently associated with poor prognosis. Due to the scarcity of targeted treatment options, conventional cytotoxic chemotherapies frequently remain the standard of care. Unfortunately, their efficacy is limited as BLBC malignancies rapidly develop resistant phenotypes. Using transcriptomic and proteomic approaches in human and murine BLBC cells, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the acquisition of aggressive and chemotherapy-resistant phenotypes in these mammary tumors. Specifically, we identified and characterized a novel short isoform of Roundabout Guidance Receptor 3 (ROBO3s), upregulated in BLBC in response to chemotherapy and encoding for a protein variant lacking the transmembrane domain. We established an important role for the ROBO3s isoform, mediating cancer stem cell properties by stimulating the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway, and thus driving resistance of BLBC cells to cytotoxic drugs. By uncovering the conservation of ROBO3s expression across multiple cancer types, as well as its association with reduced BLBC-patient survival, we emphasize its potential as a prognostic marker and identify a novel attractive target for anti-cancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Werner
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany ,grid.4567.00000 0004 0483 2525Chromosome Dynamics and Genome Stability, Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Dyas
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany ,grid.4372.20000 0001 2105 1091International Max-Planck Research School for Molecular Biology, Göttingen, Germany ,Early Cancer Institute, University of Cambridge, Department of Oncology, Hutchison Research Centre, Box 197 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, Germany
| | - Iwan Parfentev
- grid.4372.20000 0001 2105 1091Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Geske E. Schmidt
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Iga K. Mieczkowska
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lukas C. Müller-Kirschbaum
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Müller
- grid.418008.50000 0004 0494 3022Department of Preclinical Development and Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Kalkhof
- grid.418008.50000 0004 0494 3022Department of Preclinical Development and Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Oliver Reinhardt
- grid.4372.20000 0001 2105 1091Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Henning Urlaub
- grid.4372.20000 0001 2105 1091Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany ,grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Bioanalytics, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frauke Alves
- grid.4372.20000 0001 2105 1091Translational Molecular Imaging, Max-Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany ,grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medicine Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julia Gallwas
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Evangelos Prokakis
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Florian Wegwitz
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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23
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EGR1-CCL2 Feedback Loop Maintains Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Cisplatin-Resistant Gastric Cancer Cells and Promotes Tumor Angiogenesis. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:3702-3713. [PMID: 34499269 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-07250-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism of cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer (GC) is still elusive; several recent evidences proposed that chemoresistant tumor cells acquired aggressive behaviors. AIMS This study was aimed to investigate the mechanism of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis in chemoresistant GC. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis and function or mechanism experiments including RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence, Western blot, luciferase reporter assay, Chromatin immunoprecipitation, Chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay and animal experiments were applied to evaluate the role of EGR1-CCL2 feedback loop. RESULTS Compared with the parental cell line SGC7901, cisplatin resistant SGC7901R cells underwent EMT and showed increased angiogenic capabilities. Mechanistically, SGC7901R cells showed increased levels of EGR1, which could transcriptionally activate the angiogenic factor CCL2 and EMT regulator ZEB2. Reciprocally, CCL2 activated the CCR2-ERK-ELK1-EGR1 pathway, thus forming a positive feed-forward loop. Moreover, CCL2 in culture medium of SGC7901R cells promoted angiogenesis of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs). EGR1 expression was positively correlated with CCL2 and ZEB2 in clinical GC tissues, and the depletion of ERG1 could also decrease microvessel density and ZEB2 expression in metastatic nodules of nude mice. CONCLUSIONS EGR1-CCL2 feedback loop might exert critical roles on EMT and angiogenesis of chemoresistant GC.
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24
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Sun J, Li X, Chen P, Gao Y. From Anti-HER-2 to Anti-HER-2-CAR-T Cells: An Evolutionary Immunotherapy Approach for Gastric Cancer. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:4061-4085. [PMID: 35873388 PMCID: PMC9304417 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s368138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Current Therapeutic modalities provide no survival advantage to gastric cancer (GC) patients. Targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) is a viable therapeutic strategy against advanced HER-2 positive GC. Antibody-drug conjugates, small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and bispecific antibodies are emerging as novel drug forms that may abrogate the resistance to HER-2-specific drugs and monoclonal antibodies. Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells (CAR-T) targeting HER-2 have shown considerable therapeutic potential in GC and other solid tumors. However, due to the high heterogeneity along with the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) of GC that often leads to immune escape, the immunological treatment of GC still faces many challenges. Here, we reviewed and discussed the current progress in the research of anti-HER-2-CAR-T cell immunotherapy against GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongshun Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, People's Republic of China
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Yao X, He Z, Qin C, Zhang P, Sui C, Deng X, Fang Y, Li G, Shi J. Inhibition of PFKFB3 in HER2-positive gastric cancer improves sensitivity to trastuzumab by inducing tumour vessel normalisation. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:811-823. [PMID: 35637411 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01834-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple mechanisms have been proposed that lead to reduced effectiveness of trastuzumab in HER2-positive gastric cancer (GC), yet resistance to trastuzumab remains a challenge in clinics. METHODS We established trastuzumab-resistant cells and patient-derived xenografts models to measure metabolic levels and vascular density and shape. The HER2-positive GC patient samples were used to determine clinical significance. We also measured protein expression and phosphorylation modifications to determine those alterations related to resistance. In vivo studies combining inhibitor of PFKFB3 with trastuzumab corroborated the in vitro findings. RESULTS The 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase (PFKFB3)-mediated trastuzumab resistance pathways in HER2-positive GC by activating the glycolytic pathway. We also found vessels are chaotic and destabilised in the tumour during the trastuzumab resistance process. Inhibition of PFKFB3 significantly diminished tumour proliferation and promoted vessel normalisation in the patient-derived xenograft model. Mechanistically, PFKFB3 promoted the secretion of CXCL8 into the tumour microenvironment, and phosphorylated Ser1151 of ERBB2, enhancing the transcription of CXCL8 by activating the PI3K/AKT/NFκB p65 pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our current findings discover that PFKFB3 inhibitors might be effective tools to overcome adjuvant therapy resistance in HER2-positive GC and reshaping the microenvironment by normalising tumour vessels is a novel strategy to overcome trastuzumab resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Yao
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhanke He
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Caolitao Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases & Department of Radiation Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
| | - Penghao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuyang Sui
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangqian Deng
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuxin Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoxin Li
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiaolong Shi
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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26
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Seeneevassen L, Dubus P, Gronnier C, Varon C. Hippo in Gastric Cancer: From Signalling to Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092282. [PMID: 35565411 PMCID: PMC9105983 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is one of the most important ones in mammals. Its key functions in cell proliferation, tissue growth, repair, and homeostasis make it the most crucial one to be controlled. Many means have been deployed for its regulation, since this pathway is not only composed of core regulatory components, but it also communicates with and regulates various other pathways, making this signalisation even more complex. Its role in cancer has been studied more and more over the past few years, and it presents YAP/TAZ as the major oncogenic actors. In this review, we relate how vital this pathway is for different organs, and how regulatory mechanisms have been bypassed to lead to cancerous states. Most studies present an upregulation status of YAP/TAZ, and urge the need to target them. A focus is made here on gastric carcinogenesis, its main dysregulations, and the major strategies adopted and tested to counteract Hippo pathway disbalance in this disease. Hippo pathway targeting can be achieved by various means, which are described in this review. Many studies have tested different potential molecules, which are detailed hereby. Though not all tested in gastric cancer, they could represent a real interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lornella Seeneevassen
- BRIC (BoRdeaux Institute of onCology), UMR1312, INSERM, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; (L.S.); (P.D.); (C.G.)
| | - Pierre Dubus
- BRIC (BoRdeaux Institute of onCology), UMR1312, INSERM, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; (L.S.); (P.D.); (C.G.)
- Department of Histology and Pathology, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Caroline Gronnier
- BRIC (BoRdeaux Institute of onCology), UMR1312, INSERM, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; (L.S.); (P.D.); (C.G.)
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Haut-Lévêque Hospital, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Christine Varon
- BRIC (BoRdeaux Institute of onCology), UMR1312, INSERM, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; (L.S.); (P.D.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence:
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27
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Blangé D, Stroes CI, Derks S, Bijlsma MF, van Laarhoven HW. Resistance Mechanisms to HER2-Targeted Therapy in Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review. Cancer Treat Rev 2022; 108:102418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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28
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Higo H, Ohashi K, Tomida S, Okawa S, Yamamoto H, Sugimoto S, Senoo S, Makimoto G, Ninomiya K, Nakasuka T, Nishii K, Taniguchi A, Kubo T, Ichihara E, Hotta K, Miyahara N, Maeda Y, Toyooka S, Kiura K. Identification of targetable kinases in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 2022; 23:20. [PMID: 35130915 PMCID: PMC8822646 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-01940-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tyrosine kinase activation plays an important role in the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. In this study, we analyzed the expression of 612 kinase-coding and cancer-related genes using next-generation sequencing to identify potential therapeutic targets for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Methods Thirteen samples from five patients with IPF (Cases 1–5) and eight samples from four patients without IPF (control) were included in this study. Six of the thirteen samples were obtained from different lung segments of a single patient who underwent bilateral pneumonectomy. Gene expression analysis of IPF lung tissue samples (n = 13) and control samples (n = 8) was performed using SureSelect RNA Human Kinome Kit. The expression of the selected genes was further confirmed at the protein level by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results Gene expression analysis revealed a correlation between the gene expression signatures and the degree of fibrosis, as assessed by Ashcroft score. In addition, the expression analysis indicated a stronger heterogeneity among the IPF lung samples than among the control lung samples. In the integrated analysis of the 21 samples, DCLK1 and STK33 were found to be upregulated in IPF lung samples compared to control lung samples. However, the top most upregulated genes were distinct in individual cases. DCLK1, PDK4, and ERBB4 were upregulated in IPF case 1, whereas STK33, PIM2, and SYK were upregulated in IPF case 2. IHC revealed that these proteins were expressed in the epithelial layer of the fibrotic lesions. Conclusions We performed a comprehensive kinase expression analysis to explore the potential therapeutic targets for IPF. We found that DCLK1 and STK33 may serve as potential candidate targets for molecular targeted therapy of IPF. In addition, PDK4, ERBB4, PIM2, and SYK might also serve as personalized therapeutic targets of IPF. Additional large-scale studies are warranted to develop personalized therapies for patients with IPF. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-022-01940-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisao Higo
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kadoaki Ohashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Shuta Tomida
- Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Sachi Okawa
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Yamamoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Satoru Senoo
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Go Makimoto
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kiichiro Ninomiya
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takamasa Nakasuka
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuya Nishii
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Taniguchi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshio Kubo
- Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Eiki Ichihara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Hotta
- Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Miyahara
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Medical Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shinichi Toyooka
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Kiura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
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29
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Roviello G, Catalano M, Iannone LF, Marano L, Brugia M, Rossi G, Aprile G, Antonuzzo L. Current status and future perspectives in HER2 positive advanced gastric cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:981-996. [PMID: 35091998 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02760-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancy worldwide with a prognosis less than 1 year in unresectable or metastatic disease. HER2 expression is the main biomarker to lead the addition of trastuzumab to first line systemic chemotherapy improving the overall survival in advanced HER2-positivegastric adenocarcinoma. The inevitable development of resistance to trastuzumab remains a great problem inasmuch several treatment strategies that have proven effective in breast cancer failed to show clinical benefit in advanced gastric cancer. In this review, we summarize the available data on the mechanisms underlying primary and secondary resistance toHER2-targeted therapy and current challenges in the treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer refractory to trastuzumab. Further, we describe the prognostic value of new non-invasive screening techniques, the current development of novel agents such us HER2 antibody-drug conjugates and bispecific antibodies, and the strategies with antitumor activity on going.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Roviello
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.
| | - M Catalano
- School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - L F Iannone
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - L Marano
- Department of Medical, Surgical and NeuroSciences, Section of Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M Brugia
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - G Rossi
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - G Aprile
- Department of Oncology, San Bortolo General Hospital, AULSS8 Berica, Vicenza, Italy
| | - L Antonuzzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy.,Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134, Florence, Italy
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30
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Wang C, Wei J, Huang L, Xu C. Expression of 34 βE12 may be an independent predictor of survival in breast cancer. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:300060520967774. [PMID: 34666529 PMCID: PMC8532230 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520967774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the relationship between high-molecular-weight cytokeratin (34βE12) and clinicopathological parameters (including HER-2, Ki67 and steroid receptors) in breast cancer to determine its usefulness as a prognostic marker. Methods In this retrospective study, the expression level 34βE12 was assessed in surgically resected breast cancer specimens by immunohistochemical staining. Data were correlated with the patients’ clinicopathological parameters. Results Of the 348 breast cancer tissue samples, 232 (67%) showed positive expression of 34βE12. There were statistically significant differences between the positive and negative 34βE12 expression groups in tumour size, lymph node involvement, oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) status. There were no differences between groups in age, tumour grade, or Ki67 status. In addition, patients who were positive for 34βE12 had significantly extended overall survival. In multivariate analysis, the expression level of 34βE12 was found to be a significant independent prognostic factor. Conclusion These results suggest that positive 34βE12 expression is associated with a favourable outcome in breast cancer and so may be a useful prognostic factor. Further studies are required to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuchu Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing University Medical College, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiangguo Wei
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liming Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing University Medical College, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Medical Research Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaoyang Xu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing University Medical College, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Medical Research Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
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31
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Molecular Targets for Gastric Cancer Treatment and Future Perspectives from a Clinical and Translational Point of View. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205216. [PMID: 34680363 PMCID: PMC8533881 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Systemic treatment comprising chemotherapy and targeted therapy is the standard of care in advanced/metastatic gastric cancer. Comprehensive molecular characterization of gastric adenocarcinomas by the TCGA Consortium and ACRG has resulted in the definition of distinct molecular subtypes. These efforts have in parallel built a basis for the development of novel molecularly stratified treatment approaches. Based on this molecular characterization, an increasing number of specific genomic alterations can potentially serve as treatment targets. Consequently, the development of promising compounds is ongoing. In this review, key molecular alterations in gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers will be addressed. Finally, the current status of the translation of targeted therapy towards clinical applications will be reviewed.
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Hasegawa T, Sugihara T, Hoshino Y, Tarumoto R, Matsuki Y, Kanda T, Takata T, Nagahara T, Matono T, Isomoto H. Photosensitizer verteporfin inhibits the growth of YAP- and TAZ-dominant gastric cancer cells by suppressing the anti-apoptotic protein Survivin in a light-independent manner. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:703. [PMID: 34457058 PMCID: PMC8358589 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) positivity indicates a poor prognosis in gastric cancer. Transcriptional co-activator with a PDZ-binding domain (TAZ), a YAP paralog, is highly expressed in gastric signet ring cell carcinoma. Verteporfin (VP), a clinical photosensitizer, was recently shown to inhibit YAP/TAZ. In the present study, the therapeutic potential of VP treatment was explored using two gastric cancer cell lines: MKN-45 (TAZ-dominant) and MKN-74 (YAP-dominant). Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTS assay. Vascular mimicry was evaluated by the tube formation assay. Gene and protein expression levels of YAP/TAZ downstream effectors [such as Survivin, Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)] were measured. YAP or TAZ localization was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Cell death was assessed by immunofluorescent staining of Annexin V. YAP and TAZ expression were knocked down by small interfering RNA. The current results demonstrate that MKN-45, a poorly differentiated TAZ-dominant gastric cancer cell line, was more sensitive to VP than MKN-74, a moderately differentiated YAP-dominant gastric cancer cell line. VP changed the localization of YAP/TAZ, promoted its degradation and significantly decreased the protein level of Survivin in both cell lines. Cell death was induced by VP treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Vascular mimicry was inhibited in both cell lines. Proliferation in both cell lines decreased in response to YAP/TAZ knockdown. The present study indicated that VP has potential as a therapeutic agent in YAP- and TAZ-dominant gastric cancers due to its ability to suppress the anti-apoptotic protein Survivin via inhibition of YAP and TAZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hasegawa
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Takaaki Sugihara
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Hoshino
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Ryohei Tarumoto
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Yukako Matsuki
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Kanda
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Takata
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Takakazu Nagahara
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Matono
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Hajime Isomoto
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
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Roviello G, Aprile G, D'Angelo A, Iannone LF, Roviello F, Polom K, Mini E, Catalano M. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in advanced gastric cancer: where do we stand? Gastric Cancer 2021; 24:765-779. [PMID: 33742317 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-021-01182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancy worldwide. In unresectable or metastatic disease, the prognosis is poor and in generally less than a year. HER2 expression remains an important biomarker to lead the addition of trastuzumab to first-line systemic chemotherapy in unresectable or metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. To date, a major issue is represented by resistance to trastuzumab developed during treatment, considering the not improved outcomes in this molecular subtype of gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma to other HER2 target strategies. In this review, we summarize the available data on the mechanisms underlying primary and secondary resistance to HER2-targeted therapy and current challenges in the treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer refractory to trastuzumab. Furthermore, we describe the prognostic value of new non-invasive screening methods, under development novel agents (e.g., HER2 antibody-drug conjugates and bispecific antibodies) and strategies with antitumor activity in early studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giandomenico Roviello
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Aprile
- Department of Oncology, San Bortolo General Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Alberto D'Angelo
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | | | - Franco Roviello
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences, Section of Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Karol Polom
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences, Section of Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Gdansk Medical University, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Enrico Mini
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Martina Catalano
- School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
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Chu Y, Xiao Z, Jing N, Yan W, Wang S, Ma B, Zhang J, Li Y. Arborinine, a potential LSD1 inhibitor, inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition of SGC-7901 cells and adriamycin-resistant gastric cancer SGC-7901/ADR cells. Invest New Drugs 2021; 39:627-635. [PMID: 33215324 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-020-01016-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Arborinine is a natural product isolated from G. parva leaf extracts, which displays potentially antiproliferative activity against human cervical cancer cells. In contrast, its anticancer effects against gastric cancer cells and drug-resistant gastric cancer cells remain unknown. In this work, arborinine was evaluated as a broad-spectrum antiproliferative agent, and it exhibited potently inhibitory activity against NCI-N87 (IC50 = 5.67 μM), BGC-823 (IC50 = 7.26 μM), MGC803 (IC50 = 4.75 μM), SGC-7901 (IC50 = 1.96 μM), HGC-27 (IC50 = 5.70 μM), SGC-7901/ADR (IC50 = 0.24 μM), SGC-7901/VCR (IC50 = 1.09 μM), and MGC803/PTX (IC50 = 1.32 μM) cell lines. Subsequent target verification experiments demonstrated that arborinine selectively and reversibly inhibited LSD1 in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, it was found that arborinine suppressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 and adriamycin-resistant gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901/ADR in a dose-dependent manner. The in vivo antitumor study further indicated that arborinine can significantly reduce the growth of tumors both in SGC-7901 and SGC-7901/ADR xenograft mouse models. Overall, we demonstrated the potential of arborinine as an effective treatment for gastric cancer and adriamycin-resistant gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Chu
- Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Zheng Xiao
- Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Nan Jing
- Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Wenjuan Yan
- Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Shanmei Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Bing Ma
- Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Jiangfeng Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Yi Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
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Shi W, Zhang G, Ma Z, Li L, Liu M, Qin L, Yu Z, Zhao L, Liu Y, Zhang X, Qin J, Ye H, Jiang X, Zhou H, Sun H, Jiao Z. Hyperactivation of HER2-SHCBP1-PLK1 axis promotes tumor cell mitosis and impairs trastuzumab sensitivity to gastric cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2812. [PMID: 33990570 PMCID: PMC8121856 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23053-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Trastuzumab is the backbone of HER2-directed gastric cancer therapy, but poor patient response due to insufficient cell sensitivity and drug resistance remains a clinical challenge. Here, we report that HER2 is involved in cell mitotic promotion for tumorigenesis by hyperactivating a crucial HER2-SHCBP1-PLK1 axis that drives trastuzumab sensitivity and is targeted therapeutically. SHCBP1 is an Shc1-binding protein but is detached from scaffold protein Shc1 following HER2 activation. Released SHCBP1 responds to HER2 cascade by translocating into the nucleus following Ser273 phosphorylation, and then contributing to cell mitosis regulation through binding with PLK1 to promote the phosphorylation of the mitotic interactor MISP. Meanwhile, Shc1 is recruited to HER2 for MAPK or PI3K pathways activation. Also, clinical evidence shows that increased SHCBP1 prognosticates a poor response of patients to trastuzumab therapy. Theaflavine-3, 3'-digallate (TFBG) is identified as an inhibitor of the SHCBP1-PLK1 interaction, which is a potential trastuzumab sensitizing agent and, in combination with trastuzumab, is highly efficacious in suppressing HER2-positive gastric cancer growth. These findings suggest an aberrant mitotic HER2-SHCBP1-PLK1 axis underlies trastuzumab sensitivity and offer a new strategy to combat gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wengui Shi
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
- Biobank of Tumors from Plateau of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gengyuan Zhang
- The Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijian Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianshun Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Qin
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
- Biobank of Tumors from Plateau of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyuan Yu
- The Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
- Biobank of Tumors from Plateau of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
- Biobank of Tumors from Plateau of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Qin
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
- Biobank of Tumors from Plateau of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huili Ye
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
- Biobank of Tumors from Plateau of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyan Jiang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huinian Zhou
- The Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Sun
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Biobank of Tumors from Plateau of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zuoyi Jiao
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Biobank of Tumors from Plateau of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
- The Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Lengyel CG, Hussain S, Trapani D, El Bairi K, Altuna SC, Seeber A, Odhiambo A, Habeeb BS, Seid F. The Emerging Role of Liquid Biopsy in Gastric Cancer. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2108. [PMID: 34068319 PMCID: PMC8153353 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Liquid biopsy (LB) is a novel diagnostic method with the potential of revolutionizing the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of several solid tumors. The present paper aims to summarize the current knowledge and explore future possibilities of LB in the management of metastatic gastric cancer. (2) Methods: This narrative review examined the most recent literature on the use of LB-based techniques in metastatic gastric cancer and the current LB-related clinical trial landscape. (3) Results: In gastric cancer, the detection of circulating cancer cells (CTCs) has been recognized to have a prognostic role in all the disease stages. In the setting of localized disease, cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) qualitative and quantitative detection have the potential to inform on the risk of cancer recurrence and metastatic dissemination. In addition, gastric cancer-released exosomes may play an essential part in metastasis formation. In the metastatic setting, the levels of cfDNA show a positive correlation with tumor burden. There is evidence that circulating tumor microemboli (CTM) in the blood of metastatic patients is an independent prognostic factor for shorter overall survival. Gastric cancer-derived exosomal microRNAs or clonal mutations and copy number variations detectable in ctDNA may contribute resistance to chemotherapy or targeted therapies, respectively. There is conflicting and limited data on CTC-based PD-L1 verification and cfDNA-based Epstein-Barr virus detection to predict or monitor immunotherapy responses. (4) Conclusions: Although preliminary studies analyzing LBs in patients with advanced gastric cancer appear promising, more research is required to obtain better insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to systemic therapies. Moreover, validation and standardization of LB methods are crucial before introducing them in clinical practice. The feasibility of repeatable, minimally invasive sampling opens up the possibility of selecting or dynamically changing therapies based on prognostic risk or predictive biomarkers, such as resistance markers. Research is warranted to exploit a possible transforming area of cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sadaqat Hussain
- North West Cancer Center, Altnagelvin Hospital, Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK;
| | - Dario Trapani
- European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy;
| | | | | | - Andreas Seeber
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Andrew Odhiambo
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi 30197, Kenya;
| | - Baker Shalal Habeeb
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaqlawa Teaching Hospital, Shaqlawa, Erbil 44005, Iraq;
| | - Fahmi Seid
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa 1560, Ethiopia;
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He Z, Chen D, Wu J, Sui C, Deng X, Zhang P, Chen Z, Liu D, Yu J, Shi J, Li G, Yao X. Yes associated protein 1 promotes resistance to 5-fluorouracil in gastric cancer by regulating GLUT3-dependent glycometabolism reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 702:108838. [PMID: 33727040 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely used chemotherapy regimen for the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). However, resistance to 5-FU remains a major drawback in the clinical use. The treatments of anti-tumor chemo-agents recruit tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) which are highly implicated in the chemoresistance development, but the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that YAP1 is overexpressed in resistant GC tissues compared to sensitive GC tissues. Further, IL-3 secreted by YAP1-overexpressed GC could skew macrophage polarization to M2-like phenotype and inducing GLUT3-depended glycolysis program. Meanwhile, polarized M2 macrophages enhance 5-FU resistance in tumor cells by secreting CCL8 and activating phosphorylation of JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanke He
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Da Chen
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiani Wu
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuyang Sui
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangqian Deng
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Penghao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zechang Chen
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Diankun Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaolong Shi
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Guoxin Li
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xingxing Yao
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Palle J, Rochand A, Pernot S, Gallois C, Taïeb J, Zaanan A. Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) in Advanced Gastric Cancer: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Drugs 2020; 80:401-415. [PMID: 32077003 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-020-01272-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression in 15-20% of gastric adenocarcinomas has been a key advance in the global care of this disease. Validated by the ToGA trial in the first-line setting of advanced HER2-positive (+) gastric cancer (GC), trastuzumab, an anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb), was the first therapeutic agent to significantly improve the prognosis of these patients. Since these results, many attempts have been made to improve the clinical outcomes of patients with HER2+ GC. However, all the other HER2-targeting molecules have failed to show a survival benefit in large phase III studies. The value of continuing trastuzumab after disease progression has been suggested by several retrospective studies. However, recent results of a randomized phase II trial showed no benefit from this strategy. On the other hand, novel therapeutic methods, such as immunotherapy, are emerging as new tools in the strategy of care of advanced GC, even if their benefit in the specific HER2+ population remains undetermined. Furthermore, substantial progress has been made in the understanding of the mechanisms leading to resistance to anti-HER2 therapies, and in the screening methods to detect them, thus opening new perspectives. The aim of this review was firstly to summarize the existing data on the specific strategy of care of HER2+ advanced GC, and secondly, to describe current knowledge regarding the potential mechanisms of resistance to HER2-targeting therapies. Lastly, we report the prospects for overcoming these potential obstacles, from future therapeutic strategies to new detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Palle
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Adrien Rochand
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Simon Pernot
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Claire Gallois
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Julien Taïeb
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Aziz Zaanan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France. .,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, 75006, Paris, France.
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Guo L, Zheng J, Zeng H, Zhang Z, Shao G. Atorvastatin potentiates the chemosensitivity of human liver cancer cells to cisplatin via downregulating YAP1. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:82. [PMID: 33363619 PMCID: PMC7723154 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Atorvastatin is a competitive inhibitor of β-hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, which is involved in anticancer effects in numerous types of cancer, including in human liver cancer. However, its functions and underlying mechanisms of chemosensitivity in liver cancer remain to be elucidated. The present study investigated the effect of atorvastatin on cisplatin chemosensitivity and its molecular mechanisms, with a focus on the Yes1-associated transcriptional regulator (YAP1) protein. The present study demonstrated that atorvastatin significantly potentiated chemosensitivity to cisplatin in the liver cancer HepG2 and Huh-7 cell lines. Furthermore, cell survival and apoptosis in liver cancer cell lines were analyzed using MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Atorvastatin suppressed HepG2 and Huh-7 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, similar to cisplatin and paclitaxel. Subtoxic levels of atorvastatin significantly increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis in Huh-7 cells. Atorvastatin-promoted chemosensitivity was predominantly mediated by caspase 3, caspase 9 and poly-(ADP ribose)-polymerase activation, and YAP1 downregulation. Finally, YAP1 overexpression significantly reversed the susceptibility of Huh-7 cells to cisplatin. Overall, the results of the present study suggested the underlying mechanisms of atorvastatin chemosensitivity in inducing liver cancer cell apoptosis via downregulating YAP1 and implicated the potential application of atorvastatin-potentiated chemosensitivity in liver cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Guo
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Jiaping Zheng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Zhewei Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Guoliang Shao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
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Zhang H, Zhang XY, Kang XN, Jin LJ, Wang ZY. LncRNA-SNHG7 Enhances Chemotherapy Resistance and Cell Viability of Breast Cancer Cells by Regulating miR-186. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:10163-10172. [PMID: 33116871 PMCID: PMC7569248 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s270328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical tolerance to trastuzumab greatly affects the therapeutic effect in breast cancer (BC). Long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in the development of trastuzumab resistance, in which SNHG7 can promote the epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of breast cancer cells into, while EMT is related to trastuzumab resistance of breast cancer cells. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether lncRNA-SNHG7 can enhance chemotherapy resistance and cell viability of BC cells by regulating miR-186. METHODS SK-BR-3 and SNHG7 of HER2+BC cells were induced to enhance the resistance of BC cells to trastuzumab by regulating miR-186, and to regulate the expression levels of SNHG7 and miR-186. The sensitivity of drug-resistant cells to trastuzumab and the changes of cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and EMT were measured and verified by tumorigenesis in vivo. The effects of miR-186 on SNHG7 were investigated through rescue experiments; the regulatory relationship between the expression of SNHG7 and miR-186 was verified by the double luciferase reporter (DLR) and the mechanism of SNHG7 was explored. RESULTS Down-regulation of SNHG7 or up-regulation of miR-186 could increase the sensitivity of BC cells to trastuzumab, inhibit the proliferation, migration and EMT, and promote apoptosis. Compared with the down-regulation of SNHG7 or miR-186 alone, simultaneous down-regulation of SNHG7 and miR-186 on drug-resistant cells brought notably lower sensitivity to trastuzumab and apoptosis rate, and higher proliferation and apoptosis ability. The DLR showed that miR-186 could specifically inhibit the expression of SNHG7. The results of tumorigenesis in vivo revealed that down-regulation of SNHG7 or up-regulation of miR-186 could improve the therapeutic effect of trastuzumab and reduce the tumor volume, and miR-186 could also antagonize the effect of SNHG7. CONCLUSION Down-regulation of SNHG7-targeted miR-186 can reverse trastuzumab resistance of BC cells, inhibit the proliferation, migration, and EMT levels of BC cells, and promote apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei061001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei061001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ning Kang
- Department of Ultrasound, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei061001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Jun Jin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei061001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zun-Yi Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei061001, People’s Republic of China
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Yao X, He Z, Qin C, Deng X, Bai L, Li G, Shi J. SLC2A3 promotes macrophage infiltration by glycolysis reprogramming in gastric cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:503. [PMID: 33061855 PMCID: PMC7552479 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01599-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumors display a high rate of glucose metabolism and the SLC2A (also known as GLUT) gene family may be central regulators of cellular glucose uptake. However, roles of SLC2A family in mechanism of metabolite communication with immunity in gastric cancer remains unknown. Methods Bioinformatics analysis and IHC staining were used to reveal the expression of SLC2A3 in gastric cancer and the correlation with survival prognosis. Real-time PCR, western blots, OCR, ECAR, lactate production and glucose uptake assays were applied to determine the effect of SLC2A3 on glycolysis reprogramming. We then investigated the consequences of SLC2A3 upregulation or inhibition on aerobic glycolysis, also explored the underlying mechanism. Bioinformatics analysis and in vitro and in vivo research were used to reveal the role of SLC2A3 in macrophage infiltration and transition. Results Here, we show that SLC2A3 acts as a tumor promoter and accelerates aerobic glycolysis in GC cells. Mechanistically, the SLC2A3-STAT3-SLC2A3 feedback loop could promote phosphorylation of the STAT3 signaling pathway and downstream glycolytic targeting genes. Moreover, SLC2A3 potentially contributes to M2 subtype transition of macrophage infiltration in the GC microenvironment. Conclusions SLC2A3 could be used as a prognostic biomarker to determine prognosis and immune infiltration in GC and may provide an intervention strategy for GC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Zhanke He
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Caolitao Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 Guangdong China
| | - Xiangqian Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Lan Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 Guangdong China
| | - Guoxin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Jiaolong Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
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Gao X, Lu C, Chen C, Sun K, Liang Q, Shuai J, Wang X, Xu Y. ARPP-19 Mediates Herceptin Resistance via Regulation of CD44 in Gastric Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:6629-6643. [PMID: 32753897 PMCID: PMC7354958 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s253841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose As the first-line drug for treatment of HER2-positive metastatic gastric cancer (GC), Herceptin exhibits significant therapeutic efficacy. However, acquired resistance of Herceptin limits the therapeutic benefit of gastric cancer patients, in which the molecular mechanisms remain to be further determined. Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the mRNA levels of ARPP-19 and CD44 in GC cells. Protein levels were determined using Western blot and IHC staining. MTT and soft agar colony formation assays were used to measure cell proliferation. Xenograft model was established to verify the functional role of ARPP-19 in Herceptin resistance in vivo. Sphere formation assay was conducted to determine cell stemness. Results We observed ARPP-19 was up-regulated in Herceptin resistance gastric cancer cells NCI-N87-HR and MKN45-HR. The forced expression of ARPP-19 promoted, whereas the silencing of ARPP-19 impaired Herceptin resistance of HER2-positive gastric cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, ARPP-19 significantly enhanced the sphere formation capacity and CD44 expression, CD44 was also a positive factor of Herceptin resistance in HER2-positive gastric cancer cells. In addition, high level of ARPP-19 was positively associated with Herceptin resistance and poor survival rate of gastric cancer patients. Conclusion We have demonstrated that ARPP-19 promoted Herceptin resistance of gastric cancer via up-regulation of CD44, our study suggested that ARPP-19 could be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic candidate for HER2-positive gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Changwen Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qixin Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Shuai
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxing Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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Molecular Bases of Mechanisms Accounting for Drug Resistance in Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082116. [PMID: 32751679 PMCID: PMC7463778 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) is the most common histological type of gastric cancer, the fifth according to the frequency and the third among the deadliest cancers. GAC high mortality is due to a combination of factors, such as silent evolution, late clinical presentation, underlying genetic heterogeneity, and effective mechanisms of chemoresistance (MOCs) that make the available antitumor drugs scarcely useful. MOCs include reduced drug uptake (MOC-1a), enhanced drug efflux (MOC-1b), low proportion of active agents in tumor cells due to impaired pro-drug activation or active drug inactivation (MOC-2), changes in molecular targets sensitive to anticancer drugs (MOC-3), enhanced ability of cancer cells to repair drug-induced DNA damage (MOC-4), decreased function of pro-apoptotic factors versus up-regulation of anti-apoptotic genes (MOC-5), changes in tumor cell microenvironment altering the response to anticancer agents (MOC-6), and phenotypic transformations, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the appearance of stemness characteristics (MOC-7). This review summarizes updated information regarding the molecular bases accounting for these mechanisms and their impact on the lack of clinical response to the pharmacological treatment currently used in GAC. This knowledge is required to identify novel biomarkers to predict treatment failure and druggable targets, and to develop sensitizing strategies to overcome drug refractoriness in GAC.
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Azad T, Rezaei R, Surendran A, Singaravelu R, Boulton S, Dave J, Bell JC, Ilkow CS. Hippo Signaling Pathway as a Central Mediator of Receptors Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs) in Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082042. [PMID: 32722184 PMCID: PMC7463967 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway plays a critical role in tissue and organ growth under normal physiological conditions, and its dysregulation in malignant growth has made it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in the fight against cancer. To date, its complex signaling mechanisms have made it difficult to identify strong therapeutic candidates. Hippo signaling is largely carried out by two main activated signaling pathways involving receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)—the RTK/RAS/PI3K and the RTK-RAS-MAPK pathways. However, several RTKs have also been shown to regulate this pathway to engage downstream Hippo effectors and ultimately influence cell proliferation. In this text, we attempt to review the diverse RTK signaling pathways that influence Hippo signaling in the context of oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Azad
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Reza Rezaei
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Abera Surendran
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Ragunath Singaravelu
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Stephen Boulton
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jaahnavi Dave
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - John C. Bell
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Carolina S. Ilkow
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-613-737-8899 (ext. 75208)
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CAR-T Cell Therapy-An Overview of Targets in Gastric Cancer. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061894. [PMID: 32560392 PMCID: PMC7355670 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies and, unfortunately, still has a high mortality rate. Recent research points to CAR-T immunotherapy as a promising treatment for this disease. Using genetically engineered T cells designed to target a previously selected antigen, researchers are able to harness the natural anti-tumor activity of T cells. For therapy to be successful, however, it is essential to choose antigens that are present on tumor cells but not on healthy cells. In this review, we present an overview of the most important targets for CAR-T therapy in the context of GC, including their biologic function and therapeutic application. A number of clinical studies point to the following as important markers in GC: human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, carcinoembryonic antigen, mucin 1, epithelial cell adhesion molecule, claudin 18.2, mesothelin, natural-killer receptor group 2 member D, and folate receptor 1. Although these markers have been met with some success, the search for new and improved targets continues. Key among these novel biomarkers are the B7H6 ligand, actin-related protein 2/3 (ARP 2/3), neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), desmocollin 2 (DSC2), anion exchanger 1 (AF1), and cancer-related antigens CA-72-4 and CA-19-9.
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Frigault MM, Markovets A, Nuttall B, Kim KM, Park SH, Gangolli EA, Mortimer PGS, Hollingsworth SJ, Hong JY, Kim K, Kim ST, Barrett JC, Lee J. Mechanisms of Acquired Resistance to Savolitinib, a Selective MET Inhibitor in MET-Amplified Gastric Cancer. JCO Precis Oncol 2020; 4:1900386. [PMID: 32923890 PMCID: PMC7446425 DOI: 10.1200/po.19.00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Some gastric cancers harbor MET gene amplifications that can be targeted by selective MET inhibitors to achieve tumor responses, but resistance eventually develops. Savolitinib, a selective MET inhibitor, is beneficial for treating patients with MET-driven gastric cancer. Understanding the resistance mechanisms is important for optimizing postfailure treatment options. PATIENTS AND METHODS Here, we identified the mechanisms of acquired resistance to savolitinib in 3 patients with gastric cancer and MET-amplified tumors who showed a clinical response and then cancer progression. Longitudinal circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is useful for monitoring resistance during treatment and progression when rebiopsy cannot be performed. RESULTS Using a next-generation sequencing 100-gene panel, we identified the target mechanisms of resistance MET D1228V/N/H and Y1230C mutations or high copy number MET gene amplifications that emerge when resistance to savolitinib develops in patients with MET-amplified gastric cancer. CONCLUSION We demonstrated the utility of ctDNA in gastric cancer and confirmed this approach using baseline tumor tissue or rebiopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kyoung-Mee Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Hoon Park
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Jung Yong Hong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Tae Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jeeyun Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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CD73 promotes tumor metastasis by modulating RICS/RhoA signaling and EMT in gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:202. [PMID: 32205841 PMCID: PMC7089986 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2403-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment plays vital roles in shaping cancer diversity, and CD73 (ecto-5′-nucleotidase; NT5E) is an emerging immune checkpoint in modulating cancer progression via conversion of immunostimulatory ATP into immunosuppressive adenosine. However, how the CD73 is regulated and how it functions in the progression of cancer are largely unknown. Here, we showed that CD73 was overexpressed and correlated with poor prognosis of gastric cancer. CD73 links adenosinergic signaling in microenvironment switching to induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition phenotype in gastric cancer during metastasis. Further pathway and gene set enrichment analysis of transcriptome data revealed the modulation role of CD73 in RICS/RhoA signaling by its extracellular function in adenosinergic pathway, which subsequently inhibited phosphorylation of LIMK/cofilin and promoted β-catenin activation. Pharmacological inhibition of CD73 adenosinergic signaling was found to induce RICS dysfunction. Dissemination and hematogenous metastasis model showed that targeting CD73 in gastric cancer could suppress experimental metastasis. To conclude, it substantiates CD73 as a target for treatment of gastric cancer metastasis and verifies RICS as an intracellular functional molecule linking CD73/adenosinergic signaling switching to RhoA/LIMK/cofilin pathway.
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Jia X, Wang H, Li Z, Yan J, Guo Y, Zhao W, Gao L, Wang B, Jia Y. HER4 promotes the progression of colorectal cancer by promoting epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:1779-1788. [PMID: 32319604 PMCID: PMC7057779 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most common cancer types worldwide. A few previous studies have examined whether HER4 may promote the progression of CRC. The present study examined the associations among the expression levels of members of the HER family, and investigated the potential mechanism underlying the function of HER4 in CRC cells. Immunohistochemistry analysis was conducted to detect the expression levels of HER family members in patients with CRC. HER4 expression was knocked down using short hairpin RNA in HCT116 cells, and confirmed by quantitative PCR and western blotting. The proliferation and adhesion of CRC cells were analyzed by CCK-8 assays and adhesive assays, respectively. Flow cytometry was used to measure cell apoptosis. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining in CRC cells were performed to identify proteins related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The proportion of patients with CRC presenting positive expression of the HER family members epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HER2, HER3 and HER4 were 72.1, 45.2, 43.8 and 34.2%, respectively. No relationship was found between HER4 and EGFR, HER2 or HER3 expression. Higher expression of HER4 was positively associated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.039). In the present study, HER4 expression was found to be associated with an unfavorable clinical outcome in patients with CRC (Plogrank=0.020). Cell proliferation was inhibited, and apoptosis was increased following HER4 knockdown. Furthermore, HER4 knockdown increased the expression of E-cadherin and decreased the expressions of N-cadherin and vimentin (P<0.05). HER4 expression was found to be unrelated to other HER family members. In the present study, positive expression of HER4 promoted the progression of CRC through epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Jia
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Huien Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Zhongxin Li
- Second Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Yan Guo
- Fifth Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Wujie Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Gao
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Yitao Jia
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
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Deng G, Mou T, He J, Chen D, Lv D, Liu H, Yu J, Wang S, Li G. Circular RNA circRHOBTB3 acts as a sponge for miR-654-3p inhibiting gastric cancer growth. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:1. [PMID: 31928527 PMCID: PMC6956561 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1487-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently emerged as a new family of noncoding RNAs that are involved in the causation and progression of various cancers. However, the roles of circRNAs in the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer (GC) are still largely unknown. Methods The expression profiles of circRNAs in GC were identified in open GEO database and were evaluated at the mRNA level in clinical GC samples compared with paired non-tumorous tissues. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze the correlation of circRNA and patients’ prognosis. Subsequently, the circular structures of candidate circRNAs were validated by Sanger sequencing, divergent primer PCR, and RNase R treatments. Gain- and loss-of-function analyses were performed to evaluate the functional significance of it in GC initiation and progression. Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays were used to identify the microRNA (miRNA) sponge mechanism of circRNAs. Results The expression of circRHOBTB3 was lower in GC tissues and cell lines. Downregulation of circRHOBTB3 was significantly correlated with poor differentiation and unfavorable prognosis in patients with GC. Overexpression of circRHOBTB3 in GC cells led to decreased proliferation and induced G1/S arrest in vitro, accompanied with inhibited xenograft tumor growth in vivo, while the opposite effects were achieved in circRHOBTB3-silenced cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that circRHOBTB3 acts as a sponge for miR-654-3p and verified that p21 is a novel target of miR-654-3p. Conclusion Taken together, this study revealed that circRHOBTB3 might function as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-654-3p, which could contribute to growth inhibition of GC through activating p21 signaling pathway. Our data suggested that circRHOBTB3 would serve as a novel promising diagnosis marker and therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxu Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Tingyu Mou
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiayong He
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Da Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Daojun Lv
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Guoxin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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