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Natsume M, Niwa M, Ichikawa S, Okamoto T, Tsutsui H, Usukura D, Murata T, Abe R, Shimonaka M, Nishida T, Shiina I, Obata Y. Brefeldin A and M-COPA block the export of RTKs from the endoplasmic reticulum via simultaneous inactivation of ARF1, ARF4, and ARF5. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107327. [PMID: 38679330 PMCID: PMC11127164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Normal receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) need to reach the plasma membrane (PM) for ligand-induced activation, whereas its cancer-causing mutants can be activated before reaching the PM in organelles, such as the Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN). Inhibitors of protein export from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), such as brefeldin A (BFA) and 2-methylcoprophilinamide (M-COPA), can suppress the activation of mutant RTKs in cancer cells, suggesting that RTK mutants cannot initiate signaling in the ER. BFA and M-COPA block the function of ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) that play a crucial role in ER-Golgi protein trafficking. However, among ARF family proteins, the specific ARFs inhibited by BFA or M-COPA, that is, the ARFs involved in RTKs transport from the ER, remain unclear. In this study, we showed that M-COPA blocked the export of not only KIT but also PDGFRA/EGFR/MET RTKs from the ER. ER-retained RTKs could not fully transduce anti-apoptotic signals, thereby leading to cancer cell apoptosis. Moreover, a single knockdown of ARF1, ARF3, ARF4, ARF5, or ARF6 could not block ER export of RTKs, indicating that BFA/M-COPA treatment cannot be mimicked by the knockdown of only one ARF member. Interestingly, simultaneous transfection of ARF1, ARF4, and ARF5 siRNAs mirrored the effect of BFA/M-COPA treatment. Consistent with these results, in vitro pulldown assays showed that BFA/M-COPA blocked the function of ARF1, ARF4, and ARF5. Taken together, these results suggest that BFA/M-COPA targets at least ARF1, ARF4, and ARF5; in other words, RTKs require the simultaneous activation of ARF1, ARF4, and ARF5 for their ER export.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Natsume
- Laboratory of Intracellular Traffic & Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Faculty of Science, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Niwa
- Laboratory of Intracellular Traffic & Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Ichikawa
- Laboratory of Intracellular Traffic & Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Faculty of Science, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Okamoto
- Laboratory of Intracellular Traffic & Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Faculty of Science, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisazumi Tsutsui
- Faculty of Science, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Usukura
- Faculty of Science, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Murata
- Faculty of Science, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Abe
- Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Shimonaka
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshirou Nishida
- National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory of Nuclear Transport Dynamics, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Isamu Shiina
- Faculty of Science, Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuuki Obata
- Laboratory of Intracellular Traffic & Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Zeng H, Wang W, Zhang L, Lin Z. HER3-targeted therapy: the mechanism of drug resistance and the development of anticancer drugs. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2024; 7:14. [PMID: 38835349 PMCID: PMC11149107 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2024.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3), which is part of the HER family, is aberrantly expressed in various human cancers. Since HER3 only has weak tyrosine kinase activity, when HER3 ligand neuregulin 1 (NRG1) or neuregulin 2 (NRG2) appears, activated HER3 contributes to cancer development and drug resistance by forming heterodimers with other receptors, mainly including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Inhibition of HER3 and its downstream signaling, including PI3K/AKT, MEK/MAPK, JAK/STAT, and Src kinase, is believed to be necessary to conquer drug resistance and improve treatment efficiency. Until now, despite multiple anti-HER3 antibodies undergoing preclinical and clinical studies, none of the HER3-targeted therapies are licensed for utilization in clinical cancer treatment because of their safety and efficacy. Therefore, the development of HER3-targeted drugs possessing safety, tolerability, and sensitivity is crucial for clinical cancer treatment. This review summarizes the progress of the mechanism of HER3 in drug resistance, the HER3-targeted therapies that are conducted in preclinical and clinical trials, and some emerging molecules that could be used as future designed drugs for HER3, aiming to provide insights for future research and development of anticancer drugs targeting HER3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilan Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cancer Center, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing 402260, China
| | - Zhenghong Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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Obata Y, Kurokawa K, Tojima T, Natsume M, Shiina I, Takahashi T, Abe R, Nakano A, Nishida T. Golgi retention and oncogenic KIT signaling via PLCγ2-PKD2-PI4KIIIβ activation in gastrointestinal stromal tumor cells. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113035. [PMID: 37616163 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) develop due to gain-of-function mutations in the tyrosine kinase gene, KIT. We recently showed that mutant KIT mislocalizes to the Golgi area and initiates uncontrolled signaling. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its Golgi retention remain unknown. Here, we show that protein kinase D2 (PKD2) is activated by the mutant, which causes Golgi retention of KIT. In PKD2-inhibited cells, KIT migrates from the Golgi region to lysosomes and subsequently undergoes degradation. Importantly, delocalized KIT cannot trigger downstream activation. In the Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN), KIT activates the PKD2-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIIβ (PKD2-PI4KIIIβ) pathway through phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2) to generate a PI4P-rich membrane domain, where the AP1-GGA1 complex is aberrantly recruited. Disruption of any factors in this cascade results in the release of KIT from the Golgi/TGN. Our findings show the molecular mechanisms underlying KIT mislocalization and provide evidence for a strategy for inhibition of oncogenic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Obata
- Laboratory of Intracellular Traffic & Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Kurokawa
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takuro Tojima
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Miyuki Natsume
- Laboratory of Intracellular Traffic & Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Isamu Shiina
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryo Abe
- Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Akihiko Nakano
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Toshirou Nishida
- National Cancer Center Hospital, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; Laboratory of Nuclear Transport Dynamics, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
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Lyu H, Shen F, Ruan S, Tan C, Zhou J, Thor AD, Liu B. HER3 functions as an effective therapeutic target in triple negative breast cancer to potentiate the antitumor activity of gefitinib and paclitaxel. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:204. [PMID: 37716943 PMCID: PMC10504712 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03055-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a significant clinical challenge. Chemotherapy remains the mainstay for a large part of TNBC patients, whereas drug resistance and tumor recurrence frequently occur. It is in urgent need to identify novel molecular targets for TNBC and develop effective therapy against the aggressive disease. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine the expression of HER3 in TNBC samples. Western blots were used to assess protein expression and activation. Cell proliferation and viability were determined by cell growth (MTS) assays. TCGA databases were analyzed to correlate HER3 mRNA expression with the clinical outcomes of TNBC patients. Specific shRNA was used to knockdown HER3 expression. IncuCyte system was utilized to monitor cell growth and migration. LIVE/DEAD Cell Imaging was to detect live and dead cells. HER3 recognition by our anti-HER3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) 4A7 was verified by ELISA, flow cytometry, and co-immunoprecipitation assays. Orthotopic tumor models were established in nude mice to determine the capability of TNBC cells forming tumors and to test if our mAb 4A7 could potentiate the antitumor activity of paclitaxel in vivo. RESULTS Elevated expression of HER3 was observed in approximately half of the TNBC specimens and cell lines tested. Analyses of TCGA databases found that the TNBC patients with high HER3 mRNA expression in the tumors showed significantly worse overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) than those with low HER3 expression. Specific knockdown of HER3 markedly inhibited TNBC cell proliferation and mammosphere formation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Our mAb 4A7 abrogated heregulin (a ligand for HER3), but not SDF-1 (a ligand for CXCR4)-induced enhancement of TNBC cell migration. Combinations of 4A7 and the EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) gefitinib dramatically decreased the levels of phosphorylated HER3, EGFR, Akt, and ERK1/2 in TNBC cells and potently induced growth inhibition and cell death. Moreover, 4A7 in combination with paclitaxel exerted significant antitumor activity against TNBC in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that increased HER3 is an effective therapeutic target for TNBC and our anti-HER3 mAb (4A7) may enhance the efficacy of gefitinib or paclitaxel in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lyu
- Departments of Interdisciplinary Oncology and Genetics, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center, 1700 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Fei Shen
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sanbao Ruan
- Departments of Interdisciplinary Oncology and Genetics, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center, 1700 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Congcong Tan
- Departments of Interdisciplinary Oncology and Genetics, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center, 1700 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Jundong Zhou
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ann D Thor
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Bolin Liu
- Departments of Interdisciplinary Oncology and Genetics, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center, 1700 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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Albers J, Friese-Hamim M, Clark A, Schadt O, Walter-Bausch G, Stroh C, Johne A, Karachaliou N, Blaukat A. The Preclinical Pharmacology of Tepotinib-A Highly Selective MET Inhibitor with Activity in Tumors Harboring MET Alterations. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:833-843. [PMID: 36999986 PMCID: PMC10320478 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-22-0537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) proto-oncogene encodes the MET receptor tyrosine kinase. MET aberrations drive tumorigenesis in several cancer types through a variety of molecular mechanisms, including MET mutations, gene amplification, rearrangement, and overexpression. Therefore, MET is a therapeutic target and the selective type Ib MET inhibitor, tepotinib, was designed to potently inhibit MET kinase activity. In vitro, tepotinib inhibits MET in a concentration-dependent manner irrespective of the mode of MET activation, and in vivo, tepotinib exhibits marked, dose-dependent antitumor activity in MET-dependent tumor models of various cancer indications. Tepotinib penetrates the blood-brain barrier and demonstrates strong antitumor activity in subcutaneous and orthotopic brain metastasis models, in-line with clinical activity observed in patients. MET amplification is an established mechanism of resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), and preclinical studies show that tepotinib in combination with EGFR TKIs can overcome this resistance. Tepotinib is currently approved for the treatment of adult patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer harboring MET exon 14 skipping alterations. This review focuses on the pharmacology of tepotinib in preclinical cancer models harboring MET alterations and demonstrates that strong adherence to the principles of the Pharmacological Audit Trail may result in a successful discovery and development of a precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Albers
- Research Unit Oncology, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Manja Friese-Hamim
- Corporate Animal Using Vendor and Vivarium Governance (SQ-AV), Corporate Sustainability, Quality, Trade Compliance (SQ), Animal Affairs (SQ-A), the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Anderson Clark
- Research Unit Oncology, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts
| | - Oliver Schadt
- Global Medicinal Chemistry, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gina Walter-Bausch
- Research Unit Oncology, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christopher Stroh
- Clinical Biomarkers and Companion Diagnostics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Andreas Johne
- Global Clinical Development Unit, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Niki Karachaliou
- Global Clinical Development Unit, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Andree Blaukat
- Research Unit Oncology, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
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6
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Gao S, Li N, Zhang X, Chen J, Ko BC, Zhao Y. An autophagy-inducing stapled peptide promotes c-MET degradation and overrides adaptive resistance to sorafenib in c-MET + hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 33:101412. [PMID: 36578529 PMCID: PMC9791588 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 90% of primary liver cancer cases and ranks as the second leading cause of cancer related death. Multiple receptor tyrosine kinases such as EGFR, FGFR and c-MET have been shown to drive tumorigenesis and progression of HCC. However, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that target these kinases, including the FDA-approved sorafenib, only offer limited clinical success. Resistance to sorafenib and other TKIs also readily emerge in HCC patients, further limiting the usage of these drugs. Novel therapeutic strategies are needed to address the urgent unmet medical need for HCC patients. Results Autophagy is an evolutionally conserved lysosome-dependent degradation process that is also functionally implicated in HCC. We previously developed an autophagy-inducing stapled peptide (Tat-SP4) that induced autophagy and endolysosomal degradation of EGFR in lung cancer and breast cancer cells. Here we present data to show that Tat-SP4 also induced significant autophagic response in multiple HCC cell lines and promoted the endolysosomal degradation of c-MET to attenuate its downstream signaling activities although it didn't affect the intrinsically fast turnover of EGFR. Tat-SP4 also overrode adaptive resistance to sorafenib in c-MET+ HCC cells but employed the distinct mechanism of inducing non-apoptotic cell death. Conclusion With its distinct mechanism of promoting autophagy and endolysosomal degradation of c-MET, Tat-SP4 may serve as a novel therapeutic agent that complement and synergize with sorafenib to enhance its clinical efficacy in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, PR China
| | - Na Li
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, PR China
| | - Xiaozhe Zhang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, PR China
| | - Jingyi Chen
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, PR China
| | - Ben C.B. Ko
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, PR China
| | - Yanxiang Zhao
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, PR China,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, PR China,Corresponding author. Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, PR China.
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7
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Kilroy MK, Park S, Feroz W, Patel H, Mishra R, Alanazi S, Garrett JT. HER3 Alterations in Cancer and Potential Clinical Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246174. [PMID: 36551663 PMCID: PMC9776947 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the third member of the HER family, kinase impaired HER3, has become a target of interest in cancer as there is accumulating evidence that HER3 plays a role in tumor growth and progression. This review focuses on HER3 activation in bladder, breast, colorectal, and lung cancer disease progression. HER3 mutations occur at a rate up to ~10% of tumors dependent on the tumor type. With patient tumors routinely sequenced for gene alterations in recent years, we have focused on HER3 mutations in bladder, breast, colon, and lung cancers particularly in response to targeted therapies and the potential to become a resistance mechanism. There are currently several HER3 targeting drugs in the pipeline, possibly improving outcomes for cancer patients with tumors containing HER3 activation and/or alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Kate Kilroy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - SoYoung Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Cancer Research Scholars Program, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Wasim Feroz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Hima Patel
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rosalin Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Samar Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Joan T. Garrett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Correspondence:
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Altintas DM, Gallo S, Basilico C, Cerqua M, Bocedi A, Vitacolonna A, Botti O, Casanova E, Rancati I, Milanese C, Notari S, Gambardella G, Ricci G, Mastroberardino PG, Boccaccio C, Crepaldi T, Comoglio PM. The PSI Domain of the MET Oncogene Encodes a Functional Disulfide Isomerase Essential for the Maturation of the Receptor Precursor. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012427. [PMID: 36293286 PMCID: PMC9604360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The tyrosine kinase receptor encoded by the MET oncogene has been extensively studied. Surprisingly, one extracellular domain, PSI, evolutionary conserved between plexins, semaphorins, and integrins, has no established function. The MET PSI sequence contains two CXXC motifs, usually found in protein disulfide isomerases (PDI). Using a scrambled oxidized RNAse enzymatic activity assay in vitro, we show, for the first time, that the MET extracellular domain displays disulfide isomerase activity, abolished by PSI domain antibodies. PSI domain deletion or mutations of CXXC sites to AXXA or SXXS result in a significant impairment of the cleavage of the MET 175 kDa precursor protein, abolishing the maturation of α and β chains, of, respectively, 50 kDa and 145 kDa, disulfide-linked. The uncleaved precursor is stuck in the Golgi apparatus and, interestingly, is constitutively phosphorylated. However, no signal transduction is observed as measured by AKT and MAPK phosphorylation. Consequently, biological responses to the MET ligand—hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)—such as growth and epithelial to mesenchymal transition, are hampered. These data show that the MET PSI domain is functional and is required for the maturation, surface expression, and biological functions of the MET oncogenic protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dogus Murat Altintas
- IFOM, FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.M.A.); (P.M.C.)
| | - Simona Gallo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | | | - Marina Cerqua
- IFOM, FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessio Bocedi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Annapia Vitacolonna
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Orsola Botti
- IFOM, FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Casanova
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Ilaria Rancati
- IFOM, FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Milanese
- IFOM, FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Notari
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Gambardella
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ricci
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Pier Giorgio Mastroberardino
- IFOM, FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Carla Boccaccio
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Tiziana Crepaldi
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Paolo Maria Comoglio
- IFOM, FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.M.A.); (P.M.C.)
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9
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Gao F, Li C, Danopoulos S, Al Alam D, Peinado N, Webster S, Borok Z, Kohbodi GA, Bellusci S, Minoo P. Hedgehog-responsive PDGFRa(+) fibroblasts maintain a unique pool of alveolar epithelial progenitor cells during alveologenesis. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110608. [PMID: 35385750 PMCID: PMC9199394 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The lung alveolus is lined with alveolar type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) epithelial cells. During alveologenesis, increasing demand associated with expanding alveolar numbers is met by proliferating progenitor AT2s (pAT2). Little information exists regarding the identity of this population and their niche microenvironment. We show that during alveologenesis, Hedgehog-responsive PDGFRa(+) progenitors (also known as SCMFs) are a source of secreted trophic molecules that maintain a unique pAT2 population. SCMFs are in turn maintained by TGFβ signaling. Compound inactivation of Alk5 TβR2 in SCMFs reduced their numbers and depleted the pAT2 pool without impacting differentiation of daughter cells. In lungs of preterm infants who died with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, PDGFRa is reduced and the number of proliferative AT2s is diminished, indicating that an evolutionarily conserved mechanism governs pAT2 behavior during alveologenesis. SCMFs are a transient cell population, active only during alveologenesis, making them a unique stage-specific niche mesodermal cell type in mammalian organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center and Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Changgong Li
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center and Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Soula Danopoulos
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Denise Al Alam
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Neil Peinado
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center and Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Sha Webster
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center and Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Zea Borok
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - GoleNaz Adeli Kohbodi
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center and Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center and Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Parviz Minoo
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center and Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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10
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Tan L, Zhang J, Wang Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Shuai W, Wang G, Chen J, Wang C, Ouyang L, Li W. Development of Dual Inhibitors Targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2022; 65:5149-5183. [PMID: 35311289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is of great significance in mediating cell signaling transduction and tumor behaviors. Currently, third-generation inhibitors of EGFR, especially osimertinib, are at the clinical frontier for the treatment of EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Regrettably, the rapidly developing drug resistance caused by EGFR mutations and the compensatory mechanism have largely limited their clinical efficacy. Given the synergistic effect between EGFR and other compensatory targets during tumorigenesis and tumor development, EGFR dual-target inhibitors are promising for their reduced risk of drug resistance, higher efficacy, lower dosage, and fewer adverse events than those of single-target inhibitors. Hence, we present the synergistic mechanism underlying the role of EGFR dual-target inhibitors against drug resistance, their structure-activity relationships, and their therapeutic potential. Most importantly, we emphasize the optimal target combinations and design strategies for EGFR dual-target inhibitors and provide some perspectives on new challenges and future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Xiye Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Zhixiong Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Shuai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Juncheng Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Chengdi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Ouyang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
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11
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Met–HER3 crosstalk supports proliferation via MPZL3 in MET-amplified cancer cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:178. [PMID: 35249128 PMCID: PMC8898245 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04149-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractReceptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are recognized as targets of precision medicine in human cancer upon their gene amplification or constitutive activation, resulting in increased downstream signal complexity including heterotypic crosstalk with other RTKs. The Met RTK exhibits such reciprocal crosstalk with several members of the human EGFR (HER) family of RTKs when amplified in cancer cells. We show that Met signaling converges on HER3–tyrosine phosphorylation across a panel of seven MET-amplified cancer cell lines and that HER3 is required for cancer cell expansion and oncogenic capacity in vitro and in vivo. Gene expression analysis of HER3-depleted cells identified MPZL3, encoding a single-pass transmembrane protein, as HER3-dependent effector in multiple MET-amplified cancer cell lines. MPZL3 interacts with HER3 and MPZL3 loss phenocopies HER3 loss in MET-amplified cells, while MPZL3 overexpression can partially rescue proliferation upon HER3 depletion. Together, these data support an oncogenic role for a HER3–MPZL3 axis in MET-amplified cancers.
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12
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Zhu Y, Zhang H, Han X, Wang Z, Cui Y, Tian R, Wang Z, Han B, Tian J, Zhang F, Niu R. STAT3 mediated upregulation of C-MET signaling acts as a compensatory survival mechanism upon EGFR family inhibition in chemoresistant breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2021; 519:328-342. [PMID: 34348188 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy remains the most common treatment for all types of breast cancer. Chemoresistance in tumors is still a major obstacle for treating late-stage breast cancer. In the process of acquiring resistance, tumor cells dynamically evolve to adapt to the challenge of anti-cancer drugs. Besides the upregulation of drug-pumps, signal pathways related to proliferation and survival undergo adaptive evolution. Thus, these drug-resistant cells are more conducive to proliferation, even in stressful conditions. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanism that drives cancer cells to sustain their proliferation ability is unclear. Herein, we reported that the upregulated C-MET signaling acts as a compensatory mechanism that sustains the proliferation of chemoresistant cells in which EGFR family signaling was attenuated. Both C-MET and EGFR family are essential for cell proliferation due to their activation of the STAT3 signaling. Different from other cell models in which C-MET interacts with and phosphorylates EGFR family members, our cell model showed no direct interaction between C-MET and EGFR family members. Therefore, C-MET and EGFR family signaling pathways function independently to sustain the proliferation of resistant cells. Moreover, chemoresistant cells have evolved a novel, STAT3-C-MET feed-forward loop that plays a vital role in sustaining cell proliferation. The activated STAT3 interacts with the MET gene promoter to upregulate its transcription. Most importantly, the combined inhibition of C-MET and EGFR family synergistically inhibits the proliferation of drug-resistant cells in vitro and in xenograft tumor models. This work provides a new strategy for treating drug-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Zhu
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - He Zhang
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xingxing Han
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yanfen Cui
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Ran Tian
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhaosong Wang
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Baoai Han
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jianfei Tian
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Ruifang Niu
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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13
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Wang Z, Goto Y, Allevato MM, Wu VH, Saddawi-Konefka R, Gilardi M, Alvarado D, Yung BS, O'Farrell A, Molinolo AA, Duvvuri U, Grandis JR, Califano JA, Cohen EEW, Gutkind JS. Disruption of the HER3-PI3K-mTOR oncogenic signaling axis and PD-1 blockade as a multimodal precision immunotherapy in head and neck cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2383. [PMID: 33888713 PMCID: PMC8062674 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22619-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has revolutionized head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment, but <20% of patients achieve durable responses. Persistent activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling circuitry represents a key oncogenic driver in HNSCC; however, the potential immunosuppressive effects of PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors may limit the benefit of their combination with ICB. Here we employ an unbiased kinome-wide siRNA screen to reveal that HER3, is essential for the proliferation of most HNSCC cells that do not harbor PIK3CA mutations. Indeed, we find that persistent tyrosine phosphorylation of HER3 and PI3K recruitment underlies aberrant PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in PIK3CA wild type HNSCCs. Remarkably, antibody-mediated HER3 blockade exerts a potent anti-tumor effect by suppressing HER3-PI3K-AKT-mTOR oncogenic signaling and concomitantly reversing the immune suppressive tumor microenvironment. Ultimately, we show that HER3 inhibition and PD-1 blockade may provide a multimodal precision immunotherapeutic approach for PIK3CA wild type HNSCC, aimed at achieving durable cancer remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Wang
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yusuke Goto
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael M Allevato
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Victoria H Wu
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert Saddawi-Konefka
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UC San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Mara Gilardi
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Bryan S Yung
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Aoife O'Farrell
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alfredo A Molinolo
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Umamaheswar Duvvuri
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer R Grandis
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joseph A Califano
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UC San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ezra E W Cohen
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Silvio Gutkind
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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14
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State of the structure address on MET receptor activation by HGF. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:645-661. [PMID: 33860789 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The MET receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and its cognate ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) comprise a signaling axis essential for development, wound healing and tissue homeostasis. Aberrant HGF/MET signaling is a driver of many cancers and contributes to drug resistance to several approved therapeutics targeting other RTKs, making MET itself an important drug target. In RTKs, homeostatic receptor signaling is dependent on autoinhibition in the absence of ligand binding and orchestrated set of conformational changes induced by ligand-mediated receptor dimerization that result in activation of the intracellular kinase domains. A fundamental understanding of these mechanisms in the MET receptor remains incomplete, despite decades of research. This is due in part to the complex structure of the HGF ligand, which remains unknown in its full-length form, and a lack of high-resolution structures of the complete MET extracellular portion in an apo or ligand-bound state. A current view of HGF-dependent MET activation has evolved from biochemical and structural studies of HGF and MET fragments and here we review what these findings have thus far revealed.
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15
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Moosavi F, Giovannetti E, Peters GJ, Firuzi O. Combination of HGF/MET-targeting agents and other therapeutic strategies in cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 160:103234. [PMID: 33497758 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MET receptor has emerged as a druggable target across several human cancers. Agents targeting MET and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) including small molecules such as crizotinib, tivantinib and cabozantinib or antibodies including rilotumumab and onartuzumab have proven their values in different tumors. Recently, capmatinib was approved for treatment of metastatic lung cancer with MET exon 14 skipping. In this review, we critically examine the current evidence on how HGF/MET combination therapies may take advantage of synergistic effects, overcome primary or acquired drug resistance, target tumor microenvironment, modulate drug metabolism or tackle pharmacokinetic issues. Preclinical and clinical studies on the combination of HGF/MET-targeted agents with conventional chemotherapeutics or molecularly targeted treatments (including EGFR, VEGFR, HER2, RAF/MEK, and PI3K/Akt targeting agents) and also the value of biomarkers are examined. Our deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying successful pharmacological combinations is crucial to find the best personalized treatment regimens for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Moosavi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start Up Unit, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, Pisa, Italy
| | - Godefridus J Peters
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Omidreza Firuzi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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16
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Xu B, Muramatsu T, Inazawa J. Suppression of MET Signaling Mediated by Pitavastatin and Capmatinib Inhibits Oral and Esophageal Cancer Cell Growth. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:585-597. [PMID: 33443139 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite increasing knowledge on oral and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC and ESCC), specific medicines against both have not yet been developed. Here, we aimed to find novel anticancer drugs through functional cell-based screening of an FDA-approved drug library against OSCC and ESCC. Pitavastatin, an HMGCR inhibitor, emerged as an anticancer drug that inhibits tumor growth by downregulating AKT and ERK signals in OSCC and ESCC cells. One of the mechanisms by which pitavastatin inhibits cell growth might be the suppression of MET signaling through immature MET due to dysfunction of the Golgi apparatus. Moreover, the sensitivity of tumor growth to pitavastatin might be correlated with GGPS1 expression levels. In vivo therapeutic models revealed that the combination of pitavastatin with capmatinib, a MET-specific inhibitor, dramatically reduced tumor growth. Our findings suggest that GGPS1 expression could be a biomarker in cancer therapy with pitavastatin, and the combination of pitavastatin with capmatinib might be a promising therapeutic strategy in OSCC and ESCC. IMPLICATIONS: This study provides new insight into the mechanism of pitavastatin as an anticancer drug and suggests that the combination of pitavastatin with capmatinib is a useful therapeutic strategy in OSCC and ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Muramatsu
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan. .,Laboratory for Integrated Research Projects on Intractable Diseases, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Johji Inazawa
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan. .,Bioresource Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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17
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c-MET immunohistochemistry for differentiating malignant mesothelioma from benign mesothelial proliferations. Hum Pathol 2020; 105:31-36. [PMID: 32916162 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2020.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The separation of benign from malignant mesothelial proliferations can be a difficult problem for the surgical pathologist. c-MET is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is overexpressed and detectable by immunohistochemistry in many malignancies, including malignant mesothelioma. Whether c-MET is also expressed in benign mesothelial reactions is unclear from the literature. To determine whether c-MET immunohistochemistry can separate benign from malignant mesothelial processes, we stained 2 tissue microarrays containing 33 reactive epithelioid mesothelial proliferations (E-RMPs), 23 reactive spindle cell mesothelial proliferations, 45 epithelioid malignant mesotheliomas (EMMs), and 26 sarcomatoid/desmoplastic mesotheliomas (SMMs) for c-MET and compared the results with immunohistochemistry for two established markers, BAP1 and methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP). Membrane staining for c-MET was evaluated using a 12-point H-score classified as negative (score = 0), trace (score = 1-3), moderate (score = 4-6), and strong (score = 8-12). Staining was seen in only 3 of 33 (all trace) E-RMPs compared with 36 of 45 (80%) EMMs (chi-square comparing reactive and malignant = 39.80, p = 1.2 × 10-8). The H-score was >3 (moderate or strong) in 24 of 45 (53%) EMMs. Addition of BAP1 staining to the c-MET-negative/trace EMM increased sensitivity to 75% (32/42), whereas similar addition of MTAP staining increased sensitivity to 77% (33/43). No benign spindle cell proliferations showed staining compared with 10 of 26 (38%) positive SMMs, but only 4 (15%) SMMs were classified as moderate or strong. We conclude that moderate/strong c-MET staining can be used to support a diagnosis of EMM vs an epithelial reactive proliferation. c-MET is too insensitive to use for detecting SMM.
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18
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Zhu C, Shi H, Wu M, Wei X. A dual MET/AXL small-molecule inhibitor exerts efficacy against gastric carcinoma through killing cancer cells as well as modulating tumor microenvironment. MedComm (Beijing) 2020; 1:103-118. [PMID: 34766112 PMCID: PMC8489669 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinases MET and AXL have been implicated in tumorigenesis and aggressiveness of multiple malignancies. We performed this study to evaluate the antitumor impact of LY2801653, a dual MET and AXL inhibitor on gastric cancer and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. In the present study, tissue microarrays containing gastric cancer tissues were stained with MET and AXL antibodies, which showed the prognostic values of MET and AXL. Administration of LY2801653 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, induced apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. Xenograft mouse models showed suppressed cell proliferation of tumors in high MET and AXL expression cells. LY2801653 also inhibited the growth of MET and AXL‐independent cells at higher but clinically relevant doses through decreased angiogenesis and M2 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. In conclusion, our study provides evidence for MET and AXL as prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in gastric cancer. The dual MET/AXL inhibitor LY2801653 represents a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of patients with gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjing Zhu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China.,Department of Radiation Oncology Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Huashan Shi
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Medicine and Health Sciences University of North Dakota Grand Forks North Dakota USA
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
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19
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Kumar R, George B, Campbell MR, Verma N, Paul AM, Melo-Alvim C, Ribeiro L, Pillai MR, da Costa LM, Moasser MM. HER family in cancer progression: From discovery to 2020 and beyond. Adv Cancer Res 2020; 147:109-160. [PMID: 32593399 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are among the first layer of molecules that receive, interpret, and transduce signals leading to distinct cancer cell phenotypes. Since the discovery of the tooth-lid factor-later characterized as the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-and its high-affinity binding EGF receptor, HER kinases have emerged as one of the commonly upregulated or hyperactivated or mutated kinases in epithelial tumors, thus allowing HER1-3 family members to regulate several hallmarks of cancer development and progression. Each member of the HER family exhibits shared and unique structural features to engage multiple receptor activation modes, leading to a range of overlapping and distinct phenotypes. EGFR, the founding HER family member, provided the roadmap for the development of the cell surface RTK-directed targeted cancer therapy by serving as a prototype/precursor for the currently used HER-directed cancer drugs. We herein provide a brief account of the discoveries, defining moments, and historical context of the HER family and guidepost advances in basic, translational, and clinical research that solidified a prominent position of the HER family in cancer research and treatment. We also discuss the significance of HER3 pseudokinase in cancer biology; its unique structural features that drive transregulation among HER1-3, leading to a superior proximal signaling response; and potential role of HER3 as a shared effector of acquired therapeutic resistance against diverse oncology drugs. Finally, we also narrate some of the current drawbacks of HER-directed therapies and provide insights into postulated advances in HER biology with extensive implications of these therapies in cancer research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States; Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
| | - Bijesh George
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Marcia R Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Nandini Verma
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Mumbai, India
| | - Aswathy Mary Paul
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Cecília Melo-Alvim
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Leonor Ribeiro
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Radhakrishna Pillai
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Luis Marques da Costa
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mark M Moasser
- Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
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20
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Wu YL, Cheng Y, Zhou J, Lu S, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Kim DW, Soo RA, Kim SW, Pan H, Chen YM, Chian CF, Liu X, Tan DSW, Bruns R, Straub J, Johne A, Scheele J, Park K, Yang JCH. Tepotinib plus gefitinib in patients with EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer with MET overexpression or MET amplification and acquired resistance to previous EGFR inhibitor (INSIGHT study): an open-label, phase 1b/2, multicentre, randomised trial. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2020; 8:1132-1143. [PMID: 32479794 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30154-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the efficacy and safety of tepotinib, a potent and highly selective oral MET inhibitor, plus gefitinib in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with MET overexpression (immunohistochemistry [IHC]2+ or IHC3+) or MET amplification having acquired resistance to EGFR inhibition. METHODS In this open-label, phase 1b/2, multicentre, randomised trial (the INSIGHT study), we enrolled adult patients (≥18 years) with advanced or metastatic NSCLC, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1, from academic medical centres and community clinics in six Asian countries. In phase 1b, patients received oral tepotinib 300 mg or 500 mg plus gefitinib 250 mg once daily. In phase 2, patients with EGFR-mutant, T790M-negative NSCLC MET overexpression or MET amplification were randomly assigned (initially in a 1:1 ratio and then 2:1 following a protocol amendment) to tepotinib plus gefitinib at the recommended phase 2 dose or to standard platinum doublet chemotherapy. Randomisation was done centrally via an interactive voice-response system. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and safety. Subgroup analyses were preplanned in patients with high MET overexpression (IHC3+) or MET amplification (mean gene copy number ≥5 or MET to centromere of chromosome 7 ratio ≥2). Efficacy and patient characteristics were assessed on an intention-to-treat basis and safety was assessed for all patients who received at least one dose of study medication. Low recruitment led to early termination of phase 2, so all analyses are considered to be exploratory. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01982955, and the European Union Drug Regulating Authorities Clinical Trials Database, Eudra-CT 2016-001604-28. FINDINGS From Dec 23, 2013, to May 25, 2017, 18 patients were enrolled in phase 1b (n=6 in the 300 mg tepotinib group; n=12 in the 500 mg tepotinib group) and 55 patients in phase 2 (n=31 in the tepotinib plus gefitinib group; n=24 in the chemotherapy group). No dose-limiting toxicities were observed in phase 1b, so tepotinib 500 mg was used as the recommended phase 2 dose. In phase 2, survival outcomes were similar between groups: median PFS was 4·9 months in the tepotinib plus gefitinib group (90% CI 3·9-6·9) versus 4·4 months in the chemotherapy group (90% CI 4·2-6·8; hazard ratio [HR] 0·67, 90% CI 0·35-1·28). Median OS was 17·3 months in the tepotinib plus gefitinib group (12·1-37·3) versus 18·7 months in the chemotherapy group (15·9-20·7; HR 0·69, 0·34-1·41). PFS and OS were longer with tepotinib plus gefitinib than with chemotherapy in patients with high (IHC3+) MET overexpression (n=34; median PFS 8·3 months [4·1-16·6] vs 4·4 months [4·1-6·8]; HR 0·35, 0·17-0·74; median OS 37·3 months [90% CI 24·2-37·3] vs 17·9 months [12·0-20·7]; HR 0·33, 0·14-0·76) or MET amplification (n=19; median PFS 16·6 months [8·3-not estimable] vs 4·2 months [1·4-7·0]; HR 0·13, 0·04-0·43; median OS 37·3 months [90% CI not estimable] vs 13·1 months [3·25-not estimable]; HR 0·08, 0·01-0·51). The most frequent treatment-related grade 3 or worse adverse events were increased amylase (5 [16%] of 31 patients) and lipase (4 [13%]) concentrations in the tepotinib plus gefitinib group and anaemia (7 [30%] of 23 patients) and decreased neutrophil count (3 [13%]) in the chemotherapy group. INTERPRETATION Despite early study termination, in a preplanned subgroup analysis, our findings suggest improved anti activity for tepotinib plus gefitinib compared with standard chemotherapy in patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC and MET amplification, warranting further exploration. FUNDING Merck KGaA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ying Cheng
- Jilin Province Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Jianying Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shun Lu
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jun Zhao
- Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | - Hongming Pan
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veteran General Hospital and School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Feng Chian
- Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Rolf Bruns
- Biostatistics, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Josef Straub
- Translational Medicine, Department of Clinical Biomarkers and Companion Diagnostics, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Andreas Johne
- Global Clinical Development, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheele
- Global Clinical Development, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Keunchil Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Rieger L, O'Shea S, Godsmark G, Stanicka J, Kelly G, O'Connor R. IGF-1 receptor activity in the Golgi of migratory cancer cells depends on adhesion-dependent phosphorylation of Tyr 1250 and Tyr 1251. Sci Signal 2020; 13:13/633/eaba3176. [PMID: 32457113 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aba3176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling promotes tumor growth and cancer progression, therapies that target the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) have shown poor clinical efficacy. To address IGF-1R activity in cancer cells and how it differs from that of the closely related insulin receptor (IR), we focused on two tyrosines in the IGF-1R C-terminal tail that are not present in the IR and are essential for IGF-1-mediated cancer cell survival, migration, and tumorigenic growth. We found that Tyr1250 and Tyr1251 (Tyr1250/1251) were autophosphorylated in a cell adhesion-dependent manner. To investigate the consequences of this phosphorylation, we generated phosphomimetic Y1250E/Y1251E (EE) and nonphosphorylatable Y1250F/Y1251F (FF) mutant forms of IGF-1R. Although fully competent in kinase activity and signaling, the EE mutant was more rapidly internalized and degraded than either the wild-type or FF receptor. IGF-1 promoted the accumulation of wild-type and EE IGF-1R within the Golgi apparatus, whereas the FF mutant remained at the plasma membrane. Golgi-associated IGF-1R signaling was a feature of migratory cancer cells, and Golgi disruption impaired IGF-1-induced signaling and cell migration. Upon the formation of new cell adhesions, IGF-1R transiently relocalized to the plasma membrane from the Golgi. Thus, phosphorylation at Tyr1250/1251 promoted IGF-1R translocation to and signaling from the Golgi to support an aggressive cancer phenotype. This process distinguishes IGF-1R from IR signaling and could contribute to the poor clinical efficacy of antibodies that target IGF-1R on the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Rieger
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sandra O'Shea
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Grant Godsmark
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Joanna Stanicka
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Geraldine Kelly
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Rosemary O'Connor
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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22
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Rieger L, O’Connor R. Controlled Signaling-Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor Endocytosis and Presence at Intracellular Compartments. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:620013. [PMID: 33584548 PMCID: PMC7878670 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.620013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligand-induced activation of the IGF-1 receptor triggers plasma-membrane-derived signal transduction but also triggers receptor endocytosis, which was previously thought to limit signaling. However, it is becoming ever more clear that IGF-1R endocytosis and trafficking to specific subcellular locations can define specific signaling responses that are important for key biological processes in normal cells and cancer cells. In different cell types, specific cell adhesion receptors and associated proteins can regulate IGF-1R endocytosis and trafficking. Once internalized, the IGF-1R may be recycled, degraded or translocated to the intracellular membrane compartments of the Golgi apparatus or the nucleus. The IGF-1R is present in the Golgi apparatus of migratory cancer cells where its signaling contributes to aggressive cancer behaviors including cell migration. The IGF-1R is also found in the nucleus of certain cancer cells where it can regulate gene expression. Nuclear IGF-1R is associated with poor clinical outcomes. IGF-1R signaling has also been shown to support mitochondrial biogenesis and function, and IGF-1R inhibition causes mitochondrial dysfunction. How IGF-1R intracellular trafficking and compartmentalized signaling is controlled is still unknown. This is an important area for further study, particularly in cancer.
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23
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ERBB3 mutations in cancer: biological aspects, prevalence and therapeutics. Oncogene 2019; 39:487-502. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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24
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Obata Y, Hara Y, Shiina I, Murata T, Tasaki Y, Suzuki K, Ito K, Tsugawa S, Yamawaki K, Takahashi T, Okamoto K, Nishida T, Abe R. N822K- or V560G-mutated KIT activation preferentially occurs in lipid rafts of the Golgi apparatus in leukemia cells. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:114. [PMID: 31484543 PMCID: PMC6727407 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0426-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background KIT tyrosine kinase is expressed in mast cells, interstitial cells of Cajal, and hematopoietic cells. Permanently active KIT mutations lead these host cells to tumorigenesis, and to such diseases as mast cell leukemia (MCL), gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Recently, we reported that in MCL, KIT with mutations (D816V, human; D814Y, mouse) traffics to endolysosomes (EL), where it can then initiate oncogenic signaling. On the other hand, KIT mutants including KITD814Y in GIST accumulate on the Golgi, and from there, activate downstream. KIT mutations, such as N822K, have been found in 30% of core binding factor-AML (CBF-AML) patients. However, how the mutants are tyrosine-phosphorylated and where they activate downstream molecules remain unknown. Moreover, it is unclear whether a KIT mutant other than KITD816V in MCL is able to signal on EL. Methods We used leukemia cell lines, such as Kasumi-1 (KITN822K, AML), SKNO-1 (KITN822K, AML), and HMC-1.1 (KITV560G, MCL), to explore how KIT transduces signals in these cells and to examine the signal platform for the mutants using immunofluorescence microscopy and inhibition of intracellular trafficking. Results In AML cell lines, KITN822K aberrantly localizes to EL. After biosynthesis, KIT traffics to the cell surface via the Golgi and immediately migrates to EL through endocytosis in a manner dependent on its kinase activity. However, results of phosphorylation imaging show that KIT is preferentially activated on the Golgi. Indeed, blockade of KITN822K migration to the Golgi with BFA/M-COPA inhibits the activation of KIT downstream molecules, such as AKT, ERK, and STAT5, indicating that KIT signaling occurs on the Golgi. Moreover, lipid rafts in the Golgi play a role in KIT signaling. Interestingly, KITV560G in HMC-1.1 migrates and activates downstream in a similar manner to KITN822K in Kasumi-1. Conclusions In AML, KITN822K mislocalizes to EL. Our findings, however, suggest that the mutant transduces phosphorylation signals on lipid rafts of the Golgi in leukemia cells. Unexpectedly, the KITV560G signal platform in MCL is similar to that of KITN822K in AML. These observations provide new insights into the pathogenic role of KIT mutants as well as that of other mutant molecules. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-019-0426-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Obata
- Division of Immunobiology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2669, Noda, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan. .,Division of Cancer Differentiation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tsukiji 5-1-1, Chuo-ku, 104-0045, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Hara
- Division of Immunobiology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2669, Noda, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan
| | - Isamu Shiina
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka 1-3, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8601, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Murata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka 1-3, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8601, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Tasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka 1-3, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8601, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyohei Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka 1-3, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8601, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ito
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka 1-3, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8601, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shou Tsugawa
- Division of Cancer Differentiation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tsukiji 5-1-1, Chuo-ku, 104-0045, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka 1-3, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8601, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouhei Yamawaki
- Division of Cancer Differentiation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tsukiji 5-1-1, Chuo-ku, 104-0045, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takahashi
- Department of Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koji Okamoto
- Division of Cancer Differentiation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tsukiji 5-1-1, Chuo-ku, 104-0045, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshirou Nishida
- National Cancer Center Hospital, Tsukiji 5-1-1, Chuo-ku, 104-0045, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Abe
- Division of Immunobiology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2669, Noda, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan. .,SIRC, Teikyo University, Itabashi-ku 2-11-1, Itabashi-ku, 173-8605, Tokyo, Japan.
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Andres F, Iamele L, Meyer T, Stüber JC, Kast F, Gherardi E, Niemann HH, Plückthun A. Inhibition of the MET Kinase Activity and Cell Growth in MET-Addicted Cancer Cells by Bi-Paratopic Linking. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:2020-2039. [PMID: 30930049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
MET, the product of the c-MET proto-oncogene, and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) control survival, proliferation and migration during development and tissue regeneration. HGF/SF-MET signaling is equally crucial for growth and metastasis of a variety of human tumors, but resistance to small-molecule inhibitors of MET kinase develops rapidly and therapeutic antibody targeting remains challenging. We made use of the designed ankyrin repeat protein (DARPin) technology to develop an alternative approach for inhibiting MET. We generated a collection of MET-binding DARPins covering epitopes in the extracellular MET domains and created comprehensive sets of bi-paratopic fusion proteins. This new class of molecules efficiently inhibited MET kinase activity and downstream signaling, caused receptor downregulation and strongly inhibited the proliferation of MET-dependent gastric carcinoma cells carrying MET locus amplifications. MET-specific bi-paratopic DARPins may represent a novel and potent strategy for therapeutic targeting of MET and other receptors, and this study has elucidated their mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Andres
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luisa Iamele
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Timo Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Germany
| | - Jakob C Stüber
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Kast
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Andreas Plückthun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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