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Deng J, Lai G, Zhang C, Li K, Zhu W, Xie B, Zhong X. A robust primary liver cancer subtype related to prognosis and drug response based on a multiple combined classifying strategy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25570. [PMID: 38352751 PMCID: PMC10861988 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The recurrence or resistance to treatment of primary liver cancer (PLL) is significantly related to the heterogeneity present within the tumor. In this study, we integrated prognosis risk score, mRNAsi index, and immune characteristics clustering to classify patients. The four subtypes obtained from the combined classification are associated with PLC's prognosis and drug response. In these subtypes, we observed mRNAsiH_ICCA subtype, the intersection between high mRNAsi and immune characteristics clustering A, had the worst prognosis. Specifically, immune characteristics clustering B (ICC_B) had high drug sensitivity in most drugs regardless of the value of mRNAsi. On the other hand, patients with low mRNAsi responded better to ten drugs including KU-55933 and NU7441, while patients with high mRNAsi might benefit from drugs like Leflunomide. By matching the specific characteristics of each combined subtype with the drug-induced cell line expression profile, we identified a group of potential therapeutic drugs that might regulate the expression of disease signature genes. We developed a feasible multiple combined typing strategy, hoping to guide therapeutic selection and promote the development of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielian Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Medical Department, Yidu Cloud (Beijing) Technology Co., Beijing, China
| | - Guichuan Lai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kangjie Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenyan Zhu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Medical Department, Yidu Cloud (Beijing) Technology Co., Beijing, China
| | - Biao Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoni Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Parejo-Alonso B, Royo-García A, Espiau-Romera P, Courtois S, Curiel-García Á, Zagorac S, Villaoslada I, Olive KP, Heeschen C, Sancho P. Pharmacological targeting of the receptor ALK inhibits tumorigenicity and overcomes chemoresistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114162. [PMID: 36571997 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an extremely aggressive disease characterized by its metastatic potential and chemoresistance. These traits are partially attributable to the highly tumorigenic pancreatic cancer stem cells (PaCSCs). Interestingly, these cells show unique features in order to sustain their identity and functionality, some of them amenable for therapeutic intervention. Screening of phospho-receptor tyrosine kinases revealed that PaCSCs harbored increased activation of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). We subsequently demonstrated that oncogenic ALK signaling contributes to tumorigenicity in PDAC patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) by promoting stemness through ligand-dependent activation. Indeed, the ALK ligands midkine (MDK) or pleiotrophin (PTN) increased self-renewal, clonogenicity and CSC frequency in several in vitro local and metastatic PDX models. Conversely, treatment with the clinically-approved ALK inhibitors Crizotinib and Ensartinib decreased PaCSC content and functionality in vitro and in vivo, by inducing cell death. Strikingly, ALK inhibitors sensitized chemoresistant PaCSCs to Gemcitabine, as the most used chemotherapeutic agent for PDAC treatment. Consequently, ALK inhibition delayed tumor relapse after chemotherapy in vivo by effectively decreasing the content of PaCSCs. In summary, our results demonstrate that targeting the MDK/PTN-ALK axis with clinically-approved inhibitors impairs in vivo tumorigenicity and chemoresistance in PDAC suggesting a new treatment approach to improve the long-term survival of PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Parejo-Alonso
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alba Royo-García
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Espiau-Romera
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sarah Courtois
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Álvaro Curiel-García
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sladjana Zagorac
- Center for Stem Cells in Cancer & Ageing (Barts Cancer Institute), London, UK
| | - Isabel Villaoslada
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain; Aragon Institute of Engineering Research, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Kenneth P Olive
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher Heeschen
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China; Pancreatic Cancer Heterogeneity, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo (Torino), Italy
| | - Patricia Sancho
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Molecular Aspects and Therapeutic Implications of Herbal Compounds Targeting Different Types of Cancer. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020750. [PMID: 36677808 PMCID: PMC9867434 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to genetic changes in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) sequences, cancer continues to be the second most prevalent cause of death. The traditional target-directed approach, which is confronted with the importance of target function in healthy cells, is one of the most significant challenges in anticancer research. Another problem with cancer cells is that they experience various mutations, changes in gene duplication, and chromosomal abnormalities, all of which have a direct influence on the potency of anticancer drugs at different developmental stages. All of these factors combine to make cancer medication development difficult, with low clinical licensure success rates when compared to other therapy categories. The current review focuses on the pathophysiology and molecular aspects of common cancer types. Currently, the available chemotherapeutic drugs, also known as combination chemotherapy, are associated with numerous adverse effects, resulting in the search for herbal-based alternatives that attenuate resistance due to cancer therapy and exert chemo-protective actions. To provide new insights, this review updated the list of key compounds that may enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment.
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Shi D, Mu S, Pu F, Zhong B, Hu B, Muhtar M, Tong W, Shao Z, Zhang Z, Liu J. Pan-sarcoma characterization of lncRNAs in the crosstalk of EMT and tumour immunity identifies distinct clinical outcomes and potential implications for immunotherapy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:427. [PMID: 35842562 PMCID: PMC11071722 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04462-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a reversible process that may interact with tumour immunity through multiple approaches. There is increasing evidence demonstrating the interconnections among EMT-related processes, the tumour microenvironment, and immune activity, as well as its potential influence on the immunotherapy response. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as critical modulators of gene expression. They play fundamental roles in tumour immunity and act as promising biomarkers of immunotherapy response. However, the potential roles of lncRNA in the crosstalk of EMT and tumour immunity are still unclear in sarcoma. We obtained multi-omics profiling of 1440 pan-sarcoma patients from 19 datasets. Through an unsupervised consensus clustering approach, we categorised EMT molecular subtypes. We subsequently identified 26 EMT molecular subtype and tumour immune-related lncRNAs (EILncRNA) across pan-sarcoma types and developed an EILncRNA signature-based weighted scoring model (EILncSig). The EILncSig exhibited favourable performance in predicting the prognosis of sarcoma, and a high-EILncSig was associated with exclusive tumour microenvironment (TME) characteristics with desert-like infiltration of immune cells. Multiple altered pathways, somatically-mutated genes and recurrent CNV regions associated with EILncSig were identified. Notably, the EILncSig was associated with the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) therapy. Using a computational drug-genomic approach, we identified compounds, such as Irinotecan that may have the potential to convert the EILncSig phenotype. By integrative analysis on multi-omics profiling, our findings provide a comprehensive resource for understanding the functional role of lncRNA-mediated immune regulation in sarcomas, which may advance the understanding of tumour immune response and the development of lncRNA-based immunotherapeutic strategies for sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyao Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Shidai Mu
- Institute of Haematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Feifei Pu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Binlong Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Binwu Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Muradil Muhtar
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Tong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhicai Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Jianxiang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Damerell V, Ambele MA, Salisbury S, Neumann-Mufweba A, Durandt C, Pepper MS, Prince S. The c-Myc/TBX3 Axis Promotes Cellular Transformation of Sarcoma-Initiating Cells. Front Oncol 2022; 11:801691. [PMID: 35145908 PMCID: PMC8821881 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.801691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are highly aggressive cancers of mesenchymal origin whose clinical management is highly complex. This is partly due to a lack of understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning the transformation of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) which are presumed to be the sarcoma-initiating cells. c-Myc is amplified/overexpressed in a range of sarcomas where it has an established oncogenic role and there is evidence that it contributes to the malignant transformation of MSCs. T-box transcription factor 3 (TBX3) is upregulated by c-Myc in a host of sarcoma subtypes where it promotes proliferation, tumor formation, migration, and invasion. This study investigated whether TBX3 is a c-Myc target in human MSCs (hMSCs) and whether overexpressing TBX3 in hMSCs can phenocopy c-Myc overexpression to promote malignant transformation. Using siRNA, qRT-PCR, luciferase reporter and chromatin-immunoprecipitation assays, we show that c-Myc binds and directly activates TBX3 transcription in hMSCs at a conserved E-box motif. When hMSCs were engineered to stably overexpress TBX3 using lentiviral gene transfer and the resulting cells characterised in 2D and 3D, the overexpression of TBX3 was shown to promote self-renewal, bypass senescence, and enhance proliferation which corresponded with increased levels of cell cycle progression markers (cyclin A, cyclin B1, CDK2) and downregulation of the p14ARF/MDM2/p53 tumor suppressor pathway. Furthermore, TBX3 promoted the migratory and invasive ability of hMSCs which associated with increased levels of markers of migration (Vimentin, SLUG, SNAIL, TWIST1) and invasion (MMP2, MMP9). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that genes upregulated upon TBX3 overexpression overlapped with c-myc targets, were involved in cell cycle progression, and were associated with sarcomagenesis. Together, the data described indicate that the c-Myc/TBX3 oncogenic molecular pathway may be a key mechanism that transforms hMSCs into sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Damerell
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Melvin Anyasi Ambele
- Department of Immunology and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Shanel Salisbury
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alexis Neumann-Mufweba
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Chrisna Durandt
- Department of Immunology and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Michael Sean Pepper
- Department of Immunology and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sharon Prince
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Sharon Prince,
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Zheng C, Wang Y, Luo Y, Pang Z, Zhou Y, Min L, Tu C. Synchronous lung and multiple soft tissue metastases developed from osteosarcoma of tibia: a rare case report and genetic profile analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:74. [PMID: 35057767 PMCID: PMC8780329 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05020-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor with a highly metastatic propensity in children and young adolescents. The majority of metastases develope in the lung, while metastases to the extrapulmonary locations have rarely been discussed, especially in skeletal muscle.
Case presentation
We reported a young patient with pathologically diagnosed osteosarcoma of the right tibia who was initially treated with standard chemotherapy and complete surgical resection. However, pulmonary metastases and multiple soft tissue masses in skeletal muscle developed four years after the index surgical resection. Subsequently, a targeted next-generation sequencing assay based on an 806 oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes panel was performed to analyze genetic alterations in this patient with rare metastatic pattern. The genetic analysis revealed canonical somatic mutations of RB1 and germline variants of ALK (c.862 T > C), BLM (c.1021C > T), PTCH1 (c.152_154del), MSH2 (c.14C > A), RAD51C (c.635G > A). Using silico prediction programs, the germline variants of the MSH2 and RAD51C were predicted as “Possibly Damaging” by Polymorphism Phenotyping v2 (PolyPhen-2) and “Tolerated” by Sorting Intolerant from Tolerant (SIFT); BLM was classified as “Tolerated”, while the germline variant of ALK was predicted to be pathogenic by both PolyPhen-2 and SIFT.
Conclusions
Osteosarcoma with extrapulmonary metastases is rare, especially located in the skeletal muscle, which predicts a worse clinical outcome compared with lung-only metastases. The several novel variants of ALK, BLM, PTCH1 in this patient might expand the mutational spectrums of the osteosarcoma. All the results may contribute to a better understanding of the clinical course and genetic characteristics of osteosarcoma patients with metastasis.
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Tang Y, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Tang B, Zhou Z, Chen H. Nanoparticle-Based RNAi Therapeutics Targeting Cancer Stem Cells: Update and Prospective. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122116. [PMID: 34959397 PMCID: PMC8708448 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are characterized by intrinsic self-renewal and tumorigenic properties, and play important roles in tumor initiation, progression, and resistance to diverse forms of anticancer therapy. Accordingly, targeting signaling pathways that are critical for CSC maintenance and biofunctions, including the Wnt, Notch, Hippo, and Hedgehog signaling cascades, remains a promising therapeutic strategy in multiple cancer types. Furthermore, advances in various cancer omics approaches have largely increased our knowledge of the molecular basis of CSCs, and provided numerous novel targets for anticancer therapy. However, the majority of recently identified targets remain ‘undruggable’ through small-molecule agents, whereas the implications of exogenous RNA interference (RNAi, including siRNA and miRNA) may make it possible to translate our knowledge into therapeutics in a timely manner. With the recent advances of nanomedicine, in vivo delivery of RNAi using elaborate nanoparticles can potently overcome the intrinsic limitations of RNAi alone, as it is rapidly degraded and has unpredictable off-target side effects. Herein, we present an update on the development of RNAi-delivering nanoplatforms in CSC-targeted anticancer therapy and discuss their potential implications in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongquan Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Zongguang Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (Z.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (H.C.)
| | - Haining Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (Z.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (H.C.)
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Brisset M, Grandin M, Bernet A, Mehlen P, Hollande F. Dependence receptors: new targets for cancer therapy. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e14495. [PMID: 34542930 PMCID: PMC8573599 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dependence receptors are known to promote survival and positive signaling such as proliferation, migration, and differentiation when activated, but to actively trigger apoptosis when unbound to their ligand. Their abnormal regulation was shown to be an important feature of tumorigenesis, allowing cancer cells to escape apoptosis triggered by these receptors while promoting in parallel major aspects of tumorigenesis such as proliferation, angiogenesis, invasiveness, and chemoresistance. This involvement in multiple cancer hallmarks has raised interest in dependence receptors as targets for cancer therapy. Although additional studies remain necessary to fully understand the complexity of signaling pathways activated by these receptors and to target them efficiently, it is now clear that dependence receptors represent very exciting targets for future cancer treatment. This manuscript reviews current knowledge on the contribution of dependence receptors to cancer and highlights the potential for therapies that activate pro-apoptotic functions of these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Brisset
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer CentreThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVic.Australia
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer ResearchVictorian Comprehensive Cancer CentreMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Mélodie Grandin
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer CentreThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVic.Australia
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer ResearchVictorian Comprehensive Cancer CentreMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Agnès Bernet
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development LaboratoryCentre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052‐CNRS UMR5286Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Patrick Mehlen
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development LaboratoryCentre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052‐CNRS UMR5286Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Frédéric Hollande
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer CentreThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVic.Australia
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer ResearchVictorian Comprehensive Cancer CentreMelbourneVic.Australia
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HIF-1-regulated expression of calreticulin promotes breast tumorigenesis and progression through Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2109144118. [PMID: 34706936 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2109144118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Calreticulin (CALR) is a multifunctional protein that participates in various cellular processes, which include calcium homeostasis, cell adhesion, protein folding, and cancer progression. However, the role of CALR in breast cancer (BC) is unclear. Here, we report that CALR is overexpressed in BC compared with normal tissue, and its expression is correlated with patient mortality and stemness indices. CALR expression was increased in mammosphere cultures, CD24-CD44+ cells, and aldehyde dehydrogenase-expressing cells, which are enriched for breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). Additionally, CALR knockdown led to BCSC depletion, which impaired tumor initiation and metastasis and enhanced chemosensitivity in vivo. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and reporter assays revealed that hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) directly activated CALR transcription in hypoxic BC cells. CALR expression was correlated with Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation, and an activator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling abrogated the inhibitory effect of CALR knockdown on mammosphere formation. Taken together, our results demonstrate that CALR facilitates BC progression by promoting the BCSC phenotype through Wnt/β-catenin signaling in an HIF-1-dependent manner and suggest that CALR may represent a target for BC therapy.
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10
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Li Q, Wang J, Meng X, Chen W, Feng J, Mao J. Identification of autophagy-related gene and lncRNA signatures in the prognosis of HNSCC. Oral Dis 2021; 29:138-153. [PMID: 33901303 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify prognostic autophagy-related genes and lncRNAs to predict clinical outcomes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Differentially expressed autophagy-related genes and autophagy-related lncRNAs were identified by comparing pare-carcinoma and carcinoma samples of HNSCC. And then, we constructed an ARG and an AR-lncRNA signature risk score. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to assess the prognostic prediction capacity. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation were used to analysis the functions of ARGs and AR-lncRNAs. RESULTS Six ARGs and thirteen AR-lncRNAs were identified in the ARG and AR-lncRNA signatures, and overall survival (OS) in the high-risk group was significantly shorter than the low-risk group. ROC analysis showed the ARG and AR-lncRNA signatures have excellent ability of predicting the total OS of patients with HNSCC. What's more, GSEA and GO functional annotation proved that autophagy-related pathways are mainly enriched in the high-risk group. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that our ARG signature and AR-lncRNA signature could be considered to predict the prognosis of patients with HNSCC and provide a deep understanding of the biological mechanisms of autophagy in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilin Li
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyao Meng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weimin Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiexiong Feng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Mao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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11
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Pisano A, Griñan-Lison C, Farace C, Fiorito G, Fenu G, Jiménez G, Scognamillo F, Peña-Martin J, Naccarati A, Pröll J, Atzmüller S, Pardini B, Attene F, Ibba G, Solinas MG, Bernhard D, Marchal JA, Madeddu R. The Inhibitory Role of miR-486-5p on CSC Phenotype Has Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113432. [PMID: 33227890 PMCID: PMC7699298 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer worldwide and the second cause of cancer deaths. Increasing evidences supports the idea that the poor prognosis of patients is related to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), a cell population able to drive cancer recurrence and metastasis. The deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays a role in the formation of CSC. We investigated the role of hsa-miR-486-5p (miR-486-5p) in CRC, CSCs, and metastasis, in order to reach a better understanding of the biomolecular and epigenetic mechanisms mir-486-5p-related. The expression of miR-486-5p was investigated in three different matrices from CRC patients and controls and in CSCs obtained from the CRC cell lines HCT-116, HT-29, and T-84. In the human study, miR-486-5p was up-regulated in serum and stool of CRC patients in comparison with healthy controls but down-regulated in tumor tissue when compared with normal mucosa. miR-486-5p was also down-regulated in the sera of metastatic patients. In vitro, miR-486-5p was down-regulated in CSC models and it induced an inhibitory effect on stem factors and oncogenes in the main pathways of CSCs. Our results provide a step forward in understanding the role of mir-486-5p in CRC and CSC, and suggest that further studies are needed to investigate its diagnostic and prognostic power, possibly in combination with other biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pisano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (G.F.); (G.I.); (M.G.S.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.G.-L.); (G.J.); (J.P.-M.)
| | - Carmen Griñan-Lison
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.G.-L.); (G.J.); (J.P.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Organization University Hospitals of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit Modeling Nature (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Cristiano Farace
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (G.F.); (G.I.); (M.G.S.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fiorito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (G.F.); (G.I.); (M.G.S.)
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Grazia Fenu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (G.F.); (G.I.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Gema Jiménez
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.G.-L.); (G.J.); (J.P.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Organization University Hospitals of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit Modeling Nature (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Scognamillo
- O.U. of Surgery I (Surgical Pathology), A.O.U. Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (F.S.); (F.A.)
| | - Jesùs Peña-Martin
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.G.-L.); (G.J.); (J.P.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Organization University Hospitals of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit Modeling Nature (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Molecular Epidemiology and Exposome Research Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), c/o IRCCS Candiolo, Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy; (A.N.); (B.P.)
- Molecular Epidemiology and Exposome Research Unit Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy
| | - Johannes Pröll
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria;
- Center for Medical Research, Johannes Kepler University, 4040 Linz, Austria;
- Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Sabine Atzmüller
- Center for Medical Research, Johannes Kepler University, 4040 Linz, Austria;
| | - Barbara Pardini
- Molecular Epidemiology and Exposome Research Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), c/o IRCCS Candiolo, Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy; (A.N.); (B.P.)
- Molecular Epidemiology and Exposome Research Unit Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy
| | - Federico Attene
- O.U. of Surgery I (Surgical Pathology), A.O.U. Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (F.S.); (F.A.)
| | - Gabriele Ibba
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (G.F.); (G.I.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Maria Giuliana Solinas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (G.F.); (G.I.); (M.G.S.)
| | - David Bernhard
- Division of Pathophysiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University, 4040 Linz, Austria;
| | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.G.-L.); (G.J.); (J.P.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Organization University Hospitals of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit Modeling Nature (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.A.M.); (R.M.); Tel.: +34-958249321 (J.A.M.); +39-079228569 (R.M.)
| | - Roberto Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (G.F.); (G.I.); (M.G.S.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (J.A.M.); (R.M.); Tel.: +34-958249321 (J.A.M.); +39-079228569 (R.M.)
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Cancer Stem Cells in Soft-Tissue Sarcomas. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061449. [PMID: 32532153 PMCID: PMC7349510 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a rare group of mesenchymal solid tumors with heterogeneous genetic profiles and clinical features. Systemic chemotherapy is the backbone treatment for advanced STS; however, STS frequently acquire resistance to standard therapies, which highlights the need to improve treatments and identify novel therapeutic targets. Increases in the knowledge of the molecular pathways that drive sarcomas have brought to light different molecular alterations that cause tumor initiation and progression. These findings have triggered a breakthrough of targeted therapies that are being assessed in clinical trials. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) exhibit mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) features and represent a subpopulation of tumor cells that play an important role in tumor progression, chemotherapy resistance, recurrence and metastasis. In fact, CSCs phenotypes have been identified in sarcomas, allied to drug resistance and tumorigenesis. Herein, we will review the published evidence of CSCs in STS, discussing the molecular characteristic of CSCs, the commonly used isolation techniques and the new possibilities of targeting CSCs as a way to improve STS treatment and consequently patient outcome.
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